JP2010216773A - Water heat exchanger and method of manufacturing water heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water heat exchanger capable of efficiently exchanging heat between water and a refrigerant, and easily manufactured. <P>SOLUTION: The water heat exchanger 22 includes a refrigerant tube 22a, a water tube 22b, a first header 51a, a second header 51b, a third header 52a and a forth header 52b. The refrigerant tube is composed of porous flat tubes 41A, 41B having a plurality of refrigerant flow channel holes 47 in which the refrigerants can be circulated. The water tube is composed of a single-hole flat tube 42 having one water flow channel hole 48 in which water can be circulated. The first header and the second header are headers for a refrigerant, and connected to both ends of the refrigerant tube. The third header and the forth header are headers for water, and connected to both ends of the water tube. The refrigerant tube and the water tube have closely-contact faces where side faces at cross-section longitudinal sides are closely kept into contact with each other. The closely-contact faces have roughly-rectangular shapes, and first directions L1 as their longitudinal directions are agreed with the flowing direction of the refrigerant or the water. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between refrigerant and water.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a refrigeration apparatus for a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus, one constituted by a compression refrigeration circuit has been widely used. The refrigerant circuit includes, for example, CO ₂ as a refrigerant and a water heat exchanger. The water heat exchanger has a refrigerant pipe through which a refrigerant flows and a water pipe through which water flows, and makes fluids face each other and exchange heat between them. Specifically, water is heated by performing heat exchange between a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant and low-temperature and low-pressure water. As a result, high temperature hot water using the characteristics of the supercritical region of CO ₂ becomes possible.

  As a prior art of the water heat exchanger, there is a structure in which a refrigerant pipe having a diameter smaller than that of a water pipe is spirally wound around and closely attached to the water pipe as disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-336894). Are known.

  In general, in order to improve the capacity of the water heat exchanger, it is conceivable to increase the heat transfer area of the refrigerant pipe relative to the water pipe and to increase the length of the water pipe around which the refrigerant pipe is wound. In order to increase the heat transfer area of the refrigerant pipe relative to the water pipe, the number of windings is increased while making the refrigerant pipe wound around the water pipe as thin as possible. Further, in order to increase the length of the water pipe with the refrigerant pipe wound around, the water pipe with the refrigerant pipe wound around is spirally wound or meandered.

  However, if the number of windings of the refrigerant pipe around the water pipe is increased, the production cost increases with the increase of the refrigerant pipe. In addition, winding the refrigerant pipe around the water pipe is complicated and the number of windings is limited. Furthermore, if the water pipe with the refrigerant pipe wound is spirally wound or meandered, there is a limit to the radius of curvature of the bent part, so the space of the bent part cannot be used well and it is difficult to make it compact. .

  An object of the present invention is to provide a water heat exchanger capable of efficiently exchanging heat between water and a refrigerant and easy to manufacture.

  A water heat exchanger according to a first aspect of the present invention is a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a refrigerant and water, wherein the refrigerant pipe, the water pipe, the first header, the second header, and the third A header and a fourth header are provided. The refrigerant pipe is composed of a multi-hole flat pipe having a plurality of refrigerant flow holes through which the refrigerant can flow. A water pipe consists of a single hole flat tube which has one water channel hole which can distribute water. The first header is a refrigerant header connected to one end of the refrigerant pipe. The second header is a refrigerant header connected to the other end of the refrigerant pipe. The third header is a water header connected to one end of the water pipe. The fourth header is a water header connected to the other end of the water pipe. The refrigerant pipe and the water pipe have a close contact portion where the long side surfaces of the cross section are in close contact with each other. The contact surface has a substantially rectangular shape, and the first direction which is the longitudinal direction thereof coincides with the flow direction of the refrigerant or water.

  In the water heat exchanger of the present invention, the side surfaces on the long side of the cross section of the refrigerant tube that is a multi-hole flat tube and the water tube that is a single-hole flat tube are brought into close contact with each other. Further, the first header and the second header are connected to both ends of the refrigerant pipe, and the third header and the fourth header are connected to both ends of the water pipe.

  Therefore, the water heat exchanger of the present invention can be structured such that the refrigerant pipe is a multi-hole flat tube and the water pipe is a single-hole flat tube and the side surfaces on the long side of the cross section are in close contact with each other, and the flat side surfaces are in close contact with each other. Thus, an effect equivalent to winding a refrigerant pipe thinner than the water pipe around one water pipe can be obtained. That is, it is possible to make the structure easy to assemble while taking a wide heat transfer area where the refrigerant transfers heat to water. As described above, since the water pipe and the refrigerant pipe are molded using a flat pipe, the manufacturing can be facilitated as compared with a configuration in which a refrigerant pipe thinner than the water pipe is wound around one water pipe. Furthermore, since the header is provided in each pipe | tube in the state which contact | adhered the water pipe and the refrigerant | coolant pipe | tube and the part which heat-exchanges water and a refrigerant | coolant is extended, a structure can be made compact.

  A water heat exchanger according to a second aspect of the present invention is the water heat exchanger according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the refrigerant pipe is composed of a pair of multi-hole flat tubes. The water pipe is sandwiched between a pair of refrigerant pipes.

  In the water heat exchanger of the present invention, the water pipe is sandwiched between a pair of refrigerant pipes, and the side faces on the long side of the cross section are brought into close contact with the water pipe and the refrigerant pipe.

  In this way, since the water heat exchanger is configured, most of the periphery of the water pipe is in close contact with the refrigerant pipe, so the heat once transferred to the water by the refrigerant (substances surrounding the water heat exchanger ( For example, transmission to the air around the water heat exchanger can be prevented as much as possible. In addition, since the pair of refrigerant tubes and water tubes are brought into close contact with the side surfaces on the long side of the cross section, the flat side surfaces are brought into close contact with each other, thereby simplifying the configuration and facilitating assembly.

