JP2010210211A - Refrigerating device - Google Patents

Refrigerating device Download PDF

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JP2010210211A
JP2010210211A JP2009059657A JP2009059657A JP2010210211A JP 2010210211 A JP2010210211 A JP 2010210211A JP 2009059657 A JP2009059657 A JP 2009059657A JP 2009059657 A JP2009059657 A JP 2009059657A JP 2010210211 A JP2010210211 A JP 2010210211A
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defrosting
temperature
electric heater
temperature sensor
resistor
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Masahiko Nakagawa
昌彦 中川
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refrigerating device having an electric heater for defrosting, which, in particular, detects the presence or absence of abnormality in the electric heater for defrosting with high accuracy in a simple and inexpensive equipment configuration. <P>SOLUTION: The electric heater for defrosting is disposed in a cooling chamber having an evaporator, a resistor having a prescribed electric resistance value is connected with the electric heater for defrosting in series, a temperature sensor is disposed near the resistor, a temperature raised by the resistor in the defrosting operation is detected by the temperature sensor, and the detected temperature is compared with a reference temperature in a normal defrosting operation. Thus the presence or absence of the abnormality of the electric heater for defrosting is detected. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、業務用の冷蔵庫、冷凍庫、冷蔵ショーケース、冷凍ショーケースなどの冷凍装置に関するものであり、特に、冷凍装置の除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を検知する技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus such as a commercial refrigerator, freezer, refrigerated showcase, and refrigerated showcase, and more particularly to a technique for detecting the presence or absence of an abnormality in a defrosting electric heater of the refrigeration apparatus.

従来、冷凍装置の除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を検知する技術として、電源線に流れる電流を検出する変流器を設けて、上記変流器の検出電流値が基準値から外れていたら異常と判断するようにしたものが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。   Conventionally, as a technique for detecting the presence or absence of an abnormality in a defrosting electric heater of a refrigeration apparatus, a current transformer that detects a current flowing in a power supply line is provided, and the detected current value of the current transformer deviates from a reference value. What is determined to be abnormal is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

また、従来、冷凍装置の除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を検知する技術として、冷凍回路の作動状態と、複数の温度センサ、例えば、庫内温度センサと除霜センサの検出値の大小関係を比較することで、上記除霜用電気ヒータ等の機器の異常の有無を判断するようにしたものが知られている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。
そして、当業者であれば、特許文献2に記載された従来の技術から、除霜用電気ヒータの表面温度を検出して上記除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を判断するようにすることも導き出すことができる。
Conventionally, as a technique for detecting the presence or absence of an abnormality in the defrosting electric heater of the refrigeration apparatus, the relationship between the operating state of the refrigeration circuit and the detection values of a plurality of temperature sensors, for example, the internal temperature sensor and the defrosting sensor. Is known to determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the device such as the electric heater for defrosting (for example, see Patent Document 2).
And if it is those skilled in the art, from the prior art described in patent document 2, the surface temperature of the defrosting electric heater may be detected to determine whether or not the defrosting electric heater is abnormal. Can be derived.

特開平4−359778号公報(段落0020、図1、図2)JP-A-4-359778 (paragraph 0020, FIGS. 1 and 2) 特開2005−127615号公報(第8頁、図6、図12)Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-127615 (page 8, FIG. 6, FIG. 12)

特許文献1に記載された従来技術は、除霜用電気ヒータの電源線を流れる電流を検出する変流器を用いているので、検出装置として価格が高いという課題があった。
また、特許文献2に記載された従来技術は、冷凍回路の構成要素及び運転状態毎に、庫内温度センサや除霜センサの相関関係をあらかじめ記憶させておいたとしても、上記除霜センサは蒸発器の温度を検出しているため、除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を精度良く検知することができないという課題があった。
Since the conventional technique described in Patent Document 1 uses a current transformer that detects a current flowing through the power line of the electric heater for defrosting, there is a problem that the price of the detection device is high.
Moreover, even if the prior art described in Patent Document 2 previously stores the correlation between the internal temperature sensor and the defrost sensor for each component and operating state of the refrigeration circuit, the defrost sensor is Since the temperature of the evaporator is detected, there is a problem that the presence or absence of abnormality of the defrosting electric heater cannot be accurately detected.

さらに、除霜用電気ヒータの表面温度を検出して上記除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を判断するようにすれば、異常検知は精度良くできるが、除霜用電気ヒータの表面温度が汎用の温度センサの使用範囲を超えているため、採用できないという課題があった。
また、除霜用電気ヒータの表面温度を直接計測するのではなく、上記除霜用電気ヒータの近傍の温度を計測する方法も考えられるが、庫内の温度ムラなどの外乱要素の影響を受けて検出値が変化しやすく、上記除霜用電気ヒータの異常を精度良く検知することができないという課題があった。
Further, if the surface temperature of the defrosting electric heater is detected to determine whether or not the defrosting electric heater is abnormal, the abnormality can be detected with high accuracy, but the surface temperature of the defrosting electric heater is generally used. Because the temperature sensor usage range was exceeded, there was a problem that it could not be adopted.
Also, instead of directly measuring the surface temperature of the defrosting electric heater, a method of measuring the temperature in the vicinity of the defrosting electric heater is also conceivable, but it is affected by disturbance factors such as temperature unevenness in the cabinet. Therefore, there is a problem that the detected value is likely to change and the abnormality of the defrosting electric heater cannot be detected with high accuracy.

本発明は、このような従来の構成が有していた課題を解決しようとするものであり、簡単で安価な機器構成により除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を精度良く検知することのできる冷凍装置とすることを目的としている。   The present invention is intended to solve the problems of such a conventional configuration, and a refrigeration capable of accurately detecting the presence or absence of an abnormality in the defrosting electric heater with a simple and inexpensive device configuration. It is intended to be a device.

