JP2010216387A - Hydraulic power generation device and hydraulic power generation method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydraulic power generation device which solves unstable power generation by staying unaffected by a natural environment, is extremely energy efficient without depending on an orientation of an ocean current or the like with respect to an installation site, and without consuming a huge amount of operating power, and which offers ease of operation. <P>SOLUTION: The hydraulic power generation device 1 to generate hydraulic power by generating a pumped water stream directed from under water toward the water surface by water pressure includes: a lifting pipe 3 with its one end serving as an inlet port 3c and the other end as an injection port 3a; a fountain passage 20 disposed in such a manner as to surround a fountain column injected from the injection port of the lifting pipe; a water storage tank 6 to receive water falling from the top of the fountain column spurting up by water pressure within the fountain passage; a discharge means 8 to discharge water temporarily stored in the water storage tank to the outside of the water storage tank; and a water wheel 5 arranged inside the lifting pipe between the inlet port and the injection port and rotating with the pumped water stream flowing inside the pipe to generate electrical power via a hydraulic power generator 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydroelectric generator used in an environment where fresh water such as lakes, swamps, rivers, and dams or seawater such as the sea is artificially or naturally stored at a predetermined depth.

  In general, various hydroelectric generators that generate hydroelectric power using an artificial dam or the like, or various apparatuses that generate electric power using tidal currents or ocean currents have been proposed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a water wheel that rotates by tidal currents and ocean currents, a side boat and a central boat that support the water wheel, and a generator that is driven by the rotational energy of the water wheel installed in the side boat and the central boat. , And the water turbine is a slat type water turbine disposed on the sea surface and a submersible water turbine disposed in the sea.

  As another example, Patent Document 2 discloses a cylindrical cuboid-shaped floating body installed in the sea via a anchor and a mooring chain, a water turbine disposed inside the cylindrical cuboid, and rotation of the water turbine. An ocean current power generation submersible including a generator that converts electricity and a submarine power transmission line that transmits power generated by the generator is described.

  Furthermore, as another example, Patent Document 3 includes an air lamp having a water absorption pipe, an upper portion of the water absorption pipe protruding from the water line by 7 to 8 m, and an airtight and openable cap. A configuration is described in which one or a plurality of Pascal pipes are bent, and the Pascal pipe is bent downward and joined to a waterfall pipe directed to the bottom of the ship, and further, a fountain pipe directed to the stern by bending the joined waterfall pipe sideways is described. Has been. A water wheel is provided in the water pipe, and a generator connected to the water wheel is provided. Furthermore, the drainage pipe connected to the injection port that opens into the stern sea is in a state of being larger than the other pipes, and is configured such that a drainage wheel is provided therein and can be rotated by a motor.

JP 2000-297737 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-259064 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-215460

However, the conventional hydroelectric power generation apparatus or method has the following circumstances.
In the devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, since power generation is performed by rotating a turbine by the current of ocean current or tidal current, the power generation efficiency is greatly influenced by the natural environment, and stable power generation is possible. It was difficult to secure. In addition, the device installed on the ship needs to fix the direction of the device itself according to the direction of the ocean current or tidal current, and because there is a need for a place for it, the degree of freedom in the installation conditions is low, Since the structure for fixing the orientation of the device also needs to be adapted to the natural environment, it is not easy to fix the orientation of the device.

  In the apparatus described in Patent Document 3, a water absorption pipe, a Pascal pipe, a waterfall pipe, or the like is used for a ship, and a drainage vehicle in the pipe is driven by a drainage car motor to generate power. It was impossible to operate as a typical power generator.

  Therefore, the present invention was created in consideration of the above circumstances, is not affected by the natural environment, eliminates the generation of unstable power, and depends on the ocean current or the like to the place where it is installed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydroelectric power generation apparatus and a hydroelectric power generation method that are extremely energy-saving and easy to operate without minimizing the influence and consuming enormous driving power.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the hydraulic power generation apparatus according to the present invention is a hydroelectric power generation apparatus that performs hydroelectric power generation by generating a pumping flow from the underwater side to the water surface side by water pressure. The hydropower generation apparatus is disposed in water and has one end on the underwater side. A water intake pipe with the other end facing the water surface side and a water injection port with the other end facing the water surface, and a position communicating with the atmosphere from the position surrounding the water injection port to the water surface side And a fountain passage provided so as to surround the fountain column ejected from the ejection port by water pressure, and the fountain passage so as to receive water falling from the top of the fountain column spouted by the water pressure in the fountain passage Between a water storage tank installed above and below the water surface, discharge means for discharging the water once stored in the water storage tank to the outside of the water storage tank, and an inlet and an injection port of the pumping pipe Placed in a pipe Rotated by pumping flow that was a water turbine for generating electric power through a hydroelectric generator, configured to include a.

  With this configuration, the hydroelectric generator is installed so as to float or be fixed in water. For example, in a hydroelectric generator, a structure that is located in water and receives water pressure is installed here as a fountain passage, and water is introduced by water pressure from an inlet of a pumping pipe installed on the underwater side of the fountain passage. At the same time, water is ejected from the ejection port toward the water surface and stored in the water storage tank. And a hydraulic power unit can obtain electric power by rotating a water turbine of a hydroelectric generator by a pumping flow which flows in a pumping pipe by water pressure. In addition, the hydroelectric generator is spouted by water pressure so that the water jetted as the fountain column from the outlet of the pumped water pipe reaches the water storage tank at a position lower than the water surface. Therefore, the hydroelectric generator pumps up the water once stored in the water storage tank by, for example, the water surface outside the water storage tank by the discharging means.

In the hydroelectric generator, the discharge means includes a discharge pipe installed from the water storage tank toward the water surface, and a drive pump that pumps water in the water storage tank onto the water surface through the discharge pipe. It was set as the structure which has.
With this configuration, the hydroelectric generator is configured to always return the water in the water tank to the water surface side by driving the drive pump to pump the water that has been jetted by water pressure and temporarily stored in the water tank to the water surface by the discharge pipe. Yes.

