JP2010220553A - Harvester of rhizome crop - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems of conventional rhizome crop harvester comprising difficult post-treating work of stems and leaves discarded on a film sheet covering a ridge, and complicate structure and necessity in switching work, etc., in the case of discarding the stems and leaves between right and left ridges. <P>SOLUTION: The harvester of rhizome crops is provided with a pulling conveyor 3 to pull out the rhizome crop by clamping the stem and leaf part L of the crop and transport the crop backward, a cutting part 4 to cut and separate the stem and leaf part L of the rhizome crop from a bulb B, and a bulb storage part 5. The harvester is further provided with a film sheet cutting device 8 positioned backside in traveling direction from a position to clamp the stem and leaf part L of the rhizome crop with the pulling conveyor 3 and cutting the film sheet F covering a ridge planted with the rhizome crop C in the traveling direction, and a sheet guide removing means 9 to guide the cut and separated film sheets FS to the right and left sides of the ridge. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a harvesting device for rhizome crops such as garlic. More specifically, the present invention relates to a harvesting device for an underground stem crop that digs up an underground stem crop such as garlic and separates the stem and leaf portion and the underground stem such as a bulb and then drops only the stem and leaf portion to a field and harvests the underground stem portion as a crop.

A harvesting device for rhizome crops such as garlic is pulled by a traveling device such as a tractor (not shown), and several rows are planted in one row while running on a running wheel between the bushes where the rhizome crops are planted as shown in the figure. While excavating the underground stalk crop, the ground foliage is transported diagonally up and back by a pulling conveyor obliquely installed from the front to the back of the traveling device, and the cutting part connects the bulb part and foliage part of the underground stalk crop. The space was cut and separated, the falling bulbs were collected and harvested, and the stems and leaves were discarded as they were on the straw from the rear of the device.
And most of the straw of such underground stalk crops such as garlic are usually covered with a film sheet, and the foliage is discarded on the straw (Prior Art 1).

  Therefore, as a foliage discharging device that discharges the cut foliage part to the intercostal space instead of on the multi film of the reed, a long reed shape that is fixed obliquely with either the left or right being high in the left-right direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction Discharge chute etc. were provided (prior art 2).

  Furthermore, as a harvesting device for known underground garlic crops such as garlic that discharges the cut foliage to the intercostal space, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-41159 (Prior Art 3) describes “garlic that can perform a smooth harvesting operation” Garlic made up of a conveyor unit that holds and removes the root cuttings and foliage of the rhizome crops, a cutting unit that cuts the foliage of the rhizome crops, and a container unit that stores the rhizome crops, etc. In this harvesting device, there is a disclosure of a harvesting device for garlic or the like characterized in that a vertical roller for forcibly discharging the cut foliage is provided at the terminal end of the conveyor. It has a vertical roller that forcibly ejects the foliage.

  In the prior art 3, “the foliage discharge motor 51 is provided for driving the foliage, and the foliage discharge conveyor 52 is driven. The foliage discharge conveyor 52 is provided and configured to discharge foliage in a direction orthogonal to the traveling direction. “The foliage discharge conveyor 52 can discharge either the left or right by changing the rotation direction of the foliage discharge motor 51”.

JP 2004-41159 A (Prior Art 3)

  When the foliage is discarded on the cocoon as in prior art 1, most of it is discarded on the film sheet covering the cocoon. However, rhizome crops such as garlic are usually 4 ridges, and the film sheet that covers the ridges is wide and the widthwise ends are buried in the soil. It is difficult to do the waste disposal work even if it is normal. Furthermore, when there are many stems and leaves that have fallen on the film sheet, there is a problem that the difficulty of the post-processing operation becomes greater (prior art 1).

  In order to solve such a problem of the prior art 1, the prior art 2 and the prior art 3 have a configuration in which the cut foliage is discarded on the ridges, that is, not on the film sheet. However, according to the prior art 2, since the harvesting device changes only in the left and right sides and the harvesting device changes the front-rear direction, there is a gap that is not discharged by the furrows, and the foliage that has fallen between the unworked and unharvested furrows is stepped on the traveling device As a result, it was difficult to travel and there were issues that hindered the harvesting work.

