JP2010207737A - Particle separation apparatus and separation method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent decrease of the particle separation precision by using a donut type water tank having no partitioning wall in place of a conventional fan-shaped water tank and installing a curved particle supply cylinder in place of a linear-shaped particle supply cylinder. <P>SOLUTION: The particle separation apparatus has a rotary water tank 2 and a particle supply cylinder installed in the water tank 2 toward the direction of the outer wall 5 of the water tank 2 from the rotary center part of the water tank 2 and separates high specific gravity particles and low specific gravity particles by releasing particles to the water tank 2 through the particle supply cylinder in a state that the rotation speed of the water tank 2 is kept constant or separates particles by moving the same kind particles relatively in contra-rotation directions for every size and suppresses the convection flow of water in the water tank 2 at the time of particle separation by employing a water tank 2 having a donut type inside shape. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a particle separation apparatus and a separation method.

  Conventionally, a method and an apparatus for separating particles by largely moving a high specific gravity particle in a counter-rotating direction as compared with a low specific gravity particle are known (see Patent Document 1). A method and apparatus for separating particles by moving low specific gravity particles largely in the counter-rotating direction as compared with high specific gravity particles are known (see Patent Document 2).

JP 2006-239678 A JP 2008-049332 A

  In the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, in order to achieve particle separation, the water in the rotating water tank is in a stationary state with respect to the water tank (container) and kept at a constant rotational speed. In the state, it was necessary to discharge (inject) the particles into the water tank from the particle supply cylinder.

  In order to realize this, in the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, as shown in FIG. 1, a rotating shaft 15 is coaxially provided at the center of the circular water tank 10, and the partition wall 11 extends from such center in the circumferential direction. The fan-shaped water tank 12 having a shape divided into a fan shape by adopting is used. When the water tank 10 is rotated in a state where the water is filled in the fan-shaped water tank 12, the water is constrained in the fan-shaped water tank 12, so that it immediately has the same rotational speed as the water tank 10, so that there is no problem at first glance. Looks like.

  However, when rotating at a high speed of, for example, 1000 rpm or more, gentle convection occurs due to the difference in rotation speed between the water inside the fan-shaped water tank 12 (near the rotation axis 15) and the water outside (see FIG. 1). Since the trajectory of the particles 6 emitted from the cylinder 13 is disturbed by this convection, the particle separation accuracy is reduced.

  Therefore, the present invention intends to realize a separation apparatus having a donut-shaped water tank without a partition wall and a separation method using the same instead of the fan-shaped water tank.

  Further, in the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a linear particle supply cylinder that extends straight from the rotation center in the centrifugal direction is used. However, since all particles receive Coriolis force while moving in the particle supply cylinder from the rotation center to the water tank, the particles do not move straight in the particle supply cylinder. It is biased toward the anti-rotation direction side of the inner wall.

  When supplied to the water tank, it is ideal that the particles are in a dispersed state where there is no interaction between the particles, but for the above reasons, the particles gather and press against the anti-rotation direction while moving in the particle supply cylinder. And easily agglomerate (see FIG. 3).

  On the other hand, even if a very dilute suspension that does not cause agglomeration is introduced and agglomeration is avoided, the individual particles are pressed by the Coriolis force against the anti-rotation direction side of the inner wall of the particle supply cylinder, and the centrifugal direction due to centrifugal force Therefore, the probability of advancing while rotating (rolling) in the particle supply cylinder becomes high.

  And if it is supplied into the water tank from the particle supply cylinder while rotating, a discrete (unexpected) rotational lift force is applied to each particle, and in the above case, the particle is generally “sliced” and rotated half a turn more than expected. The bending of a direction will become large (refer FIG. 3).