  The water heat exchanger according to the third invention is the water heat exchanger according to the first invention or the second invention, wherein the first header and the second header are at least the center of the third header in the first direction. And it arrange | positions outside the center of a 4th header. The refrigerant pipe is curved so as to avoid the third header and the fourth header at a portion not in close contact with the water pipe.

  Therefore, in a configuration in which headers are provided at both ends of the refrigerant pipe and the water pipe, the number of headers can be minimized while making the refrigerant pipe and the water pipe as straight as possible. For this reason, a water heat exchanger can be comprised compactly.

  A water heat exchanger according to a fourth invention is the water heat exchanger according to any of the first to third inventions, wherein the first header, the second header, the third header, and the fourth header are The shape extends in a second direction intersecting with one direction. A plurality of refrigerant tubes and water tubes are arranged in the second direction in close contact with each other. The plurality of refrigerant tubes include a first refrigerant tube and a second refrigerant tube. The first refrigerant pipe is at least one refrigerant pipe on the upstream side in the flow direction of the refrigerant. The second refrigerant pipe is at least one refrigerant pipe located immediately downstream of the first refrigerant pipe in the refrigerant flow direction. The plurality of water pipes include a first water pipe and a second water pipe. The first water pipe is at least one water pipe on the upstream side in the water flow direction. The second water pipe is at least one water pipe located immediately downstream of the first water pipe in the refrigerant flow direction. The first header and / or the second header has a first baffle plate that guides the refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant pipe to the second refrigerant pipe. The third header and / or the fourth header includes a second baffle plate that guides water flowing through the first water pipe to the second water pipe.

  The water heat exchanger of the present invention is such that a plurality of members (hereinafter referred to as heat exchange members) in which the refrigerant tube and the water tube are in close contact with each other are aligned along the second direction (direction in which each header extends). The heat exchange member and each header are connected. Further, the first header and / or the second header is supplied with the refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant pipe disposed upstream in the refrigerant flow direction so that the refrigerant meanders inside the hydrothermal exchanger. A first baffle plate is provided that leads to a second refrigerant pipe disposed immediately downstream of the pipe in the flow direction of the refrigerant. In addition, the third header and / or the fourth header allows water flowing through the first water pipe disposed upstream in the water flow direction so that the water meanders inside the water heat exchanger. A second baffle plate is provided that leads to a second water pipe disposed immediately downstream in the water flow direction.

  Therefore, the distance of the heat exchange member can be increased without bending the heat exchange member. For this reason, a water heat exchanger can be made compact, ensuring the distance of a heat exchange member more than predetermined distance.

  A water heat exchanger according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the water heat exchanger according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, wherein the refrigerant flowing inside the refrigerant pipe and the water flowing inside the water pipe face each other. Flow in the direction.

  Therefore, a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water can be ensured. In addition, the temperature difference between the refrigerant and water can be made uniform in the entire water heat exchanger, especially when the refrigerant is a refrigerant having different temperatures at the beginning and end of heat exchange, such as a supercritical refrigerant. Exchange efficiency can be improved.

  A water heat exchanger according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the water heat exchanger according to any of the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, wherein the single-hole flat tube comprises a first aluminum alloy member and a second aluminum alloy member. Have. The first aluminum alloy member is a plate-like member. The second aluminum alloy member is a plate-like member having a higher ionization tendency than the first aluminum alloy member. The single-hole flat tube is also formed by bending a three-layer plate member formed by sandwiching the first aluminum alloy member from both sides of the first aluminum alloy member with the second aluminum alloy member.

  In the water heat exchanger of the present invention, the single-hole flat tube is formed by bending a three-layer plate-like member formed by sandwiching and closely contacting the first aluminum alloy member with the second aluminum alloy member. And since the 2nd aluminum alloy member arrange | positioned at the water flow path side is a plate-shaped member with a larger ionization tendency than a 1st aluminum alloy member, when corrosion prevention with water occurs, corrosion prevention is first performed from the 2nd aluminum alloy member. Begins.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the second aluminum alloy member can function as a sacrificial material for corrosion protection by water, and at least corrosion protection to the first aluminum alloy member can hardly occur.

  A water heat exchanger according to a seventh aspect is the water heat exchanger according to the sixth aspect, wherein the second aluminum alloy member functions as a brazing material during brazing.

  Therefore, assembly processing can be facilitated.

  A water heat exchanger according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the water heat exchanger according to any of the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, wherein the single-hole flat tube has an aluminum alloy member and an anticorrosion coating agent. The aluminum alloy member is a plate-like member. The anticorrosion coating agent is applied to one surface of the aluminum alloy member. The single-hole flat tube is also formed by bending so that the anticorrosive coating agent is on the inside.

  Therefore, in this invention, the surface where the anticorrosion coating agent was apply | coated can be made into the water flow path side. For this reason, it can be made hard to raise | generate corrosion prevention with water.

  A water heat exchanger according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the water heat exchanger according to any of the sixth to eighth aspects of the present invention, wherein the single-hole flat tube is dimpled at least on the side surface on the long side of the cross section. ing.

  Therefore, the heat transfer area on the water channel side can be increased, and the heat passage rate from the refrigerant to the water can be improved.

  A water heat exchanger according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the water heat exchanger according to any one of the first to ninth aspects of the present invention, wherein the refrigerant pipe, the water pipe, the first header, the second header, and the third The header and the fourth header are all joined together by being brazed together.

  Therefore, the labor required for joining can be reduced and joining can be performed easily.

