JP2011007527A - Rotating body cooling fixture and freezing layer generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotating body cooling fixture and a freezing layer generator for a rotating body capable of safely and easily cooling a rotating body such as a wheel and a brake disc to a desired subfreezing temperature at a low cost.SOLUTION: In the rotating body cooling fixture 10 for cooling a railroad wheel 100 rotatably supported with the axis O1 nearly matched in the horizontal direction, an opening is supported so as to face the outer periphery surface 101 of the railroad wheel 100, and a coolant storage part 17 is provided into which a coolant is introduced. Beads shaped dry ice C is used as the coolant, and the opening periphery 17a of the opening is shaped along the outer periphery surface so that the dry ice C is held on the outer periphery surface 100.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling device for a rotating body such as a wheel or a brake disk used in a brake test of a wheel or a brake disk in a railway vehicle, for example, and an icing layer generating device for the rotating body.

Railway vehicles include a power vehicle having only a power trolley whose wheels are driven by a motor or an engine, and an accompanying vehicle that is propelled or pulled by the power vehicle and does not have a drive by itself. Equipped with equipment.
As a brake device for a railway vehicle, for example, a tread brake of a method in which a brake is pressed against the tread from both the front and rear sides of a wheel, and a brake disc made of a special cast iron disk are provided on both sides of a synthetic resin or a sintered alloy. Disc brakes are known that are braked with a wheel.

  By the way, conventionally, when a railway vehicle equipped with the tread brake is run in a cold region, there is a problem that the brake distance is extended. This stretching phenomenon is caused by the fact that the friction coefficient is remarkably reduced due to adhesion and interposition of icing layers on the wheels and the control device while the railway vehicle is running.

On the other hand, for example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a brake device that can remove an icing layer and is suitable for a cold region.
In this brake device, when the wheel and the control member are frozen, the solenoid valve is operated to rapidly release the air in the brake cylinder. Then, due to the impact force generated at the time of discharge, the wheel and the brake are pulled apart, and the solidified icing between these wheels and the brake is removed.

  Here, in the research and development of tread brakes or disc brakes corresponding to the above-mentioned freezing layer, as a pre-stage of the current vehicle brake test in an actual cold region, indoors using only wheels, brakes or brake discs It is normal to perform a brake test. Therefore, conventionally, artificial snow mixed with liquid nitrogen, low-temperature water, and compressed air is generated as a pseudo icing layer, and this is blown onto wheels, brake wheels, and brake discs to create a brake state in a cold region. A brake test was conducted.

JP 2000-255429 A

However, when the brake test is performed with artificial snow sprayed as described above, it does not adhere to artificial snow and does not reach below freezing point. Therefore, its characteristics differ from the frozen layer, and the frozen layer adheres to the actual vehicle. The condition is different from the state that has been performed, and the brake state in a cold region cannot be accurately reproduced.
Therefore, the present inventors investigated the formation mechanism of the icing layer and examined the generation method. As a result, the wheel, the control wheel, or the brake disk to which the icing layer was adhered was sufficiently removed to a sub-freezing temperature of −30 ° C. or less. It was found that by cooling and then spraying water on these surfaces, it is possible to generate an ice layer that is exactly the same as the current vehicle in cold regions.

Here, in cooling the wheel, the brake member or the brake disc, it is desired that it can be cooled in a short time and has low cost and low economic burden due to the nature of the repeated brake test. However, in particular, when cooling railway wheels and brake discs, it is difficult to achieve cooling in a short time and at low cost because the size of the wheels themselves is large.
For example, when liquid nitrogen is used as the refrigerant, the cooling effect is small because the heat capacity is small, and it is difficult to cool to a desired sub-freezing temperature. Therefore, it leads to high cost, and the liquid nitrogen is a cryogenic refrigerant, which is not preferable from the viewpoint of safety.
On the other hand, a method of cooling the entire wheel and brake disc using a large refrigerator is also conceivable, but it requires capital investment and increases the cost for each cooling, which is also unsuitable for use in a brake test. is there.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and is a rotating body cooling jig capable of safely and easily cooling a rotating body such as a wheel or a brake disk to a desired sub-freezing temperature at a low cost. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for generating an icing layer on a rotating body.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
That is, the rotating body cooling jig according to the present invention is a rotating body cooling jig that cools the rotating body that is rotatably supported, and is supported so that the opening faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body. A coolant accommodating portion into which a coolant is introduced is provided above the opening, and a bead-shaped sublimable solid coolant is used as the coolant, so that the solid coolant is held on the outer peripheral surface. Further, the opening edge portion of the opening is shaped along the outer peripheral surface.