  Therefore, the present invention realizes a separation apparatus having a curved particle supply cylinder instead of a linear particle supply cylinder and a separation method using the separation apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention comprises a rotating water tank and a particle supply tube provided in the water tank from the center of rotation of the water tank toward the outer wall of the water tank, and the water tank is maintained at a constant rotational speed. By letting the particles from the particle supply cylinder into the water tank in a leaned state, by moving the high specific gravity particles and the low specific gravity particles or the same kind of particles relative to each other in the anti-rotation direction for each size, In the separation device for separating particles, a particle separation device is provided that has a configuration in which convection of water in the water tank during particle separation can be suppressed by making the inside of the water tank into a donut shape.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a separation apparatus that separates particles including a rotating water tank and a particle supply cylinder provided in the water tank toward the outer wall of the water tank from the rotation center of the water tank. With the water tank maintained at a constant rotation speed, particles are discharged from the particle supply cylinder into the water tank, high specific gravity particles and low specific gravity particles, or the same type of particles relative to each other in the counter-rotating direction for each size. In the separation method for separating particles by moving, the particle separation method is characterized in that convection of water in the water tank during particle separation is suppressed by making the shape inside the water tank into a donut shape.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention includes a rotating water tank and a particle supply tube provided in the water tank from the center of rotation of the water tank toward the outer wall of the water tank, and the water tank is maintained at a constant rotational speed. In this state, the particles are discharged from the particle supply cylinder into the water tank, so that the high specific gravity particles and the low specific gravity particles or the same kind of particles are moved relative to each other in the counter-rotating direction for each size. In the separating apparatus for separating, by making the shape inside the water tank a donut shape, it is possible to suppress convection of water in the water tank during particle separation, and by separating the particle supply cylinder from a curved particle supply cylinder, Particles characterized in that the particles can be collected at a position where the incident angle to the pocket of the particles emitted from the curved particle supply cylinder is 30 ° to 60 ° while suppressing aggregation and rotation of the particles at the time A separation device is provided.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a separation apparatus that separates particles including a rotating water tank and a particle supply cylinder provided in the water tank toward the outer wall of the water tank from the rotation center of the water tank. With the water tank maintained at a constant rotation speed, particles are discharged from the particle supply cylinder into the water tank, so that high specific gravity particles and low specific gravity particles, or the same type of particles, are relative to each other in the anti-rotation direction. In the separation method in which the particles are separated by separating the particles into a donut shape, the convection of water in the water tank during particle separation is suppressed, and the particle supply cylinder is supplied with curved particles. By using a cylinder, it is possible to suppress the aggregation and rotation of particles during separation, and to collect the particles emitted from the curved particle supply cylinder at a position where the incident angle to the pocket is 30 ° to 60 °. Particle separation method characterized by Provide law.

  According to the particle separation apparatus and separation method of the present invention, a donut-shaped water tank without a partition wall is used instead of a conventional fan-shaped water tank, and a curved particle supply cylinder is provided instead of a linear particle supply cylinder. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in particle separation accuracy.

It is a figure explaining the structure and effect | action of a prior art example. It is a figure explaining the structure of the particle separation apparatus of the Example of this invention, and the effect | action of a separation method. It is a figure explaining the structure and effect | action of a prior art example. It is a figure explaining the structure of the particle separation apparatus of the Example of this invention, and the effect | action of a separation method. It is a figure explaining the difference in the separation accuracy by the pocket incident angle of particles.

  Embodiments of a particle separation apparatus and a separation method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings based on examples.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the particle separation apparatus of the present invention. The particle separation apparatus 1 of the present invention includes a rotating water tank 2 and a particle supply cylinder 3 that rotates around the rotating shaft 15 together with the water tank 2 and supplies particles 6 into the water tank 2. The water tank 2 includes a circular inner wall 4 and an outer wall 5, and is configured as a donut-shaped water tank. The water tank 2 is filled with water.

  In such a particle separation apparatus 1, the particle supply cylinder 3 is installed with its base end positioned at the center of the water tank 2 and from the base end toward the outer wall 5 of the water tank 2. The tip of the particle supply cylinder 3 opens into the water tank 2 through the inner wall 4.