  Further, in the prior art 3, the left and right directions of the conveyor can be changed by the foliage discharge motor and discharged in order, but the harvesting device is called a discharge conveyor and a foliage discharge motor that drives the discharge conveyor forward and backward. In addition to the problem that a separate device is required or the operator or operator has to perform a left / right switching operation when changing the direction of the tractor, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is high.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a pulling conveyor that is obliquely inclined rearward from the traveling direction and sandwiches and removes the foliage part of the underground stem crop and conveys it backward,
A cutting part that is provided below the pulling conveyor and cuts and separates the bulb part and the foliage part of the underground stem crop while the extracted underground stem crop is being conveyed,
A bulb housing part provided below the cutting part;
A film sheet cutting device for cutting the film sheet covering the pods on which the underground stem crop is planted in the traveling direction from the position where the drawing conveyor sandwiches the foliage portion of the underground stem crop,
A rhizome crop harvesting device having sheet guide removing means for guiding each of the cut and separated film sheets in the width direction of the straw is proposed.

In addition, a pulling conveyor that is obliquely inclined backward from the front direction of travel and sandwiches and removes the foliage part of the underground stem crop and conveys it backwards,
A cutting part that is provided below the pulling conveyor and cuts and separates the bulb part and the foliage part of the underground stem crop while the extracted underground stem crop is being conveyed,
A bulb housing part provided below the cutting part;
A foliage portion discharge conveyor that is provided in parallel with the draw conveyor at a position above the draw conveyor, has a superposed portion on the end portion side of the draw conveyor, and extends further rearward from the end portion of the draw conveyor A film sheet cutting device for cutting the film sheet covering the pods on which the rhizome crops are planted, in the running direction, from the position sandwiching the part to the rear in the running direction;
Sheet guide removing means for guiding each of the cut and separated film sheets in the left-right direction of the ridge,
We propose a harvesting device for underground stalk crops that is cut by a cutting unit and transported by a foliage discharge conveyor to a surface of the culm from which a film sheet has been removed by a sheet guide removing means.

  Furthermore, the rhizome crop harvesting device described in the 0010 column or the 0011 column is proposed, in which the film sheet cutting device is a film sheet cutting device composed of a rotary cutter provided substantially at the center of the ridge width.

  According to the present invention, after the foliage is sandwiched between the drawing conveyor by the film sheet cutting device and the sheet guide removing means, the film sheet covering the ridge is cut, and further cut and separated, respectively. Since the sheet guide removing means guides the left and right sides of the ridge in the width direction and guides and gathers them in the vicinity of the ridge, the film sheet collecting operation after the harvesting operation becomes very easy. .

  Further, there is no need for a device for dropping a foliage section cut by a foliage discharge motor or the like as in the prior art 3 and the like, and the structure is simplified, the apparatus is less likely to break down, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

  Furthermore, it is not necessary for the driver or the like to perform forward / reverse driving of the discharge conveyor of the foliage when the direction of the tractor is changed, and the burden is reduced.

  Furthermore, since the foliage part is discharged directly to the soil surface of the cocoon, it is effective to increase the organic matter of the cocoon soil by eliminating the work of discarding the foliage part by instilling into the cocoon as it is.

Partially cutaway plan view of a rhizome crop harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention Same left side view Plane explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of the film sheet cutting device of the rhizome crop harvesting apparatus which is embodiment of this invention, and a sheet guide removal means Similarly, a partially cutaway left side view of the rhizome crop harvesting device Similarly, a partially cutaway left side view of the state where the rhizome crop harvester is harvesting

  FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway plan view of a rhizome crop harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a left side view of the same, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view showing the operation of a film sheet cutting apparatus and sheet guide removing means. 3 and FIG. 4 which is a partially cutaway left side view of the rhizome crop harvesting apparatus and FIG. 5 which is a left side view of the rhizome crop harvesting apparatus in the state of harvesting.

  A rhizome crop harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention harvests a rhizome crop such as garlic while traveling in the direction of the arrow by a traveling device such as a tractor (not shown). The rhizome crop harvesting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention travels on the ground G between two ridges on both sides of the ridge R on which the rhizome crop C is cultivated by the sled-like traveling unit 1 and is perpendicular to the traveling direction. The root part B of the underground stalk crop C such as garlic cultivated in the soil of the cocoon is dug up by the root cutting part 2 provided in the soil, and the foliage part of the underground stalk crop is provided by a plurality of rows, in this embodiment, the four rows of pulling conveyors 3. L is picked up and transported backward.

  Each of the pull-out conveyors 3 in one row consists of two conveyors obliquely arranged from the front direction to the rear side so that they face each other with the conveyor surface positioned in the vertical direction, and the front end is a height near the surface R. At this point, the foliage portion L of the underground stem crop C is sandwiched and extracted at the front end portion between the two conveyors and conveyed backward. A mud dropping unit 30 for removing mud from the root of the bulb B is provided below the intermediate position of each drawing conveyor 3. The mud dropping unit 30 removes the root of the bulb part B by providing a gear-like plate-like body on a rotatable rod-like body and rotating it.

