JP2010228045A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool capable of reliably preventing the droplets of a cutting fluid or chips from jumping out through the gap formed at the portion where doors for closing openings are overlapped with each other. <P>SOLUTION: In this machine tool, a labyrinth structure 40 is formed at the position where the left end of a right door 11 is longitudinally overlapped with the right end of a left door 12. The labyrinth structure 40 forms a labyrinth-like gap using intercepting members 26, 35, 36. The intercepting member 35 is positioned at a generally right angle to the incident angle of the cutting fluid passing through the gap between the top end of the intercepting member 26 and the machine body side outer surface of the intercepting member 36. Since the cutting fluid is collided at a generally right angle to the surface of the intercepting member 35, the momentum of the cutting fluid is lost and the cutting fluid falls. Consequently, the droplets of the cutting fluid or chips are reliably prevented from jumping out through the gap formed at the portion where the right door 11 and the left door 12 are overlapped with each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool, and more particularly, to a machine tool including an opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes an opening of a cover surrounding a machine body with a door.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a machine tool includes a machine body that cuts a workpiece, and an iron base that serves as a base for the machine body. On the base, a box-shaped cover surrounding the machine body is provided. The cover protects the machine main body and prevents splashing of cutting fluid and chips scattered from the machining area of the machine main body from being scattered outside. An opening is provided in front of the cover. A door is provided in the opening. For example, there is a machine tool that opens and closes an opening by providing two doors in the opening and moving the two doors in parallel (see, for example, Patent Document 1). When one door is translated, the other door follows and translates. The operator can install the workpiece on the work table provided in the machine body by moving the two doors in parallel to open the opening.

  In a state in which the opening is closed by two doors, a gap is generated at a portion where the end portion of the first door and the end portion of the second door overlap. In order to prevent the spray and chips of the cutting fluid from splashing outward from the gap, for example, in the state where the cover opening is closed as in the conventional example shown in FIG. A labyrinth-like labyrinth structure 130 is formed in a portion where the right end portion of the door 120 overlaps. The labyrinth structure 130 includes a substantially U-shaped shielding member 111 provided at the left end portion of the right door 110 and a U-shaped shielding member provided at the right end portion of the left door 120 and disposed toward the inside of the shielding member 111. Member 121.

JP 2006-205337 A

  However, as shown in FIG. 7, depending on the assembly of the right door 110 and the left door 120, the gap in the labyrinth structure 130 may vary. If the gaps vary, the labyrinth structure 130 has a problem that the performance of preventing the cutting fluid and chips from scattering greatly decreases.

  When cutting with the tool of a blade, the cutting fluid hitting the tool strikes the right door 110 and the left door 120 together with the chips. The cutting fluid scatters along the surface of each door and jumps into the gaps in the labyrinth structure 130. In the gap of the labyrinth structure 130, a part of the splash of cutting fluid loses momentum and adheres to the surfaces of the right door 110 and the left door 120, but there is a possibility that it will bounce inside the labyrinth structure 130 and jump out of the cover. . Considering the variation in assembly of the right door and the left door, it is also necessary to secure a sufficient gap P3 between the shielding member 111 and the shielding member 121.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a machine tool that can surely prevent spraying of cutting fluid and chips from a gap formed in a portion where the door and the door that close the opening overlap each other. The purpose is to provide.

  To achieve the above object, a machine tool according to claim 1 is a machine tool comprising a base, a machine body provided on the base, and a box-shaped cover surrounding the machine body, An opening provided in the cover, a plurality of plate-shaped doors that move along the opening and open and close the opening, and one end of the door and the one end when the opening is closed And a labyrinth-shaped first labyrinth portion provided in a first gap sandwiched between one end of the other door adjacent to the door, and the first labyrinth portion is directed from the inside of the cover toward the first gap. A plate-like first shielding member is provided that is disposed at a right angle to the incident angle of the scattered cutting fluid into the first gap.