  By discharging the particles 6 from the particle supply cylinder 3 into the water tank 2 while keeping the water tank 2 at a constant rotational speed, high specific gravity particles and low specific gravity particles, or the same kind of particles, are separated for each size. The particles are separated by causing relative movement in the counter-rotating direction.

  As described above, in the sector water tank 12 (see FIG. 1) having a conventional partition wall, the inside of the sector water tank 12 is slowly caused by the difference in rotational speed between the water inside the fan shape (inner wall side) and the water outside (outer wall side). Convection occurred. However, in the present invention, such a convection hardly occurs by adopting the donut-shaped water tank 2. This point will be described in more detail below.

  When the water tank 2 having a donut-shaped depression 7 (space) without a partition wall 11 as shown in FIG. 1 is rotated in a state filled with water (see FIG. 2), the water is not constrained in the water tank 2, so Unable to follow the rotational movement, at the beginning of the rotation it begins to move violently in the counter-rotating direction with respect to the aquarium. At first glance, the water appears to rotate violently like a hydrocyclone.

  However, if the inner wall 4 and the outer wall 5 of the donut-shaped water tank 2 have a smooth inner surface without irregularities such as dents and protrusions, the rotation of the water gradually increases when the number of rotations of the water tank 2 becomes constant. It catches up with the rotation of the water tank 2 and, for example, reaches a completely stationary state within a few minutes under the condition of 2000 rpm.

  In this state, the water in the water tank 2 is completely synchronized (matched) with the rotational speed of each part of the inner wall 4 in contact with the water, so the difference between the rotational speed of the water on the inner wall 4 side and the water on the outer wall 5 side is The convection is clearly smaller than that of the conventional fan-shaped water tank 12, the disturbance of the trajectory of the particles 6 emitted from the particle supply cylinder 3 is eliminated, and the decrease in particle separation accuracy can be prevented.

  As described above, in the present invention, the donut-shaped water tank 2 is adopted, and in this respect, the remarkable operational effects as described above are produced. Further, the particle supply cylinder 3 is configured as described below with reference to FIG. As a result, synergistically greater effects are produced.

  That is, the linear particle supply cylinder 14 (see FIG. 3) has a problem that the particles 6 tend to aggregate in the cylinder and the particles 6 easily rotate in the cylinder. Therefore, in the present invention, the curved particle supply cylinder 8 is configured as a curved supply cylinder that resembles the trajectory of the particles 6 that are curved by the Coriolis force (see FIG. 4). Of course, the curvature of the curved particle supply cylinder 8 does not match the curvature of all the particle trajectories.

  However, by preparing the curved particle supply cylinder 8 having a plurality of types of curvature in advance, or by using a flexible material capable of changing the curvature for the curved particle supply cylinder 8, particles that are curved to some extent by Coriolis force. By providing a curved curvature resembling that of the orbit 6, the particles 6 having a larger curvature of the particle orbit due to the Coriolis force than the curvature of the curved particle supply cylinder 8 gather on the wall on the anti-rotation direction side, and bend the curved particles. Particles 6 having substantially the same curvature of the particle trajectory due to the curvature of the supply cylinder 8 and the Coriolis force gather near the center of the particle supply cylinder, and have a smaller curvature of the particle trajectory due to the Coriolis force than the curvature of the curved particle supply cylinder 8. Gather on the wall in the direction of rotation. As a result, the effect of alleviating the aggregation of the particles 6 occurs as a whole.

  Further, since the force of pressing the particles 6 near the surface of the inner wall 4 of the curved particle supply cylinder 8 against the surface of the inner wall 4 is reduced as compared with the linear particle supply cylinder 14, the inside of the curved particle supply cylinder 8 is reduced. It can be expected that the rotational force of the particles 6 is weakened.

