JP2011037541A - Method of operating quay crane, and operation control system thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of operating a quay crane which achieves high safety and high loading efficiency by sharing information possessed by a worker performing release operation to release a container within a container ship, and a crane operator performing loading operation; and to provide an operation control system of the same. <P>SOLUTION: The method of operating the quay crane 3, which unloads the container 5 for maritime transportation from the container ship 2 onto the land, includes: the release operation step of releasing a fastening device 8 of the container 5 on the container ship; the input step of inputting information of the container 5 after releasing the fastening device 8, into a wireless communication terminal 10; the data storage step of sending the information to a container terminal control system 4 by radio; the receiving step in which the quay crane 3 for loading the container 5 receives the information from the container terminal control system 4 by an on-vehicle terminal 14; and the loading work step in which the quay crane 3 loads the container 5, based on the information. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a quay crane operation method and an operation control system for unloading a container from a container ship.

  Container terminals (also called container yards) such as harbors and inland areas handle containers between container ships and trailers using quay cranes and portal cranes. FIG. 3 shows an outline of the container terminal 1X.

  Hereinafter, a state in which the container 5 is handled at the container terminal 1X will be described. In this container terminal 1X, the container 5 loaded on the container ship 2 is first unloaded by the quay crane 3 and mounted on the trailer 26. Then, the trailer 26 loaded with the container 5 moves to the container placement area 27. Thereafter, the portal crane 25 lifts the container 5 from the trailer 26 and places it on the container placement area 27.

  The container 5 includes a normal container called a dry container 5D and a container having a heat retaining function called a reefer container 5R. The reefer container 5R is also called a frozen container, and is used for transporting frozen foods, vegetables, and the like, and keeps the inside warm by an external power source.

  The container placement area 27 includes a dry area 27D for placing the dry container 5D and a reefer area 27R for placing the reefer container 5R. A reefer stand 28 is installed in the reefer area 27R. The reefer stand 28 is provided with a power source for supplying electricity to the reefer container 5R.

  Next, a cargo handling operation for unloading the container 5 from the container ship 2 with the quay crane 3 will be described. FIG. 4 shows a state where the container 5 is loaded on the container ship 2. The containers 5 are arranged side by side on the hatch cover 21 on the upper deck of the container ship 2 and fixed and loaded by the lashing device 8. Specifically, the lashing device 8 includes a lashing rod 8a for lashing with a turnbuckle, a stacking cone (upper and lower connecting hardware) 8b, and the like. The lashing rod 8 a is a lashing device 8 that fixes the container 5 using the lashing bridge 22. In addition, the stacking cone 8b is a lashing device 8 that connects and fixes containers up and down.

  At the time of cargo handling work, a release work for removing the lashing device 8 is required. Further, when the container 5 is a reefer container 5R in particular, it is necessary to release the power cable connected to the power source of the container ship 2. These release operations are performed manually. In addition, about 4 to 5 workers are carrying out the release work for the cargo handling work of one quay crane 3.

  FIG. 5A shows a stacking cone (upper and lower connecting hardware) 8b. The stacking cone 8b is a hardware that is inserted into openings provided at four corners of the upper surface and the lower surface of the container 5 (reefer container 5R, dry container 5D, etc.) and connects the containers 5 to each other in the vertical direction. The lashing by the stacking cone 8b is performed by inserting the head 24 having an elliptical cross section into the opening of the container 5 having an elliptical shape as shown in the upper part of FIG. 5B. Then, as shown in the lower part of FIG. 5B, the head 24 inserted into the opening is rotated by operating the lever 23, and the head 24 is locked to the opening 29 by this rotation. . Similarly, when the lever 23 of the stacking cone 8b that is in the locked state is operated, the stacking cone 8b can be separated from the container 5. An operator operates the lever 23 to release the binding and collect the stacking cone 8b.

  By the way, it is desirable to minimize the berthing time of the container ship 2 from the viewpoint of improving the operation of the container terminal. Therefore, the release work is performed in parallel with the cargo handling work of the quay crane 3, and the container 5 is in a situation where the container 5 is handled immediately after releasing the lashing device 8 or the like.