  In addition to the configuration of the invention according to claim 1, the machine tool according to claim 2 moves the door so that the first shielding member is directed from the one end of the door toward the one end of the other door. It is characterized by being inclined with respect to the direction.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the second aspect, the machine tool is parallel to the first shielding member and separated from the first shielding member inside the door. The arranged plate-like second shielding member is provided at the one end of the other door.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the third aspect of the present invention, the first labyrinth portion is arranged at a position closer to the door side than the second shielding member. At the one end of the door, and the first gap is a gap sandwiched between the second shielding member and the third shielding member, and the cutting fluid passes from the inside of the cover to the second shielding. By passing through the first gap sandwiched between the member and the third shielding member, the incident angle of the cutting fluid becomes perpendicular to the surface of the first shielding member.

  In addition to the configuration of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the machine tool according to claim 5 is adjacent to the one end of the door and the one end in a state where the opening is closed. A second labyrinth portion having a labyrinth shape is provided in a second gap sandwiched between the inner edge portion of the opening, and the second labyrinth portion is scattered from the inside of the cover toward the second gap. The plate-shaped 4th shielding member arrange | positioned at right angle with respect to the incident angle to a 2nd clearance gap is provided.

  In the door machine tool according to the first aspect, the opening provided in the cover opens and closes the opening by moving the plurality of doors along the opening. In a state where the opening is closed, a labyrinth-shaped first labyrinth portion is provided in a first gap sandwiched between one end of the door and one end of another door adjacent to the one end. The first labyrinth portion includes a first shielding member. Since the first shielding member is disposed at a right angle to the incident angle of the cutting fluid that scatters from the inside of the cover toward the first gap to the first gap, the portion where the door that closes the opening overlaps the door It is possible to reliably prevent the spray of cutting fluid and chips from jumping out from the gaps that can be made.

  In the machine tool according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 1, the first shielding member is inclined with respect to the moving direction of the door so as to go from one end of the door to one end of the other door. Therefore, by closing the door, the first shielding member can be disposed at right angles to the incident angle of the cutting fluid that scatters from the inside of the cover toward the first gap.

  Moreover, in the machine tool according to claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 2, a second shielding member is provided at one end of the other door. The second shielding member is positioned in parallel to the first shielding member and separated from the inside of the door with respect to the first shielding member. By the first shielding member and the second shielding member, a gap formed between one end of the door and one end of the other door can be formed into a maze. Since the second shielding member is parallel to the first shielding member, the first shielding member and the second shielding member can be prevented from coming into contact with each other even when the assembly of the plurality of doors varies.

  Further, in the machine tool according to claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 3, the first labyrinth portion includes a third shielding member at one end portion of the door. The third shielding member is located farther on the door side of the cover than the second shielding member. The cutting fluid passes through the first gap sandwiched between the second shielding member and the third shielding member from the inside of the cover. Since the angle of incidence of the cutting fluid is perpendicular to the surface of the first shielding member, it is possible to reliably prevent the spraying and cutting chips of the cutting fluid from jumping out.

  Further, in the machine tool according to claim 5, in addition to the effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in the state where the opening is closed, the one end of the door and the opening adjacent to the one end A labyrinth-like second labyrinth portion is provided in a third gap sandwiched between the inner edge portions. The second labyrinth part includes a fourth shielding member. Since the 4th shielding member is located at right angles to the incidence angle to the 2nd crevice of the cutting fluid which scatters toward the 2nd crevice from the inside of a cover, the door which closes an opening, and the inner edge of an opening are It is possible to reliably prevent the spray of cutting fluid and chips from jumping out from the gap formed in the overlapping portion.

1 is a perspective view of a machine tool 1 (a state in which an opening 10 is closed). 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool 1 (a state in which an opening 10 is opened). It is a front view of the front panel 5. FIG. It is AA arrow direction sectional drawing shown in FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of the labyrinth structure 40 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of arrows BB shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the conventional labyrinth structure.

