JP2010217000A - Device for non-destructive quality determination of fruits and vegetables - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-destructive quality determination device suitable for a portable type or a desktop type, achieving high accuracy of determining the quality of fruits and vegetables. <P>SOLUTION: The non-destructive quality determination device 1 for fruits and vegetables 2 adopting a near infrared spectroscopic method includes: a tray 11 for placing the fruits and vegetables 2; a light projection unit 12 installed on the tray 11 and projecting light to the fruits and vegetables 2 on the tray 11; a light receiving unit 13 installed on a base 3 opposite to the light projection unit 12 and receiving transmitted light 5a from the fruits and vegetables 2; a guide member 14 installed on the base 3 and guiding the tray 11 to move so that the light projection unit 12 and the light receiving unit 13 approach or separate from each other; and a holding mechanism 15 provided between the base 3 and the guide member 14 and/or the tray 11 to hold the tray 11 in an optional position. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a nondestructive quality determination apparatus for fruits and vegetables using near infrared spectroscopy.

  Conventionally, a non-destructive quality determination device of a portable type or a table type has adopted an interactance method with a simple structure and excellent portability (for example, Patent Document 1). In the desktop nondestructive quality judging apparatus using the interactance method, as shown in FIG. 6, fruits and vegetables are placed on a dish-shaped tray, and a concentric optical fiber (for example, the inner side projects light from the tray bottom). , The outer periphery is light-received) is brought into contact with the fruits and vegetables, and a pad or the like is attached to the bottom of the tray so that ambient light does not enter, and the internal quality such as sugar content and acidity is determined. In this method, the light emitted from the optical fiber is scattered in the fruits and vegetables, and a part of the light returns to the receiving optical fiber and is used for quality determination.

  However, since the interactance method uses light returning in the opposite direction to the radiation direction, it is difficult to secure a sufficient amount of light, and there is a problem in quality determination accuracy.

JP 2006-292705 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a non-destructive quality determination apparatus suitable for a portable type or a table-top type with high accuracy of quality determination of fruits and vegetables.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

In claim 1,
A nondestructive quality judging device for fruits and vegetables using near infrared spectroscopy,
A tray for placing fruits and vegetables,
A light projecting unit that is installed in the tray and projects light on the fruits and vegetables on the tray;
A light receiving portion that is installed on the base portion facing the light projecting portion and receives transmitted light from the fruits and vegetables,
A guide member that is installed on the base part and guides the tray so that the light projecting part and the light receiving part can move in a direction in which they approach or separate from each other;
A holding mechanism that is provided between the base portion and the guide member and / or the tray and is capable of holding the tray at an arbitrary position;
It comprises.

In claim 2,
A nondestructive quality judging device for fruits and vegetables using near infrared spectroscopy,
A tray for placing fruits and vegetables,
A light projecting unit that is installed in the base unit and projects light on the fruits and vegetables on the tray;
A light receiving unit that is installed on the tray so as to face the light projecting unit and receives transmitted light from fruits and vegetables,
A guide member that is installed on the base part and guides the tray so that the light projecting part and the light receiving part can move in a direction in which they approach or separate from each other;
A holding mechanism that is provided between the base portion and the guide member and / or the tray and is capable of holding the tray at an arbitrary position;
It comprises.

In claim 3,
The holding mechanism includes a movement restricting unit capable of restricting the moving direction of the tray to only one direction, and an urging member that urges the tray to move in a direction opposite to the one direction. It is.

In claim 4,
An electrical component is stored inside the base portion.

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  In Claim 1, it becomes easy to ensure the light quantity of the transmitted light which permeate | transmitted fruit and vegetables, and can improve the precision of quality determination of fruit and vegetables. In addition, the entire apparatus can be reduced in size, and the nondestructive quality determination apparatus can be made suitable for a desktop type or a portable type.

  In Claim 2, it becomes easy to ensure the light quantity of the transmitted light which permeate | transmitted fruit and vegetables, and can improve the precision of quality determination of fruit and vegetables. In addition, the entire apparatus can be reduced in size, and the nondestructive quality determination apparatus can be made suitable for a desktop type or a portable type.