  The reefer container 5R stores cargo that requires strict temperature control, such as frozen food. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the time from disconnecting the power cable on the container ship to connecting the power cable in the reefer area 27R within a specified time. In order to comply with this specified time, the power cable is disconnected on the container ship immediately before loading. In this way, the cargo handling operation of the quay crane 3 and the release operation by the worker are performed in parallel, thereby increasing the efficiency of the container terminal operation.

  However, when carrying out the cargo handling operation and the releasing operation in parallel, there are some problems. First, there is a problem that an accident occurs in which the quay crane 3 unloads the container 5 whose release of the lashing device 8 such as lashing is not completed. In such an accident, the crane 3 is in a state in which a plurality of containers 5 are lifted at a time, so that an overload acts on the crane structure and the mechanical device, causing damage.

  In addition, when the container 5 to be handled is the reefer container 5R, an accident occurs in which the power cable is disconnected. In many cases, the power cable disconnection accident makes it impossible to control the temperature of the reefer container 5R, damages the internal cargo, and forces the cargo to be discarded.

  Secondly, since it is difficult for the operator of the quay crane 3 to visually observe the worker performing the release work, there is a problem that the container 5 near the worker is unloaded and the worker is injured. is doing. In particular, if the time interval between the release work and the cargo handling work is reduced to increase efficiency, the possibility of this accident increases.

  On the other hand, a method for improving the efficiency by a control system installed in a container terminal has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Patent Document 1 describes a method of automating part of the operation of the quay crane 3 to reduce the work load on the crane operator and, as a result, improve the cargo handling efficiency.

  Patent Document 2 describes a method of instructing an operator of the portal crane 25 to the container 5 to be handled by a control system. By handling the container 5 according to this instruction, the container 5 can be efficiently handled in the container terminal.

  In other words, at the container terminal, for example, some containers may be transferred from one container ship to a different container ship, and the container to be transferred is placed near the quay where the destination container ship arrives. There is a need. Moreover, it is necessary to place the container conveyed outside the container terminal by the trailer near the exit of the container terminal. The location of the container is instructed by the control system, and the area where the cargo handling operation is performed is distributed to improve the cargo handling efficiency.

In FIG. 6, the concept of the operating method of the quay crane in the container terminal 1X which employ | adopted the control system of a prior art is shown. The container terminal 1X mainly includes a container ship 2 on which the container 5 is mounted, a quay crane 3 that handles the container 5, and a container terminal control system 4 that controls the operation of the container terminal 1X.

  Next, the operation method of the quay crane 3 in the container terminal 1X will be described. First, on the container ship 2, the worker 9 performs a release operation T for removing the power cable 6 of the reefer container 5R and the lashing device 8 (lashing rod 8a, stacking cone 8b, etc.) of the container 5. A cargo handling operation U is performed in which the containers 5, 5 </ b> D, and 5 </ b> R that have become ready for cargo handling by the release work T are unloaded by the quay crane 3.

  The quay crane 3 has an in-vehicle terminal (wireless terminal) 14 having a monitor screen. The in-vehicle terminal 14 is configured to perform data communication L2 from the container terminal control system 4 for an instruction of the cargo handling work U and the like. The quay crane 3 has a crane control device 15.

  In addition, the container terminal control system 4 that issues an instruction for cargo handling work to the quay crane 3 is configured by combining several management systems. For example, there is a combination of a yard plan computer system (hereinafter referred to as YPCS) 11 and a vessel plan module (VP) 12 and a yard plan module (hereinafter referred to as YP) 13.

  The function of each system will be described below. The yard plan computer system (YPCS) 11 manages information related to the container 5 online and in real time, and performs inventory management of the container 5 in the container yard 1X, planning of a handling schedule (scheduling of handling work), and the like. The YPCS 11 is a system that is the center of the container terminal control system 4.

