JP2010233526A - Method for protecting ridge surface - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple and effective method for protecting a ridge surface using a biodegradable mulching film and cover plants, which enables energy saving in weed control. <P>SOLUTION: The method for protecting a ridge surface includes using cover plants, in particular centipedegrass and/or wild lawn, includes: a step of weeding a ridge; a step of spreading the biodegradable mulching film such as, in particular, a film made of at least one selected from aliphatic polyester resin and aliphatic/aromatic polyester resin, over the ridge; a step of fixedly planting the cover plants; and a step of applying a decomposition accelerator, specifically hydrolase and/or oxidative decomposition enzyme to the biodegradable mulching film. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for protecting a bank by using a biodegradable multifilm and a coated plant. In addition, the shore is an elongate land portion at the edge of the field that is used for purposes other than the cultivation that is the original use of the field. Etc.

  If left on the shore, weeds will grow as much as you want. Weeds usually grow taller than grass, making it difficult for them to pass on the shore, adversely affecting work using agricultural machinery, mixing in crops at harvest, pest propagation, There are problems such as deterioration, and weed control is indispensable for the maintenance of the bank.

  Weed control is a method that has been practiced for a long time by mowing and has a low impact on the environment such as agricultural products and soil. However, the mowing work takes time and effort, and on the shores of the slope, there is a drawback that even if a mowing machine is used, it becomes a heavy labor. As the population of farmers is declining and the population is aging, it is important to consider how to save labor in the future.

  For example, there is a method in which weeds are wiped out by periodically using a herbicide. However, there is a risk of herbicides affecting workers, crops and the environment, and removing all of the weeds will expose the topsoil, which can easily be eroded by wind and rain, causing soil runoff. However, it may lead to the collapse of the shore. Moreover, it is not preferable in terms of scenery.

  On the other hand, the shore is covered with a concrete structure, a hard plastic molded article, or the like. Although it is preferable in terms of weed control and shore stabilization, the height, slope, etc. of the shore varies, so it is a unit to simply apply a structure made of a certain size to the shore. However, the smaller the unit, the smaller the merit of labor saving. In addition, on the shore located at the border with the paddy field of an adjacent other house, there is a problem that construction cannot be performed without agreement of the other house, and further, the influence of chemical components flowing out from the structure on the environment. Therefore, it cannot be applied to any shore.

  In addition, there is a method to suppress the growth of weeds by covering the shore with a multi-film made of a non-biodegradable synthetic resin such as polyethylene resin, but it is deteriorated by sunlight, and in order to maintain the weed control effect You need to replace the multifilm every year.

  As a technique for solving the above problems, attempts have been made in recent years to plant weeds with low plant heights such as turf grass and have a soil conservation effect to control weeds. When this method is adopted, it is necessary to maintain and manage so that weeds do not grow during the period from seeding or seedling planting until the coated plant grows and covers the shoreline.

  Patent Document 1 introduces a method in which a base plant that exhibits a continuous weed suppression effect and a preceding plant that exhibits a weed suppression effect are used together until the base plant sufficiently grows.

  Patent Document 2 describes a method in which a sheet having water permeability, air permeability, and herbicidal properties is covered on the shore, culture soil is placed thereon, and a covered plant is planted.

  Further, Non-Patent Document 1 describes a method of covering a shore with paper mulch, biodegradable mulch or photodegradable mulch, cutting the multi-sheets at regular intervals, and planting cell-molded seedlings. .

  However, each of the first two methods has insufficient weed control effect until the coated plant grows, and the last one method has a weed control effect until the coated plant grows. Since the growth of the coated plant is suppressed until the multi-sheet is decomposed, there is a disadvantage that it takes time until the coated plant covers the shore surface.

JP 2005-328744 A JP 2005-328996 A

Masahiro Kato “Cove and slope covering method using centipede glass” Co-sponsored by Chiba Prefectural Agricultural Research Center and Japan Landscaping Construction Association, “New Greening Technology Workshop” 2005

  Therefore, the present invention provides a simple and effective method for protecting a shoreline, which can save labor for weed control in a shoreline protection method using a biodegradable multifilm and a coated plant. And

  The present invention provides a method for protecting a shoreline using a coated plant, a step of treating a shoreline weed, a step of spreading a biodegradable multi-film on the shoreline, a step of planting a coated plant, A method for protecting a shore surface comprising the step of applying a decomposition accelerator to a biodegradable multi-film.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said covering plant is a centipede grass and / or a wild grass.