  Hereinafter, a machine tool 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the X-axis direction of the machine tool 1 refers to the left-right direction of the machine tool 1 (in FIG. 1, the direction with the right door 11 and the left door 12 described later is the front of the machine tool 1), and the Y-axis direction. The term “machine tool 1” refers to the depth direction (front-rear direction), and the “Z-axis direction” refers to the machine tool 1 vertical direction.

  The configuration of the machine tool 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. The machine tool 1 moves a workpiece (not shown) and a tool (not shown) relative to each other to perform desired machining (for example, “milling”, “drilling”, “cutting”, etc.) on the workpiece. Apply. The machine tool 1 includes an iron base 2 serving as a base and a machine body provided on the upper portion of the base 2. A box-type splash cover 3 is provided on the base 2 to surround and protect the machine body. A control device 9 for controlling the operation of the machine tool 1 is provided on the back side of the splash cover 3.

  The base 2 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the base 2 has a shape extending in the Y-axis direction. At the four corners at the bottom of the base 2, legs that can be adjusted in height are provided.

  The splash cover 3 will be described. The splash cover 3 has a box shape. A substantially rectangular opening 10 is provided in the approximate center of the front panel 5 of the splash cover 3. The opening 10 is provided with a right door 11 and a left door 12 that slide in the left-right direction. The right door 11 and the left door 12 are inner surfaces of the front panel 5 and move along guide rails (not shown) provided along the vicinity of the upper inner edge of the opening 10 and the vicinity of the lower inner edge. . The right door 11 closes the right half of the opening 10 (the right half when the front panel 5 is viewed from the front). The left door 12 closes the left half of the opening 10 (the left half when the front panel 5 is viewed from the front). When the front panel 5 is viewed from the front, the right door 11 is located on the back side, and the left door 12 is located on the near side (operator side). The right door 11 and the left door 12 have windows 11A and 12A through which the machine body can be viewed from the outside of the machine tool 1 at the center. The windows 11A and 12A are formed of a transparent reinforced resin material that can withstand contact with cutting fluid and chips.

  A handle 11 </ b> B is provided at the lower right side of the front surface of the right door 11. When the right door 11 is moved to the left side by the handle 11B with the opening 10 closed (see FIG. 1), the left door 12 also moves to the left following the movement as shown in FIG. Part 10 opens. An operator attaches / detaches a workpiece to / from a table 8 (described later) installed on the base 2 through the opened opening 10.

  As shown in FIG. 3, an operation panel 17 for setting a machining program of the machine tool 1 and parameters is provided on the right side of the opening 10 in the front panel 5. The operation panel 17 is connected to the control device 9 via wiring (not shown).

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the right side wall of the splash cover 3 is provided with an opening 14 for performing maintenance of the machine body. A plate-shaped inspection hatch 15 is detachably attached to the opening 14. A cable bear 27 (to be described later), a magazine motor 18 of the tool changer 6, and the like protrude from the upper portion of the splash cover 3 where the splash cover 3 opens.

  The machine body will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the machine body includes a columnar column (not shown) fixed to the rear of the upper surface of the base 2, a spindle head (not shown) provided so as to be movable up and down along the front side of the column, A spindle (not shown) provided below the spindle head and a tool changer 6 (ATC) supported on the front side of the spindle head are provided. The tool changer 6 grips a plurality of tools and automatically changes a tool attached to the spindle. A table 8 that is movable in the XY-axis direction is provided on the upper portion of the base 2. In the vicinity of the upper portion of the spindle head, a cable bear 27 for performing wiring processing of the spindle head is provided.

  The labyrinth structures 40 and 60 formed by the right door 11 and the left door 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, when the opening 10 of the splash cover 3 is closed by the right door 11 and the left door 12, the left end of the right door 11 and the right end of the left door 12 are A labyrinth-like labyrinth structure 40 is formed at a position corresponding to the approximate center of the opening 10 that overlaps in the front-rear direction. The labyrinth structure 40 configures a gap formed in a maze shape in a portion where the left end portion of the right door 11 and the right end portion of the left door 12 overlap in the front-rear direction.

