JP2010270417A - Polyamide fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polyamide fiber capable of highly efficiently removing VOC (volatile organic compounds), smelling gases, etc., generated from a copying machine, an air-conditioner, an air cleaner, a printer, etc., having a sufficient adsorptivity even under a dark place environment, excellent in the durability of the absorptivity, excellent in processability and suitably being used as fibrous products such as a filter, etc. <P>SOLUTION: This polyamide fiber is provided by arranging a polyamide containing the fine particles of mixed material of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and alumino silicate so as to occupy at least a part of the polyamide fiber surface in the cross sectional form of a single fiber, and having 0.1 to 30 mass% content of the fine particles of the mixture in the fiber based on the mass of the fiber. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is excellent in adsorbing performance of pollutant gases such as VOC (organic volatile substances) typified by formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, toluene, xylene, etc. and malodorous components, and from air conditioners, air purifiers, printers, copiers, etc. The present invention relates to a polyamide fiber that can be suitably used for various products such as a filter capable of removing generated VOC.

  In recent years, as represented by sick house syndrome, the problem of living environment due to harmful substances of aldehydes generated from housing construction materials and furniture has become serious. In addition to homes, there is a growing interest in various bad odors in offices and vehicles, and it is used for, for example, harmful substances generated from home appliances such as copiers, air conditioners and air purifiers, and wallpaper. There is a demand for a product having an ability to reduce persistent VOCs having an aromatic ring such as toluene and xylene generated from paints and the like.

The living environment includes basic odor components, acidic odor components, neutral odor components such as aldehydes, and the like, and it is difficult to efficiently remove these odor components simultaneously.
For example, in a filter application used for home appliances and the like, various methods have been proposed to improve malodorous component gas adsorption. For example, many methods using activated carbon as an adsorbent and methods using activated carbon fibers have been proposed.

  Solid adsorbents mainly composed of activated carbon have been proposed that have been granulated or crushed and formed into a filter shape, and that a granular activated carbon carries a decomposition catalyst or the like to form a honeycomb structure filter. However, the filter using conventional activated carbon has a small adsorption capacity of formaldehyde, VOC, etc. of the activated carbon itself. For example, it was necessary to chemically modify the surface of an amine compound or the like to increase the adsorption capacity. When the capacity is exceeded, there are concerns that the adsorbed species may be re-released, the activated carbon itself is dropped, and the handling is difficult.

  In addition, a method has been proposed in which an extract from natural conifers, broad-leaved trees, or an extract from green tea is attached to the surface of the textile product by post-processing, but there is a problem in durability because it provides functions by post-processing. there were.

  Therefore, attempts have been widely made to decompose and remove organic substances by using a photocatalytic effect using a porous material having adsorption performance and a titanium oxide photocatalyst on a part of a fiber or fabric. However, the above-mentioned photocatalyst does not produce an effect unless it is exposed to the ultraviolet rays of sunlight, and since it is a surface effect on the surface of titanium, there is a great drawback that an adsorption effect at a distance cannot be obtained at all. Furthermore, the photocatalyst has a function of decomposing organic substances into carbon dioxide gas and water, but there is a problem that the fiber itself is decomposed or colored by a strong oxidizing power.

  For this reason, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose a method for fixing a photocatalyst to the surface of a fiber fabric using a crosslinkable resin or a binder resin.

  However, in this method, the photocatalyst itself is covered with the resin, and it is difficult to obtain a special effect. Also, the adsorbed material that has been coated during processing or the like falls off, resulting in a decrease in performance and an increase in the manufacturing process. There was also a problem in terms of costs associated with.

  Deodorant fibers in which an adsorbent is supported on fibers have also been proposed. For example, Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 disclose a deodorizing fiber carrying metal phthalocyanine, which includes a method of catalytically decomposing malodorous components, but the catalytic activity of metal phthalocyanine is weak, and odor The adsorption effect of the components was not sufficient.

