JP2010514731A - 志賀毒素のbサブユニットを含む組成物およびnkt細胞の刺激方法 - Google Patents
志賀毒素のbサブユニットを含む組成物およびnkt細胞の刺激方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
a)抗原と複合化した、志賀毒素のBサブユニットまたはGb3受容体に結合できるその機能的同等物および
b)NKT細胞を刺激できるCD1の少なくとも1種のリガンドを含む組成物を提供することである。
GSL-1およびGSL'1からなる群から選択されたスフィンゴモナス属由来スフィンゴ糖脂質、または
BbGL-IおよびBbGL-IIからなる群から選択されたボレリア属由来糖脂質、または
マイコバクテリア属由来リン酸糖脂質PIMである。
STxBは志賀毒素サブユニットBまたはその機能的同等物であり、
Zはスルフヒドリル基を有さないアミノ酸であり、nは0、1またはポリペプチドであり、
Cysはアミノ酸システインである。
b)NKT細胞を刺激できるCD1の少なくとも1種のリガンドを含む少なくとも1個の第2の容器を含む医薬キットを提供することも本発明の目的である。
「個体」とは、哺乳類、特に人類を意味する。
本発明は、
a)抗原と複合化した、志賀毒素のBサブユニットまたはGb3受容体に結合できるその機能的同等物および
b)NKT細胞を刺激できるCD1の少なくとも1種のリガンドを含む組成物に関する。
R2はH、
R3およびR6はそれぞれHまたはOHを表し、
R4はH、OHまたは
R5はHまたは
Xは19から23までの整数であり、R7は以下の群(a)〜(g)のいずれか1つを表し、
(a)-(CH2)11-CH3、
(b)-(CH2)12-CH3、
(c)-(CH2)13-CH3、
(d)-(CH2)-CH(CH3)2、
(e)-(CH2)10-CH(CH3)2、
(f)-(CH2)11-CH(CH3)2、
(g)-(CH2)11-CH(CH3)2-C2H5、
R1、R2、R4およびR5の少なくとも1個がグリコシル部分である。
R2は、HまたはOHを表し、Xは0〜26の整数を表し、またはRは(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CH3であり、
R1は以下の(a)〜(e)によって定義される置換基のいずれか1つを表し、
(a)-CH2(CH2)yCH3、
(b)-CH(OH)(CH2)2CH3、
(c)-CH(OH)(CH2)yCH(CH3)2、
(d)-CH=CH(CH2)yCH3および
(e)-CH(OH)(CH2)yCH(CH3)CH2CH3、
Yは5〜17の整数を表す。
(a)-CH2(CH2)γCH3、
(b)-CH(OH)(CH2)γCH3、
(c)-CH(OH)(CH2)γCH(CH2)2、
(d)-CH=CH(CH2)γCH3、
(e)-CH(OH)(CH2)γCH(CH3)CH2CH3、
R3からR9は以下のi)およびii)のいずれか1つで定義された置換基を表し、
i)R3、R6およびR8がHを表すとき、R4はH、OH、NH2、NHCOCH3または以下の群(A)から(D)からなる群から選択された置換基を表し、
(a)-(CH2)11-CH3、
(b)-(CH2)12-CH3、
(c)-(CH2)13-CH3、
(d)-(CH2)9-CH(CH3)2、
(e)-(CH2)10-CH(CH3)2、
(f)-(CH2)11-CH(CH3)2、
(g)-(CH2)11-CH(CH3)2-C2H5。
R3はOHまたは単糖であり、R4は水素であるか、またはR3は水素であり、R4はOHまたは単糖であり、
R5は水素または単糖であり、
Q1は場合によって存在し、C1〜10直鎖もしくは分枝鎖アルキレン、アルケニレンまたはアルキニレンであり、
X'は場合によって存在し、O、SまたはNR8であり、
Q2は場合によって存在し、C1〜10直鎖もしくは分枝鎖アルキレン、アルケニレンまたはアルキニレンであり、
X''は場合によって存在し、O、SまたはNR8であり、
Q3は直鎖もしくは分枝鎖C1〜10アルキレン、アルケニレンまたはアルキニレン、あるいは水素であり、Q1、Q2またはQ3はそれぞれ場合によってヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、シアノ、ニトロ、SO2NHR8またはC(=O)-R9で置換されており、
R8は水素、C1〜5アルキル、C1〜5アルコキシ、ハロゲン、シアノ、ニトロ、SO2またはC(=O)-R9であり、
R9は水素、C1〜5アルキル、C1〜5アルコキシまたはNHR10であり、
