JP2011006601A - Manufacturing method of emulsion fuel - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of emulsion fuel Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011006601A JP2011006601A JP2009152372A JP2009152372A JP2011006601A JP 2011006601 A JP2011006601 A JP 2011006601A JP 2009152372 A JP2009152372 A JP 2009152372A JP 2009152372 A JP2009152372 A JP 2009152372A JP 2011006601 A JP2011006601 A JP 2011006601A
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- emulsion fuel
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、燃焼性と安定性に優れるエマルジョン燃料の簡易かつ安価な製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a simple and inexpensive method for producing an emulsion fuel excellent in combustibility and stability.
昨今の原油の高騰、地球環境保全のための二酸化炭素の排出量削減といった社会的ニーズなどを背景として、重油をはじめとする燃料油と水をエマルジョン化した燃料（エマルジョン燃料）が注目されて久しいことはよく知られた事実であり、これまでにも様々なエマルジョン燃料の製造方法が提案されている（例えば特許文献１など）。しかしながら、エマルジョン燃料は、燃焼させた際、燃料油を単独で燃焼させた際に比較して一般に燃焼温度が低く、燃焼性に劣るといった問題がある。また、エマルジョン燃料は、通常、その安定性を確保するために界面活性剤などの乳化剤を添加して製造されるため、製造コストが高いといった問題もある。 Fuel oil (emulsion fuel) that emulsified fuel oil and water, including heavy oil, has been attracting attention for a long time, against the background of the recent soaring crude oil prices and the social needs of reducing carbon dioxide emissions to protect the global environment. This is a well-known fact, and various emulsion fuel production methods have been proposed (eg, Patent Document 1). However, emulsion fuel has a problem that when it is burned, it generally has a low combustion temperature and is inferior in combustibility compared to when fuel oil is burned alone. In addition, since emulsion fuel is usually produced by adding an emulsifier such as a surfactant to ensure its stability, there is also a problem that the production cost is high.
そこで本発明は、燃焼性と安定性に優れるエマルジョン燃料の簡易かつ安価な製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 Then, this invention aims at providing the simple and cheap manufacturing method of the emulsion fuel which is excellent in combustibility and stability.
本発明者らは、上記の点に鑑みて鋭意研究を重ねた結果、静止型ミキサーを用いて燃料油と水をエマルジョン化する際、予め燃料油と水からなる混合物に空気を混入しておくことで、燃焼性に優れるエマルジョン燃料が得られること、こうして得られたエマルジョン燃料は、乳化剤が添加されていないにもかかわらず、１日〜３日程度は燃料油と水が分離することなく安定であることを知見した。 As a result of intensive studies in view of the above points, the present inventors have previously mixed air into a mixture of fuel oil and water when emulsifying fuel oil and water using a static mixer. Thus, an emulsion fuel with excellent combustibility can be obtained, and the emulsion fuel obtained in this way is stable without separation of fuel oil and water for about 1 to 3 days, even though no emulsifier is added. I found out.
上記の知見に基づいてなされた本発明のエマルジョン燃料の製造方法は、請求項１記載の通り、所定の割合で混合された燃料油と水に空気を混入せしめた流体物（但し乳化剤は含まない）を静止型ミキサーに圧送し、エマルジョン化することを特徴とする。 The method for producing an emulsion fuel according to the present invention based on the above knowledge, as described in claim 1, is a fluid in which air is mixed in fuel oil and water mixed at a predetermined ratio (but does not include an emulsifier). ) To a stationary mixer and emulsified.
本発明によれば、燃焼性と安定性に優れるエマルジョン燃料の簡易かつ安価な製造方法を提供することができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the simple and cheap manufacturing method of the emulsion fuel which is excellent in combustibility and stability can be provided.