本発明に係る冷凍装置は、蒸発器を備えた冷却室内に除霜用電気ヒータを設け、所定の電気抵抗値を有する抵抗体を除霜用電気ヒータと直列に接続するとともに、抵抗体の近傍に温度センサを設け、除霜運転時に抵抗体によって上昇した温度を温度センサにより検出して、除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を検知するようにしたものでものである。   The refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention is provided with an electric heater for defrosting in a cooling chamber provided with an evaporator, and a resistor having a predetermined electric resistance value is connected in series with the electric heater for defrosting and in the vicinity of the resistor. A temperature sensor is provided to detect the temperature of the defrosting electric heater by detecting the temperature increased by the resistor during the defrosting operation by the temperature sensor.

本発明の冷凍装置は、除霜運転時に除霜用電気ヒータと直列に接続した抵抗体によって上昇した温度を抵抗体の近傍に設けた温度センサにより検出して、除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を検知するようにしたから、除霜用電気ヒータを流れる電流値と直接自乗の比例関係にある温度を検出するので、除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を簡単で安価な機器構成により精度良く検知することができるのである。   The refrigeration apparatus of the present invention detects the temperature increased by the resistor connected in series with the defrosting electric heater during the defrosting operation by a temperature sensor provided in the vicinity of the resistor, and detects the abnormality of the defrosting electric heater. Since the presence / absence is detected, the temperature that is directly proportional to the value of the current flowing through the defrosting electric heater is detected, so the presence / absence of an abnormality in the defrosting electric heater can be accurately detected with a simple and inexpensive device configuration. It can be detected well.

本発明の実施の形態1に係る電気回路図である。It is an electric circuit diagram concerning Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施の形態1に係る抵抗値の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the resistance value which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1に係る電気抵抗部材の正面図及び側面図である。It is the front view and side view of an electrical resistance member which concern on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1に係る温度センサの電気抵抗部材への取付け状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the attachment state to the electrical resistance member of the temperature sensor which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態1に係る温度変化を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the temperature change which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施の形態2に係る電気回路図である。It is an electric circuit diagram concerning Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

実施の形態1.
図1〜図5は、本発明の冷凍装置を冷蔵庫に適用した実施の形態1に係る図面であり、図1は電気回路図、図2は抵抗値の説明図、図3は電気抵抗部材の正面図及び側面図、図4は温度センサの電気抵抗部材への取付け状態を示す斜視図、図5は温度変化を示す説明図である。
図1において、100は冷蔵庫であり、冷蔵庫100の冷却室1内には、蒸発器2及びドレンパン3を備えている。
なお、蒸発器2は、図示していないが、圧縮機、凝縮器及び受液器を備え、室外に設置した室外ユニットに接続している。
Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIGS. 1-5 is drawing which concerns on Embodiment 1 which applied the freezing apparatus of this invention to the refrigerator, FIG. 1 is an electrical circuit diagram, FIG. 2 is explanatory drawing of resistance value, FIG. 3 is an electrical resistance member. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the temperature sensor is attached to the electric resistance member, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a change in temperature.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 100 denotes a refrigerator, and an evaporator 2 and a drain pan 3 are provided in the cooling chamber 1 of the refrigerator 100.
Although not shown, the evaporator 2 includes a compressor, a condenser, and a liquid receiver, and is connected to an outdoor unit installed outdoors.

蒸発器2及びドレンパン3には、除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cを設けている。
また、冷蔵庫100の庫外であって冷蔵庫100の設置室101内には、冷凍装置のコントローラ10を設けている。
The evaporator 2 and the drain pan 3 are provided with electric heaters 4a, 4b, 4c for defrosting.
In addition, a controller 10 for the refrigeration apparatus is provided outside the refrigerator 100 and inside the installation room 101 of the refrigerator 100.

コントローラ10には、電磁接触器11、所定の電気抵抗値を有する抵抗体12を埋め込んだ電気抵抗部材13、抵抗体12の近傍となる電気抵抗部材13に保持した温度センサ14及び制御基板15を内蔵している。
制御基板15にはリモコン16を接続し、リモコン16には、警報ブザー16a及び警報ランプ16bを備えた警報手段を設けている。
The controller 10 includes an electromagnetic contactor 11, an electric resistance member 13 in which a resistor 12 having a predetermined electric resistance value is embedded, a temperature sensor 14 and a control board 15 held in the electric resistance member 13 in the vicinity of the resistor 12. Built-in.
A remote controller 16 is connected to the control board 15, and the remote controller 16 is provided with alarm means including an alarm buzzer 16a and an alarm lamp 16b.

冷蔵庫100の冷却室1内に設けた除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cには、電源17からコントローラ10に内蔵した電磁接触器11及び冷却室1内に設けた端子台5を介して、並列に給電している。
抵抗体12の電気抵抗値R12及び除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cの電気抵抗値R4a,R4b,R4cを図2の抵抗回路図により説明する。
抵抗体12の電気抵抗値R12及び除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cの電気抵抗値R4a,R4b,R4cの合成抵抗値Rは、図2から明らかなように、直列に接続されており、抵抗体12を流れる電流値Iは除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cをそれぞれ並列に流れる電流値の合計となる。
The defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, 4c provided in the cooling chamber 1 of the refrigerator 100 are connected to the controller 10 from the power source 17 through the electromagnetic contactor 11 and the terminal block 5 provided in the cooling chamber 1. Power is supplied in parallel.
Electric resistance R 12 and defrosting electric heater 4a of the resistor 12, 4b, the electrical resistance value R 4a of 4c, R 4b, be described by the resistance circuit diagram of FIG. 2 to R 4c.
The combined resistance value R 4 of the electric resistance value R 12 of the resistor 12 and the electric resistance values R 4a , R 4b , R 4c of the defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, 4c is obtained in series as is apparent from FIG. The current value I flowing through the resistor 12 is the sum of the current values flowing in parallel through the defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, and 4c.

