JP2010256719A - Transfer belt for image forming apparatus - Google Patents
Transfer belt for image forming apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2010256719A JP2010256719A JP2009108249A JP2009108249A JP2010256719A JP 2010256719 A JP2010256719 A JP 2010256719A JP 2009108249 A JP2009108249 A JP 2009108249A JP 2009108249 A JP2009108249 A JP 2009108249A JP 2010256719 A JP2010256719 A JP 2010256719A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transfer belt
- meth
- image forming
- forming apparatus
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Landscapes
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、電子写真方式の画像形成装置に用いられる中間転写ベルト、転写搬送ベルトなどの転写ベルトに関する。特に、カラープリンター、カラー複写機等における中間転写ベルトとして好適に用いられる画像形成装置用転写ベルトに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a transfer belt such as an intermediate transfer belt or a transfer conveyance belt used in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus. In particular, the present invention relates to a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus suitably used as an intermediate transfer belt in a color printer, a color copying machine, or the like.
フルカラー画像の複写やプリントが可能な電子写真方式の画像形成装置が実用化されている。これらの画像形成装置においては、感光ドラム等の静電潜像保持体表面に静電潜像が形成され、該静電潜像保持体上へトナーが供給されトナー像が形成される。中間転写方式では、このトナー像は静電潜像保持体から中間転写ベルトを介して紙等の被転写体へ転写され定着される。一方、タンデム方式では、４色の各静電潜像保持体上の各トナー像を、転写搬送ベルトで搬送されている紙等の被転写体へ順次転写され定着される。 An electrophotographic image forming apparatus capable of copying and printing full-color images has been put into practical use. In these image forming apparatuses, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface of an electrostatic latent image holding member such as a photosensitive drum, and toner is supplied onto the electrostatic latent image holding member to form a toner image. In the intermediate transfer method, the toner image is transferred from an electrostatic latent image holding member to a transfer medium such as paper via an intermediate transfer belt and fixed. On the other hand, in the tandem method, each toner image on each of the four color electrostatic latent image holding members is sequentially transferred and fixed on a transfer member such as paper transported by a transfer transport belt.
上記画像形成装置における転写ベルトは、転写性に優れていること、ベルト表面の磨耗や周長方向にクリープが生じないこと、表面が耐汚染性に優れ、トナーの離型性がよいことなどが求められている。特に、転写性、耐汚染性、離型性、耐摩耗性、耐擦傷性を有する転写ベルトを得るために、ベルト表面に各種機能を有する塗工剤を塗工することが行われている。 The transfer belt in the image forming apparatus has excellent transferability, no abrasion on the belt surface or creep in the circumferential direction, excellent surface contamination resistance, and good toner releasability. It has been demanded. In particular, in order to obtain a transfer belt having transferability, stain resistance, release property, abrasion resistance, and scratch resistance, coating agents having various functions are applied to the belt surface.
特に、中間転写ベルトは、直接に静電潜像保持体と接触して、静電潜像保持体からトナーを受け取るものであるため、静電潜像保持体との間に適切なニップ幅が得られるように、厚み方向にある程度の柔軟性を有することが望ましい。厚み方向へ柔軟性を付与した転写ベルトは、転写時のトナーの中抜けをなくする、表面粗さが大きい被転写体（例えばラフ紙）への転写性を良くする、ニップ幅が広くなるため高速化に対応できるなど、画像形成装置へ優れた性能を付与することができる。 In particular, since the intermediate transfer belt receives toner from the electrostatic latent image holding member by directly contacting the electrostatic latent image holding member, an appropriate nip width is provided between the intermediate transfer belt and the electrostatic latent image holding member. As obtained, it is desirable to have a certain degree of flexibility in the thickness direction. The transfer belt with flexibility in the thickness direction eliminates toner dropout during transfer, improves transferability to a transfer target (for example, rough paper) with a large surface roughness, and widens the nip. Excellent performance can be imparted to the image forming apparatus, such as high speed.
従来から、転写ベルトに耐汚染性、離型性、耐摩耗性、耐擦傷性を付与するために、各種機能を有する塗工剤を転写ベルト表面へ塗工することが行われている。
例えば、特許文献１には、中間転写体の表面へアクリル系塗工剤を塗工して表面層を形成することによって中間転写体表面を高硬度化することができ、その結果良好な２次転写性を有する中間転写体が得られること、塗工剤として官能基を２個以上有するアクリル系モノマー、長鎖アルキル基を有するモノマー、アクリレートオリゴマーを組み込むなどした場合は、可撓性が付与されるので長期使用末期でのクラック発生やひび割れが防止できること、塗工剤に使用するアクリル系モノマーにアルキル鎖、シリコーン鎖、ウレタン鎖などの滑り成分を組み込むことで硬度と可撓性が両立しうること、炭素数が１２以上の長鎖アルキル鎖を有するアクリル系モノマーを使用した場合には離型性やクリーニング性が付与されることが記載されている。
しかしながら、上述した構成としても、耐屈曲性に難があり、転写ベルトとして長期間使用した場合のクラック発生を防止することは困難であった。特に、転写時のトナーの中抜けをなくし、表面粗さの大きい被転写体（例えば、表面の粗い紙など）に対して良好な転写性を付与する目的で、厚み方向に柔軟性を付与（具体的には、弾性層を設ける）した転写ベルトとした場合や画像形成装置を小型化するために転写ベルトを張架するローラを小型化した場合（曲率半径が小さい場合）には、表面層のクラックの発生を防止することはますます困難であった。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, coating agents having various functions have been applied to a transfer belt surface in order to impart stain resistance, release properties, abrasion resistance, and scratch resistance to the transfer belt.
For example, in Patent Document 1, the surface of the intermediate transfer member can be made hard by applying an acrylic coating agent to the surface of the intermediate transfer member to form a surface layer, and as a result, a good secondary can be obtained. When an intermediate transfer body having transferability is obtained, or when an acrylic monomer having two or more functional groups, a monomer having a long chain alkyl group, or an acrylate oligomer is incorporated as a coating agent, flexibility is imparted. Therefore, the occurrence of cracks and cracks at the end of long-term use can be prevented, and hardness and flexibility can be achieved by incorporating slipping components such as alkyl chains, silicone chains, and urethane chains into acrylic monomers used in coating agents. In addition, it is described that when an acrylic monomer having a long alkyl chain having 12 or more carbon atoms is used, release properties and cleaning properties are imparted. .
However, even with the above-described configuration, the bending resistance is difficult, and it is difficult to prevent the occurrence of cracks when used as a transfer belt for a long time. In particular, flexibility is provided in the thickness direction for the purpose of eliminating toner dropout during transfer and imparting good transferability to a transfer target having a large surface roughness (for example, paper having a rough surface) ( Specifically, when the transfer belt is provided with an elastic layer) or when the roller for stretching the transfer belt is downsized to reduce the size of the image forming apparatus (when the radius of curvature is small), the surface layer It was increasingly difficult to prevent the occurrence of cracks.
一方、従来から引張弾性率の高い基材層と柔軟性を有する弾性層とを積層し、更にその上に各種機能を付与するための表面層を積層した基材層／弾性層／表面層からなる構成を有する画像形成装置用転写ベルトが各種提案されている。
例えば、特許文献２には、表面層として、樹脂、エラストマー、ゴム等のバインダー中に高潤滑性粉体を混合、分散させたもの、具体例としては２液混合型ポリエステルウレタン樹脂にシリコーン樹脂粉末及び導電性カーボンブラックを分散させたものをスプレーし、その後加熱硬化したものを用いることが記載されている。そして、得られた中間転写体は、表面層の水との接触角が９０°以上、すべり抵抗が８５〜１９０ｇとなり、中抜け画像がなく、耐久性が良く、しかもフィルミングの発生しない中間転写体が得られることが記載されている。
特許文献３には、表面コーティング層に、表面の摩擦抵抗及び表面粗さを低減させることができるウレタン系塗料、アクリル系塗料、アミド系塗料などを使用することで残留トナーのクリーニング性が向上することが記載されている。
特許文献４には、表面層に、例えば、ポリイミド系樹脂などを用いて表面層表面の磨耗量が１０ｍｇと以下することにより、外周面の経時的な磨耗が少なく経時安定性に優れたベルトが得られることが記載されている。
特許文献５には、表層に、フッ素ゴムなどを使用して表層の複素弾性率を２５０ＭＰａ以下とすることによって転写性が容易であって、表層の磨耗又は剥離が抑制され耐久性に優れた導電性ベルトが得られることが記載されている。
特許文献６には、表層をフッ素含有ポリマーで形成することにより、優れた離トナー性、優れた非汚染性などを有する画像形成装置用転写ベルトが記載されている。
On the other hand, from a base material layer / elastic layer / surface layer in which a base material layer having a high tensile elastic modulus and an elastic layer having flexibility are laminated and a surface layer for imparting various functions is further laminated thereon. Various transfer belts for image forming apparatuses having the above-described configuration have been proposed.