  Even if some rotational force of the particles remains in the curved particle supply cylinder 8, the particles 6 on the wall surface on the anti-rotation direction side are “sliced” and the center particle 6 is further rotated to the anti-rotation direction side. Instead, the particles 6 on the wall surface on the rotation direction side are “hooked” in the water tank 2 as they are and tend to bend further in the rotation direction side. As a result, the rotational lift itself is not always welcome because it causes an unexpected change in the curvature of the particle trajectory. However, the degree of curvature of the particle trajectory is increased compared to the linear particle supply cylinder 14, so that the separation accuracy It becomes difficult to be connected to the decline.

  By the way, according to the linear particle supply cylinder 14, the particles 6 to which almost no Coriolis force is applied proceed straight in the centrifugal direction from the axis. At this time, since the particles 6 are collected in a plurality of pockets 9 that are divided in the circumferential direction, the particles 6 traveling straightly are incident on the pockets 9 as indicated by reference numeral (a) in FIG. There is a high probability that particles with a slightly different trajectory will be collected at a very close position and collected in the same pocket 9 at an angle of around 90 °.

  However, in the present invention, in the case where the Coriolis force is applied to draw a trajectory curved from the axial center and is collected in the pocket 9, it is incident (collected) at an angle smaller than 90 ° (for example, 45 °) with respect to the pocket 9. ) In this case, as shown by the symbol (b) in FIG. 5, the particles 6 having similar orbits are also collected in the pockets 9 with a certain extent, so that the particles 6 having slightly different orbits are collected in the different pockets 9. The probability that it will be increased.

  However, when the Coriolis force works strongly and draws a strongly curved orbit from the axial center, for example, the particles 6 emitted in the 12 o'clock direction of the watch are bent and collected in the pocket 9 in the 3 o'clock direction. Then, since the incident angle of the particle 6 with respect to the pocket 9 becomes extremely small and the particle trajectory traces the edge of the pocket 9, the particle 6 having a similar trajectory is collected across all the pockets 9.

  Further, since the water in the water tank 2 is a rigid body flow without convection, in order for the particles 6 to be collected in the pockets 9, it is necessary to push the water in the pockets 9 by the inertial force of the particles 6. However, when the incident angle is small, the inertial force in the direction of the pocket 9 is extremely small, so that the case of entering the pocket 9 without being supposed to enter the pocket 9 is created.

  For this reason, as indicated by reference numeral (c) in FIG. 5, when the incident angle of the particles 6 is extremely small, the probability of being collected in the same pocket 9 as the particles 6 having different trajectories increases.

  As described above, the difference in the incident angle of the particle 6 with respect to the pocket 9 (more precisely, the angle with respect to the tangent at the position of the pocket on the circumference where the pockets 9 are arranged) improves the particle collection accuracy, that is, the separation accuracy. The recovery accuracy increases when it can be recovered approximately at an incident angle of 30 ° to 60 °.

  In addition, although the particle | grain discharge | release conditions used as the incident angle 30 degrees-60 degrees with respect to the pocket 9 of the particle | grains 6 change with conditions, such as the diameter and rotation speed of the water tank 10, and the particle diameter and particle | grain specific gravity of the particle | grains 6, Preparing a curved particle supply cylinder 8 having a length in advance, or using a flexible material capable of changing the curvature of the curved particle supply cylinder 8 to adjust the bending method of the curved particle supply cylinder. Thus, it is possible to realize a particle emission condition that satisfies the incident angle.

  In the case where the particle size width and specific gravity range of the separated particles are relatively narrow and the collection is completed with a narrow pocket width, the particle trajectory is forced to have an incident angle of 30 ° to 60 ° by the above means and method. It is possible to improve the separation accuracy.

  That is, by reducing the degree of curvature or increasing the length of the cylinder (increasing the distance from the axis to the emission point), the incident angle of the particles 6 into the pocket 9 is set to 30 ° to 60 °. be able to.