R10は水素、C1〜5アルキルまたはC1〜5アルコキシである。
R1=Hまたはアルキル基であり、
R2=HまたはSO3 -であり、
R3=HまたはOHであり、
R3'=HまたはOHであり、
R4=H、不飽和または飽和アルキル基であり、
R4'=H、不飽和または飽和アルキル基であり、および
R5=OH、アセトアミドまたはハロゲン原子であり、
R=CH2OR1、R2=H、R3'がOHであり、R3がHであるとき、R5=アキシャル位のアセトアミド、ハロゲン原子またはOHであるか、あるいはR4=H、9個以下の炭素原子を有する不飽和または飽和アルキル鎖であり、R4'=H、20個以下の炭素原子を有する不飽和または飽和アルキル鎖である。
GSL-1およびGSL'1からなる群から選択されたスフィンゴモナス属由来のスフィンゴ糖脂質、または
BbGL-IおよびBbGL-IIからなる群から選択されたボレリア属由来の糖脂質、または
マイコバクテリア属由来のリン酸糖脂質PIMである。
STxBは志賀毒素Bサブユニットまたはその機能的同等物であり、
Zはスルフヒドリル基を有さないアミノ酸であり、nは0、1またはポリペプチドであり、
Cysはアミノ酸システインである。
COOH-MKKTLLIAASLSFFSASALATPDCVTGKVE
YTKYNDDDTFTVKVGDKELF
TNRWNLQSLLLSAQITGMTVTIKTNACHNGGGFSEVIFRC-NH2。
Br-CH2-CO-O-CO-CH2-Br+NH2-抗原=>Br-CH2-CO-NH-抗原+Br-CH2-COOH
STxB-Cys-SH+Br-CH2-CO-NH-抗原=>STxB-Cys-S-CH2-CO-NH-抗原+HBr
a)前述のように、抗原と複合化した、志賀毒素のBサブユニットまたはGb3受容体に結合できるその機能的同等物を含む第1の容器、および
b)前述のようにNKT細胞を刺激できるCD1の少なくとも1種のリガンドを含む少なくとも1個の第2の容器を含む医薬キットである。
以下の説明において、詳細な手順を述べていない分子生物学的実験は全て、標準的手順に従って実施する。
マウス
雌のC57/BL/6(H-2b)マウスは、Charles River Laboratories(L'Arbresle, France)から購入した。H-2Kbに関して卵白アルブミン(OVA)ペプチド(SIINFEKL)に特異的なOT-I TCRトランスジェニック(TG)マウスは、C Leclerc博士(Institut Pasteur)によって供与された。OVA-TGマウスは、P.Shrikant博士(Roswell Park Cancer Institute、Buffalo、NY)からM.K Jenkins博士(University of Minnesota)の承諾を得て入手した。これらのマウスは、C57BL/6背景を表し、ほとんどのアクチン発現細胞においてトリ卵白アルブミン(OVA)の膜関連型を低レベルで発現する。特定の病原体を含まない状態下でマウスを維持し、研究所の指針に従って6周齢と8週齢の間で使用した。
精製したトリ卵白アルブミン(OVA)(第V等級)は、Sigma(St Quentin Fallavier、France)から購入した。合成OVA由来ペプチドOVA257〜264(SIINFEKL)およびHPV16-E7由来ペプチドE749〜57(RAHYNIVTF)またはE743〜57(GQAEPDRAHYNIVTF)は、NeoMPS(Strasbourg、France)から入手し、PBS中で保存した。
マウス胸腺腫細胞系EL4(H-2b)は、K.Rock(University of Massachusetts Medical School、Worcester、MA)およびP Jeannin(Angers University Hospital、France)によって恵与された。
StxB-OVAを注射した後誘導された抗-OVA257〜264/KbCD8+T細胞の機能性は、ELISPOTによって製造者(Diaclone、Besancon、France)の推奨に従って測定した。簡単に説明すると、CD8+T細胞105個を抗マウスIFNγmAbで予めコーティングしたプレートに移し、既にOVA257〜264ペプチドでパルスした(またはパルスしていない)EL4細胞105個と37℃で18時間培養し、1%パラホルムアルデヒドで固定した。洗浄後、プレートをさらにビオチン化抗マウスIFNγmAbとインキュベートした。最後に、このプレートを洗浄し、アルカリホスファターゼ標識ストレプトアビジンと37℃で30分間インキュベートした。5-ブロモ-4-クロロ-3-インドリル-ホスファターゼ/ニトロブルーテトラゾリウムを添加することによってスポットが生じた。陽性対照には、ホルボールミリステートアセテート(100ng/ml、Sigma)およびイオノマイシン(500ng/ml、Sigma)で刺激した細胞を含めた。対照は、OVA257〜264ペプチド非存在下で培養した細胞から構成された。IFNγスポット形成細胞(SFC)は、KS-ELISPOT系(Carl Zeiss、Munich、Germany)で計数した。
