JP2011042621A - Plant growth-controlling agent composition - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems in that by conventional dwarfing agents, their using periods or using amounts are different by the kind of plants, special knowledge or skill is required for adjusting a prescribed weed height, also the retardation of bloom or fruition by the dwarfing treatment often occurs, and further environmental pollution and bad effects to humans and animals are regarded as issues, etc. <P>SOLUTION: A specific natural essential oil component, distributing over plant kingdom, and having a high safety and recognized as a food additive is used as a main agent. Thus, the plant growth-controlling agent of which using conditions for a wide range of plants are almost not limited, in addition, without causing the retardation of the blooming or fruition, rich in biodegradability and having a high safety is provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a multifunctional plant growth control composition that has a low environmental load and is highly safe for human livestock.

  Various fertilizers and fertilizers are widely used for the purpose of promoting or suppressing the growth of crops and horticultural florets. Among these, the purpose of promoting growth is generally formulated with inorganic components, amino acids, plant hormones, etc. necessary for plant growth. In recent years, various wood vinegar solutions and enzymes have also been used as vital agents. Yes. For the purpose of promoting growth and flowering, in addition to means such as fertilization and day length control, spraying of plant hormones is also attempted.

On the other hand, for the purpose of suppressing and not increasing the growth of plants, for example, Succinic acid 2,2-dimethyl-hydrazide (Daminozide), Sodium
2,6-bis- (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy) benzoate (bispyribac sodium salt), (E) -1- (4-Cholorophenyl) -4,4-dimethyl-2- (1H-1 , 2,4-triazole-
1-yl) -1-penten-3-ol (uniconazole), 2,4-dichlorobenzyltributylphosphonium
chloride (phosphon D), 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid
(TIBA), 2-Chloroethyltrimethylammonium
chloride (CCC), 2-isopropyl-4-dimethylamino-5-methylphenyl-1-piperidinecarboxylate
Chemically-synthesizing agents such as methyl chloride (AMO1618) are used by methods such as leaf stem or soil spraying. In recent years, Indol-3- carboxaldehyde was found from the leaf stalk of sweet potato.
And 3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic
A plant dwarfing agent using acid is also disclosed. In addition, a very wide variety of growth regulators have been developed and marketed for the purpose of, for example, weeding by extremely inhibiting plant growth, but the composition according to the present invention kills plants. Not intended for that.

However, the appropriate use of existing plant dwarfing agents slows the growth of the target plant and lowers the plant height at the maximum elongation, and the desired purpose is generally achieved, but often involves a delay in flowering and fruiting time. This is pointed out as a major problem. Therefore, when it is desired to normalize or promote the flowering time, it is often necessary to separately control the day length or apply special chemicals, and the countermeasures differ depending on the type of plant, so extremely complicated work is required. Is done.

  These drugs are generally limited in the proper application time and application amount for plant growth, and in some cases, their effects are not manifested at all, the application time and amount are inappropriate, and other pesticides. The combined use of this method has the disadvantage that the plant may be killed. Therefore, in use, the user himself / herself must be familiar with the properties of the target plant and the drug, and must determine the spraying amount and spraying time according to their characteristics, so that misuse is inevitable. Such drawbacks significantly limit the mode of use of household horticultural plants that have become particularly popular in recent years, and also cause confusion for general cultivated farmers of florets. there were.

  In addition, many of the conventional tanning agents have an inhibitory effect on hormones in plants (such as gibberellin and auxin), exhibit activity in a relatively small amount, and have a high residual effect. It was extremely difficult to finish.

  Furthermore, non-natural compounds which have been artificially invented and chemically synthesized are blended as main active ingredients in commercially available products for tanning agents. Therefore, since they have almost no biodegradability, there is an unavoidable risk that such physiologically active substances remain in the soil and water for a long time and cause environmental pollution.

  In addition, although the toxicity of commercially available dwarfing agents is generally judged to be relatively low, there is an adverse effect on the human body, livestock, pet animals, etc. due to residual / accumulation in plants and scattering during spraying. Concerned.

JP 2004-149479 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-153024

The problem to be solved is that when an existing dwarfing agent is used, the application time and application amount of the dwarfing agent are generally limited depending on the type of the target plant, preventing atrophy and the required plant height It requires skill to use properly, such as adjusting to cultivating, the flowering and fruiting time often delays due to the treatment with fertilizer, and the cultivation / harvest plan is distorted, and also adversely affects environmental pollution and human livestock Is a concern.

  The main feature of the present invention is that it comprises a composition containing, as an active main ingredient, a specific natural essential oil component (fragrance) with high safety approved as a food additive.

