JP2010504300A - Glucopyranosyl-substituted difluorobenzyl-benzene derivatives, pharmaceuticals containing the compounds and methods of use and preparation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

であって、それらの互換異性体、立体異性体、それらの混合物及びそれらの塩を含む。本発明の化合物は代謝性疾患の治療に適している。
【選択図】なしA novel glucopyranosyl-substituted difluorobenzyl-benzene derivative is provided.
[Solution]
A glucopyranosyl-substituted difluorobenzyl-benzene derivative of general formula I as defined in claim 1

Including their interchangeable isomers, stereoisomers, mixtures thereof and salts thereof. The compounds according to the invention are suitable for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
[Selection figure] None

Description

式中、基R¹〜R³、R⁶及びR^7a、R^7b、R^7c は本明細書後述のように定義された通りであり、互変異性体、立体異性体、それらの混合物及びそれらの塩を含む。本発明はさらに、代謝疾患治療用医薬組成物を調製する為の本発明の化合物の使用方法ならびに、本発明の式Iの化合物を含む医薬組成物にも関する。さらに本発明は、本発明の化合物ならびに、医薬組成物の調製方法にも関する。 The present invention relates to glucopyranosyl-substituted difluorobenzyl-benzene derivatives of general formula I.

In the formula, the groups R ^{1 to} R ³ , R ⁶ and R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c are as defined later in this specification, and tautomers, stereoisomers, mixtures thereof and the like Of salt. The invention further relates to methods of using the compounds of the invention for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of metabolic disorders, as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula I of the invention. The present invention further relates to methods of preparing the compounds of the present invention as well as pharmaceutical compositions.

  A compound having an inhibitory effect on the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT2 has been proposed in the literature as a therapeutic agent for diseases, particularly as a therapeutic agent for diabetes.

  For the glucopyranosyloxy and glucopyranosyl substituted aromatic groups and their preparation and potential actions as SGLT2 inhibitors, see International Application Publications WO 98/31697, WO 01/27128, WO 02/083066, WO 03/099836, WO 2004 / 063209, WO 2004/080990, WO 2004/013118, WO 2004/052902, WO 2004/052903, WO 2005/092877, WO 06/010557, WO 06/018150, WO 06/037537, WO 06/089872 and WO 2006/064033 No. 2003/0114390.

(Object of invention)
The object of the present invention is to find new pyranosyl-substituted benzene derivatives, in particular derivatives having activity against the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT2. A further object of the invention is to have a good to very good inhibitory effect on the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT2 in vitro and / or in vivo and / or pharmacological and / or pharmacokinetic and To discover pyranosyl-substituted benzene derivatives with better physical properties.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a novel pharmaceutical composition intended for the prevention and / or treatment of metabolic diseases, in particular diabetes.
The present invention also describes providing methods for preparing the compounds of the present invention.
Other objects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art directly from the foregoing and following remarks.

式中、
R¹は水素、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、C_1-6-アルキル、C_2-6-アルケニル、C_2-6-アルキニル、C_3-7-シクロアルキル、C_3-7-シクロアルキル-C_1-3-アルキル、ヒドロキシ、C_1-4-アルコキシ、C_3-7-シクロアルキルオキシ、C_5-7-シクロアルケニルオキシ、C_1-4-アルキルスルファニル、アミノ、ニトロ又はシアノであり、
上述のアルキル-、アルケニル-、アルキニル-、シクロアルキル-及びシクロアルケニル-残基はフッ素によって単置換又は多置換されていても良く及び/又は同一の又は異なる置換基L２で単置換又は二置換されていても良く、及び
上述のC_5-6-シクロアルキル及びC_5-6-シクロアルケニル環において１又は２個のメチレン基は互いに独立してO、S、CO、SO又はSO₂によって置き換えられても良く、及び
R²は水素、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヒドロキシ、C_1-4-アルキル、C_1-4-アルコキシ、C_3-6-シクロアルキル、C_3-6-シクロアルキルオキシ又はシアノであり、一方アルキル又はアルコキシ基 はフッ素によって単置換又は多置換されていても良く、及び
R³は水素、フッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、C_1-6-アルキル、C_2-6-アルキニル、C_2-6-アルケニル、C_3-7-シクロアルキル、C_3-7-シクロアルキル-C_1-3-アルキル、C_5-7-シクロアルケニル、C_5-7-シクロアルケニル-C_1-3-アルキル、アリール、ヘテロアリール、C_1-4-アルキルカルボニル、アリールカルボニル、ヘテロアリールカルボニル、アミノカルボニル、C_1-4-アルキルアミノカルボニル、ジ(C_1-3-アルキル)アミノカルボニル、ピロリジン-１-イルカルボニル、ピペリジン-１-イルカルボニル、モルホリン-４-イルカルボニル、ピペラジン-１-イルカルボニル、４-(C_1-4-アルキル)ピペラジン-１-イルカルボニル、ヒドロキシカルボニル、C_1-4-アルコキシカルボニル、C_1-4-アルキルアミノ、ジ(C_1-3-アルキル)アミノ、ピロリジン-１-イル、ピペリジン-１-イル、モルホリン-４-イル、ピペラジン-１-イル、４-(C_1-4-アルキル)ピペラジン-１-イル、C_1-4-アルキルカルボニルアミノ、アリールカルボニルアミノ、ヘテロアリールカルボニルアミノ、C_1-4-アルキルスルホニルアミノ、アリールスルホニルアミノ、C_1-6-アルコキシ、C_3-7-シクロアルキルオキシ、C_5-7-シクロアルケニルオキシ、アリールオキシ、ヘテロアリールオキシ、C_1-4-アルキルスルファニル、C_1-4-アルキルスルフィニル、C_1-4-アルキルスルホニル、C_3-7-シクロアルキルスルファニル、C_3-7-シクロアルキルスルフィニル、C_3-7-シクロアルキルスルホニル、C_5-7-シクロアルケニルスルファニル、C_5-7-シクロアルケニルスルフィニル、C_5-7-シクロアルケニルスルホニル、アリールスルファニル、アリールスルフィニル、アリールスルホニル、ヘテロアリールスルファニル、ヘテロアリールスルフィニル、ヘテロアリールスルホニル、アミノ、ヒドロキシ、シアノ及びニトロであり、
上述のアルキル-、アルケニル-、アルキニル-、シクロアルキル- 及び シクロアルケニル-残基 はフッ素によって単置換又は多置換されていても良く及び/又は 同一の又は異なる置換基L２で単置換又は二置換されていても良く、及び
一方、上述のC_5-6-シクロアルキル及びC_5-6-シクロアルケニル 環において１又は２個の メチレン基 は互いに独立してO、S、CO、SO又はSO₂によって置き換えられていても良く、及び
一方、上述のN-ヘテロシクロアルキル環において１個のメチレン基はCO又はSO₂で置き換えられていても良く、及び
L１は互いに独立してフッ素、塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、ヒドロキシ、シアノ、C_1-3-アルキル、ジフルオロメチル、トリフルオロメチル、C_1-3-アルコキシ、ジフルオロメトキシ、トリフルオロメトキシ、アミノ、C_1-3-アルキル-アミノ及びジ(C_1-3-アルキル)-アミノから選択され;及び
L２は互いに独立してフッ素、塩素、ヒドロキシ、ヒドロキシル-C_1-4-アルキル、C_1-4-アルコキシ、トリフルオロメトキシ、C_1-4-アルコキシ-C_1-4-アルキル、シアノ、ヒドロキシカルボニル、(C_1-4-アルキル)オキシカルボニル、アミノカルボニル、C_1-4-アルキル、トリフルオロメチル、アミノ、C_1-4-アルキル-カルボニルアミノ、C_1-3-アルキル-アミノ及びジ(C_1-3-アルキル)-アミノから選択され;及び
R⁶、R^7a、R^7b、R^7cは互いに独立して水素、(C_1-18-アルキル)カルボニル、(C_1-18-アルキル)オキシカルボニル、アリールカルボニル及びアリール-(C_1-3-アルキル)-カルボニルから選択される意味を有し、一方アリール基は互いに独立して同一又は異なる基Ｌ１で単置換又は二置換されていても良く;
上記定義におけるアリール基はフェニル又はナフチル基であり、定義された通りに置換されていても良く;及び
一方他に述べない限り、上述のアルキル基は直鎖又は分岐していても良く、
それらの互換異性体、立体異性体、それらの混合物及びそれらの塩である。 (Subject of the invention)
In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a glucopyranosyl-substituted difluorobenzyl-benzene derivative of general formula I.

Where
R ¹ is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, C _1-6 -alkyl, C _2-6 -alkenyl, C _2-6 -alkynyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl- C _1-3 -alkyl, hydroxy, C _1-4 -alkoxy, C _3-7 -cycloalkyloxy, C _5-7 -cycloalkenyloxy, C _1-4 -alkylsulfanyl, amino, nitro or cyano,
The alkyl-, alkenyl-, alkynyl-, cycloalkyl- and cycloalkenyl-residues mentioned above may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted by fluorine and / or monosubstituted or disubstituted with the same or different substituent L2. And in the above mentioned C _5-6 -cycloalkyl and C _5-6 -cycloalkenyl rings, one or two methylene groups are independently replaced by O, S, CO, SO or SO ₂ . And
R ² is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkoxy, C _3-6 -cycloalkyl, C _3-6 -cycloalkyloxy or cyano, while alkyl Or the alkoxy group may be mono- or polysubstituted by fluorine, and
R ³ is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, C _1-6 -alkyl, C _2-6 -alkynyl, C _2-6 -alkenyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl- C _1-3 -alkyl, C _5-7 -cycloalkenyl, C _5-7 -cycloalkenyl-C _1-3 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C _1-4 -alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, Aminocarbonyl, C _1-4 -alkylaminocarbonyl, di (C _1-3 -alkyl) aminocarbonyl, pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl, piperidin-1-ylcarbonyl, morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl, piperazin-1-yl Carbonyl, 4- (C _1-4 -alkyl) piperazin-1-ylcarbonyl, hydroxycarbonyl, C _1-4 -alkoxycarbonyl, C _1-4 -alkylamino, di (C _1-3 -alkyl) amino, pyrrolidine -1 -yl, piperidine- - yl, morpholin-4-yl, piperazin-1-yl, 4-(C _1-4 - alkyl) piperazin-1-yl, C _1-4 - alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, heteroarylcarbonylamino, C _1-4 -alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, C _1-6 -alkoxy, C _3-7 -cycloalkyloxy, C _5-7 -cycloalkenyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, C _1-4 -alkyl Sulfanyl, C _1-4 -alkylsulfinyl, C _1-4 -alkylsulfonyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkylsulfanyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkylsulfinyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkylsulfonyl, C _5-7- cycloalkenyl Nils Alpha alkenyl, C _5-7 - cycloalkyl alkenylsulfinyl, C _5-7 - cycloalkenyl sulfonyl, arylsulfanyl, arylsulfinyl, aryl Ruhoniru, heteroaryl sulfanyl, heteroaryl sulfinyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, amino, hydroxy, cyano and nitro,
The alkyl-, alkenyl-, alkynyl-, cycloalkyl- and cycloalkenyl-residues mentioned above may be mono- or polysubstituted by fluorine and / or monosubstituted or disubstituted with the same or different substituent L2. And in the above C _5-6 -cycloalkyl and C _5-6 -cycloalkenyl rings, one or two methylene groups can be independently of each other by O, S, CO, SO or SO ₂ . And in the above-mentioned N-heterocycloalkyl ring one methylene group may be replaced with CO or SO ₂ , and
L1 is independently of each other fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydroxy, cyano, C _1-3 -alkyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C _1-3 -alkoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, amino, C ₁ Selected from _-3 -alkyl-amino and di (C _1-3 -alkyl) -amino; and
L2 is independently of each other fluorine, chlorine, hydroxy, hydroxyl-C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkoxy, trifluoromethoxy, C _1-4 -alkoxy-C _1-4 -alkyl, cyano, hydroxycarbonyl , (C _1-4 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C _1-4 -alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino, C _1-4 -alkyl-carbonylamino, C _1-3 -alkyl-amino and di (C Selected from _1-3 -alkyl) -amino; and
R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b and R ^7c are independently of each other hydrogen, (C _1-18 -alkyl) carbonyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyl and aryl- (C _1-3- Alkyl) -carbonyl, the aryl groups being independently mono-substituted or di-substituted with the same or different groups L1 independently of each other;
An aryl group in the above definition is a phenyl or naphthyl group, which may be substituted as defined; and unless otherwise stated, the above alkyl groups may be linear or branched,
These interchangeable isomers, stereoisomers, mixtures thereof and salts thereof.

The compounds of the general formula I according to the invention and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts have an inhibitory action on the pharmacological properties to be evaluated, in particular on the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT, in particular SGLT2.
Furthermore, the compound of the present invention may also have an inhibitory action on the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT1. It is preferred to selectively inhibit SGLT2 as compared to the potential inhibitory effect on SGLT1 of the compounds of the present invention.
The invention also relates to pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the invention with inorganic or organic acids.

  The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound of the present invention or a physiologically acceptable salt of the present invention, optionally configured with one or more inert carriers and / or diluents.

  The invention also relates to the use of at least one compound of the invention or one of its pharmaceutically acceptable salts for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition, said pharmaceutical composition comprising sodium-dependent glucose cotransport. Suitable for the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions affected by inhibition of body SGLT, especially SGLT2.

  The invention also relates to the use for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition suitable for the treatment of one of the metabolic diseases of at least one compound of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

  In a further aspect, the present invention provides prevention of pancreatic β-cell degeneration and / or restoration and / or improvement of pancreatic β-cell function of at least one of the compounds of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The use for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for

  In a further aspect, the invention relates to the prevention, delay or prevention of diseases or symptoms due to abnormal accumulation of liver fat in a patient in need thereof, at least one of the compounds of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. It relates to the use for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for treatment.

  The invention relates to the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the inhibition of the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT, in particular SGLT2, of at least one of the compounds of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Also related to the use of.

  The present invention is further characterized in that one of the compounds of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is incorporated into one or more inert carriers and / or diluents by non-chemical methods. The present invention relates to a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition.

（式中、

R'はH、C_1-4-アルキル、(C_1-18-アルキル)カルボニル、(C_1-18-アルキル)オキシカルボニル、アリールカルボニル及びアリール-(C_1-3-アルキル)-カルボニルであり、式中、アルキル又はアリール基 はハロゲンによって単置換又は多置換されていても良く;
R^8a、R^8b、R^8c、R^8dは互いに独立して、R⁶、R^7a、R^7b、R^7c基について記載の定義の１つを有するか、ベンジル又はアリル基又はR^aR^bR^cSi基又はケタール又はアセタール基であり、特にアルキリデン又はアリールアルキリデン ケタール又はアセタール基であり、一方、各場合において２つの隣接する基 R^8a、R^8b、R^8c、R^8d は環状シリルケタール、ケタール 又はアセタール基又は１,２-ジ(C_1-3-アルコキシ)-１,２-ジ(C_1-3-アルキル)-エチレン架橋を形成しても良く、一方、上記 エチレン架橋はピラノース環の２つの酸素原子及び２つの付随する炭素原子とともに、置換ジオキサン環、特に２,３-ジメチル-２,３-ジ(C_1-3-アルコキシ)-１,４-ジオキサン環を形成し、及び一方アルキル、アリール 及び/又は ベンジル-基 ハロゲン又はC_1-3-アルコキシにより単置換又は多置換されていても良く、及び一方ベンジル-基 は ジ-(C_1-3-アルキル)アミノ基で置換されていても良く;及び
R^a、R^b、R^cは互いに独立してC_1-4-アルキル、アリール又はアリール-C_1-3-アルキルであり、式中、アリール又はアルキル基 はハロゲンによって単置換又は多置換されていても良く;
上記基の定義中に述べたアリール基はフェニル又はナフチル基、特にフェニル基を意味し;
及び式中基 R¹〜R³及びR⁶、R^7a、R^7b、R^7cは前記及び後記定義の通りである）
をルイス又はブレンステッド酸の存在下還元剤と反応させ、存在する任意の保護基は同時に又はその後開裂され;又は The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of the compounds of general formula I according to the invention,
a) To prepare compounds of general formula I as described hereinbefore and hereinafter.
Compounds of general formula II