Further, in the hydroelectric generator having the above-described configuration, it is preferable that the pumping pipe is arranged such that a fountain column is inclined at a predetermined angle from a vertical direction when a pumping flow flowing in the pipe by water pressure is injected from an injection port. .
With such a configuration, in the hydroelectric power generation device, the fountain column injected from the injection port is inclined at a predetermined angle, and when the injected water falls from the top of the fountain column, the water direction is the same direction. It becomes easy to be received in the tank.

Furthermore, in the hydroelectric power generation device having the above-described configuration, a rectifier that rectifies water passing therethrough may be installed at one or both of the introduction port and the injection port.
With this configuration, when a rectifier is installed at the inlet, the hydroelectric generator can efficiently turn the water turbine without generating vortices or the like in the pumped water flowing through the pumping pipe, and the rectifier at the outlet. When is installed, the injected fountain column is injected in a state of little splash and sent to the water storage tank.

The hydroelectric generator having the above-described configuration may be configured such that the pumping pipe is further provided with opening / closing means for closing or opening the pumping pipe between the inlet and the injection port.
With this configuration, if the opening / closing means of the hydroelectric generator is configured to be remotely operated, for example, the operability of the hydroelectric generator is improved.

In the hydroelectric generator, when a plurality of discharge pipes are arranged, it is convenient to direct the water drained from the discharge pipes to the offing.
Also, in the hydroelectric power generator, when the water outlet is formed so that it does not face the bottom of the water or a bent pipe is installed, if the water bottom is close to the inlet, the solids etc. on the bottom of the water are sucked up. Because there is not, it is convenient.

  Further, the hydroelectric power generation method according to the present invention is a hydroelectric power generation method for performing hydroelectric power generation by rotating a water turbine provided in the pumping pipe through a pumping flow generated by water pressure in the pumping pipe arranged in water. The first step of introducing water by water pressure from the inlet provided on one end side of the pumping pipe to rotate the water wheel arranged in the pipe line of the pumping pipe, and the other step of the pumping pipe Water that has rotated the water wheel is injected as a fountain by water pressure into a fountain passage provided toward the water surface from a position surrounding the injection port, and the fountain is located above the fountain passage and at a position lower than the water surface. A second step of receiving water in a water tank provided at a position where it is possible to receive a drop from the top of the column; and a step of pumping water stored in the water tank onto the water surface by a discharging means and discharging the water. Including 3 steps, before By continuously carried out repeatedly until the third step from the first step, by using a driving force of the water turbine which is rotated by a pumping flow through the pumping tube, it was decided that generates power through a hydroelectric generator.

  According to such a procedure, in the hydroelectric power generation method, a pumping flow that flows in the pumping pipe from the underwater side to the water surface side is generated by water pressure, and is injected as a fountain state from the injection port of the pumping pipe to the water storage tank. The pump is continuously pumped up by the discharge means and the water in the reservoir is discharged out of the tank. During this continuous process, the turbine in the pump is rotated to transmit the driving force of the turbine to the hydroelectric generator. Hydroelectric power generation.

The hydroelectric generator and the hydroelectric power generation method according to the present invention have excellent effects as described below.
Hydroelectric power generation equipment uses a pumping flow in the pumping pipe with water pressure in the opposite direction to falling water without using fossil fuel in dams, lakes, reservoirs, rivers, oceans, etc. where water is stored. Can be generated by a hydroelectric generator.

  Therefore, the hydroelectric power generation apparatus according to the present invention is an apparatus suitable for environmental conservation because it can obtain electric power with little generation of carbon dioxide. Furthermore, the hydroelectric generator forces water underwater or bottom water to be injected from the injection port by the water pressure applied to the injection port of the pumped pipe, stored in the water storage tank, and returned to the water surface by the discharge means, forcing water circulation. Since this will supply oxygen into the water, it will contribute to the prevention of water quality deterioration in the surrounding area.

Since the hydroelectric generator is provided with the pumping pipe so that the fountain column injected from the pumping pipe is inclined, the injected water can be efficiently stored in the water storage tank.
The hydroelectric power generator is equipped with a rectifier at one or both of the introduction port and / or the injection port to improve the efficiency of rotating the water turbine, or the injected fountain column is in a state where it has less splash and is efficiently stored in the water tank. it can.
The hydroelectric generator is provided with an opening / closing means in the pumping pipe, so that it is easy to perform operations when driving and is convenient for maintenance.

  The hydroelectric power generation method uses a water pressure as a driving source to generate a pumping flow in the pumping pipe, injecting water from the injection port of the pumping pipe toward the water tank at a position lower than the water surface in the fountain passage, and temporarily storing and discharging the water By continuously performing the pumping operation on the surface of the water by means, the water turbine is rotated using the generated pumping flow to generate electricity. Therefore, this hydroelectric power generation method can stably generate power while minimizing the influence from the natural environment.