  Further, Patent Document 5 describes deodorized fibers obtained by kneading amorphous structure zinc silicate particles composed of zinc oxide and silicon dioxide into fibers, and Patent Documents 6 and 7 disclose water-insoluble phosphorus of tetravalent metals. A deodorizing fiber in which an adsorption composition containing an acid salt and a hydroxide of a divalent metal is combined or blended in the fiber has been proposed. However, these also have an insufficient adsorption effect on odor components, and an insufficient adsorption effect on VOCs such as benzene and styrene.

JP-A-10-1879 JP 2001-254281 A JP 62-6985 JP 62-6986 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-91209 Special table hei 5-504091 JP-A-6-47276

  Polyamide fiber that can efficiently remove VOCs and odorous gases generated from copiers, air conditioners, air purifiers, printers, etc., and has sufficient adsorption performance even in a dark environment. An object of the present invention is to provide a polyamide fiber that has excellent performance durability and excellent workability and can be suitably used for various products such as filters.

The inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention as a result of studies to solve the above problems.
That is, the present invention is arranged such that in a cross-sectional shape of a single yarn, a polyamide containing fine particles of a mixture of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate occupies at least a part of the fiber surface, A gist is a polyamide fiber characterized in that the content of the mixture fine particles is 0.1 to 30% by mass with respect to the fiber mass.

The polyamide fiber of the present invention uses a mixture fine particle of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate as an adsorbent, and the polyamide containing this adsorbent is arranged so as to occupy at least a part of the fiber surface. It has a sufficient adsorption performance for VOCs generated from air conditioners, air conditioners, air purifiers, printers and the like. That is, even if the environment to be used is a dark place or a low-concentration VOC, it can be adsorbed sufficiently, and the durability of the adsorption performance is also excellent.
Moreover, the process passability in the spinning, drawing, and post-processing steps is good, and it is possible to obtain good operability.
By using the polyamide fiber of the present invention for at least a part of a woven or knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, sheet, etc., it becomes possible to obtain various products (for example, filters for air conditioners, etc.) that require VOC adsorption performance.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The polyamide fiber of the present invention uses fine particles of a mixture of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate as an adsorbent, and the polyamide containing the adsorbent occupies at least a part of the fiber surface in the cross-sectional shape of a single yarn. It has been arranged.

  That is, the polyamide fiber of the present invention may be a multifilament or a monofilament, but the polyamide containing an adsorbent in the cross-sectional shape of a single yarn (the shape of a cross-section cut perpendicularly along the fiber axis direction) is at least on the fiber surface. It occupies a part.

  The shape in which the polyamide containing the adsorbent occupies at least a part of the fiber surface is composed of only the polyamide containing the adsorbent (single component type), or the polyamide containing the adsorbent and another polymer. There is a composite type.

  In order to improve the adsorption performance in the polyamide fiber of the present invention, it is preferable that the polyamide containing the adsorbent occupies the entire fiber surface, and therefore the single component type or the polyamide containing the adsorbent is the sheath. Preferably, the core-sheath composite type occupies a portion.

  When the core-sheath composite type is used, it may be a concentric core-sheath type or an eccentric core-sheath type. In consideration of productivity, the number of cores is preferably one. However, a plurality of cores may be provided, and in the case of having a plurality of cores, the number of cores is 2 to 10. Is preferred.

  Examples of other shapes of the composite type include a side-by-side type and a multilayer type, and a shape in which a polyamide containing an adsorbent is exposed only on a part of the fiber surface.

  In the present invention, the polyamide containing the adsorbent is not particularly limited as long as it has an amide group in the molecule. For example, nylon 4, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 69, nylon 46, nylon 610 Nylon 11, Nylon 12, Nylon 6T, Nylon 9T, and polymetaxylene adipamide may be used, and these components may be copolymerized or blended.