For example, in Patent Document 2, as a surface layer, a high-lubricating powder is mixed and dispersed in a binder such as resin, elastomer, or rubber. As a specific example, a silicone resin powder is mixed with a two-component mixed polyester urethane resin. In addition, it is described that a conductive carbon black dispersed is sprayed and then heat-cured. The obtained intermediate transfer member has a contact angle with water of the surface layer of 90 ° or more, a slip resistance of 85 to 190 g, no intermediate image, good durability, and no filming. It is described that a body is obtained.
In Patent Document 3, the cleaning property of residual toner is improved by using, for the surface coating layer, a urethane-based paint, an acrylic paint, an amide-type paint, or the like that can reduce surface frictional resistance and surface roughness. It is described.
In Patent Document 4, for example, a surface layer is made of, for example, a polyimide resin, and the surface layer surface wear amount is 10 mg or less. It is described that it is obtained.
In Patent Document 5, the surface layer has a complex elastic modulus of 250 MPa or less by using fluorine rubber or the like, whereby transferability is easy, wear or peeling of the surface layer is suppressed, and conductivity is excellent in durability. It is described that a sex belt can be obtained.
Patent Document 6 describes a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus that has excellent toner separation property, excellent non-contamination property, and the like by forming a surface layer with a fluorine-containing polymer.
しかしながら、重合性を有するアクリル系モノマーからなる塗工剤が一般に多用されているにもかかわらず、上記特許文献２〜６からも明らかなように、弾性層を有する転写ベルトの表面層として、アクリル系モノマーからなる塗工剤を適用することは未だ提案されていなかった。 However, in spite of the fact that a coating agent composed of a polymerizable acrylic monomer is widely used, as is apparent from Patent Documents 2 to 6, an acrylic layer is used as a surface layer of a transfer belt having an elastic layer. It has not yet been proposed to apply a coating agent composed of a monomer.
本発明は上述の問題に鑑みなされたものであり、電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤の特性を発揮するとともに、電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を使用した場合の欠点であった耐屈曲性が改善された画像形成装置用転写ベルトを提供すること、特に、柔軟性を有する弾性層を設けた基材層／弾性層／表面層からなる構成の転写ベルトとした場合でも十分な耐屈曲性を有する画像形成装置用転写ベルトを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, exhibits the characteristics of an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent, and has been a disadvantage when using an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent. To provide a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus with improved properties, in particular, sufficient bending resistance even when a transfer belt comprising a base layer / elastic layer / surface layer provided with a flexible elastic layer is provided. It is an object of the present invention to provide a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus having a property.
すなわち、本発明は、
（１）電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を塗布、硬化させてなる表面層を有する画像形成装置用転写ベルトであって、該電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤中の重合性アクリル系化合物の主成分が下記条件を満足するウレタン（メタ）アクリレートであることを特徴とする画像形成装置用転写ベルト；
（ａ）分子量：６，０００以上
（ｂ）（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量：８５０〜７，５００
但し、（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量＝分子量／分子中の（メタ）アクリル基の数
（２）前記ウレタン（メタ）アクリレートが分子中に（メタ）アクリル基を３個以上含有するものであることを特徴とする（１）記載の画像形成装置用転写ベルト；
（３）重合性アクリル系化合物中の前記ウレタン（メタ）アクリレートの含有量が７０重量％以上であることを特徴とする（１）乃至（２）記載の画像形成装置用転写ベルト；
（４）画像形成装置用転写ベルトが基材層、弾性層、表面層の構成を有するものであって、前記弾性層がショアＡ硬度８０以下の熱可塑性エラストマーからなることを特徴とする（１）乃至（３）記載の画像形成装置用転写ベルト；
（５）（４）記載の基材層の引張弾性率が７００ＭＰａ以上であることを特徴とする画像形成装置用転写ベルト；
を要旨とするものである。
That is, the present invention
(1) A transfer belt for an image forming apparatus having a surface layer formed by applying and curing an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent, wherein the polymerizable acrylic compound in the ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent A transfer belt for an image forming apparatus, wherein the main component is urethane (meth) acrylate satisfying the following conditions;
(A) Molecular weight: 6,000 or more (b) Molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group: 850 to 7,500
However, molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group = molecular weight / number of (meth) acrylic groups in the molecule (2) The urethane (meth) acrylate contains 3 or more (meth) acrylic groups in the molecule (1) The transfer belt for an image forming apparatus according to (1),
(3) The transfer belt for an image forming apparatus according to (1) or (2), wherein the content of the urethane (meth) acrylate in the polymerizable acrylic compound is 70% by weight or more;
(4) The transfer belt for an image forming apparatus has a structure of a base material layer, an elastic layer, and a surface layer, and the elastic layer is made of a thermoplastic elastomer having a Shore A hardness of 80 or less (1) ) To (3), a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus;
(5) The transfer belt for an image forming apparatus, wherein the base material layer according to (4) has a tensile elastic modulus of 700 MPa or more;
Is a summary.
本発明の画像形成装置用転写ベルトは、耐屈曲性が優れているので、長期間使用が可能であり、また大量に印刷しても表面にワレやクラックが起こらないという特徴を有している。特に、表面の粗い紙などに対して良好な転写性を付与し、また、画像の中抜けを防止する目的で、転写ベルト中に弾性層を設けた場合や小径ロールに架張した場合であっても表面にワレやクラックが起こらないという優れた耐屈曲性を有している。更に、アクリル系塗工剤を使用するので、添加剤、充填材の配合、分散が容易であり、プリンター等の画像形成装置に要求される滑り性、撥水性、トナーの離型性などの機能も容易に付与することができる。したがって、特に画像のカラー化や高画質化、高速化、紙対応性などが求められるカラープリンター用の中間転写ベルトとして好適に用いることができる。 The transfer belt for an image forming apparatus according to the present invention is excellent in bending resistance, and thus can be used for a long period of time, and has a feature that cracks and cracks do not occur on the surface even when printed in large quantities. . This is particularly the case when an elastic layer is provided in the transfer belt or stretched on a small-diameter roll for the purpose of imparting good transferability to paper with a rough surface, etc. However, it has excellent bending resistance that cracks and cracks do not occur on the surface. In addition, since an acrylic coating agent is used, additives and fillers can be easily blended and dispersed, and functions such as slipperiness, water repellency, and toner releasability required for image forming apparatuses such as printers. Can also be easily applied. Therefore, it can be suitably used as an intermediate transfer belt for a color printer that is particularly required to have a color image, high image quality, high speed, paper compatibility and the like.
以下、本発明を実施するための形態について詳細に説明する。
本発明の画像形成装置用転写ベルトは、表面層が特定の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を塗布、硬化させたものであり、通常、基材層、或いは基材層と弾性層からなる積層体の表面に表面層を形成させた構造を有するものである。
本発明において表面層を形成するために使用される前記電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤は、紫外線、可視光線、電子線などの電離放射線を照射することにより硬化し得るものであって、重合性アクリル系化合物と、必要に応じて光重合開始剤、溶剤、充填材、或いは表面層に各種機能を付与するための添加剤を成分とするものである。そして、本発明においては、電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤の基本的構成成分である重合性アクリル化合物の主成分が下記条件を満たすウレタン（メタ）アクリレートであることを最大の特徴とするものである。ここで、本明細書において、ウレタン（メタ）アクリレートとは、ウレタンアクリレートあるいはウレタンメタアクリレートのことを意味する。
（ａ）分子量：６，０００以上
（ｂ）（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量：８５０〜７，５００
但し、（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量＝分子量／分子中の（メタ）アクリル基の数
Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail.
