JP2010263884A - Method for preserving food and biological material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preserving a biological material, by which oxidation caused by preservation can sufficiently be prevented, and sufficient deduction in cell injuries can be achieved. <P>SOLUTION: The method for preserving the food or the biological material includes having a plus simultaneously applying step for simultaneously applying an alternative current and a plus direct current to the target material such as meat in a state that the target material is immersed in a liquid such as a seasoning liquid, and an alternating current-applying step for applying only an alternating current. The method for preserving the food or the biological material preferably additionally has a minus simultaneously applying step for simultaneously applying an alternating current and a minus direct current after the alternating current-applying step. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for preserving foods and living things, or a method for impregnating foods and living things with liquids such as seasonings, cosmetics, and chemicals.

  Conventionally, as a method for preserving microorganisms and animal-derived materials, an electrostatic field atmosphere is formed by applying an AC or DC voltage of 100 V to 5000 V to the electrode, and the electrostatic field atmosphere is placed at −20 ° C. to −40 ° C. A storage method has been disclosed. This is done by inactivating or inactivating the activity of microorganisms or animal-derived substances by storing them in an electrostatic field atmosphere of 100V to 5000V, preferably 100V to 3000V, of alternating current or direct current voltage. It can be stored without any problem (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Conventionally, a food storage device including a high-voltage field forming electrode connected to a high-voltage power supply in a refrigerator compartment or a freezer compartment is disclosed. This is based on the basic principle of preventing the growth of bacteria and mold. If the electric field treatment effect for that is about 5 kV / cm or more, it is effective even with alternating current, but direct current provides a greater effect. Furthermore, it is disclosed that it is more effective if an alternating current is superimposed on a direct current.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-112839 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-297777

  However, in the conventional storage method, regarding the method of applying the current voltage, the current may be either alternating current or direct current. In addition to each voltage value such as 100V, 500V, 1000V, etc., an effective voltage application method It was not specified. In addition, the above conventional storage method focuses on storing the activity of microorganisms or animal-derived materials without inactivation, inactivation, or death, in a state close to nature for a long period of time. It was. For this reason, it cannot be said that it is possible to sufficiently suppress oxidation and reduce cell damage due to storage.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following means (1) to (5). That is,
(1) The method for preserving foods and living things of the present invention is a state in which an object such as meat is immersed in a liquid such as a seasoning liquid, and a simultaneous simultaneous application process of alternating current and positive direct current is performed in this state. And an AC application step for performing an AC-only application step thereafter. In particular, it is preferable that both the DC voltage and the AC voltage are voltages that do not exceed 5000V.

  (2) Moreover, in the preservation | save method of the said foodstuff and biological body, it is preferable to comprise the negative simultaneous application process which performs the simultaneous application process of alternating current and negative direct current after the alternating current application process.

  (3) Further, in any one of the food and biological preservation methods, the negative simultaneous application step preferably has the same absolute value of the direct current potential and the alternating current potential.

  (4) Alternatively, the method for preserving food and living things of the present invention includes a negative simultaneous application step in which an object is placed on an electric application plate and a simultaneous application step of alternating current and negative direct current is performed in this state, and the negative simultaneous application step. And a positive direct current application step of applying only positive direct current during any time before and after the application step. However, the plus DC application step is not performed when the object is completely frozen.

  (5) Further, in any one of the methods for storing foods and living things, it is preferable that an electromagnet is brought close to or in contact with the application plate.

  In any of the above food and biological preservation methods, the object is sealed in a conductive packaging material, and a simultaneous application step of alternating current and negative direct current is applied to the sealed packaging material. A negative simultaneous application step to be performed, and a positive direct current application step of applying only positive direct current during any time before or after the negative simultaneous application step.

  By adopting the above-described configuration, inactivation of dissolved oxygen in the biomaterial O during storage can be achieved, and more effective suppression of oxidation and reduction of cell damage can be achieved.

It is front view structure explanatory drawing which shows the storage of Example 1 in the preservation | save method of this invention. It is front view structure explanatory drawing which shows the storage of Example 2 in the preservation | save method of this invention. It is front view structure explanatory drawing (upper figure) which shows the storage of Example 3 in the preservation | save method of this invention, and its sectional view (lower figure). It is an isometric view explanatory drawing which shows the storage of Example 4 in the preservation | save method of this invention. It is front view structure explanatory drawing which shows the storage of Example 5 in the preservation | save method of this invention. It is perspective structure explanatory drawing which shows the storage of Example 6 in the preservation | save method of this invention. It is perspective structure explanatory drawing which shows the storage of Example 7 in the preservation | save method of this invention. It is a figure which shows the data regarding the predominance of the direct-current alternating current application in the freezing of human erythrocytes of Experiment 2. FIG. It is front view structure explanatory drawing which shows the storage of Example 8 in the preservation | save method of this invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view (a) in a plan view of FIG. 9 and a plan view (b) of a conductive conveyor among them. It is explanatory drawing which shows the concept of the behavior of the water molecule of the target object in the simultaneous application process of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(About simultaneous application of DC and AC voltage)
When storing food and other biological objects, select or apply (apply) a DC voltage or an AC voltage to the object to be stored, thereby maintaining the state of the object or conversely changing it. There was found. However, instead of simply applying electricity, depending on the desired storage state or playback state after storage, only positive DC voltage, only negative DC voltage, or positive DC voltage and AC are applied simultaneously A negative DC voltage and an AC voltage are simultaneously applied, and a plurality of electric application processes are performed by a combination thereof. As for the applied voltage at that time, the magnitude of the difference in absolute value of the potential at the time of simultaneous application is appropriately determined. That is, it has been found that a desired reproduction state after storage can be achieved by selecting plus, minus, and potential and applying both at the same time and applying a plus or minus DC voltage before and after that for a predetermined time.