  As long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, the above-described polyamide (both homopolymer, copolymer and blend) may be copolymerized or blended with other components. In such a case, it is preferable to contain 80 mol% or more of the above-mentioned polyamide. If it is less than 80 mol%, the excellent toughness, impact absorbability, flexibility, etc. inherent to the polyamide component tend to be lost.

  Furthermore, in the polyamide, heat stability, crystal nucleating agent, matting agent, pigment, light resistance agent, weather resistance agent, antioxidant, antibacterial agent, perfume, plasticizer, dye, surfactant, Various additives such as surface modifiers, various inorganic and organic electrolytes, fine powders, flame retardants, and fatty acid amides that increase knot strength, such as metaxylene bisstearyl amide, metaxylylene bis oleyl amide, xylene bis stearamide, Ethylene bisstearylamide, ethylenebisstearylamide, etc. can be added within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.

  In the present invention, mixed fine particles of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate are used as the adsorbent contained in such a polyamide. Such fine particles of the mixture have sufficient adsorption performance for VOC and are excellent in durability of the adsorption performance.

  The content of silicon dioxide in the fine particles of the mixture is preferably 40 to 50%, the content of zinc oxide is 10 to 20%, and the content of aluminosilicate is preferably 15 to 30%. The mixture fine particles may contain water, and the content is preferably 15% or less.

  An amine may be mixed in the mixture fine particles. Amines are effective in adsorbing aldehydes and are effective in improving VOC adsorption performance. The amine content in the fine mixture particles is preferably 0.5 to 3.0%.

  Furthermore, since the fine particles of the mixture are contained in the polyamide disposed on the fiber surface, the particle diameter is preferably 1 to 20 μm in consideration of operability during spinning, drawing and processing.

  As an adsorbent for the mixture fine particles of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate as described above, “Shoe Cleanse” KD-411 manufactured by Rasa Industrial Co., Ltd. can be used.

  The polyamide fiber of the present invention may be a single component type or a composite type as described above, but the content of the fine particles of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate in the fiber is 0 with respect to the fiber mass. 0.1 to 30% by mass, preferably 0.5 to 20% by mass, and more preferably 1.0 to 15% by mass.

  When the content of the mixture fine particles is less than 0.1% by mass with respect to the fiber mass, the VOC adsorption performance is poor, and the durability of the adsorption performance is also poor. On the other hand, when the content of the mixture fine particles exceeds 30% by mass with respect to the fiber mass, thread breakage or the like occurs during spinning, drawing, or processing, resulting in poor operability, and physical properties such as strength and elongation, and quality. It becomes inferior to.

  In order to include the fine particles of the mixture in the polyamide, a method of adding and containing the fine particles at the time of polymerization or immediately after the polymerization, and a method of using a master chip containing the fine particles of the mixture in a high concentration in the polyamide in advance. A method of adding and mixing the fine particles of the mixture to the polyamide at any stage up to the spinning process can be employed.

  As described above, the polyamide fiber of the present invention may be either a multifilament or a monofilament. In the case of a multifilament, it is preferable that the single yarn fineness is 1 to 200 dtex and the total fineness is 30 to 3000 dtex. In the case of a monofilament, it is preferably 100 to 10,000 dtex.

  Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn of the polyamide fiber of the present invention may be not only a round cross section but also an irregular cross section. In order to improve the adsorption performance, it is preferable to use a fiber having a large specific surface area. For this reason, it is preferable that the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn is irregular. For example, a polygonal shape such as a triangle or a square, a multileaf shape such as a trilobal or a quadrilateral, a T shape, a U shape, a V shape, an H shape, a Y shape, a W shape, etc. Can be mentioned. Moreover, you may have a hollow part.