  Further, the vessel plan module (VP) 12 holds container information (identification number, destination information, etc.) and position information, etc. in the container ship 2, and creates a schedule for cargo handling work of the container 5 based on this information. And instruct the quay crane 3. Based on this instruction, the crane operator identifies the container 5 to be unloaded and performs a cargo handling operation U.

  The yard plan module (YP) 13 holds container information and position information in the container yard. Based on this information, the yard plan module (YP) 13 creates a container placement plan, a container shift plan, and the like. To instruct.

  However, even when the container terminal control system 4 is used, it is difficult to maintain the fixing state of the lashing device 8 and the information on the attachment / detachment of the power plug of the reefer container 5R. The above-mentioned problem occurs when the cargo handling operation is performed simultaneously. That is, it is a problem that a quay crane handles a container that has not been released, or an accident occurs in which an operator who performs the release work is injured.

Special table 2004-520250 gazette JP 2004-189462 A

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described situation, and the purpose thereof is to share information held by a worker who releases a container in a container ship and a crane operator who performs a cargo handling operation, and has high safety. And it is providing the operation method of the quay crane with high cargo handling efficiency, and its operation control system.

  In order to achieve the above object, a quay crane operating method according to the present invention includes a quay crane operating method for unloading a container for marine transportation from a container ship to the land. A release operation step for releasing the container, an input step for inputting the information of the container for which the lashing device has been released to the wireless communication terminal, a data storage step for wirelessly transmitting the information to the container terminal control system, and a cargo handling operation for the container. The quay crane that performs the operation includes a reception step of receiving the information from the container terminal control system by an in-vehicle terminal, and a cargo handling operation step of handling the container by the quay crane based on the information.

  With this configuration, since the operator of the quay crane can know the release state of the lashing device in real time, it is possible to prevent an accident that unloads the container that has not released the lashing device. The release work step for releasing the container lashing device may be performed manually by an operator, or may be automatically performed by a control signal from a container ship, a quay crane, or a container terminal control system. .

  In order to achieve the above object, a quay crane operating method according to the present invention is a quay crane operating method for unloading a container for sea transportation from a container ship to the land. A release operation step for releasing the connection, an input step for inputting information of the container for which the connection of the power cable has been released to the wireless communication terminal, a data storage step for wirelessly transmitting the information to the container terminal control system, and the container A quay crane that performs cargo handling includes a receiving step of receiving the information from the container terminal control system by an in-vehicle terminal, and a cargo handling operation step of handling a container by the quay crane based on the information. To do.

  With this configuration, since the operator of the quay crane can know the release status of the power cable in real time, it is possible to prevent an accident that unloads the container that has not released the power cable. The release work step for releasing the connection of the power cable of the reefer container may be performed manually by an operator, and automatically performed by a control signal from a container ship, a quay crane, or a container terminal control system. Also good.

  In the operation method of the quay crane described above, when the quay crane is handling a container, the work of releasing the lashing device of the container to be handled, or the work of releasing the connection of the power cable of the reefer container, A judgment step for judging whether or not one or both of the release operations are completed and whether or not the cargo handling is possible, and when judging that the cargo handling is impossible in the judgment step, a cargo handling prohibition signal is sent to the crane control device of the quay crane. It has the prohibition control step which transmits and stops the handling operation of the said crane, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  This configuration makes it impossible for the quay crane to unload the container for which the lashing device or power cable has not been released. Can be prevented.

  Specifically, for example, a cargo handling prohibition signal is sent to a crane control device mounted on a quay crane, and control for prohibiting rotation of a connecting hardware (twist lock) that connects a container and a crane spreader (suspender) is performed. The container handling can be prohibited. Further, control for prohibiting the winding of the spreader may be performed.

  In order to achieve the above object, an operation control system for a quay crane according to the present invention is an operation control system for a quay crane that unloads a container for marine transportation from a container ship to the land, and fixes the container on the container ship. A wireless communication terminal that releases the binding device and inputs the information of the container from which the binding device is released, or releases the connection of the power cable of the reefer container and inputs the information of the container that releases the connection of the power cable; A container terminal control system that receives the information from the wireless communication terminal, an in-vehicle terminal that receives the information from the container terminal control system, and the quay crane based on the information of the in-vehicle terminal. It has the crane control apparatus which controls. With this configuration, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the above quay crane operation method.