  Here, whether the curvature of the curved particle supply cylinder 8 should be close to the curvature of the particle trajectory or forcedly collected at an incident angle of 30 ° to 60 ° depends on the characteristics of the target particles. change.

  The embodiments and examples of the particle separation device and the separation method according to the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to such examples, and is described in the claims. It goes without saying that there are various embodiments within the technical scope.

  According to the particle separation apparatus and the separation method of the present invention having the above-described configuration, various industrial fields (manufacturing in the mining industry and various industrial fields) that require separation of particles in the suspension by particle size or specific gravity. It can be applied to particle separation process in process, recycling and environmental repair process.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Particle separator 2 Water tank 3 Particle supply cylinder 4 Inner wall 5 Outer wall 6 Particle 7 Depression 8 Curved particle supply cylinder 9 Pocket 10 Circular water tank 11 Bulkhead 12 Fan-shaped water tank 13 Particle supply cylinder 14 Linear particle supply cylinder 15 Rotating shaft

Claims (4)

A water tank that rotates, and a particle supply cylinder provided in the water tank from the rotation center of the water tank toward the outer wall of the water tank, and in a state where the water tank is maintained at a constant rotation speed, In a separation device that separates particles by releasing the particles into high-density particles and low-density particles, or by moving the same kind of particles relative to each other in the counter-rotating direction for each size,
A particle separator having a configuration in which convection of water in a water tank during particle separation can be suppressed by making the shape inside the water tank into a donut shape. In a state in which the water tank is maintained at a constant rotation speed by a separation device that separates the particles including a rotating water tank and a particle supply tube provided in the water tank from the rotation center of the water tank toward the outer wall direction of the water tank, Separation method in which particles are separated from each other by moving particles of high specific gravity and low specific gravity particles or particles of the same type relative to each other in the counter-rotating direction by discharging particles into the water tank from the particle supply cylinder In
A particle separation method characterized in that convection of water in the water tank during particle separation is suppressed by making the inside of the water tank into a donut shape. A water tank that rotates, and a particle supply cylinder provided in the water tank from the rotation center of the water tank toward the outer wall of the water tank, and in a state where the water tank is maintained at a constant rotation speed, In a separation device that separates particles by relatively moving them in the counter-rotating direction for each size of high specific gravity particles and low specific gravity particles, or particles of the same type
By making the shape inside the water tank a donut shape, it is possible to suppress convection of water in the water tank during particle separation,
By making the particle supply cylinder a curved particle supply cylinder, while suppressing aggregation and rotation of particles during separation, the curved particle supply cylinder having a plurality of types of curvatures and lengths prepared in advance can be replaced. By using a flexible material that can change the curvature of the curved particle supply cylinder, the bending of the curved particle supply cylinder is adjusted to adjust the bending of the curved particle supply cylinder to the pocket of particles released from the curved particle supply cylinder. A particle separation device characterized in that it can be collected at a position where the incident angle is 30 ° to 60 °. In a state in which the water tank is maintained at a constant rotation speed by a separation device that separates the particles including a rotating water tank and a particle supply tube provided in the water tank from the rotation center of the water tank toward the outer wall direction of the water tank, Separation by separating particles by releasing particles from the particle supply cylinder into the water tank, by moving the high specific gravity particles and low specific gravity particles or the same type of particles relatively large in the counter-rotation direction for each size. In the method
By making the shape inside the water tank a donut shape, the convection of water in the water tank during particle separation is suppressed,
By making the particle supply cylinder a curved particle supply cylinder, while suppressing aggregation and rotation of particles during separation, the curved particle supply cylinder having a plurality of types of curvatures and lengths prepared in advance can be replaced. By using a flexible material that can change the curvature of the curved particle supply cylinder and adjusting the bending method of the curved particle supply cylinder, the particles released from the curved particle supply cylinder can be put into the pockets. A particle separation method characterized by having a configuration capable of being collected at a position where the incident angle is 30 ° to 60 °.