また、温度センサ14の電気抵抗部材13への取付けを図3及び図4により説明する。
図3は電気抵抗部材13の一例を示す図面であり、図3aは正面図、図3bは側面図、図4は温度センサ14の電気抵抗部材13への取付け状態を示す斜視図であり、図4aは取付け直前の斜視図、図4bは取付け後の斜視図である。
The attachment of the temperature sensor 14 to the electric resistance member 13 will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of the electric resistance member 13, FIG. 3a is a front view, FIG. 3b is a side view, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an attachment state of the temperature sensor 14 to the electric resistance member 13. 4a is a perspective view immediately before mounting, and FIG. 4b is a perspective view after mounting.

電気抵抗部材13には、図3bに示すように、抵抗体12を埋め込んでおり、抵抗体12の両端は図示していないが電源17及び電磁接触器11に接続されている。
そして、図4に示すように、温度センサ14を円柱状に形成しており、電気抵抗部材13には、電気抵抗部材13から一体的に上方に突出する円筒部21を形成している。
As shown in FIG. 3 b, a resistor 12 is embedded in the electric resistance member 13, and both ends of the resistor 12 are connected to a power source 17 and an electromagnetic contactor 11 (not shown).
As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature sensor 14 is formed in a columnar shape, and the electric resistance member 13 is formed with a cylindrical portion 21 that integrally protrudes upward from the electric resistance member 13.

円筒部21は、上部に長手方向のスリット22を形成し、図4aに示すように、スリット22の溝幅が弾性的に開くことにより、温度センサ14が円筒端部23から差し込み可能となるようにしている。
このように、温度センサ14の電気抵抗部材13への取付け構造を形成することにより、スリット22を押し開いて、温度センサ14を円筒部21に差し込んで、図4bに示すように、スリット22の閉じる方向の弾性力により、電気抵抗部材13は円筒部21の内面で温度センサ14の円柱状外面を保持するようにしている。
The cylindrical portion 21 is formed with a slit 22 in the longitudinal direction in the upper portion, and as shown in FIG. 4 a, the groove width of the slit 22 is elastically opened so that the temperature sensor 14 can be inserted from the cylindrical end portion 23. I have to.
In this way, by forming a structure for attaching the temperature sensor 14 to the electric resistance member 13, the slit 22 is pushed open, the temperature sensor 14 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 21, and as shown in FIG. The electric resistance member 13 holds the columnar outer surface of the temperature sensor 14 on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 21 by the elastic force in the closing direction.

電気抵抗部材13の材質は、銅やアルミニウム合金などの金属材料とするのであり、このような金属材料は良好な熱伝導性を有するので、除霜運転開始の際に抵抗体12の発熱による温度上昇を温度センサ14で応答性良く検出することでできる。
また、この実施の形態1のように、抵抗体12を電気抵抗部材13に埋め込み、温度センサ14を電気抵抗部材13の円筒部21に保持させるようにして、抵抗体12と温度センサ14との距離を極力近づける構造とすることにより、周囲の環境の影響を少なくして精度の高い検知が可能となる。
The material of the electric resistance member 13 is a metal material such as copper or aluminum alloy. Since such a metal material has good thermal conductivity, the temperature due to the heat generated by the resistor 12 at the start of the defrosting operation. The rise can be detected by the temperature sensor 14 with good responsiveness.
Further, as in the first embodiment, the resistor 12 is embedded in the electric resistance member 13, and the temperature sensor 14 is held by the cylindrical portion 21 of the electric resistance member 13. By adopting a structure that makes the distance as close as possible, the influence of the surrounding environment is reduced, and highly accurate detection is possible.

電気抵抗部材13の材質は、電気絶縁性が高く耐熱温度の高い合成樹脂としても良い。
電気抵抗部材13に埋め込む抵抗体12及びその配線は、電気抵抗部材13の材質を合成樹脂とする場合は絶縁被覆が不要であり、金属材料とする場合は絶縁被覆をするのである。
The material of the electrical resistance member 13 may be a synthetic resin having high electrical insulation and high heat resistance temperature.
The resistor 12 and its wiring embedded in the electric resistance member 13 do not need an insulating coating when the material of the electric resistance member 13 is a synthetic resin, and an insulating coating when the material is a metal material.

さらに、この実施の形態1では、電気抵抗部材13を用いたが、電気抵抗部材13を用いることなく、抵抗体12をコントローラ10内に直接取付けて、温度センサ14を抵抗体12の近傍に設けるようにしても良い。 Further, in the first embodiment, the electric resistance member 13 is used. However, without using the electric resistance member 13, the resistor 12 is directly mounted in the controller 10 and the temperature sensor 14 is provided in the vicinity of the resistor 12. You may do it.

次に動作について説明する。
このように構成された本発明の冷凍装置の実施の形態1においては、冷却運転を所定時間行なって除霜運転に移行する際、制御基板15からの除霜開始信号を受けて電磁接触器11が励磁され、除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cに通電される。
そして、除霜運転時に抵抗体12によって上昇した温度を温度センサ14により検出するようにしており、この温度変化を図5に示す。
図5は、除霜運転時及びその前後の冷却運転時の時間を横軸に、温度センサ14により検出した温度を縦軸にして時間経過と温度とを示しており、図5を参照して、上気除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cの異常の有無の判断を説明する。
Next, the operation will be described.
In Embodiment 1 of the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, the electromagnetic contactor 11 receives a defrosting start signal from the control board 15 when the cooling operation is performed for a predetermined time to shift to the defrosting operation. Is energized to energize the defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b and 4c.
And the temperature which rose with the resistor 12 at the time of a defrost operation is detected by the temperature sensor 14, This temperature change is shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 shows the time and temperature with the abscissa indicating the time during the defrosting operation and the cooling operation before and after that, and the ordinate indicating the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 14, with reference to FIG. The determination of the presence / absence of abnormality in the upper air defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, 4c will be described.