  According to the third aspect, when the moving direction of the tray is limited, the tray can be moved in one direction and held at an appropriate position at the time of quality determination. Further, when the restriction on the moving direction of the tray is released, the tray can be automatically moved in the reverse direction to return to the initial position at the start of quality determination. Therefore, it is possible to hold the tray at an appropriate position by a simple operation of moving the tray, and to save the trouble of returning the tray to the initial position.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the installation space for the nondestructive quality determination device can be reduced, and it can be easily carried.

The nondestructive quality determination apparatus which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. (A) The partial cross section front view. (B) Top view. 1 is a system diagram of a nondestructive quality determination device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. (A) One embodiment of a holding mechanism. (B) Another embodiment of the holding mechanism. The nondestructive quality determination apparatus which concerns on 2nd embodiment of this invention. (A) Front view. (B) Top view. The nondestructive quality determination apparatus which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention. (A) Front view. (B) Top view. (A) The partial cross section front view of the conventional nondestructive quality determination apparatus. (B) AA sectional view taken on line AA in FIG.

  Next, an embodiment of the nondestructive quality determination apparatus of the present invention will be described.

First, the overall configuration of the nondestructive quality determination device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In FIG. 1A, the left / right direction is defined as the right direction on the paper surface, the left / right direction is defined as the front direction, the front / rear direction is defined as the front direction, and the up / down direction is defined as the upward direction on the paper surface.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the nondestructive quality determination apparatus 1 is an apparatus for determining the internal quality such as sugar content and acidity of fruits and vegetables 2 such as apples, pears and peaches that are quality determination targets. Is composed of a base part 3 for storing the battery and a measuring part 10 disposed on the base part 3. The nondestructive quality judgment device 1 is of a desktop type or a portable type, and has a size that can be placed on the table and can be easily carried.

  The base part 3 is comprised by the box which made the upper surface the plane which has predetermined width. In the base portion 3, a part of the light projecting device 4, a part of the light receiving device 5, and electrical components such as the control device 6 are accommodated. Further, the input device 7 and the output device 8 are accommodated inside the base portion 3 so that a part of each is exposed to the outside. However, it is also possible to arrange the input device 7 and the output device 8 outside the base portion 3.

  The measurement unit 10 includes a tray 11 on which the fruits and vegetables 2 are placed, a guide member 14 that guides the tray 11 between an initial position at the start of quality determination and an arbitrary position so that the tray 11 can be moved, and the tray 11 at the time of quality determination. The holding mechanism 15 that can hold the light in an appropriate position, the light projecting unit 12 of the light projecting device 4 that projects light onto the fruits and vegetables 2, and the light projecting unit 12 from the light projecting unit 12. It is comprised with the light-receiving part 13 of the light-receiving device 5 which receives light.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the light projecting device 4 includes a light emitter 4b such as an infrared lamp / halogen lamp that emits light including near infrared light having a wavelength suitable for estimating the sugar content and acidity of the fruits and vegetables 2, and A light projecting unit 12 that projects light onto the fruits and vegetables 2 as projection light 4a; and an optical fiber 4c that connects the light emitter 4b and the light projecting unit 12 and guides light from the light emitter 4b to the light projecting unit 12. To do. The optical fiber 4c is made of quartz glass or plastic having a very high transmittance with respect to light.

  The light receiving device 5 includes a light receiving unit 13 that receives the transmitted light 5a that has been transmitted through the fruits and vegetables 2 by the light projected from the light projecting unit 12, a spectroscope 5b that splits the transmitted light 5a for each near infrared wavelength, It comprises a photodetector 5c that detects the absorbance at the assigned wavelength such as sugar and outputs it as an electrical signal, and an optical fiber 5d that connects the light receiving unit 13 and the spectroscope 5b. The attribute wavelength here refers to the wavelength that is affected by the presence of components such as sugar in the near infrared and the change in the amount thereof, and the absorbance is the light of the object when parallel rays pass through the object. It refers to the strength of absorption.

  The control device 6 includes a storage device 6a that stores various programs such as a sugar content estimation formula creation program, and a central processing unit 6b that performs various processes in response to instructions from the program. The control device 6 is connected to the light projecting device 4 through a communication cable or the like, and is connected to the photodetector 5c of the light receiving device 5.