  The biodegradable resin constituting the biodegradable multifilm is preferably composed of at least one selected from an aliphatic polyester resin and an aliphatic-aromatic polyester resin.

  Furthermore, the degradation accelerator is preferably an aqueous solution containing a hydrolase and / or an oxidative degradation enzyme.

  According to the shoreline protection method of the present invention, since the number of times the herbicide is used is small, it is possible to reduce the influence on workers, crops, and the environment. In addition, it can be applied regardless of the shape of the shoreline, the inclination angle, etc., and the labor for laying is simple and economical. Moreover, since a biodegradable multifilm can be decomposed | disassembled according to the growth of a covering plant, it does not unnecessarily prolong the required period until the covering of a shore surface without inhibiting growth. Furthermore, by weeding out weeds, weeds can be prevented from being mixed into the harvest and the generation of pests.

It is the schematic diagram which showed the example of perforation to the multi film used in this invention. It is the schematic diagram which showed another example of perforation to the multi film used in this invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described.

  The present invention provides a method for protecting a shoreline using a coated plant, a step of treating a shoreline weed, a step of spreading a biodegradable multi-film on the shoreline, a step of planting a coated plant, A method for protecting a shore surface comprising the step of applying a decomposition accelerator to a biodegradable multi-film.

  The weed treatment may be performed with a mower or a commercially available herbicide may be used. As the herbicide, any conventionally known one used for controlling weeds on the shores of paddy fields can be used, and is not particularly limited. For example, 2,4-PA solution, DCMU wettable powder, DPA aqueous solution, MCPA sodium salt solution, ashram solution, glyphosate ammonium salt solution and aqueous solvent, glyphosate isopropylamine salt solution and aqueous solvent, glyphosate potassium salt solution, glufosinate solution , Diquat paraquat solution, bialaphos solution and aqueous solvent, bispyribac sodium salt solution, fluazifop and fluazifop P emulsion, chlorate aqueous solvent, spreading agent.

  After treating the weeds, a biodegradable multi-film is spread on the shore.

  As the biodegradable resin constituting the biodegradable multifilm, any conventionally known biodegradable resin can be used as long as it has thermoplasticity and can be made into a soft film, and is not particularly limited. . Examples include aliphatic polyesters, aliphatic-aromatic polyesters, polyhydroxycarboxylic acids, polylactones, and polyester-carbonates. It is characterized by having an ester group in the structure.

  More specifically, as the aliphatic polyester, polyethylene succinate, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate adipate; as aliphatic-aromatic polyester resin, polybutylene adipate terephthalate; as polyhydroxycarboxylic acid, Lactic acid, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyhydroxybutyrate / hydroxyvalerate; Examples of polylactone include polycaprolactone.

  The multi film preferably has a function of shielding sunlight to prevent the growth of weeds, and pigments such as black, green and white are blended. The multi-film can be not only a single layer but also a plurality of layers. In that case, the same color pigment may be used for each layer, or different colors may be used.

  Furthermore, various additives such as fillers such as calcium carbonate, lubricants and antiblocking agents can be added as necessary.

  When laying a multi-film, use a T-shaped stake to prevent the film from flying or fluttering in the wind. Secure the film. As another method, there is also a method of driving a pile in an opening for planting a seedling of a covered plant as described later. The number of holes should be as small as possible, as weeds may grow when sunlight enters through the holes opened by the piles. Also, if the seedlings or stems that grow are submerged under the film, they will die. The latter method is preferable because both problems can be solved simultaneously.

  Moreover, the pile which fixes a multi film needs to be removed, after decomposition | disassembly of a multi film progresses and a covering plant grows moderately simultaneously. Therefore, when using what was previously processed into a T-shape, the overgrown covered plant may become an obstacle and the removal work may be difficult. In order to perform removal work smoothly, it is good to use the bar | burr which presses down a pile main body and a multi film as a separate body, for example, using what was engaged using the ring-shaped member. The shape of the member is not limited to the ring shape, and may be S-shaped or C-shaped, and any shape can be used as long as it can engage the pile body and the bar. Furthermore, it is not necessary to be molded into a specific shape, and a string-like or strip-like member may be used. The member can be used regardless of the type of material. A highly rigid material such as metal, wood, or hard plastic may be used, or a soft material such as rubber, elastomer, or soft plastic may be used. Among them, if the same kind of biodegradable resin as that of the multi-film is used, the member is also decomposed as the multi-film is decomposed.