Specifically, as an active main ingredient, (1) citral (including citral-a or citral-b, and a mixture thereof in any proportion), (2) terpineol (alpha-terpineol, beta-terpineol, gamma-terpineol Any one or a mixture thereof in any proportion), (3) terpinyl acetate (alpha-terpinyl acetate, beta-terpinyl acetate, any one of gamma-terpinyl acetate, or them) An appropriate amount of surfactant is added to the essential oil composed of at least one group selected from the three groups of (1) to (3) shown in (1) If necessary, mineral oil (hydrocarbons such as kerosene, light oil, machine oil, liquid paraffin) Raspberry oil, corn oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, olive oil, sesame oil, camellia oil, castor oil, peanut oil, palm oil, palm oil, kiri oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, pine nut oil, Asa seed oil, cottonseed oil, nutka oil, grapefruit seed oil, gentian oil, sardine oil, herring oil, whale oil, beef tallow, lard, etc., but not limited to these) The present invention was completed by a method of dissolving, or a method of emulsifying and dispersing an essential oil composed of at least one group selected from (1) to (3) in water using a surfactant. .

  As the surfactant used here, various nonionic surfactants generally used as emulsifiers, dispersants, solubilizers (for example, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, Polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, fatty acid diethanolamides, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ethers, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, and the like) and anionic surfactants (alkyls) Sulfuric acid ester salts, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfuric acid ester salts, alkyl sulfonic acid salts, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid salts, fatty acid salts, alkyl phosphoric acid ester salts, and the like, but are not limited thereto. Although it is possible to use the stomach), from the viewpoint of safety, even foods are widely used, such as sorbitan fatty acid esters and sucrose fatty acid esters are more preferable.

  The intended purpose can be achieved by directly spraying the composition thus obtained on the leaves, stems, etc. of the plant or by osmotic spraying on the plant root soil.

  Since the composition of the present invention has a relatively mild hatching effect, the application range of the application rate is wide, and no plant atrophy or death occurs due to excessive application. In addition, it has a great feature that it is possible to achieve the required plant height by adjusting the spraying concentration, and it is also possible to adjust the spraying concentration according to the degree of growth. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately suppress the growth of the plant by spraying an appropriate amount thereof onto a plant or the like without requiring advanced cultivation knowledge and judgment.

The composition of the present invention can achieve the intended purpose by spraying directly on the leaves, stems, etc. of the plant as usual, but since it is also effectively absorbed from the root, the root of the plant during cultivation The hatching process can be effectively performed by osmotic spraying to the soil.

  The composition of the present invention does not cause any flowering / ripening delay, and depending on the type of plant, on the contrary, expresses a flowering promoting effect. Therefore, forcing cultivation of plants using flowers, fruit vegetables, flower buds, strawberries, fruits, etc. It also has the great advantage of enabling

  Since the composition of the present invention can be applied to almost any kind of plant and can be applied regardless of its growing season, it does not require skill in use. Therefore, the hatching process time can be set arbitrarily.

  Since the basic compounding raw materials constituting the composition of the present invention are perfumes, mineral oils, and oils and fats that are permitted as food additives, they have a feature that they are highly safe for human animals even when applied directly to agricultural products. In addition, the active main agent is a natural plant-derived material, and when sprayed on a plant, it is easily absorbed into the body and metabolized in a short time, and therefore has very low persistence on the surface of the plant body and in the body. In addition, since it is assimilated and decomposed by microorganisms, air, ultraviolet rays and the like in a relatively short period of time in the natural state, there is no soil persistence, and therefore there is an advantage that the degree of environmental pollution is extremely low.

  The composition of the present invention is a method of preparing an aqueous emulsion by emulsifying and dispersing a specific type of active ingredient present in a plant essential oil in water using a surfactant by a conventional method, or the specific ingredient as it is, Alternatively, it can be obtained by a method of preparing an oily liquid by dissolving it in mineral oil or fat and mixing with a surfactant if necessary, but these emulsions and oily liquids can be added to an LPG using a sprayer. The object of the present invention can be achieved by adding a propellant such as

Hereinafter, examples in which sorbitan fatty acid ester and sucrose fatty acid ester are used as surfactants will be specifically described by way of examples. However, these are merely examples and do not limit the composition of the present invention. .

Four types of active essential oils (hereinafter referred to as “active oils”) A, B, C, and D in which citral, terpineol, and terpinyl acetate were combined at a weight ratio shown in Table 1 were prepared. Next, at room temperature, an aqueous solution of sucrose stearate prepared at a concentration of 1% was added to 2 g of A with good stirring to make a total amount of 100 g. Thereafter, this was mixed and stirred at 400 rpm for 2 minutes to obtain a white turbid emulsion sample (AS2). Furthermore, each emulsion sample of BS2, CS2, and DS2 was prepared from the active oils B, C, and D in the same manner by changing only the type of the active oil.