  The input device 7 includes a keyboard, a touch panel, a switch, a voice input device, or the like, and is connected to the control device 6. By this input device 7, the entire nondestructive quality determination device 1 can be operated.

  The output device 8 includes a display, a printer, and the like, and is connected to the control device 6. The output device 8 can output the quality judgment result of the fruit 2.

  In such a configuration, when the operator installs the fruits and vegetables 2 in the measuring unit 10 described later and gives a command to the control device 6 by the input device 7, the light projecting device 4 is controlled based on this command, and the light is projected. The projection light 4a of the device 4 is projected onto the fruits and vegetables 2. The light-receiving device 5 detects the absorbance at a specific wavelength of the transmitted light 5a that has passed through the fruits and vegetables 2. The detection result is input as an electrical signal to the control device 6, and the quality of the fruits and vegetables 2 is determined based on various programs. The Rukoto.

  Next, the configuration of the measurement unit 10 according to the first embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the measurement unit 10 includes a tray 11, a light projecting unit 12, a light receiving unit 13, a guide member 14, and a holding mechanism 15.

The tray 11 is formed in a bowl shape, and is configured so that the fruits and vegetables 2 that are the quality determination targets can be placed thereon. The tray 11 is configured such that the fruits and vegetables 2 can be placed in the center according to the shape and size thereof and the upper part thereof can be exposed. In addition, the tray 11 is disposed in the vicinity of the front, rear, left, and right central portions of the plane 3 b that is the upper surface of the base portion 3.
It should be noted that a pad or the like is provided on the portion of the tray 11 where the fruits and vegetables 2 are placed so that the placement position of the fruits and vegetables 2 can be securely held without shifting, or the tray 11 can be detached from the guide member 14. For example, the tray 11 may be exchanged according to the type and size of the fruits and vegetables 2.

  The light projecting unit 12 is erected on the left side of the tray 11 so that the vertical length can be adjusted, and the first support column 12a is attached to the first support column 12a so that the position can be adjusted in the horizontal direction. The support rod 12b and the pad 12c attached to the right end of the first support rod 12b.

  The first support column 12 a protrudes upward from the left inner surface of the tray 11. The first support column 12a is configured to be extendable in the vertical direction, and is fixed to an arbitrary vertical length with a bolt or the like so that the vertical height can be adjusted. A through hole is formed in the upper part of the first support pillar 12a in the left-right direction, and the first support rod 12b is slidably inserted into the through hole. The first support rod 12b can be fixed to the first support column 12a with an adjustment bolt 12d and the like, and the left and right positions of the first support rod 12b can be adjusted according to the left and right width of the fruits and vegetables 2. Yes.

  An optical fiber 4c extending from the light projecting device 4 is housed inside the first support rod 12b. A bowl-shaped pad 12c made of a resin material is fixed to the right end of the first support basket 12b on the fruit and vegetable side. And the front-end | tip of the optical fiber 4c is arrange | positioned in the center part of the pad 12c. Thus, the projection light 4a can be projected onto the fruits and vegetables 2 via the optical fiber 4c. Here, the pad 12c is brought into contact with the fruits and vegetables 2 placed on the tray 11, and the periphery of the pad 12c is brought into close contact with the fruits and vegetables 2, thereby making it difficult for disturbance light to enter the optical fiber 4c and reducing the influence of the disturbance light. I am trying. The pad 12c is configured to be replaceable according to the size and shape of the fruits and vegetables 2.

  The light receiving unit 13 includes a second support column 13a, a second support rod 13b, and a pad 13c, and is disposed at a position facing the light projecting unit 12 with the tray 11 and the fruits and vegetables 2 therebetween. The second support pillar 13 a is erected on the plane 3 b on the right side of the base portion 3. This 2nd support pillar 13a is comprised so that expansion-contraction is possible, and the vertical height can be adjusted. A through hole is formed in the upper part of the second support pillar 13a in the left-right direction, and the second support rod 13b is inserted into the through hole so as to be slidable in the left-right direction. The second support rod 13b can be fixed to the second support column 13a with an adjusting bolt 13d or the like, and the left and right positions of the second support rod 13b can be adjusted.

