JP2010230101A - Spherical slide structure and method for forming clearance thereof - Google Patents
Spherical slide structure and method for forming clearance thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
この発明は、本体部に対して球面部材を回転可能にした球面滑り構造とそのすき間形成方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a spherical sliding structure in which a spherical member is rotatable with respect to a main body portion and a method for forming a gap between the spherical sliding structure and the gap forming method.
この種の球面滑り構造として、特許文献１に記載されたロッドエンドの連結構造が従来から知られている。この従来のロッドエンドの連結構造は、球面部材である鋼球部を中子として本体部を鋳造し、鋼球部と本体部とを一体化するとともに、上記鋼球部にはスタッド部を設けている。
上記のようにして本体部と鋼球部とを一体化したら、その鋼球部のみを加熱する。そして、加熱によって鋼球部が膨張すれば、その膨張力で本体部が外方に押し広げられるが、本体部が塑性変形するまで鋼球部を加熱膨張する。
As this type of spherical sliding structure, a connecting structure of rod ends described in Patent Document 1 is conventionally known. In this conventional rod end connection structure, a steel ball part which is a spherical member is used as a core, the main body part is cast, the steel ball part and the main body part are integrated, and the steel ball part is provided with a stud part. ing.
If a main-body part and a steel ball part are integrated as mentioned above, only the steel ball part will be heated. And if a steel ball part expand | swells by heating, although a main-body part will be expanded outward with the expansion force, a steel ball part will be heated and expanded until a main-body part deforms plastically.
上記のように鋼球部の加熱膨張により本体部が塑性変形したら、これら鋼球部および本体部を冷却する。このように鋼球部および本体部を冷却すれば、鋼球部が冷却しつつ収縮するので、本体部と鋼球部との間にすき間ができるが、このすき間が本体部に対して鋼球部を回転可能にするものである。 If the main body is plastically deformed by the heat expansion of the steel ball as described above, the steel ball and the main body are cooled. If the steel ball part and the main body part are cooled in this way, the steel ball part shrinks while cooling, so there is a gap between the main body part and the steel ball part. The part can be rotated.
上記のようにした従来の球面滑り構造では、鋼球部のみを加熱するようにしているが、この鋼球部は本体部と一体化されているので、鋼球部のみを加熱することはほとんど不可能である。しかも、本体部に一体化された状態で鋼球部に焼き入れを施すので、十分な焼き入れができず、鋼球部の硬さも低くなりがちになる。また、鋼球部は熱変形などによって真球度も低下するので、鋼球部の回転やスタッド部の揺動の滑らかさにも劣る性能の低いロッドエンドの連結構造しか得られなかった。 In the conventional spherical sliding structure as described above, only the steel ball part is heated, but since this steel ball part is integrated with the main body part, it is almost impossible to heat only the steel ball part. Impossible. In addition, since the steel ball part is quenched in the state of being integrated with the main body part, sufficient quenching cannot be performed, and the hardness of the steel ball part tends to be low. In addition, since the sphericity of the steel ball part also decreases due to thermal deformation or the like, only a rod end connection structure having a low performance inferior to the smoothness of the rotation of the steel ball part and the swinging of the stud part can be obtained.
また、鋼球部を中子として本体部を鋳造して、鋼球部と本体部とを一体化しながら、鋼球部を保持する本体部を、その鋼球部に沿ってエアーハンマー等で叩いてすき間だしをする方法もある。しかし、エアーハンマー等で叩いてすき間だしをする方法は、そのすき間がバラ付くという問題があった。また、エアーハンマー等で叩くために、大きな騒音が発生するが、その騒音対策にもコストがかかるとともに、作業をする者にも身体的な負担が大きくなるという問題があった。 In addition, casting the main body part with the steel ball part as the core, integrating the steel ball part and the main body part, hitting the main body part holding the steel ball part with an air hammer or the like along the steel ball part There is also a way to make a gap. However, there is a problem in that the gap is uneven when using the method of hitting with an air hammer or the like. In addition, although a large noise is generated because it is struck with an air hammer or the like, there is a problem that it is costly to take measures against the noise and a physical burden is increased on the person who performs the work.
