JP2011016366A - Image forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve image quality in an image forming apparatus for forming an image by means of an image forming station in which a structure integrally comprising a latent image carrier and a latent image carrier gear is attached to a cartridge body, by suppressing influence of eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear.SOLUTION: A phase detection projection on a photoreceptor gear passes a phase sensor, which in turn outputs a pulse signal to a phase measurement part. The phase detection projection is thus detected as a phase reference (Step S3), and a phase detection mark is formed (Step S4). Specifically, a plurality of phase detection marks are formed on an intermediate transfer belt over a length equal to or longer than the circumferential length of a photoreceptor drum. The phase detection marks are then detected by a mark detection sensor (Step S5). The phase measurement part computes phase data on the photoreceptor gear according to the detection signals.

Description

  The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus that forms an image using an image forming station in which a structure in which a latent image carrier and a latent image carrier gear are integrally formed is attached to a cartridge body, a gear eccentricity detecting device in the apparatus, and It is about the method.

  As an image forming apparatus using a line head in which light emitting elements such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) are arranged in a line, there is an image forming apparatus described in Patent Document 1, for example. In this apparatus, a latent image carrier such as a photosensitive drum is rotationally driven in the sub-scanning direction. A line head is disposed opposite to the photosensitive drum. In this line head, a plurality of light emitting elements are arranged in a line in the main scanning direction substantially orthogonal to the sub-scanning direction, and ON / OFF control is performed according to the image signal. As a result, a line latent image corresponding to the image signal is formed on the photosensitive drum. In this way, a line latent image is written by driving the light emitting element for each image signal for one line while rotating the photosensitive drum. As a result, a two-dimensional latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum. The two-dimensional latent image is developed with toner to form an image.

  In addition, there is a configuration in which a line head is configured by a plurality of organic EL (electroluminescence) elements (Patent Document 2). In this line head, a plurality of organic EL elements are arranged in a row (two rows in a staggered manner) in the main scanning direction substantially orthogonal to the sub-scanning direction, and ON / OFF control is performed according to the image signal. As a result, a line latent image corresponding to the image signal is formed on the photosensitive drum.

JP-A-6-177431 (FIGS. 9 and 10) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-19826 (FIGS. 1, 7, and 8)

  In order to rotationally drive the latent image carrier such as the photosensitive drum in this way, the latent image carrier gear is integrally formed on the latent image carrier, and this structure is attached to the cartridge body to form a cartridge. . This cartridge is configured to be detachable from the apparatus main body. Then, with the cartridge mounted, the rotational driving force of the motor provided on the apparatus main body side is transmitted to the latent image carrier via the latent image carrier gear, and the latent image carrier rotates in the sub-scanning direction. Accordingly, the rotational speed of the latent image carrier may periodically vary due to the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear, and this periodic variation is one of the causes of image quality degradation. However, conventionally, a technique for accurately detecting the eccentric characteristic of the latent image carrier gear has not been established. Further, in the conventional image forming apparatus, sufficient investigation has not been made on the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear, and there is room for improvement in image quality.

  A so-called tandem color image forming apparatus is known as an apparatus for forming a color image. In this image forming apparatus, a plurality of image forming stations that form toner images of different colors are arranged along the moving direction of a transfer medium such as an intermediate transfer belt. In each image forming station, as described above, the latent image carrier is rotated by applying a rotational driving force via the latent image carrier gear, and the line latent image is placed on the latent image carrier by the line head. It is formed. Further, the toner images formed on the latent image carriers are superimposed on the transfer medium to form a color image. In such an apparatus, the rotational phase relationship in each latent image carrier is adjusted, thereby suppressing periodic color misregistration and improving image quality. By the way, in this apparatus, the color misregistration correction is performed on the assumption that the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gears is the same between the image forming stations. Therefore, when the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gears is different from each other, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained, resulting in a reduction in image quality. Further, when each image forming station is made into a cartridge, the latent image carrier gear is directly connected to the rotation shaft of the latent image carrier and integrated, so that the above phase adjustment cannot be performed. .

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and forms an image using an image forming station in which a structure in which a latent image carrier and a latent image carrier gear are integrally formed is attached to a cartridge body. The purpose of the present invention is to improve the image quality by suppressing the influence of the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear.

  The gear eccentricity detecting device according to the present invention is provided in an image forming apparatus configured as follows, and the gear eccentricity detecting method according to the present invention is a method for detecting a latent image carrier gear generated in the image forming apparatus. It detects the eccentricity characteristics. That is, in the image forming apparatus related to these inventions, an image forming station in which a structure in which a latent image carrier and a latent image carrier gear are integrally configured is attached to a cartridge body is mounted on the apparatus body. The rotational driving force of the motor provided on the main body side is transmitted to the latent image carrier via the latent image carrier gear, and the latent image carrier is rotated in the sub scanning direction while being moved in the sub scanning direction. Forming an image by writing a line latent image extending in the main scanning direction substantially perpendicular to the image and developing the latent image with toner. In these inventions, the above object is achieved by the following configuration.

  A gear eccentricity detection device according to the present invention includes a phase sensor that detects a phase detection reference portion formed on a latent image carrier gear and outputs a signal, and at least a latent image carrier based on an output signal from the phase sensor. A detection sensor for detecting a plurality of phase detection marks formed while being separated from each other in the sub-scanning direction over a length equal to or greater than the circumference, and a latent image carrier gear based on an output signal from the detection sensor And a phase detector that obtains phase data indicating the eccentricity characteristic. Further, the gear eccentricity detection method according to the present invention includes a step of preparing a gear having a phase detection reference portion provided as a part thereof as a latent image carrier gear, and a latent image rotating and moving in the sub-scanning direction. Detecting the phase detection reference portion of the carrier gear, and detecting a plurality of phases while being separated from each other in the sub-scanning direction over at least the circumference of the latent image carrier based on the detection of the phase detection reference portion And a step of detecting a plurality of phase detection marks and detecting an eccentricity characteristic of the latent image carrier gear based on the detection result.

  In these inventions (gear eccentricity detection apparatus and method), the phase detection reference portion is formed on the latent image carrier gear, and the phase detection reference portion is detected while the latent image carrier rotates. The Then, with this detection as a reference, a plurality of phase detection marks are formed while being separated from each other in the sub-scanning direction over at least the circumference of the latent image carrier. Here, when there is no eccentricity in the latent image carrier gear, it is formed at a predetermined ideal position as will be described in detail later. However, when there is an eccentricity, the position where each phase detection mark is formed deviates from the ideal position. Therefore, by analyzing the detection result of the phase detection mark, the eccentricity characteristic of the latent image carrier gear can be accurately detected.

  In the image forming apparatus equipped with the gear eccentricity detection device according to the present invention, the line writing image on the latent image carrier is controlled by controlling the image writing unit based on the phase data detected as described above. The writing position is adjusted and the influence of the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear can be suppressed. As a result, the image quality can be improved.

The figure which shows the relationship between the measurement position of a phase detection mark, and an ideal position. The graph which shows the position error from the ideal position of the mark for phase detection accompanying eccentricity of a latent image carrier gear. The figure which shows the fluctuation | variation of the pitch of the mark for phase detection accompanying eccentricity of a latent image carrier gear. The figure which shows the period of the synchronizing signal suitable in order to suppress eccentricity of a latent image carrier gear. The graph which shows the position error from the ideal position of the mark for phase detection formed in synchronization with the synchronizing signal shown in FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention. The perspective view which shows the image forming station with which FIG. 6 is equipped. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement relationship between an intermediate transfer belt and photosensitive drums of respective colors. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a main electrical configuration of the image forming apparatus in FIG. 6. The figure which shows the structure of a line head. The figure which shows the correction table which consists of correction data for correct | amending a synchronizing signal. The figure which shows an example of correction data. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation for adjusting a writing position of a latent image on a photosensitive drum. The flowchart which shows the operation | movement in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The schematic perspective view of the line head using an organic EL element. The block diagram which shows the main electric structures of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the structure of the line head in 4th Embodiment.