(Where

R ′ is H, C _1-4 -alkyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) carbonyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyl and aryl- (C _1-3 -alkyl) -carbonyl Wherein the alkyl or aryl group may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen;
R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d independently of one another have one of the definitions described for the R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c groups, benzyl or allyl groups or R ^a R ^b R ^c Si group or ketal or acetal group, in particular an alkylidene or arylalkylidene ketal or acetal group, while in each case two adjacent groups R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d are cyclic silyl ketals, ketals or An acetal group or a 1,2-di (C _1-3 -alkoxy) -1,2-di (C _1-3 -alkyl) -ethylene bridge may be formed, while the ethylene bridge is a pyranose ring 2 Together with one oxygen atom and two accompanying carbon atoms form a substituted dioxane ring, in particular a 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-di (C _1-3 -alkoxy) -1,4-dioxane ring, while alkyl , Aryl and / or benzyl-group halogen or C _1-3 -alkoxy May be mono- or poly-substituted by cis, while the benzyl-group may be substituted with a di- (C _1-3 -alkyl) amino group; and
R ^a , R ^b , R ^c are each independently C _1-4 -alkyl, aryl or aryl-C _1-3 -alkyl, wherein the aryl or alkyl group is mono- or polysubstituted by halogen. Can be;
The aryl group mentioned in the above group definition means a phenyl or naphthyl group, in particular a phenyl group;
And the groups R ^{1 to} R ³ and R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c are as defined above and below)
Is reacted with a reducing agent in the presence of Lewis or Bronsted acid, and any protecting groups present are cleaved simultaneously or subsequently; or

（式中、R^8a、R^8b、R^8c、R^8d 及びR¹〜R³は前記及び後記定義の通りであり、しかし基 R^8a、R^8b、R^8c、R^8d dのうち少なくとも１個は水素ではない）は加水分解され、及び
所望であれば、こうして得られた一般式Iの化合物（式中、R⁶ が水素原子である）はアシル化によって対応する一般式Iのアシル化合物に変換され、及び/又は
所望であれば、こうして得られた一般式Iの化合物（式中、R⁶ が水素原子である）はアシル化によって対応する一般式Iのアシル化合物に変換され及び/又は
必要であれば、上記反応において使用された任意の保護基は開裂し及び/又は
所望であれば、こうして得られた一般式Iの化合物をその立体異性体に分割し及び/又は
所望であれば、こうして得られた一般式Iの化合物をそれらの塩、特に医薬に使用するために医薬的に許容可能なそれらの塩に変換することを特徴とする。 b) Compounds of general formula III for the preparation of compounds of general formula I, wherein R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b and R ^7c are hydrogen

Wherein R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d and R ¹ -R ³ are as defined above and hereinafter, but at least one of the groups R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d d Is not hydrogen) and, if desired, the compound of general formula I thus obtained (where R ⁶ is a hydrogen atom) is converted to the corresponding acyl compound of general formula I by acylation. If converted and / or desired, the compound of general formula I thus obtained (wherein R ⁶ is a hydrogen atom) is converted to the corresponding acyl compound of general formula I by acylation and / or If necessary, any protecting group used in the above reaction is cleaved and / or, if desired, the compound of general formula I thus obtained is resolved into its stereoisomers and / or if desired. The compounds of general formula I thus obtained are pharmaceutically acceptable for use in their salts, in particular in medicine. It is characterized in that it is converted into an acceptable salt thereof.

（式中
R'はH、C_1-4-アルキル、(C_1-18-アルキル)カルボニル、(C_1-18-アルキル)オキシカルボニル、アリールカルボニル及びアリール-(C_1-3-アルキル)-カルボニルであり、式中アルキル又はアリール-基 ハロゲンにより単置換又は多置換されていてもよく;
R^8a、R^8b、R^8c、R^8dは互いに独立して、R⁶、R^7a、R^7b、R^7c基について記載の定義の１つを有するか、ベンジル又はアリル基又はR^aR^bR^cSi基又はケタール又はアセタール基であり、各場合において２つの隣接する基 R^8a、R^8b、R^8c、R^8dは環状シリルケタール、ケタール 又はアセタール基を形成しても良く、又はピラノース環の２つの酸素原子とともに、置換２,３-オキシジオキサン環、特に２,３-ジメチル-２,３-ジ(C_1-3-アルコキシ)-１,４-ジオキサン環を形成し、及び前記アルキル、アリール 及び/又は ベンジル-基はハロゲン又はC_1-3-アルコキシにより単置換又は多置換されていても良く、及びベンジル-基はジ-(C_1-3-アルキル)アミノ基で置換されていても良く;及び
R^a、R^b、R^cは互いに独立してC_1-4-アルキル、 アリール又はアリール-C_1-3-アルキルであり、アルキル又はアリール-基 ハロゲンにより単置換又は多置換されていてもよく;
上記基の定義中のアリール-基はフェニル又はナフチル-基、好ましくはフェニル-基であり;及び
R²〜R⁶、R^7a、R^7b、R^7c は前記及び後記定義の通りである）の調製方法に関し、
ハロゲン-金属交換反応 または
式ＩＶ

（式中HalはCl、Br及びIであり、R¹は CN、Cl又はBrであり、及びR¹〜R³ は前記及び後記定義の通りである）のハロゲン-ベンジルベンゼン 化合物の 炭素-ハロゲン結合に金属を挿入することにより、任意に続いて金属交換反応により得た有機金属化合物 (V)を
一般式VI

（式中、R^8a、R^8b、R^8c、R^8d は前記及び後記定義の通りである）のグルクノラクトンに加え、及び
続いて得られた付加物を、例えば メタンスルホン酸、硫酸、塩酸、酢酸又は塩化アンモニウムのような酸の存在下、水又はアルコールR'-OH（R' は任意にC_1-4-アルキルで置換されていてもよく）と反応させ、水との反応において得られた生産物（R' はH）を次の反応において酸の存在下アルコールを用いてアルコキシ誘導体に変換し、又は例えば対応する酸塩化物又は酸無水物のようなアシル化剤を用いて式IIの生成物（式中、R'は(C_1-18-アルキル)-カルボニル、(C_1-18-アルキル)オキシカルボニル、アリールカルボニル又はアリール-(C_1-3-アルキル)-カルボニルである）に変換し、定義されるように置換されていても良い。 The invention further relates to compounds of general formula II

(In the formula
R ′ is H, C _1-4 -alkyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) carbonyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyl and aryl- (C _1-3 -alkyl) -carbonyl In which the alkyl or aryl group may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen;
R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d independently of one another have one of the definitions described for the R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c group, benzyl or allyl group or R ^a R ^b R ^c Si group or ketal or acetal group, and in each case two adjacent groups R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d may form a cyclic silyl ketal, ketal or acetal group, or two of the pyranose ring Together with two oxygen atoms form a substituted 2,3-oxydioxane ring, in particular a 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-di (C _1-3 -alkoxy) -1,4-dioxane ring, and said alkyl, aryl And / or the benzyl-group may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or C _1-3 -alkoxy, and the benzyl-group may be substituted by a di- (C _1-3 -alkyl) amino group Well; and
R ^a , R ^b and R ^c are each independently C _1-4 -alkyl, aryl or aryl-C _1-3 -alkyl, and may be mono- or polysubstituted by alkyl or aryl-group halogen. ;
An aryl-group in the above group definition is a phenyl or naphthyl-group, preferably a phenyl-group; and
R ^{2 to} R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c are as defined above and below)
Halogen-metal exchange reaction or formula IV

Carbon-halogen of the halogen-benzylbenzene compound (wherein Hal is Cl, Br and I, R ¹ is CN, Cl or Br, and R ^{1 to} R ³ are as defined above and below) By inserting a metal into the bond, an organometallic compound (V) optionally obtained by a metal exchange reaction can be converted to the general formula VI

(Wherein R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d are as defined above and hereinafter), and subsequently the resulting adduct is added, for example, methanesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid Reaction with water or alcohol R′—OH (R ′ may optionally be substituted with C _1-4 -alkyl) in the presence of an acid such as acetic acid or ammonium chloride; The resulting product (R ′ is H) is converted to an alkoxy derivative with an alcohol in the presence of an acid in the next reaction, or with an acylating agent such as the corresponding acid chloride or acid anhydride. Product of II, wherein R ′ is (C _1-18 -alkyl) -carbonyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyl or aryl- (C _1-3 -alkyl) -carbonyl ) And may be substituted as defined.

  The enumerated intermediate products are also objects of the invention, in particular of formula IV, formula II and formula III.

Unless otherwise stated, groups, residues and substituents, especially R ^{1 to} R ³ , L 1, L 2, R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c , R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d are And as defined below.
If a residue, substituent or group appears several times in a compound, it may have the same or different meaning, for example L1 and L2.
Definitions of individual groups and substituents of some preferred compounds of the invention are provided herein below.

置換基R³も有するベンジル基における２個のフッ素原子は好ましくはCH₂-架橋に対してC-２及びC-６又はC-２及びC-３に位置することが好ましい。従って特に式I.１及びI.２が特に好ましい。 Preferred compounds of the invention are represented by I.1-I.4:

The two fluorine atoms in the benzyl group which also has the substituent R ³ are preferably located at C-2 and C-6 or C-2 and C-3 with respect to the CH ₂ -bridge. The formulas I.1 and I.2 are therefore particularly preferred.

The group R ¹ is preferably fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkyloxy, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl or C _3-7 -cycloalkyloxy, C _{5 In the -6} -cycloalkyl ring, the methylene group may be replaced by O, in which any alkyl or cycloalkyl ring may be mono- or polysubstituted with fluorine and / or the same or different substituent L2 May be mono- or di-substituted.
Particularly preferred values for R ¹ are chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, cyano, methoxy, ethoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl; especially methyl, cyano and chlorine.

Preferred meanings of R ² are hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy and methyl substituted with 1 to 3 fluorine atoms.
Particularly preferred values for R ² are hydrogen, fluorine, methoxy, ethoxy and methyl, especially hydrogen.

Particularly preferred meanings of R ³ are chlorine, bromine, iodine, C _1-4 -alkyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl, hydroxyl, C _1-4 -alkyloxy, C _3-7 -cycloalkyloxy, C _{1- 4} -alkylsulfanyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkylsulfanyl, and in the C _5-6 -cycloalkyl ring, the methylene group may be replaced by O, and in the formula, any alkyl group and cycloalkyl ring may be fluorine alone. It may be substituted or polysubstituted and / or monosubstituted or disubstituted with the same or different substituent L2. Especially chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2-hydroxyl-ethyl, hydroxymethyl, 3-hydroxy- Propyl, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-prop-1-yl, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-1-yl, 1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl, 2-methoxy-ethyl, 2-ethoxy- Ethyl, hydroxyl, methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, cyclobutoxy, cyclopentoxy, cyclohexyloxy, (S) -tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy, (R) -tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy, tetrahydropyran -4-yloxy, methylsulfanyl and ethylsulfanyl, more preferred Methyl properly, ethyl, n- propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, methylsulfanyl and ethylsulfanyl.

Preferably the groups L1 are independently of one another fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, hydroxy, C _1-3 -alkyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C _1-3 -alkoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy and di ( C _1-3 -alkyl) -amino.
Particularly preferably the group L1 is selected from fluorine, chlorine, hydroxy, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy and dimethylamino, in particular selected from methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy and dimethylamino.

Preferably the groups L2 are independently of one another fluorine, hydroxy, hydroxy-C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkoxy, C _1-4 -alkoxy-C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkyl, Selected from trifluoromethyl, C _1-4 -alkyl-carbonylamino, hydroxycarbonyl and C _1-4 -alkoxycarbonyl.
Particularly preferably, the group L2 is fluorine, hydroxy, hydroxy-C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkoxy, C _1-4 -alkoxy-C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkyl, hydroxycarbonyl And C _1-4 -alkoxy-carbonyl; especially selected from hydroxy, hydroxymethyl, methoxymethyl, methoxy, methyl, hydroxycarbonyl, methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl.

In the context of the present invention, the group R ⁶ is preferably hydrogen, (C _1-8 -alkyl) oxy-carbonyl, C _1-8 -alkylcarbonyl or benzoyl, in particular hydrogen or (C _1-6 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl or C _{1- 6} -alkyl-carbonyl, particularly preferably hydrogen, methylcarbonyl, methoxycarbonyl or ethoxy-carbonyl, most particularly preferably hydrogen.

The substituents R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c are preferably independently of one another hydrogen, (C _1-8 -alkyl) oxy-carbonyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) carbonyl or benzoyl, in particular hydrogen, (C _{1- 6} -alkyl) oxycarbonyl or (C _1-8 -alkyl) carbonyl, particularly preferably hydrogen, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxy-carbonyl, methylcarbonyl or ethylcarbonyl. Most particularly preferably R ^7a , R ^7b and R ^7c are hydrogen.

Compounds of formula I according to the invention, wherein R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b and R ^7c have a meaning other than hydrogen, for example C _1-8 -alkylcarbonyl, preferably intermediate in the synthesis of compounds of formula I Suitable as a product, wherein R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b and R ^7c are hydrogen.

基R¹ 〜R³ 及びR⁶ 及びR^7a、R^7b、R^7c は前述の定義の通りであり、特に定義のうち１つが好ましく; 及び特に、
R¹はフッ素、塩素、臭素、シアノ、C_1-4-アルキル、C_1-4-アルキルオキシ、C_3-7-シクロアルキル又はC_3-7-シクロアルキルオキシであり、C_5-6-シクロアルキル環において、メチレン基はOで置き換えられてもよく、式中任意のアルキル基及びシクロアルキル環はフッ素で単置換又は多置換されていてもよく及び/又は同じ又は異なる置換基L２で単置換又は２置換されても良く;さらにより好ましくはR¹ は塩素、臭素、メチル、エチル、シアノ、メトキシ、エトキシ、シクロプロピル、シクロブチルであり;及び
R²は水素、フッ素、メトキシ、エトキシ又はメチルであり、特に水素であり;及び
R³は塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、C_1-4-アルキル、C_3-7-シクロアルキル、ヒドロキシル、C_1-4-アルキルオキシ、C_3-7-シクロアルキルオキシ、C_1-4-アルキルスルファニル、C_3-7-シクロアルキルスルファニルであり、C_5-6-シクロアルキル環において、メチレン基はOで置き換えられても良く; 前記任意のアルキル基 又はシクロアルキル環はフッ素で単置換又は多置換されていてもよく及び/又は同じ又は異なる置換基L２で単置換又は２置換されても良く;特に好ましいはR³ は塩素、臭素、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、シクロプロピル、ブチル、sec-ブチル、iso-ブチル、tert-ブチル、ジフルオロメチル、トリフルオロメチル、２-ヒドロキシル-エチル、ヒドロキシメチル、３-ヒドロキシ-プロピル、２-ヒドロキシ-２-メチル-プロプ-１-イル、３-ヒドロキシ-３-メチル-ブト-１-イル、１-ヒドロキシ-１-メチル-エチル、２-メトキシ-エチル、２-エトキシ-エチル、ヒドロキシル、メトキシ、エトキシ、イソプロポキシ、ジフルオロメトキシ、トリフルオロメトキシ、シクロブトキシ、シクロペントキシ、シクロヘキシルオキシ、(S)-テトラヒドロフラン-３-イルオキシ、(R)-テトラヒドロフラン-３-イルオキシ、テトラヒドロキシピラン-４-イルオキシ、メチルスルファニル及びエチルスルファニルであり;
L２は互いに独立してフッ素、ヒドロキシ、ヒドロキシ-C_1-4-アルキル、C_1-4-アルコキシ、C_1-4-アルコキシ-C_1-4-アルキル、C_1-4-アルキル、トリフルオロメチル、C_1-4-アルキル-カルボニルアミノ、ヒドロキシカルボニル及びC_1-4-アルキルオキシカルボニルから選択され; 特にヒドロキシ、ヒドロキシメチル、メトキシメチル、メトキシ、メチル、ヒドロキシカルボニル、メトキシカルボニル及びエトキシカルボニルであり;及び
R⁶は水素、(C_1-6-アルキル)オキシカルボニル、(C_1-6-アルキル)カルボニル又はベンゾイルであり、特に水素、メチルカルボニル、メトキシカルボニル又はエトキシカルボニル、最も特に好ましくは水素であり;及び
R^7a、R^7b、R^7cは互いに独立して水素であり、(C_1-6-アルキル)オキシカルボニル、(C_1-8-アルキル)カルボニル又はベンゾイル、特に水素、メトキシカルボニル、エトキシカルボニル、メチルカルボニル又はエチルカルボニルであり、特に好ましくは水素であり;
互変異性体、立体異性体、それらの混合物及びそれらの塩を含む。 Particularly preferred compounds of the general formula I are selected from I.2a to I.2L, in particular I.2b, I.2e, I.2h and I.2k: even more preferred I.2b and I.2 2e is:

The radicals R ^{1 to} R ³ and R ⁶ and R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c are as defined above, with one of the definitions being particularly preferred;
R ¹ is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkyloxy, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl or C _3-7 -cycloalkyloxy, C _5-6- In the cycloalkyl ring, the methylene group may be replaced by O, in which any alkyl group and cycloalkyl ring may be mono- or polysubstituted with fluorine and / or single with the same or different substituent L2. And even more preferably R ¹ is chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, cyano, methoxy, ethoxy, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl; and
R ² is hydrogen, fluorine, methoxy, ethoxy or methyl, especially hydrogen; and
R ³ is chlorine, bromine, iodine, C _1-4 -alkyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl, hydroxyl, C _1-4 -alkyloxy, C _3-7 -cycloalkyloxy, C _1-4 -alkylsulfanyl , C _3-7 -cycloalkylsulfanyl, in the C _5-6 -cycloalkyl ring, the methylene group may be replaced by O; the optional alkyl group or cycloalkyl ring is mono- or polysubstituted with fluorine And / or may be mono- or di-substituted with the same or different substituent L 2; particularly preferred R ³ is chlorine, bromine, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, cyclopropyl, butyl, sec- Butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2-hydroxyl-ethyl, hydroxymethyl, 3-hydroxy-propyl, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-prop-1-yl, 3 -Hydroxy-3-methyl-but-1-yl, 1-hydroxy-1-methyl-ethyl, 2-methoxy-ethyl, 2-ethoxy-ethyl, hydroxyl, methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy Cyclobutoxy, cyclopentoxy, cyclohexyloxy, (S) -tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy, (R) -tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy, tetrahydroxypyran-4-yloxy, methylsulfanyl and ethylsulfanyl;
L2 is independently of each other fluorine, hydroxy, hydroxy-C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkoxy, C _1-4 -alkoxy-C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkyl, trifluoromethyl C _1-4 -alkyl-carbonylamino, hydroxycarbonyl and C _1-4 -alkyloxycarbonyl; especially hydroxy, hydroxymethyl, methoxymethyl, methoxy, methyl, hydroxycarbonyl, methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl; as well as
R ⁶ is hydrogen, (C _1-6 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, (C _1-6 -alkyl) carbonyl or benzoyl, especially hydrogen, methylcarbonyl, methoxycarbonyl or ethoxycarbonyl, most particularly preferably hydrogen; as well as
R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c are independently of one another hydrogen, (C _1-6 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, (C _1-8 -alkyl) carbonyl or benzoyl, especially hydrogen, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, methyl Carbonyl or ethylcarbonyl, particularly preferably hydrogen;
Including tautomers, stereoisomers, mixtures thereof and salts thereof.

Compounds of general formula I specified in the experimental section below and their tautomers, their stereoisomers and their derivatives including mixtures thereof (wherein R ⁶ of the invention is other than hydrogen, in particular R ⁶ is acetyl, ethoxycarbonyl or methoxycarbonyl) is preferred in other variations of this invention.

In the process according to the invention, the radicals R ¹ , R ² and R ³ are preferably as defined hereinbefore. Furthermore, R ′ is preferably H, C _1-3 -alkyl or benzyl, in particular H, ethyl or methyl. The groups R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c and R ^8d are independently of one another preferably H, C _1-4 -alkylcarbonyl or benzyl, in particular H, methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl or benzyl.

式中Halは塩素、臭素又はヨウ素であり、R¹、R²及びR³ は本発明の化合物の合成において中間物質又は出発物質として前記定義の通りであり、特に基R¹、R²及びR³ は以下の式I.２a〜I.２fの通りであることが好ましい。 The invention also relates to compounds of the general formula IV

Where Hal is chlorine, bromine or iodine, R ¹ , R ² and R ³ are as defined above as intermediates or starting materials in the synthesis of the compounds of the invention, in particular the groups R ¹ , R ² and R ³ is preferably as in the following formulas I.2a to I.2f.

式中、R'、R^8a、R^8b、R^8c、R^8d、R¹、R²及びR³は前記及び後記定義の通りであり; 特に 式中、R'はH、C_1-3-アルキル又はベンジルであり、特に H、エチル又はメチルであり; 及び基 R^8a、R^8b、R^8c及びR^8d は互いに独立してH、C_1-4-アルキルカルボニル、アリル又はベンジルであり、特に H、メチルカルボニル、エチルカルボニル又はベンジルであり及び基R¹、R²及びR³ は本願明細書前記定義の通りである。これらの化合物は本発明の化合物の中間生成物又は出発原料として供される。基R¹、R²及びR³ が以下の式I.２a 〜I.２Lの通りであることが特に好ましい。 The invention also relates to compounds of the general formula II

In which R ′, R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d , R ¹ , R ² and R ³ are as defined above and below; in particular, R ′ is H, C _1-3 − Alkyl or benzyl, in particular H, ethyl or methyl; and the groups R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c and R ^8d independently of one another are H, C _1-4 -alkylcarbonyl, allyl or benzyl, in particular H, methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl or benzyl and the groups R ¹ , R ² and R ³ are as defined herein above. These compounds serve as intermediate products or starting materials for the compounds of the present invention. It is particularly preferred that the radicals R ¹ , R ² and R ³ are according to the following formulas I.2a to I.2L

Several terms mentioned above and below to describe the compounds of the present invention are defined in more detail.
The term halogen denotes an atom selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I, with F, Cl and Br being particularly preferred.
C _1-n -alkyl is a branched or unbranched saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to n carbon atoms, where n can take values from 2 to 18. Examples of such groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neo-pentyl, tert-pentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl and the like Is mentioned.

C _2-n -alkynyl refers to a branched or unbranched hydrocarbon group having a value of 3 to 6, n having _{2 to n} carbon atoms, and containing a carbon triple bond. Examples of such groups are ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1-hexynyl, Examples include 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl, 5-hexynyl and the like. Unless otherwise noted, alkynyl groups are attached to the remainder of the molecule through a carbon in position 1. Therefore, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl and the like mean the same as 1-propyn-1-yl, 2-propyn-1-yl, 1-butyn-1-yl and the like. This applies equally to C _2-n -alkenyl groups.

C _1-n -alkoxy refers to a C _1-n -alkyl-O group, where C _1-n -alkyl is as defined above. Examples of such groups are methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, iso-propoxy, n-butoxy, iso-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentoxy, iso-pentoxy, neo-pentoxy, tert- Examples include pentoxy, n-hexoxy, iso-hexoxy and the like.

C _1-n -alkylcarbonyl refers to a C _1-n -alkyl-C (═O) group, where C _1-n -alkyl is as defined above. Examples of such groups are methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl, n-propylcarbonyl, isopropylcarbonyl, n-butylcarbonyl, iso-butylcarbonyl, sec-butylcarbonyl, tert-butylcarbonyl, n-pentylcarbonyl, isopentylcarbonyl , Neo-pentylcarbonyl, tert-pentylcarbonyl, n-hexylcarbonyl, isohexylcarbonyl and the like.

C _3-n -cycloalkyl refers to a mono-, bi-, tri- or spiro-saturated carbocyclic group having _{3 to n} carbon atoms. Examples of such groups are cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl, cyclodecyl, decalinyl, bicyclo [3.2.1] octyl, spiro [4.5] decyl, norpinyl, norbornyl , Norcalyl, adamantyl and the like. The term C _3-n -cycloalkyl preferably refers to a saturated monocyclic group.

C _5-n -cycloalkenyl is a C _5-n -cycloalkyl as defined hereinbefore with at least one unsaturated C═C double bond.
C _3-n - term cycloalkylcarbonyl C _3-n - refers to a cycloalkyl -C (= O) group, C _3-n - cycloalkyl is as defined above.
The term tri- (C _1-4 -alkyl) silyl is composed of silyl groups having the same or two or three different alkyl groups.

The term di- (C _1-4 -alkyl) amino consists of amino groups having the same or two different (C _1-4 -alkyl) groups.
The term aryl is preferably naphthyl or phenyl, more preferably phenyl.

  The term heteroaryl is a 5 or 6 membered monocyclic aromatic ring having 1 to 4 identical or different heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S. Heteroaryl is preferably a pyrrolyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyridyl or tetrazolyl group or a pyrrolyl, furanyl, thienyl or pyridyl group, wherein one or two methine-groups are each replaced by a nitrogen atom.

  Although it has already been used and will appear later, the way of representing the bond of a substituent of a cyclic group, for example, a phenyl ring, shown toward the center of the cyclic ring is the same unless the corresponding substituent is phenyl. It means that it may be bonded to any position that carries a ring hydrogen atom.

  The compounds of the present invention can basically be obtained using known synthetic methods. The compound is preferably obtained by the following method according to the present invention, and the method will be described in detail.

  The glucose derivative represented by Formula II of the present invention can be synthesized from D-gluconolactone or a derivative thereof by adding a desired benzylbenzene compound in the state of an organometallic compound (Scheme 1).

スキーム１の反応は好ましくは一般式IVのハロゲン化ベンジルベンゼン化合物から出発して行われ、式中Halは塩素、臭素又はヨウ素である。ベンジルベンゼン (V)のグリニャール又はリチウム試薬は対応する塩素化、臭素化又はヨウ素化ベンジルベンゼン IV からいわゆるハロゲン-金属交換反応反応又は金属を炭素-ハロゲン結合に挿入することを介して調製される。対応するリチウム化合物Vするためのハロゲン-金属交換反応は、例えばn-、sec-又はtert-ブチルリチウムのような有機リチウム化合物を用いて行っても良い。類似したマグネシウム化合物は金属化工程を加速する塩化リチウムのようなさらなる塩の存在下又は非存在下で、例えばイソプロピル又は sec-ブチルマグネシウム臭化物 若しくは塩化物又はジイソプロピル又はジ-sec-ブチルマグネシウムのような適切なグリニャール試薬とのハロゲン-金属交換反応により製造しても良い。;特定の交換金属有機マグネシウム化合物もin situで適切な前躯体から製造しても良い (例えばAngew. Chem. ２００４, １１６, ３３９６-３３９９及びAngew. Chem. ２００６, １１８, １６５-１６９ 及びそこで引用される参考文献参照)。さらに、塩化ブチルマグネシウム若しくは臭化ブチルマグネシウム又はイソプロピルマグネシウム塩化物若しくは臭化物とブチルリチウムを組み合わせて得られる有機マグネシウム化合物のアート錯体も同様に採用してもよい(例えば Angew. Chem. ２０００, １１２, ２５９４-２５９６及びTetrahedron Lett. ２００１, ４２, ４８４１-４８４４及びそこで引用される参考文献参照)。ハロゲン-金属交換反応は好ましくは４０℃〜−１００℃、特に好ましくは１０℃〜−８０℃で、例えばジエチルエーテル、ジオキサン、１,２-ジメトキシエタン、テトラヒドロフラン、トルエン、ヘキサン、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジクロロメタン又はそれらの混合物のような不活性溶媒又はそれらの混合物中で行っても良い。こうして得られたマグネシウム又はリチウム誘導化合物は任意で塩化セリウム、塩化亜鉛若しくは臭化亜鉛、塩化インジウム若しくは臭化インジウムのような金属塩で金属交換し、付加に適した他の有機金属化合物(V)を形成してもよい。あるいは、有機金属化合物 V は金属をハロ芳香族化合物IVの炭素-ハロゲン結合に挿入することにより調製しても良い。リチウム又はマグネシウム はこの変換に適した金属元素である。挿入は、例えばジエチルエーテル、ジオキサン、１,２-ジメトキシエタン、テトラヒドロフラン、トルエン、ヘキサン、ジメチルスルホキシド 及びそれらの混合物のような溶媒中で-８０〜１００℃、好ましくは-７０〜４０℃で行われる。金属の活性化に自発的な反応が起こらない場合は、例えば１,２-ジブロモエタン、ヨウ素、塩化トリメチルシリル、酢酸、塩酸及び/又は超音波による処理が必要になる。有機金属化合物Vのグルコノラクトン 又はそれらの誘導体 (VI)への付加は好ましくは４０℃〜-１００℃、特に 好ましくは０〜-８０℃の温度で、不活性溶媒又はそれらの混合物の中で行われ、式IIの化合物を得る。前述の反応はすべて、例えばＷＯ ２００４/０７６４７０に記載されている方法と同様にアルゴン又は窒素のような不活性ガス環境下で 行うことが好ましい。金属化及び/又はカップリング反応は高い交換速度を可能とするマイクロリアクター及び/又はマイクロミキサー内で行っても良い; 金属化フェニル基Vを適切に保護されたグルコノラクトン VIに付加するのに好適な溶媒としては、例えば、ジエチルエーテル、ジメトキシエタン、ベンゼン、トルエン、塩化メチレン、ヘキサン、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン、N-メチルピロリドン及びこれらの混合物が挙げられる。付加反応はさらに補助剤無しで又は不活発な反応カップリングパートナーの場合は例えばBF₃*OEt₂又はMe₃SiClのような促進剤の存在下行っても良い(M. Schlosser, Organometallics in Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons, チチェスター/ニューヨーク/ブリスベン/トロント/シンガポール、１９９４参照)。スキーム１中の置換基R⁸は好ましくはベンジル、置換ベンジル、アリル、トリアルキルシリル、特に好ましくはトリメチルシリル、トリイソプロピルシリル、アリル、４-メトキシベンジル及びベンジルである。隣接する２つの基が一緒になって結合する場合、これらの２つの基は、ベンジリデンアセタール、４-メトキシベンジリデンアセタール、イロプロピルケタールの一部であることが好ましく、あるいは、ピラノース環の隣り合う酸素原子とともにブタンの２位及び３位を介して結合する２,３-ジメトキシ-ブチレン基を有するジオキサンを構成することが好ましい。Ｒ'基は好ましくは水素原子又はC_1-4-アルキル、C_1-4-アルキルカルボニル又はC_1-4-アルキルオキシカルボニルを示し、とりわけ水素、メチル又はエチルが好ましい。Ｒ'基は、有機金属化合物Ｖ又はその誘導体をグルコノラクトンVIに付加後、挿入される。R'が水素 又はC_1-4-アルキルである場合、反応溶液は酢酸、メタンスルホン酸、トルエンスルホン酸、硫酸、トリフルオロ酢酸又は塩酸の様な酸の存在下メタノール若しくはエタノールのようなアルコール又は水で処理される。R' は水素化合物IIの調製後に酸性条件化でアルコールと反応させることにより付加しても良い。R'の導入の間、反応条件化で不安定である場合は保護基 R⁸ を開裂し対応するプロトン化化合物、すなわち、R⁸がHである化合物IIを得ても良い。 Scheme 1: Addition of organometallic compound to gluconolactone