  An optical fiber 5d extending from the spectroscope 5b of the light receiving device 5 is housed inside the second support column 13a and the second support rod 13b. A bowl-shaped pad 13c made of a resin material is fixed to the left end of the second support basket 13b on the fruit and vegetable side. And the front-end | tip of the optical fiber 5d is arrange | positioned in the center part of the pad 13c. At this time, the second support rod 13b and the pad 13c are arranged to face the first support rod 12b and the pad 12c of the light projecting unit 12 with the fruits and vegetables 2 interposed therebetween. Thus, the transmitted light 5a of the fruits and vegetables 2 is received, and the transmitted light 5a can be transmitted to the spectroscope 5b. Here, as described above, the pad 13c is brought into close contact with the fruits and vegetables 2 to reduce the influence of ambient light. The pad 13c is configured to be replaceable according to the size and shape of the fruits and vegetables 2.

The guide member 14 guides the tray 11 on which the light projecting unit 12 is installed so as to be movable left and right. A holding mechanism 15 is attached to the guide member 14, and the holding mechanism 15 is configured to hold the tray 11 at an appropriate position at the time of quality determination.
The guide member 14 is provided to extend in the left-right direction at the front-rear center portion of the flat surface 3 b of the base portion 3. The guide member 14 is mainly composed of a belt 14a, a first pulley 14b, and a second pulley 14c. The first pulley 14b is disposed on the left side of the flat surface 3b with the front-rear direction as an axis, and is rotatably supported by the base portion 3. The second pulley 14c is disposed on the right side of the plane 3b with the front-rear direction as an axis, and is rotatably supported by the base portion 3. Then, the belt 14a is wound around the first pulley 14b and the second pulley 14c. A tray 11 is fixed on the upper side exposed above the belt 14a, and is movable in the left-right direction as the belt 14a rotates.

  The holding mechanism 15 is a one-way clutch 16 as a movement restricting unit capable of restricting the moving direction of the tray 11 to only one direction, and a biasing member that biases the tray 11 to move in the opposite direction to the one direction. 18.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the one-way clutch 16 has a direction in which the belt 14a can move in one direction in which the tray 11 (light projecting unit 12) is close to the light receiving unit 13, and in this embodiment, only in the right direction. It is a mechanism that restricts to, and is constituted by a ratchet. The ratchet mainly includes a ratchet claw 16a, a ratchet gear 16b, a rotation urging member 16c, and a release portion 16d, and is supported by a support member 17. The support member 17 has a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the front, is disposed in front of the first pulley 14 b, and is fixed inside the front surface 3 a of the base portion 3.

The ratchet claw 16a is pivotally supported by the support member 17 by a pin 17a at its base. The tip end portion of the ratchet pawl 16a is formed in a pointed shape, and can be engaged with the ratchet engaging portion 16e of the ratchet gear 16b.
The ratchet gear 16b is formed with a slightly smaller radius than the first pulley 14b of the guide member 14, and is integrally fixed to the front surface of the first pulley 14b. A plurality of substantially ratchet-shaped ratchet engaging portions 16e, 16e,... In the front view are formed in the circumferential direction of the ratchet gear 16b.
The rotation urging member 16c is constituted by a torsion spring. The rotation urging member 16c is fitted on the pin 17a, one end is locked to the ratchet claw 16a, the other end is locked to the support member 17, and the ratchet claw 16a is urged toward the ratchet engaging portion 16e. It is like that.
The release portion 16d is formed in a lever shape, and protrudes integrally with the base portion of the ratchet claw 16a.

  Thus, when the operator tries to move the belt 14a to the right, the ratchet pawl 16a gets over the ratchet engaging portion 16e, and therefore the first pulley 14b can be rotated counterclockwise in FIG. However, if the belt 14a is moved in the reverse direction (left direction), the ratchet pawl 16a engages with the ratchet engaging portion 16e, and therefore the first pulley 14b is rotated clockwise in FIG. I can't do it. That is, the belt 14a can be moved in the right direction, but cannot be moved in the reverse direction (left direction). The engagement between the ratchet pawl 16a and the ratchet engagement portion 16e can be released by rotating the release portion 16d downward.