  A water heat exchanger according to an eleventh aspect of the invention is the water heat exchanger according to any of the first to tenth aspects of the invention, wherein the multi-hole flat tube is formed by drawing or extruding.

  Therefore, the refrigerant pipe can be easily molded.

A water heat exchanger according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention is the water heat exchanger according to any of the first to eleventh aspects of the present invention, wherein the refrigerant is CO ₂ .

In the present invention, CO ₂ refrigerant is used as the refrigerant. CO ₂ refrigerant has a global warming potential of 1 compared with conventional refrigerants such as fluorocarbon refrigerant, and is much lower than fluorocarbon refrigerant of several hundred to 10,000.

Thus, the deterioration of the global environment can be suppressed by using the CO ₂ refrigerant having a small environmental load.

  The manufacturing method of the water heat exchanger which concerns on 13th invention is equipped with a crimping | compression-bonding step, a single hole flat tube shaping | molding step, a multi-hole pipe shaping | molding step, and a joining step. In the crimping step, the first aluminum alloy member is sandwiched and crimped by a second aluminum alloy member having a higher ionization tendency than the first aluminum alloy member to form a three-layer plate member. In the single-hole flat tube molding step, the single-layer flat tube is molded by bending the three-layer plate member. In the multi-hole tube forming step, the multi-hole flat tube is formed by drawing or extruding. In the joining step, a multi-hole flat tube, a single-hole flat tube, a first header connected to one end of the multi-hole flat tube, a second header for refrigerant connected to the other end of the multi-hole flat tube, The third header connected to one end of the single hole flat tube and the fourth header for water connected to the other end of the single hole flat tube are all brazed and joined together.

  In the method for manufacturing a water heat exchanger according to the present invention, a three-layer plate-like member is formed by a crimping step, and a single-hole flat tube is formed by bending the three-layer plate-like member in a single-hole flat tube molding step. is doing. For this reason, it can be set as the state coated with the 2nd aluminum alloy member which can function as a sacrificial material for the water channel side of a single hole flat tube, and it can prevent that a single hole flat tube corrodes with water.

  Moreover, in the manufacturing method of the water heat exchanger of this invention, the multi-hole flat tube is shape | molded by a drawing process or an extrusion process in a multi-hole shaping | molding step. For this reason, a multi-hole flat tube can be molded easily.

  In the method for manufacturing a water heat exchanger according to the present invention, in the joining step, the refrigerant pipe, the water pipe, the first header, the second header, the third header, and the fourth header are all joined together. Attached. Therefore, the labor required for joining can be reduced and joining can be performed easily.

  Thus, in the manufacturing method of the water heat exchanger of the present invention, it is possible to facilitate assembly while improving the corrosion resistance of water.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the first invention, the refrigerant tube is a multi-hole flat tube, and the water tube is a single-hole flat tube, thereby providing an effect equivalent to winding a refrigerant tube thinner than the water tube around one water tube. Obtainable. That is, it can be set as the structure which takes the heat-transfer area where a refrigerant | coolant transfers heat with respect to water widely. Since the water pipe and the refrigerant pipe are molded using a flat pipe, the manufacturing can be facilitated as compared with a configuration in which a refrigerant pipe thinner than the water pipe is wound around one water pipe. Furthermore, since the header is provided in each pipe | tube in the state which contact | adhered the water pipe and the refrigerant | coolant pipe | tube and the part which heat-exchanges water and a refrigerant | coolant is extended, a structure can be made compact.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the second aspect of the invention, since the water heat exchanger is configured, most of the periphery of the water pipe is in close contact with the refrigerant pipe. It is possible to prevent transmission to substances around the exchanger (for example, air around the water heat exchanger) as much as possible. In addition, since the pair of refrigerant tubes and water tubes are brought into close contact with the side surfaces on the long side of the cross section, the flat side surfaces are brought into close contact with each other, thereby simplifying the configuration and facilitating assembly.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the third aspect of the invention, in the configuration in which headers are provided at both ends of the refrigerant pipe and the water pipe, respectively, the number of headers is minimized while the refrigerant pipe and the water pipe are as straight as possible. can do. For this reason, a water heat exchanger can be comprised compactly.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the fourth invention, the distance of the heat exchange member can be increased without bending the heat exchange member. For this reason, the structure of the whole water heat exchanger can be made compact, ensuring the distance of a heat exchange member more than predetermined distance.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the fifth aspect of the invention, a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water can be ensured. In addition, the temperature difference between the refrigerant and water can be made uniform in the entire water heat exchanger, especially when the refrigerant is a refrigerant having different temperatures at the beginning and end of heat exchange, such as a supercritical refrigerant. Exchange efficiency can be improved.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the second aluminum alloy member can function as a sacrificial material for corrosion protection by water, and at least corrosion protection to the first aluminum alloy member can hardly occur.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the seventh aspect of the invention, assembly processing can be facilitated.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the eighth aspect of the invention, the surface on which the anticorrosion coating agent is applied can be the water flow path side. For this reason, it can be made hard to raise | generate corrosion prevention with water.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the ninth aspect of the invention, the heat transfer area on the water flow path side can be increased, and the heat passage rate from the refrigerant to the water can be improved.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the labor required for joining can be reduced and joining can be performed easily.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the eleventh aspect, the refrigerant pipe can be easily molded.

In the water heat exchanger according to the twelfth aspect of the invention, it is possible to suppress deterioration of the global environment by using a CO ₂ refrigerant having a small environmental load.

  In the water heat exchanger according to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, it is possible to facilitate assembly while improving the corrosion resistance of water.