図5において、時間tから時間tが冷却運転で温度Tであり、この温度Tはコントローラ10内の温度である。
そして、時間tにおいて、除霜運転が開始され、所定の除霜運転時間が経過すると時間tとなる。
In FIG. 5, the time t 1 to the time t 1 are the temperature T 1 in the cooling operation, and this temperature T 1 is the temperature in the controller 10.
Then, at time t 1, the defrosting operation is started, the time when the predetermined defrosting operation time elapses t 5.

温度センサ14により検出する温度は除霜運転を開始すると、抵抗体12の発熱量I×R12(抵抗が発生するジュール熱)により、実線Lで示すように上昇し、時間tで温度Tとなり、正常な除霜運転時の定常状態となる。
この正常な除霜運転が時間tで終了すると実線Lは温度が低下し時間tで当初の温度Tに戻るのである。
When the defrosting operation is started, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 14 rises as indicated by the solid line L 1 due to the heat generation amount I 2 × R 12 (Joule heat generating resistance) of the resistor 12 , and at time t 2 . temperature T 3, and becomes a steady state during normal defrosting operation.
When this normal defrosting operation is terminated at time t 5 the solid line L 1 is returning to the initial temperatures T 1 at time t 6 temperature decreases.

除霜運転開始時の時間tで3本の除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cのうち、1本の除霜用電気ヒータ4aが断線して通電されない場合、合成抵抗値Rは抵抗値R4bと抵抗値R4cの合成抵抗値となるため、オームの法則から、合成抵抗値Rが正常な除霜運転時に比べて大きくなり、抵抗体12を流れる電流値Iは正常な除霜運転時に比べて小さくなる。
この場合の温度変化は、図5の二点鎖線Lで示すように、時間tで温度Tの定常状態となり、除霜用電気ヒータ4aの断線による異常な除霜運転が時間tで終了すると二点鎖線Lで示すように温度が低下し時間t近くで当初の温度Tに戻るのである。
Defrosting operation starting at time t 1 3 pieces of defrosting electric heater 4a, 4b, among 4c, if one of the defrosting electric heater 4a is not energized disconnected, the combined resistance value R 4 is resistance Since the combined resistance value of the value R 4b and the resistance value R 4c is obtained, the combined resistance value R 4 is larger than that during normal defrosting operation according to Ohm's law, and the current value I flowing through the resistor 12 is the normal removal value. Smaller than during frost operation.
Temperature change in this case, as shown by the two-dot chain line L 2 in FIG. 5, becomes the steady state temperature T 2 at time t 2, abnormal defrosting operation by disconnection of the defrosting electric heater 4a time t 5 in temperature, as shown by the completed two-dot chain line L 2 is return to the initial temperatures T 1 in in time t 6 near reduced.

また、正常な除霜運転中の時間tで3本の除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cのうち、1本の除霜用電気ヒータ4aが断線して通電されなくなった場合、上述した当初から断線して通電されない場合と同様に、合成抵抗値Rは抵抗値R4bと抵抗値R4cの合成抵抗となるため、オームの法則から、合成抵抗値Rが正常な除霜運転時に比べて大きくなり、抵抗体12を流れる電流値Iは正常な除霜運転時に比べて小さくなる。
この場合の温度変化は、図5のtからtまで一点鎖線Lで示すようになり、それ以降は二点鎖線Lと同様となる。
Moreover, normal defrosting during operating time t 3 at three defrosting electric heater 4a, 4b, among 4c, if one of the defrosting electric heater 4a is no longer energized disconnected, the above-described as if not energized disconnected from the beginning, the synthesis for the resistance value R 4 is the combined resistance of the resistance value R 4b resistance R 4c, from Ohm's law, the combined resistance value R 4 is normal defrosting operation The current value I flowing through the resistor 12 becomes smaller than that at the time of normal defrosting operation.
Temperature change in this case is as shown by t 4 to the chain line L 3 from t 3 in FIG. 5, since it becomes the same as the two-dot chain line L 2.

ここで、温度センサ14により検出した温度によって、除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cの異常の有無の検知について説明する。
まず、冷凍装置の試運転などにより、正常な除霜運転時における定常状態の温度を温度センサ14により検出して、その検出温度を基準温度として、コントローラ10内の制御基板15の記憶装置に記憶させておき、図5において説明した除霜運転時の定常温度を基準温度と比較して一定値以上基準温度よりも低下している定常温度であった場合、除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cに断線による異常が発生していると判断するのである。
Here, detection of the presence / absence of abnormality in the defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, and 4c based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 14 will be described.
First, the temperature of the steady state during normal defrosting operation is detected by the temperature sensor 14 by trial operation of the refrigeration apparatus, and the detected temperature is stored as a reference temperature in the storage device of the control board 15 in the controller 10. When the steady-state temperature during the defrosting operation described in FIG. 5 is a steady-state temperature that is lower than the reference temperature by a certain value or more compared to the reference temperature, the defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, 4c It is determined that an abnormality due to disconnection has occurred.

すなわち、図5において定常温度T又はTを基準温度と比較して、一定値以上基準温度よりも低下している定常温度Tの場合、除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cの断線による異常が発生して除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cを流れる電流値の低下が発生しているとみなすことができるのである。
また、定常温度Tは基準温度と略同じ値であり、正常と判断するのである。
That is, in FIG. 5, when the steady temperature T 2 or T 3 is compared with the reference temperature and the steady temperature T 2 is lower than the reference temperature by a certain value or more, the defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, 4c are disconnected. Therefore, it can be considered that the current value flowing through the defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, and 4c is reduced.
Also, steady state temperature T 3 is substantially equal to the reference temperature, it is to determined to be normal.