  The structure of the ratchet is not limited to the above-described structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the ratchet pawl 16a is formed to have a front-rear width equivalent to the front-rear width of the belt 14a. A ratchet engagement portion 16e, 16e,... Having a front-rear width equivalent to the front-rear width may be connected to the outer edge of the belt 14a so that the tip of the ratchet pawl 16a can be engaged with the ratchet engagement portion 16e. Good. As a result, the belt 14a can move in only one direction. However, the one-way clutch 16 is not limited to a ratchet, and can be constituted by a one-way clutch.

  The biasing member 18 is configured by a compression spring. The urging member 18 is interposed between the base portion 3 and the tray 11, and the light projecting portion 12 is installed in a direction in which the tray 11 can be moved by the one-way clutch 16, that is, in a direction opposite to the right direction. The tray 11 is biased in the left direction away from the light receiving unit 13. Specifically, the biasing member 18 has one end locked to the hooking portion 18b of the third support column 18a erected from the left upper surface of the base portion 3, and the other end fixed to the belt 14a. 11 is engaged with a latching portion 18c provided on the left side of the upper and lower halfway portion to urge the tray 11 to the right. Thus, the biasing member 18 can be held in an appropriate position at the time of quality judgment in cooperation with the one-way clutch 16 so as not to move the tray 11 to the right due to inertia or the like. When the holding state by the one-way clutch 16 (restriction of the moving direction of the one-way clutch 16) is released, the quality determination is made in advance by setting the tray 11 to the left above the appropriate position above the base portion 3. The initial position at the start can be returned.

  In such a configuration, the fruits and vegetables 2 are placed on the tray 11, and then the tray 11 is moved together with the fruits and vegetables 2 and the light projecting portion 12 in the direction of the light receiving portion 13 (to the right) against the urging force of the urging member 18. Along with the type and size of the fruits and vegetables 2 and the projection position of the light onto the fruits and vegetables 2, the height of the first support pillar 12 a of the light projecting unit 12, the left and right positions of the first support rod 12 b, and the second of the light receiving unit 13. The height of the support column 13a and the left and right position of the second support rod 13b are adjusted. When the tray 11 is moved, the belt 14a of the guide member 14 that fixes the tray 11 rotates to the right, and the ratchet gear 16b configured integrally with the first pulley 14b is counterclockwise in FIG. Rotate in the direction. Specifically, the bottom surface 20a of the ratchet pawl 16a and the outer peripheral surface 21a, which is an arc of the ratchet engagement portion 16e, slide, and the ratchet gear 16b rotates counterclockwise in FIG.

And the pad 13c of the light-receiving part 13 and the pad 12c of the light projection part 12 are closely_contact | adhered to the fruit and vegetables 2, and the suitable position at the time of quality determination is determined. Thereafter, when the movement of the tray 11 is stopped, the tray 11 is urged leftward by the urging member 18, and as shown in FIG. 3A, the right side surface 20b of the ratchet pawl 16a and the ratchet engagement portion 16e The left side surface 21b is engaged. Thereby, the tray 11 is held at an appropriate position at the time of quality determination.
Thus, the quality determination of the fruits and vegetables 2 is performed as described above by the operation of the input device 7 in a state where the fruits and vegetables 2 are installed at appropriate positions at the time of appropriate quality determination by the measuring unit 10.

  When the quality determination of the fruits and vegetables 2 is completed, the determination result is displayed by the output device 8 and stored as data in the storage device 6a. After the quality determination result is output, the release portion 16d is rotated clockwise in FIG. 3A, that is, downward, to release the engagement between the ratchet pawl 16a and the ratchet engagement portion 16e. As a result, the tray 11 is moved leftward by the urging force of the urging member 18 and returned to the initial position at the start of quality determination.

