JP2010234307A - Humidity adjustment device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a humidity adjustment device which is capable of increasing the transferring amount of steam and does not break a membrane due to the deformation by air pressure even if the volume of chamber space is enlarged in dehumidifying or humidifying the indoor humidity, or suppressing the change of humidity by transferring the steam of the closed chamber space such as a box, a pipe, an article housing box and the like. <P>SOLUTION: The humidity adjustment device is prepared by fitting a cap 10 at the uppermost end of a hollow pipe 1 so that it communicates with the inner space of the hollow pipe 1 having a height of 100 m or above and the inner diameter of 30 cm, inserting one end of a communicating tube 11d into each of small apertures 10b installed at the outer periphery of the cap, supporting the other end with an outside fixing plate 12 and a mesh net 13, forming a steam transferring control vessel by installing three leaves of waterproof permeable membranes 11a, 11b, 11c at the inside of each communicating tube 11d wherein the fixing plate 12 and the mesh net 13 are fitted so that they are energized to the direction of the cap 10 with a spring 12c, and arranging a tubular and outer hood 14 to capsulate the cap 10, communicating tube 11d, fixing plate 12 and mesh net 13. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In the present invention, the humidity of a relatively large room space that is not open to the atmosphere, such as a box, tube, article storage box, or small storage room, is transferred to the atmosphere without a power source using a waterproof permeable membrane. It is related with the apparatus which adjusts indoor humidity. This is a technology that can be used as a dehumidifying device that lowers indoor humidity, a humidifying device that increases indoor humidity, and a humidity fluctuation suppressing device that reduces humidity fluctuations.

  The present applicant provides a communication tube between the atmosphere and the space in the non-opened box, and provides a plurality of waterproof permeable membranes having different membrane characteristics in the air passage inside the communication tube, with a predetermined distance between them. And we developed a water vapor movement control device that controls the movement of water vapor in the space inside the box. This developed device has been applied for a patent and is known in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 5-322060 and 7-68124.

However, when the space capacity of the box increases, the water vapor transfer mass must be increased. In general, the area of the waterproof permeable membrane must be increased in proportion to the space capacity. However, if the waterproof permeable membrane has a large diameter, the membrane may swell and deform due to the air pressure acting on the membrane, and the membrane may be damaged.
When the target volume of the water vapor movement control device is large, the range of the vertical movement of the surface temperature that occurs with changes in the weather also increases, and thus pressure resistance becomes a problem.
Also, considering the tensile strength and deformation of the membrane, when applied to a large area, the waterproof permeable membrane itself is deformed, resulting in abnormal fluctuations in the amount of permeation and unpredictable temperature gradients. It is highly probable that it would be difficult to create a device with a large surface area.

  Next, a part of the humidity controller is exposed to the atmosphere, which may cause strong winds and storms in the weather. If there is strong wind or rain water, the performance of the humidity controller will be significantly reduced. If a lightning strike occurs, the temperature and air pressure in the humidity controller will rise rapidly, damaging the membrane used.

JP-A-5-322060 JP 7-68124 A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve these conventional problems, the space for controlling water vapor becomes large, there is no damage due to the pressure of the membrane, and water vapor movement can be controlled with high capacity It is to provide a humidity adjusting device. In addition, it is to be able to withstand weather such as strong winds, rainwater, and thunder.

The configuration of the present invention that solves this problem is as follows.
1) A plurality of small holes smaller than the diameter of the communication port between the chamber and the cylinder are provided on the outer peripheral wall surface of the cylinder that is attached so as to communicate with the non-open chamber space for adjusting the humidity and the inside is a bag space, Each small hole is attached with a communication tube having one end communicating with the small hole and the other end communicating with the outside air, and three waterproof permeable membranes are provided in the ventilation passage inside the communication tube and separated by a predetermined distance. A humidity control apparatus, wherein a water vapor movement controller that controls the movement of water vapor according to the characteristics of each is formed for each small hole, and the indoor humidity is controlled by a plurality of water vapor movement controllers attached to each small hole 2) The inner end portion of the communicating tube of each water vapor transfer controller is slidably fitted into a small hole having a step portion inside, and an annular packing is interposed between the inner portion and the step portion of the small hole, A spring that urges the fixing plate that locks the outer end of the communicating cylinder toward the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder. 3) Humidity adjustment device described in 1) above, which is supported by a mesh, and a mesh net is provided on the outside of the fixed plate at a predetermined interval, and the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder, the water vapor movement controller, the fixed plate and the mesh net are wrapped inside. The humidity adjusting device according to 2) above, wherein a covering mantle is provided on a cylindrical body, and an air passage between the inside of the mantle and outside air is provided on a part of the mantle. The humidity adjusting device according to 3), in which the mantle and the cylinder are grounded for lightning, and a water vapor movement controller is not formed in a part of the small hole provided in the cylindrical body. The humidity adjusting device according to any one of 1) to 4) above, wherein the number of the water vapor transfer controllers is adjusted by attaching plugs to close the holes to the small holes 6) of the three waterproof permeable membranes of the water vapor transfer controller The waterproof permeable membrane on the outside side consists of a waterproof permeable membrane made of hygroscopic nonwoven fabric, The permeation membrane consists of a waterproof permeable membrane that is more permeable than the outside air side, and the intermediate waterproof permeable membrane is a waterproof permeable membrane that is more permeable than the inside and outside air sides, and the hygroscopicity is with time. The humidity adjusting apparatus according to any one of 1) to 5), wherein the water vapor movement controller suppresses the humidity fluctuation in the room by using a film whose degree of change does not change the order.

