JP2010274193A - Sorting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sorting apparatus that can be widely adaptable to kinds and sizes of crops and that can secure prescribed classification accuracy even with increased conveyance speed. <P>SOLUTION: The sorting apparatus includes: a conveyance mechanism (2) for conveying crops by an endless belt (11) capable of being circulated; a weight detection mechanism (3) for detecting mass of crops; an ejection mechanism (4) for ejecting crops to the side of the conveyance mechanism in accordance with detected mass; and a chute section (5) for guiding crops received in an opening formed to the same side corresponding to the ejection mechanism (4). At least one of the ejection mechanism (4) and the chute section (5) is supported by slide frames (13, 14) slidably movable in the conveying direction of the conveyance mechanism (2), wherein the receiving position of the chute section (5) is relatively changeable. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sorting apparatus that sorts harvested crops and the like by mass rank.

  As described in Patent Document 1 and the like, the sorting device includes a transport mechanism that transports crops using a circulating endless belt, a weight detection mechanism that detects the mass of the crop, and a crop transport side according to a set reference mass. 2. Description of the Related Art A sorting apparatus is known that includes a jumping mechanism that jumps in the direction and a shooter that guides a crop received in an opening formed on the side corresponding to the jumping mechanism.

  When the weight detecting mechanism under the belt of the transport mechanism detects that the set mass is exceeded while the crop is transported by the transport mechanism, the sorting device operates the corresponding jumping mechanism to move the crop to the side of the transport mechanism. It jumps out and is received by a shooter that opens to the same side to guide the crop to a predetermined boxing position.

JP 2001-198531 A JP 2008-183539 A

  However, depending on the varieties and sizes of the harvested crops to be classified, the jumping plate cannot be brought into contact with the crops properly, and the crop cannot be jumped to the opening of the corresponding shooter or jumped to another shooter. There is a problem of misselection.

  For example, even with the same type of crop, the basic size may differ depending on the variety and growth conditions (eg, L size of cultivar A ... 60-70 mm, L size of cultivar B: 80-90 mm) ) If you try to jump them out, the jumping plate will not hit the crop well due to the deviation of the timing of the jumping plate movement, and it will be jumped to another discharge shooter or left on the transport device, like this Such a problem becomes prominent particularly when the conveyance speed is increased, and this has become a bottleneck in efficiency improvement measures.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a sorting apparatus that can cope with a wide variety of crop varieties and sizes and can ensure a predetermined classification system even when the conveyance speed is increased.

  The invention which concerns on Claim 1 provides the conveyance mechanism (2) which conveys a crop by the conveyance endless belt (11) in the body frame (1a), and detects the weight of the crop conveyed by this conveyance mechanism (2). A plurality of detection mechanisms (3) are provided across the transport direction of the transport mechanism (2), and a sorting slide frame (13) that is movable along the transport direction is provided on one side of the machine body frame (1a). A jump mechanism (4) for discharging the crop from the transport mechanism (2) according to the weight of the crop detected by the weight detection mechanism (3) on the slide frame (13) in the transport direction of the transport mechanism (2). A plurality of chutes (5) for guiding the crops jumped out by the jumping mechanism (4) are opened on the left and right sides of the transport mechanism (2), and the upper part of the chute unit (5) in the transport direction. Slide the discharge slide frame (14) along The provision was sorting device according to claim.

  By providing the sorting slide frame (13) and the discharge slide frame (14), at least one of the jumping mechanism (4) or the chute part (5) can be slid along the transport direction, so that the crop discharge position Is changed to an appropriate position.

The invention according to claim 2 is a jump plate (12) that pivotally supports the jump mechanism (4) so that the crop on the transport mechanism (2) can be jumped to the side by movement, and the jump plate (12). 2. The sorting according to claim 1, wherein an outer edge guide plate (24) for guiding the crop to the chute portion (5) is formed on the outer edge portion of the rim, and the outer edge guide plate (24) is configured to be adjustable in angle. The device.
With the configuration described above, the crop is jumped to the side of the transport mechanism (2) by the movement of the jump plate (12), and the jumped crop is provided by the outer edge guide plate (24) provided on the outer edge of the jump plate (12). It can guide to a chute | shoot part (5) direction.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the jump plate (12) that moves to the jump position on the transport mechanism (2) by the detection signal of the weight detection mechanism (3) is interlocked with the movement of the jump plate (12). The sorting device according to claim 2, further comprising an interlocking member (24a) for changing the angle of the outer edge guide plate (24).
According to the above configuration, the jumping plate (12) is moved to the jumping position according to the detection signal of the weight detection mechanism (3) to jump out the crop, and the interlocking member (24a) is interlocked with the operation of the jumping plate (12). Operates to adjust the angle adjustment of the outer edge guide plate (24), so that the outer edge guide plate (24) even if the crop jumped to the jump plate (12) moves to a position different from the chute portion (5). ) Guides the crop in the direction of the shoot part (5), so that the crop can be prevented from jumping out of the shoot part (5).