In addition, it is good also as a structure which provides the position detection means of the tray 11 in the said base part 3, transmits the output of this position detection means to the control apparatus 6, and starts determination automatically.
Further, the ratchet pawl 16a and the ratchet engaging portion 16e are engaged with each other by automatically transmitting a release signal from the control device 6 when a quality determination result is output using an actuator such as a solenoid or a motor. It is good also as a structure to cancel | release.
Further, the positions of the light projecting unit 12 and the light receiving unit 13 may be switched. That is, the light receiving unit 13 may be configured integrally with the tray 11 so as to be movable toward the light projecting unit 12 on the base unit 3.
Further, a light projecting / receiving portion may be further provided below the inside of the tray 11 and combined with the conventional interactance method shown in FIG. Thereby, the determination accuracy is improved.

  Next, the configuration of the measurement unit 40 according to the second embodiment will be described. However, the same members as those of the configuration of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description will be made focusing on portions different from the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the measurement unit 40 includes a tray 11, a light projecting unit 42, a light receiving unit 43, a guide member 44, and a holding mechanism 45.

  The light projecting unit 42 includes a first support column 42a, a first support rod 12b, and a pad 12c. The first support column 42 a is erected on the plane 3 b on the left side of the base portion 3. The first support column 42a is configured to be expandable and contractible, and its vertical height can be adjusted.

The light receiving unit 43 includes a second support column 43a, a second support rod 13b, and a pad 13c, and is disposed at a position facing the light projecting unit 42 with the tray 11 and the fruits and vegetables 2 on the tray 11 interposed therebetween. The second support pillar 43 a is erected on the right plane 3 b of the base portion 3.
A guide member 44 composed of a rail is laid in the left-right direction on the flat surface 3 b of the base portion 3, and a lower portion of the second support pillar 43 a is fitted on the guide member 44 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction. Specifically, guide rollers 43f and 43f are disposed below the second support pillar 43a, and the guide rollers 43f and 43f are disposed so as to sandwich the guide member 44, and are slidable in the left-right direction.
The second support pillar 43a may be slidable to the left and right, and the guide member 44 is provided with a slit or the like, and a sliding body is fitted into the slit instead of the guide rollers 43f, 43f,. Also good.

  The holding mechanism 45 includes a one-way clutch 46 that can limit the moving direction of the tray 11 to only one direction, and a biasing member 48 that biases the tray 11 to move in the opposite direction to the one direction. Is done.

  The one-way clutch 46 is a mechanism that restricts the direction in which the second support pillar 43a can move only to the left, and mainly includes a ratchet pawl 46a, a ratchet engaging portion 46e, a rotation biasing member 16c, It is comprised with the cancellation | release part 46d. The ratchet pawl 46a is held by two support members 47 and 47 extending in the right direction from the right side surface of the second support column 43a, and is attached to a through hole formed in the support members 47 and 47. The pin 47a is inserted together with the biasing member 16c, and the ratchet pawl 46a is pivotally supported by the support member 47 and biased counterclockwise. The release portion 46d is formed in a lever shape, and protrudes integrally with the base portion of the ratchet pawl 46a. The ratchet engaging portion 46e is connected to the upper portion of the guide member 44, and the tip of the ratchet pawl 46a is configured to be engageable with the ratchet engaging portion 46e.

  The urging member 48 is configured by a compression spring. The urging member 48 is interposed between the base portion 3 and the second support column 43a, so that the second support column 43a can be moved by the one-way clutch 46, that is, in the right direction opposite to the left direction. It comes to be energized. Specifically, the biasing member 48 is locked at one end to the latching portion 48b of the third support column 48a erected from the right upper surface of the base portion 3, and the other end is at the right side of the second support column 43a. The tray 11 is latched to the latching portion 48c provided on the surface to urge the tray 11 in the right direction. Thus, the urging member 48 allows the tray 11 to be held in an appropriate position at the time of quality judgment in cooperation with the one-way clutch 16 so as not to move the tray 11 leftward due to inertia or the like. When the holding state by the one-way clutch 16 is released, the second support pillar 43a is returned to the initial position at the start of quality determination.