According to the rotating body cooling jig having such a feature, since the opening of the coolant accommodating portion faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body, the solid coolant introduced into the coolant accommodating portion is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body. Direct contact with a part. In addition, since the opening edge of the coolant container has a shape along the outer peripheral surface so that the solid coolant is held on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body, the solid coolant falls from the outer peripheral surface. Even when the rotating body further rotates, it is possible to maintain the state in which the solid coolant is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body. Therefore, when the rotating body is rotated, the solid coolant in the coolant container sequentially contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body, so that the entire outer peripheral surface can be efficiently cooled with a small amount of solid coolant. Can do.
In addition, since the solid coolant is formed on the beads and a large contact area with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body on the curved surface can be secured, the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body can be efficiently cooled. It is possible to obtain a high cooling effect. Furthermore, since a solid coolant that is sublimated and becomes a gas directly is used, the rotating body itself can be cooled in a dry state that does not contain moisture, and water is supplied to the cooled rotating body in this way. By supplying, it is possible to produce an equivalent to a frozen layer in a cold region.
The opening edge of the coolant container may be configured to come into sliding contact with the outer circumferential surface when the rotating body rotates by contacting the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body, or slightly with the outer circumferential surface of the rotating body. The structure which opposed through the clearance may be sufficient. The bead shape refers to a particle shape having a particle size of about 5 to 10 mm.

  The rotating body cooling jig according to the present invention is characterized in that a pressurizing means for pressing the solid coolant toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body is provided.

According to the rotating body cooling jig having such a feature, by pressing the solid coolant toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body, the outer peripheral surface and the solid coolant are brought into close contact with each other to increase the contact area thereof. Can do. Thereby, the rotating body can be cooled more efficiently.
Further, the solid coolant absorbs not only the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body but also external heat and gradually sublimates, but if it is pressed toward the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body as described above, the solid coolant The contribution to cooling can be increased.

  Furthermore, in the rotating body cooling jig according to the present invention, the pressurizing means is a pressing member that presses the solid coolant from above, and the pressing member is provided with a heat insulating material. .

  Thereby, since the heat insulation between the solid coolant accommodated in the coolant accommodating portion and the outside can be improved, the contribution of heat absorption from the outer peripheral surface of the rotator is increased, and the rotator is more effectively Can be cooled.

  In the rotating body cooling jig according to the present invention, the rotating body is a railway wheel, and the opening edge portion of the coolant accommodating portion is a tread surface and a flange portion corresponding to an outer peripheral surface of the railway wheel. It is characterized by being formed along the shape.

  According to the rotating body cooling jig having such a feature, when the railway wheel is rotated, the tread surface and the flange portion of the railway wheel are sequentially brought into contact with the solid coolant in the coolant accommodating portion. The entire tread surface and the flange portion can be efficiently cooled with the coolant. Then, if water is sprayed on the tread and the flange portion cooled in this way, a frozen layer similar to the frozen layer in a cold region can be generated, and it becomes possible to perform a brake test in accordance with the current vehicle. .

  Furthermore, in the rotating body cooling jig according to the present invention, the rotating body cooling jig includes a casing that covers the railway wheel from above, and the coolant accommodating portion is provided inside the casing. It is a feature.

  According to the rotating body cooling jig having such a feature, the coolant accommodating portion is provided on the inner side of the casing so that the opening edge of the coolant accommodating portion is desired on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body. The parts can be arranged appropriately. Moreover, it becomes possible to improve the heat insulation between the solid coolant accommodated in the coolant accommodating portion and the outside.

  In the rotating body cooling jig according to the present invention, the rotating body includes a plurality of heat radiation fins extending in the radial direction inside the rotating body, and an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface of the rotating body between the fins. A brake disc for railways in which a communication path is formed, and an outer peripheral cover that covers the entire outer peripheral surface of the rotating body and an inner peripheral cover that covers the entire inner peripheral surface of the rotating body are provided, The outer peripheral cover is fixed to be non-rotatable, and is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body when the rotating body rotates, and the opening edge of the coolant accommodating portion is formed in a cutout portion formed in the outer peripheral cover. It is connected.

According to the rotating body cooling jig having such a feature, the solid coolant introduced into the coolant accommodating portion is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the railway brake disk and the outer peripheral surface of the rail through the opening of the coolant accommodating portion and the cutout portion of the outer peripheral cover. It contacts the communication path between the internal fins. The solid coolant gradually comes into contact with the entire outer peripheral surface of the rotating body and the communication path as the rotating body rotates, so that the outer peripheral surface of the brake disk with a small amount of solid coolant. Can be efficiently cooled.
Then, the brake disc whose outer peripheral surface is cooled also cools the disc surfaces which are both end surfaces in the axial direction of the brake disc by its own heat conduction. By spraying water onto the disk surface thus cooled, an ice layer similar to the ice layer in a cold region can be generated, and a brake test suitable for the current vehicle can be performed.
In addition, since the communication brake hole which connects the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface is formed in the brake disc for the railway, the solid coolant enters the communication hole, but the outer peripheral cover and the inner peripheral surface which cover the outer peripheral surface. Since the solid coolant does not fall out of the brake disc for railways by the inner peripheral cover covering the brake disc, the brake disc can be efficiently cooled by effectively utilizing the solid coolant.