(About objects to be stored)
The object to be preserved is not only food such as meat, fish, vegetables, grains, various eggs, and dairy products, but also biological matter such as human or animal cells. In addition, in food processing methods and seasoning methods, chicken, pork, beef, mutton, salmon, salmon meat and other fish that can be soaked in seasoning liquid, various fish with characteristics, salmon, herring, salmon, etc. Ingredients such as egg, salmon, anglerfish, and blowfish testes.

(About how to save)
(About plant freezing and refrigeration methods)
As an effect of promoting seed growth, the seeds of the plant were frozen while being simultaneously applied, and then naturally thawed to obtain seeds after charge storage. The seeds after this charge storage were germinated faster and grew faster than normal seeds.

  In addition to the above, as an effect of detecting residual agricultural chemicals in plants, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the residual ratio of agricultural chemicals used during the growth of plants due to the passage of the storage period by preserving the plants after growth while applying them simultaneously. It was. This prevents the activation of active oxygen, thereby reliably detecting the amount and type of residual agricultural chemicals attached to fruits and vegetables. An ELISA method, a spectrophotometer, etc. can reliably measure whether or not the residual agricultural chemicals conform to the food hygiene law residual agricultural chemical reference value.

  (Enzyme Nitrogen Freezing) When a DC voltage and an AC voltage are simultaneously applied during instant cell freezing with nitrogen of a protein enzyme, a decrease in yield rate after thawing can be prevented. The protein enzyme is frozen in a nitrogen freezer. This nitrogen freezer is one in which a conductor is vacuum-deposited in advance.

(Detection of body fluids in storage and detection of residual drugs in biological specimens)
The simultaneous application of negative DC voltage and AC voltage prevents the oxidation of drug components contained in human body fluids and biological specimens. Thereby, the state at the time of storage is hold | maintained and the drug contained in a target object can be detected reliably.

(Apply plate 2)
The application plate 2 is a plate made of a conductive material, and is formed by arranging electrodes of a pair of electric wirings 3 at symmetrical positions. The electrical wiring 3 is a common wiring 3 for both direct current and alternating current, and the electrodes are also arranged to share direct current and alternating current. Thereby, by simultaneous application, a part of the AC voltage is converted into a DC voltage in a superimposed manner, and the actual value of the AC voltage (to the biomaterial O) is lower than the set value of the AC voltage. The effective value of the actual DC voltage (to the biomaterial O) is higher than the set value of the DC voltage.

  The applied voltage preferably does not exceed 5000 V for both direct current and alternating current. Furthermore, it is preferable that the set value of the AC voltage is 500 to 2500 V and the set value of the DC voltage is 200 to 1000 V. The DC voltage is preferably negative, and the set value (absolute value) of the DC voltage is preferably larger than the set value of the AC voltage.

  In addition, it is preferable for the combination of AC and DC voltage values that the AC voltage set value is about 500 to 550 V when the DC voltage set value is about 1000 V or about 3000 V.

  However, the set value referred to above and in the present invention refers to an effective value for the actual biomaterial O when a voltage is applied independently of either alternating current or direct current.

(Method of liquid impregnation of meat)
The object such as meat is immersed in a liquid such as seasoning liquid, and in this state, a simultaneous application process of alternating current and positive direct current (positive simultaneous application process) and a subsequent application process of only alternating current (alternating current application process) And the subsequent simultaneous application step of alternating current and negative direct current (negative simultaneous application step). This is a method of electrically adding water while maintaining the freshness of the object. An object can be seasoned by mixing a seasoning liquid containing soy sauce, sake, miso, etc. into the liquid. Moreover, the hardening of the target object accompanying a diameter can be prevented and a soft quality can be maintained. It can be used for seasoning processed foods such as tarako, mentaiko, how much, etc., or can be used for a method of regenerating hardened meat.

  Each of these steps has significance, and the liquid to be impregnated is absorbed into the object by decreasing each step in turn. First, in the positive simultaneous application step, the pH of the object is reduced, the cell channel is opened, and preparations for the object liquid to enter the cell are performed. Next, the object is electrically vibrated by the alternating current application process, and the liquid immersed by tamping enters the cells. Then, the negative simultaneous application step increases the pH of the object, and the cell channel is closed and the absorbed liquid is confined in the cell. Further, the negative simultaneous application step can prevent the object from being oxidized, and prevent a decrease in freshness due to subsequent storage.