細胞傷害性は、既に記載されたように(Haicheur,N.他、2000年、J Immunol 165:3301〜3308)51Cr標識標的細胞で評価した。
抗OVA257〜264/Kbまたは抗-E749〜57/Db特異的CD8+T細胞を検出するために、細胞を製造者の推奨に従って(Beckman-Coulter Immunomics、Marseilles、France)OVA257〜264/KbまたはE749〜57/Dbテトラマーで染色した。簡単に説明すると、細胞をPE標識テトラマーとインキュベートした(暗所において4℃で45分間)。インキュベーションして洗浄した後、標識した抗CD8mAb(ebioscience、San Diego、CA)を使用して、陽性テトラマーCD8+T細胞の表現型を決定した。KbまたはDb分子と関連したVSV由来ペプチドを認識する関係のないテトラマーを各実験で使用した。未処理の非免疫マウスもこれらの実験の対照として含めた。
CD4+T細胞は、脾臓から精製し、CFSE(Molecular Probes、Eugene、OR)を0.5μMで20℃で30分間使用して標識した。標識は、5%FCSを補給した氷冷PBSで繰り返し洗浄することによって停止した。次に、細胞をT細胞除去脾細胞とインキュベートし、APCは遊離卵白アルブミンタンパク質でパルスするか、またはパルスせず、AIM V血清を含まない培地で5日間一緒に培養した。APC感作を行わなかった増殖を、卵白アルブミンパルス後に得られた値から背景として差し引いた。
OT-1マウスから得られた抗OVA特異的CD8+T細胞をCFSEで標識した。様々なワクチン製剤をワクチン接種したマウスから記載したように(37)単離したCD11c+の豊富な樹状細胞(106個)をOT-1細胞(5.105個)と72時間一緒に培養した。FACS分析によって検出されたCFSEの希釈度は、抗原認識後のOT-1細胞増殖の指標と考えられる。
既に記載されたように実施した。(Haicheur,N.、F.他2003.Int Immunol 15:1〜11)。
C57BL/6マウス(群当たり5匹)の腹腔内に様々なワクチン製剤(200μl)を2回(d0およびd21)注射し、対照マウスにはPBSを注射した。最後の注射から8日後に、マウスは卵白アルブミンまたはN Etchart博士(INSERM、Lyon)およびLone Yu Chun博士(Institut Pasteur)それぞれから恵与されたB型肝炎ウイルスから得られたHBxcDNAのいずれかを発現している組換えワクシニアウイルス(rVV、ウェスタンリザーブ種)2.5×106PFUで腹腔内曝露した。4日後、マウスの卵巣を摘出し、機械的組織粉砕器でホモゲナイズした。ホモジェネートを4000gで10分間遠心して清澄化し、得られた上清のrVV PFUの数は、これらの液体の10倍希釈系列をBHK21細胞単層に感染させることによって数え、プラークは、既に記載されたように(52)、37℃で5%CO2中で2日間培養した後計数した。
α-GalCerは、抗原に結合したSTxBが特異的CTLを誘導する効果を増大させた。
最初の一連の実験では、STxB-OVAが特異的CTL応答を誘発する効果を増大させる十分に確立された様々なアジュバントの能力を試験した。
以前の研究では、α-GalCerのアジュバント特性は、DCの成熟を促進する能力と関連していた。マウスにα-GalCerを投与した後、共刺激分子(CD86など)およびMHCクラスIIの迅速な増加が認められた(データは示さず)。しかし、この研究で使用したその他のアジュバント(CpG、ポリ(I:C)など)も樹状細胞を活性化するが、StxB免疫原性に対するそれらの増強効果は中程度に維持されることも確認された(図1およびデータは示さず)。