The transfer belt for an image forming apparatus of the present invention has a surface layer coated and cured with a specific ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent, and usually comprises a base material layer or a base material layer and an elastic layer. It has a structure in which a surface layer is formed on the surface of the laminate.
The ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent used for forming the surface layer in the present invention can be cured by irradiating with ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays, visible rays, electron beams, and the like. The composition contains a functional acrylic compound and, if necessary, a photopolymerization initiator, a solvent, a filler, or an additive for imparting various functions to the surface layer. In the present invention, the main feature is that the main component of the polymerizable acrylic compound, which is a basic component of the ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent, is urethane (meth) acrylate satisfying the following conditions: It is. Here, in this specification, urethane (meth) acrylate means urethane acrylate or urethane methacrylate.
(A) Molecular weight: 6,000 or more (b) Molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group: 850 to 7,500
However, molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group = molecular weight / number of (meth) acrylic groups in the molecule
本発明でいうウレタン（メタ）アクリレートとは、ポリイソシアネートと、短鎖及び長鎖のポリオール、及びヒドロキシ（メタ）アクリレートなどの水酸基含有（メタ）アクリレートとを反応させて得られる分子中にアクリル基とウレタン結合を有する化合物である。 The urethane (meth) acrylate referred to in the present invention is an acrylic group in a molecule obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate, a short-chain and long-chain polyol, and a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate such as hydroxy (meth) acrylate. And a compound having a urethane bond.
ポリイソシアネートとしては、トルイレンジイソシアネート、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、水添ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、イソフォロンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、キシリレンジイソシアネート、水添キシリレンジイソシアネートなどが挙げられる。 Examples of the polyisocyanate include toluylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, and hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate.
また、短鎖のポリオールとしては、グリセリン、ペンタエリスリトール、１，３−ブタンジオール、１，４−ブタンジオール、１，６−ヘキサンジール、ネオペンチルグリコール、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコールなどが挙げられる。また、長鎖のポリオールとしてはポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、ポリカプロラクトンジオール、ポリカーボネートジオール、或いは短鎖ジオールと、コハク酸、アジピン酸などのジカルボン酸との反応で得られるポリエステルポリオールなどが挙げられる。 Short chain polyols include glycerin, pentaerythritol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol. Etc. In addition, examples of long-chain polyols include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, polycaprolactone diol, polycarbonate diol, or polyester polyols obtained by reacting short-chain diols with dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid and adipic acid. Is mentioned.
水酸基含有（メタ）アクリレートとしては、ヒドロキシエチル（メタ）アクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピル（メタ）アクリレート、ヒドロキシブチル（メタ）アクリレートなどが挙げられる。 Examples of the hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate include hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, and hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate.
本発明においては、分子量が６，０００以上、好ましく１０，０００以上で、且つ（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量が８５０〜７，５００、好ましくは１，０００〜５，０００の条件を満たすウレタン（メタ）アクリレートを重合性アクリル系化合物中に主成分として、好ましくは７０重量％以上、より好ましくは８０重量％以上配合する。
このウレタン（メタ）アクリレートの分子量が６，０００未満の場合は、転写ベルトの耐屈曲性が劣るために好ましくない。また、（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量が８５０未満の場合は、表面層を形成する硬化物の架橋密度が高くなり過ぎるため表面層の強度が大きくなるものの耐屈曲性が低下するので好ましくない。逆に、（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量が７，５００を超えると架橋密度が低くなり表面層の強度が小さくなるので好ましくなく、さらに印刷適性（転写性能、トナー離型性）も悪くなるので好ましくない。
In the present invention, the molecular weight is 6,000 or more, preferably 10,000 or more, and the molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group is 850 to 7,500, preferably 1,000 to 5,000. As a main component, urethane (meth) acrylate is preferably added in an amount of 70% by weight or more, more preferably 80% by weight or more in the polymerizable acrylic compound.
When the molecular weight of the urethane (meth) acrylate is less than 6,000, the transfer belt is inferior in bending resistance, which is not preferable. Moreover, when the molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group is less than 850, the cross-linking density of the cured product forming the surface layer becomes too high, so that the strength of the surface layer is increased, but the bending resistance is reduced, which is preferable. Absent. On the other hand, if the molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group exceeds 7,500, the crosslink density is low and the strength of the surface layer is low, which is not preferable, and the printability (transfer performance, toner releasability) is also poor. This is not preferable.
さらに、上記条件を満たすウレタン（メタ）アクリレートが、分子中に（メタ）アクリル基を３個以上有するものであることが好ましい。（メタ）アクリル基を３個以上有するウレタン（メタ）アクリレートは架橋構造をとる確率が極めて大きく、表面層の強度が大きくなると共に柔軟性も付与できるのでより好ましい。 Furthermore, it is preferable that the urethane (meth) acrylate satisfying the above conditions has three or more (meth) acryl groups in the molecule. Urethane (meth) acrylates having 3 or more (meth) acrylic groups are more preferable because they have a very high probability of taking a crosslinked structure, increase the strength of the surface layer and impart flexibility.
本発明においては、上述したウレタン（メタ）アクリレート以外の他の重合性アクリル系化合物を併用することができる。
他の重合性アクリル系化合物としては、上述したウレタン（メタ）アクリレート以外のウレタン（メタ）アクリレートの他、ブタンジオール（メタ）アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ（メタ）アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ（メタ）アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ（メタ）アクリレート、トリス(アクリロキシエチル)イソシアヌレート、或いはポリエステル（メタ）アクリレート、エポキシ（メタ）アクリレート等が挙げられる。
これらの中で、特に、分子量が６，０００以上で、且つ（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量が８５０〜７，５００の条件を満たすウレタン（メタ）アクリレート以外のウレタン（メタ）アクリレートであって、分子量６，０００未満であって、（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量が８５０未満のウレタン（メタ）アクリレートを併用するのが好ましい。
In the present invention, other polymerizable acrylic compounds other than the urethane (meth) acrylate described above can be used in combination.
As other polymerizable acrylic compounds, in addition to urethane (meth) acrylates described above, butanediol (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, Dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, tris (acryloxyethyl) isocyanurate, polyester (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, etc. Can be mentioned.
Among these, in particular, urethane (meth) acrylates other than urethane (meth) acrylate having a molecular weight of 6,000 or more and a molecular weight per (meth) acryl group of 850 to 7,500 are satisfied. In addition, it is preferable to use urethane (meth) acrylate having a molecular weight of less than 6,000 and a molecular weight of less than 850 per (meth) acryl group.
一般に、電離放射線硬化型塗工剤硬化物の物性は、モノマーの構造と架橋密度に大きく影響されるが、最終的に架橋構造をとるためモノマーの分子量には影響されないと考えられる。しかしながら、本発明においては表面層の物性は、主成分とするウレタン（メタ）アクリレートの分子量に大きく影響される。その理由は明らかではないが、本発明で使用する分子量が大きく、（メタ）アクリル基１個当りの分子量が８５０〜７，５００と大きいウレタン（メタ）アクリレートは、（メタ）アクリル基の重合による架橋密度は低いもののウレタン結合間で水素結合による擬似架橋構造を形成して表面層に耐摩耗性や耐擦傷性を付与することができる。また、分子中にソフトセグメント部を有しているので柔軟で表面層に耐屈曲性も付与することができる。また、分子量の大きいウレタン（メタ）アクリレートは分子の大きさが大きく、且つ多数の（メタ）アクリレート基を有するため、硬化反応が進むと部分的に相互侵入網目構造を形成し、相反する特性である耐摩耗性・耐擦傷性と耐屈曲性との両方の特性を兼ね備えた硬化物になるものと推察される。 In general, the physical properties of the ionizing radiation curable coating agent cured product are greatly influenced by the structure of the monomer and the crosslinking density, but it is considered that the physical properties of the monomer are not influenced by the molecular weight of the monomer because it finally has a crosslinked structure. However, in the present invention, the physical properties of the surface layer are greatly influenced by the molecular weight of urethane (meth) acrylate as a main component. The reason is not clear, but urethane (meth) acrylate having a large molecular weight used in the present invention and a large molecular weight of 850 to 7,500 per (meth) acrylic group is caused by polymerization of (meth) acrylic group. Although the crosslinking density is low, a pseudo-crosslinked structure by hydrogen bonds can be formed between urethane bonds to impart wear resistance and scratch resistance to the surface layer. In addition, since the soft segment portion is included in the molecule, it is flexible and can impart bending resistance to the surface layer. In addition, urethane (meth) acrylate having a large molecular weight has a large molecular size and has a large number of (meth) acrylate groups. Therefore, when the curing reaction proceeds, it partially forms an interpenetrating network structure and has contradictory characteristics. It is presumed that the cured product has both characteristics of wear resistance, scratch resistance and bending resistance.