The reaction of Scheme 1 is preferably carried out starting from a halogenated benzylbenzene compound of the general formula IV, where Hal is chlorine, bromine or iodine. The Grignard or lithium reagent of benzylbenzene (V) is prepared from the corresponding chlorinated, brominated or iodinated benzylbenzene IV via a so-called halogen-metal exchange reaction or by inserting a metal into the carbon-halogen bond. The halogen-metal exchange reaction for the corresponding lithium compound V may be carried out using an organolithium compound such as n-, sec- or tert-butyllithium. Similar magnesium compounds are used in the presence or absence of additional salts such as lithium chloride to accelerate the metallization process, such as isopropyl or sec-butylmagnesium bromide or chloride or diisopropyl or di-sec-butylmagnesium. It may also be produced by a halogen-metal exchange reaction with a suitable Grignard reagent. Specific exchange metal organomagnesium compounds may also be prepared in situ from suitable precursors (eg Angew. Chem. 2004, 116, 3396-3399 and Angew. Chem. 2006, 118, 165-169 and references therein) Reference). Further, an ate complex of an organomagnesium compound obtained by combining butylmagnesium chloride or butylmagnesium bromide or isopropylmagnesium chloride or bromide with butyllithium may also be employed (for example, Angew. Chem. 2000, 112, 2594). -2596 and Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42, 4841-4844 and references cited therein). The halogen-metal exchange reaction is preferably between 40 ° C. and −100 ° C., particularly preferably between 10 ° C. and −80 ° C., for example diethyl ether, dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, hexane, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane or You may carry out in an inert solvent like those mixtures, or those mixtures. The magnesium or lithium derived compounds thus obtained are optionally exchanged with metal salts such as cerium chloride, zinc chloride or zinc bromide, indium chloride or indium bromide and other organometallic compounds suitable for addition (V) May be formed. Alternatively, organometallic compound V may be prepared by inserting a metal into the carbon-halogen bond of haloaromatic compound IV. Lithium or magnesium is a suitable metal element for this transformation. The insertion is carried out in a solvent such as diethyl ether, dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, hexane, dimethyl sulfoxide and mixtures thereof at −80 to 100 ° C., preferably at −70 to 40 ° C. . If no spontaneous reaction occurs in the activation of the metal, for example, treatment with 1,2-dibromoethane, iodine, trimethylsilyl chloride, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid and / or ultrasound is required. The addition of organometallic compound V to gluconolactone or their derivatives (VI) is preferably carried out at temperatures between 40 ° C. and −100 ° C., particularly preferably between 0 ° C. and −80 ° C., in inert solvents or mixtures thereof. Is carried out to obtain a compound of formula II. All of the above reactions are preferably carried out in an inert gas environment such as argon or nitrogen, as in the method described in WO 2004/076470, for example. The metallization and / or coupling reaction may be carried out in a microreactor and / or micromixer that allows a high exchange rate; to add a metallized phenyl group V to an appropriately protected gluconolactone VI. Suitable solvents include, for example, diethyl ether, dimethoxyethane, benzene, toluene, methylene chloride, hexane, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, N-methylpyrrolidone and mixtures thereof. The addition reaction may also be carried out without an auxiliary agent or in the presence of an accelerator such as BF ₃ * OEt ₂ or Me ₃ SiCl in the case of an inactive reaction coupling partner (M. Schlosser, Organometallics in Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester / New York / Brisbane / Toronto / Singapore, see 1994). The substituent R ⁸ in Scheme 1 is preferably benzyl, substituted benzyl, allyl, trialkylsilyl, particularly preferably trimethylsilyl, triisopropylsilyl, allyl, 4-methoxybenzyl and benzyl. When two adjacent groups are bonded together, these two groups are preferably part of a benzylidene acetal, 4-methoxybenzylidene acetal, isopropylpropyl ketal, or adjacent oxygens in the pyranose ring It is preferable to constitute a dioxane having a 2,3-dimethoxy-butylene group bonded through the 2-position and 3-position of butane with the atom. The R ′ group preferably represents a hydrogen atom or C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkylcarbonyl or C _1-4 -alkyloxycarbonyl, especially hydrogen, methyl or ethyl. The R ′ group is inserted after the organometallic compound V or derivative thereof is added to gluconolactone VI. When R ′ is hydrogen or C _1-4 -alkyl, the reaction solution is an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol in the presence of an acid such as acetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, trifluoroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid, or Treated with water. R ′ may be added by reacting with alcohol under acidic conditions after preparation of hydrogen compound II. If the reaction conditions are unstable during the introduction of R ′, the protecting group R ⁸ may be cleaved to obtain the corresponding protonated compound, ie, compound II where R ⁸ is H.

  Synthesis of haloaromatic compounds of formula IV may be carried out by standard transformations in organic chemistry or at least using methods known from the literature of experts in organic synthesis (especially Advanced Organic Reactions by J. March). Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure, 4th edition, published by John Wiley & Sons, Chester / New York / Brisbane / Toronto / Singapore, 1992 and references cited therein). More specifically, the use of transition metals and organometallic compounds in the synthesis of aromatic compounds is described in detail in several research papers (e.g. L. Brandsma, SF Vasilevsky, HD Verkruijsse, Application of Transition Metal Catalysts in Organic Synthesis, Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg, 1998; M. Schlosser, Organometallics in Synthesis, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester / New York / Brisbane / Toronto / Singapore, 1994; PJ Stang, F. Diederich, Metal-Catalyzed Cross- Coupling Reactions, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1997 and references cited therein). The synthesis method described below is given as an example. In addition, the aglycone moiety may be assembled with an already existing pyranose moiety using the same synthetic method.

スキーム２では、塩化ベンゾイルと第２の芳香族基から出発して、フリーデルクラフツアシル化反応またはその改変法により、式IVのハロ芳香族化合物の合成に使用される前躯体化合物の調製を示している。この典型的な反応は、基質の範囲が広く、通常、触媒量又は化学量論的量の例えばAlCl₃、FeCl₃、ヨウ素、鉄、ZnCl₂、硫酸又はトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸等の触媒の存在下で行われる。塩化ベンゾイルのかわりに、対応するカルボン酸、その無水物もしくはエステル又はベンゾニトリルの使用も可能である。好ましくは、例えば、ジクロロメタン及び１,２-ジクロロエタン等の塩素化炭化水素化合物中で、温度-３０〜１２０℃、好ましくは３０〜１００℃で反応を行う。
しかしながら、溶媒を使用しない反応又は電子レンジでの反応も可能である Scheme 2: Synthesis of diaryl ketone fragments

Scheme 2 shows the preparation of precursor compounds used in the synthesis of haloaromatic compounds of formula IV, starting from benzoyl chloride and a second aromatic group, by a Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction or a modification thereof. ing. The typical reaction, the range of the substrate is wide, usually a catalytic amount or stoichiometric amount of such as AlCl _3, FeCl _3, iodine, iron, ZnCl _2, the presence of a catalyst such as sulfuric acid or trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Done in Instead of benzoyl chloride it is also possible to use the corresponding carboxylic acid, its anhydride or ester or benzonitrile. Preferably, the reaction is performed at a temperature of −30 to 120 ° C., preferably 30 to 100 ° C. in a chlorinated hydrocarbon compound such as dichloromethane and 1,2-dichloroethane.
However, a reaction without using a solvent or a reaction in a microwave oven is also possible.

スキーム ３において置換基 RはC_1-3-アルキル又はアリールである。ジアリールケトン又はジアリールメタノールから出発し、１又は２つの反応工程でジアリールメタンを得る。ジアリールケトンは対応するジフェニルメタノールを介して２段階で、又は１段階でジアリールメタンに還元しても良い。２段階の変法において、ケトンは例えばNaBH₄、LiAlH₄ 又はiBu₂AlHのような金属水素化物のような還元剤を用いて還元し、アルコールを形成する。得られたアルコールは例えば BF₃*OEt₂、InCl₃又はAlCl₃のようなルイス酸又は例えば塩酸、硫酸、トリフルオロ酢酸又は酢酸のようなブレンステッド酸の存在下、Et₃SiH、NaBH₄又はPh₂SiClHのような還元剤を用いて変換し所望のジフェニルメタンを得る。ケトンからジフェニルメタンを得る１段階工程は例えばたとえばEt₃SiHのようなシラン、例えばNaBH₄のような水素化ホウ素 又はLiAlH₄のような水素化アルミニウム を用いて例えば BF₃*OEt₂、トリス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)-ボラン、トリフルオロ酢酸、塩酸、塩化アルミニウム又はInCl₃のようなルイス又はブレンステッド酸の存在下行う。反応は好ましくは 例えばジクロロメタン、トルエン、アセトニトリル、又はそれらの混合物 のようなハロゲン化炭化水素のような溶媒中で-３０〜１５０℃、好ましくは２０〜１００℃で行う。例えばパラジウム炭素のような遷移金属触媒の存在下の水素による還元は他の可能性のある合成法である。ウォルフ・キシュナー法又はその変法による還元も可能である。ケトンはまず１,２-ビス(tert-ブチルジメチルシリル)ヒドラジンのようなヒドラジン 又はそれらの誘導体を用いてヒドラゾンに変換し、該ヒドラゾンは強い塩基性反応条件下分解し加熱してジフェニルメタン及び窒素を形成する。反応は一反応工程で又は又はヒドラゾン又はそれらの誘導体を分離した後に２つの別個の反応工程で行っても良い。適切な塩基には例えばKOH、NaOH又はKOtBuの例えばエチレングリコール、トルエン、DMSO、２-(２-ブトキシエトキシ)エタノール又はtert-ブタノール溶液が含まれ;溶媒を含まない反応もまた可能である。反応は２０〜２５０℃で好ましくは８０〜２００℃で行われても良い。ウォルフ・キシュナー還元の塩基性条件の代わりに、酸性条件下で行われるクレメンゼン還元を使用しても良い。ジアリールメタノールにおけるアルコール官能基は最初に塩素、臭素、ヨウ素、酢酸、炭酸、リン酸又は硫酸のような脱離基に変換してもよく;後続のジアリールメタンを形成する還元工程は有機化学分野の文献に広く記載されている。 Scheme 3: Reduction of diaryl ketone and diarylmethanol to diarylmethane

In Scheme 3, the substituent R is C _1-3 -alkyl or aryl. Starting from a diaryl ketone or diarylmethanol, diarylmethane is obtained in one or two reaction steps. The diaryl ketone may be reduced to the diarylmethane in two steps or in one step via the corresponding diphenylmethanol. In a two-stage variant, the ketone is reduced using a reducing agent such as a metal hydride such as NaBH ₄ , LiAlH ₄ or iBu ₂ AlH to form an alcohol. The alcohol obtained is Et ₃ SiH, NaBH ₄ or in the presence of a Lewis acid such as BF ₃ * OEt ₂ , InCl ₃ or AlCl ₃ or a Bronsted acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, trifluoroacetic acid or acetic acid. Conversion using a reducing agent such as Ph ₂ SiClH yields the desired diphenylmethane. A one-step process for obtaining diphenylmethane from a ketone, for example using a silane such as Et ₃ SiH, eg borohydride such as NaBH ₄ or aluminum hydride such as LiAlH ₄ , eg BF ₃ * OEt ₂ , tris (penta fluorophenyl) - borane, trifluoroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid, carried out in the presence of a Lewis or Bronsted acid such as aluminum chloride or InCl _3. The reaction is preferably carried out at −30 to 150 ° C., preferably 20 to 100 ° C. in a solvent such as a halogenated hydrocarbon such as dichloromethane, toluene, acetonitrile, or mixtures thereof. Reduction with hydrogen in the presence of a transition metal catalyst such as palladium on carbon is another possible synthesis. Reduction by the Wolf Kishner method or its modification is also possible. Ketones are first converted to hydrazones using hydrazines such as 1,2-bis (tert-butyldimethylsilyl) hydrazine or their derivatives, which decompose and heat under strong basic reaction conditions to heat diphenylmethane and nitrogen. Form. The reaction may be carried out in one reaction step or in two separate reaction steps after separating the hydrazone or derivatives thereof. Suitable bases include, for example, KOH, NaOH or KOtBu, for example ethylene glycol, toluene, DMSO, 2- (2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol or tert-butanol solutions; reaction without solvent is also possible. The reaction may be carried out at 20 to 250 ° C, preferably 80 to 200 ° C. Instead of the basic conditions of the Wolf-Kishner reduction, a Clementen reduction performed under acidic conditions may be used. The alcohol functionality in diarylmethanol may be first converted to a leaving group such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, acetic acid, carbonic acid, phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid; the subsequent reduction step to form diarylmethane is in organic chemistry. Widely described in the literature.

スキーム ４において、「Alk」という語はC_1-3-アルキルであり各置換基Rは互いに独立してH、C_1-3-アルキル及びC_1-3-アルコキシから成る群から選択される。スキーム４は、金属化フェニル基から出発したジアリールメタン 及びそれらの可能性のある前駆体化合物の合成を示す。リチウム又はマグネシウム置換芳香族化合物は塩素化、臭素化又はヨウ素化芳香族から例えば 塩化リチウムのような金属化工程を促進する付加的な塩の存在下又は非存在下で例えばn-、sec-又はtert-ブチルリチウムのような有機リチウム化合物又は例えばイソプロピル-又はsec-ブチルマグネシウム臭化物又は塩化物又はジイソプロピル-又はジ-sec-ブチルマグネシウムのような適切なグリニャール試薬とのハロゲン-金属交換反応によって行う。; 特定の交換金属有機マグネシウム化合物もin situで適切な前躯体から製造しても良い。さらに、塩化ブチルマグネシウム若しくは臭化ブチルマグネシウム又はイソプロピルマグネシウム塩化物若しくは臭化物とブチルリチウムを組み合わせて得られる有機マグネシウム化合物のアート錯体も同様に採用してもよい。炭素-ハロゲン結合への遷移金属の挿入も適用可能である。 ボロン酸、ボロン酸エステル又はジアルキルアリールボランのような対応するホウ素置換化合物はこれらの金属化フェニル基からボロン酸エステル又はそれらの誘導体のようなホウ素求電子試薬との反応により得ることができる。さらに、ボリル化芳香族化合物は対応するハロゲン化又は擬ハロゲン前駆体及びジボロン又はボラン化合物から遷移金属、例えばパラジウム触媒反応により調製される(例えば Tetrahedron Lett. ２００３, p. ４８９５-４８９８ 及びそこで引用される参考文献を参照)。あるいは、リチウム又はマグネシウム誘導フェニル金属化合物はリチウム又はマグネシウム塩基を用いて水素原子を置換することによって得てもいい。採用可能な塩基は例えばn-、sec- 又はtert-ブチルリチウム、ブチル又は i-プロピルマグネシウムハライド、２,２,６,６-テトラメチルピペリジノリチウム又はマグネシウムハライド、リチウム又はマグネシウムジイソピルアミドであり、さらに塩化リチウムのような塩またはt-ブトキシカリウムのような塩基と組み合わせて使用しても良い (例えばAngew. Chem. ２００６、１１８、３０２４-３０２７ 及び Tetrahedron Lett. ２００４、４５、６６９７-６７０１及びその中で引用されている参考文献を参照)。リチウム又はマグネシウム置換フェニル化合物をベンズアルデヒド(工程３)及び安息香酸 エステル、例えばワインレブタイプの-ベンゾニトリルまたは塩化ベンゾイルのようなベンズアミドのような安息香酸又はそれらの誘導体(工程４)に加えた。これらの反応は主にさらなる遷移金属触媒またはセリウム、インジウム又は亜鉛のような他の金属への金属交換無しに行われ;時には後述の代替方法の使用が有利である。アリールボロン酸はベンズアルデヒドに各ジアリールメタノールを提供するロジウム触媒を用いて付加することができる (例えばAdv. Synth. Catal. ２００１, p. ３４３-３５０ 及びそこで引用される参考文献参照)。さらに、アリールボロン酸、それらのエステル、ジアルキルアリールボラン又はアリールトリフルオロボレートは例えばパラジウム、錯体又はそれらの塩のような遷移金属によりを介して塩化ベンゾイルとカップリングしジアリールケトンを得る。金属化フェニル-基は、ベンジル塩化物、臭化物又はヨウ化物のようなベンジル求電子試薬と反応しジアリールメタンを得ることができる。リチウム又はマグネシウム誘導フェニル化合物は好ましくはしかし常に必要ではないが銅、鉄又はパラジウムのような遷移金属の存在下反応される (例えばOrg. Lett. ２００１, ３, ２８７１-２８７４ 及びそこで引用される参考文献参照)。リチウム又はマグネシウムから例えばホウ素、スズ、ケイ素又は亜鉛への金属交換反応は例えばそれぞれ対応する芳香族ボロン酸、スタンナン、シラン、亜鉛化合物を提供し、それらはベンジル求電子試薬、例えばベンジルハロゲニド、カルボネート、ホスフェート、スルホネート又はカルボキシルエステルとカップリングしても良い。。反応はパラジウム、ニッケル、ロジウム、銅、又は鉄のような遷移金属の存在下行う (例えばTetrahedron Lett. ２００４, p. ８２２５-８２２８ 及び Org. Lett. ２００５, p. ４８７５-４８７８ 及びその中で引用されている参考文献参照)。 Scheme 4: Synthesis of diarylmethane units and their potential precursor compounds

In Scheme 4, the term “Alk” is C _1-3 -alkyl and each substituent R is independently selected from the group consisting of H, C _1-3 -alkyl and C _1-3 -alkoxy. Scheme 4 shows the synthesis of diarylmethanes and their potential precursor compounds starting from metallated phenyl groups. Lithium or magnesium substituted aromatic compounds can be prepared from chlorinated, brominated or iodinated aromatics, for example in the presence or absence of additional salts that facilitate metallization processes such as lithium chloride, for example n-, sec- or It is carried out by a halogen-metal exchange reaction with an organolithium compound such as tert-butyllithium or an appropriate Grignard reagent such as isopropyl- or sec-butylmagnesium bromide or chloride or diisopropyl- or di-sec-butylmagnesium. Certain exchange metal organomagnesium compounds may also be produced in situ from suitable precursors. Furthermore, an art complex of an organomagnesium compound obtained by combining butylmagnesium chloride, butylmagnesium bromide, isopropylmagnesium chloride or bromide and butyllithium may be employed as well. Insertion of transition metals into the carbon-halogen bond is also applicable. Corresponding boron-substituted compounds such as boronic acids, boronic esters or dialkylarylboranes can be obtained from these metallated phenyl groups by reaction with boron electrophiles such as boronic esters or derivatives thereof. In addition, borated aromatic compounds are prepared from the corresponding halogenated or pseudohalogen precursors and diboron or borane compounds by transition metals such as palladium catalyzed reactions (eg Tetrahedron Lett. 2003, p. 4895-4898 and cited therein). See references). Alternatively, the lithium or magnesium derived phenyl metal compound may be obtained by substituting a hydrogen atom with a lithium or magnesium base. Possible bases are, for example, n-, sec- or tert-butyllithium, butyl or i-propylmagnesium halide, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinolithium or magnesium halide, lithium or magnesium diisopyramide And may be used in combination with a salt such as lithium chloride or a base such as t-butoxy potassium (for example, Angew. Chem. 2006, 118, 3024-2030 and Tetrahedron Lett. 2004, 45, 6697- 6701 and references cited therein). Lithium or magnesium substituted phenyl compounds were added to benzaldehyde (step 3) and benzoic acid esters, eg benzoic acids such as benzamides such as wine rev type-benzonitrile or benzoyl chloride or derivatives thereof (step 4). These reactions are mainly carried out without further transition metal catalysts or metal exchange to other metals such as cerium, indium or zinc; sometimes the use of alternative methods described below is advantageous. Arylboronic acids can be added to benzaldehyde using rhodium catalysts that provide each diarylmethanol (see, eg, Adv. Synth. Catal. 2001, p. 343-350 and references cited therein). In addition, aryl boronic acids, their esters, dialkylaryl boranes or aryl trifluoroborate are coupled with benzoyl chloride via a transition metal such as palladium, complexes or their salts to give diaryl ketones. Metalated phenyl-groups can be reacted with benzyl electrophiles such as benzyl chloride, bromide or iodide to give diarylmethanes. Lithium or magnesium derived phenyl compounds are preferably but not always necessary, but are reacted in the presence of transition metals such as copper, iron or palladium (eg Org. Lett. 2001, 3, 2871-2874 and references cited therein). See literature). Metal exchange reactions from lithium or magnesium to eg boron, tin, silicon or zinc provide for example the corresponding aromatic boronic acids, stannanes, silanes, zinc compounds, which are benzyl electrophiles such as benzyl halides, carbonates, respectively. , Phosphates, sulfonates or carboxyl esters. . The reaction is carried out in the presence of a transition metal such as palladium, nickel, rhodium, copper or iron (eg Tetrahedron Lett. 2004, p. 8225-8228 and Org. Lett. 2005, p. 4875-4878 and references therein). See references).

