JP2010508960A - 真空式凝固プローブ - Google Patents
真空式凝固プローブ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010508960A JP2010508960A JP2009536213A JP2009536213A JP2010508960A JP 2010508960 A JP2010508960 A JP 2010508960A JP 2009536213 A JP2009536213 A JP 2009536213A JP 2009536213 A JP2009536213 A JP 2009536213A JP 2010508960 A JP2010508960 A JP 2010508960A
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Abstract
Description
図1Aは、プローブ2およびハンドル102(ハンドル体の断面図を示している)からなる凝固装置の変形形態を示している。本変形形態において、プローブ2はシャフト4を含み、シャフト4は遠位部分5にハウジング9を有する。凝固装置の変形形態は、ハンドルについては任意の形状およびサイズを採用してよい。図示した例では、ハンドル102は、プローブをそれぞれ電源60、流体源55および真空源50に接続する複数のコネクタ21、22、23を含む。
治療効果のある複数組の外傷を確実に創出するために真空一体型凝固プローブを心臓表面(心外膜または心内膜の)に沿った所望の位置に配置するには、リモートアクセスが重要であり得る。図8A〜8Cは、上記のような灌流通路に挿入される操縦機構またはスタイレットを要することなく、真空一体型凝固プローブの変形形態を決められた通路に沿って導くレール機構62の等角図、側面図および端面図を示す。従って、真空一体型凝固プローブの可撓性を保持することができ、レール機構62は、プローブに対するアクセス要求全てに対処することができる。図8A〜8Cに示すように、個々のレール部品64は、個々のレール部品64が互いに対して三次元的に回転することを可能にする一連のボール66とソケット継ぎ手によって互いに対して旋回する。ボール66およびソケット継ぎ手は、可撓性のロッドを通すことが可能な中心管腔82を具備している。レール機構62のハンドル側端(図示せず)に具備されたナットを可撓性のロッドに連結して締めつけ、レール部品64の個々のボール特徴66を嵌合ソケットに更に強く係合させ、ナットを使って可撓性のロッドに沿ってレール部品を締めつけてレール機構に付与した形状にレール機構をロックすることができる。2本の引張りワイヤーが個々のレール部品の側方通路68に挿入されており、この2本の引張りワイヤーを互いに対して、および可撓性のロッドに対して操作してレール機構に各種三次元の形状を付与することにより、レール部品を操作(例えば、操縦)するのに役立つようになっている。引張りワイヤーを用いてレール機構62を位置決めした後、所望の形状を維持するために可撓性のロッドに沿ってレール部品64を締めつける。レール機構62を位置決めしロックすると、図9A〜9Dに示すように、レール機構62のレール管腔84に沿って真空一体型凝固プローブ2を前進させることができる。
本発明の真空一体型凝固プローブを用いた心房細動を治療するアプローチを説明する。一方法においては、プローブは、肋間隙に配置した切開口、トロカールなどのアクセス用開口、開胸、胸部造瘻、胸骨正中切開、胸骨小切開、剣状突起下アクセス口、側方胸郭下アクセス部位などの低侵襲外科処置によって胸腔に挿入される。従って、アクセスが限られた用途ではよくある小空洞を通しての前進を容易にするため、プローブの遠位部分およびシャフトは低い外形を有している。
コラーゲンを多く含む組織を収縮させる、あるいはコラーゲン組織の収縮を防ぐための軟組織の凝固を伴う他の用途の場合は、軟組織の加熱を制御しなければならないが、それは本発明の真空凝固プローブの変形形態で可能である。熱に対する血管(動脈および静脈)の反応を評価している公表された研究は、永久に血管を閉塞させる能力に焦点を当ててきた。静脈は、70℃を越える温度に16秒間で完全な閉塞を含む状態を含め、ベースライン直径の何分の一かにまで収縮することが示されている;動脈の収縮は静脈の場合よりも遥かに少ないが、それでも90℃に16秒晒されると動脈はベースライン直径の約半分にまで収縮した(Gorisch他、Heat−induced contraction of blood vessels. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.2:1−13,1982;Cragg他、Endovascular diathermic vessel occlusion. Radiology.144:303−308,1982)。Gorisch他は観察された血管収縮反応を「周方向に配置されたコラーゲン繊維束の熱収縮による血管腔の径方向の圧縮である」と説明した。こうしたコラーゲン原繊維は、熱に反応して変性、すなわち収縮し、コラーゲン原繊維が横紋パターンを失って形のない物体へと膨張する原因となることが観察された。
「治療診断型」という用語は、診断装置および方法を用いることによって治療処置の結果を判定する能力を意味する。以下に記載する変形形態においては、治療診断型装置とは、治療的最小侵襲外科処置がその目的を達成するのに有効であったかどうかを判定する術中診断装置を指す。