  According to the present invention, the bag space of the tubular body communicating with the chamber space requires a wider space volume / diameter according to the volume of the chamber space. The diameter of the waterproof permeable membrane provided inside is significantly smaller than the diameter of the communication port with the chamber space of the cylinder, and therefore, deformation and displacement of the membrane are reduced even when the same pressure is applied. The withstand pressure strength is high. In addition, the amount of water vapor movement per piece is small as the membrane becomes smaller in diameter, but by providing multiple or many water vapor movement controllers on the outer periphery of the cylinder, the overall amount of water vapor movement can be increased, and a wide room space It is possible to control the movement of water vapor.

  It is not necessary to attach a water vapor transfer controller to all small holes provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. If there are extra small holes, a solid plastic plug with the same external dimensions as the communicating cylinder is fixed to the fixed plate. The small hole may be closed by fitting between the two. In addition to the plug body described above, there is a method of fitting an inner cylinder of a required length for closing the inner hole opening of the small hole into the inner surface of the cylindrical body as means for closing the extra small hole. In order to make the humidity control device compatible with various room spaces, many small holes are provided in a slightly larger cylinder, and the extra small holes are closed with the above-mentioned closing means, so that the chamber space with various volumes can be used. It is possible to install only the optimal number of water vapor transfer controllers for the environment, which makes it possible to improve the compatibility of the room space size and the humidity adjustment capability, and the production cost is the number of parts. Can be made less expensive.

  In addition, if a mesh net and mantle are provided outside the water vapor movement controller, wind, rainwater, salt, dust, yellow sand, insects, etc. are prevented from coming into direct contact with the water vapor movement controller, causing damage to the membrane, Prevents performance degradation of water vapor transfer controller. Further, the mesh net reduces the air flow and stirs to make the air state uniform.

  In the case where the atmosphere side end of the communication tube of each water vapor movement controller is held by a fixed plate and a spring so as to be urged in the cylinder direction, the communication tube is attached to the stepped small hole in an airtight manner via a packing. Also, when high pressure is generated in the chamber space, or when high air pressure is temporarily applied due to lightning, the communicating cylinder slides slightly outward due to the force of the air pressure surpassing the biasing force of the spring. To do. By sliding, the airtightness due to the packing is loosened, and the air inside the cylinder is discharged to the atmosphere side outside the cylinder to reduce the air pressure inside the cylinder, thereby preventing the membrane from being damaged by high air pressure.

  Furthermore, if the jacket and the cylinder are grounded to the ground, even if a lightning strikes, the effect of the lightning is weakened and the device is prevented from being damaged.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall arrangement of the embodiment. FIG. 2 is an exploded explanatory view of the cap body and the fixing plate of the upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device of the embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a mounting state of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor of the embodiment. FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view of attachment of the communicating cylinder of the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor of the embodiment. FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the lower and middle humidity fluctuation suppressing device. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an example of attachment to an oblique hollow tube. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a change with time of the water vapor moving mass by the permeable membrane. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the mass of water vapor transferred by the permeable membrane. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the transmission mass in the direction of the water repellent surface from the nonwoven fabric surface of the permeable membrane. FIG. 12 is a characteristic diagram showing a change in humidity suppression characteristics depending on the presence or absence of a heat insulating film per small humidity fluctuation suppressor of the example. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in room humidity with respect to the size of the room space subject to humidity suppression per small humidity fluctuation suppressor. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in the internal volume of the hollow tube depending on the height of the hollow tube. FIG. 15 is a surface pattern diagram of the upper surface of the outer jacket of the upper humidity adjusting device.

  The water vapor movement controller of the present invention has a case of dehumidification that releases water vapor in a room space to the atmosphere, a case of reverse humidification, and a case of suppressing humidity fluctuation.