（式中、R'、R¹〜R⁵は前述の定義の通りであり、
R^8a、R^8b、R^8c、R^8d は前述の定義の通りであり、互いに独立して、例えばアセチル、ピバロイル、ベンゾイル、tert-ブトキシカルボニル、ベンジルオキシカルボニル、トリアルキルシリル、アリル、ベンジル又は置換ベンジルであり、又は各場合において２つの隣接する-基 R^8a、R^8b、R^8c、R^8d はベンジリデンアセタール、ジイソプロピルシリリデンケタール又はイソプロピリデンケタール又はブチレン基の２位及び３位を介してピラノース環の酸素原子と結合する２,３-ジメトキシ-ブチレン基と共に結合しそれらと上記記載の通り得た置換ジオキサンを形成し還元剤する）
をルイス又はブレンステッド酸の存在下反応させる。 To prepare compounds of general formula I, compounds of general formula II that may be obtained as described below in step a) of the present invention

Wherein R ′ and R ^{1 to} R ⁵ are as defined above,
R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d are as defined above and independently of each other, for example, acetyl, pivaloyl, benzoyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, trialkylsilyl, allyl, benzyl or substituted Benzyl, or in each case two adjacent-groups R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d are pyranose via the 2- and 3-positions of the benzylidene acetal, diisopropylsilylidene ketal or isopropylidene ketal or butylene group Combined with the 2,3-dimethoxy-butylene group bonded to the ring oxygen atom to form the substituted dioxane obtained as described above and to form a reducing agent)
Is reacted in the presence of Lewis or Bronsted acid.

  Suitable reducing agents for the reaction include, for example, silanes such as triethyl-, tripropyl-, triisopropyl or diphenylsilane, sodium borohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, zinc borohydride, borane, lithium aluminum hydride, Diisobutylaluminum hydride or samarium iodide. The reduction is for example of a suitable Bronsted acid such as hydrochloric acid, toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid or acetic acid, for example boron trifluoride ethyl ether, trimethylsilyl triflate, titanium tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride, scandium triflate or zinc iodide. In the presence or absence of such a Lewis acid. Depending on the reducing agent and acid used, it is carried out in a solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform, acetonitrile, toluene, hexane, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ethanol, water or mixtures thereof at -60 ° C to 120 ° C. . One particularly suitable reagent combination consists, for example, of triethylsilane and boron trifluoride ethyl ether and is conveniently used at −60 ° C. to 60 ° C. in acetonitrile or dichloromethane. Furthermore, hydrogen may be used in the above transformations in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol, water or acetic acid in the presence of a transition metal catalyst such as palladium on carbon or Raney nickel.

（式中、Ｒ¹〜Ｒ⁵は本願明細書前記で定義したとおりであり、
Ｒ^8a〜Ｒ^8dは本願明細書で定義した保護基の１つを表し、例えば、アシル、アリールメチル、アセタール、ケタール又はシリル基を指し、これらは例えば、本願明細書記載の式IIで表される化合物を還元することで得られる。）において、該保護基が開裂される。 Alternatively, to prepare compounds of general formula I according to step b) of the present invention,
Compounds of general formula III

(Wherein R ^{1 to} R ⁵ are as defined above in the present specification,
R ^{8a to} R ^8d represent one of the protecting groups defined herein and refer to, for example, an acyl, arylmethyl, acetal, ketal, or silyl group, which may be represented, for example, by Formula II described herein. It can be obtained by reducing the compound. ), The protecting group is cleaved.

  When acyl protecting groups are used, for example, in an aqueous solvent such as water, isopropanol / water, acetic acid / water, tetrahydrofuran / water or dioxane / water, in the presence of an acid such as trifluoroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, Alternatively, cleavage by hydrolysis in the presence of an alkali metal base such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, or in the presence of, for example, iodotrimethylsilane, at a temperature of 0 to 120 ° C., preferably 10 to 100 ° C. Let In the case of a trifluoroacetyl group, it is treated with an acid such as hydrochloric acid, optionally in the presence of a solvent such as acetic acid, at 50 to 120 ° C., or optionally with tetrahydrofuran or methanol using a sodium hydroxide solution. It is preferable to cleave by treating at 0 to 50 ° C. in the presence of a solvent such as.

  When an acetal or ketal protecting group is used, for example, an acid such as trifluoroacetic acid, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid in an aqueous solvent such as water, isopropanol / water, acetic acid / water, tetrahydrofuran / water or dioxane / water. Cleavage by hydrolysis at a temperature of 0 to 120 ° C., preferably 10 to 100 ° C. in the presence or in the presence of, for example, iodotrimethylsilane under aprotic conditions.

The trimethylsilyl group is cleaved in the presence of a base such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate or sodium methoxide in, for example, water, an aqueous solvent mixture or a lower alcohol such as methanol or ethanol.
In the aqueous solvent or alcohol solvent, for example, an acid such as hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid or acetic acid is also suitable. For cleavage in organic solvents, for example in organic solvents such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dichloromethane, the use of fluoride reagents such as tetrabutylammonium fluoride is also suitable.

  The benzyl, methoxybenzyl or benzyloxycarbonyl group is optionally added in the presence of a catalyst such as palladium / charcoal in a suitable solvent such as methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate or acetic anhydride, optionally with an acid such as hydrochloric acid, It is advantageous to cleave by hydrogenolysis, for example with hydrogen, at an ambient temperature of 0 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 60 ° C., at a hydrogen pressure of 1 to 7 bar, preferably 3 to 5 bar. In the case of 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl groups, however, it is preferred to cleave in trifluoroacetic acid in the presence of anisole. The benzyl group is preferably cleaved with boron trichloride in the presence of anisole.

  The t-butyl group or t-butyloxycarbonyl group is preferably cleaved by treatment with an acid such as trifluoroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid, or with iodotrimethylsilane, optionally with methylene chloride, dioxane, methanol or diethyl A solvent such as ether may be used.

  In the reactions described hereinabove, any reactive groups present such as ethynyl, hydroxy, amino, alkylamino or imino groups can be protected during the reaction with conventional protecting groups and are cleaved again after the reaction. Is done.

  For example, the protecting group for the ethynyl group may be a trialkylsilyl group such as a trimethylsilyl group, a triisopropylsilyl group, or a dialkyl-hydroxymethyl such as a 2-hydroxyisoprop-2-yl group.

For example, the protecting group for the hydroxyl group may be methyl, methoxymethyl, trimethylsilyl group, acetyl group, trityl group, benzyl group or tetrahydropyranyl group.
Examples of the protecting group for amino group, alkylamino group or imino group include, for example, formyl group, acetyl group, trifluoroacetyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, t-butoxycarbonyl group, benzyloxycarbonyl group, benzyl group, methoxybenzyl group or It may be a 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl group.

  Furthermore, the resulting compounds of general formula I may be separated into enantiomers and / or diastereoisomers as described hereinabove. For example, cis / trans mixtures can be separated into their cis and trans isomers, or compounds having at least one optically active carbon atom can be resolved into enantiomers.

  Thus, for example, the cis / trans mixture can be separated into cis and trans isomers by chromatography, and the compounds of general formula I obtained as racemates can be obtained by methods known per se (Allinger NL and Eliel EL "Topics in Stereochemistry" Vol. 6, Wiley Interscience (1971)) can be resolved into enantiomers. The compounds of the general formula I having at least two asymmetric carbon atoms can also be obtained by diastereoisomers based on their respective physicochemical differences by methods known per se, for example by chromatography and / or fractional crystallization. Can be divided into Also, if the compound is obtained in racemic form, it can be subsequently separated into enantiomers as described above.

  The enantiomers are preferably separated by column separation with a chiral phase or by recrystallization from an optically active solvent, or an optically active substance that forms a derivative such as a salt or ester or amide together with the racemic compound, In particular, reacting with acids and their activated derivatives or alcohols, separating the diastereoisomeric mixtures of the resulting salts or derivatives, e.g. by separating them on the basis of differences in solubility, purifying the free enantiomers. The diastereoisomeric salt or derivative is preferably separated by release using the action of a suitable substance. Examples of generally used optically active acids include D-form and L-form tartaric acid, or dibenzoyltartaric acid, di-o-tolyltartaric acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, glutamic acid, aspartic acid or quinic acid. It is done. The optically active alcohol is, for example, (+) or (−)-menthol, and the optically active acyl group in the amide is, for example, (+) or (−)-menthyloxycarbonyl.

  Furthermore, the compounds of formula (I) may be converted into salts, and in particular for pharmaceutical use, can be converted into pharmaceutically acceptable salts using inorganic or organic acids. Examples of acids that can be used for this purpose include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and maleic acid.

  In addition, the resulting compounds can be converted into amino acids, in particular 1: 1 or 1: 2 mixtures with alpha-amino acids such as proline or phenylalanine. They can have particularly favorable properties such as high crystallinity.

  The compounds of the present invention can also be obtained advantageously using the methods described in the examples below, but for these purposes these methods are known to the person skilled in the art from the literature, for example WO 98/31697, WO 01/27128, WO 02/083066, WO 03/099836, WO 2004/063209, WO 2004/080990, WO 2004/013118, WO 2004/052902, WO 2004/052903, WO 2005/092877, WO It can also be combined with the methods described in WO 06/010557, WO 06/018150, WO 06/037537, WO 06/089872, WO 2006/064033 and US application US 2003/0114390.

  As already mentioned, the compounds of general formula I according to the invention and the physiologically acceptable salts thereof have useful pharmacological properties, in particular the inhibition of the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT, preferably SGLT2. Has an effect.

The biological properties of this novel compound can be examined as follows. :
The SGLT-2 activity-inhibiting ability of the substance is stabilized by the expression vector pZeoSV (Invitrogen, EMBL accession number L36849) in the CHO-K1 cell line (ATCC No. CCL 61) or HEK293 cell line (ATCC No. CRL-1573). And can be demonstrated in a test apparatus including a cDNA for the coding sequence of human sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (Genbank Acc. No. NM_003041) (CHO-hSGLT2 or HEK-hSGLT2). This cell line carries ¹⁴ C-labeled α-methyl-glucopyranoside ( ¹⁴ C-AMG, manufactured by Amersham) into the cells in a sodium-dependent manner.

The SGLT-2 assay is performed as follows. :
10% fetal bovine serum and 250 μg / ml zeocin (zeocin, manufactured by Invitrogen) were cultured in ham-F12 medium (BioWhittaker) in CHO-hSGLT2 cells, and 10% fetal calf in HEK293-hSGLT2 cells in DMEM medium. Serum and 250 μg / ml Zeocin (zeocin, manufactured by Invitrogen) are cultured. After washing twice with PBS, treatment with trypsin / EDTA is performed and the cells are removed from the culture flask. Cell medium is added and the cells are centrifuged, resuspended in medium and counted in a Casy cell counter. Further, inoculate a white 96-well plate coated with poly-D-lysine at 40,000 cells per well and culture at 37 ° C. and 5% CO ₂ . 250 μl assay buffer (Hanks balanced salt solution, 137 mM NaCl, 5.4 mM KCl, 2.8 mM CaCl ₂ , 1.2 mM MgSO ₄ and 10 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 50 μg / ml gentamicin) Then wash the cells twice. Thereafter, 250 μl assay buffer and 5 μl test compound are added to each well and incubated for an additional 15 minutes in an incubator. 5 μl of 10% DMSO is used as a negative control. The reaction is started by adding 5 μl of ¹⁴ C-AMG (0.05 μCi) to each well. After 2 hours incubation at 37 ° C. and 5% CO ₂ , the cells are washed again with 250 μl PBS (20 ° C.) and lysed by adding 25 μl 0.1 N sodium hydroxide (5 min, 37 ° C.). 200 μl of MicroScint20 (Packard) is added to each cell and incubation is continued at 37 ° C. for an additional 20 minutes. After completion of the culture, the radioactivity of the absorbed ¹⁴ C-AMG is measured using a ¹⁴ C scintillation program with Topcount (manufactured by Packard).

In order to determine the selectivity for human SGLT1, a cDNA for hSGLT1 (Genbank Acc. No. NM000343) is expressed in CHO-K1 or HEK293 cells instead of the cDNA for hSGLT2, and the same test is performed.
The EC50 values of the compounds of general formula I according to the invention may be less than 1000 nM, preferably less than 200 nM, most preferably less than 50 nM.

  In view of the ability to inhibit SGLT activity, the compounds of general formula I according to the invention and their corresponding pharmaceutically acceptable salts are effective for all symptoms or diseases in which inhibition of SGLT activity, in particular SGLT-2 activity, is effective. It is theoretically suitable for the treatment and / or prevention treatment. Therefore, the compounds of the present invention are suitable for diseases, especially metabolic disorders or symptoms such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes, diabetic complications (eg retinopathy, nephropathy or neurosis, diabetic foot gangrene, ulcers, Macrovascular disease), metabolic acidosis or ketosis, reactive hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, glucose metabolic disease, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome (metabolic syndrome), dyslipidemia due to different causes, atherosclerosis And related diseases, obesity, hypertension, chronic heart failure, edema, hyperuricemia and the like are particularly suitable. The substance of the present invention is also suitable for preventing beta cell degeneration such as apoptosis or necrosis of pancreatic beta cells. Furthermore, it is also suitable for improving or restoring the function of pancreatic cells, increasing the number of pancreatic beta cells, and increasing the size. The compounds of the present invention can also be used as diuretics or antihypertensives, and are also suitable for the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury.

  By administering the compound of the present invention, abnormal accumulation of fat in the liver is reduced or inhibited. Therefore, another aspect of the present invention is the prevention of diseases or symptoms resulting from abnormal accumulation of liver fat in a patient in need thereof, characterized by administering a compound or pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, It relates to deceleration, delay or treatment. Diseases or symptoms caused by abnormal accumulation of liver fat are particularly common fatty liver, non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), hypertrophic-induced fatty liver , Selected from the group consisting of diabetic fatty liver, alcohol-induced fatty liver or toxic fatty liver.

Among them, the compounds of the present invention also include pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and are suitable for the prevention or treatment of diabetes, particularly type 1 and type 2 diabetes and / or complications of diabetes.
Furthermore, the compounds according to the invention are particularly suitable for the prevention or treatment of overweight, obesity (class I, class II and / or class III obesity), visceral obesity and / or abdominal obesity.