  Here, the cell channel means that due to the action of an abit protein that adjusts the balance between acidity and alkalinity in the body when the living body is an object. That is, an abit protein exists in the IP3 receptor on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium in cells. This abit protein is released from the receptor when the surrounding environment of the cell becomes acidic, diffuses into the cell, and reaches the cell membrane. In the cell membrane, a pump effect that discharges ions from the inside of the cell works, and strong alkali ions are released to the outside of the cell. Thereby, there exists an effect | action which returns the acidic environment outside a cell to alkalinity. That is, in the living body, the acid-alkali adjustment (pH adjustment) in the body is automatically performed by the sodium pump effect of the cell membrane by the action of the abit protein. This pH adjustment by the sodium pump effect also works on biological matter immediately after death, such as meat, and is considered to be one of the causes of the drip outflow of biological fluid. On the other hand, by adding an electric charge to a living body immediately after death, the pH of the surrounding environment of the cell can be adjusted, and the sodium pump effect can be controlled.

<Liquid immersion method for chicken>
Specifically, for example, simultaneously with the start of freezing in an atmosphere of minus 40 ° C., a positive simultaneous application process of 30 minutes is performed by simultaneous application of α (alternating current) 1500 v and β (direct current) + 1500 v, and then α (alternating current) 1800 V Then, an alternating current application step for 1 hour is performed by applying only, followed by a negative simultaneous application step for 5 minutes by simultaneous application of α (alternating current) 1500 v and β (direct current) minus 1500 v. At this time, the positive simultaneous application step is preferably in an equipotential state in which the absolute value potentials of alternating current and direct current are the same, and the alternating current application step is preferably performed at a higher potential than the positive simultaneous application step. Further, it is preferable that the negative simultaneous application step encounters the same potential as the positive simultaneous application step and that the alternating current and direct current are in an equipotential state.

  In addition, by performing the AC application process for a long time, the immersed meat can be continuously tamped and the hard meat can be softened.

(Promoting food aging and aging control)
When storing food, a positive simultaneous application process in which AC and positive DC voltage are simultaneously applied to food to be stored, and a negative simultaneous application process in which AC and negative DC voltage are simultaneously applied are alternately predetermined By repeating the switching times a predetermined number of times, the aging degree to be stored can be controlled.

  The storage mode may be refrigerated storage, frozen storage until reaching a frozen state, constant temperature storage for performing constant temperature control, or normal temperature storage.

  Examples of the object include fruits such as oranges and apples, meat, and fermented foods before fermentation.

Specifically, α (alternating current) 1500 v in which only positive and negative are changed at the same absolute value potential as in the negative simultaneous application step by simultaneous application of α (alternating current) 1500 v and β (direct current)-1500 v, and the negative simultaneous application step. And β (direct current) plus 1500 V, which is a simultaneous application process of plus plus 1500 V, are repeated for a predetermined number of times alternately for a predetermined time.
By appropriately determining or adjusting the time of each step and the number of repetitions of the two steps, the ripening degree can be controlled as compared with normal storage while controlling the aging degree of the storage object. The time for each step is adjusted, for example, between 10 seconds and 10 minutes, and the number of repetitions of the two steps is adjusted between 6 times and 1000 times for each step. For example, if the time of each process is set to be relatively short within one minute or the number of repetitions is set to a relatively large number of 20 or more, the aging speed of the storage object is increased. Conversely, if the time for each step is made relatively long and the number of repetitions is made relatively small, the aging rate during storage of the storage object can be slowed.

(Cosmetics and treatment with cover cloth)
It is also possible to apply the above liquid impregnation method of meat to a living body such as a human body and to use it for a beauty method or a treatment method by absorption of a cosmetic liquid or a chemical liquid.
A gauze soaked with lotion is placed on a cosmetic object such as human skin. By applying a charge simultaneously applied to this gauze, penetration of the skin lotion can be promoted. That is, the moisturizing effect by the skin lotion can be promoted through the simultaneous application step and the negative direct current application step. Alternatively, as a treatment method using a bathtub-type treatment device, simultaneous application can be performed during charge treatment in a bathtub.

  In addition, the above-described liquid liquid impregnation method can also be used for a method of treatment by immersing in a therapeutic drug solution having a carbonic acid component or the like. In this case, first, as the first step, a positive simultaneous application step of 15 minutes with a positive application of 500 to 3000 V and an alternating current of 500 to 3000 V is performed. Next, as a second step, an AC application step of 15 to 30 minutes is performed only for alpha (alternating current) of 500 to 3000 V. A cell is opened by a 1st process, and a chemical | medical solution is osmose | permeated into a cell by simultaneous application by a 2nd process. And as a 3rd process, a cell is closed by the plus direct current application process which applies only 500-3000V plus direct current. The therapeutic effect by the chemical solution is obtained by sequentially performing this series of steps.

<Preservation method to prevent expansion of water molecules by magnetic field formation>
An electromagnet is brought close to or in contact with the application plate, and the expansion of water molecules contained in the object can be prevented by forming a magnetic field. By forming a magnetic field in the object to be stored, water molecules in the object can be kept small. This is because the bonding angle between two hydrogen atoms via oxygen atoms can be maintained by placing water molecules in the magnetic field. A permanent magnet may be brought close to or in contact with the application plate together with or instead of the electromagnet to generate a magnetic field.

  The close arrangement of the electromagnets may be such that the top surface of the bar-shaped electromagnet erected as shown in FIG. 1 is in contact with the back of the central portion of the application plate, and such application plates are arranged vertically as shown in FIG. It is good also as what arrange | positions symmetrically and inserts a target object in an upper and lower application board, and applies a magnetic field from the upper and lower sides. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a small cylindrical permanent magnet may be attached to the back surface at the center of the application plate, and an annular electromagnet may be suspended around the permanent magnet attachment position. Also, as shown in FIG. 4, even if the object is complemented in a conductive box, the periphery of the box is electrically wired in a coil shape, and the object is stored inside the coil using the entire storage as an electromagnet. Good.