The system of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus containing the freezing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of a freezing apparatus. The block diagram of the control apparatus of a freezing apparatus. The top view of the water heat exchanger of a freezing apparatus. The front view of the water heat exchanger of a freezing apparatus. Sectional drawing of a heat exchange member. Schematic of a three-layer plate member. Schematic showing the process in which a single-layer flat tube is formed by bending a three-layer plate-like member. The flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of a water heat exchanger. Sectional drawing of the heat exchange member concerning a modification (2). Sectional drawing of the heat exchange member concerning a modification (4).

<Configuration of heat pump hot water supply device>
A system of a heat pump hot water supply apparatus including a refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus 1 includes a refrigeration apparatus 2 and a hot water storage apparatus 3. The refrigeration apparatus 2 includes a compressor 21, a refrigerant pipe 22 a in the water heat exchanger 22, an expansion valve 23 as a decompression unit, and an air heat exchanger 24 that are annularly connected by a refrigerant pipe 25. 20

  Further, the refrigeration circuit 20 is provided with a gas heat exchanger 26 for heat exchange between the high-pressure and high-temperature refrigerant coming out of the water heat exchanger 22 and the low-pressure and low-temperature refrigerant coming out of the air heat exchanger 24. ing. Specifically, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant passage connecting the water heat exchanger 22 and the expansion valve 23 and the refrigerant passage connecting the air heat exchanger and the compressor 21.

  The hot water storage device 3 includes a water circulation circuit 30 in which a hot water storage tank 31, a water pipe 22 b in the water heat exchanger 22, and a water circulation pump 32 are annularly connected by a water pipe 35.

  The refrigeration apparatus 2 includes an outside air temperature sensor 8 that detects the outside air temperature at the installation location, a discharge pipe temperature sensor 9 that detects the discharge pipe temperature of the compressor 21, and a temperature sensor 10 that detects the temperature of the air heat exchanger 24. The detection signals of these sensors are input to the microcomputer 6.

  The circulation amount of water is controlled by the water circulation pump 32 so that the temperature of the water heated by the water heat exchanger 22 becomes, for example, 85 ° C. The microcomputer 6 controls the opening degree of the expansion valve 23 in order to ensure the refrigerant temperature necessary for obtaining 85 ° C. water.

<Structure of refrigeration equipment>
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the refrigeration apparatus 2. In FIG. 2, the right compartment of the heat insulation wall 2c is the machine room 2a, and the left compartment of the heat insulation wall 2c is the fan room 2b. A compressor 21 and an expansion valve 23 are arranged in the machine room 2a.

  In the fan chamber 2b, a fan 27 is disposed in front of the fan chamber 2b in a front view in FIG. A motor that drives the fan 27 is disposed behind the fan 27 in a state of being fixed to the motor support base 28. A water heat exchanger 22 is disposed below the fan chamber 2b with a heat insulating wall 2d interposed therebetween. In the water heat exchanger 22, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 22a (see FIG. 1) and the water flowing through the water pipe 22b (see FIG. 1).

  In FIG. 2, the air heat exchanger 24 is disposed along the left side wall and the back wall of the fan chamber 2b, and the right end of the air heat exchanger 24 extends to the center of the machine chamber 2a. The control box 4 is disposed so as to straddle the upper part of the machine room 2a and the upper part of the fan room 2b. The control box 4 incorporates a control device 5 equipped with a microcomputer 6 (see FIG. 3) and an inverter 7 (see FIG. 3).

<Operation control of refrigeration equipment>
FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of the refrigeration apparatus 2. The microcomputer 6 sets the target discharge pipe temperature at the target discharge pipe temperature setting unit 62 based on detection signals from the outside air temperature sensor 8 and the temperature sensor 10 of the air heat exchanger 24. The microcomputer 6 controls the opening of the expansion valve 23 via the expansion valve opening controller 63 so that the discharge pipe temperature detected by the discharge pipe temperature sensor 9 approaches the target discharge pipe temperature. Data necessary for setting the target discharge pipe temperature is stored in advance in the target discharge pipe temperature setting unit 62.

  Further, the microcomputer 6 compresses via the inverter control unit 64 in consideration of the influence of the outside air temperature on the cooking capacity of the refrigeration apparatus 2 and further considering that the hot water supply load changes according to the time zone of the day. The operating frequency of the machine 21 is controlled. For example, in a time zone in which the outside air temperature is low and the hot water supply load is large, the operating frequency of the compressor 21 is increased by ignoring the efficiency in order to prevent hot water shortage. On the other hand, in the time zone when the outside air temperature is high and the hot water supply load is small, the operating frequency of the compressor 21 is set to a high efficiency point.

  When the hot water supply load is large, the microcomputer 6 controls the operation of the compressor 21 so that the discharge pipe temperature does not exceed 120 ° C. for the purpose of protecting the compressor 21. Actually, when the discharge pipe temperature is 120 ° C., the internal temperature of the compressor 21 reaches 140 ° C. to 145 ° C. When the internal temperature further rises and exceeds 150 ° C., the magnet inside the compressor 21 The magnetic force of the oil drops and oil deterioration occurs, leading to failure. Therefore, in this embodiment, the upper limit of the discharge pipe temperature is set to 120 ° C.

  However, when the outside air temperature t1 is −20 ° C. or less, the compressor 21 is likely to be overloaded. Therefore, as a further safety measure, the correction value of the detection value of the discharge pipe temperature sensor 9 is increased, and the actual discharge pipe temperature is reduced. Before reaching 120 ° C., the detection value of the discharge pipe temperature sensor 9 needs to be 120 ° C. Therefore, the correction amount when the outside air temperature t1 is −20 ° C. or less is obtained experimentally and stored in the second correction means 61b of the temperature correction unit 61 of the microcomputer 6.