It is sectional drawing which shows typically the whole hydroelectric power generator which concerns on this invention from a side surface direction. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the whole hydroelectric generator which concerns on this invention from a front direction. It is a top view showing typically the hydroelectric generator concerning the present invention from the upper part of the water surface. It is a perspective view which shows typically the positional relationship of the water storage tank and fountain column of the hydroelectric generator which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows typically the relationship between the jet water high distance of the jet water of the hydroelectric generator which concerns on this invention, and draft depth. It is sectional drawing which shows typically an example which installed the hydroelectric generator which concerns on this invention in the water base. It is a perspective view showing typically an example which installed a hydroelectric generator concerning the present invention in a dam. It is a perspective view which shows typically the other structure about the housing | casing of the hydraulic power unit which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In addition, the hydroelectric generator 1 is demonstrated as an example installed in the waterfront side of a shore in description of FIGS. 1-4. In addition, this hydroelectric power generation device is installed at a target location for fresh water such as lake water, estuaries, and dams, or a target location for seawater such as coasts, or a water base (sea base) installed on the water (at sea). Of course, a floating structure floating on the water (on the ocean) (floating structure on the sea) or a structure installed and operated on a ship may be used.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the hydroelectric generator 1 is installed in a foundation installation part (structure) SB formed in a part of the coast and is fixed (supported) in water. ing. The hydroelectric generator 1 includes a housing support structure 2, a pumping pipe 3, a hydroelectric generator 4 in which a water turbine 5 is provided in the pumping pipe 3, and a fountain serving as a passage for a fountain column WP fountained from the pumping pipe 3. A passage 20, a water storage tank 6 that receives water from the fountain passage 20, and a discharge means 8 that discharges the water in the water storage tank 6 to the water surface Ws are provided. The hydroelectric generator 1 includes a three-layered casing support structure 2 in which a structure serving as a housing is disposed so as to receive water pressure from the water surface Ws to a predetermined depth. That is, the housing support structure 2 has a configuration of a lower installation portion 2a, an intermediate installation portion 2b, and an upper installation portion 2c from the lower side toward the intermediate side and further toward the upper side.

  And in the lower installation part 2a, the hydroelectric generator 4 containing the pumping pipe 3 and the water wheel 5 provided in the pipe is installed. Moreover, the fountain channel | path 20 which makes the fountain channel | path the space in which the water injected from the pumping pipe 3 receives the water pressure and forms the fountain column WP is installed in the intermediate installation part 2b. Furthermore, in the upper installation part 2c, a water storage tank 6 for receiving and storing the water of the jet water that has been sprayed from the pumping pipe 3 and formed the fountain column WP, and the water stored in the water storage tank 6 are stored in the water storage tank 6 A discharge means 8 for discharging to the outside is also provided.

  The housing support structure 2 is formed continuously from the upper installation portion 2c so that an intermediate installation portion 2b communicates with the atmosphere above the water surface Ws at an intermediate portion thereof. Here, since the space inside the intermediate installation part 2b communicates with the atmosphere side, the upper end side of the upper installation part 2c is arranged at a position higher than the water surface, and the upper installation part 2c communicates with the atmosphere through a communication hole or the like. It is formed so as to communicate. Moreover, the bottom surface of the intermediate installation part 2b is installed so that the bottom part of the intermediate installation part 2b is at a draft depth position from the water surface and receives water pressure. And the intermediate installation part 2b should just have the space width which can be installed so that the fountain channel | path 20 of the fountain pillar WP formed by injecting from the pumping pipe 3 mentioned later sprays upwards without an obstacle, The shape and the like are not limited. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the upper installation portion 2 c and the fountain passage 20 are provided without a partition so that the fountain column WP is ejected.

  Inside the intermediate installation part 2b, a fountain passage 20 is formed so as to surround the fountain column WP at a position around the injection port 3a. The fountain passage 20 has such a diameter as to have a space that allows the fountain column WP to be spouted upward. A communication hole 21 communicating with the intermediate installation portion 2b is formed below the fountain passage 20, and water dropped into the fountain passage 20 is poured into the intermediate installation portion 2b from the communication hole 21. .

  In addition, in the intermediate installation part 2b, it is conceivable that water is collected at the bottom when jetting from the injection port 3a. For example, a drainage chamber (not shown) continuous to the intermediate installation part 2b is provided and discharged. You may make it comprise so that it may discharge | emit forcedly outside (underwater) from a chamber. Or the water which accumulates in the bottom part of the fountain channel 20 or the intermediate installation part 2b is a small quantity with respect to the quantity of the water to inject. Therefore, it is once pumped up to an intermediate position from the position of the stored water to the water surface Ws by a driving means such as a pump, and further pumped up from the intermediate position to the water surface Ws in stages (two or more stages are possible, three stages, four stages, etc.). Then, the drainage channel may be connected to be finally pumped up to the water surface Ws and drained.

  A pumping pipe 3 and a hydroelectric generator 4 are installed in the lower installation part 2 a of the housing support structure 2. The pumping pipe 3 has an opening that is one end thereof as a water inlet 3c facing downward on the bottom of the water, and an opening that is the other end facing upward as the water surface side as a water jet 3a. They are arranged along the vertical direction or at a predetermined inclination angle. The injection port 3a is installed so as to protrude from the bottom of the lower installation part 2a. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the pumping pipe 3 is installed in a state inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical direction when viewed from the offshore side. As the pumping pipe 3 is inclined in this way, the fountain column WP injected from the injection port 3a is inclined in one direction from the vertical, and the water storage tank 6 which will be described later for the water that is injected and falls becomes easier to receive. The design is such that the sprayed water is prevented from splashing out of the water storage tank 6 as much as possible.

  The inclination angle of the fountain column WP is preferably in the range of 3 to 45 degrees, more preferably 15 to 30 degrees with respect to the vertical. When the inclination angle is within the above range, the water falling from the top of the fountain column WP can easily be directed in one direction, and the space of the fountain passage 2b can be narrowed. It can be installed in a small space. Even if the pumping pipe 3 is inclined, if the space of the fountain passage 20 is sufficiently wide, the fountain passage 20 may be installed vertically. Of course, the fountain passage 20 is inclined along the fountain column WP. It may be installed (FIG. 2 shows an inclined state).