本発明のエマルジョン燃料の製造方法は、所定の割合で混合された燃料油と水に空気を混入せしめた流体物（但し乳化剤は含まない）を静止型ミキサーに圧送し、エマルジョン化することを特徴とするものである。本発明において、エマルジョン燃料の原料となる燃料油としては、例えば重油の他、軽油、重質油、灯油、廃油などを挙げることができる。燃料油と水の混合割合としては、例えば９：１〜６：４を挙げることができる（体積比）。本発明において用いる静止型ミキサーは、機械的可動部を備えず、圧送されてくる流体物に対して抵抗の役割を果たす１ないし２以上の個数のエレメントに流体物を衝突させることで生じる剪断応力の作用によって流体物を均質にミキシングできるものとして当業者に公知のものであればどのようなものであってもよいが、燃料油と水に対する分子レベルでの剪断を可能とする分散力（＞６×１０２３）を発揮し得るものが望ましく、そのような市販の装置としては、例えば共同技術検査株式会社製のＮライザー（製品名）を挙げることができる。 The method for producing an emulsion fuel of the present invention is characterized in that a fuel oil mixed with a predetermined ratio and a fluid in which water is mixed in water (but not including an emulsifier) are pumped to a static mixer and emulsified. It is what. In the present invention, examples of the fuel oil used as the raw material for the emulsion fuel include light oil, heavy oil, kerosene, waste oil and the like in addition to heavy oil. Examples of the mixing ratio of fuel oil and water include 9: 1 to 6: 4 (volume ratio). The static mixer used in the present invention does not have a mechanical moving part, and shear stress generated by impinging the fluid on one or more elements that play a role of resistance against the fluid being pumped. Any of those known to those skilled in the art as being capable of homogeneously mixing a fluid substance by the action of (1), a dispersion force (> 6 × 10 23 ) is desirable, and examples of such commercially available devices include N riser (product name) manufactured by Kyodo Technical Inspection Co., Ltd.
本発明のエマルジョン燃料の製造方法を実施するための装置の一例の全体図を図１に示す。図１に示すエマルジョン燃料製造装置１は次のようにして運転される。まず、タンク２に燃料油と水が所定の割合で供給され、バルブ３が開かれるとともに、バルブ４が閉じられることで、所定の割合の燃料油と水がポンプ５によって混合機６に圧送され、混合された後、タンク２に回収される。混合機６は燃料油と水を混合することができるものであれば静止型ミキサーをはじめどのようなものであってもよい。タンク２→ポンプ５→混合機６→タンク２の循環による燃料油と水の混合を一定の時間行った後、バルブ３が閉じられるとともに、バルブ４が開かれ、タンク２に貯留された所定の割合で混合された燃料油と水からなる流体物がポンプ５によってポンプ７に圧送される。その途中、所定の割合で混合された燃料油と水からなる流体物に対して側方より空気が混入される。ポンプ７に圧送されてきた所定の割合で混合された燃料油と水に空気を混入せしめた流体物は、ポンプ５による圧送圧力よりも高い圧送圧力で静止型ミキサー８に圧送され、エマルジョン化される。こうして製造されたエマルジョン燃料は、バーナー９に送り込まれ、燃焼させることができる。なお、静止型ミキサー８によって製造されたエマルジョン燃料のバーナー９への送り込みは、流量計１０とサイトグラス１１からの目視によってその作動確認が行われ、余剰のエマルジョン燃料はタンク２に回収される。 An overall view of an example of an apparatus for carrying out the method for producing an emulsion fuel of the present invention is shown in FIG. The emulsion fuel production apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 is operated as follows. First, fuel oil and water are supplied to the tank 2 at a predetermined ratio, the valve 3 is opened and the valve 4 is closed, so that a predetermined ratio of fuel oil and water is pumped to the mixer 6 by the pump 5. Are mixed and then collected in the tank 2. Mixer 6 the static mixer may be of any type initially long as it can be mixed fuel oil and water. After the fuel oil and water are mixed for a certain period of time by circulating the tank 2 → the pump 5 → the mixer 6 → the tank 2, the valve 3 is closed and the valve 4 is opened. A fluid composed of fuel oil and water mixed at a ratio is pumped to the pump 7 by the pump 5. On the way, air is mixed from the side with respect to the fluid substance which consists of fuel oil and water mixed by the predetermined ratio. The fluid mixed with the fuel oil and water mixed at a predetermined ratio, which has been pumped to the pump 7, is pumped to the stationary mixer 8 at a pumping pressure higher than the pumping pressure of the pump 5, and is emulsified. The The emulsion fuel thus produced can be fed into the burner 9 and burned. The operation of feeding the emulsion fuel produced by the static mixer 8 to the burner 9 is confirmed by visual observation from the flow meter 10 and the sight glass 11, and surplus emulsion fuel is collected in the tank 2.