  In the temperature range of the outside air temperature t1> −20 ° C., the correction is made by the first correcting means 61a.

<Water heat exchanger>
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the water heat exchanger 22, and FIG. 5 is a front view of the water heat exchanger 22. 4 and 5, the water heat exchanger 22 is schematically represented.

(Configuration of water heat exchanger)
The water heat exchanger 22 includes a refrigerant pipe 22a through which refrigerant flows, a water pipe 22b through which water flows, a first header 51a and a second header 51b connected to the refrigerant pipe 22a, and a third pipe connected to the water pipe 22b. It has a header 52a and a fourth header 52b, and performs heat exchange between the fluid flowing through the refrigerant pipe 22a and the water pipe 22b. Specifically, the water heat exchanger 22 includes a refrigerant pipe 22a and a water pipe 22b in which heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and water, and the heat exchange member extending in the first direction L1 (see FIGS. 4 and 5). A plurality of 53 (eight in the present embodiment) are connected in the height direction of each of the cylindrical headers 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b (see the second direction L2 in FIGS. 4 and 5). . The heat exchange member 53 is mainly composed of a pair of multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B constituting the refrigerant tube 22a and a single-hole flat tube 42 constituting the water tube 22b.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the pair of multi-hole flat tubes 41 </ b> A and 41 </ b> B has a flat portion main body 46. The flat part main body 46 extends long in the first direction L1 as shown in FIG. The flat portion main body 46 has a facing surface 46a facing each other and an opposite side surface 46b on the opposite side. In the flat part main body 46, a plurality of (in this embodiment, eleven) holes through which refrigerant can flow are formed in one row. Thus, by forming a plurality of holes in a single-hole flat tube to form a refrigerant tube, the heat transfer coefficient on the refrigerant side is improved. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange member 53.

  The multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B are made of, for example, aluminum 1050. Each multi-hole flat tube 41A, 41B is manufactured by drawing or extruding.

  The single-hole flat tube 42 is a member that extends along a pair of multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B. As is apparent from the figure, the cross-sectional shape of the single-hole flat tube 42 is composed of two opposing first straight portions 42a and two second straight portions 42b that connect the two straight portions. Unlike the multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B, one water flow channel 48 through which water can flow is configured. The straight portion 42a has the same length as the facing surface 46a.

  The single-hole flat tube 42 is made of two types of aluminum alloys, aluminum 3003 and aluminum 4343, and has a three-layer structure in which a first aluminum layer 54a made of aluminum 3003 is sandwiched between second aluminum layers 54b made of aluminum 4343. It is formed by bending the plate member (three-layer plate member 54). Specifically, the single-hole flat tube 42 is formed by bending the plate-like three-layer plate-like member 54 at four locations (see FIG. 8). Aluminum 4343 is an aluminum alloy that has a higher ionization tendency than aluminum 3003 (that is, is easily oxidized). For this reason, the second aluminum layer 54b is corroded more than the first aluminum layer 54a by disposing the second aluminum layer 54b composed of the aluminum 4343, which has a higher ionization tendency than the aluminum 3003, on the side that becomes the water flow path 48. Thus, the first aluminum layer 54a can be prevented from being corroded. The second aluminum layer 54b may use aluminum 7072 instead of the aluminum 4343. FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a three-layer plate member. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming a single-hole flat tube 42 by bending a three-layer plate-like member, where the plate-like three-layer plate-like member 54 is not bent. A state where the member 54 is bent at one place and a state where the three-layer plate-like member 54 is bent at four places (that is, the single-hole flat tube 42) are shown.

  The multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B and the single-hole flat tube 42 are in close contact with each other by brazing. In this case, the second aluminum layer 54b located outside the single-hole flat tube 42 functions as a brazing material. In this way, by joining the multi-hole flat tubes 41A, 41B and the single-hole flat tube 42 by brazing, most of the surface of the single-hole flat tube 42 (that is, the straight portion 42a) is made into a multi-hole. The flat tubes 41A and 41B can be brought into close contact with each other, and heat radiation from the single hole flat tube 42 to the surrounding air can be prevented as much as possible.

  The first header 51a and the second header 51b are connected to both ends of the multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B constituting the refrigerant tube 22a, and together with the multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B, the refrigerant flow path inside the water heat exchanger 22 47 is constituted. In the present embodiment, the first header 51a is divided into three sheets that divide the refrigerant inlet 59a and the refrigerant outlet 59b in the water heat exchanger 22 into three parts, an upstream space 56a, a midstream space 56b, and a downstream space 56c. First baffle plates 55a and 55b. Further, in the present embodiment, the second header 51b has a single first baffle plate 55c that partitions the internal space into two, an upstream space 56d and a downstream space 56e.

  The 3rd header 52a and the 4th header 52b are connected to the both ends of the single hole flat tube 42 which comprises the water pipe 22b, and comprise the water flow path 48 inside the water heat exchanger 22 with the single hole flat tube 42. . In the present embodiment, the third header 52a is divided into three pieces, that is, a water inlet 60a and a water outlet 60b in the water heat exchanger 22 and an internal space thereof divided into an upstream space 58a, a midstream space 58b, and a downstream space 58c. Second baffle plates 57a and 57b. Further, in the present embodiment, the fourth header 52b has one second baffle plate 57c that divides the internal space into two, an upstream space 58d and a downstream space 58e.