上述した異常の有無の判断において、コントローラ10内の温度Tの変動が小さいことを条件としている。
すなわち、コントローラ10内の温度Tが一定であれば、定常温度と基準温度とを比較することは、抵抗体12により加熱されて上昇した温度、すなわち、温度上昇値を基準の温度上昇値と比較することと同じになるからである。
したがって、この実施の形態1は、コントローラ10の設置場所が空気調和されており、年間を通じて変動しない場合に除霜用電機ヒータ4a,4b,4cの異常の有無を精度良く検知できるのである。
In the determination of the presence or absence of abnormality as described above, with the proviso that variations in the temperature T 1 of the controller 10 is small.
In other words, if the temperature T 1 in the controller 10 is constant, comparing the steady temperature with the reference temperature means that the temperature heated by the resistor 12 is increased, that is, the temperature increase value is used as the reference temperature increase value. It is because it becomes the same as comparing.
Therefore, in the first embodiment, the installation location of the controller 10 is air-conditioned, and the presence or absence of an abnormality in the defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, 4c can be detected with high accuracy when the controller 10 does not change throughout the year.

そして、除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cが異常であると判断した場合には、制御基板15からリモコン16に対して警報信号を発信し、リモコン16に設けた警報ブザー16a及び警報ランプ16bを作動させて、冷凍装置のオペレータに知らせるようにしている。
このように、警報ブザーや警報ランプなどの警報手段を設けて除霜用電気ヒータの異常を冷凍装置のユーザーやオペレータに知らせる手段を設けておくと、異常発生を早い段階で認識でき、メンテナンス完了までの期間短縮につながるという効果がある。
なお、警報手段はリモコン16に設けたが、コントローラ10のみまたはリモコン16及びコントローラ10の両方に設けても良い。
When it is determined that the defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, 4c are abnormal, an alarm signal is transmitted from the control board 15 to the remote controller 16, and an alarm buzzer 16a and an alarm lamp 16b provided on the remote controller 16 are transmitted. Is operated to notify the operator of the refrigeration apparatus.
In this way, if alarm means such as an alarm buzzer or an alarm lamp are provided to notify the user or operator of the refrigeration system of an abnormality in the defrosting electric heater, the occurrence of the abnormality can be recognized at an early stage and the maintenance is completed. This has the effect of shortening the period until.
Although the alarm means is provided in the remote controller 16, it may be provided only in the controller 10 or in both the remote controller 16 and the controller 10.

また、定常温度T又はTと比較を行なう基準温度を試運転により検出して記憶させるようにしたが、この基準温度を正常な除霜運転と判断した時の定常温度を記憶するようにして、常に更新するようにすることもできる。
このように、基準温度を前回の正常な除霜運転時の定常温度とすれば、冷凍装置の構成機器や季節による周囲温度などの諸条件に影響されることのない汎用的な制御となり、他機種や多用途への水平展開が容易に行えるのである。
Although so as to store and detected by commissioning a reference temperature to compare the steady temperature T 2 or T 3, so as to store a constant temperature at the time of determining the reference temperature with normal defrosting operation You can always update it.
In this way, if the reference temperature is set to the steady temperature during the previous normal defrosting operation, the control becomes general-purpose control that is not affected by various conditions such as the components of the refrigeration system and the ambient temperature depending on the season. It can be easily expanded horizontally to various models and multiple uses.

さらに、この実施の形態1では、抵抗体12の抵抗値R12を適切な値に設定することで、温度センサ14で検出する電気抵抗部材13の表面温度を、汎用の温度センサで精度よく検知できる範囲に容易に設定できる効果もあり、除霜用電気ヒータの表面温度を直接計測する場合のように、表面温度が200℃以上に上昇して特殊なセンサが必要となるような欠点も解消することができるのである。 Further, in the first embodiment, by setting the resistance value R12 of the resistor 12 to an appropriate value, the surface temperature of the electric resistance member 13 detected by the temperature sensor 14 is accurately detected by a general-purpose temperature sensor. There is also an effect that it can be easily set in the range that can be done, and it eliminates the disadvantage that a special sensor is required because the surface temperature rises to 200 ° C or more, as in the case of directly measuring the surface temperature of the electric heater for defrosting It can be done.

実施の形態2.
図6は、本発明の冷凍装置を冷蔵庫に適用した実施の形態2に係る電気回路図である。
この実施の形態2は、図6に示すように、図1に示す実施の形態1に係る電気回路図において、第二温度センサ18を追加した点が、実施の形態1と相違する点であり、その他の構成はすべて実施の形態1と同様であるので、この相違点について以下に説明する。
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is an electric circuit diagram according to Embodiment 2 in which the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is applied to a refrigerator.
As shown in FIG. 6, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a second temperature sensor 18 is added to the electric circuit diagram according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. Since all other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, this difference will be described below.

図6において、第二温度センサ18は、コントローラ10に設けた制御基板15に接続しており、他の構成は、図1と同一の符号を使用しておりその説明を省略する。
そして、第二温度センサ18は、コントローラ10内における除霜運転時に抵抗体12の通電による温度の上昇の影響がない位置に設置して、温度センサ14での検出温度から第二温度センサ18の検出温度を差引くことにより、コントローラ10を設置している設置室101の温度変化があっても抵抗体12の通電による上昇した温度の変動を補正できるようにして、除霜運転時の抵抗体12の通電による上昇した温度を精度良く測定するようにしたのである。
In FIG. 6, the second temperature sensor 18 is connected to the control board 15 provided in the controller 10, and the other components use the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 and the description thereof is omitted.
And the 2nd temperature sensor 18 is installed in the position which does not have the influence of the raise of the temperature by electricity supply of the resistor 12 at the time of the defrost operation in the controller 10, and the temperature sensor 14 detects the temperature of the 2nd temperature sensor 18 from the detected temperature. By subtracting the detected temperature, even if there is a temperature change in the installation chamber 101 in which the controller 10 is installed, it is possible to correct the increased temperature fluctuation due to the energization of the resistor 12, so that the resistor during the defrosting operation Thus, the temperature increased due to the energization of 12 was measured with high accuracy.