本発明の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を紫外線や可視光線で硬化させるためには光重合開始剤を配合する必要があるが、光重合開始剤は重合性アクリル系化合物１００重量部に対し０．５〜１０重量部、好ましくは１〜７重量部配合することが好ましい。光重合開始剤の配合量が０．５重量部未満の場合は、紫外線や可視光線を照射して硬化させる際、硬化時間が長くなり好ましくなく、１０重量部より多い場合は塗工剤硬化物の物性が低下するばかりでなく塗工剤の安定性が劣るため好ましくない。 In order to cure the ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent of the present invention with ultraviolet rays or visible light, it is necessary to add a photopolymerization initiator. The photopolymerization initiator is based on 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable acrylic compound. 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 7 parts by weight is preferably blended. When the blending amount of the photopolymerization initiator is less than 0.5 parts by weight, the curing time is undesirably long when cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays or visible light. This is not preferable because the physical properties of the coating agent are deteriorated and the stability of the coating agent is inferior.
光重合開始剤としては、例えば、ベンゾイン、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ベンゾインエチルエーテル、ベンゾインイソブチルエーテル、ジエトキシアセトフェノン、２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニルプロパン−１−オン、ベンジルジメチルケタール、１−ヒドロキシシクロヘキシル−フェニルケトン、２−メチル−２−モルホリノ（４−チオメチルフェニル）プロパン−１−オン、２−ベンジル−２−ジメチルアミノ−１−（４−モルホリノフェニル）ブタノン、２，４，６−トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルフォスフィンオキサイド、２，４，６−トリメチルベンゾイルフェニルエトキシフォスフィンオキサイド、ベンゾフェノン、ｏ−ベンゾイル安息香酸メチル、ヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、２−イソプロピルチオキサントン、２，４−ジメチルチオキサントン、２，４−ジエチルチオキサントン、２，４−ジクロロチオキサントン、２，４，６−トリス（トリクロロメチル）−Ｓ−トリアジン、２−メチル−４，６−ビス（トリクロロ）−Ｓ−トリアジン、２−（４−メトキシフェニル）−４、６−ビス（トリクロロメチル）−Ｓ−トリアジン、鉄−アレン錯体、チタノセン化合物などが挙げられ、これらのうち１種、または２種以上を併用して使用するのが好ましい。 Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, diethoxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, benzyldimethyl ketal, 1- Hydroxycyclohexyl-phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-2-morpholino (4-thiomethylphenyl) propan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) butanone, 2,4,6 -Trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphenylethoxyphosphine oxide, benzophenone, methyl o-benzoylbenzoate, hydroxybenzophenone, 2-isopropylthioxanthate 2,4-dimethylthioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone, 2,4,6-tris (trichloromethyl) -S-triazine, 2-methyl-4,6-bis (trichloro) -S-triazine, 2- (4-methoxyphenyl) -4,6-bis (trichloromethyl) -S-triazine, iron-allene complex, titanocene compound, and the like. Among these, one kind or two kinds or more Are preferably used in combination.
更に、本発明の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤は、塗布性、取扱い性などの観点から、塗工剤の粘度、固形分濃度を調整するために必要に応じて、溶剤を配合して希釈することが好ましい。特に、溶剤を配合して５０ｍＰa・ｓ以下の粘度に調整された塗工剤は、塗工性が良好となるので好ましい。溶剤の配合割合は、所望する塗工剤の粘度、或いは塗工厚さに応じて適宜調整することができ、例えば電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤中の重合性アクリル系化合物１００重量部に対し、通常７０〜２，０００重量部、好ましくは３００〜１，５００重量部である。 Furthermore, the ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent of the present invention is blended with a solvent as necessary in order to adjust the viscosity and solid content concentration of the coating agent from the viewpoints of applicability and handleability. It is preferred to dilute. In particular, a coating agent adjusted to have a viscosity of 50 mPa · s or less by blending a solvent is preferable because the coating property is improved. The blending ratio of the solvent can be appropriately adjusted according to the desired viscosity or coating thickness of the coating agent. For example, 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable acrylic compound in the ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent. On the other hand, it is usually 70 to 2,000 parts by weight, preferably 300 to 1,500 parts by weight.
溶剤としては、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレートなどの重合性アクリル系化合物や光重合開始剤などを溶解し得るものであれば特に限定されず、例えば、ジブチルエーテル、ジメトキシメタン、ジメトキシエタン、ジエトキシエタン、１，４−ジオキサン、テトラヒドロフランなどのエーテル系溶剤、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、ジエチルケトン、ジプロピルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロペンタノン、シクロヘキサノン、アセチルアセトンなどのケトン系溶剤、蟻酸プロピル、蟻酸ｎ−ペンチル、酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、プロピオン酸メチル、プロピオン酸エチル、酢酸ｎ−ペンチルなどのエステル系溶剤、ジアセトンアルコール、メタノール、エタノール、１−プロパノール、２−プロパノール、１−ブタノール、２−ブタノール、１−ペンタノール、シクロヘキサノールなどのアルコール系溶剤などが挙げられる。これらは乾燥速度、溶解性などを考慮し、１種又は２種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。 The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve a polymerizable acrylic compound such as urethane (meth) acrylate or a photopolymerization initiator, and examples thereof include dibutyl ether, dimethoxymethane, dimethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, 1,4-dioxane, ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone, dipropyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ketone solvents such as cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, acetylacetone, propyl formate, n-pentyl formate, acetic acid Esters such as methyl, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, n-pentyl acetate, diacetone alcohol, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol , 2-butanol, 1-pentanol, such as alcohol-based solvents such as cyclohexanol. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more in consideration of drying speed, solubility and the like.
更に、本発明の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤は、撥水剤、フィラー、レベリング剤、導電性付与剤、光増感剤、安定剤、重合禁止剤、消泡剤、タレ止め剤、付着向上剤、改質剤、可塑剤などの各種添加剤を含有してもよい。
撥水剤は必要に応じて適宜選択できるが、シリコーン系撥水剤やフッ素系撥水剤が好ましく使用できる。シリコーン系撥水剤としては、分子量５００以上のシロキサン結合を有する化合物が好適に用いられる。具体的には、両末端に水酸基を有するジメチルポリシロキサン、末端にアルキル基を有するアルキルポリシロキサン、アルコキシ変性ジメチルポリシロキサン、およびフルオロアルキル変性ジメチルシリコーン等が挙げられる。さらには、末端に（メタ）アクリル基を有するジメチルポリシロキサンは、重合性アクリル化合物が硬化する際、化学結合を介して架橋構造中へ組み込まれるため、長期に渡ってその効果を持続することができるので好ましい。
Furthermore, the ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent of the present invention includes a water repellent, a filler, a leveling agent, a conductivity imparting agent, a photosensitizer, a stabilizer, a polymerization inhibitor, an antifoaming agent, an anti-sagging agent, You may contain various additives, such as an adhesion improvement agent, a modifier, and a plasticizer.
The water repellent can be appropriately selected as necessary, but a silicone water repellent and a fluorine water repellent can be preferably used. As the silicone-based water repellent, a compound having a siloxane bond having a molecular weight of 500 or more is preferably used. Specific examples include dimethylpolysiloxanes having hydroxyl groups at both ends, alkylpolysiloxanes having alkyl groups at the ends, alkoxy-modified dimethylpolysiloxanes, and fluoroalkyl-modified dimethylsilicones. Furthermore, since the dimethylpolysiloxane having a (meth) acryl group at the terminal is incorporated into the crosslinked structure through a chemical bond when the polymerizable acrylic compound is cured, the effect can be maintained for a long time. It is preferable because it is possible.