ほとんどの腫瘍抗原は自己抗原であり、慢性感染中はウイルスタンパク質に対する寛容が既に確立されるので、卵白アルブミンおよびウイルスタンパク質などの外因性抗原は、治療用ワクチンを開発する臨床症状に似ていないことはしばしば指摘されている。したがって、これらの指摘のため、見込みのあるワクチンは自己抗原に対する寛容を破壊する能力があることが期待される。この目的のため、全細胞の表面上に卵白アルブミンを発現する新規トランスジェニックマウスモデルを選択した。これらのマウスにSTxB-OVAを単独でワクチン接種すると、初回または二次免疫の後の様々な時点において、血液または脾臓のいずれにおいても抗OVA257〜264CD8+T細胞の誘導は認められなかった(図6およびデータは示さず)。対照的に、特異的テトラマーアッセイでは、α-GalCerと一緒にしたSTxB-OVAで免疫したマウス11匹のうち8匹において、抗OVA257〜264CD8+T細胞の顕著なレベルが検出された(図6)。それらの何匹か(ワクチン接種したマウス7匹のうち4匹)は、Elispotアッセイを使用するとIFNγを生成していたので、機能を果たしていた。これらの特異的CD8+T細胞は、免疫前に存在していなかったので、ワクチンによって誘導されたものと考えられた(データは示さず)。これらの抗OVA特異的CD8+T細胞は、初回免疫後本質的に見出され、血液および脾臓から迅速に消失した。この種類のマウスは全器官において膜卵白アルブミンを発現することを強調するべきであろう。
STxBとα-GalCerとの間に認められる相乗作用の臨床的関係を調べるために、卵白アルブミンをコードする組換えワクシニアウイルス(VV-OVA)でマウスを曝露し、ワクチン接種して7日後に、防御を評価して5日後に卵巣でウイルス力価を測定した。マウスをSTxB-OVAおよびα-GalCerでワクチン接種するとVV-OVAに対する強力な防御がもたらされ、卵巣におけるウイルスの力価はPBSで処理したマウス(8.28.108PFU)と比較して5log減少した(3.92.103PFU)(図7)。STxB-OVA単独で免疫すると卵巣におけるウイルス力価の>2logの統計学的に有意な減少がもたらされるが、この効果はα-GalCerを添加することによって劇的に増幅された。
Jal8-/-マウスをStxB-OVA(1μg)またはStxB-OVA+α+GalCer(2μg)で免疫した。免疫して7日後に、免疫マウスおよび非免疫マウスの脾臓を摘出し、抗CD8抗体およびOVA257〜264/Kbテトラマーで染色した。結果から(図8)、α-GalCerを一緒にしても、または一緒にしないでも、免疫したJal8-/-マウスでは抗OVA257〜264特異的CTLはほとんど認められないことが示された。これは、α-GalCerで免疫したC57BL/6マウスで認められた抗OVA257〜264特異的CTLの6.43%と同程度である(図2A)。したがって、α-GalCerのアジュバント効果は、NKT細胞を欠損したマウスでは認めることはできず、α-GalCerのアジュバント機構におけるNKT細胞の活性化の役割が立証された。
C57BL6マウスにEG7腫瘍、オボアルブミンをコードするcDNAで形質移入した胸腺腫を移植し、3日後、PBS、STx-B-Ova5μg、α-GalCer2μgまたは両方の組合せで処理した(図9)。
C57BL6マウスにEG7腫瘍、オボアルブミンをコードするcDNAで形質移入した胸腺腫を移植し、3日後、PBS、STx-B-Ova5μg、C-αGalCer2μgまたはSTx-B-Ova/C-αGalCerの組合せで処理する。
Claims (30)
- a)抗原と複合化した、志賀毒素のBサブユニットまたはGb3受容体に結合できるその機能的同等物および
b)NKT細胞を刺激できるCD1の少なくとも1種のリガンド
を含む組成物。 - 志賀毒素の前記Bサブユニットの前記免疫学的機能的同等物が志賀毒素の前記Bサブユニットに対して少なくとも50%のアミノ酸配列同一性を有する、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- CD1の前記リガンドがCD1dのリガンドである、請求項1または2に記載の組成物。
- 前記リガンドが、糖脂質またはリン脂質、スフィンゴ糖脂質、それらの誘導体または類似体である、請求項1から3に記載の組成物。