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a speed detection member (21) for measuring the transport speed of the transport mechanism (2) is provided, and the sorting slide frame (13) and the discharge are arranged according to the detection result of the speed detection member (21). A slide drive device (S) comprising a slide plate (22) for sliding the slide frame (14) by a predetermined distance along the conveying direction and a slide rotating body (23) rotating in contact with the slide plate (22). The sorting apparatus according to claim 1 is configured.
With the above configuration, the slide driving device (S) that slides the sorting slide frame (13) and the discharge slide frame (14) from the slide plate (22) and the slide rotator (23) is configured. 2) Even if the speed is changed to a high speed or a low speed, it automatically jumps to an appropriate position according to the transport speed of the transport mechanism (2) according to the speed of the transport mechanism (2) detected by the speed detection member (21). The mechanism (4) and the chute (5) can be moved.

The effect of the invention described in claim 1 is that at least one of the jump mechanism (4) and the chute (5), or both, is slidable along the transport direction, so that the transport speed of the transport mechanism (2) Since the discharge position and timing of the crop can be changed according to the growth state of the crop, the crop is jumped to a different size shooter or the timing at which the jump plate (12) operates does not match. Sorting mistakes such as loss are reduced, the operator does not need to manually sort the crops, the work efficiency is improved, and the labor of the worker is reduced.
Moreover, since the crop can be moved to the chute part (5) by an appropriate jumping mechanism (4) according to conditions such as size, the crop selection accuracy is improved.
In particular, when the transport speed is increased, it is possible to make the crop discharge position more appropriate by adjusting the positions of the jumping device (4) and the chute (5), and according to the shape and mass of the crop. Therefore, the discharge position of the crop can be set to an appropriate position, and various kinds of crop sorting operations can be handled.

The effect of the invention described in claim 2 is that, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, an outer edge guide plate (24) whose angle can be adjusted is provided on the outer edge of the jump plate (12). ) Even if the timing of contact with the crop is slightly shifted, the crop is guided in the angular direction set by the outer edge guide plate (24) and moved to the chute (5), so that the crop remains in the transport mechanism (2). Work efficiency is improved.
Moreover, it can prevent that the crop in which the timing which a jumping board (12) contacts shift | deviates falls to the chute | shoot part (5) different from actual size, and a selection precision improves.

The effect of the invention described in claim 3 is that, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 2, the angle of the outer edge guide plate (24) is adjusted at any time by the operation of the interlocking member (24a) in conjunction with the operation of the jumping plate (12). Therefore, even if the crop detected by the weight detection mechanism (3) is jumped to a position different from the shoot portion (5), the outer edge guide plate (24) whose angle is adjusted receives the crop and the shoot portion (5). Therefore, the crop can be jumped to the chute part (5), so that the sorting accuracy can be improved.
Moreover, it is possible to prevent the crop that has jumped out of the predetermined fall range from being damaged by the impact of the fall, and the commercial value of the crop is improved.

  The effect of the invention described in claim 4 is that, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the slide slide frame (13) and the discharge slide frame (14) are arranged in accordance with the transport speed of the transport mechanism (2). Since it moves by (S), since the space | interval of a jumping mechanism (4) and a chute | shoot part (5) can be adjusted relatively according to the conveyance speed of a conveyance mechanism (2), the conveyance speed of a conveyance mechanism (2) is made. Even if it changes according to the quantity and kind of a crop, the crop jumped with the jumping board (12) can be reliably moved to a chute | shoot part (5), and a sorting efficiency improves and work efficiency improves.