  In the image forming apparatus, in order to rotationally drive a latent image carrier such as a photosensitive drum, the latent image carrier and the latent image carrier gear are integrally formed, and this structure is attached to the cartridge body to form a cartridge. May be used. In the apparatus configured in this way, it is affected by the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear. Therefore, the inventor of the present application considered the influence of the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear, and examined a specific embodiment for suppressing the influence. In the following, embodiments of the present invention will be described after describing the effects of the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear and considerations regarding countermeasures.

A. Effects and countermeasures of the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear The influence of the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear appears in the rotation speed of the latent image carrier. More specifically, the rotational speed fluctuates periodically. As a result, the position of the actually formed image deviates from a predesigned position, so-called ideal position, and the image quality is degraded. In order to clarify this point, a case where a plurality of phase detection marks are formed at equal intervals over the circumference of the latent image carrier will be considered.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the measured position of the phase detection mark and the ideal position when the latent image carrier gear is decentered. Here, a rectangular phase detection mark having a length of 7 mm in the main scanning direction x and a length of 1 mm in the sub-scanning direction y based on a synchronization signal output at a constant cycle (standard cycle) is an intermediate transfer belt. Formed on the transfer medium 16. Further, since the circumference of the latent image carrier used here is about 78 mm, 27 phase detection marks MK (1), MK (2),..., MK (27) are set to 2 mm in the sub-scanning direction y. Formed at intervals. When the latent image carrier gear is not decentered, the phase detection marks MK (1), MK (2),... Are formed at so-called ideal positions, and the interval between adjacent marks is constant. Become. However, in the actual apparatus, the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear is unavoidable, and the phase detection mark may be formed at a position shifted from the ideal position by a positional error as shown in FIG. . Further, when the fluctuation of the position error is considered on the basis of the interval of the synchronization signal, it means that the interval of the synchronization signal, that is, the synchronization period varies due to the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear. These position errors can be detected by detecting the phase detection marks MK (1), MK (2),... By the mark detection sensor 18 and analyzing the mark detection signal output from the sensor 18. An example of the detection result is the graph shown in FIG.

  FIG. 2 is a graph showing the position error from the ideal position of the phase detection mark accompanying the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear. In the figure, for the first mark MK (1), the ideal position and the measured position are made to coincide, and the position errors (= ideal position−measured position) for the other marks MK (2) to MK (27). Seeking. Then, the position error of each of the marks MK (2) to MK (27) was plotted according to the distance from the mark MK (1) on the transfer medium. As can be seen from the figure, the eccentricity characteristic of the latent image carrier gear can be specified by the amplitude and the phase. That is, in the actual measurement example shown in the figure, the average value of the position error is about (−42 μm), the amplitude is about 40 μm, and the phase (phase angle) in terms of angle is about 235 °. Thus, the eccentricity characteristic of the latent image carrier gear can be specified by the amplitude and the phase angle. When this eccentricity characteristic is examined in more detail, the following can be understood from the eccentricity characteristic of FIG. That is, in a region where the distance from the mark MK (1) is short (distance: 0 to 20 mm), the position error gradually increases. As shown in FIG. 1B, the mark pitches P12, P23, P34, … Is getting bigger. In the next area (distance: 20 to 40 mm), the fluctuation of the position error becomes small, and the mark pitch becomes the standard pitch in the vicinity of the maximum amplitude position (distance: about 30 mm). Is also getting smaller. After that, it is the same as above. As is clear from these facts, the positional relationship between adjacent marks is clarified by converting the eccentricity characteristics of FIG. 2 into pitch characteristics. That is, a pitch characteristic is obtained by performing a differentiation process on the eccentric characteristic in FIG. 2 (curve in FIG. 3). In addition, the straight line in the figure is a standard pitch.

  As described above, since the pitch of the marks MK (1), MK (2),... Changes due to the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear, the inventor of the present application has devised control according to the change. That is, the inventor of the present application has obtained the knowledge that the eccentricity of the latent image carrier gear can be canceled and the position error can be suppressed by controlling the period of the synchronization signal in the direction opposite to the change. More specifically, the period of the synchronizing signal was changed with a characteristic (curve in FIG. 4) in which the pitch characteristic was inverted. Then, the phase detection marks MK (1) to MK (27) were formed while changing the period of the synchronization signal with the characteristics shown by the curve in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the position error could be greatly suppressed.

  Therefore, in the present invention, phase data (amplitude and phase angle) indicating the eccentricity characteristic of the latent image carrier gear is detected, and the period of the synchronization signal is corrected based on the phase data, thereby causing the latent image carrier The image writing position is adjusted to improve the image quality. Hereinafter, the contents of the present invention will be described in more detail by showing specific embodiments.

B. First Embodiment FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of an image forming apparatus according to the present invention. The apparatus 1 includes a color printing process for forming a full color image by superposing four color toners (developers) of black (K), cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y), and black (K ) To selectively execute monochromatic printing processing for forming a monochrome image using only toner. In this image forming apparatus 1, when an image forming command (printing command) is given to a main controller (not shown) from an external device such as a host computer, an engine controller (not shown) is operated in accordance with the command from the main controller. Each part EG is controlled to execute a predetermined image forming operation, and an image corresponding to the image forming command is formed on a sheet (recording material) S such as a copy sheet, a transfer sheet, a sheet, and an OHP transparent sheet.

  6, an image forming apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a housing main body (apparatus main body) 2, a first opening / closing member 3 that is attached to the front surface of the housing main body 2 (right-hand side surface in the same figure) so as to be opened and closed, A second opening / closing member (also serving as a paper discharge tray) 4 is mounted on the upper surface of the housing body 2 so as to be freely opened and closed. The first opening / closing member 3 is provided with an opening / closing lid 3 a that can be opened and closed on the front surface of the housing body 2. The opening / closing lid 3a can be opened / closed in conjunction with or independently of the first opening / closing member 3.

  In the housing main body 2, an electrical component box 5 containing a power circuit board, a main controller, and an engine controller is provided. An image forming unit 6, a transfer belt unit 9, and a paper feed unit 10 are also disposed in the housing body 2. On the other hand, a fixing unit 12 is disposed on the first opening / closing member 3 side. In this embodiment, the consumables in the image forming unit 6 and the paper feeding unit 10 are configured to be detachable from the housing body 2. The consumables and the transfer belt unit 9 can be removed and repaired or exchanged.

  The transfer belt unit 9 is stretched between the two rollers 14 and 15, a driving roller 14 disposed below the housing body 2, a driven roller 15 disposed obliquely above the driving roller 14. And an intermediate transfer belt 16 that is circulated and driven in the direction indicated by an arrow D16, and a belt cleaner 17 that is in contact with the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 16. The driven roller 15 is disposed obliquely above the drive roller 14 (upward on the left hand in FIG. 6). For this reason, the intermediate transfer belt 16 rotates and moves in the direction D16 while being inclined. Further, the belt surface 16a in which the belt conveyance direction D16 when the intermediate transfer belt 16 is driven is downward (right downward in FIG. 6) is located below. In the present embodiment, the belt surface 16a is a belt tension surface (surface pulled by the drive roller 14) when the belt is driven, and the peripheral speed is lower than the peripheral speed of the photosensitive drum (image carrier) 20 of each color. have. In this way, by setting the peripheral speed of the intermediate transfer belt 16 to be slower than the peripheral speed of each photosensitive drum 20, the photosensitive drum 20 is pulled by the intermediate transfer belt 16 in a direction that suppresses rotation. Driving.

  The drive roller 14 also serves as a backup roller for the secondary transfer roller 19. A rubber layer having a thickness of about 3 mm and a volume resistivity of 100 kΩ · cm or less is formed on the peripheral surface of the drive roller 14, and secondary transfer is omitted by grounding through a metal shaft. A conductive path of the secondary transfer bias supplied from the bias generation unit via the secondary transfer roller 19 is used. Thus, by providing the driving roller 14 with a rubber layer having high friction and shock absorption, it is difficult for the impact when the sheet S enters the secondary transfer portion to be transmitted to the intermediate transfer belt 16, and deterioration of image quality is prevented. can do.