  A labyrinth-like labyrinth structure 60 is formed at a position corresponding to the left end of the opening 10 where the left end of the left door 12 and the left inner edge of the opening 10 overlap each other. The labyrinth structure 60 forms a labyrinth-like gap formed in a portion where the left end portion of the left door 12 and the left inner edge portion of the opening portion 10 overlap in the front-rear direction. The labyrinth structures 40 and 60 prevent the cutting fluid and chips scattered from the machining area of the main shaft from leaking to the outside.

  The structure of the left end portion of the right door 11 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the panel member 22 forming the left end portion of the right door 11 has a crank-shaped holding member 23 bent to the machine body side at the right end thereof. The holding member 23 and the panel member 22 hold the window 11A. The left end portion of the panel member 22 is provided with a support end 22A that is refracted substantially at a right angle toward the side opposite to the machine body.

  A plate-like stopper member 24 is fixed to the outer surface of the support end 22A that is refracted. When the opening 10 is opened by moving the right door 11 and the left door 12, the stopper member 24 hits a cover-side stopper portion (not shown) provided near the left edge of the opening 10. The movement of the right door 11 is restricted. On the inner side where the support end 22A is refracted, a plate-shaped shielding member 26 having one end fixed to the inner surface of the support end 22A and the other end opposite to the one end extending toward the right front is provided. Provided.

  The structure of the right end portion of the left door 12 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the panel member 32 forming the right end portion of the left door 12 has a crank-shaped holding member 33 bent to the machine main body side at the left end thereof. The holding member 33 and the panel member 32 hold the window 12A. The right end of the panel member 32 is provided with a support end 32A that is refracted at a substantially right angle toward the machine main body.

  On the inner side where the support end 32A is refracted, there is provided a plate-like shielding member 35 having one end fixed to the inner surface of the support end 32A and the other end extending obliquely left rearward. The shielding member 35 is parallel to the shielding member 26 provided at the left end of the right door 11 and is positioned with a predetermined gap P1 on the right door 11 side. On the inner surface of one end side of the shielding member 35 fixed to the inner surface of the support end 32A, a plate-shaped shielding member 36 that is fixed at one end side and bent toward the left side by bending the other end side at a substantially right angle. Provided.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the tip of the shielding member 26 provided on the right door 11 extends toward a gap formed between the shielding member 35 and the shielding member 36 provided on the left door 12. The shielding members 26, 35, 36 constitute a labyrinth-like gap in the labyrinth structure 40. A gap P <b> 1 is provided between the shielding member 26 of the right door 11 and the shielding member 35 of the left door 12 in consideration of variations in assembly of the right door 11 and the left door 12. A gap Q1 is provided between the tip of the shielding member 26 and the outer surface of the shielding member 36 on the machine body side. The gap Q1 is adjusted so that the incident angle of the cutting fluid with respect to the surface of the shielding member 35 becomes a right angle.

  The structure of the left end portion of the left door 12 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the panel member 38 forming the left end portion of the left door 12 has a crank-shaped holding member 37 bent to the machine main body side at the right end thereof. The holding member 37 and the panel member 38 hold the window 12A. The left end portion of the panel member 38 is provided with a support end 38A that is refracted at a substantially right angle toward the side opposite to the machine body.

  On the inner side where the support end 38A is refracted, a plate-shaped shielding member 39 is provided which has one end fixed to the inner surface of the support end 38A and the other end extending obliquely forward to the right.

  The structure of the left inner edge portion of the opening 10 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the panel member 52 forming the front panel 5 includes a support end 52 </ b> A that is refracted substantially at right angles toward the machine main body at the right end.