これらの撥水剤を含有した電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を塗布、硬化させて表面層を形成させると、転写ベルト表面の表面自由エネルギーが低下し、トナーが付着し難くなると共に摩擦が小さくなるという効果を有する。したがって、転写ベルトとトナーとの離型性が良好となり、転写効率が向上する。 When a surface layer is formed by applying and curing an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent containing these water repellents, the surface free energy on the surface of the transfer belt is lowered, making it difficult for toner to adhere and friction. It has the effect of becoming smaller. Therefore, the releasability between the transfer belt and the toner becomes good, and the transfer efficiency is improved.
本発明の塗工剤には、転写ベルトへ滑り性を付与するために、フィラーを配合してもよい。フィラーの粒径については制限ないものの、分散性や得られた転写ベルトの表面粗さを考慮すると０．０２μｍ〜５０μｍの範囲が好ましい。これらのフィラーは、すべり性を阻害しない範囲で分散性を向上させるなどの目的のために表面処理を行っても良い。また、転写ベルトとしての特性に支障を起こさない範囲で分散剤を使用することもできる。フィラーの配合量としては、重合性アクリル系化合物１００重量部に対し０．５〜４０重量部が好ましく、特には１．０〜３０重量部が好ましい。 In the coating agent of the present invention, a filler may be blended in order to impart slipping property to the transfer belt. Although there is no restriction | limiting about the particle size of a filler, when the dispersibility and the surface roughness of the obtained transfer belt are considered, the range of 0.02-50 micrometers is preferable. These fillers may be subjected to a surface treatment for the purpose of improving dispersibility within a range not impeding slipperiness. Further, a dispersant can be used as long as it does not hinder the characteristics as a transfer belt. As a compounding quantity of a filler, 0.5-40 weight part is preferable with respect to 100 weight part of polymeric acrylic compounds, and 1.0-30 weight part is especially preferable.
フィラーとしては、例えば、フッ素ゴム、黒鉛やグラファイトにフッ素が結合したフッ化炭素及びポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、エチレン−テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン−パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体等のフッ素含有樹脂の粉末、シリコーン樹脂、シリコーンゴム、シリコーンエラストマー等のシリコーン系の粉末、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、アクリル樹脂、ナイロン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂等の樹脂粉末、シリカ、アルミナ、酸化チタン及び酸化マグネシウム等の無機粉末などが挙げられる。これらのフィラーは、塗工剤中への分散性を向上させるために表面処理を施しても良く、単独または併用して使用することもできる。 As the filler, for example, fluororubber, graphite or fluorocarbon in which fluorine is bonded to graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer Fluorine-containing resin powder such as silicone resin, silicone rubber, silicone-based powder such as silicone elastomer, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylic resin, nylon resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, etc. powder, silica, alumina, oxidation Examples include inorganic powders such as titanium and magnesium oxide. These fillers may be subjected to a surface treatment in order to improve the dispersibility in the coating agent, and can be used alone or in combination.
さて、本発明の画像形成装置用転写ベルトは、基材層、或いは基材層と弾性層とからなる積層体の表面に、上述した電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を塗布、硬化させてなる表面層を有するものであり、一般に、基材層／表面層或いは基材層／弾性層／表面層という構成を有するものである。
一般に、画像形成装置用転写ベルトには、プリンター等の高速化に対応して、転写ベルト駆動時に転写ベルトが伸びて、転写位置の変動がないように比較的高い引張弾性率が要求されている。この観点より、基材層の引張弾性率は７００ＭＰａ以上であることが好ましく、さらには１，０００ＭＰａ以上が特に好ましい。
The transfer belt for an image forming apparatus of the present invention is obtained by applying and curing the ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent described above on the surface of a base material layer or a laminate comprising a base material layer and an elastic layer. Generally, it has a structure of base material layer / surface layer or base material layer / elastic layer / surface layer.
In general, a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus is required to have a relatively high tensile elastic modulus so that the transfer belt extends when the transfer belt is driven and the transfer position does not fluctuate in response to an increase in speed of a printer or the like. . From this viewpoint, the tensile elastic modulus of the base material layer is preferably 700 MPa or more, more preferably 1,000 MPa or more.
基材層に用いられる材料としては特に制限はないが、例えば、フッ素系樹脂、ナイロン系樹脂、エステル系樹脂、カーボネート系樹脂、アミドイミド系樹脂、イミド系樹脂などを挙げることができ、これらを単独で、または２種以上の材料をブレンドして用いても良く、更には、多層にして用いてもよい。なお、引張り弾性率を上げるために、平板状フィラー、ウィスカー等の補強材を添加することもできる。また、基材層の厚みは、上記性能を満たすように５０〜３００μｍが好ましく、７５〜２００μｍがより好ましい。 Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a material used for a base material layer, For example, a fluorine resin, nylon resin, ester resin, carbonate resin, amide imide resin, imide resin etc. can be mentioned, These are individual Or two or more kinds of materials may be blended and used in multiple layers. In addition, in order to raise a tensile elasticity modulus, reinforcing materials, such as a flat filler and a whisker, can also be added. Moreover, 50-300 micrometers is preferable so that the thickness of a base material layer may satisfy | fill the said performance, and 75-200 micrometers is more preferable.
これらの中で、フッ素系樹脂は、他の樹脂とは異なりそれ自身が難燃性を有し、且つ押出し成形が容易なため画像形成装置用転写ベルトとして好適に用いることができる。また、フッ素系樹脂は、難燃性ばかりでなく、防汚性、離型性をも有しているので、画像形成装置に用いられる転写ベルトに好適である。このようなフッ素系樹脂としては、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、フッ化ビニリデン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体、エチレン−テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体、ポリヘキサフルオロプロピレン、エチレン−フッ化ビニリデン共重合体、フッ化ビニリデン−テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体、フッ化ビニリデン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン−テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体などが挙げられる。 Among these, unlike other resins, the fluorine-based resin itself has flame retardancy and can be suitably used as a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus because it is easily extruded. In addition, since the fluorine-based resin has not only flame retardancy but also antifouling property and releasability, it is suitable for a transfer belt used in an image forming apparatus. Examples of such fluororesins include polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyhexafluoropropylene, ethylene-vinylidene fluoride copolymer, and vinylidene fluoride. -Tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, etc. are mentioned.
また、弾性層はショアＡ硬度が８０以下である材料で形成されているのが好ましい。弾性層に用いることができる材料としては、熱可塑性エラストマー、ゴムなど上記性能を満たせば、必要に応じて適宜選択することができる。
熱可塑性エラストマーとしては、ポリアミド系エラストマー、ポリエステル系エラストマー、ポリウレタン系エラストマー、ポリオレフィン系エラストマー、ポリスチレン系エラストマー、ジエン系エラストマー、ポリ塩化ビニル系エラストマー、熱可塑性樹脂とゴムとの混合物等が例示できる。これらの熱可塑性エラストマーは単独でも、必要に応じて２種以上を混合使用してもよい。
The elastic layer is preferably formed of a material having a Shore A hardness of 80 or less. The material that can be used for the elastic layer can be appropriately selected as necessary as long as the above-described performances such as thermoplastic elastomer and rubber are satisfied.
Examples of thermoplastic elastomers include polyamide elastomers, polyester elastomers, polyurethane elastomers, polyolefin elastomers, polystyrene elastomers, diene elastomers, polyvinyl chloride elastomers, mixtures of thermoplastic resins and rubbers, and the like. These thermoplastic elastomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more as required.
ゴムとしては、スチレン−ブタジエンゴム、ブタジエンゴム、イソプレンゴム、ＥＰＤＭ、アクリロニトリル−ブタジエンゴム、クロロプレンゴム、ブチルゴム、シリコーンゴム、フッ素ゴム、ウレタンゴム、アクリルゴム、エピクロロヒドリンゴム、ノルボルネンゴム等が挙げられる。 Examples of the rubber include styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, EPDM, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, urethane rubber, acrylic rubber, epichlorohydrin rubber, norbornene rubber, and the like. .