  In the present embodiment, the diameter of the driving roller 14 is smaller than the diameter of the driven roller 15. Thereby, the sheet S after the secondary transfer can be easily peeled by the elastic force of the sheet S itself. The driven roller 15 is also used as a backup roller for the belt cleaner 17. The belt cleaner 17 is provided on the side of the belt surface 16a facing downward in the transport direction, and includes a cleaning blade 17a that removes residual toner and a toner transport member that transports the removed toner, as shown in FIG. Yes. The cleaning blade 17a contacts the intermediate transfer belt 16 at a portion where the intermediate transfer belt 16 is wound around the driven roller 15, and cleans and removes toner remaining on the surface of the intermediate transfer belt 16 after the secondary transfer.

  The driving roller 14 and the driven roller 15 are rotatably supported by a support frame (not shown) of the transfer belt unit 9. Further, a primary transfer roller 21 is provided on the back surface of the belt surface 16a facing downward in the transport direction of the intermediate transfer belt 16 so as to face the photosensitive drum 20 of each image forming station Y, M, C, K described later. . These four primary transfer rollers 21 are rotatably supported with respect to the support frame, and are electrically connected to a primary transfer bias generator (not shown), and generate the primary transfer bias at an appropriate timing. A primary transfer bias is applied from the portion.

  The support frame is rotatable with respect to the housing body 2 around the drive roller 14 as a rotation center. Then, by actuating an actuator (not shown), the support frame is rotated to face the photosensitive drums 20 of the yellow (Y), magenta (M), and cyan (C) image forming stations Y, M, and C. The primary transfer roller 21 arranged in this manner approaches the photosensitive drum 20 and moves away from the photosensitive drum 20. For this reason, when the primary transfer rollers 21 for yellow, magenta, and cyan are moved closer to the photosensitive drum 20, they are brought into contact with the photosensitive drum 20 with the intermediate transfer belt 16 interposed therebetween (solid line in FIG. 6). This contact position is the primary transfer position, and the toner image is transferred to the intermediate transfer belt 16 at the primary transfer position. Conversely, when the primary transfer rollers 21 for yellow, magenta, and cyan move away from the photosensitive drum 20, the photosensitive drum 20 and the intermediate transfer belt 16 of the image forming stations Y, M, and C are separated from each other (FIG. (Dashed line in 6). On the other hand, the primary transfer roller 21 disposed facing the photosensitive drum 20 of the black (K) image forming station K rotates while being in contact with the photosensitive drum 20 with the intermediate transfer belt 16 interposed therebetween. Is configured to do. Therefore, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6, the color printing process can be executed by positioning all the primary transfer rollers 21 on the photosensitive drum 20 side. On the other hand, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 5, the intermediate transfer belt is executed while only the monochrome printing process is performed by leaving the primary transfer roller 21 for black and separating the other primary transfer roller 21 from the photosensitive drum 20. 16 is separated from the image forming stations Y, M, and C, and yellow, magenta, and cyan colors can be set to a non-printing state. Note that the primary transfer roller 21 for black may also be configured to move away from the photosensitive drum 20 as necessary.

  A mark detection sensor 18 is installed on the support frame of the transfer belt unit 9 in the vicinity of the driving roller 14. The mark detection sensor 18 is a sensor for positioning each color toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 16, detecting the density of each color toner image, and correcting the color shift and image density of each color image. Further, when obtaining phase data of a latent image carrier gear such as a photoconductor gear as will be described later, the sensor 18 detects a phase detection mark formed on the intermediate transfer belt (transfer medium) 16.

  The image forming unit 6 includes image forming stations Y (for yellow), M (for magenta), C (for cyan), and K (for black) that form a plurality (four in this embodiment) of different color images. I have. Each of the image forming stations Y, M, C, and K is provided with a photosensitive drum 20 corresponding to the “latent image carrier” of the present invention. A charging unit 22, an image writing unit 23, a developing unit 24, and a photoconductor cleaner 25 are disposed around each photoconductor drum 20. Then, a charging operation, a latent image forming operation, and a toner developing operation are executed by these functional units. In FIG. 6, since the image forming stations of the image forming unit 6 have the same configuration, for convenience of illustration, only some of the image forming stations are denoted by reference numerals, and the other image forming stations are omitted. . Further, the arrangement order of the image forming stations Y, M, C, and K is arbitrary. Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, in each of the image forming stations Y, M, C, and K, the above-described components are attached to the cartridge main body 32 to form a cartridge, and the stations Y, M, C, and Each K is detachable from the housing body 2 as a cartridge.

  When the image forming stations Y, M, C, and K are mounted on the housing body 2, the photosensitive drum 20 is disposed so as to be in contact with the belt surface 16a facing downward in the transport direction of the intermediate transfer belt 16 at the primary transfer position TR1. Has been. As a result, the image forming stations Y, M, C, and K are also arranged in a direction inclined to the left in the drawing with respect to the driving roller 14.

  The charging unit 22 includes a charging roller whose surface is made of elastic rubber. The charging roller is configured to be driven to rotate in contact with the surface of the photosensitive drum 20 at a charging position, and at a peripheral speed in the driven direction with respect to the photosensitive drum 20 as the photosensitive drum 20 rotates. Followed rotation. The charging roller is connected to a charging bias generator (not shown), and receives the charging bias from the charging bias generator to charge the surface of the photosensitive drum 20 at the charging position.

  The image writing unit 23 includes a line head in which light emitting elements such as a liquid crystal shutter including a light emitting diode and a backlight are arranged in a line in the axial direction of the photosensitive drum 20 (direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 6). It is used and spaced apart from the photosensitive drum 20. Further, the line head has a shorter optical path length and is more compact than the laser scanning optical system. Therefore, it can be disposed close to the photosensitive drum 20 and has the advantage that the entire apparatus can be downsized. The configuration and drive control of the line head will be described in detail later.

  Next, details of the developing unit 24 will be described on behalf of the image forming station K. The developing unit 24 includes a toner storage container 26 for storing toner, two toner agitation supply members 28 and 29 disposed in the toner storage container 26, and a partition member disposed in proximity to the toner agitation supply member 29. 30, a toner supply roller 31 disposed above the partition member 30, a developing roller 33 that contacts the toner supply roller 31 and the photosensitive drum 20 and rotates in a direction indicated by an arrow at a predetermined peripheral speed, and a developing roller And a regulating blade 34 abutting on the bearing 33.

  In each developing unit 24, the toner stirred and carried by the toner stirring supply member 29 is supplied to the toner supply roller 31 along the upper surface of the partition member 30. The toner thus supplied is supplied to the surface of the developing roller 33 via the supply roller 31. The toner supplied to the developing roller 33 is regulated to a predetermined layer thickness by the regulating blade 34 and is conveyed to the photosensitive drum 20. The charged toner is developed at a developing position where the developing roller 33 and the photosensitive drum 20 come into contact with each other by a developing bias applied to the developing roller 33 from a developing bias generator (not shown) electrically connected to the developing roller 33. Moves from the developing roller 33 to the photosensitive drum 20, and the electrostatic latent image formed by the image writing unit 23 is visualized.

  In this embodiment, a photoreceptor cleaner 25 is provided in contact with the surface of the photoreceptor drum 20 on the downstream side of the primary transfer position TR1 in the rotation direction D20 of the photoreceptor drum 20. The photoconductor cleaner 25 is in contact with the surface of the photoconductor drum 20 to remove the toner remaining on the surface of the photoconductor drum 20 after the primary transfer.

  The sheet feeding unit 10 includes a sheet feeding unit including a sheet feeding cassette 35 in which sheets S are stacked and held, and a pickup roller 36 that feeds the sheets S from the sheet feeding cassette 35 one by one. In the first opening / closing member 3, a registration roller pair 37 that defines the timing of feeding the sheet S to the secondary transfer region TR 2, and a secondary transfer unit that is pressed against the drive roller 14 and the intermediate transfer belt 16. A secondary transfer roller 19, a fixing unit 12, a paper discharge roller pair 39, and a duplex printing conveyance path 40 are provided.