Add 0.5 g of sorbitan monooleate to 0.1 g of active oil A and mix well at 70 ° C. Stir well with an aqueous solution of 1% sucrose laurate heated to 70 ° C. The total amount was 100 g. Subsequently, this was mixed and stirred at 400 rpm for 2 minutes, and then stirred and cooled to room temperature to obtain a white emulsion sample (AOL01). Furthermore, using the same A, except that the amount of A is changed to 0.3 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 3 g, 10 g, and 20 g, the emulsified sample, AOL03, AOL05, AOL1 are exactly the same (total amount is 100 g). , AOL3, AOL10, AOL20 were prepared respectively.

Using various sorbitan fatty acid esters (using 0.5 to 3 g), various sucrose fatty acid esters (0.5 to 3% aqueous solution) and various active oils shown in Table 2, only 0.1 g of active oil is mixed. , 0.3 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 3 g, 10 g, and 20 g, and seven types of emulsified samples were prepared for each emulsion series in the same manner as in Example 2.

  Although there were some differences in the homogeneity (appearance) of the prepared emulsified samples, good emulsions were obtained in all cases.

Add 0.1 g of sorbitan monooleate to 0.1 g of active oil A and mix well at 70 ° C., then add mineral oil heated to 70 ° C. to make a total amount of 100 g. And sealed in a pressure vessel to obtain an oil-based spray sample (SAO01). Furthermore, using the same A, except that the amount of A is changed to 0.3 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 3 g, 10 g, 20 g and 50 g, the oil spray sample, SAO03, in exactly the same manner (total amount is 100 g) , SAO05, SAO1, SAO3, SAO10, SAO20, SAO50 were prepared. All were transparent to slightly opaque colorless or slightly yellow liquid.

In Example 4, sorbitan monooleate was not added, and the amount of A was changed to 0.1 g, 0.3 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 3 g, 10 g, 20 g, and 50 g in exactly the same manner. (Total amount of A and mineral oil was 100 g), and oily spray samples, SA01, SA03, SA05, SA1, SA3, SA10, SA20, SA50 were prepared respectively. Although the appearance was slightly turbid than that prepared in Example 4, there was no problem in use.

Using various sorbitan fatty acid esters (0 to 3 g used) and various active oils shown in Table 3, only the amount of the active oil is 0.1 g, 0.3 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 3 g, 10 g, 20 g, Eight types of spray samples were prepared for the oily liquid series in the same manner as in Example 4 or Example 5 except that the amount was changed to 50 g.

  About 10 kinds of plants grown to a height of about 10 cm after sowing, 5 strains of each were planted in a cocoon at intervals of about 30 cm. Thereafter, a sufficient amount of the emulsified sample AOL3 prepared in Example 2 was sprayed once every two weeks using a sprayer until the entire surface of the leaf / stem was uniformly wetted (total of four sprays and treatments). Ward). On the other hand, an aqueous dispersion containing no active oil A and 1% each of sorbitan monooleate and sucrose laurate was used as a control (control group), and planted in the same manner, and each of 5 plants separately prepared. (10 types) was sprayed a total of 4 times in the same manner. These experiments were carried out in a greenhouse, and irrigation was carried out only on the root part of the treated group and the control group using the same protocol.

After 55 days, the plant height from the ground surface was measured for each strain, the average value of 5 strains was calculated for each plant, and the control group and the treated group were compared. The results are shown in Table 4.

  As is clear from these results, although the degree of the effect varies depending on the type of plant, the treatment group had a plant height of approximately 46% to 66% with respect to the control group. It can be seen that there is a remarkable hatching action. It is also clear that it exhibits a broad hatching effect on plants of many families.

  In the same manner, a sample containing 3 g (3%) of each active oil, BOsP3, CLL3, and DOM3 (see Table 2) were also tested. The plant height of the treated group was 51% of the control group, respectively. Since the plant heights were -64%, 48% -62%, and 45% -68%, it was found that the active oils B to D had a remarkable hatching action as well.

After putting 100 g of SAO3 prepared in Example 4 into a 500 mL pressure-resistant aluminum can, 350 mL of LPG was filled and enclosed to prepare a spray for spraying. Using this, a spraying experiment was conducted in exactly the same manner as in Example 7. The sample in the control group is a sample not containing only the active oil A. The results are shown in Table 5.

  Thus, it is apparent that the oily sample shows a remarkable hatching effect on various types of plants in almost the same manner as the aqueous emulsified sample.