  It is preferable to provide a conductive porous mesh in the vicinity of the waterproof permeable membrane. This mesh (conductive porous body) is placed in the vicinity of the membrane, homogenizing the temperature change in the vicinity of the membrane, homogenizing the direction of movement of water vapor, supporting and reinforcing the membrane, and the oligodynamic effect of copper Thus, the surface of the membrane is prevented from being soiled by bacteria and fungi.

In this embodiment, the steel pillar steel pipe of the building is installed at the uppermost end of a vertical hollow pipe exceeding 100 m, and the humidity fluctuation of the space in the hollow pipe is 80% RH or less and the lower part is close to 50% RH. This is an example used as an upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device for a long hollow tube provided to suppress the humidity, and the humidity adjusting device of the present invention is used as an upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device. In the embodiment, the water vapor movement controller of the present invention is embodied as a small humidity fluctuation suppressor, and the cylinder of the present invention is embodied as a covered octagonal rectangular tube cap.
The present embodiment is also an example having a structure of a fixed plate elastic support by a fixed plate, a mesh net, a mantle and a spring.
Details will be described below.

  In this embodiment, a lidded cylindrical metal cap body is attached to the opening at the uppermost end of a hollow pipe, which is a main column steel pipe of a building, so that the opening and the inside of the cap body communicate with each other. A small humidity fluctuation suppressor (equivalent to the water vapor movement controller of the present invention) is horizontally installed in each small hole along the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body), and the small humidity fluctuation suppressor is mounted horizontally. A mesh net and a jacket are attached to the outer periphery of the. In addition, middle and lower humidity fluctuation suppression devices with an inner diameter approximately 40% larger than the small humidity fluctuation suppressor are provided in the middle and lower end of the hollow tube, respectively. A non-breathable felt drainage body that drains to the outside is provided, and a non-ventilated drainage channel is formed inside.

  In the figure, T is a main pillar of a building of 100 m or more, W is an upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device attached to the uppermost end of the hollow tube 1, and L is attached to the lowermost end of the hollow tube 1 of the steel pipe that becomes the main pillar T. Lower humidity fluctuation suppression device with a medium-sized drainage body formed inside, M is an intermediate humidity fluctuation suppression device with a middle-sized drainage body attached inside the hollow tube 1 inside, and lower and intermediate humidity fluctuation suppression The device has substantially the same structure.

  1 is a hollow tube made of steel pipe connected by a flange having an inner diameter of 30 cm and a height of 100 m or more, which is a main column T, 1a and 1b are flange portions of the hollow tube 1, 1c is an internal space in the hollow tube 1, 1d Is a bolt hole provided in the flange portion 1b, and is connected by a heat-treated surface-treated bolt that penetrates the bolt hole 10c of the cap body 10. 2 is the concrete foundation of the main pillar T. Reference numeral 10 denotes a lid-made metal octagonal cylindrical cap body having an inner diameter of 30 cm of the upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device W, 10a is a flange portion of the cap body, and 10b is provided on each outer peripheral surface of the octagonal cylinder of the cap body 10. 96 small holes with steps provided on each of the eight surfaces in a ratio of six rows in one row and two rows, 10c are connected to the flange portion 1a at the uppermost end of the hollow tube 1 provided in the flange portion 10a. Bolt holes, 10d are gaskets that thermally insulate the connection with the flange portions 1a, 10a, 10e is a screw hole on the upper surface, 10f is an internal space of the cap body 10, and 11 has an inner diameter attached to each small hole 10b. A small humidity fluctuation suppressor having an outer diameter of 32 mm and an outer diameter of about 36 mm, 11a, 11b, and 11c are waterproof permeable membranes for the air passages in the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11, and the outside air side is composed of a hygroscopic nonwoven fabric. Made of waterproof permeable membrane The inner side consists of a waterproof permeable membrane that is more permeable than the outside air side, and the middle membrane is a waterproof permeable membrane that is more permeable than the inside and outside air sides, and the degree to which the hygroscopicity changes over time However, a combination of membranes in which the order does not change is used.

  11d is a communicating tube of a casing having the inside of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 as a ventilation passage, 11e is a mesh of a conductive porous body provided close to the intermediate waterproof permeable membrane 11b, 11f is a waterproof permeable membrane 11a, An outer small chamber defined by 11b, 11g an inner small chamber defined by the waterproof permeable membranes 11b and 11c, and 11h a packing to be brought into contact with the inner wall surface of the small hole 10b.