With such a configuration, the fruits and vegetables 2 are placed on the tray 11, the light receiving portion 43 is moved in the direction of the light projecting portion 42 (leftward) against the biasing force of the biasing member 48, and the type and size of the fruits and vegetables 2 Depending on the projection position of the light onto the pods 2, the height of the first support column 42 a and the left and right positions of the first support rod 42 b of the light projecting unit 42, and the height and the second support column 43 a of the light receiving unit 43 The left and right positions of the two support rods 43b are adjusted. Next, the second support pillar 43 a (light receiving portion 43) is slid in the direction of the light projecting portion 42 (leftward) against the urging force of the urging member 48, and the fruits and vegetables 2 are pad 13 c of the light receiving portion 43. And are pressed against the pad 12c of the light projecting unit 42 so as to be sandwiched. Thus, the sliding of the second support column 43a is stopped, the ratchet pawl 46a of the second support column 43a and the ratchet engaging portion 46e of the guide member 44 are engaged, and the second support column 43a is positioned at an appropriate position. Retained.
Thus, the quality determination of the fruits and vegetables 2 is performed as described above by the operation of the input device 7 in a state where the fruits and vegetables 2 are installed at an appropriate position at the time of quality determination by the measurement unit 40.

  When the quality determination of the fruits and vegetables 2 is completed, the determination result is displayed by the output device 8 and stored as data in the storage device 6a. After the quality determination result is output, the release portion 46d is rotated clockwise in FIG. 4A, that is, upward, to release the engagement between the ratchet pawl 46a and the ratchet engagement portion 46e. As a result, the second support pillar 43a is moved rightward by the urging force of the urging member 48 and returned to the initial position at the start of quality determination.

  Next, the configuration of the measurement unit 50 according to the third embodiment will be described. However, the same members as those in the configurations of the first embodiment and the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description will be made focusing on portions different from the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the light projecting unit 52 of the measuring unit 50 is disposed below the fruits and vegetables 2, the light receiving unit 53 and the urging member 58 are disposed above the fruits and vegetables 2, and the guide member 54 is disposed in the vertical direction. The

With such a configuration, the fruits and vegetables 2 are placed on the tray 11, the light receiving portion 53 is moved in the direction of the light projecting portion 52 (upward) against the biasing force of the biasing member 58, and the type and size of the fruits and vegetables 2 The height of the second support pillar 43a of the light receiving unit 53 and the left and right position of the second support rod 43b are adjusted according to the projection position of the light onto the pod 2. Next, the second support pillar 43 a (light receiving portion 53) is slid in the direction of the light projecting portion 52 (downward) against the urging force of the urging member 48, and the fruits and vegetables 2 are pad 13 c of the light receiving portion 53. And are pressed against the pad 12c of the light projecting unit 52 so as to be in a sandwiched state. Thus, the sliding of the second support column 43a is stopped, the ratchet pawl 46a of the second support column 43a and the ratchet engaging portion 46e of the guide member 54 are engaged, and the second support column 43a is positioned at an appropriate position. Retained.
Thus, the quality determination of the fruits and vegetables 2 is performed as described above by the operation of the input device 7 in a state where the fruits and vegetables 2 are installed at an appropriate position at the time of the quality determination by the measuring unit 50.

  When the quality determination of the fruits and vegetables 2 is completed, the determination result is displayed by the output device 8 and stored as data in the storage device 6a. After the quality determination result is output, the release portion 46d is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 5A, that is, downward, to release the engagement between the ratchet pawl 46a and the ratchet engagement portion 46e. As a result, the second support pillar 43a is moved upward by the urging force of the urging member 58 and returned to the initial position at the start of quality determination.

  As mentioned above, it is the nondestructive quality determination apparatus 1 of the fruits and vegetables 2 using near-infrared spectroscopy, Comprising: The tray 11 in which the fruits and vegetables 2 are mounted, and the said fruits and vegetables 2 on this tray 11 are installed. A light projecting unit 12 that projects light onto the base unit 3, a light receiving unit 13 that faces the light projecting unit 12, a light receiving unit 13 that receives transmitted light 5 a from the fruit 2, and a base unit 3. The guide member 14 that guides the tray 11 so that the light projecting unit 12 and the light receiving unit 13 can move in the proximity or separation direction, the base unit 3, the guide member 14, and / or the tray 11. And a holding mechanism 15 that is provided in between and can hold the tray 11 at an arbitrary position, that is, an appropriate position at the time of quality determination, so that it is easy to secure the amount of transmitted light 5a that has passed through the fruits and vegetables 2. Naru, quality assessment of fruits and vegetables 2 It is possible to improve the accuracy. In addition, the entire apparatus can be reduced in size, and the nondestructive quality determination apparatus 1 can be made suitable for a tabletop type or a portable type.