  According to the quay crane operation method and the operation control system thereof according to the present invention, information held by a crane operator who performs a cargo handling operation is shared with an operator who releases a container in a container ship or inputs container information. The operation method of the quay crane with high safety | security and high cargo handling efficiency, and its operation control system can be provided.

It is the figure which showed the concept of the operating method of the quay crane of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the control flow of the quay crane of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the figure which showed the outline of the container terminal. It is the figure which showed a mode that the container was loaded on the container ship. It is the figure which showed the use condition of the hardware (stacking cone) which connects a container in an up-down direction. It is the figure which showed the concept of the operating method of the quay crane in the conventional container terminal.

  Below, the operation method of the wharf crane of the embodiment concerning the present invention, and its operation control system are explained, referring to drawings. In FIG. 1, the concept of the operating method of the quay crane of embodiment which concerns on this invention is shown.

  The container terminal 1 mainly includes a container ship 2 on which the container 5 is mounted, a quay crane 3 that handles the container 5, and a container terminal control system 4 that controls the operation of the container terminal 1.

  Next, a method for operating the quay crane 3 in the container terminal 1 will be described. First, on the container ship 2, the worker 9 performs a release operation T for removing the power cable 6 of the reefer container 5R and the lashing device 8 (lashing rod 8a, stacking cone 8b, etc.) of the container 5 (release operation step). . Next, the worker 9 inputs data K to the handheld terminal (handy terminal) 10 for information such as identification numbers and positions of the containers 5, 5D and 5R that can be handled by the release work T (input). Step).

  Next, data communication L is performed from the handy terminal 10 to the vessel plan module (VP) 12 constituting the container terminal control system 4 from the handy terminal 10 (data accumulation step). Next, the information of the container 5 held by the VP 12 is received by the in-vehicle terminal (wireless terminal with a monitor screen) 14 of the quay crane 3 (receiving step). Next, according to the instruction of the wireless terminal 14 with the monitor screen, the crane operator performs a cargo handling work U for unloading the container 5 (a cargo handling work step). Note that the data communication L can use wireless communication or wireless LAN, and it is desirable to always perform these data communication in both directions.

  Moreover, in the cargo handling work U by this quay crane 3, it is judged whether the container 5 used as the object of cargo handling is a state which can be handled (judgment step). When the container 5 is in a state where cargo handling is impossible, a cargo handling prohibition signal is transmitted to the quay crane 3 and control for stopping the crane's cargo handling operation is performed (prohibition control step).

  Here, the state where the cargo can be handled indicates the state of the container 5 in which the release operation T has been completed, and indicates that the removal of the lashing device 8 and the disconnection of the power cable 6 have been completed. This determination is made by comparing the information of the VP 12 and the position information of the crane spreader (hanging tool) obtained from the crane control device 15, and this determination is made by a wireless terminal (vehicle terminal) 14 with a monitor screen, a container terminal. The control system 4 or the crane control device 15 is used. As a result of this determination, when it is determined that cargo handling is impossible, the cargo handling prohibition signal is sent to the crane control device 15.

  The crane control device 15 controls all the operations of the quay crane 3. From the crane control device 15, the spreader winding operation and the rotation operation of the twist lock (connecting bracket) installed on the spreader are performed. Can be controlled. That is, even if the crane operator performs an operation for handling the container 5, the crane control device 15 can block the operation. Therefore, it is possible to control the container 5 that has not completed the release operation T so that it cannot be handled regardless of the operation of the crane operator.

  By the operation method of the quay crane 3 described above, the operator of the quay crane 3 can recognize the container 5 in which the release work T is completed in real time. Therefore, the release work T and the cargo handling work U can be performed simultaneously in parallel, and the cargo handling efficiency in the container terminal 1 can be greatly improved. In particular, since the time during which the heat retaining function of the reefer container 5R is stopped can be shortened, it is possible to improve the accuracy of cargo quality maintenance.