(Flow of refrigerant and water in the water heat exchanger)
The refrigerant flows into the upstream space 56a of the first header 51a from the refrigerant inlet 59a of the water heat exchanger, and constitutes two refrigerant pipes 22a connected to the upstream space 56a (the heat exchange members 53a and 53b in FIG. 5). (Refer to the solid line arrows in FIGS. 4 and 5 for the flow direction of the refrigerant). The refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 22a constituting the heat exchange members 53a and 53b flows into the upstream space 56d of the second header 51b, and is disposed immediately after the heat exchange members 53a and 53b. It flows into the refrigerant pipe 22a constituting 53d. The refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipes 22a constituting the heat exchange members 53c and 53d flows into the midstream space 56b of the first header 51a and is disposed immediately after the heat exchange members 53c and 53d. It flows into the refrigerant pipe 22a constituting 53f. The refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 22a constituting the heat exchange members 53e and 53f flows into the downstream space 56e of the second header 51b, and is disposed immediately after the heat exchange members 53e and 53f on the downstream side. It flows into the refrigerant pipe 22a constituting 53h. The refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 22a constituting the heat exchange members 53g and 53h flows into the downstream space 56c of the first header 51a and is discharged from the refrigerant outlet 59b. Thus, the refrigerant is connected immediately after the refrigerant pipe 22a constituting the upstream heat exchange member 53 by the first baffle plates 55a to 55c that partition the inside of the first header 51a and the second header 51b. It is guided to the refrigerant pipe 22a constituting the heat exchange member 53, and circulates so as to meander inside the water heat exchanger 22.

  Further, water flows into the upstream space 58a of the third header 52a from the water inlet 60a of the water heat exchanger, and the two water pipes 22b connected to the upstream space 58a (the heat exchange members 53g and 53h in FIG. 5 are connected). The water pipe which comprises is distribute | circulated (refer the broken-line arrow of FIG. 4, 5 for the flow direction of water). The water flowing through the water pipe 22b constituting the heat exchange members 53g and 53h flows into the upstream space 58e of the fourth header 52b, and is disposed immediately after the heat exchange members 53g and 53h on the downstream side. Flows into the water pipe 22b. The water flowing through the water pipes 22b constituting the heat exchange members 53e and 53f flows into the middle space 58b of the third header 52a and is disposed immediately after the heat exchange members 53e and 53f on the downstream side. Flows into the water pipe 22b. The water flowing through the water pipe 22b constituting the heat exchange members 53c and 53d flows into the downstream space 58d of the fourth header 52b, and is disposed immediately after the heat exchange members 53c and 53d. Flows into the water pipe 22b. The water flowing through the water pipe 22b constituting the heat exchange members 53a and 53b flows into the downstream space 58c of the third header 52a and is discharged from the water outlet 60b. In this way, the refrigerant is heat that is connected immediately after the water pipe 22b constituting the upstream heat exchange member 53 by the second baffle plates 57a to 57c that partition the inside of the third header 52a and the fourth header 52b. It is guided to the water pipe 22b that constitutes the exchange member 53, and circulates so as to meander through the interior of the water heat exchanger 22.

As shown in FIG. 5, the refrigerant and water flow so as to face each other in the same heat exchange member 53. Thereby, in the water heat exchanger 22, the temperature difference of a refrigerant | coolant and water can be ensured entirely. Further, the temperature difference between the refrigerant and water can be made more uniform throughout the water heat exchanger, when the temperature at the beginning and end of the heat exchanger are different refrigerant particularly as the refrigerant is CO _2, the heat exchanger Efficiency can be improved.

<Manufacturing method of water heat exchanger>
A method for manufacturing the water heat exchanger 22 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In step S1, the three-layer plate member 54 is formed by sandwiching and pressing the first aluminum layer 54a, which is aluminum 3003, between the second aluminum layer 54b, which is aluminum 4343.

  In step S2, the single-hole flat tube 42 is formed by bending the four layers of the three-layer plate member 54 formed in step S1.

  In step S3, aluminum 1050 is drawn or extruded to form multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B.

  In step S4, the cylindrical headers 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b in which the first baffle plates 55a-55c and the second baffle plates 57a-57c are inserted at predetermined positions, the multi-hole flat tubes 41A, 41B, The single hole flat tube 42 is assembled like the water heat exchanger 22 of FIG. 5 and joined. In addition, the joining performed in step S4 is a component of the water heat exchanger 22, and the headers 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b, the multi-hole flat tubes 41A, 41B, and the single-hole flat tube 42 are all brazed. Performed in one step.

<Features>
(1)
The water heat exchanger 22 of this embodiment is configured to sandwich a single-hole flat tube 42 between a pair of multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B. The single-hole flat tube 42 sandwiched between the pair of multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B is in close contact with the multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B and the side surfaces on the long side of the cross section. Further, the first header 51a and the second header 52b are connected to both ends of the refrigerant pipe 22a, and the third header 52a and the fourth header 52b are connected to both ends of the water pipe 22b. Further, in the water heat exchanger 22, the heat exchange member 53 and the headers 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b are connected such that a plurality of the heat exchange members 53 are arranged along the second direction L2. Further, the first header 51a and the second header 51b are provided with refrigerant pipes 22a (for example, heat exchange members 53a, 53a, etc.) arranged on the upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction so that the refrigerant meanders inside the water heat exchanger 22. The refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 22a constituting 53b is guided to the refrigerant pipe 22a (for example, the refrigerant pipe 22a constituting the heat exchange members 53c and 53d) disposed immediately downstream of the refrigerant pipe 22a in the refrigerant flow direction. First baffle plates 55a to 55c (for example, first baffle plate 55a) are provided. The third header 52a and the fourth header 52b have water pipes 22b (for example, heat exchange members 53g and 53h) arranged on the upstream side in the water flow direction so that water meanders inside the water heat exchanger 22. The second baffle plate 57a that guides the water flowing through the water pipe 22b) that constitutes the water pipe 22b (for example, the water pipe 22b that constitutes the heat exchange members 53e and 53f) disposed immediately downstream of the water pipe 22b in the water flow direction. To 57c (for example, the second baffle plate 57a) are provided.