  In the rotating body cooling jig according to the present invention, the solid coolant is dry ice.

  By using dry ice that is safe, inexpensive and easily available as the solid coolant, the cooling cost can be further reduced. Also, since dry ice has a higher cooling effect than other coolants such as liquid nitrogen, it is possible to efficiently cool the rotating body.

  An icing layer generating apparatus according to the present invention is an icing layer generating apparatus that generates an icing layer on a surface of the rotating body, wherein the rotating body is cooled by the rotating body cooling jig and the coolant. A water supply means for spraying water is provided on the surface.

  According to the frozen layer generating apparatus having such a feature, the rotating body is cooled to the sub-freezing temperature using the rotating cooling jig, and water is sprayed on the surface of the rotating body, so that the rotating body can be easily and quickly. It becomes possible to generate an ice layer in a cold region on the surface.

According to the rotating body cooling jig and the frozen layer generating apparatus of the present invention, even when the bead-like solid coolant is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body, and this contact state is a rotation of the rotating body. By being configured to be held, it is possible to easily and inexpensively cool a rotating body such as a railway wheel or a brake disk to a desired sub-freezing temperature. In other words, using a solid coolant in the form of beads, allowing the solid coolant to contact the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body, rotating the rotating body with the solid coolant held on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body Only when the three possible conditions are satisfied, the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body can be cooled easily and at a low cost to a state where an ice layer in a cold region can be generated.
And by spraying water on the rotating body cooled in this way, it becomes possible to easily generate an icing layer that is not different from the icing layer generated in a cold region.

It is a model longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary body cooling jig and frozen layer production | generation apparatus which concern on 1st Embodiment. It is (a) front view and (b) side view of a wheel for railroad. It is a permeation | transmission perspective view of the rotary body cooling jig of 1st Embodiment. FIG. 6 is an arrow view of the inside of the housing body from above the housing body in a state where the rotating body cooling jig is disposed on the railway wheel. It is a side view of the rotary body cooling jig which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a model longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary body cooling jig which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is the (a) perspective view and (b) one part transmission side view of a brake disc for railroads. It is a disassembled perspective view of the rotary body cooling jig of 2nd Embodiment. It is a model longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary body cooling jig and frozen layer production | generation apparatus which concern on the modification of 1st Embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a rotating body cooling jig and a frozen layer generating apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a rotating body cooling jig and an iced layer generating apparatus according to an embodiment. The icing layer generating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment generates an icing layer on the surface of the railway wheel 100 by spraying water to the railway wheel 100 cooled to the sub-freezing temperature by the rotating body cooling jig 10 using the water supply means 30. Device. The railway wheel 100 on which the frozen layer is generated in this manner is subjected to a brake test assuming a cold region.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the railway wheel 100 has a substantially disk shape that rotates around the axis O <b> 1, and is a railway member that rotates and contacts the rail for rail. The outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100 is composed of a tread surface 102 that is in contact with the top surface of the rail and receives frictional resistance, and a flange portion 103 that has a diameter larger than that of the tread surface 102. The tread 102 has a tapered shape with a slightly reduced diameter toward the end surface on one side of the railway wheel 100, and the flange portion 103 is curved so as to be continuous with the tread 102 and is bent on the other side. It is formed so as to reach the end face.

When the railway vehicle passes through the straight portion, the tread surface 102 of the outer peripheral surface 101 comes into contact with the top surface of the rail and receives frictional resistance, and when it passes through the curved portion, the flange portion 103 and the flange The transition region between the portion 103 and the tread surface 102 comes into contact with the head side surface of the rail on the outer track side and receives a frictional resistance.
In the case of tread brakes, braking is performed by bringing a not-shown brake member into contact with the tread 102. Therefore, in performing the brake test, the test is performed by generating an icing layer mainly on the tread surface 102 of the outer peripheral surface of the railway wheel 100. Further, in the test for confirming the adhesion to the rail when the icing layer is generated on the railway wheel 100, the icing layer is generated on the entire outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100 and the test is performed.

  When generating an icing layer by the icing layer generating device 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the railway wheel 100 is rotatably supported so that its axis O1 coincides with the substantially horizontal direction. In FIG. 1, the support structure of the railway wheel 100 is not shown, but for example, the railway wheel 100 is fixed to a wheel shaft extending along the axis O1, and both ends of the wheel shaft are supported by a bearing device. do it.

  The rotating body cooling jig 10 is used to cool the railway wheel 100 to a temperature below the freezing point of, for example, −30 degrees or less. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. A pair of inclined plates 15 and 15 and a curved plate 16 are provided, and a coolant accommodating portion 17 in which a coolant is accommodated is provided inside the housing 11.