<Moisture retention by negative DC application process>
(Meaning of negative DC application process)
In the present invention, the process of applying only a negative DC voltage to the object is referred to as a “negative DC application process”. By continuing to apply a negative potential, the H plus atom of the water molecule in the cell of the object is brought into a state of being electrically attracted. When frozen while applying energy by applying a negative potential, moisture in the air can be taken in at the time of thawing to prevent dehydration of the cells due to thawing. As a result, it is possible to obtain an object containing a large amount of moisture after freezing and thawing.

<AC application process after negative simultaneous application process>
When an alternating current application process is performed on the object being frozen after the negative simultaneous application process, foods derived from living things such as meat, seaweed and other sea creatures, and raw foods can be well frozen or refrigerated. Can do. First, in the negative simultaneous application step, the pH of the object is lowered to a reduction zone to prevent oxidation, and the cell entrance is closed to prevent the drip from flowing out. In the subsequent alternating current application step, water molecules are electrically vibrated to prevent the expansion of water molecules during freezing and stop the drip outflow. For example, when the grilled meat after cooking is stored frozen, a negative simultaneous application step by simultaneous application of α (alternating current) 1500 v and β (direct current) minus 1500 v is performed for 30 minutes, and then an alternating current application step of α (alternating current) 1500 V is performed for 30 minutes. Do. However, the time or potential of each step needs to be adjusted as appropriate according to the quality of the object. For example, generally soft ones are set to a low voltage of 1500 V or less, and each step is set to a short time of less than one hour.

(Meaning of AC voltage application process)
When an AC voltage is applied, water molecules in the object vibrate due to AC electrical stimulation that repeats plus and minus cycles, increasing the holding energy. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, oxygen atoms in water molecules are electrically attracted at the plus maximum potential in the alternating sine wave oscillation, that is, at the upper peak, and hydrogen atoms in water molecules are attracted at the minus maximum potential, that is, at the lower peak. Electrically attracted. This gives the water molecules a spin effect and keeps the volume small without expanding even with temperature changes. The water molecules in the cells of the object continue to be given a spin effect, thereby producing a tumbling effect that the object's quality is softened. At this time, if the amplification width is increased, ozone is generated, and a sterilizing and deodorizing effect is produced.

(Meaning of negative simultaneous application process)
In the present invention, the step of simultaneously applying a negative DC voltage and an AC voltage to an object is referred to as a “negative simultaneous application step”. The object cell is stimulated by plus / minus electrical vibration by the load of the AC voltage. At this time, the minus cell voltage is superimposed and loaded simultaneously, as shown in FIG. Electrical vibration is applied while the H + atoms of water molecules contained therein are attracted electrically. Thereby, it becomes possible to maintain a cell state even by a temperature change during storage. For example, when a negative simultaneous application step is performed during cryopreservation, the angle between two H plus atoms in the water molecule molecule can be maintained in the process of freezing the cell, and the destruction of the cell wall due to the expansion of the water molecule can be prevented. . Moreover, by maintaining the state of applying a negative potential energy, excessive evaporation of water molecules during thawing can be suppressed, and the water-containing state of the cells before freezing can be maintained.

(Frozen or refrigerated storage by mobile storage)
Each storage method including the alternating current application step after the negative simultaneous application step can also be performed in a mobile storage as shown in FIG. 5 includes a plurality of mobile storage containers 12 inside the refrigerator compartment 13, and each mobile storage container 12 includes a current collecting wire 32 at an upper portion thereof and always has an overhead line 31 extending over the upper portion of the storage. It shall be in electrical contact. The internal storage shelf 121 is made of a conductive plate, and stores an object there. The wheel 122 is movable. The inside of the refrigerator compartment 13 is insulated from the lower part by a sheet-like insulator 5.

(Storage in a thermostatic container)
Each storage method including the alternating current application step after the negative simultaneous application step can be performed in a thermostatic container as shown in FIG. The constant temperature container of FIG. 6 is a freezing or warming display container in which the inside of the container is maintained at a constant temperature by a constant temperature device 142 provided therein, and the display shelf 141 is provided to display an object. On the display shelf 141, the voltage application plate 2 is horizontally arranged through the insulator 5, and the object on it is displayed and stored. The voltage application plate 2 is electrically connected to an external potential control device 8 via an electrical wiring 3, and a voltage is applied while being controlled by the potential control device 8.

(Frozen storage with transport storage container)
Each storage method including the alternating current application step after the negative simultaneous application step can also be performed in a transport storage container as shown in FIG. The transport storage container of FIG. 7 divides a box-shaped application transport container 15 having a pair of handles 155 at the upper part into an upper upper storage room 154 and a lower storage room, and into the lower storage room than the room. A cold storage room with a small volume is provided, and the outside of the cold storage room is constituted by a heat insulating material 153. A small volume storage container 151 is accommodated in the cold storage room, and the cold storage agent 152 is packed outside the storage container 151 and in the cold storage room. Yes. Then, the potential control device 8 is arranged in the upper storage chamber 154, and from there, electric charge is applied to the cold storage chamber by the electric wiring 3, and the object in the storage container 151 is electrically applied via the cold storage agent 152 in the cold storage chamber. Yes.