  The dose required to obtain activity corresponding to treatment or prevention usually varies depending on the compound to be administered, the patient, the state or severity of the disease or symptom, and the administration method and the number of administration. Is to decide. For convenience, the dosage for intravenous administration is conveniently 1 to 100 mg, more preferably 1 to 30 mg, and for oral administration, 1 to 1000 mg is convenient and 1 to 100 mg is more preferable. In some cases, it is administered 1 to 4 times a day. For this purpose, the compounds of formula I prepared according to the invention are optionally combined with other active ingredients, one or more conventional inert carriers and / or diluents, for example Corn starch, lactose, glucose, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, citric acid, tartaric acid, water, water / ethanol, water / glycerol, water / sorbitol, water / polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, cetylstearyl alcohol, carboxy Conventional herbal medicines such as tablets, coated tablets, capsules, powders, suspensions or suppositories can be prepared by formulating together with fat-containing substances such as methylcellulose or solid fat, or suitable mixtures thereof. .

Moreover, the compound of this invention can be used with another active ingredient especially for the purpose of the treatment and / or prevention of the said disease and symptom. The active ingredient suitable for such a combination includes, for example, an active ingredient that enhances the therapeutic effect of the SGLT antagonist according to the present invention and / or the SGLT antagonist of the present invention for one of the described indications. The active ingredient which can reduce dosage is mentioned. Suitable therapeutic agents for such combinations include, for example, metformin, sulfonylurea compounds (eg glibenclamide, tolbutamide, glimepiride), nateglinide, repaglinide, thiazolidinediones (eg rosiglitazone, pioglitazone), PPAR-gamma agonists ( Eg, GI262570) and antagonists, PPAR-gamma / alpha modulators (eg KRP297), alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (eg acarbose, voglibose), DPP-IV inhibitors (eg LAF237, MK-431), alpha2-antagonists, Insulin and its analogues, GLP-1 and its analogues (eg exendin-4) or antidiabetic agents such as amylin. Also included in this list are inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1, substances that affect unregulated glucose production in the liver, such as inhibitors of glucose-6-phosphatase or fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase inhibition Agents, glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors, glucagon receptor antagonists and inhibitors of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, glycogen synthase kinase inhibitors or pyruvate dehydrokinase inhibitors, HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors (eg simvastatin, atorvastatin) Lipid lowering agents such as fibrates (eg bezafibrate, fenofibrate), nicotinic acid and its derivatives, PPAR-alpha agonists, PPAR-delta agonists, ACAT inhibitors (eg Av Increases HDL such as asimimib, or cholesterol reabsorption inhibitors such as ezetimibe, bile acid binding substances such as cholestyramine, inhibitors of bile acid transport to the ileum, such as CETP inhibitors or ABC1 regulators Or an active ingredient for the treatment of obesity, such as sibutramine or tetrahydrolipostatin, dexfenfluramine, axoquin, cannabinoid 1 receptor antagonist, MCH-1 receptor antagonist, MC4 receptor agonist, NPY5 or NPY2 antagonists, or β ₃ -agonists such as SB-418790 or AD-9677, as well as agonists of the 5HT2c receptor.

Further, for example, A-II antagonists or ACE inhibitors, ECE inhibitors, diuretics, β-blockers, calcium antagonists, centrally acting antihypertensive agents, α-2-adrenergic receptor antagonists, neutral endo It is preferred to use the present compound together with a pharmaceutical agent having an effect on hypertension, chronic heart failure or atherosclerosis, such as a peptidase inhibitor or a platelet aggregation inhibitor, or a combination thereof. Examples of angiotensin II receptor antagonists include candesartan cilexetil, losartan potassium, eprosartan mesylate, valsartan, telmisartan, irbesartan, EXP-3174, L-158809, EXP-3312, olmesartan, medoxomil, Tasosartan, KT-3-671, GA-0113, RU-64276, EMD-90423, BR-9701 and the like. Angiotensin II receptor antagonists are preferably used for the treatment or prevention of hypertension and diabetic complications and are often used with diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide.
A combination with a uric acid synthesis inhibitor or a uric acid excretion promoter is suitable for the treatment or prevention of gout.

Combinations with GABA-receptor antagonists, sodium channel blockers, topiramat, protein kinase C inhibitors, advanced glycation end product inhibitors or aldose reductase inhibitors may be used for the treatment or prevention of diabetic complications it can.
The dose of the combination partner is effective from 1/5 of the normally recommended minimum dose to 1/1 of the normally recommended dose.

  Therefore, another aspect of the present invention is a compound of the present invention for producing a pharmaceutical composition suitable for the treatment or prevention of a disease or condition that is effective by inhibiting the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT Or it is related with using the pharmaceutically acceptable salt and at least 1 sort (s) of the said active ingredient in combination as a partner. These diseases or symptoms are preferably metabolic disorders, in particular one of the diseases or symptoms mentioned above, in particular diabetes or diabetic complications.

  When the compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is used together with another active ingredient, it may be used simultaneously or alternately, but it is preferably used within a short time. When these are administered simultaneously, the two active ingredients are administered together to the patient, but when the two active ingredients are administered alternately, the two ingredients are within 12 hours, especially within 6 hours. Administer to patients.

  Accordingly, another aspect of the present invention provides a compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one active ingredient as a combination partner, and optionally one or more inert carriers and And / or a pharmaceutical composition containing a diluent.

  For example, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises a compound of formula I of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, at least one angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and optionally one or more. In combination with an inert carrier and / or diluent.

The compound of the invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and the additional active ingredient used in combination may be present together in a single formulation, such as a tablet or capsule, or a so-called “kit”. In the text above and below, which may be present separately in two identical or different preparations as “kit-of-parts”, the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group is not specified in the structural formula in any case. The term “ambient temperature” is used interchangeably and is a temperature of about 20-25 ° C. The following examples are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to limit the invention. :

４-ブロモ-２-ブロモメチル１-クロロ-ベンゼン
N-ブロモサクシニミド(４.０g)をゆっくりと４-ブロモ-１-クロロ-２-ヒドロキシメチル-ベンゼン(５.０g)及びトリフェニルホスフィン(５.９g)のテトラヒドロフラン(５０mL)溶液を５℃まで冷却した。周囲温度で１時間攪拌した後、沈殿をろ取し溶媒を減圧下取り除いた。残渣をシリカゲルによるクロマトグラフで精製した(シクロヘキサン/酢酸エチル５０:１)。
収量:４.９g(理論値の７６％)
マススペクトル(EI):m/z=２８２/２８４/２８６/２８８(２Br+Cl)[M]⁺ Preparation of starting material:
Example I

4-Bromo-2-bromomethyl 1-chloro-benzene
N-bromosuccinimide (4.0 g) was slowly added to a solution of 4-bromo-1-chloro-2-hydroxymethyl-benzene (5.0 g) and triphenylphosphine (5.9 g) in tetrahydrofuran (50 mL). Cooled to ° C. After stirring for 1 hour at ambient temperature, the precipitate was collected by filtration and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane / ethyl acetate 50: 1).
Yield: 4.9 g (76% of theory)
Mass spectrum (EI): m / z = 282/284/286/288 (2Br + Cl) [M] ⁺

４-ブロモ-２-クロロメチル-１-クロロ-ベンゼン
４-ブロモ-１-クロロ-２-ヒドロキシメチル-ベンゼン(４０.０g)及び塩化チオニル(６０mL)のジクロロメタン(１５０mL)溶液を４５-５０℃で時間攪拌した。次に溶媒及び過剰の試薬を減圧下除去した。
収量:４３.２g(理論値の１００％)
マススペクトル(EI):m/z=２３８/２４０/２４２/２４４(Br+２Cl)[M]⁺ Example II

4-Bromo-2-chloromethyl-1-chloro-benzene A solution of 4-bromo-1-chloro-2-hydroxymethyl-benzene (40.0 g) and thionyl chloride (60 mL) in dichloromethane (150 mL) at 45-50 ° C. For an hour. The solvent and excess reagent were then removed under reduced pressure.
Yield: 43.2 g (100% of theory)
Mass spectrum (EI): m / z = 238/240/242/244 (Br + 2Cl) [M] ⁺

４-ブロモ-１-クロロ-２-フェノキシメチル-ベンゼン
フェノール(７.１g)及び炭酸カリウム(１１.１g)のエタノール(１００mL)混合物に４-ブロモ-２-ブロモメチル１-クロロ-ベンゼン(１９.５g)を加えた。混合物を周囲温度で一晩攪拌した。エタノールを蒸発させ、残渣に水を加えた。得られた混合物を酢酸エチルで抽出し、併せた抽出物を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を除去した。残渣をシリカゲルによるクロマトグラフで精製した(シクロヘキサン/酢酸エチル７０:３０)。
収量:１６.８g(理論値の８２％)
マススペクトル(ESI⁺):m/z=２９６/２９８/３００(Br+Cl)[M]⁺ Example III

To a mixture of 4-bromo-1-chloro-2-phenoxymethyl-benzenephenol (7.1 g) and potassium carbonate (11.1 g) in ethanol (100 mL) was added 4-bromo-2-bromomethyl 1-chloro-benzene (19. 5 g) was added. The mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. Ethanol was evaporated and water was added to the residue. The resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate, the combined extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, and the solvent was removed. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane / ethyl acetate 70:30).
Yield: 16.8 g (82% of theory)
Mass spectrum (ESI ⁺ ): m / z = 296/298/300 (Br + Cl) [M] ⁺

１-クロロ-４-(１-メトキシ-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-２-(フェノキシメチル)-ベンゼン
４-ブロモ-１-クロロ-２-フェノキシメチル-ベンゼン(１４.４０g)の乾燥テトラヒドロフラン(１２０mL)溶液を-７８℃までアルゴン環境下冷却した。n-ブチルリチウム(３３.５mLの１.７Mヘキサン溶液)を冷却した溶液にゆっくりと加えた。得られた溶液を４５分-７８℃で攪拌し、-７８℃に冷却した２,３,４,６-テトラキス-O-(トリメチルシリル)-D-グルコピラノン(２５.１０g、ca. 純度９０％)のテトラヒドロフラン(８０mL)溶液を分注用針を介して加えた。得られた溶液を１時間-７８℃で攪拌し、次に酢酸水溶液(１５０mLの１％水溶液)を加えた。室温まで温めた後、得られた反応混合物を酢酸エチルで抽出し、併せた有機抽出物を塩水で洗浄し硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。溶媒を除去した後、残渣をメタノール(９０mL)に溶解し、メタンスルホン酸(１mL)で処理した。溶液を一晩室温で攪拌し、続いてトリエチルアミンで中和した。減圧下溶媒を除去し、残渣を２５０mL酢酸エチルに溶解した。有機溶液を水及び塩水で洗浄し硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。溶媒を除去した後、粗生成物はさらに精製すること無しに還元反応を行った。
収量:１７.２０g(粗生成物)
マススペクトル(ESI⁺):m/z=４３３/４３５(Cl)[M+Na]⁺ Example IV

1-Chloro-4- (1-methoxy-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -2- (phenoxymethyl) -benzene 4-bromo-1-chloro-2-phenoxymethyl-benzene (14.40 g) in dry tetrahydrofuran (120 mL) The solution was cooled to −78 ° C. under an argon environment. n-Butyllithium (33.5 mL of 1.7 M hexane solution) was added slowly to the cooled solution. The resulting solution was stirred for 45 minutes at -78 ° C and cooled to -78 ° C, 2,3,4,6-tetrakis-O- (trimethylsilyl) -D-glucopyranone (25.10 g, ca. purity 90%) Of tetrahydrofuran (80 mL) was added via a dispensing needle. The resulting solution was stirred for 1 hour at −78 ° C. and then aqueous acetic acid (150 mL of 1% aqueous solution) was added. After warming to room temperature, the resulting reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organic extracts were washed with brine and dried over sodium sulfate. After removing the solvent, the residue was dissolved in methanol (90 mL) and treated with methanesulfonic acid (1 mL). The solution was stirred overnight at room temperature followed by neutralization with triethylamine. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in 250 mL ethyl acetate. The organic solution was washed with water and brine and dried over sodium sulfate. After removing the solvent, the crude product was subjected to a reduction reaction without further purification.
Yield: 17.20 g (crude product)
Mass spectrum (ESI ⁺ ): m / z = 433/435 (Cl) [M + Na] ⁺

１-クロロ-４-(２,３,４,６-テトラ-O-アセチル-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-２-(フェノキシメチル)-ベンゼン
１-クロロ-４-(１-メトキシ-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-２-(フェノキシメチル)-ベンゼン(１７.２０g)及びトリエチルシラン(１３.６mL)のジクロロメタン(１２０mL)及びアセトニトリル(３６０mL)溶液を-１０℃まで冷却した。続いてジエチルエーテル-三フッ化ホウ素(８.４mL)を溶液の温度が０℃未満に維持されるように滴下した。得られた溶液を氷浴中で０.５時間攪拌し室温まで暖めた。炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、得られた混合物を０.５時間攪拌した。有機層を分離し水層を酢酸エチルで抽出した。合わせた有機層を塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。溶媒を除去し、残渣をジクロロメタン(２００mL)にとった。溶液を氷浴中で冷却しピリジン(３６mL)、無水酢酸(４０mL)及び４-ジメチルアミノピリジン(０.５g)を加えた。得られた溶液を周囲温度で１時間攪拌しジクロロメタン(１００mL)で希釈した。有機溶液を２回塩酸(１mol/l水溶液)で洗浄し硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。
収量:７.３０g(理論値の３２％)
マススペクトル(ESI⁺):m/z=５６６/５６８(Cl)[M+NH₄]⁺ Example V

1-chloro-4- (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -2- (phenoxymethyl) -benzene 1-chloro-4- (1-methoxy-D A solution of -glucopyranos-1-yl) -2- (phenoxymethyl) -benzene (17.20 g) and triethylsilane (13.6 mL) in dichloromethane (120 mL) and acetonitrile (360 mL) was cooled to -10 ° C. Subsequently, diethyl ether-boron trifluoride (8.4 mL) was added dropwise so that the temperature of the solution was maintained below 0 ° C. The resulting solution was stirred in an ice bath for 0.5 hour and allowed to warm to room temperature. Aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution was added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 0.5 hour. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with brine and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent was removed and the residue was taken up in dichloromethane (200 mL). The solution was cooled in an ice bath and pyridine (36 mL), acetic anhydride (40 mL) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.5 g) were added. The resulting solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 hour and diluted with dichloromethane (100 mL). The organic solution was washed twice with hydrochloric acid (1 mol / l aqueous solution) and dried over sodium sulfate.
Yield: 7.30 g (32% of theory)
Mass spectrum (ESI ⁺ ): m / z = 566/568 (Cl) [M + NH ₄ ] ⁺

１-クロロ-４-(２,３,４,６-テトラ-O-アセチル-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-２-ブロモメチルベンゼン
１-クロロ-４-(１-メトキシ-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-２-フェニルオキシメチル-ベンゼン(６.０４g)の酢酸(２００mL)溶液に臭化水素酸(２００mL、３３％酢酸溶液)を加える。溶液を周囲温度で２時間攪拌し氷浴中で冷却する。反応混合物を冷却した飽和炭酸カリウム溶液で中和しえられた混合物を酢酸エチルで抽出した。併せた有機抽出物を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧下取り除いた。残渣を酢酸エチル/シクロヘキサン(１:３)にとり、沈殿をろ過で分離し５０℃で乾燥し純粋な生成物を得た。
収量:４.５０g(理論値の７６％)
マススペクトル(ESI⁺):m/z=５５２/５５４/５５６(Br+Cl)[M+NH₄]⁺ Example VI

1-chloro-4- (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -2-bromomethylbenzene 1-chloro-4- (1-methoxy-D-glucopyranos- Hydrobromic acid (200 mL, 33% acetic acid solution) is added to a solution of 1-yl) -2-phenyloxymethyl-benzene (6.04 g) in acetic acid (200 mL). The solution is stirred for 2 hours at ambient temperature and cooled in an ice bath. The reaction mixture was neutralized with a cooled saturated potassium carbonate solution, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was taken up in ethyl acetate / cyclohexane (1: 3) and the precipitate was separated by filtration and dried at 50 ° C. to give a pure product.
Yield: 4.50 g (76% of theory)
Mass spectrum (ESI ⁺ ): m / z = 552/554/556 (Br + Cl) [M + NH ₄ ] ⁺