  Reference numeral 12 denotes a vertically long fixing plate that holds the outer peripheral portion of the six small vertical humidity change suppressors 11 in two rows on the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 10. The fixing plate 12 is composed of a laminate of a heat-resistant, air-permeable and moisture-permeable heat insulating film 12-3 interposed between a pair of metal pressing plates 12-1 and 12-2. 12a is a stepped locking hole for locking the outer edge of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 provided on the inner surface of the fixed plate, and 12b is provided with a spring 12c for fixing the fixed plate 12 to the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 10. A mounting screw, 12c is a spring for urging the fixing plate 12 and the mesh net 13 in the direction of the cap body 10, 12d is a connecting screw, 12e is a spacer, 12f is an outer peripheral end of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 of the holding plate 12-2. The packing is pressed against the step of the locking hole 12a to make it airtight. Reference numeral 13 denotes a vertically long mesh net disposed on the outer periphery of the fixed plate 12 and attached to the fixed plate 12 with a connecting screw 12d to prevent wind, water, etc. from coming into direct contact with the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11. 14 is a metal outer jacket attached to the outside of the mesh net so as to cover the entire mesh net, a small humidity fluctuation suppressor, and the cap body, 14a is a mounting screw for attaching the outer jacket to the upper surface of the cap body 10, and 14b is a cap. Heat-insulating coating attached to the inner peripheral surface of the body 10, 15a, 15b, 15c are ventilation passages, 17 is a drainage plate provided with a drainage groove at the lower end attached to the outside of the flange portion 10a, and a draining plate for preventing freezing destruction, Reference numerals 18a, 18c, and 18c denote ground wires for lightning protection that connect the metal mantle 14, the cap body 10, and the hollow tube 1.

Reference numerals 20a to 20k are components common to the lower humidity fluctuation suppressing device L and the intermediate humidity fluctuation suppressing device M, and have the same air passage and membrane structure as the small humidity fluctuation suppressing device 11, and the small humidity fluctuation suppressing device 11 is used. Is a medium-sized one having an outer diameter of 47 mm. 20a, 20b and 20c are waterproof permeable membranes having the same quality as the waterproof permeable membranes 11a, 11b and 11c of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 and having a large inner diameter of about 41 mm. 20d is a communication cylinder as a casing, 20d ₁ is an inner cylinder inside the communication cylinder 20d and a spacer between the membrane and the mesh, 20e is a conductive porous mesh provided close to the waterproof permeable membrane 20b, and 20f is An outer chamber defined by the waterproof permeable membranes 20a and 20b, 20g is an inner chamber defined by the waterproof permeable membranes 20b and 20c, and 20h is an inner space of the hollow tube 1 and lower and intermediate humidity fluctuation suppression devices L and M. A communication tube 20d communicating with the communication tube 20d, 20i is a non-breathable drainage body that moves water by a felt capillary phenomenon, and 20k is a drainage channel formed in the peripheral wall of the communication tube 20d. 20l is a ring-shaped washer that supports the lower end of the communication cylinder 20d, and 20m is a drain hole drilled in the washer.

Felt drainage 20i is made almost neutral by adjusting the pH of an emulsion that has been subjected to antiseptic and insecticidal treatments using tannic acid as a preservative for long-chain proteins such as agar or oblate on the fibers in the felt. The surface of the felt that was impregnated with the colloidal liquid and dried was covered with a film-like water-soluble paste such as Arabic glue.
When the whole is hardened with a paste such as Arabian glue, it takes a long time to swell and disintegrate even if it comes into contact with moisture after being cured and dried contained in the felt. By the way, in order to destroy the airtightness at an early stage in contact with moisture and to ensure water permeability, the outermost coating (arabic glue coating) is made faster by utilizing the swelling of protein chains that have entered the felt. It can collapse (within 3 minutes) and promote drainage.
In this drainage mechanism, after the drainage function is activated, the felt material has an air filter effect, and prevents foreign substances from entering the protective space. However, there is almost no breathability. As a material for the felt material, polyester cotton, nylon, synthetic fiber, natural fiber and the like are arbitrary, but a material having high weather resistance is preferable. A material with low hygroscopicity is more convenient for drying the colloidal liquid, is easy to manufacture, and is stable.

  When the hollow tube 1 is inclined, as shown in FIG. 8, an auxiliary inclined ring 19 may be arranged so that the large-capacity water vapor movement control device is arranged horizontally.

  The outer jacket 14 of the upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device W is covered with a conductive material or made of a conductive constituent material, and is electrically connected to the ground wire 18a, 18b, 18c and grounded to the hollow tube 1. . As a result, burnout due to direct lightning is prevented.