(Frozen storage by tunnel freezer)
Each storage method including the alternating current application step after the negative simultaneous application step can also be performed by a tunnel freezer as shown in FIGS. The tunnel freezer shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is arranged so as to extend along the axis of a horizontal pillar-shaped tunnel freezer 16 that covers the side of the object from the side to the top thereof. It is comprised from the electroconductive conveyor 17 which consists of a conductor to convey. The tunnel freezer 16 covers the entire length of the conductive conveyor 17 from both sides to the top. Cold air outlets 161 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the ceiling. By blowing cold air from the cold air outlet 161 into the tunnel freezer 16, the object carried by the conductive conveyor 17 is cooled. In addition, an arch-shaped electromagnet 44 that curves from both sides to the top of the conductive conveyor 17 and surrounds in an arch shape is provided between the cold air outlets 161. Also, shutter-type shutter openings 162 are provided on the entrance / exit surfaces of the both ends of the tunnel freezer 16, and an object is supplied to or discharged from the inside and outside of the tunnel freezer 16 through an opening portion opened by a necessary size. Further, an auxiliary conveyor 18 is disposed in the vicinity of the outside of the shutter port 162 for auxiliary conveyance of the object. The conductive conveyor 17 is supported by an inverted U-shaped support leg 6 and a conveyor roller 171 horizontally disposed therebetween, and conveys an object placed in a conveyor shape. The support leg 6 is provided with an insulator 5. An application terminal 33 formed by supporting the roller 331 by free-turning with an arm 332 is disposed at the corner portions facing both ends of the conductive conveyor 7 in plan view so as to always contact the upper end of the conductive conveyor. DC voltage and / or AC voltage is continuously applied to the conveyor. The AC or DC charge is continuously applied to the arched electromagnet 44. That is, in the tunnel freezer 16, a portion including the conductive conveyor 17 is charged from the upper part of the insulator 5, and an electric field is generated on the conductive conveyor 17, and a magnetic field is generated by the arched electromagnet 44. The object is frozen in an electromagnetic field atmosphere until it is discharged from the entrance to the exit of the tunnel freezer 16.

(Meaning of plus DC application process)
In the present invention, a process of applying only a positive DC voltage to an object is referred to as a “positive DC application process”. When a positive DC voltage is applied, oxidation of the object proceeds and aging is promoted more than during normal storage. The greater the potential of the positive DC voltage, the greater this maturation promoting effect and the greater the hydration effect. Conversely, when a negative DC voltage is applied, the oxidation of the object is suppressed, and the greater the negative voltage potential, the greater the effect of this suppression. Can be played in a state close to.

(Meaning of positive simultaneous application process)
The “plus simultaneous application process” in which the plus DC application and the AC application are performed simultaneously has the following effects. That is, as described above, by applying positive DC, the object is oxidized and the ripening is promoted, and the water effect of taking in surrounding water is obtained. At the same time, by applying an alternating voltage, a spin effect and a tumbling effect are generated in the water molecules in the object and the taken-in water molecules, and the qualities are further softened in combination with the promotion of aging.

(Three-phase power supply, frequency)
As the AC power supply charge, in addition to the AC charge from the single-phase power supply shown in FIG. 10, AC charge from a three-phase power supply can be performed. Since the three-phase power supply has an electric amplitude superimposed on the single-layer power supply, it can give a large amount of electric energy even at a low potential, and can be effectively charged to prevent cell destruction. For example, in the case of alternating current from a three-phase power source, the electrical vibration can be reduced to a short vibration that is fine in time. Similarly, by shortening the frequency, the electric vibration can be increased efficiently. By adjusting the frequency by adding an inverter device, it is possible to preserve the quality of the object and control the penetration of the seasoning liquid under AC charge conditions.

(Sealed storage)
A packaging material in which the object is sealed with a packaging material of conductive film, conductive container, ceramic container, conductive glass fiber, conductive plastic fiber, conductive metal fiber, or a combination thereof, and the target object is sealed. It is also possible to store the packaging material at high temperature or normal temperature, refrigeration or freezing, vacuum or high pressure while applying electricity to the packaging material. In this case, an electric charge is directly applied to the conductive material portion of the packaging material that encloses the hermetically sealed object, so that the object in the packaging material is electrically applied for each packaging material. As the packaging material, a metal container, a metal film, a conductive resin film (conductive plastic material) having electrical conductivity, conductivity, or chargeability can be used.