  On the inner side where the support end 52A is refracted, a plate-shaped shielding member 55 is provided that has one end fixed to the inner surface of the support end 52A and the other end extending obliquely rearward to the left. The shielding member 55 is parallel to the shielding member 39 provided at the left end of the left door 12 and is positioned with a predetermined gap P2 on the left door 12 side. On the inner surface of one end side of the shielding member 55 fixed to the inner surface of the support end 52A, a plate-shaped shielding member 56 is provided that is fixed at one end side and bent toward the left side by bending the other end side substantially at a right angle. Provided.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the distal end portion of the shielding member 39 provided on the left door 12 extends toward a gap formed between the shielding member 55 provided on the left inner edge portion of the opening 10 and the shielding member 56. is doing. The shielding members 39, 55, and 56 constitute a labyrinth-like gap in the labyrinth structure 60. A gap P <b> 2 is provided between the shielding member 39 of the left door 12 and the shielding member 55 at the left inner edge of the opening 10 in consideration of variations in the relative positions of the left door 12 and the opening 10. A gap Q2 is provided between the tip of the shielding member 39 and the outer surface of the shielding member 56 on the machine body side. The gap Q2 is adjusted so that the incident angle of the cutting fluid with respect to the surface of the shielding member 55 becomes a right angle.

  A description will be given of a cutting fluid scattering path (path K in FIG. 5) in the labyrinth structure 40 with reference to FIG. Note that the labyrinth structure 60 has the same shape as the labyrinth structure 40, and all of the scattering paths of the cutting fluid are the same path. Therefore, the labyrinth structure 40 will be described here, and the description of the labyrinth structure 60 will be omitted.

  The cutting fluid scatters from the machining area around the main spindle of the machine body in a state containing chips. For example, when the cutting fluid hits a tool attached to the main shaft, a part of the cutting fluid collides with the inner surface of the left door 12 and scatters toward the labyrinth-like gap of the labyrinth structure 40. The cutting fluid passes through a gap Q1 between the tip of the shielding member 26 and the outer surface of the shielding member 36 on the machine body side. The cutting fluid that does not pass through the gap Q1 stops and drops when entering the space where the shielding member 36 is refracted or the space surrounded by the shielding member 36 and the support end 22A.

  The shielding member 35 is positioned so as to be substantially perpendicular to the incident angle of the cutting fluid that has passed through the gap Q1. That is, the incident angle of the cutting fluid that has passed through the gap Q <b> 1 is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the shielding member 35. Since the cutting fluid collides with the surface of the shielding member 35 at a substantially right angle, the kinetic energy of the cutting fluid can be effectively reduced. The cutting fluid colliding with the surface of the shielding member 35 collides with the outer surface of the shielding member 36 at a different angle. A part of the cutting fluid colliding with the outer surface of the shielding member 36 loses momentum and falls, and the other changes the angle and enters the space surrounded by the shielding member 36 and the support end 22A so that the momentum stops and falls. . Therefore, it is possible to surely prevent the spray of cutting fluid and chips from flying out from the gap formed at the portion where the right door 11 and the left door 12 that close the opening 10 overlap.

  Since the shielding member 26 of the right door 11 and the shielding member 35 of the left door 12 are both inclined and parallel to each other, the dimensions of the right door 11 and the left door 12 in the opening / closing direction, the right door 11 and the left door It is possible to suppress interference due to variations in the 12 assemblies. A gap P1 provided between the shielding member 26 of the right door 11 and the shielding member 35 of the left door 12 can be designed to be smaller than the size of the conventional gap P3 shown in FIG. The same applies to the gap P2 in the labyrinth structure 60.

  As described above, in the machine tool 1 according to the present embodiment, in the state where the opening 10 of the splash cover 3 is closed by the right door 11 and the left door 12, the left end of the right door 11 and the left door 12 A labyrinth-like labyrinth structure 40 is formed at a position corresponding to the approximate center of the opening 10 where the right end overlaps with the front and rear. At the left end of the right door 11, a plate-shaped shielding member 26 that extends obliquely forward to the right is provided. At the right end of the left door 12, a plate-shaped shielding member 35 extending toward the left diagonally rear and a plate-shaped shielding member 36 extending toward the left side are provided. The tip of the shielding member 26 provided on the right door 11 extends toward a gap formed between the shielding member 35 and the shielding member 36 provided on the left door 12.