  As the covering plant, turfgrass such as centipede grass, wild turf, Miyako turf, and Drosophila; other Shibazakura, Himewadareso, white clover, red clover, shukkon verbena, pine bug, etc. can be used. Turfgrass is preferred from the viewpoint of labor and reproduction, and centipede grass is the most preferred.

  The covered plant may be seeded directly or seeded with cell seedlings (or pit seedlings: registered trademark of Takii Seed Co., Ltd.). Cell seedlings are those in which soil is laid on a tray divided into a predetermined number and grown as 1 to 5 seedlings in each section, and are used separately for each section.

  Prior to the laying of the multi-film, the soil can be loosened and soil improvement such as fertilization and watering can be performed on the shore where the covered plant is sown and / or planted.

After laying the multifilm, holes for sowing and / or planting are drilled. Perforation density may be implemented so as to be 10 to 30 / ^{m 2.} If the density is 10 pieces / m ² or more, it is sufficient to cover the shore, and if it exceeds 30 pieces / m ² , the required time to cover is shortened, but it is not economical. If the holes are arranged in a staggered manner so that adjacent rows are staggered, the coated plants can be propagated efficiently and evenly. Moreover, you may perforate a multifilm beforehand before laying. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a drilling example. In this example, the holes 2 were punched in the multi-sheet 1 at equal intervals and in a staggered manner. In the figure, the hole has a rectangular shape, but can be drilled regardless of the shape. For example, circular, elliptical, star-shaped, polygonal, linear, polygonal or curved slits, and cross slits may be mentioned.

  In addition, on the inclined surface (slope), since the stems (runners) extend downward, the density on the upper side of the inclined surface is higher than that on the inclined surface. It is possible to coat the shore efficiently. Furthermore, it is possible to uniformly cover the holes by arranging them in a staggered manner so that the adjacent rows of holes do not overlap in the direction of the inclination. FIG. 2 shows an example in which the perforation density is changed. The upper end of the figure is high density, and the lower the end is, the lower the density is. As described above, when applied to a slope, it is preferable that the high density side is placed above the slope.

After laying the multifilm, sowing and / or planting cell seedlings in the holes. After that, a pile for fixing the film is driven into the hole. It is preferable that the driving density be 10 to 30 / m ² . The piles may be driven into all holes or some holes. In order to fix efficiently, it is preferable to drive in evenly, but since the edge part of a film tends to flutter, it is more preferable to increase the driving density of the edge part.

  Thereafter, the growth of the coated plant is observed, and when the runner reaches the adjacent hole, the decomposition accelerator is sprayed from the multifilm.

  As the decomposition accelerator, an aqueous solution of an enzyme agent is used. As the enzyme agent, a hydrolase and / or an oxidative degradation enzyme is preferably used. More specifically, examples of the hydrolase include lipase, esterase, and protease; examples of the oxidative degradation enzyme include peroxidase, monooxygenase, and dioxygenase. Since most biodegradable resins have ester bonds, it is preferable to use esterase. Moreover, these enzyme agents may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type by the possible combination.

  The range of pH in which the enzyme in the decomposition accelerator is activated is determined. Therefore, pH adjustment is required depending on the enzyme to be used, and an acid is generated by the decomposition and becomes acidic with the decomposition. Therefore, the decomposition accelerator must serve as a buffer. For example, if the pH is around 7, a buffer solution of sodium dihydrogen phosphate / disodium hydrogen phosphate is used.

  In addition, when the decomposition accelerator is spread on the multi-film, if the wettability with the film is poor, the decomposition acceleration action cannot be sufficiently exhibited. Therefore, it is preferable to add a substance that acts as a surfactant. The substance is not particularly limited as long as it is commercially available for adjusting agricultural chemicals.

  Furthermore, when the method for protecting a shore of the present invention is applied to an inclined surface, it is preferable to add a spreading agent so that the sprayed decomposition accelerator does not easily flow down. Any spreading agent can be used as long as it is commercially available for food and agrochemical adjustment. Examples thereof include polysaccharides such as carrageenan and pectin.