Top view of the main part of the sorting device Side view of the sorting device of FIG. Main part plan view of belt part (a) and belt configuration diagram (b) Appearance side view of sorting device The principal part top view (a) of another structural example of a belt, and its side view (b) The principal part three-view figure (a) of another structural example of a belt, and its operation | movement top view (b) Side view (a) and perspective view (b) of the detection unit of the weight detection mechanism Main part enlarged plan view (a) and side view (b) of another configuration example of the detection unit of the weight detection mechanism Main part enlarged plan view (a) and side view (b) of still another configuration example of the detection unit of the weight detection mechanism Enlarged view of slide drive Enlarged plan view of the jump mechanism

Embodiments specifically configured based on the above technical idea will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an essential part of a sorting apparatus for multi-stage sorting, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof.
The sorting device 1 is arranged in multiple stages along a transport mechanism 2 that transports in one direction, with a sorting unit including a weight detection mechanism 3 and a jump mechanism 4 on one side and a chute unit 5 on the other side as a set. In this example, two rows are arranged in parallel and symmetrically arranged, and in this example, the shooter support frame 5a that collects and supports the chute portion 5 at the center, and the weight detection mechanisms 3 on both sides thereof are arranged. Are configured in a two-row transport format by blocks of the jump support frames 4a and 4a that support the jump mechanism 4 on the outer side of the transport mechanisms 2 and 2 that are integrally configured in a row unit.

  The left and right transport mechanisms 2 and 2 are configured by winding endless belts 11 and 11 capable of rotating in one direction to transport crops in one direction, respectively, so that the transport speeds of the left and right transport mechanisms 2 and 2 are arbitrarily set. A drive unit (not shown) that can be changed is provided. And the detection plate 3a is arrange | positioned in the weight detection mechanism 3 so that the conveyance lower surface of the endless belts 11 and 11 may be contacted, and the crop exceeding the reference | standard mass set corresponding to the classification classification rank is detected. For example, when the classification sorting rank is 5 ranks of 3L, 2L, L, M, and S, the five weight detection mechanisms 3... Are arranged in order from the largest reference mass.

  The jumping mechanism 4 pivotally supports the jumping plate 12 so that the transported material on the transporting mechanism 2 can jump to the side by the movement of the transporting mechanism 2, and the crop is moved to the side according to the detection signal of the weight detection mechanism 3. The chute unit 5 includes a drive unit (not shown) so as to be able to jump out.

  The jump support frame 4a is arranged so as to be integrally supported by arranging the jump mechanisms 4 in a row so as to correspond to the chute 5, and is configured to be slidable along the transport direction of the transport mechanism 2 by the discharge slide frame 14, The long hole fixing portion 14a for sliding operation is fixed with a fixing member such as a bolt at a required position within the range of the long hole.

  The chute part 5 opens between the two transport mechanisms 2 and 2, receives the crop pushed out from the transport mechanism 2 by the jumping mechanism 4, and guides it to a predetermined storage position. The shooter support frame 5a integrally supports the openings of all the chute portions 5 and is configured to be slidable along the transport direction of the transport mechanism 2 by the sorting slide frame 13, and is a long hole fixing portion 13a for slide operation. Thus, it is fixed with a fixing member such as a bolt at a required position within the range of the elongated hole.

The sorting operation of the sorting apparatus 1 having the above configuration will be described.
When the sorting device 1 detects an excess of the set mass by the detection plate 3a under the belt 11 of the transport mechanism 2 while the crops are transported by the transport mechanisms 2 and 2, the corresponding jumping mechanism 4 moves and moves. The crop on the mechanism 2 jumps to the side and is received by the chute 5 that opens on the opposite side of the jump mechanism 4 to guide the crop to a predetermined storage position.

  In this case, the jumping support frame 4a and the shooter support frame 5a can change the jumping position and the receiving position along the conveying direction by the sliding operation of the sorting slide frame 13 and the discharge slide frame 14, respectively. Depending on the shape, mass, transport speed, etc., by setting the appropriate relationship position by either or both of the sliding operations, the crop will be jumped to a different size shooter or the timing at which the jump plate 12 will move. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the crop from being missed and to improve the crop selection accuracy. Accordingly, various types of crops can be selected by setting the discharge position to an appropriate position according to the shape and mass of the crop.

Next, a sorting device based on slide drive control will be described.
The transport mechanism 2 by the slide drive control is provided with a speed detection member 21 such as a rotary encoder for detecting the transport speed, and as shown in the enlarged view of the slide drive device S in FIG. 10, the jump support frame 4a and the shooter support frame 5a. Each of the sorting slide frame 13 and the discharge slide frame 14 is provided with a slide drive unit composed of a rack 22 provided along the conveying direction and a pinion gear 23 rotated by a slide motor 23a. A control system that controls the slide positions of the jump mechanism 4 and the chute unit 5 according to the difference and the conveyance speeds of the left and right conveyance mechanisms 2 and 2 detected by the speed detection member 21 is configured.