この発明の目的は、本体部と球面部材との間のすき間を正確に形成できるとともに、騒音なども発生しない球面滑り構造とそのすき間形成方法を提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a spherical sliding structure that can accurately form a gap between a main body portion and a spherical member, and that does not generate noise, and a method for forming the gap.
第１の発明は、本体部に球面部材を組み込んだ球面滑り構造において、上記球面部材に対して本体部の線膨脹係数を大きくするとともに、本体部は球面部材を中子として鋳造して本体部と球面部材とを一体化し、この一体化した本体部と球面部材とを冷却して、本体部をその弾性限度を超えて塑性変形領域まで収縮させ、それを常温に戻して本体部と球面部材との間にすき間を形成した点に特徴を有する。 According to a first aspect of the present invention, in the spherical sliding structure in which a spherical member is incorporated in the main body, the linear expansion coefficient of the main body is increased with respect to the spherical member, and the main body is cast by using the spherical member as a core. And the spherical member are integrated, the integrated main body portion and the spherical member are cooled, the main body portion exceeds its elastic limit, and is shrunk to a plastic deformation region, and is returned to normal temperature to return the main body portion and the spherical member. It is characterized in that a gap is formed between the two.
第２の発明は、本体部に球面部材を設けるとともに、この球面部材にスタッド部を設けたロッドエンドの連結構造の組み付け方法であって、上記球面部材に対して本体部の線膨脹係数を大きくするとともに、本体部は球面部材を中子として鋳造して本体部と球面部材とを一体化した後、この一体化した本体部と球面部材とを、本体部がその弾性限度を超えて塑性変形するまで収縮させる温度で冷却し、その後に、本体部と球面部材とを常温に戻して、本体部と球面部材との間にすき間を形成した点に特徴を有する。 A second invention is a method of assembling a rod end coupling structure in which a spherical member is provided on a main body portion and a stud portion is provided on the spherical member, and the linear expansion coefficient of the main body portion is increased with respect to the spherical member. At the same time, the main body is cast with a spherical member as the core to integrate the main body and the spherical member, and then the main body and the spherical member are plastically deformed with the main body exceeding its elastic limit. This is characterized in that the body portion and the spherical member are cooled to a normal temperature, and then a gap is formed between the body portion and the spherical member.
第３の発明は、上記球面部材は鋼製であり、上記本体部は亜鉛合金製である点に特徴を有する。
第４の発明は、本体部と球面部材とを一体化した状態で、それら両者をマイナス１５０度で冷却し、その後にこれら一体化した本体部と球面部材とを常温に戻した点に特徴を有する。
なお、この発明において、球面部材を中子として本体部を鋳造でき、かつ、本体部に対する球面部材の線膨張係数が小さければ、特に本体部および球面部材の材質は限定されない。例えば、本体部を合金製にして球面部材をセラミックスにするなど、材質上いろいろな組み合わせが考えられる。
The third invention is characterized in that the spherical member is made of steel and the main body is made of a zinc alloy.
The fourth invention is characterized in that in a state where the main body and the spherical member are integrated, both are cooled at minus 150 degrees, and then the integrated main body and the spherical member are returned to room temperature. Have.
In the present invention, the material of the main body part and the spherical member is not particularly limited as long as the main body part can be cast with the spherical member as the core and the linear expansion coefficient of the spherical member with respect to the main body part is small. For example, various combinations of materials are conceivable, such as the main body made of an alloy and the spherical member made of ceramic.
第１〜３の発明は、本体部を冷却して塑性変形させることによって、球面部材を挿入する本体部内面の形状を、球面部材の外形を転写した状態にできるので、それを常温に戻したときも、上記本体部内面の形状は球面部材の相似形になる。このように球面部材と本体部内面とが相似形を保って組み合わされるので、球面部材と本体部とのすき間の均一性は高精度に保たれる。
しかも、上記のように均一なすき間が保たれるにもかかわらず、その寸法管理がきわめて簡単にでき、その分、コストダウンを図ることができる。
In the first to third aspects of the invention, the shape of the inner surface of the main body portion into which the spherical member is inserted can be transferred to the outer shape of the spherical member by cooling and plastically deforming the main body portion. Sometimes, the shape of the inner surface of the main body is similar to that of a spherical member. Thus, since the spherical member and the inner surface of the main body are combined while maintaining a similar shape, the uniformity of the gap between the spherical member and the main body is maintained with high accuracy.