  Moreover, since the crane operator can grasp the progress status of the release work T by the worker 9, it is possible to prevent an accident that the container 5 and the worker 9 are in contact with each other.

  Furthermore, even when the crane operator mistakenly understands the instruction of the wireless terminal 14 with the monitor screen and tries to unload the container 5 for which the release operation T has not been completed, the control of the crane control device 15 is performed. Thus, cargo handling can be forcibly prohibited. Therefore, the occurrence of an accident associated with the cargo handling work U can be suppressed at a high level.

  In FIG. 2, the control flow in the operating method of the quay crane 3 is shown. First, the worker 9 performs a releasing operation T (a lashing device releasing step, a power cable releasing step), and inputs the identification number and position information of the released container 5 to the handy terminal 10 (input step).

  Next, information is transmitted from the handy terminal 10 to the container terminal control system 4 installed in the central management room of the container terminal 1 (data accumulation step).

Next, the in-vehicle terminal 14 of the quay crane 3 receives information on the container 5 from the container terminal control system 4 (receiving step). From the received information, it is determined whether or not the container 5 that is currently being handled is in a state that can be handled (determination step). If the container 5 subject to cargo handling is in a state in which cargo handling is not possible, the crane 3 waits until another possible container 5 is handled or is in a state in which cargo handling is possible. If the container 5 to be handled is in a state where cargo handling is possible, the cargo handling operation U is performed, and after completion, it is determined whether the container 5 to be handled next is in a state in which cargo handling is possible.

1 Container terminal (container yard)
2 Container ship 3 Quay crane 4 Container terminal control system 5 Container 5R Reefer container 5D Dry container 6 Power cable 8 Lashing device 8a Lashing rod 8b Stacking cone 9 Worker 10 Wireless communication terminal (handy terminal)
11 Yard Plan Computer System (YPCS)
12 Vessel Plan Module (VP)
13 Yard Plan Module (YP)
14 In-vehicle terminal (wireless terminal with monitor screen)
15 Crane control device T Release work U Cargo handling work

Claims (4)

In the operation method of a quay crane that unloads a container for marine transportation from a container ship to the land,
A release work step of releasing the container lashing device on the container ship;
An input step of inputting information of the container that has released the lashing device into a wireless communication terminal;
A data storage step of wirelessly transmitting the information to the container terminal control system;
A receiving step in which the quay crane that performs the cargo handling of the container receives the information from the container terminal control system by the in-vehicle terminal,
A method for operating a quay crane, comprising a cargo handling operation step of handling a container with the quay crane based on the information. In the operation method of a quay crane that unloads a container for marine transportation from a container ship to the land,
A release operation step of releasing the connection of the power cable of the reefer container on the container ship;
An input step of inputting information of the container that has released the connection of the power cable into the wireless communication terminal;
A data storage step of wirelessly transmitting the information to the container terminal control system;
A receiving step in which the quay crane that performs the cargo handling of the container receives the information from the container terminal control system by the in-vehicle terminal,
A method for operating a quay crane, comprising a cargo handling operation step of handling a container with the quay crane based on the information. When the quay crane handles a container, either one or both of the operations of releasing the lashing device of the container to be handled or releasing the connection of the power cable of the reefer container is performed. A determination step for determining whether it is completed and ready for handling;
2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a prohibition control step of transmitting a cargo handling prohibition signal to the crane control device of the quay crane and stopping the cargo handling operation of the crane when the judgment step determines that cargo handling is impossible. 2. A method for operating the quay crane according to 2. In the operation control system of a quay crane that unloads a container for marine transportation from a container ship to the land,
Release the lashing device of the container on the container ship, input the information of the container that has released the lashing device, or release the connection of the power cable of the reefer container and release the connection of the power cable. A wireless communication terminal for inputting information;
A container terminal control system for receiving the information from the wireless communication terminal;
The quay crane is an in-vehicle terminal that receives the information from the container terminal control system;
An operation control system for a quay crane, comprising a crane control device for controlling the quay crane based on the information of the in-vehicle terminal.

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