  The housing 11 is for covering the upper part of the railway wheel 100 that is rotatably supported as described above, and is composed of a housing body 12, a pair of support bars 13, and a lid member 14. Yes.

The housing body 12 has a rectangular cylindrical shape formed by four side walls 20 and having upper and lower ends opened. Of these four side walls 20, the horizontal length of the pair of side walls 20a, 20b constituting the long side of the rectangle in horizontal section is slightly larger than the maximum diameter of the railway wheel 100 (the maximum outer diameter of the flange portion 103). The horizontal length of the pair of side walls 20c and 20d constituting the short side is longer than the thickness in the direction of the axis O1 of the railway wheel 100 as shown in FIG. Yes.
Hereinafter, the direction in which the long side of the rectangle in the horizontal sectional view of the housing body 12 extends is referred to as the longitudinal direction, and the direction in which the short side extends is referred to as the short direction.

  The housing support bar 13 is a bar-like member fixed to the side walls 20c and 20d along the short direction at the lower part of the housing main body 12, and is provided to support the housing main body 12. Yes. That is, both ends of the housing support bar 13 are placed on a pedestal or the like (not shown), whereby the housing body 12 is disposed so as to cover the upper portion of the railway wheel 100 that is rotatably supported. It will be.

  The lid member 14 is a member that covers the opening on the upper end side of the housing body 12, and has an introduction portion 14 a for introducing a coolant into the housing 11, that is, into the coolant accommodating portion 17 on the upper surface thereof. Is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the inclined plates 15, 15 are substantially rectangular disposed over a pair of side walls 20 a, 20 b along the longitudinal direction at both ends in the longitudinal direction inside the housing body 12. It is a plate-shaped member, and extends from the side plates 20c and 20d along the short side direction so as to be gradually inclined downward as they approach each other along the longitudinal direction.
Moreover, the tip edge part 21 which is located in the lower end side of the inclination of these inclination boards 15 and 15 and extends between a pair of side board 20a, 20b along a longitudinal direction follows the outer peripheral surface 101 of the said wheel 100 for railroads, respectively. It has a different shape. That is, the front end edge portion 21 includes a straight portion 21a that extends linearly along the tread surface 102, and a curved portion 21b that curves along the flange portion 103 continuously to the straight portion 21a. In addition, the said linear part 21a is located in the side wall 20a side of one side among a pair of side walls 20a and 20b along a longitudinal direction, and the said curved part 21b is located in the side wall 20b side of the other side.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the curved plate 16 is a plate-like member that is curved and extends in an arc shape with a constant width, and a pair of plates along the longitudinal direction with the plate surface facing the vertical direction. The side walls 20a and 20b are fixed to the side wall 20a on one side, and both ends of the curved plate 16 are connected to the straight portion 21a of the tip edge portion 21 of the pair of inclined plates 15 and 15. .
Further, the curvature of the curved plate 16 is equal to the curvature of the tread 102 of the railway wheel 100, and further, the distance between the curved plate 16 and the side wall 20b on the other side along the longitudinal direction, that is, the curved plate 16 The horizontal distance between the curved edge portion 16a and the side wall 20b is set to be approximately the same as or slightly smaller than the thickness of the railway wheel 100 in the direction of the axis O1.

  The pair of inclined plates 15, 15, the curved plate 16, and the inner wall surface of the housing main body 12 define a coolant accommodating portion 17 in the upper part of the housing main body 12. That is, the upper portion of the housing body 12 with the pair of inclined plates 15 and 15 and the curved plate 16 as a boundary serves as a coolant accommodating portion 17 in which the coolant is accommodated.

  An opening is formed on the lower end side of the coolant accommodating portion 17 with the tip edge portions 21 and 21 of the pair of inclined plates 15 and 15 and the curved edge portion 16a of the curved plate 16 as opening edge portions 17a. Therefore, the opening on the lower end side faces downward, that is, faces the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100.

  As the coolant stored in the coolant storage portion 17, a solid coolant having a bead shape and sublimation is used, and in this embodiment, the solid coolant having a particle diameter of 5 to 10 mm satisfying this condition is used. Dry ice C is used. As the solid coolant, any other material such as solid neon can be adopted as long as it has a bead shape having low temperature and sublimation properties.

  Here, when the railway wheel 100 is covered with the casing 11 from above, as shown in FIG. 4, the lateral direction of the casing body 12 is made to coincide with the axis O1 direction of the railway wheel 100, and the casing The longitudinal direction of the main body 12 is the diameter direction of the railway wheel 100, and the end surface of the railway wheel 100 on the flange portion 103 side contacts the other side wall 20 b along the longitudinal direction of the housing main body 12. Thus, the housing | casing 11 is covered on the wheel 100 for railroads.