図１に示すエマルジョン燃料製造装置１を用いたエマルジョン燃料の製造例を以下に示す。燃料油はＡ重油（出光興産株式会社製）を用いた。燃料油と水の供給割合は８：２とした（体積比）。混合機６は共同技術検査株式会社製の静止型ミキサーであるＮライザー（製品名）の型番ＳＰ０５Ｕ３を用い、静止型ミキサー８は同、型番ＳＰ０５Ｕ５を用いた。ポンプ５の圧力：０．２ＭＰａ、ポンプ７の圧力：２ＭＰａ、空気導入のコンプレッサー圧：０．６ＭＰａの条件で製造したエマルジョン燃料を燃焼させた際の燃焼温度変化を、同用量の重油を燃焼させた際の燃焼温度変化とともに図２に示す。図２から明らかなように、図１に示すエマルジョン燃料製造装置１を用いて製造されたエマルジョン燃料（本発明ＥＭ）は、同用量の重油よりも２割も重油が少ないにもかかわらず、同用量の重油を燃焼させた際と同等もしくはそれ以上の燃焼温度を達成し、燃焼性に優れることがわかった。また、図１に示すエマルジョン燃料製造装置１を用いて製造されたエマルジョン燃料は、乳化剤を添加していないにもかかわらず１日程度は重油と水が分離することなく安定であった。以上の結果は、ポンプ７の圧力と静止型ミキサー８の内部抵抗によってミキサー内に形成された高温高圧の剪断応力場で重油と水が均質にミキシングされるとともに、空気に含まれる酸素が重油に優先的に溶け込んだことによるものと考えられた（空気に含まれる酸素の重油への溶解度は水への溶解度に比較してモル分率で約１００倍大きいが、この高い溶解性が高温高圧の剪断応力場でも減じられることなく反映されたものと推察される）。なお、空気を混入しないこと以外は上記と同じ条件で製造したエマルジョン燃料は、燃焼させた際、同用量の重油を燃焼させた際よりも燃焼温度が約１００℃低く、また、半日程度で重油と水が分離した。 An example of emulsion fuel production using the emulsion fuel production apparatus 1 shown in FIG. As fuel oil, A heavy oil (manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.) was used. The supply ratio of fuel oil and water was 8: 2 (volume ratio). The mixer 6 used model number SP05U3 of N riser (product name) which is a static mixer manufactured by Kyodo Technical Inspection Co., Ltd., and the static mixer 8 used model number SP05U5. The pressure of the pump 5: 0.2 MPa, the pressure of the pump 7: 2 MPa, the air pressure of the compressor: 0.6 MPa, the combustion temperature change when burning the emulsion fuel produced under the conditions of burning the same amount of heavy oil It is shown in FIG. As is clear from FIG. 2, the emulsion fuel (EM of the present invention) produced using the emulsion fuel production apparatus 1 shown in FIG. A combustion temperature equivalent to or higher than that when burning a dose of heavy oil was achieved, and the flammability was found to be excellent. In addition, the emulsion fuel produced using the emulsion fuel production apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 was stable without separation of heavy oil and water for about one day even though no emulsifier was added. The above results show that heavy oil and water are homogeneously mixed in the high-temperature and high-pressure shear stress field formed in the mixer by the pressure of the pump 7 and the internal resistance of the static mixer 8, and oxygen contained in the air is converted into heavy oil. It was thought that this was due to the preferential dissolution (the solubility of oxygen contained in air in heavy oil was about 100 times greater in molar fraction than the solubility in water. It is assumed that the shear stress field was reflected without being reduced). The emulsion fuel produced under the same conditions as described above except that air is not mixed has a combustion temperature lower by about 100 ° C. when burned than when the same amount of heavy oil is burned, and it takes about half a day to burn heavy oil. And water separated.
本発明は、燃焼性と安定性に優れるエマルジョン燃料の簡易かつ安価な製造方法を提供することができる点において産業上の利用可能性を有する。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention has industrial applicability in that it can provide a simple and inexpensive method for producing an emulsion fuel excellent in combustibility and stability.
１ エマルジョン燃料製造装置
２ タンク
３ バルブ
４ バルブ
５ ポンプ
６ 混合機
７ ポンプ
８ 静止型ミキサー
９ バーナー
１０ 流量計
１１ サイトグラス
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Emulsion fuel manufacturing apparatus 2 Tank 3 Valve 4 Valve 5 Pump 6 Mixer 7 Pump 8 Stationary mixer 9 Burner 10 Flow meter 11 Sight glass
Claims (1)
A method for producing an emulsion fuel, characterized in that a fuel oil and water mixed at a predetermined ratio are mixed with air (but not including an emulsifier) and are emulsified by being pumped to a static mixer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009152372A JP2011006601A (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2009-06-26 | Manufacturing method of emulsion fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009152372A JP2011006601A (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2009-06-26 | Manufacturing method of emulsion fuel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2011006601A true JP2011006601A (en) | 2011-01-13 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009152372A Withdrawn JP2011006601A (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2009-06-26 | Manufacturing method of emulsion fuel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2011006601A (en) |
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2009
- 2009-06-26 JP JP2009152372A patent/JP2011006601A/en not_active Withdrawn
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20120904 |