For example, according to Experiments 1 and 2 below, in the sealed aluminum container, the application time with only the application of AC electricity is 30 minutes, preferably 30 to 25 minutes or less, the scent remaining rate of the applied object remains high. It has been found.
<Experiment 1> Christmas cake frozen storage (Naguni, Kochi Prefecture, Company K)
Commercial aluminum number heavy product number H80 outer diameter 550 × 370 × 80 mm Christmas cake number 1 was frozen in 30 layers, 3 layers. It is considered that the object to be frozen is time-consuming for the cold air to reach the center of the object to be frozen, ozone is generated, and the scent disappears due to the oxidizing action.
<Experiment 2> Experiment 2—Conductive plastic packaging material and conductive plastic container or conductive glass container: When a vacuum tuna is vacuum degassed with a vacuum packaging machine, the red portion turns black. This is thought to be because oxygen that was stable in the living body was activated and oxidized. This could be solved by applying electricity to the vacuum packaging machine.
・ Grip sushi and dorome (sardine fry) (Niida catering store in Kochi Prefecture)-40 ° C freezer surface resistance is 1.3 × 10 ¹⁰ ohms or less, or a material blended with a predetermined polymer substance and potassium ionomer Thus, a container made of a material having a potassium ionomer blending ratio of 19% or more is used during application freezing. General conductive sealing packaging materials and packaging materials or packaging containers that use calcium ionomers have an AC voltage of 1500 V or more: When electricity is applied for 25 minutes or 30 minutes or more, a deodorizing effect occurs, so the packaging material used is preferably AC It is preferable to apply 1500 V DC-1500 V at the same time for 25-30 minutes (negative simultaneous application step), and then apply AC for 30 minutes to freeze (minus application step). However, depending on the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerator and the physical properties of the object to be frozen, the setting of AC V and DC V or simultaneous application time and the subsequent single AC electric application time or subsequent single DC electric application time may be It is preferable to change the application balance according to the capacity of the refrigerator and the preference of the object to be frozen.

  Starch betalation (whitening) occurs when water molecules are non-uniformly separated from the cellular structure of the starchy substance that holds water molecules evenly. On the other hand, water molecules are electrically arranged in ± by alternating current electricity application, and the charged water molecules are frozen while maintaining the state that they are evenly dispersed and held in the starch by the charge they have. It will be.

  For the above reasons, in order to keep the rice quality (to keep the starch from becoming alpha and to prevent beta formation (whitening)), only alternating current is required for 20 minutes or more. This is because the application of alternating current gives an electrical amplitude and helps cluster water molecules.

  However, in the case of a sealed container, if the single application of alternating current is too long, ozone is generated in a sealed atmosphere (preservation place) and the odor disappears. In contrast, when a negative direct current is simultaneously applied by changing the alternating current application process to the negative simultaneous application step, electrons are supplied to the free radicals of the oxygen atoms in the sealed atmosphere, so that the oxygen atoms are electrically stabilized, Ozone generation can be prevented. This can be said to be an antioxidation effect by applying a negative direct current superimposed electric power. The effect of the negative DC superimposed charge is to prevent freezing burn (color burn, odor burn, moxibustion, oil blow) that occurs in general (non-charge) freezing. Therefore, the alternating current is continuously applied and the direct current is superposed in order to prevent the odor from being removed. By the negative simultaneous application process, it is possible to prevent the removal of odor while preventing the beta formation of starch.

  Moreover, the expansion of water molecules can be prevented by applying a negative direct current. It is important to keep applying direct current until complete freezing (freezing to the inside).

However, if alternating current is applied even at a temperature below the freezing point, the icing structure is destroyed by the potential amplitude. For this reason, it is necessary to stop applying electricity below the freezing point.
However, since a taste change occurs due to excessive application (over-ripening progresses), it is necessary to keep the AC application time within an appropriate range.

  Contrary to the above, when storing in an unsealed (released) state, or in the case of refrigerated storage (refrigerated storage), in order to prevent oxidation due to the generation of new unstable oxygen, it is always the same as negative direct current. It is necessary to continue application.

<Frozen cocoon freezing test>
Fresh freezing test of persimmons General freezing Persimmon is −196 ° C N2 (Chisso) freezing: Brine freezing (−50 ° C):
Even air blast refrigeration (air cooling -20 ° C to -80 ° C to -100 ° C) turns white wax and is not distributed in the market.
A freezing, thawing and cooking comparison test was performed on raw eels with different conditions.
Waxing occurs because eel oil undergoes an oxidation phenomenon and water crystals freeze while destroying the cultivation membrane.
By applying alternating current electricity (α1000V to 2000V), water molecules are refined by electric vibration and oxidation is suppressed by giving electrons to oxygen free radicals. Oxidation displacement can be suppressed.
Moisture and oil possessed by the moth itself are refined in the surface of the moth's open surface, enter the surface cells of the moth, and heat is directly applied to the body when baked, so the appearance is ginger It was baked in red than when it was baked.
-There are places where the cell entrance is open and places where it is closed.
・ When α is applied, water molecules start to become finer. Due to miniaturization and amplitude (electric vibration), biological fluid enters the cells.
・ When β- is applied, pH rises and the cell entrance is closed.
-By applying simultaneously, the biological fluid on the surface of the body is difficult to enter the cell, and almost all is retained as it is. Since the surface is protected, the browning reduction is suppressed.
3—In order to solve the above problems, it was initially found that simultaneous electrical application (α15: −β15: 20 minutes and then only α15 for 10 minutes) was preferable. Note that α10 to α20, −β10 to −20) may be applied simultaneously, and then α10 to 20 may be used.
-Ozone is generated when charged in a sealed state. For this reason, cell destruction does not occur unless -DC is applied, and the cells shrink when baked.
In the case of raw, only α, simultaneous application 1 and simultaneous application 2 shrink to 55%. Normal (non-charged) refrigeration shrinks only to 75%. Based on the fact that cells are destroyed without miniaturization.