これら弾性層に用いられる熱可塑性エラストマーやゴムは、ショアＡ硬度８０以下のものが好ましく、ショアＡ硬度７０以下のものがさらに好ましい。弾性層の硬度が高すぎる場合は、厚さ方向の圧縮弾性率が高いため転写時のニップ幅が十分に得られず、トナー転写時にトナーへかかる圧力が高くなり、弾性層を形成させた効果が小さくなる。弾性層の厚みは、８０μｍ〜６００μｍが好ましく、さらに２００〜５００μｍが好ましい。 The thermoplastic elastomer or rubber used in these elastic layers preferably has a Shore A hardness of 80 or less, and more preferably a Shore A hardness of 70 or less. If the hardness of the elastic layer is too high, the compressive modulus in the thickness direction is high, so that the nip width at the time of transfer cannot be obtained sufficiently, and the pressure applied to the toner at the time of toner transfer increases, resulting in the effect of forming the elastic layer Becomes smaller. The thickness of the elastic layer is preferably 80 μm to 600 μm, and more preferably 200 to 500 μm.
さて、本発明の画像形成装置用転写ベルトは体積抵抗率が１０5〜１０13Ω・ｃｍであることが好ましく、特には１０7〜１０12Ω・ｃｍであることが好ましい。転写ベルトの体積抵抗率を上記の範囲に制御するために、本発明の目的を妨げない範囲で基材層及び／又は弾性層に導電性材料を配合することができる。導電性材料には電子伝導性材料とイオン伝導性材料があり、電子伝導性材料としては、例えば、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、カーボンナノチューブなどのカーボン系材料、ポリアニリン、ポリチオフェン、ポリアセチレンなどの導電性高分子、導電性無機粒子が挙げられる。 The transfer belt for an image forming apparatus of the present invention preferably has a volume resistivity of 10 5 to 10 13 Ω · cm, particularly preferably 10 7 to 10 12 Ω · cm. In order to control the volume resistivity of the transfer belt within the above range, a conductive material can be blended with the base material layer and / or the elastic layer within a range that does not hinder the object of the present invention. Electroconductive materials include electron conductive materials and ion conductive materials. Examples of electron conductive materials include carbon-based materials such as carbon black, graphite, and carbon nanotubes, and conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polythiophene, and polyacetylene. And conductive inorganic particles.
導電性無機粒子としては、例えばアルミニウム・亜鉛酸化物、アンチモン・スズ酸化物、インジウム・スズ酸化物、カーボンブラック等で表面処理を行った無機粒子などが挙げられる。 Examples of the conductive inorganic particles include inorganic particles that have been surface-treated with aluminum / zinc oxide, antimony / tin oxide, indium / tin oxide, carbon black, or the like.
イオン伝導性材料としては、例えば、ポリエーテルエステルアミド、ポリエーテルエステル、ポリエーテルアミド、ポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリエチレンオキサイド共重合体、部分架橋ポリエチレンオキサイド共重合体、イオン電解質等があげられ、これらを単独で、あるいは二種類以上併用することができる。さらに、イオン電解質としては、アルカリ金属のチオシアン酸塩、リン酸塩、硫酸塩、ハロゲン含有酸素酸塩を単独、あるいは、複数種組合せて用いることができ、これらのうち特に、過塩素酸リチウム、過塩素酸ナトリウム、過塩素酸カリウム、チオシアン酸リチウム、チオシアン酸ナトリウム、チオシアン酸カリウムが好ましい。 Examples of the ion conductive material include polyether ester amide, polyether ester, polyether amide, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene oxide copolymer, partially crosslinked polyethylene oxide copolymer, ion electrolyte, and the like. Or two or more types can be used together. Furthermore, as the ionic electrolyte, alkali metal thiocyanate, phosphate, sulfate, halogen-containing oxyacid salt can be used alone or in combination, among these, lithium perchlorate, Sodium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, lithium thiocyanate, sodium thiocyanate, and potassium thiocyanate are preferred.
以下に、本発明の画像形成装置用転写ベルトの製造方法を説明する。
まず、上記転写ベルトの基材層、或いは基材層と弾性層からなる積層体は、例えば、押出し法、遠心成形法、ディッピング法などで製造することができる。押出し法について具体的に説明すると、環状ダイを装着した押出し機を用い、基材層用の樹脂組成物をチューブ状に押出した後、得られたチューブを所定長さにカットすることにより転写ベルト用の原反を得ることができる。また、基材層／弾性層の構成を有する転写ベルトの場合は、２台以上の押出し機に多層の環状ダイを装着し、基材層を形成する樹脂組成物と弾性層を形成する樹脂組成物とを、基材層を最内層としてチューブ状に共押出しし、得られたチューブを所定長さにカットすることにより転写ベルト用原反を得ることができる。
次いで、得られた上記転写ベルト用原反の表面に、上述した電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤をロールコート、バーコート、ディップコート、スプレーコート等、好ましくはロールコート、スプレーコートにより塗布し、溶剤を含有する場合は乾燥後、電離放射線を照射して硬化させることによって表面層を形成する。
Below, the manufacturing method of the transfer belt for image forming apparatuses of this invention is demonstrated.
First, the base material layer of the transfer belt or a laminate comprising the base material layer and the elastic layer can be produced by, for example, an extrusion method, a centrifugal molding method, a dipping method, or the like. The extrusion method will be described in detail. An extrusion machine equipped with an annular die is used to extrude the resin composition for the base material layer into a tube shape, and then the obtained tube is cut into a predetermined length to transfer the belt. You can get the original fabric. In the case of a transfer belt having a base layer / elastic layer configuration, a multilayer annular die is mounted on two or more extruders, and a resin composition for forming the base layer and a resin composition for forming the elastic layer A material for a transfer belt can be obtained by coextruding a product into a tube shape with the base material layer as an innermost layer and cutting the obtained tube into a predetermined length.
Next, the ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent described above is applied to the surface of the obtained transfer belt original fabric by roll coating, bar coating, dip coating, spray coating, etc., preferably roll coating or spray coating. In the case of containing a solvent, after drying, the surface layer is formed by irradiating and curing with ionizing radiation.
なお、電離放射線としては特に制限がなく、例えば、電子線、紫外線、可視光線、γ線、X線が挙げられ、その照射量は、紫外線の場合、通常１００〜１５，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２、好ましくは３００〜８，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２である。 In addition, there is no restriction | limiting in particular as ionizing radiation, For example, an electron beam, an ultraviolet-ray, visible light, a gamma ray, and X-ray are mentioned, The irradiation amount is 100-15,000mJ / cm < 2 > normally in the case of an ultraviolet-ray, Preferably Is 300 to 8,000 mJ / cm 2 .
本発明においては塗工剤を室温で電離放射線を照射して硬化させるので、加熱硬化の場合のように１００℃以上の高温で長時間加熱する必要がなく、熱による転写ベルトへのダメージがないという利点を有している。 In the present invention, since the coating agent is cured by irradiation with ionizing radiation at room temperature, there is no need to heat at a high temperature of 100 ° C. or higher for a long time as in the case of heat curing, and there is no damage to the transfer belt due to heat. Has the advantage.
なお、表面層の硬化後の膜厚は、０．５μｍ以上１０μｍ以下が好ましく、さらには１．５μｍ以上５μｍ以下であることが好ましい。表面層の膜厚が薄すぎると耐久性に問題が生じ、逆に厚すぎると耐屈曲性が悪くなるため好ましくない。 In addition, the film thickness after curing of the surface layer is preferably 0.5 μm or more and 10 μm or less, and more preferably 1.5 μm or more and 5 μm or less. If the film thickness of the surface layer is too thin, there will be a problem in durability, and conversely if it is too thick, the bending resistance will deteriorate, which is not preferable.
以下、実施例により、本発明をより具体的に説明する。
［製造例１］
［基材層用の樹脂組成物］
ポリフッ化ビニリデン１００重量部（引張弾性率が１，４００ＭＰａのもの）に対して、ポリエチレンオキサイド共重合体５重量部、過塩素酸リチウム０．５重量部を混合し、二軸混練機で混練、ペレット化し、基材層用樹脂組成物を得た。
［弾性層用の樹脂組成物］
熱可塑性ポリウレタン１００重量部（ショアＡ硬度が６０のもの）に対して、ポリエチレンオキサイド共重合体３重量部、過塩素酸リチウム０．３重量部をニーダーで混練、ペレット化し、弾性層用樹脂組成物を得た。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically by way of examples.