  A similar test was conducted on samples containing 3 g (3%) of active oil, SBL3, SCO3, SDOs3, SA3, SB3, SC3, and SD3 (see Table 3). 55% to 65%, 51% to 60%, 48% to 61%, 46% to 59%, 53% to 66%, 49% to 62%, 47% to 63% of the plant height for the control group, respectively. From these results, it can be seen that the active oils B to D show a remarkable hatching action in various oil samples as well.

Eight kinds of SAS oily samples prepared in Example 6 (see Table 3) (active oil A 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 10%, 20%, respectively) 50% content) and only the active oil A (100%) were used to conduct an experiment to examine the effect of the blending concentration of the active oil. The target plants are 5 types shown in Table 6, and a spraying experiment was carried out in exactly the same manner as in Example 7 except that 10 strains (plant height of about 10 cm) were used. Table 6 shows the ratio (%) of the average plant height.

  From this result, it is clear that a stable hatching action is exhibited in a wide range of application concentrations, and it is understood that there is very little possibility of causing atrophy and death due to excessive application amount. In addition, it is possible to achieve the required plant height by adjusting the spraying concentration, and it is also possible to adjust the spraying concentration according to the growth. However, since it is judged that the effect at the 0.1% concentration is somewhat insufficient, the concentration of the active oil is considered to be 0.3% or more as an appropriate blending concentration.

Various types of sprayed samples were prepared by the method shown in Example 3 (see Table 2) or Example 6 (see Table 3) while changing the type while fixing the concentration of the active oil at 5% (5 g blended). Moreover, in Example 6 (see also Examples 4 and 5), various spray samples were prepared using various fats and oils (the blending ratio was the same) instead of mineral oil.

In the following, using these samples, experiments were conducted to examine the types of active oils and the influence of diluent oils and fats. The target plants are 5 types shown in Table 7, and each 10 strains (plant height of about 10 cm) were used to conduct a spraying experiment in the same manner as in Examples 8 and 9. Table 7 shows the ratio (%) of the plant height average value of the treated area to the plant height average value of). The sample abbreviations in the table conform to Tables 2 and 3.

  Thus, all of the active oils A to D show remarkable effects, and it can be seen that the same effect is exhibited regardless of whether they are aqueous emulsion type or oil type. Furthermore, it is also clear that various fats and oils can be used as diluents in addition to mineral oil.

The roots of five types of plants (plant height of about 10 cm) shown in Table 7 in which the APM emulsified type sample containing 1 g (1%) of the active oil A prepared in Example 3 was planted at intervals of about 30 cm. The soil was sprayed at a rate of 200 mL per strain once every two weeks, and the plant height from the ground surface was measured for each strain 60 days later. A test was carried out for 10 strains of each plant, and the result was determined as a ratio (%) of the plant height average value of the treated group to the plant height average value of the control group (excluding active oil).

  As a result, Murasaki Hana: 63.5%, Mountain Mint: 67.1%, Zinnia: 58.9%, Okra: 66.9%, Peppers: 67.7%, and the composition of the present invention was found to be effective even when applied by soil application.

Using the sample of AOL3 (containing 3% of active oil A) prepared in Example 2 and SAO (containing 5% of active oil A) prepared in Example 10, in the same manner as in Example 7 or 8, The plants shown in Table 8 were subjected to a 6-week spraying test. The number of days required for the first flower bud formation for each strain was measured, and Table 8 shows the average value of the difference in required days between the control group (not including the active oil A) and the treated group (control group-treated group).

  Thus, it turns out that the composition of this invention also shows a flower bud formation acceleration | stimulation effect | action, and it turns out that it has the usefulness of enabling early harvest of flower buds and fruit vegetables.

  As described above, when sorbitan fatty acid ester and sucrose fatty acid ester are used as surfactants, good growth inhibitors can be obtained, but instead of these, other nonionic surfactants and anions described above are obtained. Even when an ionic surfactant was used, it was possible to prepare a composition having substantially the same properties and growth inhibitory activity.

  The composition according to the present invention can be used as a tanning agent and growth inhibitor for many plants in the fields of agriculture and horticulture, and can also be applied as a flowering promoter.

Claims (2)

  At least one selected from alpha-terpineol, beta-terpineol, gamma-terpineol, alpha-terpinyl acetate, beta-terpinyl acetate, gamma-terpinyl acetate, citral-a, citral-b If necessary, add an appropriate amount of a surfactant to the active oil composed of the above compound, and if necessary, use an oily mixture diluted with mineral oil or oil or a surfactant in water. A plant growth regulator composition, which is an emulsified dispersion prepared in the above manner. The plant growth regulator composition according to claim 1, comprising 0.3% or more of active oil.