すなわち、この実施の形態2では、例えば、設置室101内を空気調和していない場合、夜間と昼間では、設置室101の温度は摂氏十数度変動する。
そこで、正常な除霜運転時の温度センサ14により検出した温度T及び温度センサ18により検出した温度Tとの差を基準温度差としてコントローラ10内の制御基板15の記憶装置に記憶させておき、除霜運転時の温度センサ14により検出した温度T又はT及び第二温度センサ18により検出した温度Tとの測定温度差を、上記基準温度差と比較して、一定値以上基準温度差よりも低下している定常温度Tの場合、除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cの断線による異常が発生して除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cを流れる電流値の低下が発生しているとみなすことができるのである。
That is, in the second embodiment, for example, when the interior of the installation room 101 is not air conditioned, the temperature of the installation room 101 fluctuates by tens of degrees Celsius between nighttime and daytime.
Therefore, the difference between the temperature T 3 detected by the temperature sensor 14 during normal defrosting operation and the temperature T 0 detected by the temperature sensor 18 is stored in the storage device of the control board 15 in the controller 10 as a reference temperature difference. The temperature difference between the temperature T 2 or T 3 detected by the temperature sensor 14 during the defrosting operation and the temperature T 0 detected by the second temperature sensor 18 is compared with the reference temperature difference above a certain value. If the steady temperature T 2 which is lower than the reference temperature difference, the defrosting electric heater 4a, 4b, abnormality occurs defrosting electric heater 4a by disconnection of 4c, 4b, decrease in the value of the current flowing through the 4c Can be regarded as occurring.

なお、実施の形態1では、除霜運転をしていない場合の温度センサ14により検出した温度Tが一定の場合には、基準温度として除霜運転時の温度センサ14により検出した定常温度T又はTを検出して、予め記憶した除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cが正常時の基準温度と比較することにより、抵抗体12の通電により上昇した温度を精度良く検出することができた。
しかしながら、上述のように、設置室101内の温度が大きく変動する場合には、基準温度を前回の正常な除霜運転時の温度センサ14により検出した温度としたのでは、除霜用電気ヒータの正常時及び異常時のいずれの場合であっても、この検出温度が温度センサ14の周囲温度の影響を受けて変動するため、実施の形態1では、除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を精度良く検知することができないのに対し、この実施の形態2では、周囲温度の影響を第二の温度センサ18によりなくすことができるのである。
In the first embodiment, the defrosting when operating the temperature T 1 detected by the temperature sensor 14 when you are not is constant, the constant temperature detected by the temperature sensor 14 during the defrosting operation as the reference temperature T By detecting 2 or T 3 and comparing the pre-stored defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, and 4c with the normal reference temperature, it is possible to accurately detect the temperature increased by energization of the resistor 12. did it.
However, as described above, when the temperature in the installation chamber 101 greatly fluctuates, if the reference temperature is the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 14 during the previous normal defrosting operation, the defrosting electric heater Since the detected temperature fluctuates due to the influence of the ambient temperature of the temperature sensor 14 in both cases of normal and abnormal, the first embodiment determines whether or not the defrosting electric heater is abnormal. In the second embodiment, the influence of the ambient temperature can be eliminated by the second temperature sensor 18 while it cannot be detected with high accuracy.

実施の形態3.
実施の形態3は、実施の形態1において、抵抗体12の通電により上昇した温度を、温度センサ14のみで検出するようにして、設置室101内の温度が季節や昼夜で大きく変動したとしても、除霜運転中の短時間の変動が小さければ、抵抗体12の通電により上昇した温度を精度良く測定することができるようにしたものである。
Embodiment 3 FIG.
In the third embodiment, even if the temperature increased by energization of the resistor 12 in the first embodiment is detected only by the temperature sensor 14, the temperature in the installation room 101 varies greatly in the season or day and night. If the short-time fluctuation during the defrosting operation is small, the temperature raised by energization of the resistor 12 can be measured with high accuracy.

この実施の形態3は、コントローラ10の制御基板15における制御内容が実施の形態1と相違する点である。
以下、この相違点についてのみ、図5を参照しながら説明する。
The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the control content of the controller 10 on the control board 15.
Hereinafter, only this difference will be described with reference to FIG.

冷却運転を所定時間行なって除霜運転に移行する際、制御基板15からの除霜開始信号を受けて電磁接触器11が励磁され、除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cに通電される。
制御基板15は除霜開始信号を発信すると同時に温度センサ14により除霜開始温度を測定し、記憶装置に記憶する。
When the cooling operation is performed for a predetermined time to shift to the defrosting operation, the electromagnetic contactor 11 is excited in response to the defrosting start signal from the control board 15, and the defrosting electric heaters 4a, 4b, 4c are energized.
The control board 15 measures the defrost start temperature by the temperature sensor 14 at the same time as transmitting the defrost start signal, and stores it in the storage device.

そして、除霜運転時に抵抗体12によって上昇して定常状態となった定常温度T又はTを検出し、定常温度T又はTと除霜開始時に測定し記憶装置に記憶している除霜開始温度との測定温度差を算出する。
一方、同様に、温度センサ14により正常な除霜運転時における測定し記憶した除霜開始温度と温度センサ14により測定した定常温度Tとの温度差を基準温度差として記憶装置に記憶する。
Then, increased by the resistor 12 during the defrosting operation to detect a steady temperature T 2 or T 3 became steady state, stored in the measured steady temperature T 2 or T 3 in the defrosting start storing device The measured temperature difference from the defrosting start temperature is calculated.
On the other hand, likewise, it is stored in the storage device as the reference temperature difference the temperature difference between the steady temperature T 3 measured by the defrosting start temperature and the temperature sensor 14 measured and stored during normal defrosting operation by the temperature sensor 14.