  In this way, the refrigerant tube 22a is the multi-hole flat tube 41A, 41B, and the water tube 22b is the single-hole flat tube 42, so that, for example, an effect equivalent to winding a refrigerant tube thinner than the water tube around one water tube is obtained. Obtainable. That is, it can be set as the structure which takes the heat-transfer area where a refrigerant | coolant transfers heat with respect to water widely. Since the heat exchange member 53 in which the refrigerant tube 22a and the water tube 22b are in close contact with each other is molded using a flat tube, the heat exchange member 53 can be formed by merely bringing the three flat tubes into close contact. Manufacture can be performed more easily than a configuration in which a plurality of refrigerant tubes thinner than the water tube are wound around the water tube. Furthermore, the header 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b is provided in each pipe in a state where the refrigerant pipe 22a and the water pipe 22b are brought into close contact with each other, and the portion where the water and the refrigerant exchange heat is extended to provide a water heat exchanger. The refrigerant flow path 47 and the water flow path 48 meander in the whole 22. Therefore, the distance of the heat exchange member 53 can be increased without bending the heat exchange member 53. As described above, since the meander structure is not formed by directly bending the heat exchanging member 53, the entire structure of the water heat exchanger 22 is made compact while ensuring the distance of the heat exchanging member 53 at a predetermined distance or more. Can do.

(2)
The water heat exchanger 22 of the present embodiment is arranged so that the first header 51a and the second header 51b through which the refrigerant flows are outside the first direction L1 of the third header 52a and the fourth header 52b through which water flows. The first header 51a and the second header are configured so as to bypass the third header 52a and the fourth header 52b at a portion where the refrigerant tube 22a is not in close contact with the water tube 22b (that is, a portion other than the close contact portion). 51b.

  Therefore, in the configuration in which the headers 51a, 51b, 52a, and 52b are provided at both ends of the refrigerant pipe 22a and the water pipe 22b, respectively, the header is made while keeping the portion where the refrigerant pipe 22a and the water pipe 22b are in close contact with each other as much as possible. The number of 51a, 51b, 52a, 52b can be minimized. For this reason, the water heat exchanger 22 can be comprised compactly.

(3)
In the water heat exchanger 22 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant flowing inside the refrigerant pipe 22a and the water flowing inside the water pipe 22b flow in directions opposite to each other.

  Therefore, a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water can be ensured. Further, the temperature difference between the refrigerant and water can be made uniform in the entire water heat exchanger 22, and particularly when the refrigerant is a refrigerant having different temperatures at the beginning and end of heat exchange, such as a supercritical refrigerant. Heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

(4)
In the hydrothermal exchanger 22 of the present embodiment, the single-hole flat tube 42 is formed by sandwiching a first aluminum layer 54a composed of aluminum 3003 with a second aluminum layer 54b composed of aluminum 4343, and making the contact 3 The layer plate member 54 is formed by bending. And since the 2nd aluminum layer 54b arrange | positioned at the water flow path 48 side is a plate-shaped member with a larger ionization tendency than the 1st aluminum layer 54a, when corrosion prevention by water occurs first from the 2nd aluminum layer 54b. Anticorrosion begins.

  For this reason, the second aluminum layer 54b is corroded more than the first aluminum layer 54a by disposing the second aluminum layer 54b composed of the aluminum 4343, which has a higher ionization tendency than the aluminum 3003, on the side that becomes the water flow path 48. Thus, the first aluminum layer 54a can be prevented from being corroded.

(5)
In the water heat exchanger 22 of the present embodiment, the refrigerant pipe 22a, the water pipe 22b, the first header 51a, the second header 51b, the third header 52a, and the fourth header 52b are all brazed together. To be joined.

  Therefore, the labor required for joining can be reduced and joining can be performed easily.

<Modification>
As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of invention.

(1)
In the water heat exchanger 22 according to the above embodiment, the single-hole flat tube 42 is formed from the three-layer plate-like member 54, but not limited to this, an anticorrosion coating agent is applied to one side of an aluminum alloy. You may shape | mold from a plate-shaped member. In this case, the single-hole flat tube is formed by bending so that the anticorrosion coating agent is on the inside.

(2)
In the water heat exchanger 22 according to the above-described embodiment, the portion where the single-hole flat tube 42 is in close contact with the multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B (straight portion 42a) is linear in the cross-sectional shape. Without being limited thereto, this portion may be a single-hole flat tube 72 on which dimple processing is performed as shown in FIG. Note that the dimple processing is performed by applying pressure to the three-layer plate-like member 54 with rollers having irregularities from both sides thereof.

(3)
In the water heat exchanger 22 according to the above embodiment, the heat exchanging member 53 has a shape in which the single-hole flat tube 42 is sandwiched between the pair of multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B, but is not limited thereto. It is good also as a shape which adheres one multi-hole flat tube 41A, 41B with respect to the hole flat tube 42. FIG.

(4)
In the above embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the single-hole flat tube 42 is composed of the two first straight portions 42a and the two second straight portions 42b that connect the two first straight portions 42a. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the two portions that connect the two first straight portions 42a may not be straight.

(5)
In the above embodiment, eleven refrigerant channels 47 are formed in a line in the flat portion main body 46 of the multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B, but the present invention is not limited to this. The number and arrangement of holes may be arbitrarily set.

(6)
In the above embodiment, the CO ₂ as a refrigerant, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, hydrocarbons or chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants may be used as the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant.