  Moreover, the water pump 3 is provided with the branch part 13 which the center part which becomes the intermediate | middle of the inlet 3c and the injection port 3a branched into two branches. And the pumping pipe 3 is formed so that the cross-sectional area of the pipe | tube in the inlet 3c, the branch part 13 (total of the one side branch pipe 13a and the other side branch pipe 13b), and the injection port 3a may become equal here, respectively. . Furthermore, the rectifier 12 is installed in the pumping pipe 3 at at least one of the position of the inlet 3c and the position of the injection port 3a. This rectifier 12 improves the rotational efficiency of the water turbine described later by adjusting the flow direction of the pumped water flow in the pumped pipe 3, or prevents the fountain column WP injected from the injection port 3a from becoming turbulent, The arrival rate at which the water jetted toward 6 reaches the inside of the water storage tank 6 can be improved.

  A rotary shaft 5b is rotatably provided in a watertight manner at a position of a lower portion where the branching portion 13 of the pumping pipe 3 branches, and a water turbine 5 is installed in the pipe. The water turbine 5 is provided such that the blade portion is disposed over the pipelines of the one side branch pipe 13a and the other side branch pipe 13b. The water wheel used here is, for example, a pumped water flow in which the shape, mounting angle, etc. of the blades provided on the peripheral surface of the runner cone in the propeller water turbine flow from the front surface of the runner cone toward the rotating shaft 5b (arrow in FIG. 1). ) So that it can rotate with respect to. Further, on the other end side of the rotating shaft 5b, a bearing portion 5c and the like are installed so that a stable rotating motion can be performed when the water turbine 5 is rotated by the pumped water flow. The driving force generated by the rotation of the water turbine 5 is converted into electric power through a hydroelectric generator 4 installed at a position adjacent to the pumping pipe 3.

  The hydroelectric generator 4 includes a generator main body 4b having a stator and a rotor for converting rotational driving force transmitted by an annular transmission belt (chain or the like) 4a spanned on a rotating shaft 5b via a pulley or the like into electric power. The power generated by the generator main body 4 b is transmitted to a predetermined place via the power transmission cable 10. Further, the transmission belt 4a may be configured to be able to transmit to the rotating shaft of the hydroelectric generator 4 through a driven gear. In particular, when installing across the other side branch pipe 13b, if the other side branch pipe 13b has a diameter larger than that of the rotating shaft 5b, a driven gear (not shown) is arranged to the other side branch pipe 13b. The transmission belt 4a is configured and installed so as not to contact.

  In addition, the structure of the water turbine 5 and the hydroelectric generator 4 installed in the pumping pipe 3 can use the same structure as the hydroelectric generator used for a dam etc., and respond | corresponds to the shape of a turbine blade, an attachment angle, etc. It can be realized by forming and using it. In general hydroelectric power generation carried out at dams and the like, the water turbine is rotated by dropping the water flow from the top to the bottom. Here, however, the water bottom in the pumping pipe 3 is reversed by water pressure. The water turbine 5 is rotated using a pumping flow rising from the side to the water surface side.

  Further, the pumping pipe 3 is provided with an opening / closing valve 9 as an opening / closing means for closing or opening the inside of the pipeline at a position immediately above the inlet 3c. The opening / closing valve 9 is configured to perform an opening / closing operation by an operation from the operation chamber OP. The pumping flow that is introduced from the inlet 3c of the pumping pipe 3 and rotates the water turbine 5 is jetted from the jetting port 3a toward the water storage tank 6 in a state where the flows from the one side branch pipe 13a and the other side branch pipe 13b merge. To do. The jetted water is once stored in the water storage tank.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a water storage tank 6 and a discharge means 8 are installed in the upper installation part 2c. The water storage tank 6 is a container-like object that is fixed to the upper installation part 2c and that receives water sprayed from the spray port 3a. The installation height of the water storage tank 6 is adjusted in the upper installation portion 2c of the housing support structure 2 according to the diameter of the pumping pipe 3 and the draft depth position. The water storage tank 6 receives and stores the water injected from the injection port 3a of the pumping pipe 3, and performs the operation of returning (reducing) the water stored on the water surface of the installation place by the discharge means 8 described later. Sometimes, the capacity is designed so that water does not overflow from the water storage tank 6.

An example for setting the position of the water storage tank 6 is shown below.
The ejection speed of water ejected from the ejection port 3a installed at the bottom of the fountain passage 20 of the housing support structure 2 is determined by the condition that determines the ejection speed from the height of the water surface Ws to the opening height of the ejection port 3a. It can be obtained from the relationship between the draft having a distance H1 (= H = 10 m (an example of a basic design value)) and the pumping pipe diameter R. Here, as an example, the velocity head Hv and the fountain amount Q (m ³ / day) corresponding to the draft (draft depth) and the head distance are calculated using specific numerical values. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the position of the injection port 3a is the position of the bottom surface or the side surface and is located on the underwater (sea floor) side from the water surface Ws, so that the injection flow can be expressed. it can. The hydroelectric generator 1 calculates the height (distance) of water (seawater) that spouts from the position (H2) corresponding to the ejection height in the case of a simple model as shown in FIG. is doing.

A specific formula for calculating the height of the jet generated from the jet port 3a serving as an orifice is that the velocity coefficient of the jet port 3a is Cv (= 0.98) and the gravitational acceleration is g (= 9.8 m / s ² ). Assuming that there is no resistance to air or falling water, the height at which the fountain squirts is defined as (jet water high distance) H2, and the squirt height is estimated. At this time, if the ejection velocity at the moment of ejection from the ejection port 3a is V and the velocity head corresponding to that velocity is Hv, the natural distance is that the pumping water high distance H2 is equal to Hv. Hv = V × V (2g) ⁻¹ (Formula 1), and the initial velocity V of the pumping of the pumped water is expressed by the following (Formula 2) of Trichery. V = Cv (2 gH) ^1/2 (Formula 2).