  The outer jacket 14 prevents strong wind, rainwater, dust and the like from directly hitting the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11. It is further covered with a mesh net 13 on the inside, and has a structure in which water droplets are less likely to stagnate. As a result, even when the wind speed on the ground is 2 m / sec, it frequently occurs when the altitude is 60 m at a high altitude, such as 8 m / sec. It can be prevented that the surface temperature fluctuates abnormally and the water vapor movement is adversely affected.

  The design of the mesh net 13 disposed under the mantle 14 to reduce the wind force under the mantle 14 is arbitrary, and in the embodiment, it is arbitrary such as a stacking arrangement, and a plurality of perforated meshes are formed from punched plates. A plurality of these porous meshes may be arranged at intervals.

  The lowermost and middle humidity fluctuation suppression devices L and M have an action of promoting the discharge of water vapor due to the generation of turbulent flow in the drainage or pipes. The outermost mantle 14 is shaded and protected from rain, and the inner rim of the mantle 14 is a turbulent levee.

  The fixing plate 12 is pressed against the cap body 10 by a mounting screw 12b and a spring 12c via a packing 11h in a stepped small hole 10b provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 10 at the outer periphery of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11. Is done. The mesh net 13 and the fixing plate 12 are fixed at regular intervals by a spacer 12e by a connecting screw 12d. These are penetrated by the mounting screw 12b, and the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 is pressed by the spring 12c in the direction of the cap body 10 through the packing 11h in the stepped small hole 10b.

  If a lightning strike occurs at the top of the hollow tube 1 of the building, the internal pressure of the hollow tube interior 1c and the internal space 10f of the cap body 10 suddenly rises and excessively increases in the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11. The small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 slides and floats in the stepped small hole 10b so that no pressure is applied, and sudden pressure changes in the internal space 1c of the hollow tube 1 and the internal space 10f of the cap body 10 occur. Is buffered by a leak and prevents damage to the inside of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11.

The annular draining plate 17 is inside the outer jacket 14 and is fixed to the flange portion 10 a of the cap body 10. Between the outer sheath 14 and the flange of the cap body 10, there is an annular air passage 15a with a gap of about 5 mm.
The movement of the water vapor passes through the membrane 11a, 11b, 11c and the small chambers 11f, 11g, which become the air passage of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11, via the internal space 10f of the cap body by the hollow tube inside 1c, and the mesh net. 13 and the fixed plate 12 through the mesh net 13 from the air passage 15c to the air passage 15b on the inner side of the outer jacket 14, and diffused into the atmosphere from the air passage 15a. The draining plate 17 prevents the action of stirring the direct wind from the mantle 14 and the direct blowing of wind and rain to the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11, and improves the water vapor movement characteristics of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11. Reduce adverse effects.

Further, the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 in the gap d between the fixed plate 12 and the cap body 10 shown in FIG. 4 is placed between the pressing plate 12 on the outer periphery of the cap body 10, such as urethane, foamed polystyrene, glass fiber or the like. The heat insulating material may be placed around and filled so as to surround the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11. As an effect of this heat insulating material, a rapid temperature change of the surface temperature of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 can be prevented, and the performance of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor can be stabilized.
The outer jacket 14 is attached to the top of the cap body 10 with a mounting screw 14a, but the screw hole 10e does not penetrate the top of the cap body 10 and water leakage does not occur.
The mesh net 13 has a high wind speed of 8 to 10 m / sec at a wind speed of about 2 m / sec or 50 m on the ground, and is often 8 to 10 m / sec. In this case, a rapid temperature fluctuation of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 can be avoided, so that the performance and the durability can be stabilized.

The mantle 14 forms a small annular slit that forms a sunshade and a ventilation passage 15 a between the flange portions 10 a of the cap body 10 and prevents strong wind and heavy rain from directly entering the mantle 14.
The material of the outer jacket 14 is made of metal, but the inner surface is provided with a heat-resistant heat-insulating coating 14b to prevent an adverse effect due to radiant heat from the outer jacket 14 to the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11, and the inside of the outer jacket 14 is also protected. Protect from UV rays.
Further, a heat insulating material for insulating radiant heat may be disposed on the outer periphery of the mesh net 13 under the outer jacket 14.

  In this embodiment, the water vapor in the hollow tube 1 is controlled to move mainly by the upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device W and secondarily by the lower humidity fluctuation suppressing device L and the intermediate humidity fluctuation suppressing device M. The humidity fluctuation is approximately 80% RH or less, and the lower part is suppressed to a humidity close to 50% RH.

  In the upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device W, the water vapor tends to gather together with the upward flow, but the water vapor enters the cap body 10 having an inner diameter of 30 cm at the uppermost end of the hollow tube 1. The water vapor acts to reduce the humidity fluctuation in the hollow tube 1 by 96 small humidity fluctuation suppressors 11 having an inner diameter of about 32 mm provided horizontally on the outer peripheral surface of the cap body 10. Similarly, in the lower and middle portions of the hollow tube 1, humidity fluctuations are reduced by medium-sized humidity fluctuation suppression devices L and M having an outer diameter of 47 mm.