Next, the method for producing the polyamide fiber (single component type) of the present invention will be described using an example. A master chip containing the mixture fine particles in a high concentration in the polyamide is produced in advance, and this is added to the polyamide at the time of spinning and mixed to perform melt spinning.
The yarn spun from the spinneret is cooled and solidified, a spinning oil agent is applied, and the film is stretched after winding or without winding. The draw ratio, the draw temperature, and the like are appropriately adjusted according to the strength, elongation, etc. of the polyamide fiber to be obtained. And it winds up with a winder.

Next, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. In addition, the measurement of the characteristic value (adsorption performance) in an Example was performed as follows.
(Benzene gas adsorption performance)
1 g of the polyamide fiber obtained as a sample was placed in a 1.5 liter Tedlar bag, and sealed with benzene gas so as to have an initial concentration of 50 ppm. After standing for 30 minutes, the residual benzene gas concentration in the Tedlar bag was measured with a detector tube, and the removal rate (%) was calculated according to the following formula.
Removal rate (%) = [(initial concentration−residual gas concentration) / initial concentration] × 100
(Styrene gas adsorption performance)
Using styrene gas instead of benzene gas, measurement was performed in the same manner as the above benzene gas adsorption performance, and the removal rate (%) of styrene gas was calculated.
The removal rates of both performances were evaluated in three stages as follows.
○: Removal rate is 90% or more Δ: Removal rate is 70% or more and less than 90% ×: Removal rate is less than 70%

Example 1
As a polyamide, nylon 6 having a relative viscosity of 2.5 (measured at a concentration of 1 g / dl and a temperature of 25 ° C. using 96% by mass sulfuric acid as a solvent) is used as fine particles of a mixture of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate. “Shukurenzu” KD-411 manufactured by Kogyo Co., Ltd. was used.
A master chip containing 20% by mass of a mixture fine particle of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate in nylon 6 was prepared, and the master chip and nylon 6 chip were supplied to an extruder type melt spinning machine. At this time, it adjusted so that content of this mixture fine particle in a fiber might be 3.0 mass%.
Then, melt spinning was performed at a spinning temperature of 265 ° C. using a spinneret having a spinning hole diameter of 0.4 mm and a hole number of 48. Spinning at a spinning speed of 613 m / min, cooling and solidifying the spun yarn, applying a spinning oil agent, winding at a speed of 2450 m / min, polyamide fiber having a total fineness of 470 dtex (single component type, round cross-sectional shape) Multifilament) was obtained.

Example 2, Comparative Examples 1-3
Polyamide fiber in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the supply amount of the master chip was changed and the content of the mixed fine particles of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate in the fiber became the value shown in Table 1. Got.

Comparative Example 4
The same as Example 1 except that the mixed fine particles of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate were used instead of the mixed fine particles of silicon dioxide and zinc oxide (“Schukklens” KD-211 manufactured by Rasa Industrial Co., Ltd.). Thus, a polyamide fiber was obtained.

  Table 1 shows the characteristic values of the polyamide fibers obtained in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

As apparent from Table 1, the polyamide fibers of Examples 1 and 2 had an appropriate amount of mixed fine particles of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate in the fibers, so both benzene adsorption performance and styrene adsorption performance were obtained. It was excellent.
On the other hand, since the polyamide fiber of Comparative Example 1 did not contain the mixed fine particles of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate, the polyamide fiber of Comparative Example 2 contained too little of the fine particles in the fiber. Since the polyamide fiber of this example contained a mixture fine particle of silicon dioxide and zinc oxide instead of the fine particle, all the fibers were inferior in benzene adsorption performance and styrene adsorption performance. In Comparative Example 3, since the content of the fine particles in the fiber was too large, yarn breakage occurred frequently during spinning and drawing, and the fiber could not be obtained.

Claims (1)

In the cross-sectional shape of the single yarn, the polyamide containing mixed fine particles of silicon dioxide, zinc oxide and aluminosilicate is arranged to occupy at least a part of the fiber surface, and the content of the mixed fine particles in the fiber is A polyamide fiber characterized by being 0.1 to 30% by mass relative to the mass of the fiber.