When the casing 11 is lowered in this state, each of the pair of inclined plates 15 has a shape along the outer peripheral surface 101, that is, a straight portion 21 a along the tread surface 102 and a curved portion 21 b along the flange portion 103. Since it is configured, as shown in FIG. 4, the leading edge 21 of the inclined plate 15 is disposed along the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100. In addition, the structure which the front-end edge part 21 of the inclined plates 15 and 15 and the wheel 100 for rails contact may be sufficient in this case, and the structure which these opposes through a slight clearance may be sufficient.
At the same time, the curved plate 16 is bent in an arc shape with a curvature similar to that of the tread surface 102 of the railway wheel 100, so that the curved plate 16 is an edge on the end surface side of the tread surface 102 of the railway wheel 100. It is arranged along. Also in this case, the curved plate 16 and the tread surface 102 of the railway wheel 100 may contact each other or may face each other with a slight clearance.

  In this way, the opening edge 17a of the coolant accommodating portion 17 composed of the tip edge 21 of the inclined plates 15 and 15 and the curved edge 16a of the curved plate 16 extends along the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100. Are arranged. Therefore, when the dry ice C is stored in the coolant storage unit 17, the dry ice C is held on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the moisture supply means 30 is configured to spray moisture on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100 at the lower portion of the rotating body cooling jig 10 with a nozzle. In addition, it is preferable that this moisture supply means 30 is arrange | positioned in the rotation direction front side of the wheel 100 for rails seeing from the rotary body cooling jig 10. FIG.
Furthermore, the moisture supply means 30 may be configured to supply moisture not only to the outer peripheral surface 101 but also to portions other than the outer peripheral surface 101 such as the end surface of the railway wheel 100.

Next, a method of generating an icing layer by cooling the railway wheel 100 as the rotating body by the icing layer generating apparatus 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
First, as described above, the railway wheel 100 is rotatably supported with its axis O1 substantially aligned in the horizontal direction, and then the rotating body cooling treatment is performed by covering the casing 11 from above the railway wheel 100. The tool 10 is installed. Then, the dry ice C is introduced into the housing body 12 from the introduction portion 14 a in the lid member 14 of the housing 11.

  The dry ice C introduced into the housing body 12 is accommodated in the coolant accommodating portion 17. At this time, the opening edge 17a of the coolant accommodating portion 17 has a shape along the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100, and the outer peripheral surface 101 of the rail wheel 100 is closed at the lower end opening. Therefore, the dry ice C does not fall from the coolant accommodating portion 17. Accordingly, the dry ice C accommodated in the coolant accommodating portion 17 is held on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100, that is, on the tread surface 102 and the flange portion 103.

  In this state, a portion of the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100 facing the coolant accommodating portion 17 contacts the bead-shaped dry ice C and is cooled. Further, since this dry ice C sublimates and does not become liquid, the outer peripheral surface 101 can be cooled in a dry state without containing moisture. In the case of cooling with dry ice C, it is preferable to stir the dry ice C by inserting a rod-shaped member from the introduction portion 14a of the housing 11, for example. Accordingly, cooling of the outer peripheral surface 101 by the dry ice C is promoted, and efficient cooling can be performed. Further, the dry ice C may be pressed toward the outer peripheral surface 101 with the rod-shaped member, thereby enabling more efficient cooling.

  Such cooling of the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100 is performed while rotating the railway wheel 100 at a rotational speed of about 3 rpm, for example. Thereby, the whole outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100 is sequentially cooled. Further, since the opening edge 17a of the coolant accommodating portion 17 has a shape along the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100, the rotation is prevented by the opening edge 17a even if the railway wheel 100 is rotated. It will never be done.

  Then, after the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100 is cooled by the dry ice C, water is sprayed on the outer peripheral surface 101 by the moisture supply means 30. Thereby, water is cooled and solidified on the surface of the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100, and an icing layer is generated on the outer peripheral surface 101. The railway wheel 100 on which the ice layer has been generated in this way is subjected to a brake test or other tests assuming a cold region.

  Here, in the rotating body cooling jig 10 of the frozen layer generating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, since the opening of the coolant container 17 is arranged so as to face the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100, the cooling The dry ice C introduced into the material accommodating portion 17 can be brought into direct contact with the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100, and a high cooling effect can be ensured.

  Further, the opening edge portion 17 a of the coolant accommodating portion 17 has a shape along the outer peripheral surface 101 so that the dry ice C is held on the outer peripheral surface 101. It wo n’t fall. Furthermore, even when the railway wheel 100 is rotated, it is possible to maintain a state in which the dry ice C is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100. Therefore, when the railway wheel 100 is rotated, the dry ice C in the coolant accommodating portion 17 can be sequentially brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100, so that the outer peripheral surface 101 is provided with a small amount of dry ice C. The whole can be efficiently cooled.