  The action of moisture fluctuation suppression by the water vapor movement control of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 and the middle and lower middle-sized humidity fluctuation suppression devices L and M of the waterproof permeable membranes 11a, 11b, 11c, 20a, 20b, and 20c. This is due to action. Hereinafter, the phenomenon of humidity suppression will be described.

An air passage that communicates the inside of the hollow tube with the outside air is divided into two small chambers from the moving boundary surfaces of these three types of waterproof permeable membranes, and heat exchange is performed between these spaces. The movement phenomenon is limited by the film, and the heat exchange at the movement boundary surface is performed in the movement direction with a tendency to change the isobaric pressure. In this process, a propagation loss of kinetic energy occurs.
This heat transfer is the same in the reverse direction, but the atmospheric pressure has no limit on the volume as shown in FIG. Therefore, the movement from the hollow tube side to the atmosphere side is caused by the difference in water vapor pressure between the hollow tube and the atmosphere, and the movement is likely to continue until the water vapor pressure in the atmosphere side and the hollow tube becomes equal, and the movement toward the atmosphere. Easy to move.
Similarly, when the water vapor pressure is higher on the outside air side than in the hollow tube, the water vapor moves toward the hollow tube. However, this moving direction results in an increase in pressure inside the hollow tube and requires a clear amount of work. In addition, the work pressure for increasing the pressure inside the hollow tube and the pressure from the intermediate permeable membrane to another permeable membrane is required, but it is suppressed because there is a propagation loss of thermal energy. As a result, the inside of the hollow tube is less likely to have a higher water vapor pressure on the outside air side than the inside of the hollow tube, and the contradiction in the pressure difference is stabilized by the movement of the air instead of the movement of the water vapor. This phenomenon is similar to the reverse osmosis phenomenon as a result.
In the specific progress of the movement of water vapor, the heat propagation from the hollow tube internal space is caused by the buoyancy of the water vapor in the direction of the outside air from the assembly of the small humidity suppressors 11 of the upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device at the top. It is discharged as a parallel circuit.
In the lower or middle humidity fluctuation suppression devices L and M, the effect of hindering the movement of water vapor from the outside air to the protection space is expected, so the membrane portion is reinforced. As a result, the dehumidified air flows into the protection space and prevents the entry of foreign matter in the external airflow.

In order to explain the amount of movement of the boundary surface that forms the difference in the amount of water vapor movement, FIGS.
In addition, in order to determine the amount of water vapor movement, the pressure inside the hollow tube is set to 1, and the water vapor movement changed over time based on the result of precise measurement of the amount of water vapor movement under isothermal isobaric pressure. Assuming a case where the top three of the mass diagram 9 are theoretically combined, the transmission amount is obtained by simply calculating the ratio.
In FIG. 11, the permeation | transmission mass of the water-repellent surface direction from the nonwoven fabric of a film | membrane is shown. This result shows the permeation | transmission mass of the water vapor | steam from a nonwoven fabric to a water-repellent surface direction. As for the change in the amount of movement in the reverse direction, in the case of the membrane, the nonwoven fabric having a larger surface area faces the outside air, the movement speed becomes faster, but the influence of temperature tends to increase.
However, in general, the amount of movement of water vapor from the nonwoven fabric in the direction of the water-repellent surface and the amount of movement from the water-repellent surface to the nonwoven fabric surface may be substantially equal. It is desirable to arrange these directions in consideration of the surface contamination of the film and the temperature change of the surface.

  In particular, in the upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device W of the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the cap body is 300 mm, the inner diameter of the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 is 32 mm, about 1/10 of the diameter, and about 1/100 in area. Therefore, the pressure resistance against the pressure of the permeable membrane can be used without any problem.

  As described above, without the apparatus of the present embodiment, even when the humidity in the intermediate pipe 1 changes in humidity from 90% RH to 40% RH in one cycle per day, the humidity is low at 80% RH or less. It was also possible to extend the life to near 50% RH, greatly reducing the humidity fluctuation range, suppressing the occurrence of condensation in the hollow tube, reducing rust and corrosion inside the hollow tube, and extending the life.

  Next, a heat-insulating film 12-3 that is air permeable and moisture permeable is sandwiched between the fixing plate 12 of this embodiment. The difference in humidity characteristics with and without the heat insulating film 12-3 will be described.

