JP2011016203A - Chuck device and nut for chuck device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a chuck device efficiently which supplies an operating fluid to the front end of a tool having a tapered surface; and a nut for the chuck device.SOLUTION: The chuck device 1 includes a chuck body 2 fixed to the spindle of a rotary machine tool, and having a tapered hole 11 at the front end thereof; a collet 3 which is insertedly fitted into the tapered hole 11, and is reduced in diameter so as to grip the tool 20; and the nut 4 screwed onto the chuck body 2, and fastening the collet 3. A liquid flow passage 16 for ejecting the operating fluid is disposed along the tool tapered surface 21 which is formed in the tool 20 so as to be narrowed toward the front end thereof.

Description

  The present invention relates to a chuck device capable of efficiently supplying a working fluid to a tip portion of a tool having a tapered surface, and a nut of the chuck device.

  In a chuck device for fixing a tool to a spindle of a rotary machine tool, a fluid passage for supplying a working fluid necessary during cutting may be provided. Examples of the working fluid here include a coolant for cooling the tip of the tool that becomes high temperature due to friction with the workpiece, and a cleaning fluid supplied for the purpose of washing away chips. Chuck devices with various improvements have been developed so that these working fluids can be supplied to the tip of the tool during cutting.

  For example, in the chuck device described in Patent Document 1, the nozzle hole 19 is configured obliquely with respect to the rotation axis so as to discharge the working fluid from the nozzle hole 19 toward the tool tip. The working fluid discharged from the machine tool during cutting is subjected to centrifugal force by rotation. By discharging the working fluid toward the shaft core with the nozzle hole 19 inclined, the influence of the centrifugal force can be suppressed. It is considered possible.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a chuck device configured to discharge a working fluid from a gap 24 between a tool insertion hole 23 provided in the fastener 2 and the tool 3. By discharging the working fluid along the tool, it is possible to supply the working fluid to the tip of the tool with a simple configuration even if the tool itself does not have a working fluid passage.

Japanese Patent No. 4177079 JP-A-8-112731

  In the chuck device described in Patent Document 1, the influence of centrifugal force can be suppressed as described above. However, since the nozzle hole 17 is provided at a position away from the tool, the work fluid is dispersed before reaching the tool. There is a fear. In order to solve this problem, it is conceivable to increase the discharge pressure of the working fluid. However, it is necessary to improve the pressure resistance performance of the entire chuck device, and it is difficult to avoid an increase in manufacturing cost. In addition, when the working fluid reaches the tool, the working fluid is scattered by an impact, and there is a possibility that sufficient working fluid does not reach the tip of the tool.

  Further, in the chuck device described in Patent Document 2, since the working fluid is discharged along the tool, there is no problem as in the chuck device described in Patent Document 1. However, since the working fluid is discharged parallel to the rotation axis, when the tool has a tapered surface, the working fluid cannot be supplied along the tool, and the working fluid is May not be supplied to

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a chuck device and a nut of the chuck device that can efficiently supply a working fluid to a tip portion of a tool having a tapered surface.

  The first characteristic configuration of the chuck device according to the present invention is a chuck body that is fixed to a main shaft of a rotary machine tool and has a tapered hole at a tip portion thereof, and can be reduced in diameter so as to be inserted into the tapered hole and grip a tool. In a chuck device including a collet and a nut that can be screwed to the chuck body and tightens the collet, the working fluid can be discharged along a tool taper surface formed on the tool so that a tip end side is narrowed. It is in the point which provided the liquid passage.

  As in the first feature configuration, when a fluid passage that can discharge the working fluid is provided along the tool taper surface with a narrow tip, the working fluid discharged from the chuck device is along the tool, and the discharge direction is at the axis. It becomes the direction to go. For this reason, the influence of the centrifugal force is suppressed, the working fluid is prevented from scattering from the tool, and the working fluid can be efficiently supplied to the tip portion of the tool.

  In the second characteristic configuration, a nut taper surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the nut so as to follow the tool taper surface in the gripping state of the tool, and the liquid passage is formed between the tool taper surface and the nut taper surface. It is in the point provided over.

  As in the second feature configuration, when a fluid passage is provided between the tool taper surface and the nut taper surface along each other, the discharge direction of the work fluid substantially coincides with the tool taper surface, and the work fluid flows along the tool and the shaft core. It is discharged in the direction toward Since only a tapered surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the nut and there is no need to provide a new member, the working fluid can be efficiently supplied to the tip portion of the tool while suppressing the manufacturing cost.

  A third characteristic configuration is that a groove formed in at least one of the tool taper surface and the nut taper surface constitutes the liquid passage.

  According to the third characteristic configuration, the discharge direction of the working fluid can be adjusted by the shape and arrangement of the grooves. For example, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which a spiral groove is formed and the working liquid is discharged in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the tool, thereby reducing the amount of scattering by reducing the centrifugal force acting on the working liquid.

  The fourth characteristic configuration is the nut itself used in the chuck device according to any one of the first to third characteristic configurations.

  By using the nut shown in the fourth characteristic configuration in the chuck device, the working fluid can be discharged along the tool taper surface, and the working fluid can be efficiently supplied to the tip of the tool.

It is a longitudinal section of the chuck device concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the II-II cross section in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the chuck apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the IV-IV cross section in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the chuck apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the VI-VI cross section in FIG.

[First Embodiment]
Based on FIG.1 and FIG.2, 1st Embodiment of the chuck apparatus 1 which concerns on this invention is described. A tapered hole 11 is formed at the tip of the chuck body 2. The collet 3 is inserted into the tapered hole 11 and fixed to the chuck body 2. The collet 3 is formed with a longitudinal dividing groove (not shown) so that the diameter can be reduced.