  Further, dry ice C having a higher cooling effect than liquid / gas is used as a coolant, and further, the dry ice C is formed in a bead shape, and the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100 that forms a curved surface. Since a large contact area can be secured, a high cooling effect can be obtained. Furthermore, since the dry ice C does not melt into a liquid but sublimates directly into a gas, the railway wheel 100 itself can be cooled in a dry state that does not contain moisture. Further, since the dry ice C is safe, inexpensive, and easily available, the railway wheel 100 can be reliably cooled to below the freezing point of −30 ° C. or lower at a low cost.

  In the present embodiment, since the inclined plates 15 and 15 are inclined, the own weight of a large number of dry ice C accommodated in the coolant accommodating portion 17 is concentrated on the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100. It becomes easy. Also by this, the cooling effect by the dry ice C can be improved.

  Then, water is sprayed on the railway wheel 100 thus cooled by the water supply means 30, thereby generating an icing layer similar to that in a cold region on the surface of the railway wheel 100, particularly on the outer peripheral surface 101. be able to.

  As described above, according to the frozen layer generating apparatus 1 and the rotating body cooling jig 10 of this embodiment, the bead-shaped dry ice C is brought into direct contact with a part of the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100. Even if this contact state is the case where the railway wheel 100 is rotated, it is configured to be held on the outer peripheral surface 101, so that the entire outer peripheral surface of the railway wheel 100 can be easily reached to a desired sub-freezing temperature. It can be cooled at a low cost. In addition, since an icing layer that is the same as an icing layer that occurs in a cold region can be reliably generated, a brake test can be performed in accordance with the current vehicle in the cold region.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, since the coolant accommodating portion 17 is provided inside the housing body 12, the opening edge portion 17 a of the coolant accommodating portion 17 faces the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100. Thus, the coolant accommodating portion 17 can be appropriately arranged. Moreover, since the heat insulation of the dry ice C accommodated in the coolant accommodating part 17 and the exterior can be improved, the cooling effect by the dry ice C can be further enhanced.

Next, the rotating body cooling jig 40 of 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated with reference to drawings.
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a rotating body cooling jig according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the rotating body cooling jig according to the second embodiment. The rotating body cooling jig 40 of the present embodiment is used for cooling the railway brake disk 110 used in a brake test assuming a cold region.

As shown in FIG. 7, the railway brake disk 110 has a substantially disk shape that rotates about the axis O2, is fixed to the wheel shaft to which the railway wheel 100 is attached, and both end faces are the disk surfaces 111, 111. Has been.
The railway brake disk 110 has an annular recess 112 centered on the axis O 2 on both disk surfaces 111, 111, an inner peripheral surface 113 facing the radially inner side of the annular recess 112, and the railway brake disk 110. A plurality of communication passages 115 are formed radially so that the outer peripheral surface 114 is in communication with each other. As a result, a plurality of heat dissipating fins 116 are radially arranged inside the railway brake disk 110.
In other words, the railway brake disk 110 includes a plurality of fins 116 extending in the radial direction therein, and a communication passage 115 that connects the outer peripheral surface 114 and the inner peripheral surface 113 is formed between the fins 116. -ing

  Such a brake disc 110 for railways is braked by sandwiching the disc surfaces 111 and 111 with a control device during braking. Therefore, in performing the brake test, the test is performed by generating an icing layer mainly on the disk surfaces 111 and 111 of the outer peripheral surface 114 of the railway brake disk 110. Therefore, it is necessary to cool both the disk surfaces 111 and 111 by the rotating body cooling jig 40 of the present embodiment.

  The rotating body cooling jig 40 of the present embodiment is used to cool the railway brake disk 110 that is rotatably supported with the axis O2 substantially aligned with the horizontal direction to a sub-freezing temperature of −30 degrees or less, for example. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the outer cover 50, the pair of inner covers 60, and the coolant container 70 having an opening are configured.

  The outer peripheral cover 50 is a member that covers the entire area of the outer peripheral surface 114 of the railway brake disc 110, and has a belt shape that is substantially the same width as the thickness of the outer peripheral surface 114 of the railway brake disc 110 in the direction of the axis O2. An upper cover 51 that curves along the surface 114 and covers the upper half of the outer peripheral surface 114, and a lower cover 52 that also curves along the outer peripheral surface 114 and covers the lower half of the outer peripheral surface 114. It is configured.

  The top cover 51 is formed with a cutout portion 53 to which the opening of the coolant accommodating portion 70 is connected at the top, and a fixing handle 54 extending toward the outer peripheral side is provided on the side portion. .

Each of the upper cover 51 and the lower cover 52 is provided with a plurality of fixing ribs 55 extending from both ends in the width direction toward the inside of the curve, that is, toward the inside in the radial direction of the railway brake disk 110. . These fixing ribs 55 are in contact with both disk surfaces 111, 111 of the railway brake disk 110 and are supported from the direction of the axis O2, so that the upper cover 51, the lower cover 52 and the railway brake disk 110 are fixed and integrated. The
In addition, it is preferable that the contact surfaces of the upper cover 51 and the lower cover 52 with the outer peripheral surface 114 of the railway brake disc 110 are smooth curved surfaces so that the upper cover 51 and the lower cover 52 can easily come into sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface 114.