In this (Expression 2), if the value of V is substituted for Hv in (Expression 1), Cv (2gH) ^1/2 × Cv (2gH) ^1/2 / (2g) = Cv × Cv × H (Expression 3) It becomes. Therefore, the ejection height Hv (H2) can be calculated by the following (Equation 4). Hv = Cv × Cv × H (Formula 4). When specific numerical values are substituted, for example, if H (H1) = 10 m and Cv = 0.97 are substituted into (Expression 4), the seawater ejection height from the injection port 3a is approximately 9.6 m, The injection speed at the injection port 3a is 13.7 (m / s). Accordingly, the installation position can be specified by setting the opening position of the water storage tank 6 below the calculated value so as to reliably store the injected water.

  The water in the water storage tank 6 is discharged by the discharge means 8 to the water surface Ws located above the water storage tank 6 is installed. For example, the pumping pump 8a and the discharge pipe 7 are used as the discharge means 8, and the water in the water storage tank 6 is pumped up by the plurality of pumps 8a and the plurality of discharge pipes 7 to become the water surface Ws. And discharged.

  The discharge pipes 7 are disposed at predetermined intervals and are installed so as to discharge the water in the water storage tank 6 toward the offshore side. On the discharge port side of the discharge pipe 7, a cover is provided at a portion that protrudes and faces the water surface Ws of the upper installation portion 2 c of the housing support structure 2, and from the upper installation portion 2 c due to the generation of waves. Water intrusion into the housing support structure 2 is prevented. Moreover, it is preferable that the discharge pipe 7 has a mesh-like cover attached to the tip on the discharge side. When the discharge means 8 is the pump 8a and the discharge pipe 7, the capacity of the pump 8a is calculated from the amount of water injected from the injection port 3a and the storage volume of the storage tank 6 as described later. The (horsepower) and the number of installations and the length of the discharge pipe 7 are set.

When the hydroelectric generator 1 is installed on the land side such as the coast, work is performed so that an operator can enter the hydroelectric generator 4 side installed in the lower installation part 2a of the housing support structure 2. It is desirable to form a working space and a passage to the working space.
In addition, it is desirable that an opening / closing valve 9 as an opening / closing means is installed in the pumping pipe 3 immediately above the inlet 3c. The on-off valve 9 is configured to operate by an operation from an operation room OP installed on the ground side. The opening / closing valve 9 is preferably set so as to close even when a detection signal from a water level detection sensor 11 installed on the upper side of the water storage tank 6 is sent.

  When the water level detection sensor 11 is installed in the water storage tank 6, the detection signal is also sent to the operation room OP and flashes or sounds on the monitor screen (not shown) of the operator operating in the operation room OP. Therefore, it is preferable to be configured to be informed that the on-off valve 9 will be closed from now on. In addition, a monitoring camera is installed in each of the lower installation part 2a, the intermediate installation part 2b, and the upper installation part 2c of the housing support structure 2, and the operation room OP grasps the state of each area. It is preferable to be configured to be able to. The water level detection sensor 11 may be a non-contact type sensor such as an optical sensor, or may be a contact type sensor that detects the water level in contact with water.

Next, the operating state of the hydroelectric generator 1 will be described.
First, the hydroelectric generator 1 opens the opening / closing valve 9 by an operation from the operation chamber OP. When the opening / closing valve 9 is opened, water enters the pumping pipe 3 from the introduction port 3c by water pressure, passes through the pumping pipe 3, and is then injected from the injection port 3a. At this time, the water wheel 5 is rotated by the pumping flow inside the pumping pipe 3 (first step), so that the transmission belt 4a spanned between the rotating shaft 5b and the input rotating shaft of the hydroelectric generator 4 rotates. Therefore, the hydroelectric generator 1 generates electric power via the internal rotor and stator by rotating the transmission belt 4a and rotating the input rotation shaft of the hydroelectric generator 4. The power generation amount of the hydroelectric generator 1 will be described later using specific numerical values.

  On the other hand, in the hydroelectric generator 1, the water jetted by the water pressure from the jet port 3a of the water pump 3 is spouted as a fountain column WP, and the water pump 3 is installed so that the fountain column WP is inclined in a predetermined direction. Therefore, the water falling from the top of the injected water is received and stored in the water storage tank 6 (second step). Then, when the storage of the water injected from the injection port 3 a into the water storage tank 6 is started, the hydroelectric generator 1 operates the pump 8 a of the discharge means 8 to operate the water in the water storage tank 6 through the discharge pipe 7. The water is pumped to the water surface Ws and drained (third step).

  Thus, in the hydroelectric generator 1, the pumping flow is generated inside the pumping pipe 3 by using the hydraulic pressure as a driving source, the pumped water is jetted as the fountain column WP, and the water falling from the top of the fountain column WP is dropped. The operation (first process to third process) of temporarily storing water in the water storage tank 6 and then pumping it up to the water surface Ws by the discharging means 8 (first process to third process) is continuously performed. Therefore, in the hydroelectric generator 1, since the water turbine 5 in the pumping pipe 3 can be rotated by the pumping flow using the water pressure as a driving source and can be generated by the hydroelectric generator 4, it is stable without using fossil fuel. Power generation can be performed. Moreover, since it can be made to operate | move using a part of electric power generated with this hydroelectric generator 4 also with respect to the discharge means 8 etc. which require electric power, it is convenient. The electric power generated by the hydroelectric generator 1 may be stored and used in electric power storage means such as a flywheel.

  Further, the water is forcedly circulated by repeating the pumping of the water or the bottom water by the hydroelectric generator 1 and the movement of the water to the water surface Ws side by the discharge means 8, thereby generating water in the bottom or the bottom. Therefore, operating the hydroelectric generator 1 contributes to water purification. In addition, when the water is pumped up from the water storage tank 6 to the water surface Ws through the discharge pipe 7 by the pump 8a, the water surface is provided with an appropriate height so that the water discharged from the discharge pipe 7 is in contact with the air. When returned to Ws, oxygen in the atmosphere is involved in the water, which has a better effect on water purification.