The effect of the heat-resistant film 12-3 will be described in the following experiment based on the characteristics when one humidity adjusting device of a dew condensation preventer is attached to the volume 36L of the room space. This heat-resistant film 12-3 is disposed outside P1 in FIG. 9 and forms a ventilation path.
(Experiment explanation)
When the initial humidity of the room space is 100% RH and the outside air humidity is 65% RH, the indoor humidity shows a drop, and the indoor humidity when the outside air humidity is changed to 95% RH about 24 hours after the start of the measurement. FIG. 12 shows a mode in which the increase in the number is suppressed. The comparison in FIG. 12 is the difference in the presence or absence of the heat insulating film 12-3. There is no standard specification, and the heat-resistant specification is the one with the heat insulating film 12-3.
The flame-retardant specification line insulates the air passage by the heat-resistant film 12-3, and as a result, the descending characteristic is fast.
On the other hand, the characteristics of the standard water vapor movement control device have the same focusing point as the flame retardant specification after 24 hours.

  When performing large-capacity water vapor movement control of a hollow tube or the like, it is necessary to take measures against an adverse effect on temperature rise caused by direct sunlight or the like in order to set up the top of the structure. By disposing the heat-resistant heat-insulating film 12-3, which has almost no water vapor selective permeability and hardly suppresses the movement speed of water vapor, on the outermost side of the air passage, in particular, a material having low heat resistance However, it is possible to improve the ability to control the movement of water vapor and secure a stable long-term function.

There is a limit to the pressure that one water vapor transfer module (small humidity fluctuation suppressor: the same applies below) can withstand. This is because there is a tension limit in the moisture permeable membrane, and it becomes a problem when sandwiched between porous conductive porous bodies.
In M and L in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the amount of water vapor transferred is limited, but the amount of water vapor transferred by one module is as shown in the experimental values of FIG. To be estimated.
Assuming that water vapor is an ideal gas,
The descending characteristic of the flame retardant specification changes as described above as the target volume of the humidity adjustment space increases. This result, on the other hand, indicates that greater pressure is applied if the number of water vapor transfer control modules is not increased for a particular volume.
Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of steam control modules by using an appropriate volume contrast.
For this reason, an appropriate pressure | voltage resistance can be maintained and the descent | fall speed | velocity | rate of water vapor | steam can be maintained by appropriately increasing the quantity of the water vapor | steam movement modules laid by the top part by the content structure of an application.

On the other hand, in the middle and lower lower / intermediate humidity fluctuation suppression devices L and M having the enhanced membrane support mechanism, these ventilation characteristics are not maintained, but the intrusion of water vapor from the outside air is refused, and conversely It will allow passage.
As a result, the water vapor that rises due to buoyancy is rapidly discharged from the humidity adjusting device (upper humidity fluctuation suppressing device W) where the water vapor movement control device provided at the top gathers. Since the amount of water vapor entering the internal space from the outside air side is extremely limited, a low-humidity environment in the hollow tube can be secured, and corrosion prevention can be effectively promoted.
Further, in the long hollow tube 1, the wind speed is high at a high altitude position, the surface area of a maintenance system such as a cable is increased, and the heat exchange rate is higher than that at a relatively low altitude position.
In other words, the position where the altitude is higher than the low position has a faster temperature decreasing speed, while the water vapor has the property of rising, so that the water vapor that has passed through the warmed low position rises up the pipeline. Gradually, as the temperature drops, it approaches the saturated water vapor pressure. As a result, it is conceivable that dew condensation occurs at a higher level in the upper part of the pipe than in the lower part of the pipe, and this droplet drops.

Therefore, the lower / intermediate humidity fluctuation suppressing devices L and M installed at the lower and middle portions are provided with an abnormal drainage mechanism (drainage body 20i, drainage channel 20k). In this apparatus, the dew condensation water / water in the hollow tube 1 flows into the communication cylinder 20d through the communication pipe 20h, penetrates into the drainage body 20i, and drains 20m in the communication cylinder 20d and the drain hole 20m of the washer 20l. It flows down to the outside and is discharged.
However, as described above, the arrangement of L and M is extremely limited in the amount of water vapor entering from below, while rejecting the ingress of outside air into the pipeline, and the water vapor movement control module moves in one direction. In addition to preventing surface contamination due to the use of an air filter, the mechanism and configuration promotes contamination inside the pipeline and suppresses intrusion of water vapor from the outside air into the pipeline as much as possible.