図17A〜17Eは、治療診断型プローブ120の代替的変形形態の等角図、正面図、側面図、底面図、および断面図を示す。本治療診断型プローブの変形形態は、互いに分離していて少なくとも1つの開口部10を規定し、各電極18によって受信された信号がシャフト4に内包された専用の信号ワイヤーを通じて電気生理学記録装置、電位図マッピングシステムなどの生体信号を受信、調整、表示、および/または記録可能な装置に個別に確実に伝達されるように個別に絶縁38されている別々のリング電極18を具備している。
図18A〜18C、19A〜19H、20A〜20D、および21A〜21Cは、脂肪組織(例えば、脂肪)および/または相互接続組織を心臓から除去または分離するように設計された、本発明の切開/トンネル形成ツール124の変形形態を示す。こうした行為の目的は、もともと脂肪または相互接続組織に覆われているいないに関わらず、筋肉層を露出させて任意位置の心臓組織に真空一体型凝固プローブを係合させることである。
図23A〜23Cおよび図24A〜24Cは、脈管構造を経由して軟組織にアクセスする、機械的に振動する超音波焼灼カテーテルの2つの変形形態150の等角図、側面図および上面図を示す。これらのカテーテルの変形形態においては、軟組織を加熱して組織を電気的に不活性にするか、または熱によって誘導される別の組織反応を引き起こすことが可能なエネルギーを伝達するのに電気ワイヤー接続部を必要としない。
本明細書における方法は、本装置または他の手段を用いて実行してよい。本方法は全て、適切な装置を準備する行為を包含する。こうした装置の準備は、エンドユーザーによって実行されてもよい。換言すれば、「準備すること」(例えば、送達システム)とは、本方法における必要な装置を準備するために、エンドユーザーに、獲得、アクセス、アプローチ、位置決め、設定、作動、起動などの行為を要求するに過ぎない。本明細書において記載した方法は、記載したイベント順だけでなく、論理的に可能な任意のイベント順に実行されてもよい。加えて、本発明の変形形態は、がん性細胞の凝固を目的に他の軟組織、例えば乳房組織、肝臓、前立腺、胃腸組織、皮膚などの軟組織を、あるいは熱による収縮または縮小を目的に他のコラーゲンベースの軟組織を凝固させる際に使用してもよい。
本発明の各種例示的変形形態を以下に説明する。非制限的な意味でこれらの例を記載する。これらは、本発明の適用可能な態様をより広く例示するために提供される。本発明の真の精神および範囲を逸脱することなく説明した発明に各種の変化を加えてもよく、均等物を代用してもよい。加えて、本発明の目的(単数または複数)、精神または範囲に特定の状況、材料、組成物、プロセス、処理行為(単数または複数)または工程(単数または複数)を適応させるため、多数の修正を加えてもよい。こうした修正の全ては、本明細書における請求の範囲内にあるものとする。本発明の例示的な態様は、材料選定および製造法に関する詳細と共に上に記載されている。本発明の他の詳細については、先述した特許および出版物に関連させて理解されるだけでなく、当業者には広く知られ理解されているかもしれない。
Claims (66)
- 臓器の軟組織を凝固させるため、ならびに該軟組織との接触を向上させるための真空源および該装置を位置決めするためのトラックと共に使用する外科装置であって、
シャフト;
エネルギー伝達素子;
該軟組織の表面に添うように可撓性を有する細長ハウジングであって、該シャフトの遠位部に位置し、該エネルギー伝達素子を内包する主空洞を有し、該主空洞を露出させ、該エネルギー伝達素子が該軟組織と接触することを可能にする少なくとも1つの開口部を側壁に有し、該ハウジングの遠位端に開口部を有する該ハウジングに沿って伸びるトラック管腔を更に含み、該トラック管腔は、該ハウジングが該トラック上を前進することを可能にし、該トラック管腔は、該主空洞から流体的に隔離されている、ハウジング
を備える、外科装置。 - 前記ハウジングが前記トラックの形状に添うように十分な可撓性を有する、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記トラック管腔が前記ハウジングの近位端から延在している、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ハウジングの一部を貫通するトラック管を更に備え、前記トラック管腔が該トラック管の中に位置している、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ハウジングが、前記主空洞への流体送達を可能にするために、該主空洞に流体的に連結された灌流管腔を更に備える、請求項4に記載の外科装置。
- 前記トラック管が前記灌流管腔を貫通し、前記トラック管腔が該灌流管腔から流体的に隔離されている、請求項5に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ハウジングが少なくとも2つの通路を有するプラグを更に含み、第1の通路が前記灌流管腔を前記主空洞と流体的に連結し、第2の通路が該灌流管腔から該ハウジングの遠位端を貫通して伸び、かつ前記トラック管を内包している、請求項4に記載の外科装置。