[Production Example 1]
[Resin composition for substrate layer]
To 100 parts by weight of polyvinylidene fluoride (with a tensile modulus of 1,400 MPa), 5 parts by weight of a polyethylene oxide copolymer and 0.5 parts by weight of lithium perchlorate are mixed and kneaded with a biaxial kneader. The resin composition for base material layers was obtained by pelletizing.
[Resin composition for elastic layer]
Resin composition for elastic layer by kneading and pelletizing 3 parts by weight of polyethylene oxide copolymer and 0.3 parts by weight of lithium perchlorate with 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic polyurethane (having a Shore A hardness of 60) I got a thing.
［転写ベルト用原反の製造］
シリンダー径５０ｍｍの押出し機２台の先端に２層の環状ダイを装着した装置を用い、基材層用樹脂組成物と弾性層用樹脂組成物とを共押出ししてチューブ状に成形後、長さ４００ｍｍにカットし、基材層を内層とする基材層の厚さ１５０μｍ、弾性層の厚さ２５０μｍ、周長８５０ｍｍ、幅４００ｍｍの弾性層を有する転写ベルト用原反を得た。得られた原反の体積抵抗率は８．０×１０8Ω・ｃｍであった。ここで、体積抵抗率は、株式会社ダイヤインスツルメンツ製ハイレスタUPを用い、ＵＲＳプローブにて、印加電圧５００Ｖ、印加時間１０秒の条件で測定した。測定環境は温度２３℃、相対湿度５０％であった。
[Manufacture of transfer belt material]
Using a device equipped with two annular dies at the tip of two extruders with a cylinder diameter of 50 mm, the base layer resin composition and the elastic layer resin composition were coextruded and formed into a tube shape, then long A raw material for a transfer belt having an elastic layer having a thickness of 150 μm, an elastic layer thickness of 250 μm, a circumferential length of 850 mm, and a width of 400 mm, having a base layer as an inner layer, was obtained. The volume resistivity of the obtained raw fabric was 8.0 × 10 8 Ω · cm. Here, the volume resistivity was measured with a URS probe using a Hiresta UP manufactured by Dia Instruments Co., Ltd. under the conditions of an applied voltage of 500 V and an applied time of 10 seconds. The measurement environment was a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%.
実施例、および比較例で作製した転写ベルトは、以下項目について評価し、その結果を表１に示す。
＜耐久性＞
ＪＩＳ Ｐ８１１５に準拠し、荷重４．９Ｎで１００００回折り曲げ後の試料の外観を観察して、以下の基準により耐屈曲性の耐久性を評価した。
○：クラックが発生しなかった。
×：クラックが発生した。
＜中抜け＞
上記転写ベルトをカラープリンターの中間転写ベルトとして取り付け、転写画質の中抜けを以下のようにして評価した。
◎：転写画像に全く中抜けがなかった。
○：転写画像に少々中抜けが発生したが、許容範囲であった。
×：転写画像に中抜けが発生し、画質上問題があった。
The transfer belts produced in the examples and comparative examples were evaluated for the following items, and the results are shown in Table 1.
<Durability>
In accordance with JIS P8115, the appearance of the sample after bending 10,000 times with a load of 4.9 N was observed, and the durability of bending resistance was evaluated according to the following criteria.
○: No crack occurred.
X: A crack occurred.
<Cut out>
The transfer belt was attached as an intermediate transfer belt of a color printer, and the transfer image quality was evaluated as follows.
A: There was no void in the transferred image.
◯: Slight omission occurred in the transferred image, but it was within the allowable range.
X: The transfer image had a void and had a problem in image quality.
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量７０，０００、（メタ）アクリル基１個当たりの分子量（以下、（メタ）アクリル当量という）１，３８０のウレタンアクリレート（根上工業製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 70,000 as a polymerizable acrylic compound and a molecular weight per one (meth) acrylic group (hereinafter referred to as (meth) acrylic equivalent) of 1,380, starting photopolymerization Add 1000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent to 5 parts by weight of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent, and dissolve uniformly. Then, an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent for the surface layer was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量５１，０００、（メタ）アクリル当量８８０のウレタンアクリレート（根上工業製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 51,000 and (meth) acrylic equivalent 880 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane-1 as a photopolymerization initiator -1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent was added to 5 parts by weight of ON and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone water repellent and uniformly dissolved to obtain an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent for the surface layer. Prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量４０，０００、（メタ）アクリル当量３，２００のウレタンアクリレート（根上工業製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 40,000 and a (meth) acrylic equivalent of 3,200 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of -1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent and uniformly dissolved, and an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating for the surface layer is applied. An agent was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量１４，０００、（メタ）アクリル当量７，０００のウレタンアクリレート（日本合成化学製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Nippon Gosei Kagaku) having a molecular weight of 14,000 and a (meth) acrylic equivalent of 7,000 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl- as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of propan-1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent, and dissolved uniformly to obtain an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating for the surface layer. A working agent was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量７０，０００、（メタ）アクリル当量３，５００のウレタンアクリレート（根上工業製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 70,000 and a (meth) acrylic equivalent of 3,500 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of -1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent and uniformly dissolved, and an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating for the surface layer is applied. An agent was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量８，０００、（メタ）アクリル当量４，０００のウレタンアクリレート（根上工業製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 8,000 and a (meth) acrylic equivalent of 4,000 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of -1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent and uniformly dissolved, and an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating for the surface layer is applied. An agent was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量６，８００、（メタ）アクリル当量１，１３０のウレタンアクリレート（根上工業製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 6,800 and a (meth) acrylic equivalent of 1,130 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of -1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent and uniformly dissolved, and an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating for the surface layer is applied. An agent was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量６０，０００、（メタ）アクリル当量４，８００のウレタンアクリレート（根上工業製）を３５重量部、分子量１４，０００、アクリル当量７，０００のウレタンアクリレート（日本合成化学製）を４１重量部、分子量２，２００、アクリル当量３７０のウレタンアクリレート（日本合成化学製）を２４重量部、シランカップリング処理したシリカ（粒径２μｍ：水澤化学工業製）１５重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。なお、この塗工剤は、重合性アクリル系化合物中に、分子量６，０００以上、（メタ）アクリル基１個当たりの分子量が８５０〜７，５００である特定のウレタン（メタ）アクリレートを７６重量％含有している。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
35 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 60,000 and a (meth) acrylic equivalent of 4,800 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, a urethane acrylate having a molecular weight of 14,000 and an acrylic equivalent of 7,000 (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical) ), 41 parts by weight, urethane acrylate (manufactured by Nippon Gosei Kagaku) having a molecular weight of 2,200, acrylic equivalent of 370, 24 parts by weight of silane-coupled silica (particle size 2 μm: made by Mizusawa Chemical Co., Ltd.), photopolymerization Add 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent to 5 parts by weight of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one as an initiator, 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone water repellent, and uniformly It melt | dissolved and the ionizing radiation hardening-type acrylic coating agent for surface layers was prepared. In addition, this coating agent contains 76 weights of specific urethane (meth) acrylates having a molecular weight of 6,000 or more and a molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group of 850 to 7,500 in the polymerizable acrylic compound. % Content.