Next, Table 1 to Table 5 show the results calculated using specific numerical values.
Table 1 shows the relationship between the diameter (dφ) [m] of the injection port 3a and the injection water high distance H2, while changing the draft depth H1. Table 2 shows the hydraulic power ([m ³ / s]) generated by the jet water high distance H2 from the jet port 3a and the diameter of the jet port 3a. Table 3 shows the result of the trial calculation of the numerical value of the power generation amount [kW] when the overall efficiency after the driving operation of the hydroelectric generator 4 is set to 75% and the diameter of the injection port 3a and the injection water high distance H2 are changed. Show. Table 4 shows the pump capacity [kW] necessary for the pump for pumping water from the water storage tank 6 to the water surface Ws by the hydroelectric generator 1 of the present invention. Table 5 shows the result of calculating the numerical value of the amount of power [kW] generated by the hydroelectric generator 1 when the total efficiency obtained by subtracting the amount consumed by the pump is set to 75%. Yes. The hydropower is equivalent to the force that can rotate the water turbine by the pumping flow.

In Table 2, Q = Cc × Cv × A × (2 g H2) ^1/2 (Yokichi Matsumoto 1942, 5th edition Shukyosha Shoin Hydraulic Engineering p11 19 formula) is used to pass Q (injection port) Water amount) was calculated.
Q is the amount of water passing through the nozzle [m ³ / s], Cc is the contraction coefficient [1.0], Cv is the velocity coefficient [0.98], and g is the gravitational acceleration 9.8 [m / s ² ]. , A is the area [m ² ] of the injection port, H2 is the height of the injection water (effective injection height: the same as the effective head [m]) [m], and dφ [m] is the diameter of the injection pipe.

In Table 3, the result calculated as power energy [kW] required in order to inject the injection water equivalent to the passage flow volume Q [m < ³ > / s] calculated in Table 2 is shown. In general, when pressure water is sent through a pipe line, there are causes of a loss head due to a pipe wall, a pipe outlet, a bent shape of a pipe, a valve, and the like, but in the hydroelectric generator 1, the loss head is extremely small. In Table 3, since the shape of the injection port 3a from which the pressure water is injected is a cylindrical shape, the diameter of the circular pipe corresponding to the cross-sectional area (dφ) is set, and the change in the injection water high distance (H2) from which the pressure water is injected is the hydroelectric power generation. It corresponds to the installation draft of the apparatus 1.
Lt = (1000 × Q [m ³ / s] × H 2 [m]) / 102 [kW]
(Yokichi Matsumoto, 1942, 5th edition Shushusha Shoin Hydraulic Engineering, p33 56)
In the equation, Lt is water power (WaterPower) or theoretical power, and is expressed as [kW] as power corresponding to the force for rotating the water turbine by the pumped water flow. Q is the amount of water passing through the injection port [m ³ / s] (using the values in Tables 1 and 2), dφ [m] is the diameter of the injection pipe, and H2 is the injection water high distance (effective injection height: effective head [m ] [M], and the effective injection distance (Actual Lift) and effective head (Actual Head) are shown in Table 3 as trial calculation values.

In Table 4, the pump capacity (kW) or energy when pumping water from the water storage tank 6 to the source water surface is shown.
When jet water is stored in the water storage tank 6, it is necessary to return (return) the water in the water storage tank 6 to the water surface where the hydroelectric generator 1 is installed. In the hydroelectric generator 1, when the position from the pumping up of the pump 8a of the discharge means 8 to the water surface Ws is H3, as shown in Table 4, the height of H3 is changed to 1 m, 2 m, and 3 m, It shows the pumping capacity necessary for pumping the amount of water stored on the horizontal axis.

  It can be seen from Table 4 that a pumping capacity of 173.4 kW is necessary when pumping up from the water storage tank 6 toward the water surface Ws 3 m above. Therefore, by installing a pump or a plurality of pumps corresponding to the pump capacity, the water in the water storage tank 6 can be returned to the water surface Ws outside the water storage tank 6 and drained.

  In Table 5, based on the numerical values calculated in Tables 1 to 4, the amount of power generated is shown assuming that the overall efficiency is 75%. Table 1 shows the distance from the water surface Ws to the jet outlet 3a to the jet water height distance H2 with respect to the draft distance (draft depth) H1. This is shown in Table 5. In Table 5, for example, when the injection water high distance H2 is 30 m and the diameter of the injection port 3a is 1 m, electric power of 4785 [kW / h] can be generated. Therefore, the hydroelectric generator 1 can supply the required amount of electric power by providing a plurality of units at the installation location.

  In this way, if the hydroelectric generator 1 can be installed at a depth of 20 to 30 m in an environment where the diameter of the pumping pipe 1 is 1 m and the water is stored, such as the sea or a pond, the pumping flow generated by the water pressure is used. Electric power of 2592-4785 [kW / h] can be generated.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 6, a state in which the hydroelectric generator 1A is installed at a predetermined position of a water base KB provided on a lake or the sea will be described. In addition, the already demonstrated structure attaches | subjects the same code | symbol and abbreviate | omits description. 1 to 4 are different from the configuration of the hydroelectric generator 1 in that the hydroelectric generator 4 is disposed above the housing support structure 2 and the intermediate installation portion 2b functions as the fountain passage 20A. It is a configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the hydroelectric generator 1A is installed so as to float on the underwater side at one end side of the water base KB. The hydroelectric generator 1A includes a housing support structure 2A installed at a predetermined depth on the underwater side from the floating base KB, a pumping pipe 3 provided on the bottom side of the housing support structure 2A, and the pumping pipe 3 The hydroelectric generator 4 disposed with the water turbine 5 installed in the pipe, the intermediate installation part 2b which is a passage of the fountain column WP ejected from the pumping pipe 3, and the water passing through the intermediate installation part 2b A water storage tank 6 for storing water and discharge means 8 for discharging water stored in the water storage tank 6 to the outside of the water storage tank 6 through a discharge pipe 7 by a pumping pump 8a are provided.