２-クロロ-５-(２,３,４,６-テトラ-O-アセチル-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-ベンズアルデヒド
１-クロロ-４-(２,３,４,６-テトラ-O-アセチル-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-２-ブロモメチルベンゼン(２.０g)のアセトニトリル(２０mL)溶液にN-メチルモルホリン-N-オキシド(０,４７g)を加えた。得られた溶液を２時間周囲温度で攪拌しさらにN-メチルモルホリンe-N-オキシド(０,２０g)を加えた。一晩周囲温度で攪拌した後、減圧下溶媒を除去し残渣をシリカゲルでろ過しジクロロメタンで溶出した。
収量:１.２１g(理論値の６９％)
マススペクトル(ESI⁺):m/z=４８８/４９０(Cl)[M+NH₄]⁺ Example VII

2-Chloro-5- (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -benzaldehyde 1 -chloro-4- (2,3,4,6-tetra-O- N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (0.47 g) was added to a solution of acetyl-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -2-bromomethylbenzene (2.0 g) in acetonitrile (20 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 2 hours at ambient temperature and further N-methylmorpholine eN-oxide (0.20 g) was added. After stirring overnight at ambient temperature, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was filtered through silica gel and eluted with dichloromethane.
Yield: 1.21 g (69% of theory)
Mass spectrum (ESI ⁺ ): m / z = 488/490 (Cl) [M + NH ₄ ] ⁺

２,６-ジフルオロ-４-(４,４,５,５-テトラメチル-１,３,２-ジオキサボロラン-２-イル)アニソール
４-ブロモ-２,６-ジフルオロ-アニソール(３.０g)の乾燥ジオキサン(５０mL)溶液にアルゴン雰囲気下でビス(ピナコラート)ジボロン(５.１３g)、酢酸カリウム(３.９４g)、１,１'-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)-フェロセン(０.５５g)及び１,１'-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)-フェロセンジクロロパラジウム(II)(０.８２g)を加えた。フラスコを密封し１６時間８０℃まで加熱した。次に反応混合物を減圧下濃縮し、残渣を酢酸エチルにとった。得られた混合物を水で洗浄し、乾燥し(硫酸ナトリウム)溶媒を蒸発させた。残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製した(シクロヘキサン/酢酸エチル１:０→２:１)。
収量:０.８８g(理論値の２４％)
マススペクトル(ESI⁺):m/z=２７１[M+H]⁺ Example VIII

2,6-difluoro-4- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) anisole 4-bromo-2,6-difluoro-anisole (3.0 g) Bis (pinacolato) diboron (5.13 g), potassium acetate (3.94 g), 1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) -ferrocene (0.55 g) and 1 in dry dioxane (50 mL) solution under argon atmosphere. 1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) -ferrocenedichloropalladium (II) (0.82 g) was added. The flask was sealed and heated to 80 ° C. for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was taken up in ethyl acetate. The resulting mixture was washed with water, dried (sodium sulfate) and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (cyclohexane / ethyl acetate 1: 0 → 2: 1).
Yield: 0.88 g (24% of theory)
Mass spectrum (ESI ⁺ ): m / z = 271 [M + H] ⁺

２,６-ジフルオロ-４-メトキシ-フェニル-ボロン酸
２,６-ジフルオロ-４-(４,４,５,５-テトラメチル-１,３,２-ジオキサボロラン-２-イル)アニソール(０,８８g)のアセトン(１５mL)溶液に酢酸アンモニウム水溶液(１８mL、１mol/L水溶液)及びメタヨウ素酸ナトリウム(２.６g)を加えた。続いて溶液を周囲温度で一晩攪拌した。混合物を濃縮し、水で希釈し酢酸エチルで抽出した。併せた抽出物を乾燥し(硫酸ナトリウム)溶媒を減圧下取り除いた。残渣をシリカゲルによるクロマトグラフで精製した(シクロヘキサン/酢酸エチル１:０→１:１)。
収量:０.２７g(理論値の４４％) Example IX

2,6-Difluoro-4-methoxy-phenyl-boronic acid 2,6-difluoro-4- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl) anisole (0, 88 g) in acetone (15 mL) was added aqueous ammonium acetate (18 mL, 1 mol / L aqueous) and sodium metaiodate (2.6 g). The solution was subsequently stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The mixture was concentrated, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were dried (sodium sulfate) and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (cyclohexane / ethyl acetate 1: 0 → 1: 1).
Yield: 0.27 g (44% of theory)

１-クロロ-２-[２,３-ジフルオロ-４-メチル-フェニル)メチル]-４-(２,３,４,６-テトラ-O-アセチル-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-ベンゼン
ピリジン(０.１１g)、無水酢酸(０.１４g)及び４-ジメチルアミノピリジン(０.１０g)を１-クロロ-２-[２,３-ジフルオロ-４-メチル-フェニル)メチル]-４-(D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-ベンゼン(０.１１g)のジクロロメタン(３mL)溶液に加えた。得られた溶液を３時間周囲温度で攪拌し、ジクロロメタンで希釈した。有機溶液を塩酸(１mol/l水溶液)で２回洗浄し、乾燥し(硫酸ナトリウム)減圧下濃縮し生成物を得た。
収量:０.１５g(理論値の９７％) Example X

1-Chloro-2- [2,3-difluoro-4-methyl-phenyl) methyl] -4- (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -benzenepyridine (0.11 g), acetic anhydride (0.14 g) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.10 g) were added to 1-chloro-2- [2,3-difluoro-4-methyl-phenyl) methyl] -4- ( D-Glucopyranos-1-yl) -benzene (0.11 g) was added to a solution of dichloromethane (3 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 3 hours at ambient temperature and diluted with dichloromethane. The organic solution was washed twice with hydrochloric acid (1 mol / l aqueous solution), dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the product.
Yield: 0.15 g (97% of theory)

１-クロロ-２-[２,３-ジフルオロ-４-メチル-フェニル)メチル]-４-(D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-ベンゼン
２,３-ジフルオロ-トルエン(０,８２g)の乾燥テトラヒドロフラン(１３mL)溶液を-８０℃までアルゴン環境下冷却した。sec-ブチルリチウム(４.５５mLの１.４Mシクロヘキサン溶液)をゆっくりと冷却した溶液に加え、得られた溶液を-８０℃で２時間攪拌した。次に２-クロロ-５-(２,３,４,６-テトラ-O-アセチル-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-ベンズアルデヒド(０.３０g)のテトラヒドロフラン(３mL)溶液を加え得られた溶液をさらに-８０℃で０.５時間攪拌した。塩化アンモニウム水溶液を加えて反応を止め、室温まで温めた。得られた混合物を酢酸エチルで抽出し、併せた有機抽出物を塩水で洗浄し硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥した。溶媒を除去した後、残渣をジクロロメタン(６mL)にとり、得られた溶液を氷浴中で冷却した。トリエチルシラン(０.７mL)、次にジエチルエーテル-三フッ化ホウ素(０.３８mL)を加え、反応溶液を周囲温度で３時間攪拌した。炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え、得られた混合物を酢酸エチルで抽出した。併せた抽出物を乾燥し(硫酸ナトリウム)溶媒を減圧下取り除いた。残渣をメタノール(１０mL)に溶解し水酸化カリウム水溶液(１mL、４mol/L)で処理した。溶液を室温で３０分攪拌し塩酸(１mol/L)で中和した。メタノールを取り除いた後、残渣を炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液で希釈し、得られた混合物を酢酸エチルで抽出した。あわせた有機抽出物を乾燥させ（硫酸ナトリウム）、溶媒を蒸発させた.残渣をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーで精製した(ジクロロメタン/メタノール１:０→９:１)。
収量:０.１６g(理論値の５７％)
マススペクトル(ESI⁺):m/z=４３２/４３４(Cl)[M+NH₄]⁺ Final compound preparation:
Example 1

1-Chloro-2- [2,3-difluoro-4-methyl-phenyl) methyl] -4- (D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -benzene 2,3-difluoro-toluene (0.82 g) in dry tetrahydrofuran (13 mL) The solution was cooled to −80 ° C. under an argon environment. sec-Butyllithium (4.55 mL of a 1.4 M cyclohexane solution) was added to the slowly cooled solution and the resulting solution was stirred at −80 ° C. for 2 hours. Next, a solution obtained by adding a solution of 2-chloro-5- (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -benzaldehyde (0.30 g) in tetrahydrofuran (3 mL) was obtained. The mixture was further stirred at −80 ° C. for 0.5 hour. The reaction was stopped by adding aqueous ammonium chloride and allowed to warm to room temperature. The resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organic extracts were washed with brine and dried over sodium sulfate. After removing the solvent, the residue was taken up in dichloromethane (6 mL) and the resulting solution was cooled in an ice bath. Triethylsilane (0.7 mL) was added followed by diethyl ether-boron trifluoride (0.38 mL) and the reaction solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 hours. Aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution was added, and the resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were dried (sodium sulfate) and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in methanol (10 mL) and treated with aqueous potassium hydroxide (1 mL, 4 mol / L). The solution was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes and neutralized with hydrochloric acid (1 mol / L). After removing methanol, the residue was diluted with aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, and the resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts were dried (sodium sulfate) and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (dichloromethane / methanol 1: 0 → 9: 1).
Yield: 0.16 g (57% of theory)
Mass spectrum (ESI ⁺ ): m / z = 432/434 (Cl) [M + NH ₄ ] ⁺

マススペクトル (ESI⁺):m/z=４４６/４４８(Cl)[M+NH₄]⁺
化合物は２,３-ジフルオロ-アセトフェノンからエタノール中で濃塩酸の存在下１０％ パラジウム炭素を用いて水素化して合成した３-エチル-１,２-ジフルオロ-ベンゼンから出発して調製した。 The following compounds may be obtained analogously to Example 1:
(2) 1-Chloro-2-[(4-2,3-difluoro-ethyl-phenyl) -methyl] -4- (β-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -benzene

Mass spectrum (ESI ⁺ ): m / z = 446/448 (Cl) [M + NH ₄ ] ⁺
The compound was prepared starting from 3-ethyl-1,2-difluoro-benzene synthesized from 2,3-difluoro-acetophenone by hydrogenation in ethanol with 10% palladium on carbon in the presence of concentrated hydrochloric acid.

マススペクトル(ESI):m/z=４９６/４９８(Cl)[M]⁺
化合物を４-ブロモ-３,５-ジフルオロ-アニソール及びn-ブチルリチウムを用いて中間体２,６-ジフルオロ-４-メトキシ-フェニルリチウムをハロゲン-金属交換反応を介して生成した。すべてのその後の工程は上記のとおり行った。 (3) 1-chloro-2-[(2,6-difluoro-4-methoxy-phenyl) -methyl] -4- (β-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -benzene

Mass spectrum (ESI): m / z = 496/498 (Cl) [M] ⁺
The compound was formed using 4-bromo-3,5-difluoro-anisole and n-butyllithium to produce the intermediate 2,6-difluoro-4-methoxy-phenyllithium via a halogen-metal exchange reaction. All subsequent steps were performed as described above.

化合物は４-ブロモ-２,５-ジフルオロ-アニソール及びn-ブチルリチウムを用いて中間体２,５-ジフルオロ-４-メトキシ-フェニルリチウムをハロゲン-金属交換反応を介して生成する。すべてのその後の工程は上記のとおり行った。 (4) 1-Chloro-2-[(2,5-difluoro-4-methoxy-phenyl) -methyl] -4- (β-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -benzene

The compound uses 4-bromo-2,5-difluoro-anisole and n-butyllithium to produce the intermediate 2,5-difluoro-4-methoxy-phenyllithium via a halogen-metal exchange reaction. All subsequent steps were performed as described above.

１-クロロ-２-[(３,５-ジフルオロ-４-メトキシ-フェニル)-メチル]- ４-(β-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-ベンゼン
１-クロロ-４-(２,３,４,６-テトラ-O-アセチル-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-２-ブロモメチルベンゼン(０.３０g)、３,５-ジフルオロ-４-メトキシ-フェニルボロン酸(０,２１g)及び炭酸カリウム(０.３１g)をアセトン(３mL)及び水(１mL)中でアルゴン雰囲気下攪拌した混合物を氷浴中で冷却した。塩化パラジウム(５mg)を加え、冷却浴を取り除いた。反応混合物を周囲温度で一晩撹拌した。続いて塩水を加え得られた混合物を酢酸メチルで抽出した.併せた抽出物を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧下取り除いた。残渣をメタノール(５mL)にとり、水酸化カリウム水溶液(１mL、４mol/L)を加えた。溶液を周囲温度で０.５時間撹拌し、続いて１M塩酸で中和した。メタノールを蒸発させ、残渣を塩水で希釈し酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機抽出物を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥し、溶媒を除去した。残渣はシリカゲルでクロマトグラフした(ジクロロメタン/メタノール１:０→９:１)。
収量:０.０６g(理論値の２５％)
マススペクトル(ESI⁺):m/z=４４８/４５０(Cl)[M+NH₄]⁺ Example 5

1-chloro-2-[(3,5-difluoro-4-methoxy-phenyl) -methyl] -4- (β-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -benzene 1-chloro-4- (2,3, 4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -2-bromomethylbenzene (0.30 g), 3,5-difluoro-4-methoxy-phenylboronic acid (0.21 g) and carbonic acid A mixture of potassium (0.31 g) stirred in acetone (3 mL) and water (1 mL) under an argon atmosphere was cooled in an ice bath. Palladium chloride (5 mg) was added and the cooling bath was removed. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. Subsequently, brine was added and the resulting mixture was extracted with methyl acetate. The combined extracts were dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was taken up in methanol (5 mL) and an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (1 mL, 4 mol / L) was added. The solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 0.5 hour, followed by neutralization with 1M hydrochloric acid. Methanol was evaporated and the residue was diluted with brine and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extract was dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent was removed. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel (dichloromethane / methanol 1: 0 → 9: 1).
Yield: 0.06 g (25% of theory)
Mass spectrum (ESI ⁺ ): m / z = 448/450 (Cl) [M + NH ₄ ] ⁺

３-[２,３-ジフルオロ-４-メチル-フェニル)メチル]-１-(D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-４-メチル-ベンゼン
トルエン(３mL)をアルゴン雰囲気下、１-クロロ-２-[２,３-ジフルオロ-４-メチル-フェニル]メチル]-４-(２,３,４,６-テトラ-O-アセチル-D-グルコピラノス-１-イル)-ベンゼン(０.１５g)、メチルボロン酸(３５mg)、K₃PO₄*H₂O(０.１６g)、２-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ-２',６'-ジメトキシビフェニル(８mg)及び酢酸パラジウム(II)(２.２mg)を入れたフラスコに加えた。混合物を１１５℃で一晩攪拌し、別のメチルボロン酸(３５mg)、K₃PO₄*H₂O(０.１６g)、２-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ-２',６'-ジメトキシビフェニル(８mg)及び酢酸パラジウム（II）(２.２mg)を加えた。混合物を１１５℃でさらに１６時間攪拌し、続いて室温まで冷却した。水を加え、得られた混合物を酢酸エチルで抽出した。併せた抽出物を乾燥し(硫酸ナトリウム)溶媒を減圧下取り除いた。残渣をメタノール(４mL)に溶解し、水酸化カリウム水溶液(２mL、４mol/L)で処理した。溶液を室温で３０分攪拌し、続いて塩酸(１mol/L)で中和した。メタノールを取り除いた後、残渣を炭酸ナトリウム水溶液に溶解し、得られた混合物を酢酸エチルで抽出した。あわせた有機抽出物を乾燥させ（硫酸ナトリウム）、溶媒を蒸発させた。残渣を逆相クロマトグラフィー(YMCC１８、アセトニトリル/水)で精製し、純粋な生成物を得た。
収量:６０mg(理論値の５９％)
マススペクトル(ESI⁺):m/z=４１２[M+NH₄]⁺
下記の化合物も前記実施例及び文献から公知の他の方法と同様にして調製される。 Example 6

3- [2,3-Difluoro-4-methyl-phenyl) methyl] -1- (D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -4-methyl-benzenetoluene (3 mL) was added to 1 -chloro-2- [2,3-Difluoro-4-methyl-phenyl] methyl] -4- (2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranos-1-yl) -benzene (0.15 g), methylboron Acid (35 mg), K ₃ PO ₄ * H ₂ O (0.16 g), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2 ′, 6′-dimethoxybiphenyl (8 mg) and palladium (II) acetate (2.2 mg) were added. Added to the flask. The mixture was stirred at 115 ° C. overnight and another methylboronic acid (35 mg), K ₃ PO ₄ * H ₂ O (0.16 g), 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2 ′, 6′-dimethoxybiphenyl (8 mg) and Palladium (II) acetate (2.2 mg) was added. The mixture was stirred at 115 ° C. for a further 16 hours and subsequently cooled to room temperature. Water was added and the resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined extracts were dried (sodium sulfate) and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in methanol (4 mL) and treated with aqueous potassium hydroxide (2 mL, 4 mol / L). The solution was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes followed by neutralization with hydrochloric acid (1 mol / L). After removing methanol, the residue was dissolved in aqueous sodium carbonate and the resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts were dried (sodium sulfate) and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was purified by reverse phase chromatography (YMCC18, acetonitrile / water) to give the pure product.
Yield: 60 mg (59% of theory)
Mass spectrum (ESI ⁺ ): m / z = 412 [M + NH ₄ ] ⁺
The following compounds are also prepared analogously to other methods known from the examples and literature.