次に、除霜運転時の温度センサ14により検出し算出した測定温度差を、上記基準温度差と比較して、一定値以上基準温度差よりも低下している定常温度Tの場合、除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cの断線による異常が発生して除霜用電気ヒータ4a,4b,4cを流れる電流値の低下が発生しているとみなすことができるのである。
したがって、この実施の形態3によれば、温度センサが一つでありながら、季節や昼夜で温度センサ14の周囲温度が変動する場合であっても、除霜運転開始時の温度センサ14により周囲温度とみなすことができる温度を測定しているので、周囲温度の影響を実施の形態2と同様になくすことができるのである。
Next, the measured temperature difference detected and calculated by the temperature sensor 14 during the defrosting operation is compared with the reference temperature difference, and in the case of the steady temperature T 2 which is lower than the reference temperature difference by a certain value or more, the removal is performed. It can be considered that an abnormality due to disconnection of the frost electric heaters 4a, 4b, and 4c has occurred and a decrease in the value of the current flowing through the defrost electric heaters 4a, 4b, and 4c has occurred.
Therefore, according to the third embodiment, the temperature sensor 14 at the start of the defrosting operation is used even when the ambient temperature of the temperature sensor 14 fluctuates during the season or day and night even though there is only one temperature sensor. Since the temperature that can be regarded as the temperature is measured, the influence of the ambient temperature can be eliminated similarly to the second embodiment.

実施の形態4.
上述の実施の形態1〜3では、除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無の検知について、説明した。
この実施の形態4は、実施の形態2又は3により除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を検知した際に、複数の除霜用電気ヒータのうち、一部に異常が発生した場合の制御について、技術的な特徴を備えたものである。
Embodiment 4 FIG.
In the above-described first to third embodiments, detection of the presence or absence of abnormality in the defrosting electric heater has been described.
In the fourth embodiment, when the presence or absence of an abnormality in the defrosting electric heater is detected according to the second or third embodiment, the control when a part of the plurality of defrosting electric heaters has an abnormality occurs. , With technical features.

除霜用電気ヒータに異常が発生した後も通常通り運転を続けた場合、除霜運転時の加熱量が不足するため、除霜運転時間が長くなり、最悪の場合除霜運転が終了しても蒸発器やドレンパンに霜が残る(以下残霜という)おそれがある一方で、除霜用電気ヒータの異常発生時点で除霜運転や冷却運転を停止することは、冷蔵庫内で保管している保管物の鮮度管理の観点から、極力避けるべきであり、何らかの形で、制御内容を変更して冷凍装置を運転することが望ましい。   If the defrosting electric heater continues to operate normally even after an abnormality has occurred, the amount of heating during the defrosting operation will be insufficient, resulting in a longer defrosting operation time. While there is a risk that frost may remain in the evaporator and drain pan (hereinafter referred to as residual frost), it is stored in the refrigerator to stop the defrosting operation and the cooling operation when an abnormality occurs in the defrosting electric heater. From the viewpoint of managing the freshness of stored items, it should be avoided as much as possible, and it is desirable to change the control content and operate the refrigeration system in some way.

そこで、この実施の形態4では、温度センサ14又は温度センサ14及び18による測定温度差ΔTが正常状態の基準温度差と比較してどの程度下がっているかを算出し判断することで、除霜用電気ヒータの加熱量が正常な状態からどの程度低下しているかを把握し、除霜運転終了時点から次回の除霜運転開始時点までの積算冷却運転時間を短縮する制御を行うようにしたものである。   Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, by calculating and judging how much the temperature difference ΔT measured by the temperature sensor 14 or the temperature sensors 14 and 18 is lower than the reference temperature difference in the normal state, it is used for defrosting. Understand how much the heating amount of the electric heater has decreased from the normal state, and perform control to shorten the integrated cooling operation time from the end of the defrost operation to the start of the next defrost operation. is there.

すなわち、図1に示す蒸発器2に付着する霜の量は、冷却運転の条件が同一であれば、冷却運転時間に比例するため、除霜運転終了までに必要な加熱量Xは、積算冷却運転時間Yに略比例するとみなすことができ、X=α×Yの関係が成り立つ(ここでαは比例定数)。
また、除霜運転中の除霜用電気ヒータによる実際の加熱量Xは、除霜用電気ヒータの容量の合計Hと除霜運転時間Zの積で表され、X=H×Zの関係が成り立ち、残霜のない除霜運転が終了するのはX=X、つまりα×Y=H×Zが成り立つときである。
That is, since the amount of frost adhering to the evaporator 2 shown in FIG. 1 is proportional to the cooling operation time if the conditions of the cooling operation are the same, the heating amount X required until the end of the defrosting operation is the integrated cooling. It can be considered that it is substantially proportional to the operation time Y, and the relationship X = α × Y is established (where α is a proportional constant).
Further, the defrosting operation actual heating amount X 1 by defrosting electric heater in is represented by the product of total H defrosting operation time Z of the capacity of the defrosting electric heater, the X 1 = H × Z The relationship is established and the defrosting operation without residual frost ends when X = X 1 , that is, α × Y = H × Z.