- 前記開口部の少なくとも一部の周囲に位置し、前記ハウジングに接続されたリップ部を更に備え、該リップ部は該ハウジングに接続されていない自由部を有し、前記主空洞への前記真空源が適用されると、該リップ部の該自由部が組織に添い、該リップ部の前記軟組織に対するシールを形成する能力を高める、請求項4に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ハウジングが前記主空洞と流体連通する流体送達管腔を備える、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記シャフトの近位端にハンドルを更に備え、該ハンドルは、前記流体送達管腔と流体連通する流体送出口と、主管腔であって、該主管腔への該シャフトを貫通する主管腔と、該主管腔と流体連通する真空口と、前記素子を電源に電気的に連結するコネクタとを備える、請求項9に記載の外科装置。
- 前記流体送達管腔は、前記ハウジングの幅を最小にするために、前記開口部の正反対の側で、主空洞の上側を該主空洞に平行に該ハウジングの一部を貫通している、請求項9に記載の外科装置。
- 前記流体送達管腔が前記ハウジングの遠位端で前記主空洞と流体連通し、その結果、流体を送達する間に前記真空源を適用し、そしてシールを創出することが、前記素子の上を通り該主空洞を通って戻る流体の循環を生じさせる、請求項9に記載の外科装置。
- 前記主空洞への前記シャフトを貫通する主管腔を更に備え、該主管腔が前記ハウジングの上部を貫通し、前記流体送達管腔が該主管腔の一部を貫通し、前記開口部はこれらの管腔に対し反対側の該ハウジングの底にある、請求項9に記載の外科装置。
- 前記主管腔が前記主空洞の遠位部と流体連通し、前記流体送達管腔が該主空洞の近位部と流体連通している、請求項13に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ハウジング内に位置する操縦機構が、前記第1の細長ハウジングを関節運動させる、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記操縦機構は、あらかじめ形成されたスタイレットを備える、請求項15に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、該ハウジングに形状を付与するために、形作ることができるスパインを更に含む、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記スパインは、前記素子が組織を凝固させる際に湾曲した凝固線を創出するように、第1の湾曲形状を備える、請求項17に記載の外科装置。
- 前記細長シャフトが枝分かれして第2の細長ハウジングを含み、
該第2の細長ハウジングは、第2の側壁と、第2の主空洞と、該第2の主空洞内に位置する第2の素子と、該第2の側壁を貫通し該第2の素子を露出させる第2の開口部および該第2の開口部の少なくとも一部の周囲に位置し該第2のハウジングに接続された第2のリップ部とを有し、
該第2のリップ部は、該第2のハウジングに接続されていない自由部を有し、該第2のリップ部の該自由部は、該第2の主空洞への前記真空源の適用があると、該第2のリップ部の前記軟組織に対するシールを形成する能力を高めるために、組織に添う、請求項18に記載の外科装置。 - 前記第2のハウジングは、該第2のハウジングに第2の形状を付与するために、形作ることができる第2のスパインを更に含む、請求項19に記載の外科装置。
- 前記スパインは、第2の組織素子が組織を凝固させる際に湾曲した凝固線を創出するように、第2の湾曲形状を備える、請求項20に記載の外科装置。
- 前記第1の細長ハウジングの一端が前記第2の細長ハウジングの一端からオフセットするように、前記第1の湾曲形状が前記第2の湾曲形状とは異なっている、請求項21に記載の外科装置。
- 前記第1の湾曲形状が前記第2の湾曲形状と類似している、請求項21に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、該ハウジング内に固定され、該ハウジングから遠位方向に延在する少なくとも1つのテザーを更に備える、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ハウジングは、該ハウジングに固定され、該ハウジングから遠位方向に延在する第2のテザーを更に含む、請求項24に記載の外科装置。
- 前記テザーは、大径部分を含み、該部分が前記ハウジング内に固定されている、請求項24に記載の外科装置。
- 前記らせん形素子は、それが前記軟組織の前記表面に添う際に、前記細長ハウジングに添うように十分な可撓性を有する、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記素子が、少なくとも1つのピッチおよび少なくとも1つの巻き幅を有する少なくとも1つのらせん形巻きを備える、請求項27に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ピッチが前記幅の2倍以上である、請求項28に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ピッチが前記幅の4倍以上である、請求項28に記載の外科装置。