The obtained coating agent was applied to the transfer belt for raw surface of Production Example 1 by a dipping method, dried, ultraviolet rays to form a surface layer of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 irradiation with a thickness of 3 [mu] m. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
［比較例１］
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量２，２００、（メタ）アクリル当量３７０のウレタンアクリレート（日本合成化学製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 1]
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Nippon Gosei Kagaku) having a molecular weight of 2,200 and (meth) acrylic equivalent 370 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane- as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of 1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent and uniformly dissolved, and an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent for the surface layer. Was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
［比較例２］
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量１，１００、（メタ）アクリル当量１８０のウレタンアクリレート（日本合成化学製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 2]
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Nippon Gosei Kagaku) having a molecular weight of 1,100 and a (meth) acrylic equivalent of 180 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane- as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of 1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent and uniformly dissolved, and an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent for the surface layer. Was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
［比較例３］
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量２，０００、（メタ）アクリル当量１，０００のウレタンアクリレート（根上工業製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 3]
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 2,000 and a (meth) acrylic equivalent of 1,000 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of -1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent and uniformly dissolved, and an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating for the surface layer is applied. An agent was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
［比較例４］
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量４３，５００、（メタ）アクリル当量５３０のウレタンアクリレート（根上工業製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 4]
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 43,500 and a (meth) acrylic equivalent of 530 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane-1 as a photopolymerization initiator -1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent was added to 5 parts by weight of ON and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone water repellent and uniformly dissolved to obtain an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent for the surface layer. Prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
［比較例５］
重合性アクリル系化合物として分子量５，６００、（メタ）アクリル当量９３０のウレタンアクリレート（根上工業製）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 5]
100 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (manufactured by Negami Kogyo Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 5,600 and a (meth) acrylic equivalent of 930 as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane-1 as a photopolymerization initiator -1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent was added to 5 parts by weight of ON and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone water repellent and uniformly dissolved to obtain an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent for the surface layer. Prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
［比較例６］
重合性アクリル系化合物としてトリス（２−アクリロイルオキシエチル）イソシアヌレート（日立化成工業製、分子量４２３、（メタ）アクリル当量１４１）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 6]
Tris (2-acryloyloxyethyl) isocyanurate (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., molecular weight 423, (meth) acrylic equivalent 141) as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl- as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of 1-phenyl-propan-1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent, and dissolved uniformly to cure ionizing radiation for the surface layer. A type acrylic coating agent was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
［比較例７］
重合性アクリル系化合物としてジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート（ダイセルサイテック製、分子量５７８、（メタ）アクリル当量９６．３）を１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 7]
100 parts by weight of dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (manufactured by Daicel Cytec, molecular weight 578, (meth) acrylic equivalent 96.3) as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl- as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of propan-1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent, and dissolved uniformly to obtain an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating for the surface layer. A working agent was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
［比較例８］
重合性アクリル系化合物としてペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート（新中村化学工業製、分子量２９８、（メタ）アクリル当量７４．５）１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 8]
100 parts by weight of pentaerythritol hexaacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., molecular weight 298, (meth) acrylic equivalent 74.5) as a polymerizable acrylic compound, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl- as a photopolymerization initiator 1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent is added to 5 parts by weight of propan-1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent, and dissolved uniformly to obtain an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating for the surface layer. A working agent was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
［比較例９］
重合性アクリル系化合物としてトリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート（新中村化学工業製、分子量３３８、（メタ）アクリル当量１１２．６）１００重量部、光重合開始剤として２−ヒドロキシ−２−メチル−１−フェニル−プロパン−１−オン５重量部、シリコーン系撥水剤０．５重量部に溶剤であるメチルイソブチルケトンを１，０００重量部加え均一に溶解して、表面層用の電離放射線硬化型アクリル系塗工剤を調製した。
得られた塗工剤をディッピング法にて製造例１の転写ベルト用原反の表面に塗布し、乾燥後、紫外線を３，０００ｍJ／ｃｍ２照射して厚さ３μｍの表面層を形成した。次いで、幅３５０ｍｍにカットして画像形成装置用転写ベルトを得た。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 9]
100 parts by weight of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., molecular weight 338, (meth) acrylic equivalent 112.6) as a polymerizable acrylic compound, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl as a photopolymerization initiator -1,000 parts by weight of methyl isobutyl ketone as a solvent was added to 5 parts by weight of propan-1-one and 0.5 parts by weight of a silicone-based water repellent, and dissolved uniformly to obtain an ionizing radiation curable acrylic for the surface layer. A coating agent was prepared.
The obtained coating agent was applied by dipping to the surface of the transfer belt raw material of Production Example 1, dried, and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 3,000 mJ / cm 2 to form a surface layer having a thickness of 3 μm. Subsequently, it was cut into a width of 350 mm to obtain a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
［比較例１０］
製造例１の転写ベルト用原反を幅３５０ｍｍにカットしてそのまま画像形成装置用転写ベルトとした。得られた転写ベルトの評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 10]
The transfer belt original fabric of Production Example 1 was cut into a width of 350 mm and used as it was as a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the obtained transfer belt.
表１に示す通り、本発明にかかる実施例１〜７の画像形成装置用転写ベルトは、塗工剤中の重合性アクリル化合物の主成分が分子量６，０００以上、（メタ）アクリル基１個当たりの分子量が８５０〜７，５００のウレタン（メタ）アクリレートの塗工剤を用いており、１００００回折り曲げ後もクラックの発生がなく（耐屈曲性良好）、画像出し試験においても中抜けがほとんどない良好な画像が得られた。さらに、フィラーを含有する表面層を形成した実施例８の画像形成装置用転写ベルトも耐屈曲性が良好で画像出し試験においても中抜けがなく優れた画像が得られた。
それに対し、比較例１〜５の画像形成装置用転写ベルトは、塗工剤中の重合性アクリル系化合物としてウレタン（メタ）アクリレートを用いているが、これらの塗工剤に用いたウレタン（メタ）アクリレートは分子量６，０００以上、（メタ）アクリル基１個当たりの分子量が８５０〜７，５００の条件を満足していないため、１０，０００回折り曲げ後でクラックが発生した。比較例６〜９の画像形成装置用転写ベルトは、重合性アクリル系化合物としてウレタン（メタ）アクリレート用いておらず、１０，０００回折り曲げ後でクラックが発生した。さらに、比較例１０からも分かるように、表面層を形成しないシームレスベルトは、耐屈曲性は良好であるが、画像出し試験において中抜けが発生し中間転写ベルトとして不適であった。
As shown in Table 1, in the transfer belts for image forming apparatuses of Examples 1 to 7 according to the present invention, the main component of the polymerizable acrylic compound in the coating agent is a molecular weight of 6,000 or more, and one (meth) acryl group. A urethane (meth) acrylate coating agent having a molecular weight of 850 to 7,500 is used, no cracking occurs even after 10,000 bending (bending resistance is good), and there is almost no void in the image output test. No good image was obtained. Furthermore, the transfer belt for an image forming apparatus of Example 8 on which a surface layer containing a filler was formed also had good bending resistance, and an excellent image was obtained with no void in an image output test.
In contrast, the transfer belts for image forming apparatuses of Comparative Examples 1 to 5 use urethane (meth) acrylate as the polymerizable acrylic compound in the coating agent, but the urethane (meta) used in these coating agents. ) Since the acrylate does not satisfy the conditions of a molecular weight of 6,000 or more and a molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group of 850 to 7,500, cracks occurred after bending 10,000 times. In the transfer belts for image forming apparatuses of Comparative Examples 6 to 9, urethane (meth) acrylate was not used as the polymerizable acrylic compound, and cracks occurred after bending 10,000 times. Further, as can be seen from Comparative Example 10, the seamless belt having no surface layer has good bending resistance, but was not suitable as an intermediate transfer belt due to the occurrence of voids in the image output test.
本発明の画像形成装置用転写ベルトを使用すると、長期間使用しても転写ベルト表面にクラックが発生せず、耐磨耗性、耐擦傷性が良好で耐久性に優れ、長期に渡って良好な画像が得られる。さらに弾性層を有するベルトの場合には、長期間の使用でもクラックが発生せず、転写効率が良好で中抜け等のない良好な画像が得られると共に、ラフ紙でも良好な画像が得られる。 When the transfer belt for image forming apparatus of the present invention is used, cracks do not occur on the surface of the transfer belt even if it is used for a long time, wear resistance and scratch resistance are excellent, durability is excellent, and it is good for a long time Images can be obtained. Furthermore, in the case of a belt having an elastic layer, cracks do not occur even when used for a long period of time, a good image with good transfer efficiency and no voids can be obtained, and a good image can be obtained even with rough paper.
Claims (5)
（ａ）分子量：６，０００以上
（ｂ）（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量：８５０〜７，５００
但し、（メタ）アクリル基1個当たりの分子量＝分子量／分子中の（メタ）アクリル基の数 An image forming apparatus transfer belt having a surface layer formed by applying and curing an ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent, the main component of the polymerizable acrylic compound in the ionizing radiation curable acrylic coating agent Is a urethane (meth) acrylate satisfying the following conditions: a transfer belt for an image forming apparatus.
(A) Molecular weight: 6,000 or more (b) Molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group: 850 to 7,500
However, molecular weight per (meth) acrylic group = molecular weight / number of (meth) acrylic groups in the molecule
The transfer belt for an image forming apparatus, wherein the base material layer according to claim 4 has a tensile elastic modulus of 700 MPa or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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