  The housing support structure 2A includes a lower installation part 2a, an intermediate installation part (fountain passage) 2b, an upper installation part 2c, and a transmission means guide installation part provided adjacent to the lower installation part 2a to the upper installation part 2c. 2d. And the upper installation part 2c is provided with the water storage tank 6 and the discharge means 8 which discharges the water in this water storage tank 6 to the water surface Ws outside the water storage tank 6 through the discharge pipe 7 by the pumping pump 8a. ing. Further, the lower installation portion 2 a is provided with a pumping pipe 3, and a water wheel 5 in which a rotating shaft is provided in a watertight manner at a branch portion of the branching portion 13 of the pumping pipe 3, and a transmission belt that transmits the rotational force of the water wheel 5. 4a is installed. Furthermore, the intermediate installation part (fountain passage) 2b is formed to have a space provided with a space in which a fountain column WP ejected from the ejection port 3a toward the water surface is formed.

  The transmission means guide installation portion 2d is provided with transmission drive means 4c for transmitting the rotational force of the transmission belt 4a to the hydroelectric generator 4 installed at the base portion of the water base KB above the housing support structure 2. ing. This transmission drive means 4c is provided with a rotation guide means 4d such as a gear at a predetermined interval on a cylindrical metal rod body. A pulley for transmitting rotation from the transmission belt 4a is installed on one end side, and on the other end side. A pulley that transmits rotational force to the hydroelectric generator 4 is installed. A bearing member for guiding the rotation of the transmission driving means 4c is provided at a position corresponding to the rotation guiding means 4d on the side wall of the transmission means guide installation portion 2d.

  The hydroelectric generator 4 is installed at the base portion of the water base KB, and generates electric power by the rotor and the stator by rotating the rotating shaft via the driving belt (chain or the like) 4e by the rotation of the transmission driving means 4c. The electric power generated by the hydroelectric generator 4 is used for each device used in the water base KB, or stored in a battery or sent to the land side through an electric wire.

In the hydroelectric generator 1A shown in FIG. 6, the hydroelectric generator 4 may be installed at a position adjacent to the pumping pipe 3, and around the fountain column WP ejected from the ejection port 3a. You may install the fountain channel | path 20 shown by.
Thus, even if the hydroelectric generator 1A is installed in the floating base KB floating in the water, the turbine 5 is rotated through the pumped water flow generated by the applied water pressure, so that the power generation is stable without being influenced by the environment. Power can be generated.

  Furthermore, the case where the hydroelectric generator 1B is installed in the dam DW as a structure as shown in FIG. 7 is demonstrated. In addition, the already demonstrated structure attaches | subjects the same code | symbol and abbreviate | omits description. In this hydroelectric power generation device 1B, when the water tank 6 cannot receive the installation surface of the injection port 3a, that is, when the water is accumulated outside the water tank 6, the drainage pipe 30 drains the water.

  That is, the installation position of the housing support structure 2 is configured such that when storing water in the dam DW, a dam wall surface is formed and water is stored in the enclosure of the dam wall. The lower end position (installation surface 2ab) is positioned higher than the river Rv outside the dam wall surface. Therefore, if the drain pipe 30 is installed in communication with a part of the dam wall surface, even if a small amount of water is accumulated in the bottom portion of the fountain passage 20, it is naturally drained to the outside not subjected to water pressure.

  Therefore, when draining with this drainage pipe 30, it will be discharged outside from the installation surface 2ab which is the position of the lower end of the fountain passage 20 even if a power source is not particularly installed. Will be discharged to the outside. Further, it is more convenient if a groove or an inclination is provided on the installation surface 2ab where the injection port 3a of the lower installation part 2a is installed to guide the water to be drained to the drain pipe 30.

  In the hydroelectric generator 1, the intermediate installation portion 2b has been described as having a structure in which the space portion is hermetically sealed. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the intermediate installation portion 2B is configured as a simple tower-shaped support. It doesn't matter. In FIG. 8, the components already described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 8, when the intermediate installation portion 2B is configured as a support, the connection surface of the lower installation portion 2a and the fountain passage 20 and the connection surface 2e of the upper installation portion 2c and the fountain passage 20 are sealed. It will consist of Here, the connection surface 2e of the upper installation part 2c and the fountain passage 20 are installed such that the tip of the fountain passage 20 protrudes from the connection surface 2e.

The connection surface 2e is formed with a recess 2f having a partially recessed portion, and a first pumping means 18 having a pump and a hose for supplying water stored in the recess 2f to the water storage tank 6 is installed.
Moreover, the 2nd pumping means 19 which has a pump and a hose which pump up water to the connection surface 2e of the upper installation part 2c in the position used as the connection surface with the fountain path 20 of the lower installation part 2a in the fountain path 20 is provided. .
Therefore, the water sprayed from the injection port 3 a and falling into the fountain passage 20 is pumped up to the connection surface 2 e by the second pumping means 19 and further sent to the water storage tank 6 by the first pumping means 18.
Thus, even if it is a structure like the intermediate installation part 2B, there can exist an effect equivalent to the hydroelectric generator 1 shown in FIG.

  As explained above, the hydroelectric generators 1, 1 </ b> A, 1 </ b> B rotate the water turbine 5 using the pumped water flow generated in the pumped pipe 3 when water is injected from the injection port 3 a using water pressure as a driving source, Since the rotational force of the water turbine 5 is converted into electric power by the hydroelectric generator 4 to obtain energy, the use of fossil fuel can be suppressed. In addition, water can be circulated by pumping water from the water storage tank 6 to the water surface (sea surface) side underwater (underwater) or water bottom side (sea floor side), so that oxygen is supplied to the water (underwater). , Water quality deterioration can be prevented.