  A cutting portion 4 is provided below the rear position of each drawing conveyor 3. One cutting part 4 is formed of a disk-shaped cutter, and cuts and separates between the bulb part B and the foliage part L of the rhizome crop C while the extracted rhizome crop C is conveyed by the drawing conveyor 3.

  The bulb part B of the rhizome crop C which has been cut and separated by the cutting part 4 is naturally dropped and stored in a box-shaped bulb containing part 5 having an open upper surface provided below the cutting part 4.

  The foliage portion L of the underground stem crop C that has been cut and separated by the cutting portion 4 is sandwiched by the foliage portion discharge conveyor 6 located above the pulling conveyor 3, conveyed further rearward, and dropped onto the foliage portion discharge chute 7.

  The foliage discharge conveyor 6 is provided in a plurality of rows as in the case of the extraction conveyor 3, and in this embodiment, 4 rows. Each foliage discharge conveyor 6 has a front end located in front of the cutting portion 4 and is provided above the extraction conveyor 3 in parallel with the extraction conveyor 3, and its end portion further extends from the end portion of the extraction conveyor 3. It extends rearward and is located above the foliage discharge chute 7. One row of foliage discharge conveyors 6 in a row is composed of two conveyors that are inclined obliquely from the front to the rear and have their respective conveyor surfaces positioned in the vertical direction and substantially in contact with each other.

  The foliage discharge chute 7 is made of a plate-shaped member or a bowl-shaped member, and has an upstream end positioned below the terminal end of the foliage discharge conveyor 6 and a downstream end positioned behind the bulb housing portion 5. Let

  The film sheet cutting device 8 is arranged so that the drawing conveyor 3 is located at the rear in the running direction from the position where the foliage portion L of the underground stem crop C is sandwiched, and is located at the approximate center in the width direction of the ridge R. And a cutter rotation motor 81. The rotary cutter 80 is a disk-shaped cutter provided with the rotary shaft 82 in the width direction and the horizontal direction.

  As another embodiment of the film sheet cutting device 8, the film sheet F may be cut by configuring the rotary cutter 80 to rotate by itself without providing the cutter rotation motor 81.

  The sheet guide removing means 9 is provided at the left and right positions in the traveling direction of the rotary cutter 80 and in the width direction, and includes a guide rake 90 and a support frame that supports the guide rake 90 by vertically arranging a plurality of claws or bars. 91.

  The support frame 91 is composed of two straight frames, and the front end portion 91a is provided symmetrically at the left and right horizontal positions in the running direction rear and width directions of the rotary cutter 80, and the rear end portion 91b is It is provided at a position corresponding to the left and right heel width end portions behind the front end portion 91a in the traveling direction. Accordingly, the left and right support frames 91 are provided such that the distance between them is the narrowest at the front end 91a and the widest rear end 91b.

  In this embodiment, the guide rake 90 of the sheet guide removing means 9 is provided with a total of four guide rakes 90 on the left and right support frames 91, two on each side. Each guide rake 90 is parallel to the direction of the support frame 91, and the lower end of each claw or bar of the guide rake 90 is provided at a position where it is inserted into the bag. The guide rake 90 has a configuration in which a plurality of claws or rods are vertically arranged as in this embodiment, and a configuration that can guide the cut and separated film sheet FS from the center of the heel width direction to the left and right end portions. For example, it may be composed of one or a plurality of plate-like bodies.

  Next, the operation of the rhizome crop harvesting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. A rhizome crop harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention harvests a rhizome crop such as garlic while running in the direction of an arrow by a running device such as a tractor (not shown).

  The entire surface of the ridge R is covered with a film sheet (multi-film) F, and four planting holes H corresponding to the position of the rhizome crop C generally planted in four rows are opened in the width direction. .

  The rhizome crop harvesting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is driven by the root cutting unit 2 while running on the ground G between the two ridges on both sides of the ridge R where the rhizome crop C is cultivated by the sled traveling unit 1. The bulb part B of the underground stalk crop C such as garlic cultivated in the soil of the straw is dug up, and the foliage part L of the underground stalk crop C is sandwiched and extracted by the four rows of the extraction conveyors 3 and conveyed backward.