  This sorting device can reproduce at any time the related positions set by the control commands of the sorting slide frame 13 and the discharge slide frame 14, and the transport speed of the transport mechanism 2 is a reference speed (for example, 1.3 m / s). On condition that the speed is high as described above, the operator can control the movement of the jump mechanism 4 and the chute 5 individually or in conjunction with the lower side of the conveyance to the corresponding position by one or both slide controls. The classification and sorting accuracy can be ensured according to various conditions without requiring the effort of fine adjustment of the slide frames 13 and 14.

  When the sliding slide frame 13 and the discharge slide frame 14 are slid, the lamp L is turned on or the buzzer B is blown for safety. When the device operation switch is set to “OFF”, the slide is made for compactness. Control to return the position.

  As shown in FIG. 11 in an enlarged plan view, the jumping plate 12 is supported by an outer edge guide plate 24 that guides the crop laterally at its outer edge so as to be set at a predetermined direction angle. Even if the timing at which 12 contacts the conveyed product is slightly deviated, it can be reliably guided to the lateral shooter opening by the direction angle of the outer edge guide plate 24, so that the sorting classification accuracy can be improved.

  The outer edge guide plate 24 may be configured to move to a predetermined angle in conjunction with the movement of the jumping plate 12 by providing an interlocking member 24a such as a wire or a rod. If the speed is higher than the standard speed (for example, 1.3 m / s), the angle will be changed automatically, and it will close when the device operation switch is turned off. Configure as follows.

(Endless belt)
Next, with respect to the endless belt 11 of the transport mechanism 2, as shown in a plan view (a) of the main portion of the belt portion in FIG. 3, a belt configuration diagram (b) and a side view (c) thereof, the surface of the basic fabric 31 is shown. A plurality of bendable plates 32 are attached to a position close to one side (weight detection mechanism 3 side), and a portion of the basic fabric 31 is bent by being made into a bandage-like stretchable fabric. The mass of the conveyed product on the possible plate 32 can be accurately measured while suppressing the influence of the belt tension.

  On the other side of the basic fabric 31, a V guide 33 is formed around the back surface to prevent the belt from meandering. This portion is made of a material having no stretchability and good flexibility, and by stretching the portion of the V guide 33, the belt can be prevented from slipping and the conveying ability can be enhanced.

  In the adjacent plate between the weight detection mechanisms 3 and 3 adjacent to each other, a drainage groove 34 having a jogo shape is formed in order to drain the water that has entered the gap of the bandage belt and prevent the belt from sticking. . A drainage basin 35 is provided at the opening of the chute portion 5 so as to communicate with the drainage groove 34 so that the water entering the drainage groove 34 does not affect the weight detection mechanism 3.

  As shown in the side view of the appearance of the sorting apparatus in FIG. 4, the drainage basin 35 avoids the equipment driving unit concentrated on the lower conveyance side, and is located on the upper conveyance side of the conveyance mechanism 2 that is the input unit in the moisture environment. By tilting so as to flow and returning the drainage to the water collection port 36 and discharging it to the drainage channel by the hose 36a, it is possible to avoid control abnormality due to water scattered during transportation without requiring drainage maintenance after work. It is possible to prevent the floor surface F under the aircraft from getting wet and to ensure a good working environment.

  Next, as another configuration example of the belt, as shown in a plan view (a) of a main part in FIG. 5 and a side view (b) thereof, the belt 41 absorbs the tension even if it is pulled to some extent and absorbs the tension. In order to suppress the influence on the surface, except for the V guide part, the vertical cross section of the rubber cloth is formed as an uneven bellows shape so that the upper and lower bendability can be secured and the tension can be canceled easily.

The driving roller 42 is configured to be uneven and mesh with the irregularities of the belt 41 and is configured to be resistant to slipping, and further provided with a counter roller 43 that ensures the meshing. The opposing roller forms an unevenness that meshes with the unevenness of the belt 41 in order to secure a grip and suppress slippage.
Further, by forming irregularities on the V guide 33 so that the V guide 33 can be expanded and contracted, the influence on the weight detection mechanism 3 can be suppressed.