  In the hydroelectric generators 1, 1 </ b> A, and 1 </ b> B, it is preferable that the leading end of the introduction port 3 c be bent so as not to open toward the water bottom (not shown). And it is preferable to provide a mesh-like enclosure outside the introduction port 3c to prevent inhalation of underwater funerals and aquatic animals and plants into the water pumping pipe 3.

  Furthermore, when a plurality of hydroelectric generators 1, 1A, 1B are installed, even if the discharge pipe 7 is fresh water or seawater, it is arranged toward the offshore side, so that water is supplied to a certain area. Can be circulated, and stagnation of water on the bottom side can be improved. Further, when discharging to the water surface Ws side by the discharge pipe 7, a guide plate (not shown) is provided at the tip of the discharge pipe 7, and the direction of the water discharged to the water surface side is guided by the guide plate. I do not care. When guiding the direction of water by such a guide plate, the discharge pipe 7 can be arranged linearly, and the pumping efficiency of water from the water storage tank 6 can be improved.

  In the hydroelectric generators 1, 1 </ b> A, 1 </ b> B, the housing support structure 2 has been described as being divided into three areas. However, it is sufficient that at least the pumped pipe 3 receives water pressure and injects spray water. It is not particularly limited. Further, the pumping pipe 3 is described as being installed inside the housing support structure 2, but if the water pump 5 is waterproof with respect to the rotating shaft 5 b, the transmission belt 4 a, and the hydroelectric generator 4, The tube 3 may be installed so as to be exposed in water.

  In the hydroelectric generators 1, 1 </ b> A, and 1 </ b> B, the explanation has been made so that the fountain column WP ejected from the ejection port 3 a is inclined at a predetermined angle by being arranged in an inclined state. May be arranged vertically and the fountain column WP may have a predetermined inclination angle by forming a continuous pipe reaching the injection port 3a so as to bend gradually from the vertical direction.

  In the configuration described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8, the example is described in which the pumping pipe 3 is inclined so that the fountain column WP is inclined. However, the pumping pipe 3 is installed so that the fountain column WP is vertical. It doesn't matter. When the pumping pipe 3 is installed so that the fountain column WP is vertical, water falls in the direction of 360 degrees from the top of the fountain column WP, so that the water tank having an annular water receiver around the upper end of the fountain passage 20 This can be dealt with by arranging water (not shown).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hydroelectric generator 2 Case support structure 2a Lower installation part 2ab Installation surface 2b Intermediate installation part 2c Upper installation part 2d Transmission means guide installation part 3 Pumping pipe 3a Injection port 3c Inlet 4 Hydroelectric generator 4a Transmission belt 4b Generator main body 4c Transmission drive means 4d Rotation guide means 5 Water wheel 5b Rotating shaft 5c Bearing portion 6 Water storage tank 7 Discharge pipe 8 Discharge means 8a Lift pump (drive pump)
9 Open / close valve (open / close means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Transmission cable 11 Water level detection sensor 12 Rectifier 13 Branch part 13a One side branch pipe 13b Other side branch pipe 20 Fountain passage 21 Communication hole 30 Drain pipe DW Dam KB Water base OP Operation room Rv River Ws Water surface WP Fountain pillar

Claims (6)

In a hydroelectric power generator that generates hydroelectric power by generating a pumping flow from the underwater side to the water surface side by water pressure,
The hydroelectric generator is disposed in water and has one end facing the underwater side to be a water inlet, and the other end is directed to the water surface side to be a water injection port,
A fountain passage disposed so as to surround the fountain column ejected from the ejection port by water pressure, arranged in communication with the atmosphere from the position surrounding the ejection port of the pumping pipe toward the water surface side;
A water tank installed above the fountain passage and at a position lower than the water surface so as to receive water falling from the top of the fountain column spouted by water pressure in the fountain passage,
Discharging means for discharging the water once stored in the water tank to the outside of the water tank;
A turbine arranged in a pipe between the inlet and the injection port of the pumping pipe, rotated by a pumping flow flowing in the pipe, and generating power via a hydroelectric generator;
A hydroelectric power generator comprising:   The discharge means has a discharge pipe installed from the water storage tank toward the water surface, and a drive pump for pumping water in the water storage tank onto the water surface through the discharge pipe. Item 4. The hydroelectric power generation device according to item 1.   The said pumping pipe is provided so that the fountain column at the time of jetting the pumping flow which flows in the pipe by water pressure may incline from the vertical direction by a predetermined angle. The hydroelectric generator as described.   The hydroelectric power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rectifier that rectifies water passing therethrough is installed at one or both of the introduction port and the injection port.   5. The opening / closing means for closing or opening the inside of the pumping pipe is provided between the inlet and the injection port in the pumping pipe. The hydroelectric power generator described in 1. A hydroelectric power generation method for performing hydropower generation by rotating a water wheel provided in the pumping pipe through a pumping flow generated by water pressure in the pumping pipe arranged in water,
A first step of introducing water by water pressure from an inlet provided on one end side of the pumping pipe and rotating the water wheel disposed in the pipe line of the pumping pipe;
From the position surrounding the injection port provided at the other end of the pumping pipe, into the fountain passage provided toward the water surface side and communicating with the atmosphere, water obtained by rotating the water wheel is injected as a fountain by water pressure, and the fountain A second step of receiving water in a water storage tank provided at a position above the passage and at a position lower than the water surface so as to receive a drop from the top of the fountain column;
A third step of pumping and discharging the water stored in the water tank onto the water surface by a discharging means;
By repeating the steps from the first step to the third step repeatedly, electric power is generated through a hydroelectric generator using the driving force of the water turbine rotated by the pumped water flowing in the pumping pipe. Hydroelectric power generation method.

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