- 前記リガンドが、GD3、PEおよびPIから選択される、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 前記リガンドがグリコシルセラミドまたはそれらの類似体もしくは誘導体である、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 前記グリコシルセラミドが、α-GalCer、α-GlcCer、Galα1-6Galα1-1'Cer、Galα1-6Glcα1-1'Cer、Galα1-2Galα1-1'Cer、Galβ1-3Galα1-1'Cerまたはそれらの誘導体からなる群から選択され、好ましくはそれらのC-グリコシド誘導体であり、より好ましくはα-GalCerのC-グリコシド誘導体である、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- αGalCerが(2S,3S,4R)-1-O-(α-D-ガラクトピラノシル)-2-(N-ヘキサ-コサノイルアミノ)-1,3,4-オクタデカントリオールである、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- αGalCerが(2S,3S,4S)-1-O-(α-D-ガラクトピラノシルオキシ)-2-ヘキサコサノイルアミノ-3,4-オクタデカンジオール(KRN7000)である、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 前記リガンドが、3-O-スルホ-α-GalCer、β-GalCer、OCH化合物、α-C-GalCerからなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記グリコシルセラミドがα-C-GalCerである、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記グリコシルセラミドがPBS-57である、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記リガンドが微生物由来糖脂質である、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- 前記リガンドが、
GSL-1およびGSL'1からなる群で選択されたスフィンゴモナス属由来のスフィンゴ糖脂質、または
BbGL-IおよびBbGL-IIからなる群から選択されたボレリア属由来の糖脂質、または
マイコバクテリア属由来のリン酸糖脂質PIMである、請求項13に記載の組成物。 - 前記志賀毒素のBサブユニットまたは前記その機能的同等物が、式STxB-Z(n)-Cysを有する汎用ポリペプチド担体中に存在し、式中、
STxBが前記志賀毒素Bサブユニットまたはその機能的同等物であり、
Zがスルフヒドリル基を有さないアミノ酸であり、nが0、1またはポリペプチドであり、
Cysがアミノ酸システインである、請求項1から14に記載の組成物。 - nが0である、請求項15に記載の組成物。
- 前記抗原が-S-Sまたは-S-COまたはS-CH2または-S-NH結合によって前記汎用担体の-S残基に共有結合している、請求項15または16に記載の組成物。
- 前記汎用担体が-S-Sまたは-S-COまたはS-CH2または-S-NH結合によってオリゴペプチドまたはポリペプチドに共有結合し、標的とする前記抗原が前記オリゴペプチドまたはポリペプチドに作動可能に結合している、請求項15から17のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記汎用担体がポリ-リシンオリゴペプチドに共有結合し、標的とする前記抗原が前記ポリリシン部分に作動可能に結合している、請求項18に記載の組成物。
- 前記抗原が腫瘍抗原、ウイルスまたは細菌抗原である、請求項1から19のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 薬学的に許容される担体をさらに含む、請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含む医薬品。
- 請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の組成物を含むワクチン。
- a)抗原と複合化した、志賀毒素のBサブユニットまたはGb3受容体に結合できるその機能的同等物を含む第1の容器、および
b)NKT細胞を刺激できるCD1の少なくとも1種のリガンドを含む少なくとも1個の第2の容器を含む医薬キット。 - 個体における抗原関連状態を治療するための、ワクチンを含む医薬組成物または医薬品を製造するための請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の組成物の使用であって、前記抗原関連状態が腫瘍または感染である使用。
- 抗原関連状態の治療を必要とする個体における抗原関連状態を治療するための請求項25に記載の使用であって、前記組成物を、前記個体において前記抗原に対する免疫応答を誘発し、それによって前記個体における前記抗原関連状態を治療するための治療有効量で前記個体に投与する使用。