  The inner peripheral cover 60 is a member that covers the entire area of the inner peripheral surface 113 of the annular recess 112 formed on both the disk surfaces 111 of the railway brake disk 110, and has substantially the same dimensions as the depth of the annular recess 112. Two band-like members 61 and 61 having a width are connected by a connecting member 62.

  Then, by attaching the outer peripheral cover 50 and the pair of inner peripheral covers 60 to the railway brake disc 110, the outer peripheral surface 114 and the inner peripheral surface 113 of the railway brake disc 110 are covered. Both ends of the communication path 115 communicating with the surface 113 are closed.

In the present embodiment, the coolant accommodating portion 70 has a cylindrical shape penetrating in the vertical direction, and more specifically, has a substantially hopper shape in which the outer dimension is reduced downward. The opening edge 71 of the opening has a shape along the outer peripheral surface 114 of the railway brake disc 110, and the opening edge 71 is connected to the cutout 53 of the upper cover 51 in the outer peripheral cover 50. In this manner, the coolant container 70 is fixed to the outer peripheral cover 50. Moreover, the opening edge part 71 of the coolant accommodating part 70 faces the outer peripheral surface of the brake disc 110 for railways by this.
Further, as the coolant introduced into the coolant accommodating section 70, bead-like, for example, dry ice C having sublimation properties is used as in the first embodiment. Also, as in the first embodiment, other solid coolant such as solid neon may be used.

  In order to cool the railway brake disc 110 in the rotating body cooling jig 40 of the second embodiment configured as described above, dry ice C is introduced into the coolant accommodating portion 70 as shown in FIG. As a result, the dry ice C comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface 114 of the railway brake disk 110. At this time, since the opening edge 71 of the coolant container 70 has a shape along the outer peripheral surface 114, the dry ice C is held on the outer peripheral surface 114. A part of the dry ice C enters the communication path 115 that connects the outer peripheral surface 114 and the inner peripheral surface.

  Next, the railroad brake disc 110 is rotated while the fixing handle 54 provided on the outer peripheral cover 50 is held. Then, the rail brake disc 110 and the inner peripheral cover 60 rotate integrally while the outer peripheral cover 50 and the rail brake disc 110 are in sliding contact with each other. At this time, since the opening edge 71 of the opening of the coolant accommodating portion 70 has a shape along the outer peripheral surface 114, the rotation of the railway brake disk 110 is not hindered by the coolant accommodating portion 70. . Therefore, the entire outer peripheral surface 114 of the railway brake disk 110 is cooled by the dry ice C to the sub-freezing temperature by the rotation of the railway brake disk 110. Further, the rail brake disc 110 is also cooled from the inside by the dry ice C that has entered the communication path 115.

  Further, by cooling the outer peripheral surface 114 to the sub-freezing temperature in this way, the disk surfaces 111 and 111 are also cooled to the sub-freezing temperature by the heat conduction of the railway brake disc 110 itself. For example, by spraying water on the disk surfaces 111 and 111 by the water supply means 30 similar to that of the first embodiment, an icing layer is generated on the disk surfaces 111 and 111, and a brake test assuming a cold region is performed. Can be provided.

  Here, in the rotating body cooling jig 40 of the present embodiment, since the opening edge portion 71 of the coolant accommodating portion 70 is disposed so as to face the outer peripheral surface 114 of the railway brake disk 110, the coolant accommodating portion is arranged. The dry ice C introduced into the portion 70 can be brought into direct contact with the outer peripheral surface 114 to ensure a high cooling effect. Further, since the dry ice C can be rotated while being held on the outer peripheral surface 114, the entire outer peripheral surface 114 can be efficiently cooled. Furthermore, by using the sublimable dry ice C in the form of beads, the disk surfaces 111 and 111 can be cooled to a desired sub-freezing temperature while maintaining a dry state. By spraying water on the surface, an ice layer similar to that in a cold region can be generated.

  Further, since the dry ice C that has entered the communication path 115 is held in the communication path 115 by the outer peripheral cover 50 that covers the outer peripheral surface 114 and the inner peripheral cover 60 that covers the inner peripheral surface 113, the dry ice C falls. There is no end to it. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently utilize the dry ice C and efficiently cool it from the inside of the railway brake disk 110.

  Further, since the coolant accommodating portion 70 has the hopper shape, the weight of the many dry ice C accommodated in the coolant accommodating portion 70 is easily concentrated on the outer peripheral surface 114 of the railway brake disk 110, The cooling effect by dry ice C can be improved.