FIG. 15 is a plan view of the upper humidity control device as seen from the top.
As a measure against bird damage, if the bird stays on the upper surface of the upper humidity control device and the upper surface of the mantle 14 is soiled by fecal urine or the like, the air passage 15a or the like is soiled and the main humidity placed at a high wind speed position. There is a possibility that the fixing plate 12, the heat insulating film 12-3, the small humidity fluctuation suppressor 11 and the like, which are the main parts of the adjusting device, are soiled.
Further, as an effect of the mantle 14, there is heat insulation and protection from direct sunlight, but these are designed to follow a temperature change calculated thermally. These thermal designs can be disturbed by long-term fouling of birds such as feces and urine.
Furthermore, it is conceivable that the mounting screw 14a of the mantle may be damaged by feces such as birds and urine.
Therefore, a packing is arranged on the mounting screw 14a to prevent water damage and prevent the damage of the pollutant material caused by bird damage from entering the apparatus, and a pictorial diagram as shown in FIG. can do. Further, the color tone of the eye-like pattern shown in FIG. 15 can be freely used, for example, dark red, infrared rays, ultraviolet reflective paints, etc., as the color tone which raptors and crows dislike.

  The present invention can be used as a humidity management device for a long steel pipe / duct with a large inner diameter, a metal box installed outdoors, a residential space, a ceiling space, a plant nursery room, an animal breeding room, etc. It can be widely used as a dehumidifying device, a humidifying device, a humidity fluctuation suppressing device, a dew condensation prevention device, a rust generation prevention device due to condensation / humidity, or the like.

T Main pillar W Upper humidity fluctuation suppression device (humidity adjustment device)
L Lower Humidity Fluctuation Control Device M Intermediate Humidity Fluctuation Control Device 1 Hollow tube d Gap 1a, 1b Flange 1c Internal space 1d Bolt hole 2 Concrete foundation 10 Cap body 10a Flange 10b Small hole 10c Bolt hole 10d Packing 10e Screw hole 10f Internal space 11 Small humidity fluctuation suppressor (water vapor movement controller)
11a, 11b, 11c Waterproof permeable membrane 11d Communicating tube 11e Mesh 11f Outer chamber 11g Inner chamber 11h Packing 12 Fixing plate 12-1 Holding plate 12-2 Holding plate 12-3 Heat insulating membrane 12a Locking hole 12b Mounting screw 12c Spring 12d Connecting screw 12e Spacer 12f Packing 13 Mesh net 14 Mantle 14a Mounting screw 14b Heat insulating coating 15a, 15b, 15c Air passage 17 Drain plates 18a, 18b, 18c Ground wire 19 Auxiliary inclined ring 20a, 20b, 20c Waterproof permeable membrane 20d Communication Tube 20d ₁ Inner tube 20e Mesh 20f Outer small chamber 20g Inner small chamber 20h Communication pipe 20i Drainage body 20k Drainage channel 20l Presser washer 20m Drainage hole

Claims (6)

  A plurality of small holes smaller than the diameter of the communication port between the chamber and the cylinder are provided on the outer peripheral wall surface of the cylinder that is attached so as to communicate with the non-open chamber space for adjusting the humidity and the inside is a bag space. Attach the small hole to the hole and a communication tube with one end communicating with the outside air, and three waterproof permeable membranes separated by a predetermined distance in the air passage inside the communication tube. A humidity control apparatus, wherein a water vapor movement controller that controls the movement of water vapor is formed for each small hole, and the indoor humidity is controlled by a plurality of water vapor movement controllers attached to each small hole.   The inner end of the communicating cylinder of each water vapor transfer controller is slidably fitted into a small hole with a step inside, and an annular packing is interposed between the inner part and the step of the small hole. The humidity adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein a fixing plate that locks the outer end of the tube is elastically supported via a spring that urges the fixing plate toward the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body.   A mesh net is provided on the outer side of the fixed plate at a predetermined interval, and the outer surface of the cylindrical body, the water vapor movement controller, the outer plate covering the inner side of the fixed plate and the mesh net are provided on the cylindrical body, The humidity adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein a ventilation path is provided between the inside and outside air.   4. The humidity adjusting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the mantle and the cylinder are made of a current-carrying material, and the mantle and the cylinder are grounded to the ground for lightning protection.   The water vapor movement controller is not formed in a part of the small holes provided in the cylindrical body, and the number of the water vapor movement controllers is adjusted by attaching a plug body that closes the hole of the small hole to the small hole. The humidity adjusting apparatus according to any one of the above.   The waterproof permeable membrane on the outside air side of the three waterproof permeable membranes of the water vapor movement controller consists of a waterproof permeable membrane made of hygroscopic nonwoven fabric, and the inner waterproof permeable membrane is more permeable than the outside air side The waterproof permeable membrane is a waterproof permeable membrane having a higher permeability than the inner side and the outside air side, and the degree of change in hygroscopicity with time does not change. The humidity adjusting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water vapor movement controller suppresses humidity fluctuation in the room using a combination film.

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