- 抗原関連状態の治療を必要とする個体における抗原関連状態を治療するための請求項25に記載の使用であって、前記組成物が、サリドマイドまたはその類似体、好ましくはレナリドマイドと組み合わせて投与される使用。
- NKT細胞を刺激できるCD1の少なくとも1種のリガンドを、抗原と複合化した志賀毒素の前記BサブユニットまたはGb3受容体に結合することができるその機能的同等物の前、同時または後に投与する、請求項25に記載のキットの使用。
- 前記免疫応答の誘発が樹状細胞の刺激を含む、請求項26に記載の使用。
- 前記免疫応答の誘発が抗原特異的CD8応答の惹起を含む、請求項26に記載の使用。
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EP06292066A EP1938836A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2006-12-28 | Compositions comprising a B subunit of shiga toxin and a means stimulating NKT cells |
PCT/EP2007/064556 WO2008080926A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 | 2007-12-26 | Compositions comprising a b subunit of shiga toxin and a means stimulating nkt cells |
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US8916164B2 (en) * | 2007-08-29 | 2014-12-23 | Abivax | Methods of enhancing adjuvaticity of vaccine compositions |
EP2058011A1 (en) | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-13 | Wittycell | Nkt cell activating gycolipids covalently bound antigens and/or drug |
BRPI0820960B8 (pt) * | 2007-12-05 | 2021-05-25 | Abivax | composição, composição farmacêutica, e uso da composição |
US9220767B2 (en) | 2008-10-08 | 2015-12-29 | Abivax | Vaccine composition for use against influenza |
US9517257B2 (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2016-12-13 | Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) | Erythrocyte-binding therapeutics |
CA2807942C (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2021-07-27 | Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne | Erythrocyte-binding therapeutics |
US9850296B2 (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2017-12-26 | Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne (Epfl) | Erythrocyte-binding therapeutics |
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US10046056B2 (en) | 2014-02-21 | 2018-08-14 | École Polytechnique Fédérale De Lausanne (Epfl) | Glycotargeting therapeutics |
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