Moreover, although the uniform gap is maintained as described above, the dimensional management can be extremely simplified, and the cost can be reduced accordingly.
図１，２はこの発明の実施形態であるロッドエンドの連結構造を示すもので、本体部１に鋼製の球面部材２を保持させるとともに、この球面部材２にはスタッド部３を設けているが、これらの組み付け方法は次のとおりである。
まず、球面部材２は、軟鋼線材を球状に形成してそれに浸炭焼き入れをした真球度の高い軸受用の鋼球を使用している。この球面部材２に、炭素鋼製のスタッド部３を摩擦溶接してそれらを一体化し、ボールスタッドを形成する。
1 and 2 show a rod end coupling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. A steel spherical member 2 is held on a main body 1 and a
First, the spherical member 2 uses a steel ball for a bearing having a high sphericity obtained by forming a mild steel wire into a spherical shape and carburizing and quenching it. The spherical member 2 is friction welded with a
一方、上記本体部１は、鋳型内に球面部材２を中子として定置するとともに、この鋳型に亜鉛合金の湯を注入して成型されるものである。この段階では、本体部１と球面部材２とは固定化され、それらは相対回転できない状態になっている。
なお、図中符号４はキャップ、５はダストカバーである。
On the other hand, the main body 1 is formed by placing the spherical member 2 as a core in a mold and injecting zinc alloy hot water into the mold. At this stage, the main body 1 and the spherical member 2 are fixed, and they are in a state where they cannot rotate relative to each other.
In the figure,
そして、上記のようにして一体化された本体部１と上記ボールスタッドとを、保冷庫に入れるとともに、その後に、本体部１とボールスタッドとを液体窒素等の環境下で冷却して、本体部１が弾性限度を超えて塑性変形する領域まで収縮させる。言い換えると、本体部１をそれが弾性限度を超えて塑性変形する温度で冷却する。このように本体部１が弾性限度を超えて塑性変形した状態を一定時間保った後、本体部１および上記ボールスタッドを常温（２０°Ｃ）に戻す。 And while putting the main-body part 1 and the said ball stud integrated as mentioned above in a cool box, after cooling the main-body part 1 and a ball stud in environment, such as liquid nitrogen, The part 1 is contracted to a region where the elastic deformation exceeds the elastic limit. In other words, the main body 1 is cooled at a temperature at which it is plastically deformed beyond the elastic limit. After maintaining the state in which the main body portion 1 is plastically deformed exceeding the elastic limit in this manner for a certain time, the main body portion 1 and the ball stud are returned to room temperature (20 ° C.).
本体部１および上記ボールスタッドが常温（２０°Ｃ）に戻されれば、本体部１および球面部材２は再び膨脹するが、両者の線膨脹係数に差があるので、本体部１と球面部材２との間にすき間が形成される。このすき間が本体部１に対して球面部材２を回転可能にするものである。
しかも、上記したように本体部１は弾性限度を超えて塑性変形する領域まで収縮されているので、常温に戻して再び膨脹させても、すき間は安定したものとなる。
If the main body 1 and the ball stud are returned to room temperature (20 ° C.), the main body 1 and the spherical member 2 expand again, but there is a difference in the linear expansion coefficient between them, so the main body 1 and the spherical member A gap is formed between the two. This gap makes the spherical member 2 rotatable with respect to the main body 1.
In addition, as described above, since the main body 1 is shrunk to a region where it is plastically deformed beyond the elastic limit, the clearance becomes stable even if it is expanded again after returning to room temperature.