  The nut 4 includes an outer ring 5 and an inner ring 6, and a screw portion 13 that can be screwed to the screw portion 12 of the chuck body 2 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 5. The outer ring 5 and the inner ring 6 are configured to be rotatable via a plurality of balls 7. A nut taper surface 14 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 6 so as to correspond to the tool taper surface 21 of the tool 20. The nut 4 may be one in which the outer ring 5 and the inner ring 6 are integrated.

  Next, a method for mounting the tool 20 will be described. First, the collet 3 is mounted on the nut 4 and inserted into the tapered hole 11 of the chuck body 2 from the tapered surface of the collet 3, and the screw portion 12 of the chuck body 2 and the screw portion 13 of the nut 4 are screwed together. When the tool 20 is inserted into the collet 3 and the outer ring 5 is rotated in the tightening direction, axial force is transmitted to the inner ring 6 through the balls 7. Since the inner ring 6 abuts on the collet 3 at the tapered surface, the collet 3 is pressed toward the proximal end side of the tapered hole 11 by the axial force, and the collet 3 is reduced in diameter by the radial force, thereby the tool 20. Grip. When the minimum inner diameter of the nut taper surface 14 is smaller than the shank diameter of the tool 20, the tool 20 is inserted from the rear part of the collet 3 after the collet 3 is attached to the nut 4.

  In the case of this embodiment, when the tool 20 is mounted, the liquid passage 16 is formed between the nut taper surface 14 and the tool taper surface 21 over the entire circumference. The working fluid supplied from the supply path (not shown) to the base end side of the collet 3 reaches the liquid passage 16 through the split groove of the collet 3. This working fluid is discharged from the discharge port 17 which is the tip of the liquid passage 16.

  According to the above configuration, since the liquid passage 16 is located adjacent to the tool taper surface 21 so as to be along the tool taper surface 21, the working fluid is discharged from the discharge port 17 along the tool taper surface 21. . Then, since the discharge direction has a component toward the axis, the influence of the centrifugal force on the working fluid is suppressed, and the working fluid can be efficiently supplied to the tip of the tool 20. In addition, no new member is required to realize the configuration, and it is only necessary to form the nut taper surface 14 on the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 6, so that the manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

[Second Embodiment]
Based on FIG.3 and FIG.4, 2nd Embodiment of the chuck | zipper apparatus which concerns on this invention is described. Since the configuration other than the portion related to the liquid passage 16 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, a spiral groove 18 is formed on the nut taper surface 14, and the working fluid is discharged in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the tool 20. A dotted line in FIG. 3 indicates a groove 18 formed on the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring 6 on the other side of the drawing. Since the discharge direction of the working fluid is opposite to the rotation direction of the tool 20, the centrifugal force acting on the working fluid can be reduced. As a result, the amount of working fluid scattered can be reduced, and more working fluid can be supplied to the tip of the tool.

  In addition, an improvement in which a groove reaching the tip of the tool 20 is provided at a position corresponding to the groove 18 on the surface of the tool 20 is also conceivable. If comprised in this way, the amount of scattering can be reduced rather than a working fluid propagating through the surface of the tool 20, and the working fluid can be supplied to the tip of the tool 20 more efficiently.

[Third Embodiment]
Based on FIG.5 and FIG.6, 3rd Embodiment of the chuck | zipper apparatus which concerns on this invention is described. Since the configuration other than the portion related to the liquid passage 16 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  In the above embodiments, a tapered surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 6. However, in the present embodiment, a ring member 8 having a tapered inner peripheral surface (ring member tapered surface 15) is separately provided. The configuration. Also with this configuration, since the working fluid is discharged from the discharge port 17 of the liquid passage 16 along the tool taper surface 21, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained.

  By configuring the liquid passage 16 with the ring member 8, the discharge port 17 of the liquid passage 16 can be optimized only by mounting the appropriate ring member 8 on the tool taper surface 21. Even when the ring member 8 is damaged and no suitable taper surface is formed, maintenance is improved because the ring member 8 only needs to be replaced. The shape and arrangement of the ring member 8 are not limited to the present embodiment, and other shapes and arrangements may be used as long as the working fluid can be discharged along the tool taper surface 21. .

  Provided are a chuck device and a chuck device nut capable of efficiently supplying a working fluid to a tip portion of a tool having a tapered surface.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Chuck apparatus 2 Chuck main body 3 Collet 4 Nut 5 Outer ring 6 Inner ring 7 Ball 8 Ring member 14 Nut taper surface 15 Ring member taper surface 16 Fluid passage 17 Discharge port 18 Groove 20 Tool 21 Tool taper surface

Claims (4)

A chuck body fixed to the spindle of the rotary machine tool and having a tapered hole at the tip;
A collet that is inserted into the tapered hole and can be reduced in diameter to grip the tool;
A chuck device comprising a nut that can be screwed to the chuck body and tightens the collet,
A chuck device, characterized in that a fluid passage through which a working fluid can be discharged is provided along a tool taper surface formed in the tool so that the tip end side becomes narrow.   A nut taper surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the nut so as to be along the tool taper surface in the gripping state of the tool, and the liquid passage is provided between the tool taper surface and the nut taper surface. The chuck device according to claim 1.   The chuck device according to claim 2, wherein a groove formed in at least one of the tool taper surface and the nut taper surface constitutes the liquid passage.   The nut of the chuck apparatus used for the chuck apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3.

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