  The application amount of the decomposition accelerator is preferably 5 to 30%. If it is 5% or more, the degradation promoting effect of the biodegradable multifilm is sufficiently exhibited. Moreover, even if it exceeds 30%, there is no marked improvement in the decomposition promoting effect commensurate with the amount dropped.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the following examples, the following were used.
<Multi film 1>
Biodegradable resin composition comprising 100 parts by mass of biodegradable resin (aliphatic-aromatic polyester resin: “Ecoflex” manufactured by BASF), 10 parts by mass of carbon black, 2.5 parts by mass of talc, and 3 parts by mass of erucamide. A product was prepared, and a black biodegradable multifilm having a thickness of 20 μm and a width of 1350 mm was obtained using a single-layer inflation molding machine (die diameter 30 mm, processing temperature 160 ° C.).
<Multi film 2>
The biodegradable resin is biodegradable except that 65 parts by mass of an aliphatic-aromatic polyester resin (BASF "Ecoflex") and 35 parts by mass of an aliphatic polyester resin (Showa Polymer "Bionore # 1001") are used. A black biodegradable multifilm having a thickness of 20 μm and a width of 1350 mm was obtained in the same manner as the conductive multifilm 1.
<Multi film 3>
Polyethylene film (Okura Kogyo “Polymulti”, thickness 20 μm, width 1350 mm)
In the following examples, evaluation was performed as follows.
[Decomposition degree of film]
After completion of the test, an undecomposed film was immediately collected in the range of 1 m × 1 m of the center of the planted land of the covered plant, and the decomposition rate was determined based on the following formula and evaluated according to the following criteria.
[Decomposition rate] = ([1 m × 1 m film weight] − [Undecomposed film weight]) / [1 m × 1 m film weight] × 100%
○: Decomposition rate of 70% or more ×: Decomposition rate of less than 70% [Runner fixing degree]
After completion of the test, the area of the breeding area where the runner of the covered plant extended and rooted on the ground was calculated in the range of 1 m × 1 m of the center of the fixed planted area of the covered plant, and evaluated according to the following criteria.

○: Breeding area area 0.70 m ² or more ×: Breeding area area less than 0.70 m ^{2 The} test was performed as follows.

Weeded the weeds on the shore of the green soybean field (2.7m in height and 2m in width) in the Mobara area of Chiba Prefecture in May 2008 and applied the herbicide ("Round Up High Road" manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries). After diluting 100 times, spraying at a spraying amount of 50 ml / m ² , and scrubbing after 5 days to prepare the shore surface. The multi-film 1 is spread on the top, and the intervals are widened in the vertical direction (inclination direction) at intervals of 20 cm and at intervals of 20 cm at the top so that adjacent rows are staggered in the horizontal direction (contour lines direction). At the bottom, holes were made at intervals of 25 cm, and centipede grass cell seedlings were planted. Adjacent rows of film holders, each of which is a fixed-planting hole, are made of a wooden pile with a thickness of about 8 mm and a bamboo rod with a thickness of about 8 mm and a rubber ring with an inner diameter of 8 mm and a thickness of 3 mm. Was driven into a zigzag pattern. After planting, the plants were regularly sprinkled for growth management. On a sunny day in September of the same year when the centipede glass runner reached the adjacent planting position, cutinase, a kind of esterase, was used as a degradation accelerator on the multi-film, and the enzyme concentration was 10% by mass, a surfactant (Agro 1M sodium dihydrogen phosphate / disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution was adjusted to 1% by weight and 1% by weight of spreading agent (pectin), and the application amount was 300 ml / m ² . And sprayed. One month later, the degree of degradation of the biodegradable multifilm and the centipede glass runner fixation were confirmed. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

The test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the multifilm 2 was used. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[Comparative Example 1]
The test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the decomposition accelerator was not sprayed. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[Comparative Example 2]
The test was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the decomposition accelerator was not sprayed. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[Comparative Example 3]
The test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the multi-film 3 was used and the decomposition accelerator was not sprayed. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[Comparative Example 4]
The test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the multifilm 3 was used. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

  According to the shoreline protection method of the present invention, by covering the shoreline of cultivated land such as paddy fields and upland with covered plants, weeds are wiped out and stabilization of the shoreline is easily performed at low cost. be able to.

1 Multi film 2 Hole

Claims (4)

In the protection method of the shore using a covered plant,
A process for treating the weeds on the shore;
A process of spreading a biodegradable multi-film on the shore;
Sowing and / or planting the coated plant;
Applying a degradation accelerator to the biodegradable multifilm;
A method for protecting a shore surface characterized by comprising:   The said covering plant is a centipede grass and / or a wild grass, The protection method of the shoreline of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The biodegradable resin which comprises the said biodegradable multifilm consists of at least 1 sort (s) chosen from an aliphatic polyester resin and an aliphatic-aromatic polyester resin, The protection of the shore surface of Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. Method.   The method according to claim 3, wherein the degradation accelerator is an aqueous solution containing a hydrolase and / or an oxidative degradation enzyme.