  The secondary transfer roller 19 is provided so as to be able to come into contact with and separate from the intermediate transfer belt 16 and is driven to come into contact with and separate from a secondary transfer roller drive mechanism (not shown). The fixing unit 12 includes a heating roller 45 that includes a heating element such as a halogen heater and is rotatable, and a pressure roller 46 that presses and biases the heating roller 45. The image secondarily transferred to the sheet S is fixed to the sheet S at a predetermined temperature at a nip formed by the heating roller 45 and the pressure roller 46. In the present embodiment, the fixing unit 12 can be disposed in a space formed obliquely above the intermediate transfer belt 16, in other words, in a space opposite to the image forming unit 6 with respect to the intermediate transfer belt 16. Thus, heat transfer to the electrical component box 5, the image forming unit 6, and the intermediate transfer belt 16 can be reduced, and the frequency of performing the color misregistration correction operation for each color can be reduced.

  Further, the sheet S thus subjected to the fixing process is conveyed to a second opening / closing member (discharge tray) 4 provided on the upper surface portion of the housing body 2 via the discharge roller pair 39. Further, when images are formed on both sides of the sheet S, when the rear end portion of the sheet S on which the image is formed on one side as described above is conveyed to the reverse position behind the pair of discharge rollers 39. The rotation direction of the discharge roller pair 39 is reversed, whereby the sheet S is conveyed along the duplex printing conveyance path 40. Then, it is put on the conveyance path again before the registration roller pair 37. At this time, the surface of the sheet S to which the image is transferred by contacting the intermediate transfer belt 16 in the secondary transfer region TR2 is transferred first. It is the opposite side of the surface that was made. In this way, images can be formed on both sides of the sheet S.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the intermediate transfer belt and the photosensitive drums of the respective colors. In the image forming apparatus 1 according to this embodiment, the photosensitive drums 20 for four colors are provided. However, the driving motor 50K for rotating the photosensitive drum 20K for black, and yellow, magenta, and cyan are used. A drive motor 50CL for rotationally driving the photosensitive drums 20Y, 20M, and 20C is provided. A motor pinion 51K is attached to the rotation shaft of the drive motor 50K, and an idler gear 52K is meshed with the motor pinion 51K. Further, another idler gear 53K is meshed with the idler gear 52K. An idler gear 54K is mounted coaxially with the idler gear 53K. When the rotational driving force of the drive motor 50K is transmitted to the idler gear 53K via the motor pinion 51K and the idler gear 52K, the idler gears 53K and 54K rotate integrally. The motor 50K, the motor pinion 51K, and the gears 52K to 54K are fixedly disposed on the housing body 2. In contrast, the photoconductor gear 55K is movable together with the black image forming station K. That is, in the image forming station K, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the photoconductor gear 55K is attached at the end of the photoconductor drum 20K coaxially with the rotating shaft of the photoconductor drum 20K. When the image forming station K is mounted on the housing main body 2, the photoconductor gear 55K meshes with the idler gear 54K. Therefore, by controlling the drive motor 50K, the rotational driving force generated by the motor 50K is applied to the photosensitive drum 20K, and the photosensitive drum 20K is rotationally driven in the sub-scanning direction D20.

  On the other hand, a motor pinion 51CL is attached to the drive motor 50CL, and an idler gear 52CL is meshed with the motor pinion 51CL. The idler gear 53A is meshed with the idler gear 52CL on the black side (lower right side in FIG. 8) of the idler gear 52CL, and the idler gear 53B is meshed with the idler gear 52CL on the magenta side (upper left side in FIG. 8). ing. An idler gear 54C is coaxially attached to one idler gear 53A. An idler gear 54M is coaxially attached to the other idler gear 53B, and an idler gear 53C is meshed with the idler gear 53B on the yellow side (the upper left side in FIG. 8) of the idler gear 53B. Further, another idler gear 53D is meshed with the idler gear 53C. An idler gear 54Y is coaxially attached to the idler gear 35D. In this way, by forming a train wheel by combining a plurality of gears, the rotational driving force of the drive motor 50CL is simultaneously transmitted to the idler gears 54Y, 54M, and 54C. The motor 50CL, the motor pinion 51CL, and the gear group are also fixedly arranged on the housing body 2 in the same manner as the black side. Further, the yellow, magenta, and cyan photoconductor gears 55Y, 55M, and 55C can be moved together with the image forming stations Y, M, and C similarly to the black side. As described above, in this embodiment, the photoconductor gears 55Y, 55M, 55C, and 55K are directly connected to the photoconductor drums (latent image carriers) 20Y, 20M, 20C, and 20K, respectively. It corresponds to “Body Gear”. Further, the structure in which the photosensitive drum 20 and the photosensitive gear 55 are integrally formed is attached to the cartridge main body 32 as described above to form a cartridge.

  In this embodiment, the photoconductor gear 55 directly connected to the rotation shaft of the photoconductor drum 20 has a smaller diameter than the diameter of the photoconductor drum 20 (20Y, 20M, 20C, 20K), and its outer peripheral portion. A phase detection projection 56 is provided as a phase reference. When the image forming station (Y, M, C, K) is mounted on the housing body 2 as described above, the phase sensor 57 (57Y, 57M, 57C, 57K) fixedly disposed on the housing body 2 is used. It can be detected. Thus, in the present embodiment, the phase detection protrusion 56 functions as the “phase detection reference portion” of the present invention. However, the phase detection reference portion is not limited to the protrusion shape, and for example, a recess may be provided in a part of the photoconductor gear 55 and the recess may function as the phase detection reference portion.

  Each phase sensor 57 receives a light projecting portion that irradiates light toward the rotation locus of the phase detection projection 56 of the photoconductor gear 55 and the light reflected by the phase detection projection 56 and corresponds to the received light amount. And a light receiving section for outputting the signal. For this reason, every time the phase detection projection 56 provided on the photoconductor gear 55 passes through the phase sensor 57, a pulse signal is output to a phase measurement unit provided in the engine controller described below.

  FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the main electrical configuration of the image forming apparatus of FIG. In the apparatus 1, a main controller 51 and an engine controller 52 are provided. The main controller 51 includes a CPU 511, an image data memory 512, and an exposure control unit 513. In the main controller 51, when an image forming command (printing command) is given from an external device such as a host computer, the CPU 511 gives a control signal corresponding to the image forming command to the engine controller 52 and is included in the image forming command. The stored image data is temporarily stored in the image data memory 512. Further, the exposure control unit 513 receives a synchronization signal Hsync whose period has been corrected as will be described later, and gives the image signal VSG to the image writing unit 23 at a timing according to the synchronization signal Hsync.

  The engine controller 52 includes a CPU 521, a phase measuring unit 522, and a memory 523. Among these components, the CPU 521 controls each part of the engine unit EG in accordance with a command from the CPU 511 of the main controller 51 and executes a predetermined image forming operation. As part of this, the CPU 521 outputs a strobe signal STB to each image writing unit 23 at an appropriate timing to cause the light emitting elements constituting the line head to emit light. In this way, the plurality of light emitting elements are driven almost simultaneously, and the line latent image is written on the photosensitive drum 20. That is, in the line head 231 of each image writing unit 23, as shown in FIG. 10, the plurality of light emitting elements 232 are main-scanned substantially orthogonal to the rotation direction D20 (FIG. 6) of the photosensitive drum 20, that is, the sub-scanning direction. They are arranged in a row in the direction X. The line head 231 is provided with a shift register circuit 233, a latch circuit 234, and an AND circuit 235. The shift register circuit 233 receives an image signal VSG for one line from the exposure control unit 513 in accordance with a clock signal (not shown). The latch circuit 234 takes in the image signal VSG from the shift register circuit 233 according to the latch signal. The AND circuit 235 outputs the image signal VSG to the light emitting element 232 when the strobe signal STB is given from the CPU 521. Therefore, the light emitting elements 232 corresponding to the image signal VSG simultaneously emit light, and a line latent image corresponding to the image signal VSG for one line is formed on the photosensitive drum 20. As described above, in this embodiment, the writing timing of the line latent image can be controlled by controlling the output timing of the image signal VSG from the exposure control unit 513 or the output timing of the strobe signal STB from the CPU 521. Thus, in this embodiment, the CPU 521 functions as the “timing control unit” of the present invention.