つまり、本体部１を冷却して塑性変形させることによって、球面部材２を挿入する本体部１の内面の形状を、球面部材２の真球度の高い外形状を転写した状態にできるので、それを常温に戻したときも、上記本体部１の内面の形状は球面部材２の相似形になる球面に形成される。このように球面部材２と本体部１の内面とが相似形を保って組み合わされるので、球面部材２と本体部１とのすき間の均一性は高精度に保たれる。 That is, by cooling and plastically deforming the main body 1, the shape of the inner surface of the main body 1 into which the spherical member 2 is inserted can be transferred to the outer shape having a high sphericity of the spherical member 2. Even when the temperature is returned to room temperature, the shape of the inner surface of the main body 1 is formed to be a spherical surface that is similar to the spherical member 2. Thus, since the spherical member 2 and the inner surface of the main body 1 are combined while maintaining a similar shape, the uniformity of the clearance between the spherical member 2 and the main body 1 is maintained with high accuracy.
上記実施形態によれば、熱処理によって、本体部１と球面部材２との間にすき間を形成するようにしたので騒音は一切発生しない。しかも、本体部１および球面部材２の両者を同時に熱処理するので、従来のように球面部材のみを加熱するといった難しい処理が不要になる。
その上、上記したように本体部１は弾性限度を超えて塑性変形する領域まで収縮されて、本体部１に原状態に復帰する弾性力が残存しないので、上記すき間は安定したものとなる。
According to the above embodiment, since the gap is formed between the main body 1 and the spherical member 2 by heat treatment, no noise is generated. In addition, since both the main body 1 and the spherical member 2 are heat-treated at the same time, a difficult process of heating only the spherical member as in the prior art becomes unnecessary.
In addition, as described above, the main body 1 is shrunk to a region where it is plastically deformed beyond the elastic limit, and the elastic force for returning to the original state does not remain in the main body 1, so that the gap is stable.
なお、本体部１を亜鉛合金で構成し、球面部材２を鋼で構成した場合に、それらの線膨脹係数は次のとおりである。
亜鉛合金からなる本体部１の線膨脹係数 27.4×10-6/°C（20°C）
鋼からなる球面部材２の線膨脹係数 11.7×10-6/°C（20°C）
In addition, when the main-body part 1 is comprised with a zinc alloy and the spherical member 2 is comprised with steel, those linear expansion coefficients are as follows.
Coefficient of linear expansion of body part 1 made of zinc alloy 27.4 × 10 -6 / ° C (20 ° C)
Coefficient of linear expansion of steel spherical member 2 11.7 × 10 -6 / ° C (20 ° C)
また、本体部１は上記線膨張係数を有する亜鉛合金とし、球面部材２は上記線膨張係数を有する鋼製で直径を２０mmにするとともに、一体化した本体部１と球面部材２とを常温からマイナス１５０°Cまで冷却し、その後に、常温に戻したとき、両者の間にほぼ０．０５ｍｍ程度のすき間がラジアル方向およびアキシアル方向のそれぞれに形成された。 The main body 1 is made of a zinc alloy having the above linear expansion coefficient, and the spherical member 2 is made of steel having the above linear expansion coefficient and has a diameter of 20 mm. When it was cooled to minus 150 ° C. and then returned to room temperature, a gap of about 0.05 mm was formed in both the radial direction and the axial direction between them.
上記のようにして形成されたすき間は均一になるとともに、熱処理で足りるので、厳密な寸法管理も必要としない。しかも、上記のように弾性限度を超えて塑性変形させてしまえば、後は、その温度に応じて上記すき間を自由に調整できることになる。 Since the gaps formed as described above are uniform and heat treatment is sufficient, strict dimensional control is not required. Moreover, if the plastic deformation is performed exceeding the elastic limit as described above, the gap can be freely adjusted according to the temperature.
本体部に対して球面部材を自由に回転させる自動車やバイクのリンク機構等に用いるのに最適である。 It is most suitable for use in an automobile or motorcycle link mechanism that freely rotates a spherical member with respect to the main body.
１ 本体部
２ 球面部材
３ スタッド部
1 Body part 2
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| JPS5047818A (en) * | 1973-08-30 | 1975-04-28 |
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| JPS5047818A (en) * | 1973-08-30 | 1975-04-28 |
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