  The shielding members 26, 35, and 36 constitute a maze-like gap. The shielding member 35 is positioned so as to be substantially perpendicular to the incident angle of the cutting fluid that has passed through the gap Q1 between the tip of the shielding member 26 and the outer surface of the shielding member 36 on the machine body side. That is, the incident angle of the cutting fluid that has passed through the gap Q <b> 1 is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the shielding member 35. Since the cutting fluid collides with the surface of the shielding member 35 at a substantially right angle, the kinetic energy of the cutting fluid is effectively reduced. Therefore, it is possible to surely prevent the spray of cutting fluid and chips from flying out from the gap formed at the portion where the right door 11 and the left door 12 that close the opening 10 overlap.

  Similarly, in the labyrinth structure 60, in a state where the opening 10 is closed, it is possible to reliably prevent the spray of cutting fluid and chips from being ejected from the gap formed at the portion where the left door 12 and the inner edge of the opening 10 overlap. .

  In the above description, the labyrinth structure 40 shown in FIG. 4 corresponds to the “first labyrinth portion” of the present invention. The shielding member 35 corresponds to the “first shielding member” of the present invention. The shielding member 26 corresponds to the “second shielding member” of the present invention. The shielding member 56 corresponds to the “third shielding member” of the present invention. The gap Q1 corresponds to the “first gap” of the present invention. The labyrinth structure 60 shown in FIG. 6 corresponds to the “second labyrinth portion” of the present invention. The shielding member 55 corresponds to the “fourth shielding member” of the present invention. The gap Q2 corresponds to the “second gap” of the present invention.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made. In the above embodiment, the labyrinth structures 40 and 60 are configured in the gap that can be formed between the right door 11 and the left door 12 that open and close the opening 10 and the gap that can be formed in the inner edge portion of the opening 10 and the left door 12, respectively. However, only one of them may be provided.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine tool 3 Splash cover 5 Front panel 6 Tool change apparatus 8 Table 9 Control apparatus 10 Opening part 11 Right door 12 Left door 26 Shield member 35 Shield member 36 Shield member 39 Shield member 40 Labyrinth structure 55 Shield member 56 Shield member 60 Labyrinth Construction

Claims (5)

A machine tool comprising a base, a machine body provided on the base, and a box-shaped cover surrounding the machine body,
An opening provided in the cover;
A plurality of plate-shaped doors that move along the opening and open and close the opening,
In a state where the opening is closed, a labyrinth-shaped first labyrinth portion provided in a first gap sandwiched between one end of the door and one end of the other door adjacent to the one end,
The first labyrinth part is
A machine tool, comprising: a plate-like first shielding member disposed at a right angle to an incident angle of the cutting fluid scattered from the inside of the cover toward the first gap to the first gap.   2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the first shielding member is disposed to be inclined with respect to a moving direction of the door so as to go from the one end portion of the door to one end portion of the other door.   A plate-like second shielding member disposed parallel to the first shielding member and spaced from the first shielding member inside the door is provided at the one end of the other door. The machine tool according to claim 2. The first labyrinth part is
The one end portion of the door is provided with a third shielding member disposed on the door side away from the second shielding member,
The first gap is a gap sandwiched between the second shielding member and the third shielding member,
The cutting fluid passes through the first gap sandwiched between the second shielding member and the third shielding member from the inside of the cover, so that the incident angle of the cutting fluid is the surface of the first shielding member. The machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the machine tool is at a right angle to the machine tool. In a state where the opening is closed, a labyrinth-shaped second labyrinth portion is provided in a second gap sandwiched between one end of the door and the inner edge of the opening adjacent to the one end.
The second labyrinth part is
The plate-shaped 4th shielding member arrange | positioned at right angle with respect to the incident angle to the said 2nd clearance gap of the said cutting fluid scattered toward the said 2nd clearance gap from the inner side of the said cover is provided. The machine tool according to any one of 1 to 4.

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