  Returning to FIG. 9, the description will be continued. The CPU 521 is electrically connected to non-volatile memories 61Y, 61M, 61C, 61K provided in the image forming stations Y, M, C, K. That is, each of the memories 61Y, 61M, 61C, 61K is fixed to the side surface of the cartridge main body 32 as shown in FIG. 7, and stores information about the station (including phase data of the photoconductor gear 55). . By mounting the station on the housing body 2, information can be transmitted between the memories 61Y, 61M, 61C, 61K and the CPU 521. The electrical connection method between the memories 61Y, 61M, 61C and 61K and the CPU 521 may be a contact method or a wireless method. This also applies to the electrical connection between the CPU 521 and the exposure control unit 513 and each image writing unit 23.

  Further, the phase measuring unit 522 is electrically connected to each phase sensor 57 (57Y, 57M, 57C, 57K) as described above, and can receive the detection signal output from each phase sensor 57. . The phase measurement unit 522 is also electrically connected to the mark detection sensor 18 and can receive an output signal from the sensor 18. Thus, based on the output signals from the two types of sensors, the phase measuring unit 522 detects phase data (amplitude and phase angle) related to the eccentricity of the photoconductor gear 55 and outputs it to the CPU 521. Thus, in this embodiment, the phase measurement unit 522 functions as the “phase detection unit” of the present invention.

  Further, the non-volatile memory 523 stores control data for controlling the engine unit EG, and temporarily stores calculation results in the CPU 521 and other data. As one of the stored contents, correction data for periodically correcting the synchronization signal Hsync is stored in the memory 523 as a correction table in association with the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55, and functions as the “storage means” of the present invention. is doing. That is, in this memory 523, as shown in FIG. 11, correction values (amplitude, phase angle) determined by the amplitude and phase angle constituting the phase data are stored in a data table format. Each of these correction values (amplitude, phase angle) indicates the period of the synchronization signal Hsync output while the photosensitive drum 20 makes one revolution. For example, correction data shown in FIG. 12 as correction values (40, 210). Can be set. Thereby, the writing position of the latent image on the photosensitive drum (latent image carrier) 20 is adjusted to improve the image quality. The operation of the image forming apparatus shown in FIG. 6 will be described below with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the operation for adjusting the writing position of the latent image on the photosensitive drum. In this embodiment, when an image forming command (printing command) is given to the main controller 51 from an external device such as a host computer, correction data is obtained based on the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 for each toner color before image formation. Loaded. Then, an image signal is given to the line head 231 in synchronization with a synchronization signal output in a cycle based on the correction data, and image formation is executed. Therefore, it is necessary to preset the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 for each of the stations Y, M, C, and K mounted on the housing body 2. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is determined whether or not the station is a new cartridge (step S1). When the cartridge is a new cartridge, the phase data calculation process described below is executed, that is, the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 installed in the station is obtained and stored in the nonvolatile memory 61 ( Steps S2 to S8). On the other hand, for a station for which phase data has already been obtained, the process proceeds to step S9 without performing phase data calculation processing.

  In step S2 of the phase data calculation process, the motor corresponding to the image forming station determined to be a new cartridge is driven and rotation of the photosensitive drum 20 constituting the station is started. For example, when it is determined that the black station K is a new cartridge, the drive motor 50K is driven, and when it is determined that the yellow, magenta or cyan stations Y, M, and C are new cartridges, the drive motor 50K is driven. The motor 50CL is driven. As described above, steps S2 to S8 are executed for the station that needs to derive the phase data.

  When the rotation of the photosensitive drum 20 is started, the phase detection projection 56 provided on the photosensitive gear 55 eventually passes through the phase sensor 57 and a pulse signal is output to the phase measurement unit 522. Thereby, the phase detection projection 56 serving as a phase reference is detected (step S3), and a phase detection mark is formed (step S4). In this embodiment, 27 phase detection marks MK (1) to MK (27) are provided in the same manner as the phase detection marks in the section “A. Influence and countermeasures due to eccentricity of latent image carrier gear”. It is formed on the intermediate transfer belt 16 (see FIG. 1). ... Each time these phase detection marks MK (1), MK (2),... Pass through the mark detection sensor 18, a mark detection signal is output from the mark detection sensor 18 to the phase measurement unit 522. Thus, the phase detection marks MK (1) to MK (27) formed between the circumferential lengths of the photosensitive drum 20 are detected, and at the same time, the rotation of the photosensitive drum 20 is stopped (step S6). In this embodiment, the mark formation mode is the same as that described in the section “A. Effect and countermeasures due to eccentricity of latent image carrier gear”, but the number and shape of marks are arbitrary. .

  In the subsequent step S7, the phase measurement unit 522 obtains the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 based on the detection signal described above. More specifically, the position error (= ideal position−measured position) for the marks MK (2) to MK (27), as described in the section “A. Effect and countermeasures due to eccentricity of latent image carrier gear”. ) Is required. These positional errors are associated with the distance from the mark MK (1) on the intermediate transfer belt 16, and the eccentric characteristic of the photoconductor gear 55 similar to that in FIG. 2 is obtained. Therefore, amplitude information and phase information characterizing the eccentricity characteristic are calculated. The phase data (amplitude information and phase information) obtained in this way is written and stored in the non-volatile memory 61 of the image forming station that is the execution target of the phase data calculation process (step S8). The phase data is also temporarily stored in the memory 523 of the engine controller 52 for image formation.

  Thus, in this embodiment, when the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 is unknown because it is a new cartridge, the phase detection marks MK (1) to MK (27) are formed, and these The phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 is obtained by reading the marks MK (1) to MK (27). Therefore, the eccentric characteristic of the photoconductor gear 55 can be obtained with certainty. In addition, since the phase data thus obtained is stored in the nonvolatile memory 61 attached to the cartridge body 32, the above-described phase data calculation processing (steps S2 to S8) is not necessary thereafter. Of course, when the image forming station is detached from the housing body 2 and then reattached to the original device or attached to another device, the process proceeds to the next step S9 without performing the phase data calculation process. it can.

  When the phase data calculation process is completed, or when “NO” is determined in step S1, the process proceeds to step S9, and the phase data is read from the memory 61 of each image forming station. The phase data includes the amplitude information and the phase information (phase angle) as described above, and the eccentric characteristics of the photoconductor gear 55 are specified by these. Therefore, in this embodiment, as described above, a correction value (amplitude, phase angle) determined by the phase data is extracted as correction data from the correction table in which the correction data for suppressing the influence of eccentricity and the phase data are associated with each other. (Step S10). This correction data indicates the period of the synchronization signal Hsync output while the photosensitive drum 20 makes one revolution. For example, when the amplitude and the phase angle constituting the phase data are “40” and “210”, respectively. For example, correction data shown in FIG. 12 is loaded.

  In the next step S11, all the motors 50K and 50CL are driven, and the rotation of all the photosensitive drums 20 is started. In each station, after the phase detection projection 56 serving as a phase reference is detected (step S12), the synchronization signal Hsync having been subjected to the period correction based on the correction data loaded in step S10 is sent from the CPU 521 to the exposure control unit 513. Is output (step S13). Then, the exposure control unit 513 outputs the image signal VSG for one line to the line head 231 while synchronizing with the cycle-corrected synchronization signal Hsync (step S14). On the other hand, when the line head 231 receives the image signal VSG for one line, it outputs a signal to that effect to the CPU 521. As a result, it is confirmed that the line head 231 holds the image signal for one line. Therefore, a strobe signal STB is output from the CPU 521 to the image writing unit 23, and the light emitting elements 232 corresponding to the image signal VSG emit light simultaneously. A latent image is formed. Such line latent image formation processing (steps S13 and S14) is repeated until it is determined in step S15 that the image formation is completed. In this way, a two-dimensional latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 20 at each image forming station and the latent image is developed to form a toner image. Then, the toner images are mutually transferred on the intermediate transfer belt 16. A color image is formed by superposition. If it is determined in step S15 that the image formation has been completed, the rotation of all the photosensitive drums 20 is stopped (step S16).