  Furthermore, in the case of α alone, the simultaneous application 1 and the simultaneous application 2 are compared. In the case of α alone, browning is reduced. The feeling of softness is slightly reduced. On the other hand, lack of soft feeling can be suppressed by applying simultaneous application 2 (only AC for 10 minutes after simultaneous application). By applying only alternating current after the simultaneous application, cell tumbling is caused by electric amplitude, and the texture can be softened. However, in the case of raw eels, when the charge potential of alternating current alone becomes high and the application time exceeds 30 minutes to 1 hour (which varies depending on the freezing temperature range), the crunch is lost.

In addition, in the case of whole eel, it is preferable to shorten the temperature drop time and freeze it instantaneously and shock freeze.
In the case of chilling and freezing gradually in the water. A protective solution that protects the body of the eel came out and changed its taste.
It has been found that it is preferable to use a eel that has been shocked to death from a state where it is stored at a water temperature of about 15 to 20 degrees, that is, to cause the body activity of the eel and to kill and freeze in a state where exercise has been activated. . In particular, it was found that it was necessary to freeze it instantly by electric shock.

<Chicken freezing test>
As a test for confirming the effect of each application process, a chicken dipping meat was frozen under various conditions, and a drip spillage test was conducted based on a weight difference from that after natural thawing. Moreover, the difference in the color at the time of defrosting was confirmed. The chicken fillet was divided into four samples of 214 g, 308 g, 269 g, and 224 g from the first sample to the fourth sample, respectively.
(First sample: negative simultaneous application process)
In the first sample, as the basic condition A, only the negative simultaneous application process was performed during freezing. Specifically, simultaneously with the start of freezing, a negative simultaneous application process for 60 minutes by simultaneous application of α (alternating current) 1500v and β (direct current) -1500v is started, and the freezing is continued until freezing continues after the completion of the negative simultaneous application process. did. After freezing, it was naturally thawed at room temperature for 2 hours. The first sample after thawing was slightly whitened with the red color removed compared to before freezing. Further, when the weight decreased by freezing and thawing was measured, the drip outflow rate was 1.87%.
(Second sample: negative simultaneous application process and positive DC application process)
In the second sample, as the blood color generation condition A, the negative simultaneous application step and the positive direct current application step were continuously performed during freezing. Specifically, simultaneously with the start of freezing, a negative simultaneous application process for 60 minutes is performed by simultaneously applying α (alternating current) 1500 v and β (direct current)-1500 v, followed by application of positive direct current by applying direct current plus 1500 V for 5 minutes. The process was performed. It was frozen until it continued freezing after each process. After freezing, it was naturally thawed at room temperature for 2 hours. The second sample after thawing was reddish to the same extent as before freezing. Further, when the weight decreased by freezing and thawing was measured, the drip outflow ratio was 1.30%.
(Third sample: negative simultaneous application process and AC application process)
For the third sample, as a basic condition C, a negative simultaneous application step and an alternating current application step were sequentially performed during freezing. Specifically, simultaneously with the start of freezing, a negative simultaneous application process for 30 minutes by simultaneous application of α (alternating current) 1500 v and β (direct current)-1500 v is performed, followed by an alternating current application process by applying alternating current 1500 V for 15 minutes. went. It was frozen until it continued freezing after each process. After freezing, it was naturally thawed at room temperature. The third sample after thawing was colored to the same extent as before freezing. Further, when the weight decreased by freezing and thawing was measured, the drip outflow ratio was 1.57%.
(4th sample: negative simultaneous application process, alternating current application process and positive direct current application process)
The fourth sample was subjected to a negative color application process, an alternating current application process, and a positive direct current application process in order as a blood coloring process C during freezing. Specifically, simultaneously with the start of freezing, a negative simultaneous application process for 60 minutes by simultaneous application of α (alternating current) 1500 v and β (direct current)-1500 v is performed, and then an alternating current application process by applying alternating current 1500 V for 15 minutes. Subsequently, a plus DC application step was performed by applying DC plus 1500 V for 5 minutes. It was frozen until it continued freezing after each process. After freezing, it was naturally thawed at room temperature. The fourth sample after thawing had better color development than before freezing and thawing and was more reddish than before freezing. Further, when the weight decreased by freezing and thawing was measured, the drip outflow rate was 1.79%.
(Discussion)
From comparison of the observation results, it was found that the same good color development as before freezing was obtained when the alternating current application step or the positive direct current application step was performed after the negative simultaneous application step. It was also found that when the alternating current application step and the positive direct current application step were sequentially performed, better color development was obtained than before freezing.

  It was confirmed that the amount of outflow drip can be reduced to less than 1.90% simply by going through the negative simultaneous application step during freezing. In addition, it was confirmed from the comparison of the drip outflow rate that the outflow drip amount can be further reduced when the alternating current application step or the positive direct current application step is performed after the negative simultaneous application step. In particular, it was confirmed that the amount of outflow drip can be extremely reduced when the plus direct current application step is performed immediately after the minus simultaneous application step. In addition, it was confirmed that the positive simultaneous application step has an action of closing the channel of the target cell and stopping the drip outflow.

(Non-destructive preservation of cells by adjusting the balance of negative applied voltage simultaneously)
When applying the negative simultaneous application process, adjust the balance of the potential ratio between the absolute value potential of negative direct current and the alternating current potential to make the state of simultaneous charge one of equipotential, direct current advantage, or alternating current advantage. Can do. By placing the object being stored in each state, it is possible to store the object without destroying the cells of the object.