  Further, in the rotating body cooling jig 40 of the second embodiment, it is preferable to stir the dry ice C in the coolant container 70 as in the first embodiment. Thereby, the cooling of the outer peripheral surface 114 by the dry ice C is promoted, and more efficient cooling can be performed.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit thereof.

For example, as a modification of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, a heavy stone member (pressurizing member) that presses a large number of dry ice C accommodated in the coolant accommodating portion 17 toward the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100. Pressure means) 80 may be provided.
By pressing the dry ice C with the weight member 80, the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100 and the dry ice C can be brought into close contact with each other, and the contact area thereof can be increased. The cooling effect can be improved and cooling can be performed more efficiently. This makes it possible to reliably cool to a desired sub-freezing temperature in a short time.

  Further, it is preferable that the weight member 80 is provided with a heat insulating material 81 particularly in a portion in contact with the dry ice C. Thereby, since the heat insulation with the dry ice C accommodated in the coolant accommodating part 17 and the exterior can be improved, the contribution of the heat absorption from the outer peripheral surface 101 of the wheel 100 for railways is increased, and more It becomes possible to cool the railway wheel 100 effectively.

Further, the pressurizing means for pressing the dry ice C toward the outer peripheral surface 101 of the railway wheel 100 is not limited to the above-mentioned weight member 80, and may have other configurations, for example, applying a desired load. You may use the press apparatus which can be used.
Moreover, you may apply such a pressurization means to the rotary body cooling jig 40 of 2nd Embodiment. Thereby, the brake disc 110 for railroads can be cooled more efficiently.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the railway wheel 100 and the railway brake disk 110 are cooled, respectively, but the cooling target is not limited to these, and other disk-shaped rotations. It may be a body. Examples include a rotating body such as a wind power generator used in a cold region and a brake rotor of an automobile.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Freezing layer production | generation apparatus 10 Rotating body cooling jig | tool 11 Housing | casing 12 Housing | casing main body 13 Support bar 14 Lid member 14a Introduction part 15 Inclined plate 16 Curved plate 16a Curved edge part 17 Coolant accommodating part 17a Opening edge part 20 Side wall 20a Side wall 20b Side wall 20c Side wall 20d Side wall 21 Tip edge 21a Linear part 21b Curved part 30 Water supply means 40 Rotating body cooling jig 50 Outer cover 51 Upper cover 52 Lower cover 53 Cutout part 54 Fixing handle 55 Fixing rib 60 Inner peripheral cover 61 Band-shaped member 62 Connecting member 70 Coolant accommodating portion 71 Opening edge 80 Weight member (pressurizing means)
81 Heat Insulation Material 100 Railway Wheel 101 Outer Surface 102 Tread Surface 103 Flange 110 Railway Brake Disc 111 Disc Surface 112 Annular Recess 113 Inner Surface 114 Outer Surface 115 Communication Path 116 Fin C Dry Ice O1 Axis O2 Axis

Claims (8)

A rotating body cooling jig that cools a rotating body that is rotatably supported,
A coolant accommodating portion is provided that is supported so that the opening faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body, and a coolant is introduced above the opening,
As the coolant, a sublimable solid coolant in the form of beads is used,
A rotating body cooling jig characterized in that an opening edge portion of the opening is shaped along the outer peripheral surface so that the solid coolant is held on the outer peripheral surface.   The rotating body cooling jig according to claim 1, further comprising a pressurizing unit that presses the solid coolant toward an outer peripheral surface of the rotating body. The pressing means is a pressing member that presses the solid coolant from above,
The rotating body cooling jig according to claim 2, wherein the pressing member is provided with a heat insulating material. The rotating body is a railway wheel,
The said opening edge part of the said coolant accommodating part is formed along the shape of the tread which hits the outer peripheral surface of the said wheel for railroads, and a flange part, It is any one of Claim 1 to 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Rotating body cooling jig. A casing that covers the railway wheel from above is formed in a tubular shape,
The rotating body cooling jig according to claim 4, wherein the coolant container is provided inside the casing. The rotating body includes a plurality of heat-dissipating fins extending in the radial direction inside the rotating body, and a communication brake passage that communicates the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the rotating body between the fins. Because
An outer peripheral cover covering the entire outer peripheral surface of the rotating body;
An inner peripheral cover covering the entire inner peripheral surface of the rotating body is provided,
The outer peripheral cover is fixed so as not to rotate, and when the rotating body rotates, it slides on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body,
The rotating body cooling jig according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the opening edge portion of the coolant accommodating portion is connected to a cutout portion formed in the outer peripheral cover.   The rotating body cooling jig according to claim 1, wherein the solid coolant is dry ice. An icing layer generating device for generating an icing layer on the surface of the rotating body,
The rotating body cooling jig according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
An icing layer generating apparatus comprising a water supply means for spraying water onto a surface of the rotating body cooled by the coolant.

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