  As described above, according to this embodiment, the period of the synchronization signal Hsync is corrected in accordance with the eccentricity of the photoconductor gear 55, thereby adjusting the writing position of the line latent image on the photoconductor drum 20. Therefore, the influence of eccentricity can be suppressed, and as a result, the image quality can be improved. Further, correcting the cycle of the synchronizing signal Hsync is very excellent in further improving the image quality in an apparatus in which the photoconductor gear 55 and the photoconductor drum 20 are integrally configured. That is, in the tandem apparatus using the image forming station in which the photoconductor gear 55 and the photoconductor drum 20 are integrated, the eccentric characteristics of the photoconductor gear 55 may be different between the stations. Even if this invention is used, the image quality may not be improved. On the other hand, in the above-described embodiment, correction based on the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 is performed for each photoconductor drum 20. Therefore, even in an apparatus in which the eccentric characteristics of the photoconductor gear 55 are different between stations, the influence of the eccentricity of the photoconductor gear 55 can be reliably suppressed.

  Further, the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 may be measured before the new cartridge is mounted on the apparatus 1 and stored in the nonvolatile memory 61. In this case, the phase data calculation process (steps S2 to S8) is not necessary. However, in order to measure phase data in advance for a single cartridge (image forming station), it is necessary to use a dedicated measuring device, which is inefficient in terms of cost and workability. On the other hand, in the above embodiment, the phase data calculation process (steps S2 to S8) is executed for the new cartridge to automatically obtain the phase data within the apparatus, so that the prior measurement may be omitted. And phase data can be obtained efficiently and accurately.

  In the above embodiment, the phase data is composed of amplitude information and phase information (phase angle), and correction data for suppressing the influence of eccentricity and phase data are associated with each other and stored in the correction table. Then, correction data corresponding to the phase data obtained as described above, that is, correction values (amplitude, phase angle) are extracted. Therefore, correction data can be obtained without following the same procedure as described in the section “A. Effect and countermeasures due to eccentricity of latent image carrier gear”, and the time required for image formation can be shortened. Simplification of control can be achieved.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, since the light emission of the light emitting element 232 is controlled using the strobe signal STB, even if the write position of the latent image is adjusted by correcting the period of the synchronization signal Hsync as described above, The light emission time for each line latent image is substantially the same. As a result, density unevenness due to non-uniform light emission time can be reliably prevented, and an image can be formed with excellent quality.

C. In the first embodiment, the line latent image writing position is adjusted by controlling the period of the synchronization signal Hsync. However, the period of the strobe signal STB is controlled instead of the synchronization signal Hsync. Thus, the writing position may be adjusted. This is because the line head 231 configured as described above turns on the light emitting element 232 in response to the strobe signal STB. Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the apparatus configuration and the phase data calculation process are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore, differences will be mainly described here.

  FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the adjustment operation of the latent image writing position in the second embodiment. Also in the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the phase data calculation process (steps S2 to S8) is executed for the new cartridge to obtain the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55. In step S9, phase data is read from the memory 61 of each image forming station. The phase data includes the amplitude information and the phase information (phase angle) as described above, and the eccentric characteristics of the photoconductor gear 55 are specified by these. Therefore, in this embodiment, a correction value (amplitude, phase angle) determined by phase data is extracted as correction data from a correction table in which correction data for suppressing the influence of eccentricity and phase data are associated (step). S10). However, in the second embodiment, a value obtained by correcting the cycle of the strobe signal STB is stored in the correction table as correction data. Therefore, the timing at which the light emitting element 232 emits light after the image signal VSG for one line is given to the line head 231 is changed according to the correction data, and the writing position of the line latent image is adjusted.

  In the next step S11, all the motors 50K and 50CL are driven, and the rotation of all the photosensitive drums 20 is started. In each station, after the phase detection projection 56 serving as a phase reference is detected (step S12), the CPU 521 of the engine controller 52 outputs a synchronization signal Hsync to the exposure control unit 513 at a constant cycle. In response to this, the exposure control unit 513 outputs the image signal VSG for one line to the line head 231 while synchronizing with the synchronization signal Hsync (step S17). On the other hand, when the line head 231 receives the image signal VSG for one line, it outputs a signal to that effect to the CPU 521, but in this embodiment, the CPU 521 does not immediately output a strobe signal, but a corrected cycle. The strobe signal STB is output to each image writing unit 23 for the first time at the time of reaching (step S18). Therefore, the light emitting element 232 emits light in accordance with the image signal at a period indicated by the correction data, and after a predetermined time, the light emitting element 232 is turned off and a line latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 20. Such line latent image forming processing (steps S17 and S18) is repeated until it is determined in step S15 that the image formation is completed. In this way, a two-dimensional latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 20 at each image forming station and the latent image is developed to form a toner image. Then, the toner images are mutually transferred on the intermediate transfer belt 16. A color image is formed by superposition. If it is determined in step S15 that the image formation has been completed, the rotation of all the photosensitive drums 20 is stopped (step S16).

  As described above, also in the second embodiment, the same effects as those in the first embodiment can be obtained. In other words, the writing position of the line latent image on the photosensitive drum 20 is adjusted by correcting the cycle of the strobe signal STB according to the eccentricity of the photosensitive gear 55, so that the influence of the eccentricity can be suppressed. As a result, the image quality can be improved. The same applies to other functions and effects.

  In the first embodiment, when the line head 231 receives the image signal VSG for one line, the line head 231 outputs a signal to that effect to confirm that the line head 231 holds the image signal for one line. is doing. Thus, the means for confirming the holding of one line is not limited to this. For example, when the exposure control unit 513 outputs the image signal VSG for one line, it outputs a signal to that effect to the CPU 521 and confirms that the line head 231 holds the image signal for one line. May be.

  In the first embodiment, the writing position is adjusted by controlling the output timing of the image signal VSG to the line head 231. In the second embodiment, the writing position is controlled by controlling the light emission timing of the light emitting element 232. Is adjusted. These output timing and light emission timing are closely related. For example, even if the output timing is controlled, if the strobe signal STB is output while the image signal is not transmitted to the line head 231 for one line, there is a problem that a part of the image is not formed. Therefore, in order to surely prevent such a problem, it is desirable to control both the output timing and the light emission timing in association with the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55.

D. Third Embodiment In the first and second embodiments described above, the image writing unit 23 is configured by the LED line head 231, but the configuration of the image writing unit 23 is not limited to this. A line head in which organic EL (electroluminescence) elements are arranged in a line in the axial direction of the photosensitive drum 20 (direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 6) may be used. However, since the organic EL line head cannot emit light simultaneously, it is partially different from the apparatus using the LED line head 231. Hereinafter, the third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail focusing on the differences.

  FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a line head using an organic EL element. In the figure, details of the line head provided in the image writing unit 23 are shown. In the line head 242 of each image writing unit 23, a plurality of organic EL elements 243 are held in a long housing in a state of being arranged in a row (two rows in a staggered manner) in the main scanning direction X. The image writing unit 23 is mounted on a glass substrate 244 with a light emitting unit of an element array composed of organic EL elements 243 and is driven by a TFT (= Thin Film Transistor) 245 formed on the same glass substrate 244. . That is, when an image signal is given from the exposure control unit 513, the TFT 245 operates based on the image signal, and the organic EL elements 243 emit light in order. The gradient index rod lens array 246 constitutes an imaging optical system, and a gradient index rod lens 247 arranged in front of the light emitting unit is stacked. The housing covers the periphery of the glass substrate 244 and the side facing the photosensitive drum 20 is open. In this way, light is emitted from the gradient index rod lens 247 to the photosensitive drum 20. As a result, a latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 20 corresponding to the image signal. Therefore, the writing position of the line latent image can be adjusted by controlling the output timing of the image signal VSG from the exposure control unit 513. Thus, also in this embodiment, the CPU 521 functions as the “timing control unit” of the present invention.

  FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing the main electrical configuration of the third embodiment of the present invention. In the line head 242 composed of organic EL elements, the strobe signal is not used as described above, and the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment regarding the electrical configuration in that the strobe signal is used. There are only points that are not. Therefore, the description regarding other electrical configurations is omitted.

  Next, an operation of adjusting the writing position of the latent image on the photosensitive drum in the image forming apparatus configured as described above will be described. In this embodiment, when an image forming command (printing command) is given to the main controller 51 from an external device such as a host computer, it is determined whether or not each image forming station Y, M, C, K is a new cartridge. . If the cartridge is a new cartridge, the phase data calculation process is executed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. That is, the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 installed in the station is obtained and stored in the nonvolatile memory 61. After being stored, correction data is loaded for the station based on the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55. On the other hand, the correction data is loaded based on the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 without performing the phase data calculation process for the station for which the phase data has already been obtained. Then, an image signal is given to the line head 242 in synchronization with a synchronization signal output in a cycle based on the correction data, and image formation is executed. That is, the image forming process is executed as follows.

  Phase data is read from the memory 61 of each image forming station. The phase data includes the amplitude information and the phase information (phase angle) as described above, and the eccentric characteristics of the photoconductor gear 55 are specified by these. Therefore, in this embodiment as well as in the first embodiment, a correction value (amplitude, amplitude) determined by phase data from a correction table in which correction data for suppressing the influence of eccentricity and phase data are associated as described above. (Phase angle) is taken out as correction data. This correction data indicates the period of the synchronization signal Hsync output while the photosensitive drum 20 makes one revolution. For example, when the amplitude and the phase angle constituting the phase data are “40” and “210”, respectively. For example, correction data shown in FIG. 12 is loaded.

  Next, all the motors 50K and 50CL are driven, and the rotation of all the photosensitive drums 20 is started. In each station, after the phase detection projection 56 serving as a phase reference is detected, a synchronization signal Hsync having been subjected to period correction based on the correction data loaded as described above is output from the CPU 521 to the exposure control unit 513. The Then, the exposure control unit 513 outputs the image signal VSG to the line head 242 while synchronizing with the cycle-corrected synchronization signal Hsync. On the other hand, the line head 242 emits light in order from the organic EL element 243 at one end corresponding to the image signal VSG sent serially to form a line latent image on the photosensitive drum 20. Such a line latent image forming process is repeated until it is determined that the image formation is completed. In this way, a two-dimensional latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 20 at each image forming station and the latent image is developed to form a toner image. Then, the toner images are mutually transferred on the intermediate transfer belt 16. A color image is formed by superposition. When it is determined that the image formation has been completed, the rotation of all the photosensitive drums 20 is stopped.

  As described above, according to this embodiment, the period of the synchronization signal Hsync is corrected in accordance with the eccentricity of the photoconductor gear 55, thereby adjusting the writing position of the line latent image on the photoconductor drum 20. Therefore, the influence of eccentricity can be suppressed, and as a result, the image quality can be improved. Further, correcting the cycle of the synchronizing signal Hsync is very excellent in further improving the image quality in an apparatus in which the photoconductor gear 55 and the photoconductor drum 20 are integrally configured. That is, in the tandem apparatus using the image forming station in which the photoconductor gear 55 and the photoconductor drum 20 are integrated, the eccentric characteristics of the photoconductor gear 55 may be different between the stations. Even if the rotational phase relationship is adjusted, the image quality may not be improved. On the other hand, in the above-described embodiment, correction based on the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 is performed for each photoconductor drum 20. Therefore, even in an apparatus in which the eccentric characteristics of the photoconductor gear 55 are different between stations, the influence of the eccentricity of the photoconductor gear 55 can be reliably suppressed.

  Further, the phase data of the photoconductor gear 55 may be measured before the new cartridge is mounted on the apparatus 1 and stored in the nonvolatile memory 61. In this case, the phase data calculation process is not necessary. However, in order to measure phase data in advance for a single cartridge (image forming station), it is necessary to use a dedicated measuring device, which is inefficient in terms of cost and workability. On the other hand, in the above embodiment, since the phase data is automatically calculated in the apparatus by executing the phase data calculation process for the new cartridge, the preliminary measurement can be omitted, And phase data can be calculated | required correctly.

  In the above embodiment, the phase data is composed of amplitude information and phase information (phase angle), and correction data for suppressing the influence of eccentricity and phase data are associated with each other and stored in the correction table. Then, correction data corresponding to the phase data obtained as described above, that is, correction values (amplitude, phase angle) are extracted. Therefore, correction data can be obtained without following the same procedure as described in the section “A. Effect and countermeasures due to eccentricity of latent image carrier gear”, and the time required for image formation can be shortened. Simplification of control can be achieved.

E. By the way, in the said 3rd Embodiment, although the line head 242 which arranged the some organic EL element 243 in the main scanning direction X at the line form (2 lines zigzag form) is used, the structure of a line head is used. It is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied to an image forming apparatus having a multiple exposure type line head shown in FIG. 17, and the same effects as those of the third embodiment can be obtained.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the configuration of the line head in the fourth embodiment. The line head 242 according to the fourth embodiment includes a plurality of element rows 248a to 248c in which a plurality of organic EL elements 243 are arranged in a row (one row linear shape) in the main scanning direction X (in this embodiment, three rows). Column) in the sub-scanning direction D20. That is, the line head 242 employs a two-dimensional array structure. Further, shift register circuits 249a to 249c are provided corresponding to the element rows 248a to 248c, respectively, and transfer, hold, and output the image signal VSG output from the exposure control unit 513 to the elements. That is, in this embodiment, the image signal corresponding to the number N of the organic EL elements 243 constituting the element row is set as “one line image signal”, and the exposure control unit 513 synchronizes with the periodically corrected synchronization signal Hsync. Then, the image signal VSG for one line is output to the shift register circuit 249a. On the other hand, the shift register circuit 249a that has received the image signal VSG causes the organic EL elements 243 constituting the first element row 248a to emit light and expose the pixels on the photosensitive drum 20 with a predetermined light amount.

  Further, as the photosensitive drum 20 moves in the sub-scanning direction D20, the pixel exposed by the organic EL element in the first element row 248a moves to a position facing the next element row 248b. At this timing, the image signal VSG input to the shift register circuit 249a is transferred to the shift register circuit 249b. The shift register circuit 249b outputs the image signal VSG to the central element row 248b to cause the organic EL element 243 to emit light. For this reason, the pixel exposed by the organic EL element 243 of the head element row 248a is exposed again with the same amount of light. In this way, the image signal VSG is sequentially transferred by the shift register circuits 249a to 249c while moving the photosensitive drum 20 in the sub-scanning direction D20, and then the image signal VSG is output to the organic EL element 243 to provide different element rows. The organic EL element 243 sequentially exposes the same pixel.

  For this reason, in the embodiment of FIG. 17, the pixel is exposed with a light amount five times that when exposed with a single organic EL element, and the necessary luminance can be acquired at high speed. Further, in this embodiment, the write timing is adjusted by outputting the image signal VSG from the exposure control unit 513 in synchronization with the period-corrected synchronization signal Hsync, so that the latent signal written in the first element row 248a is adjusted. The image positions are substantially equal in the sub-scanning direction D20. Therefore, if the interval between the element rows 248a to 248c is made to correspond to the pitch, even if the rotation speed of the photosensitive drum 20 has a periodicity due to the eccentricity of the photoreceptor gear 55, exposure is performed in each of the element rows 248a to 248c. Pixels to be processed can be superimposed with high accuracy, and the image quality can be improved. As described above, in this embodiment, an image signal corresponding to N (N ≧ 2) organic EL elements 243 constituting each element row is regarded as one line, and one line output from the exposure control unit 513 is used. The multiple exposure is performed by forming line latent images at the same position in the arrangement order in the sub-scanning direction D20 and at different exposure timings based on the image signal VSG. Therefore, the above-described effects can be obtained by executing multiple exposure while adjusting the exposure timing in accordance with the period of the corrected synchronization signal Hsync.