  Further, since the welded portion of the belt is difficult to bend and causes erroneous detection of the weight detection mechanism 3, as another configuration example of the belt 51, a principal part three-view diagram (a) of FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the surface layer 52 and the back fabric 53 are formed of a plurality of layers, and the surface layer 52 and the back fabric 53 are provided in steps so that an overlap W is provided. The protruding portion of the backing fabric 53 of the overlap W is disposed on the opposite side in the conveying direction so that it does not get caught when the belt is operated.

  The belt 51 is not connected to the weight detection mechanism 3 side, and only the V guide 33 side is connected to prevent meandering, so that when a tensile force is applied to the belt 51, FIG. As shown in the operation plan view of the main part, the influence of the belt pulling force can be suppressed by opening the side end side. Further, in order to keep the opening of the gap G within a certain range, the rubber band 54 is bonded to the back side.

  As shown in the side view of FIG. 7A, the detection plate 61 of the weight detection mechanism 3 is gently inclined downward in the front and rear ends 61a and 61a in the conveyance direction F so that the conveyance plate is not caught. The front and rear ends 61a and 61a are arranged adjacent to each other so that the detection plate 61 does not protrude from the adjacent plate 62 by a certain amount (about 1 to 3 mm) H or more, and the front-rear direction is not inclined. Insert into the holes 63, 63 formed in the adjacent plate 62.

  In addition, in order to maintain the horizontal and predetermined height by individually adjusting the front and rear height positions, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. The included portions are configured as separate receiving portions 64 and 64, respectively, and the mounting height thereof is adjustable.

  Regarding another configuration example of the adjacent plate 71 of the weight detection mechanism 3, as shown in an enlarged plan view (a) and a side view (b) of the main part in FIG. Since the lower bar 73 of the detection plate 61 can be inserted into the end portion 72, the end portions 72 and 72 of the adjacent plate 71 move up and down in conjunction with the upper and lower sides of the detection plate 61. The error due to the tension of the sheet can be kept small.

  As still another configuration example, the belt 11 is supported by a simple band plate member 81 instead of the adjacent plate 71 as shown in an enlarged plan view (a) and a side view (b) of the main part in FIG. In addition, by adding the PVC pipes 82 and 82 to both ends of the band plate member 81, the followability of the belt can be ensured.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Airframe frame 2 Conveyance mechanism 3 Weight detection mechanism 4 Ejection mechanism 5 Chute part 11 Endless belt 13 Sorting slide frame 14 Discharge slide frame 21 Speed detection member 22 Rack (slide plate)
23 Pinion gear (slide rotating body)
24 outer edge guide plate 24a interlocking member D slide amount S slide drive device T folding base W switch

Claims (4)

  The machine body frame (1a) is provided with a transport mechanism (2) for transporting crops by the transport endless belt (11), and the weight detection mechanism (3) for detecting the weight of the crop transported by the transport mechanism (2) is transported by the transport mechanism. (2) A plurality of sorting slide frames (13) that are movable along the feeding direction are provided on the left and right sides of the machine body frame (1a), and the weights are provided on the sorting slide frames (13). A plurality of jumping mechanisms (4) for discharging the crop from the transport mechanism (2) according to the weight of the crop detected by the detection mechanism (3) are provided in the transport direction of the transport mechanism (2), and the transport mechanism (2 The chute part (5) for guiding the crop that has been jumped out by the jumping mechanism (4) is opened on the left and right other side of the chute part (5), and the discharge slide frame (14) is formed along the conveying direction above the chute part (5). Is slidably provided Sorting apparatus.   The jump mechanism (4) is supported by a jump plate (12) pivotally supported so that the crop on the transport mechanism (2) can be jumped to the side by movement, and the crop is a chute section on the outer edge of the jump plate (12). The sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sorting apparatus comprises an outer edge guide plate (24) guided to (5), and the outer edge guide plate (24) is configured to be adjustable in angle.   The outer edge guide plate (24) is moved in conjunction with the movement of the jumping plate (12) to the jumping plate (12) that moves to the jumping position on the transport mechanism (2) by the detection signal of the weight detection mechanism (3). The sorting device according to claim 2, further comprising an interlocking member (24a) for changing an angle.   A speed detection member (21) for measuring the transport speed of the transport mechanism (2) is provided, and the sorting slide frame (13) and the discharge slide frame (14) are transported according to the detection result of the speed detection member (21). The slide drive device (S) is configured to include a slide plate (22) that slides along a direction for a predetermined distance and a slide rotating body (23) that rotates in contact with the slide plate (22). The sorting apparatus according to claim 1.

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