  The film sheet cutting device 8 drives the cutter rotation motor 81 to rotate the rotary cutter 80. The rotating direction of the rotary cutter 80 rotates toward the traveling direction side at the upper part. When the rhizome crop harvesting device travels from the heel end by this rotation, the rotary cutter 80 starts cutting the center portion of the film sheet F in the cocoon R width direction on the line A in the cocoon R longitudinal direction.

  The cut film sheet F has the left and right end portions only at the beginning, and is positioned on the front surface of the guide rake 90 of the sheet guide removing means 9 to the rear end portion 91b position of the left and right support frames 91. Bring it in the width direction. When the operator positions the left and right film sheets FS that have been cut and separated in this manner, the left and right film sheets FS are then moved to the left and right guide rakes 90 as the rhizome crop harvesting apparatus travels. Guided to the front and guided to the end of the ridge R, that is, to the position of the ridge, and placed on the ground G of the ridge.

  Underground stem crops C conveyed by the respective pulling conveyors 3 are separated by cutting the bulb portion B and the foliage portion L by the cutting portion 4. The separated bulb part B falls naturally and is stored in the bulb housing part 5 and harvested.

  The foliage portion L of the underground stem crop C that has been cut and separated by the cutting portion 4 is sandwiched by the foliage portion discharge conveyor 6 located above the pulling conveyor 3 and conveyed further rearward. The rear end of the foliage portion discharge conveyor 6 It falls to the foliage discharge chute 7 from the part, slides on the chute slope, and falls from the rear of the bulb housing part 5 to the ground surface of the ridge R without the film sheet F.

  In this way, when the bulb portion B of the rhizome crop C of one ridge R is harvested while dropping the foliage portion L of the rhizome crop C onto the ground surface of the ridge R without the film sheet F, the cut and separated film sheet F becomes They are put together and left behind on the ground G.

  After the harvesting work of the straws R in the field is finished, the cut film sheet F collected and left on the ground G between the straws is collected. The neglected stem and leaf portion L on the cocoon R may be mixed as it is or collected.

  The present invention is highly applicable to a field with a large planting area for the purpose of harvesting rhizome crops such as garlic, especially for harvesting bulbs such as professional garlic.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling part 2 Root cutting part 3 Pull-out conveyor 4 Cutting part 5 Bulb accommodating part 6 Foliage discharge conveyor 7 Foliage discharge chute 8 Film sheet cutting device 80 Rotating cutter 81 Cutter rotating motor 9 Sheet guide removal means 90 Guide rake 91 Support frame 91a Front end portion of support frame 91b Rear end portion of support frame F Film sheet FS Cut film sheet A Film sheet cutting line
H Planting hole for film sheet C Underground stalk crop L Underground stalk crop foliage B Underground stalk crop bulb G Grow ground R Surface

Claims (3)

A pulling conveyor that is obliquely inclined backward from the front direction of traveling and pinches and removes the foliage part of the underground stem crop and conveys it backward,
A cutting part that is provided below the pulling conveyor and cuts and separates the bulb part and the foliage part of the underground stem crop while the extracted underground stem crop is being conveyed,
A bulb housing part provided below the cutting part;
A film sheet cutting device for cutting the film sheet covering the pods on which the underground stem crop is planted in the traveling direction from the position where the drawing conveyor sandwiches the foliage portion of the underground stem crop,
A rhizome crop harvesting apparatus comprising sheet guide removing means for guiding each of the cut and separated film sheets in the lateral width direction of the ridge. A pulling conveyor that is obliquely inclined backward from the front direction of traveling and pinches and removes the foliage part of the underground stem crop and conveys it backward,
A cutting part that is provided below the pulling conveyor and cuts and separates the bulb part and the foliage part of the underground stem crop while the extracted underground stem crop is being conveyed,
A bulb housing part provided below the cutting part;
A foliage portion discharge conveyor that is provided in parallel with the draw conveyor at a position above the draw conveyor, has a superposed portion on the end portion side of the draw conveyor, and extends further rearward from the end portion of the draw conveyor A film sheet cutting device for cutting the film sheet covering the pods on which the rhizome crops are planted, in the running direction, from the position sandwiching the part to the rear in the running direction;
Sheet guide removing means for guiding each of the cut and separated film sheets in the left-right direction of the ridge,
An apparatus for harvesting underground stalk crops that is cut by a cutting unit and discharged onto the surface of the culm from which the film sheet has been removed by the sheet guide removing means.   The rhizome crop harvesting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the film sheet cutting device is a film sheet cutting device comprising a rotary cutter provided at substantially the center of the ridge width.

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