F. Others The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, as described in the section “A. Influence and Countermeasures due to the Decentering of the Latent Image Carrier Gear”, the synchronization signal Hsync is opposite to the mark pitch change (for example, the pitch characteristics shown in FIG. 3). The period is corrected. That is, although the correction data is set so that the pitch of the mark MK is uniform, the correction data may be set so that the actual measurement mark MK in FIG. 1 is located at the ideal position.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, the present invention is applied to an apparatus that forms a color image using toners of four colors of yellow, magenta, cyan, and black. However, a color formation method (tandem method, four-cycle method) The type and number of toner colors are not limited to the above, and can be applied to all image forming apparatuses that form an image using a line head in which a plurality of light emitting elements are arranged in a line.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Image forming apparatus 2 ... Housing main body (apparatus main body) 18 ... Mark detection sensor 20, 20Y, 20M, 20C, 20K ... Photosensitive drum (latent image carrier), 23, 23Y, 23M, 23C, 23K ... Image writing section, 32 ... Cartridge body, 50CL, 50K ... Motor, 55, 55Y, 55M, 55C, 55K ... Photosensitive body gear (latent image carrier gear), 231 and 242 ... Line head, 232 ... Light emitting element, 243 ... Organic EL element, 248a to 248c ... Element array, 513 ... Exposure control unit, 521 ... CPU (timing control unit, phase detection unit), 522 ... Phase measurement unit (phase detection unit), 523 ... Non-volatile memory (memory) Means), D20 ... sub-scanning direction, Hsync ... synchronization signal, STB ... strobe signal, VSG ... image signal, X, x ... main scanning direction, y The sub-scanning direction

Claims (12)

An image forming station is mounted on the main body of the apparatus, and a rotational driving force of a motor provided on the main body is mounted on the main body of the cartridge. A main scanning direction that is substantially orthogonal to the sub-scanning direction on the latent image carrier while being transmitted to the latent image carrier via the latent image carrier gear and rotating the latent image carrier in the sub-scanning direction. In an image forming apparatus for writing a line latent image extending to the image, and further developing the latent image with toner to form an image,
A phase sensor that detects a phase detection reference portion formed on the latent image carrier gear and outputs a signal;
Based on the output signal from the phase sensor, a plurality of phase detection marks formed while being separated from each other in the sub-scanning direction over at least the circumference of the latent image carrier are detected and output. A detection sensor;
A gear eccentricity detection apparatus in an image forming apparatus, comprising: a phase detection unit that obtains phase data indicating an eccentricity characteristic of the latent image carrier gear based on an output signal from the detection sensor. An image forming station is mounted on the main body of the apparatus, and a rotational driving force of a motor provided on the main body is mounted on the main body of the cartridge. The latent image carrier is transmitted to the latent image carrier via the latent image carrier gear to rotate and move the latent image carrier in the sub-scanning direction. In an image forming apparatus for writing a line latent image extending in a substantially orthogonal main scanning direction and further developing the latent image with toner to form an image,
A phase sensor that detects a phase detection reference portion formed on the latent image carrier gear and outputs a signal;
By controlling the image forming station, a plurality of phase detection marks are arranged while being separated from each other in the sub-scanning direction over at least a peripheral length of the latent image carrier with reference to an output signal from the phase sensor. A mark formation control unit to be formed;
A detection sensor that detects the plurality of phase detection marks and outputs a signal;
A phase detector for obtaining phase data indicating the eccentricity characteristics of the latent image carrier gear based on an output signal from the detection sensor;
An image forming apparatus comprising: a timing control unit that controls the image writing unit based on the phase data to adjust a writing position of a line latent image on the latent image carrier. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising an exposure control unit that supplies an image signal for one line corresponding to the line latent image to the image writing unit.
The image writing unit has a line head in which a plurality of light emitting elements are arranged in a row in the main scanning direction, and each time an image signal for one line from the exposure control unit is held, based on the image signal A line latent image is written by driving and controlling the plurality of light emitting elements almost simultaneously.
The timing control unit provides a synchronization signal to the exposure control unit to control an output timing of an image signal from the exposure control unit, and also provides a strobe signal to the line head to control a light emission timing of the plurality of light emitting elements. The line latent image writing position on the latent image carrier is adjusted by correcting the period of the synchronization signal or the period of the strobe signal based on the phase data detected by the phase detector. Image forming apparatus.   The timing control unit outputs the strobe signal at a timing when an image signal for one line is held in the line head, and corrects the period of the synchronization signal based on the phase data detected by the phase detection unit. The image forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the writing position of the line latent image on the latent image carrier is adjusted. Storage means for storing a correction table in which correction values of synchronization signal periods are associated with various phase data;
The timing control unit reads a correction value of a period corresponding to the phase data detected by the phase detection unit from the correction table, and outputs an image signal from the exposure control unit in synchronization with the period-corrected synchronization signal. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4.   The timing control unit corrects the period of the strobe signal based on the phase data detected by the phase detection unit while maintaining a constant period of the synchronization signal supplied to the exposure control unit to the latent image carrier. The image forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the writing position of the line latent image is adjusted. Storage means storing a correction table in which correction values of the period of the strobe signal are associated with various phase data;
The timing control unit reads a correction value of a period corresponding to the phase data detected by the phase detection unit from the correction table, and causes the plurality of light emitting elements to emit light in synchronization with a period corrected strobe signal. 6. The image forming apparatus according to 6.   The timing controller adjusts the writing position of the line latent image on the latent image carrier by correcting both the synchronization signal and the strobe signal based on the phase data detected by the phase detector. The image forming apparatus according to claim 3. The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising an exposure control unit that provides the image writing unit with an image signal corresponding to the line latent image.
The image writing unit includes a line head in which a plurality of organic EL elements are arranged in a row in a main scanning direction substantially orthogonal to the sub-scanning direction, and the plurality of organic ELs are based on an image signal from the exposure control unit. Write the line latent image by driving the element,
The timing control unit is configured to control the output timing of an image signal from the exposure control unit by giving a synchronization signal to the exposure control unit, and based on the phase data detected by the phase detection unit An image forming apparatus that adjusts the writing position of the line latent image on the latent image carrier by correcting the period of. The line head has a two-dimensional array structure in which a plurality of element rows in which N (N ≧ 2) organic EL elements are arranged in the main scanning direction are provided in the sub scanning direction,
An image signal corresponding to N organic EL elements is taken as one line, and the plurality of element rows are arranged in the sub-scanning direction based on the image signal for one line output from the exposure control unit, and mutually. The image forming apparatus according to claim 9, wherein multiple exposure is performed by forming line latent images at the same position at different exposure timings.   The image forming apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the multiple exposure is performed while adjusting the exposure timing in accordance with a period of the synchronization signal corrected by the timing control unit. An image forming station is mounted on the main body of the apparatus, and a rotational driving force of a motor provided on the main body is mounted on the main body of the cartridge. A main scanning direction that is substantially orthogonal to the sub-scanning direction on the latent image carrier while being transmitted to the latent image carrier via the latent image carrier gear and rotating the latent image carrier in the sub-scanning direction. A gear eccentricity detecting method for detecting an eccentricity characteristic of the latent image carrier gear generated in an image forming apparatus that writes a line latent image extending to the image and further develops the latent image with toner to form an image,
As the latent image carrier gear, a step of preparing a gear provided with a phase detection reference portion in a part thereof;
Detecting a phase detection reference portion of the latent image carrier gear rotating in the sub-scanning direction;
Forming a plurality of phase detection marks while being spaced apart from each other in the sub-scanning direction over a length equal to or greater than the circumference of the latent image carrier with reference to detection of the phase detection reference portion;
And a step of detecting a plurality of phase detection marks and detecting an eccentricity characteristic of the latent image carrier gear based on a result of the detection, and a gear eccentricity detection method in an image forming apparatus.

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