(7)
In the above embodiment, the pair of multi-hole flat tubes 41A and 41B is a multi-hole structure molded into an integral member, but is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, two multi-hole flat tubes 71A and 71B may be arranged side by side. A plurality of thin tubes may be joined to form a single multi-hole flat tube. However, even if a multi-hole flat tube is constituted by a plurality of members in this way, the multi-hole flat tube is closely attached to the surface of the two straight portions of the single-hole flat tube, so that It is possible to prevent heat dissipation to the air.

  The water heat exchanger according to the present invention can prevent a decrease in heat exchange efficiency and can simplify the configuration, and is useful as a water heat exchanger that exchanges heat between refrigerant and water.

22 Water heat exchanger 22a Refrigerant tube 22b Water tubes 41A, 41B Multi-hole flat tube 42 Single-hole flat tube 47 Refrigerant flow path (refrigerant flow path hole)
48 Water channel (Water channel hole)
51a 1st header 51b 2nd header 52a 3rd header 52b 4th header 55a-55c 1st baffle plate 57a-57c 2nd baffle plate 71A, 71B Multi-hole flat tube L1 1st direction L2 2nd direction

JP 2006-336894 A

Claims (13)

A water heat exchanger (22) for exchanging heat between refrigerant and water,
A refrigerant tube (22a) comprising a multi-hole flat tube (41A, 41B, 71A, 71B) having a plurality of refrigerant flow passage holes (47) through which the refrigerant can flow;
A water pipe (22b) comprising a single hole flat pipe (42) having one water flow path hole (48) through which the water can flow;
A first header (51a) for the refrigerant connected to one end of the refrigerant pipe;
A second header (51b) for the refrigerant connected to the other end of the refrigerant pipe;
A third header for water (52a) connected to one end of the water pipe;
A fourth header (52b) for water connected to the other end of the water pipe;
With
The refrigerant pipe and the water pipe have a close contact surface in which the side surfaces on the long side of the cross section are in close contact with each other,
The contact surface has a substantially rectangular shape, and a first direction (L1) which is a longitudinal direction thereof coincides with a flow direction of the refrigerant or the water.
Water heat exchanger (22). The refrigerant pipe is composed of a pair of multi-hole flat tubes (41A, 41B),
The water pipe is sandwiched between a pair of the refrigerant pipes,
The water heat exchanger (22) according to claim 1. In the first direction, the first header and the second header are arranged such that at least their centers are located outside the centers of the third header and the fourth header,
The refrigerant pipe is curved to avoid the third header and the fourth header at a portion not in close contact with the water pipe,
The water heat exchanger (22) according to claim 1 or 2. The first header, the second header, the third header, and the fourth header have a shape extending in a second direction (L2) intersecting the first direction,
The refrigerant pipe and the water pipe are in close contact with each other, and a plurality of them are arranged in the second direction.
The plurality of refrigerant tubes include at least one or more first refrigerant tubes on the upstream side in the refrigerant flow direction, and at least one or more first refrigerant tubes immediately downstream of the first refrigerant tube in the refrigerant flow direction. A second refrigerant pipe,
The plurality of water pipes include at least one or more first water pipes on the upstream side in the water flow direction and at least one or more second water pipes immediately after the first water pipe on the downstream side in the refrigerant flow direction. And
The first header and / or the second header has first baffle plates (55a to 55c) for guiding the refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant pipe to the second refrigerant pipe,
The third header and / or the fourth header has second baffle plates (57a to 57c) for guiding water flowing through the first water pipe to the second water pipe,
The water heat exchanger (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The refrigerant flowing inside the refrigerant pipe and the water flowing inside the water pipe flow in directions opposite to each other,
The water heat exchanger (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The single-hole flat tube is
A plate-like first aluminum alloy member (54a);
A plate-like second aluminum alloy member (54b) having a higher ionization tendency than the first aluminum alloy member;
Have
The three-layer plate member (54) formed by sandwiching the first aluminum alloy member by the second aluminum alloy member from both sides of the first aluminum alloy member is formed by bending.
The water heat exchanger (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The second aluminum alloy member functions as a brazing material during brazing,
The water heat exchanger (22) according to claim 6. The single-hole flat tube is
A plate-like aluminum alloy member;
An anticorrosion coating agent applied to one side of the aluminum alloy member;
Have
Formed by bending so that the anticorrosion coating agent is on the inside,
The water heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The single-hole flat tube is subjected to dimple processing on at least the side surface on the long side of the cross section,
The water heat exchanger according to any one of claims 6 to 8. The refrigerant pipe, the water pipe, the first header, the second header, the third header, and the fourth header are all joined together by being brazed together.
The water heat exchanger (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The multi-hole flat tube is formed by drawing or extruding,
The water heat exchanger (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 10. The refrigerant is CO2.
The water heat exchanger (22) according to any one of claims 1 to 11. A crimping step of forming a three-layer plate member (54) by sandwiching and crimping the first aluminum alloy member (54a) with the second aluminum alloy member (54b) having a higher ionization tendency than the first aluminum alloy member ( S1)
A flat tube forming step (S2) for bending the three-layer plate-shaped member to form a single-hole flat tube;
A multi-hole tube forming step (S3) for forming the multi-hole flat tube (41A, 41B) by drawing or extruding;
The multi-hole flat tube, the flat tube, a first header (51a) connected to one end of the multi-hole flat tube, and a second header for the refrigerant connected to the other end of the multi-hole flat tube (51b), the third header (52a) connected to one end of the flat tube, and the fourth header (52b) for water connected to the other end of the flat tube are brazed together. Joining step (S4) to join,
A method for producing a water heat exchanger (22).

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