- 前記開口部に沿った前記側壁の外面が前記導体素子からある距離だけオフセットしており、該開口部の幅が該オフセット距離以上である、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記開口部の前記幅が前記オフセット距離の2倍以上である、請求項31に記載の外科装置。
- 前記素子がマッピング電極を備える、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記素子が組織を加熱するためにRFエネルギーを伝達するように適合された電極を備える、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記素子が、該素子の抵抗加熱によって組織を加熱するように適合された電極である、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記素子が機械的エネルギーを組織に適用することによって組織を加熱するように適合された振動素子である、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 該軟組織との接触を向上させるための真空源および該装置を位置決めするためのトラックと共に使用する、臓器の軟組織を凝固させる外科装置であって、
第1の細長ハウジングを有する細長いシャフトであって、該第1の細長ハウジングは、側壁と少なくとも1つの主空洞とを備え、該臓器周囲での曲がりに対処し、該軟組織に添うことに対処するように可撓性である、細長いシャフト;
該細長ハウジング内に位置する素子;
該側壁を貫通し、該素子を露出させる開口部;
該主空洞と流体連通する流体送達管腔であって、該ハウジングの幅を最小にするために、該ハウジングの一部内で該主空洞に隣接し、かつ該開口部の正反対の側に位置する、流体送達管腔;
該流体送達管腔を貫通するトラック管であって、該トラック管は、トラック管腔を有し、かつ該ハウジングがワイヤー部材上を前進することを該トラック管腔が可能にするように、該ハウジングの遠位端に開口部を有し、該トラック管腔は、該主空洞および流体送達管腔から流体的に隔離されている、トラック管
を備える、外科装置。 - 前記ハウジングが前記ワイヤー部材の形状に添うように十分な可撓性を有する、請求項1に記載の外科装置。
- 前記トラック管腔が前記ハウジングの近位端から延在している、請求項37に記載の外科装置。
- 前記トラック管腔が前記ハウジングの一部を貫通する管状部材の管腔を備える、請求項37に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ハウジングが、前記主空洞への流体送達を可能にするために、該主空洞に流体的に連結された灌流管腔を更に備える、請求項40に記載の外科装置。
- 前記管状部材が前記灌流管腔を貫通し、前記トラック管腔が該灌流管腔から流体的に隔離されている、請求項41に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ハウジングが少なくとも2つの通路を有するプラグを更に含み、第1の通路が、前記灌流管腔を前記主空洞と流体的に連結し、第2の通路が、該灌流管腔から該ハウジングの前記遠位端を貫通して延在し、前記管状部材を内包している、請求項42に記載の外科装置。
- 前記素子が前記主管腔に位置する、請求項37に記載の外科装置。
- 前記細長ハウジング内に位置する操縦機構が、前記第1の細長ハウジングを関節運動させる、請求項37に記載の外科装置。
- 前記操縦機構があらかじめ形成されたスタイレットを備える、請求項45に記載の外科装置。
- 前記シャフトの近位端にハンドルを更に備え、該ハンドルが、前記流体送達管腔と流体連通する流体送出口と、該シャフトを貫通して前記主空洞まで延在する主管腔と、該主管腔と流体連通する真空口と、前記素子を電源に電気的に連結するコネクタとを備える、請求項37に記載の外科装置。
- 前記開口部の少なくとも一部の周囲に位置し、前記ハウジングに接続されたリップ部を更に備え、該リップ部は該ハウジングに接続されていない自由部を有し、前記主管腔への前記真空源が適用されると、該リップ部の該自由部が組織に添い、該リップ部の前記軟組織に対するシールを形成する能力を高める、請求項37に記載の外科装置。
- 前記第1の細長ハウジングは、該第1の細長ハウジングに第1の形状を付与するために、形作ることができる第1のスパインを更に含む、請求項37に記載の外科装置。
- 前記第1のスパインは、前記素子が組織を凝固させる際に湾曲した凝固線を創出するように、第1の湾曲形状を備える、請求項49に記載の外科装置。
- 前記細長シャフトは、枝分かれして第2の細長ハウジングを含み、該第2の細長ハウジングは、第2の側壁と、第2の主空洞と、該第2の主空洞内に位置する第2の素子と、該第2の側壁を貫通し該第2の素子を露出させる第2の開口部と、前記第1の主空洞と流体連通する第2の流体送達管腔とを有し、該第2の流体送達管腔は、該第2のハウジングの幅を最小にするために、該第2のハウジングの一部内で該第2の主空洞に隣接し、かつ該第2の開口部の正反対の側に位置する、請求項50に記載の外科装置。
- 前記第2の細長ハウジングは、該第2の細長ハウジングに第2の形状を付与するために、形作ることができる第2のスパインを更に含む、請求項51に記載の外科装置。
- 前記第2のスパインは、前記第2の組織素子が組織を凝固させる際に湾曲した凝固線を創出するように、第2の湾曲形状を備える、請求項52に記載の外科装置。