ここで、除霜用電気ヒータの異常により除霜用電気ヒータの容量の合計が正常時の80%に下がっていることが判明した場合、積算冷却運転時間Yを、除霜用電気ヒータが正常なときの設定積算冷却運転時間の80%とすれば、同じ除霜運転時間Zで残霜のない除霜が終了する計算となるが、実際には、除霜用電気ヒータ配置のアンバランスが生じているため、積算冷却運転時間Yは除霜用電気ヒータ容量の低下率以上に下げることが望ましい。
例えば、除霜用ヒータ容量が80%に低下したならば積算冷却運転時間Yを70%とするのである。
したがって、この実施の形態4は、除霜用電気ヒータ容量の低下率を判断する必要があり、抵抗体12による上昇した温度差が基準の上昇した温度差のどの程度かを判断できる実施の形態2及び3に適用することができる。
Here, when it is found that the total capacity of the defrosting electric heater is reduced to 80% of the normal value due to abnormality of the defrosting electric heater, the integrated cooling operation time Y is set to be normal. If the set integrated cooling operation time is set to 80%, the defrosting without residual frost is completed in the same defrosting operation time Z. In actuality, however, the electric heater arrangement for defrosting is unbalanced. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the cumulative cooling operation time Y to be equal to or greater than the rate of decrease in the defrosting electric heater capacity.
For example, if the defrosting heater capacity is reduced to 80%, the integrated cooling operation time Y is set to 70%.
Therefore, in this fourth embodiment, it is necessary to determine the rate of decrease in the capacity of the defrosting electric heater, and it is possible to determine how much the temperature difference raised by the resistor 12 is the reference temperature rise. 2 and 3 can be applied.

この実施の形態4によれば、除霜用電気ヒータの異常を検知したときに、除霜用電気ヒータの加熱量の不足分に応じて除霜運転開始までの冷却運転時間を短縮させるようにしたことにより、残霜リスクのない状態で冷却運転が継続され、メンテナンス完了までの期間、冷蔵庫100に保管している保管物の移し替えなどの作業を行わずに保管物の鮮度維持が可能となるのである。   According to the fourth embodiment, when an abnormality of the defrosting electric heater is detected, the cooling operation time until the start of the defrosting operation is shortened according to the shortage of the heating amount of the defrosting electric heater. As a result, the cooling operation is continued without any risk of residual frost, and the freshness of stored items can be maintained without performing operations such as transfer of stored items stored in the refrigerator 100 during the period until maintenance is completed. It becomes.

1 冷却室
2 蒸発器
3 ドレンパン
4a、4b、4c 除霜用電気ヒータ
10 コントローラ
11 電磁接触器
12 抵抗体
13 電気抵抗部材
14 温度センサ
15 制御基板
16 リモコン
17 電源
18 第二温度センサ
21 円筒部
22 スリット
23 円筒端部
100 冷蔵庫
101 設置室
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cooling chamber 2 Evaporator 3 Drain pan 4a, 4b, 4c Electric heater 10 for defrosting Controller 11 Magnetic contactor 12 Resistor 13 Electric resistance member 14 Temperature sensor 15 Control board 16 Remote control 17 Power supply 18 Second temperature sensor 21 Cylindrical part 22 Slit 23 Cylindrical end 100 Refrigerator 101 Installation room

Claims (4)

蒸発器を備えた冷却室内に除霜用電気ヒータを設け、所定の電気抵抗値を有する抵抗体を上記除霜用電気ヒータと直列に接続するとともに、上記抵抗体の近傍に温度センサを設け、除霜運転時に上記抵抗体によって上昇した温度を上記温度センサにより検出して、上記除霜用電気ヒータの異常の有無を検知することを特徴とする冷凍装置。 An electric heater for defrosting is provided in a cooling chamber provided with an evaporator, a resistor having a predetermined electric resistance value is connected in series with the electric heater for defrosting, and a temperature sensor is provided in the vicinity of the resistor, A refrigeration apparatus, wherein the temperature sensor detects a temperature increased by the resistor during a defrosting operation, and detects whether or not the defrosting electric heater is abnormal. 除霜用電気ヒータの異常を検知したときに、上記除霜用電気ヒータの加熱量の不足分に応じて除霜運転開始までの冷却運転時間を短縮させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の冷凍装置。 The cooling operation time until the start of the defrosting operation is shortened according to the shortage of the heating amount of the defrosting electric heater when an abnormality of the defrosting electric heater is detected. Refrigeration equipment. 除霜用電気ヒータの異常を警報するための警報手段を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の冷凍装置。 The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising alarm means for alarming an abnormality of the electric heater for defrosting. 温度センサを円柱状に形成し、抵抗体を埋め込んだ電気抵抗部材に上記電気抵抗部材から一体的に突出する円筒部を形成し、上記円筒部は上記温度センサを円筒端部から差し込み可能にスリットを形成して、上記円筒部内面で上記温度センサの円柱状外面を保持したことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の冷凍装置。 The temperature sensor is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a cylindrical portion that integrally protrudes from the electric resistance member is formed in the electric resistance member in which the resistor is embedded, and the cylindrical portion is slit so that the temperature sensor can be inserted from the end of the cylinder. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical outer surface of the temperature sensor is held on the inner surface of the cylindrical portion.
JP2009059657A 2009-03-12 2009-03-12 Refrigerating device Pending JP2010210211A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104364596A (en) * 2011-11-24 2015-02-18 Bsh博世和西门子家用电器有限公司 Evaporator for a refrigeration device and refrigeration device
WO2020246320A1 (en) * 2019-06-03 2020-12-10 横浜ゴム株式会社 Tire failure prediction system and tire failure prediction method

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104364596A (en) * 2011-11-24 2015-02-18 Bsh博世和西门子家用电器有限公司 Evaporator for a refrigeration device and refrigeration device
WO2020246320A1 (en) * 2019-06-03 2020-12-10 横浜ゴム株式会社 Tire failure prediction system and tire failure prediction method
JP2020196354A (en) * 2019-06-03 2020-12-10 横浜ゴム株式会社 Tire fault prediction system and tire fault prediction method
JP7332861B2 (en) 2019-06-03 2023-08-24 横浜ゴム株式会社 Tire failure prediction system, tire failure prediction method

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