処方例をいくつか記載するが、その中の「有効成分」という言葉は１種以上の本発明の化合物（その塩も含む）を指す。前記のように１種以上の付加的有効成分との組合せの１つである場合、「有効成分」という言葉は付加的有効成分も含む。

Several formulation examples are described, in which the term “active ingredient” refers to one or more compounds of the present invention (including salts thereof). As mentioned above, when it is one of the combinations with one or more additional active ingredients, the term “active ingredient” also includes the additional active ingredients.

Example A
Tablet containing 100mg of active ingredient
Composition :
Contents in one tablet:
Active ingredient 100.0 mg
Lactose 80.0 mg
Corn starch 34.0 mg
Polyvinylpyrrolidone 4.0 mg
Magnesium stearate 2.0 mg
220.0 mg
Preparation method:
The active ingredient, lactose and starch are mixed and moistened uniformly with an aqueous solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone. The wet composition is passed through a sieve (mesh size of 2.0 mm), put in a rack-type dryer and dried at 50 ° C., then passed again through a sieve (mesh size of 1.5 mm) and a lubricant is added. The final mixture is compressed to form tablets.
Tablet mass: 220mg
Diameter: 10 mm (Two-plane type with facets on both sides, with notches on one side)

Example B
Tablets containing 150 mg of active ingredient
composition:
Internal dosage in a tablet:
Active ingredient 150.0 mg
Powdered lactose 89.0 mg
Corn starch 40.0 mg
Colloidal silica 10.0 mg
Polyvinylpyrrolidone 10.0 mg
Magnesium stearate 1.0 mg
300.0 mg
Preparation method:
The active ingredient mixed with lactose, corn starch and silica is moistened with a 20% strength aqueous solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone and passed through a sieve with a mesh size of 1.5 mm. The granulate is dried at 45 ° C. and then passed again through the same sieve and mixed with a predetermined amount of magnesium stearate. The mixture is compressed to obtain tablets.
Tablet mass: 300mg
Die: 10mm, flat

Example C
Gelatin hard capsule containing 150 mg of active ingredient
composition:
One capsule contains:
Active ingredient 150.0mg
Corn starch (dried) about 180.0mg
Lactose (powder) About 87.0mg
Magnesium stearate 3.0mg
About 42.0mg
Preparation:
The active ingredient is mixed with the excipient ingredients, passed through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.75 mm and mixed uniformly using a suitable device. The final mixture is filled into gelatin hard capsules (size 1).
Capsule filling: about 320mg
Capsule shell: Size 1, gelatin hard capsule

Example D
Suppository containing 150 mg of active ingredient
composition:
One suppository contains:
Active ingredient 150.0mg
Polyethylene glycol 1500 550.0mg
Polyethylene glycol 6000 460.0mg
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate 840.0mg
2,000.0mg
Preparation:
After melting the suppository material, the active ingredient is uniformly dispersed therein and the melt is poured into a pre-cooled mold.

Example E
Ampoule composition containing 10 mg of active ingredient:
Active ingredient 10.0mg
0.01N hydrochloric acid appropriate amount double-distilled water appropriate amount 2.0 ml
Preparation:
The active ingredient is dissolved in the required amount of 0.01N hydrochloric acid, made isotonic with sodium chloride, sterile filtered and transferred to a 2 ml ampoule.

Example F
Ampoule containing 50 mg of active ingredient
composition:
Active ingredient 50.0mg
0.01N hydrochloric acid appropriate amount double-distilled water appropriate amount 10.0ml
Preparation:
The active ingredient is dissolved in the required amount of 0.01N hydrochloric acid, made isotonic with sodium chloride, sterile filtered and transferred to a 10 ml ampoule.

Claims (17)

Glucopyranosyl-substituted difluorobenzyl-benzene derivatives of general formula I

Where
R ¹ is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, C _1-6 -alkyl, C _2-6 -alkenyl, C _2-6 -alkynyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl- C _1-3 -alkyl, hydroxy, C _1-4 -alkoxy, C _3-7 -cycloalkyloxy, C _5-7 -cycloalkenyloxy, C _1-4 -alkylsulfanyl, amino, nitro or cyano,
The alkyl-, alkenyl-, alkynyl-, cycloalkyl- and cycloalkenyl-residues mentioned above may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted by fluorine and / or monosubstituted or disubstituted with the same or different substituent L2. And in the above mentioned C _5-6 -cycloalkyl and C _5-6 -cycloalkenyl rings, one or two methylene groups are independently replaced by O, S, CO, SO or SO ₂ . And
R ² is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxy, C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkoxy, C _3-6 -cycloalkyl, C _3-6 -cycloalkyloxy or cyano, and the alkyl Or the alkoxy group may be mono- or polysubstituted by fluorine, and
R ³ is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, C _1-6 -alkyl, C _2-6 -alkynyl, C _2-6 -alkenyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl- C _1-3 -alkyl, C _5-7 -cycloalkenyl, C _5-7 -cycloalkenyl-C _1-3 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C _1-4 -alkylcarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, heteroarylcarbonyl, Aminocarbonyl, C _1-4 -alkylaminocarbonyl, di (C _1-3 -alkyl) aminocarbonyl, pyrrolidin-1-ylcarbonyl, piperidin-1-ylcarbonyl, morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl, piperazin-1-yl Carbonyl, 4- (C _1-4 -alkyl) piperazin-1-ylcarbonyl, hydroxycarbonyl, C _1-4 -alkoxycarbonyl, C _1-4 -alkylamino, di (C _1-3 -alkyl) amino, pyrrolidine -1 -yl, piperidine- - yl, morpholin-4-yl, piperazin-1-yl, 4-(C _1-4 - alkyl) piperazin-1-yl, C _1-4 - alkylcarbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino - amino, heteroarylcarbonyl amino, C _1-4 -alkylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, C _1-6 -alkoxy, C _3-7 -cycloalkyloxy, C _5-7 -cycloalkenyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, C _1-4- Alkylsulfanyl, C _1-4 -alkylsulfinyl, C _1-4 -alkylsulfonyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkylsulfanyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkylsulfinyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkylsulfonyl, C _5-7 - cycloalkenyl Nils Alpha alkenyl, C _5-7 - cycloalkyl alkenylsulfinyl, C _5-7 - cycloalkenyl sulfonyl, arylsulfanyl, arylsulfinyl, aryl Ruhoniru, heteroaryl sulfanyl, heteroaryl sulfinyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, amino, hydroxy, cyano and nitro,
The alkyl-, alkenyl-, alkynyl-, cycloalkyl- and cycloalkenyl-residues mentioned above may be monosubstituted or polysubstituted by fluorine and / or monosubstituted or disubstituted with the same or different substituent L2. And in the above mentioned C _5-6 -cycloalkyl and C _5-6 -cycloalkenyl rings, one or two methylene groups are independently replaced by O, S, CO, SO or SO ₂ . And in the N-heterocycloalkyl ring described above, one methylene group may be replaced by CO or SO ₂ , and
L1 is independently of each other fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydroxy, cyano, C _1-3 -alkyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, C _1-3 -alkoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, amino, C ₁ Selected from _-3 -alkyl-amino and di (C _1-3 -alkyl) -amino; and
L2 is independently of each other fluorine, chlorine, hydroxy, hydroxyl-C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkoxy, trifluoromethoxy, C _1-4 -alkoxy-C _1-4 -alkyl, cyano, hydroxycarbonyl , (C _1-4 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, aminocarbonyl, C _1-4 -alkyl, trifluoromethyl, amino, C _1-4 -alkyl-carbonylamino, C _1-3 -alkyl-amino and di (C Selected from _1-3 -alkyl) -amino; and
R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b and R ^7c are independently of each other hydrogen, (C _1-18 -alkyl) carbonyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyl and aryl- (C _1-3- Alkyl) -carbonyl, the aryl groups may be independently mono- or disubstituted with the same or different groups L1 independently of each other;
The aryl-group mentioned in the above group definition means a phenyl or naphthyl-group and may be substituted as defined; and unless otherwise stated, the alkyl groups mentioned above are straight-chain or branched. It ’s okay,
Tautomers, their stereoisomers or mixtures thereof, and physiologically acceptable salts thereof. R ¹ is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, C _1-4 -alkyl, C _1-4 -alkyloxy, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl or C _3-7 -cycloalkyloxy, C _5-6 -cycloalkyl The methylene group in the ring may be replaced by O, in which any alkyl and cycloalkyl ring may be mono- or polysubstituted with fluorine and / or mono- or 2 with the same or different substituent L2. The glucopyranosyl-substituted difluorobenzyl-benzene derivative according to claim 1, characterized in that it may be substituted and said L2 is as defined in claim 1. R ² is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, characterized in that it is a methyl substituted with ethoxy and 1-3 fluorine atoms, claim 1 or 2, wherein glucopyranosyl - substituted difluorobenzyl - benzene derivatives . R ³ is chlorine, bromine, iodine, C _1-4 -alkyl, C _3-7 -cycloalkyl, hydroxyl, C _1-4 -alkyloxy, C _3-7 -cycloalkyloxy, C _1-4 -alkylsulfanyl , C _{3-7 -cyclo} -alkylsulfanyl, in the C _5-6 -cycloalkyl ring, the methylene group may be replaced by O, and the optional alkyl and cycloalkyl rings may be mono-substituted or substituted with fluorine A polysubstituted and / or monosubstituted or disubstituted with the same or different substituent L2, wherein L2 is as defined in claim 1, characterized in that The glucopyranosyl-substituted difluorobenzyl-benzene derivative according to one or more of -3. R ⁶ is hydrogen, (C _1-8 -alkyl) oxy-carbonyl, C _1-8 -alkylcarbonyl or benzoyl, R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c are independently of each other hydrogen, (C _1-8- Glucopyranosyl-substituted difluorobenzyl-benzene derivative according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is alkyl) oxycarbonyl, (C _1-8 -alkyl) carbonyl or benzoyl. The glucopyranosyl-substituted difluorobenzyl-benzene derivative according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c are hydrogen.   A salt of a compound according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 with a physiologically acceptable inorganic or organic acid.   A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to one or more of claims 1-6 or a physiologically acceptable salt according to claim 7, optionally together with one or more inert carriers and / or diluents.   7. At least one of claims 1-6 for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition suitable for the treatment or prevention of diseases or conditions affected by inhibition of the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT. Use of a compound or physiologically acceptable salt according to claim 7.   8. At least one compound according to one or more of claims 1-6 or physiologically acceptable according to claim 7 for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition suitable for the treatment or prevention of one or more metabolic diseases. Possible salt use   Metabolic diseases such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes, diabetic complications, metabolic acidosis or ketosis, reactive hypoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, glucose metabolic disease, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome (metabolic syndrome), 11. Use according to claim 10, characterized in that it is selected from dyslipidemia due to different causes, atherosclerosis and related diseases, obesity, hypertension, chronic heart failure, edema and hyperuricemia.   8. At least one compound according to one or more of claims 1-6 or physiologically acceptable according to claim 7 for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting the sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter SGLT2. Possible salt use.   7. At least one compound according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for prevention of pancreatic beta cell degeneration and / or improvement and / or recovery of pancreatic beta cell function. Or use of a physiologically acceptable salt according to claim 7.   A disease resulting from abnormal accumulation of liver fat in a patient in need thereof, of at least one compound according to one or more of claims 1-6 or a physiologically acceptable salt according to claim 7 Use for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention, delay or treatment of symptoms.   Use of at least one compound according to one or more of claims 1 to 6 or a physiologically acceptable salt according to claim 7 for the preparation of diuretics and / or antihypertensives. A method for preparing a compound according to one or more of claims 1-6,
a) Compounds of general formula II

(Where
R ′ is H, C _1-4 -alkyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) carbonyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyl and aryl- (C _1-3 -alkyl) -carbonyl, The alkyl or aryl group may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen;
R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d independently of one another have one of the definitions described for the R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c group, benzyl or allyl group or R ^a R ^b R ^c Si group or ketal or acetal group, in particular an alkylidene or arylalkylidene ketal or acetal group, in each case two adjacent groups R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d are cyclic silyl ketals, ketals or acetal groups Alternatively, a 1,2-di (C _1-3 -alkoxy) -1,2-di (C _1-3 -alkyl) -ethylene bridge may be formed, while the ethylene bridge is a combination of two oxygens in the pyranose ring. Together with an atom and two accompanying carbon atoms form a substituted dioxane ring, in particular a 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-di (C _1-3 -alkoxy) -1,4-dioxane ring, and said alkyl, aryl and / or benzyl - group halogen or C _1-3 - alkoxy It may be mono- or polysubstituted, and whereas benzyl - group di - (C _1-3 --alkyl) may be substituted by an amino group; and
R ^a , R ^b and R ^{c are} each independently C _1-4 -alkyl, aryl or aryl-C _1-3 -alkyl, and the aryl or alkyl group may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen. well;
The aryl groups mentioned in the above group definitions are phenyl or naphthyl groups, in particular phenyl groups;
And in the formulas R ^{1 to} R ³ and R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c are as defined in claim 1;)
Is reacted with a reducing agent in the presence of Lewis or Bronsted acid, and any protecting groups present are cleaved simultaneously or subsequently; or
b) Compounds of general formula III

Wherein R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d and R ^{1 to} R ³ are as defined above and hereinafter, but at least one of the groups R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d is Not hydrogen)
To obtain a compound of formula I as defined in claim 1, wherein R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b and R ^7c are hydrogen and, if desired, the formula thus obtained A compound of I (wherein R ⁶ is a hydrogen atom) is converted to the corresponding acylated compound of general formula I by acylation and / or any protecting group used in the above reaction, if necessary. The compounds of formula I thus cleaved and / or optionally obtained in this way may be resolved into their stereoisomers and / or the compounds of formula I thus obtained may optionally be converted into their salts. The preparation method described above. Compounds of general formula II

(Where
R ′ is H, C _1-4 -alkyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) carbonyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyl and aryl- (C _1-3 -alkyl) -carbonyl The alkyl or aryl group may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen;
R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d independently of one another have one of the definitions described for the R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c group, benzyl or allyl group or R ^a R ^b R ^c Si group or ketal or acetal group, and in each case two adjacent groups R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d may form a cyclic silyl ketal, ketal or acetal group, or two of the pyranose ring Together with two oxygen atoms form a substituted 2,3-oxydioxane ring, in particular a 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-di (C _1-3 -alkoxy) -1,4-dioxane ring, and said alkyl, aryl And / or the benzyl-group may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or C _1-3 -alkoxy, and the benzyl-group may be substituted by a di- (C _1-3 -alkyl) amino group Well; and
R ^a , R ^b , R ^c are each independently C _1-4 -alkyl, aryl or aryl-C _1-3 -alkyl, where the alkyl or aryl group may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen;
The aryl groups mentioned in the above group definitions are phenyl or naphthyl groups, in particular phenyl groups;
And R ^{1 to} R ³ , R ⁶ , R ^7a , R ^7b , R ^7c are as defined in claim 1)
A preparation method of
Organometallic compound (V) is converted to formula IV

In the halogen-benzylbenzene compound (where Hal is Cl, Br and I and R ^{1 to} R ³ are as defined in claim 1), a metal is inserted into a halogen-metal exchange reaction or a carbon-halogen bond. Optionally followed by the general formula VI

(Wherein R ^8a , R ^8b , R ^8c , R ^8d are as defined in claim 1) may be subjected to a metal exchange reaction and the resulting adduct Reaction with water or alcohol R′—OH (R ′ may optionally be substituted with C _1-4 -alkyl) in the presence of an acid, optionally the product obtained in the reaction with water ( R ′ is H) in the next reaction using an acylating agent to produce a product of formula II where R ′ is (C _1-18 -alkyl) -carbonyl, (C _1-18 -alkyl) oxycarbonyl Is arylcarbonyl or aryl- (C _1-3 -alkyl) -carbonyl) and is substituted as defined;
Said preparation method.