- 前記第1の湾曲形状は、該第1の細長ハウジングの一端が前記第2の細長ハウジングの一端からオフセットするように、前記第2の湾曲形状とは異なっている、請求項53に記載の外科装置。
- 前記第1の湾曲形状が前記第2の湾曲形状と類似している、請求項53に記載の外科装置。
- 前記素子が少なくとも1つのピッチおよび少なくとも1つの巻き幅を有する少なくとも1つのらせん形巻きを備える、請求項37に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ピッチが前記幅の2倍以上である、請求項56に記載の外科装置。
- 前記ピッチが前記幅の4倍以上である、請求項56に記載の外科装置。
- 体内のある長さの軟組織を凝固させる方法であって、
トラックを該体内に配置すること;
該トラック上を前進させて細長ハウジングを該体内に入れることであって、該細長ハウジングは、主空洞と該主空洞内の少なくとも1つの導体素子とを含み、該導体素子は、該長さの軟組織を創出するために、該細長ハウジングの開口部で露出され、該細長ハウジングは、該細長ハウジングを貫通し、該主空洞から流体的に隔離されているトラック管腔を更に含み、該トラックは、該トラック管腔を通過している、こと;
真空源を該主空洞に適用して軟組織を引き寄せ、該導体素子に接触させること;および
該導体素子を励起させて該長さの軟組織を凝固させること
を包含する、方法。 - 前記導体素子を励起させることは、該導体素子にRFエネルギーを適用することを包含する、請求項59に記載の方法。
- 前記導体素子を励起させることは、該導体素子に電気エネルギーを適用して該導体素子を抵抗加熱することを包含する、請求項59に記載の方法。
- 前記細長ハウジングがシャフトに取り付けられており、該シャフトが前記主空洞と流体連通する灌流管腔を含み、該灌流管腔を通して灌流液を前記軟組織に送達することを更に包含する、請求項59に記載の方法。
- 前記灌流液を送達することが、前記真空を適用することと同時に該灌流液を送達することを包含する、請求項62に記載の方法。
- 前記トラックを前記体内に配置することが、前記トラックの一部を形成して、ある輪郭を有するようにすることを包含し、前記細長ハウジングが該一部上を前進すると、該細長ハウジングを該輪郭に添わせる、請求項59に記載の方法。
- 前記トラックは、ワイヤー、操縦可能なカテーテル、操縦可能なガイドワイヤー、形成されたチューブおよび形成されたマンドレルからなる群から選択される器具を備える、請求項64に記載の方法。
- リップ部が前記細長ハウジングの前記開口部を取り囲んでおり、前記真空を適用すると、該リップ部が前記軟組織上にシールを形成し、軟組織が該開口部に引き込まれるようにする、請求項59に記載の方法。
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- 2006-11-09 JP JP2009536213A patent/JP5054116B2/ja active Active
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US10166042B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2019-01-01 | Olympus Corporation | Surgical system |
JP2014531932A (ja) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-12-04 | キンバリー クラーク インコーポレイテッド | オフセット伝導性要素を備えた電気外科装置 |
WO2017037789A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-03-09 | オリンパス株式会社 | 手術システム及び手術システムの作動方法 |
KR20180038017A (ko) * | 2015-08-28 | 2018-04-13 | 올림푸스 가부시키가이샤 | 수술 시스템 |
KR102076271B1 (ko) | 2015-08-28 | 2020-02-11 | 올림푸스 가부시키가이샤 | 수술 시스템 |
US10265549B2 (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2019-04-23 | Olympus Corporation | Treatment method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5054116B2 (ja) | 2012-10-24 |
WO2008057118A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
US20080114355A1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
EP2086441A4 (en) | 2012-04-25 |
EP2086441A1 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
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