  For example, the negative simultaneous application process of α (alternating current) 1500 V and β (direct current) 1500 V can be said to be a state where the direct current voltage and the alternating current voltage are equal even in the simultaneous charge state. This state is an equipotential state. For example, in the negative simultaneous application process of α (alternating current) 2000 V and β (direct current) -3000 V, it can be said that the simultaneously applied direct current voltage is in a state more than the alternating current voltage. This state is a direct current (β) dominant state. For example, in the negative simultaneous application process of α (alternating current) 3000 V and β (direct current) −2000 V, it can be said that the simultaneously applied direct current voltage is in a state more than the alternating current voltage. This state is defined as an alternating current (α) dominant state.

  Furthermore, even in the equipotential state, the cell state of the object can be changed depending on whether the absolute potential is relatively large or small. For example, when the object is soft, it is assumed that electrical stimulation is suppressed as relatively low absolute potentials of α (alternating current) 1500 V and β (direct current) 1500 V. Further, for example, when the object is hard and the cell wall is relatively hard to break, electrical stimulation is performed with relatively high absolute potentials of negative simultaneous application steps α (alternating current) 3000 V and β (direct current) −3000 V. And maintain the state of the cells through storage.

(Vacuum (decompression) packaging with strong pulling pressure)
When vacuum packaging of raw products such as tuna, oxygen in the blood that is normally pulled by suction pressure is activated and the body becomes black. For this reason, a strong suction force cannot be applied. Therefore, simultaneous application during the vacuum process prevents oxygen activity even if suction is performed with a strong suction force, and packaging under reduced pressure can be performed with strong pulling pressure without changing the color of tuna and the like during the vacuum process.
Simultaneous application-1500 and 1500, -3000 and alternating current 2000 are performed during the vacuum process in the vacuum chamber.

(Freezing biological matter in brine)
The negative simultaneous application step can also be used for brine freezing of living things. An object immersed in an antifreeze aqueous solution such as a glycol aqueous solution in an environment of −30 to 40 ° C. is placed on an application plate and rapidly frozen while simultaneously applying minus, thereby oxidizing the storage object at the time of freezing. Can be prevented.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various combinations of elements or processes, element extraction, configuration, or partial process extraction can be performed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

(Possibility of using simultaneous application technology in the medical industry)
In addition to the above, there is a possibility of using a simultaneous application technique in the medical industry as a refrigeration technique using an electric field. As cryopreservation with voltage application, allogeneic peripheral blood cryopreservation for transfusion, autologous blood cryopreservation, bone marrow cell cryopreservation for bone marrow transplantation, cord blood cryopreservation, islet cell cryopreservation, various cultured cell cryopreservation, ES cell cryopreservation, Examples include cryopreservation of various organs for transplantation, and cryopreservation of tissue grafts such as bone, aorta, trachea, heart valve, cornea, and skin. For example, the function of the living tissue can be maintained at a high level by generating an electric field by applying a minus direct current and an alternating current in a freezer of about minus 20 degrees, and freezing and vacuum drying the living tissue in that state. It was confirmed that the activity of the enzyme after the experimental cooling of the Italian and HRP enzymes after cooling to liquid nitrogen temperature was maintained at the same level as the enzyme activity without freezing.

  Moreover, since the oxidative activity contained in the cells of the object can be suppressed and stored in the state before storage, it can be used for human body doping tests and plant pesticide tests.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container 1d Opening / closing door 10 Storage bag 11 Freezing container 12 Mobile storage container 121 Storage shelf 122 Wheel 13 Cold storage room 14 Constant temperature container 141 Display shelf 142 Constant temperature apparatus 15 Application transport container 151 Storage container 152 Coolant 153 Thermal insulation 154 Upper storage room 155 Handle 16 Tunnel freezer 160 Tunnel space 161 Cold air outlet 162 Shutter opening 163 Heat insulation plate 17 Conductive conveyor 171 Conveyor roller 18 Auxiliary conveyor 2 Voltage application plate 3 Electrical wiring 31 Overhead wire 32 Power collection wire 33 Application terminal 331 Roller 332 Arm 41 Bar-shaped electromagnet 42 annular electromagnet 43 container-shaped electromagnet 431 magnetic body container 432 coil 44 arch-shaped electromagnet 5 insulator 6 support leg 7 permanent magnet 8 potential control device O biomaterial

Claims (5)

AC application process in which an object such as meat is immersed in a liquid such as seasoning liquid, a simultaneous application process of alternating current and positive direct current is performed in this state, and an alternating current application process is performed thereafter. And a method for preserving food and biological matter. 2. The method for preserving food and biological objects according to claim 1, further comprising a simultaneous negative application step of performing a simultaneous application step of alternating current and negative direct current after the alternating current application step. 3. The method for preserving food and living organisms according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the negative simultaneous application step has the same absolute value of the DC potential and the AC potential. Place the object on the electricity application plate and in this state perform the simultaneous application process of alternating current and negative direct current, and apply only positive direct current either before or after this simultaneous negative application process The method for preserving foods and living things is characterized in that the positive DC application step is not performed when the object is completely frozen. 5. The method for preserving food and living things according to claim 4, wherein an electromagnet is brought close to or in contact with the electric application plate.

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