  Moreover, it is the nondestructive quality determination apparatus 1 of the fruits and vegetables 2 using near-infrared spectroscopy, Comprising: It is installed in the tray 11 in which the fruits and vegetables 2 are mounted, and the base part 3, and light is applied to the fruits and vegetables 2 on the tray 11 A light projecting unit 12 that projects light, a light receiving unit 13 that is installed on the tray 11 so as to face the light projecting unit 12, and that receives transmitted light 5 a from the fruits and vegetables 2, and is installed on the base unit 3. 11 is provided between the base member 3 and the guide member 14 and / or the tray 11 for guiding the light guide 11 so that the light projecting unit 12 and the light receiving unit 13 can move in the direction of approaching or separating. And a holding mechanism 15 that can hold the tray 11 at an arbitrary position, that is, an appropriate position at the time of quality judgment, and thus it is easy to secure the amount of transmitted light 5a that has passed through the fruits and vegetables 2. 2 quality judgment accuracy It is possible to above. In addition, it is possible to reduce the size of the entire apparatus, and the nondestructive quality determination apparatus 1 can be suitable for a desktop type or a portable type.

  The holding mechanism 15 is configured to move the tray 11 in a direction opposite to the one direction, and a one-way clutch 16 as a movement restricting unit capable of restricting the movement direction of the tray 11 to only one direction. Since the urging member 18 is configured to be urged, when the movement direction of the tray 11 is limited, the tray 11 can be moved in one direction and held at an appropriate position at the time of quality determination. . Further, when the restriction on the movement direction of the tray 11 is released, the tray 11 can be automatically moved in the reverse direction to return to the initial position at the start of quality determination. Therefore, it is possible to hold the tray 11 at an appropriate position by a simple operation only by moving the tray 11, and to save the trouble of returning the tray 11 to the initial position.

  In addition, since the electrical components are housed in the base portion 3, the installation space for the nondestructive quality determination device 1 can be reduced and the portable device can be easily carried.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Nondestructive quality determination apparatus 2 Fruit and vegetables 3 Base part 10 Measurement part 11 Tray 12 Light projection part 13 Light receiving part 14 Guide member 14a Belt 14b First pulley 15 Holding mechanism 16 One-way clutch 16a Ratchet claw 16b Ratchet gear 16c Rotation bias Member 16d release portion 16e ratchet engaging portion 18 biasing member

Claims (4)

A nondestructive quality judging device for fruits and vegetables using near infrared spectroscopy,
A tray for placing fruits and vegetables,
A light projecting unit that is installed in the tray and projects light on the fruits and vegetables on the tray;
A light receiving portion that is installed on the base portion facing the light projecting portion and receives transmitted light from the fruits and vegetables,
A guide member that is installed on the base part and guides the tray so that the light projecting part and the light receiving part can move in a direction in which they approach or separate from each other;
A non-destructive quality judging device comprising: a holding mechanism provided between the base portion and the guide member and / or the tray and capable of holding the tray at an arbitrary position. A nondestructive quality judging device for fruits and vegetables using near infrared spectroscopy,
A tray for placing fruits and vegetables,
A light projecting unit that is installed in the base unit and projects light on the fruits and vegetables on the tray;
A light receiving unit that is installed on the tray so as to face the light projecting unit and receives transmitted light from fruits and vegetables,
A guide member that is installed on the base part and guides the tray so that the light projecting part and the light receiving part can move in a direction in which they approach or separate from each other;
A non-destructive quality judging device comprising: a holding mechanism provided between the base portion and the guide member and / or the tray and capable of holding the tray at an arbitrary position.   The holding mechanism includes a movement restricting unit capable of restricting the moving direction of the tray to only one direction, and an urging member that urges the tray to move in a direction opposite to the one direction. The nondestructive quality judging device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein   The nondestructive quality determination apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an electrical component is accommodated in the base portion.

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