JP2010203633A - Storage type water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a storage type water heater capable of suppressing the amount of energy necessary for avoiding shortage of hot water even when the size of a hot water storage tank is reduced. <P>SOLUTION: A controller 11 of the storage type water heater 1 determines boiling temperature based on the history data of past intensive load stored in a memory 12. In this case, the controller 11 determines the boiling temperature so as to secure a heat quantity excluding heat quantity obtained from a heat pump unit 2 while the intensive load is generated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus.

  In a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus that uses hot water when necessary while boiling tap water and holding it in a hot water storage tank, for example, as shown in the following Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-271119), Heating operation is performed in which the hot water tank is filled with hot water using late-night electricity, which has a relatively low price.

  However, the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-271119) uses a hot water storage tank whose amount exceeds the average amount of hot water used on a user's day. For this reason, for example, it is necessary to use a hot water storage tank having a large capacity of about 370 liters, and it is necessary to ensure a wide installation space.

  On the other hand, when trying to reduce the size of the hot water storage tank, it is likely to be separately heated in addition to the heating using midnight power.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to suppress the amount of energy required to avoid the occurrence of hot water short even when the hot water storage tank is downsized. An object of the present invention is to provide a hot water storage type hot water supply device capable of performing the above.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention is a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus that stores heated water before use, and includes a hot water storage tank, a heat pump unit, a heat amount detection unit, a memory, and a control unit. Yes. The heat pump unit has a heat pump cycle for increasing the amount of heat in the hot water storage tank. The heat quantity detection unit detects the heat quantity of the water in the hot water storage tank or the physical quantity related to the heat quantity and / or the change in the heat quantity or the change in the physical quantity related to the heat quantity. The memory stores a history of values detected by the heat quantity detection unit. The control unit includes a first period that is a predetermined first time period, and a second time period that is shorter than the first time period in the first period. The second period with an arbitrary end point is used. And a control part performs the load corresponding | compatible control which controls a heat pump unit so that the calorie | heat amount of the water of a hot water storage tank becomes a target calorie | heat amount value after the reference | standard time which is the end time of a 1st period. The control unit specifies the predicted load amount based on the heat reduction amount of the water in the hot water storage tank in the past arbitrary second period. Further, when the control unit performs the load corresponding control, even if the heat amount of the water in the hot water storage tank is reduced by the predicted load amount within the second time length, the hot water storage tank The target calorific value is set as the amount of heat that can maintain the amount of heat in the hot water tank or a predetermined amount of heat in the state where the water in the hot water is substantially uniform at room temperature at room temperature, and the amount of heat remaining in the hot water tank can be maintained. Determine. The physical quantity related to the heat quantity includes, for example, temperature and volume.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply device, even when the hot water storage tank is downsized, even if the predicted load amount generated in the past first period occurs again, the hot water storage tank can store the amount of heat that can be supplied with hot water. It is possible to keep it in a state. For this reason, even when the hot water storage tank is downsized, the amount of energy necessary for avoiding the occurrence of hot water can be kept small.

  The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the second invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the first invention, wherein the control unit temporarily sets the target heat quantity value within the second time length when performing load corresponding control. The amount of water in the hot water tank may decrease by the predicted load amount, but the amount of heat in the hot water tank is greater than or equal to the amount of heat in the hot water tank when the water temperature in the hot water tank is substantially uniform at room temperature. The target calorific value is determined as the calorific value that can maintain the state where the calorific water remains in the hot water storage tank.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, even if an expected load amount occurs within the second time length, a certain amount of heat can remain in the hot water storage tank. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of hot water can be suppressed more effectively.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the second time length is the minimum time required for accumulating the second predetermined amount of heat in the hot water storage tank using the heat pump unit. Value.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply device, the minimum value of the time required to accumulate a predetermined amount of heat in the hot water storage tank is adopted as the second time length, so that whatever the load below the predetermined amount of heat occurs, the hot water runs out. Can be prevented from occurring.

  The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the fourth invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the second invention, wherein the second time length is when the normal temperature water filling the hot water storage tank is raised to a predetermined temperature of 65 ° C. or higher. This is the minimum time required for operation of the heat pump unit.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, no matter what load less than a predetermined amount of heat occurs by adopting the minimum value of the time required to store water at a predetermined temperature in the hot water storage tank as the second time length. It becomes possible to prevent hot water from running out.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, wherein the predicted load amount is the amount of heat decreased in the hot water storage tank in an arbitrary second period. Maximum heat loss.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, even if the maximum load in the past first period occurs again, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of hot water shortage.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, wherein the predicted load amount is an average value of the reduced heat amount of water in the hot water storage tank in an arbitrary second period. It is.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, even if the average load in the past first period occurs again, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of hot water shortage.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, wherein the predicted load amount is a memory of a reduced heat amount of water in the hot water storage tank in an arbitrary second period. Is an average value of values obtained by weighting based on the history stored in.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, even if a load of about the weighted average value in the past first period occurs again, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of hot water shortage.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh aspects of the invention, wherein the control unit is configured to perform the second period within the range of the capability of the heat pump unit in the load corresponding control. The amount of heat obtained by subtracting the maximum amount of heat that can be stored in the hot water storage tank from the predicted load amount is stored in the hot water storage tank. Here, the amount of heat that can be stored in the hot water storage tank by the capacity of the heat pump unit corresponds to, for example, an increase in the amount of heat in the hot water storage tank when the rated operation is continued for the second period.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, even when a hot water supply load corresponding to the predicted load amount is generated in the load correspondence control, the hot water storage tank is simultaneously filled with the hot water load corresponding to the generated predicted load amount. It is possible to supply heat to water. And while respond | corresponding to the hot water supply load corresponded to this estimated load amount, the heat amount supplied to the water in a hot water storage tank is excluded from the heat amount stored beforehand in load corresponding | compatible control simultaneously. For this reason, it is possible to cope with the load even when a load corresponding to the predicted load amount occurs while suppressing the energy required for performing the load handling control.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of the second to fourth aspects of the present invention, wherein in the load corresponding control, the control unit includes the predicted load amount within the second time length. Immediately after it has been reduced, the minimum amount of heat required to ensure the amount of heat in the hot water tank or a predetermined amount of heat in the state where the water in the hot water tank is substantially uniform at room temperature is normal. The target calorific value is determined so that it remains.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank can correspond to the predicted load amount in the past first period, and the amount of energy required to secure the heat amount in the hot water storage tank is reduced. It becomes possible to suppress.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the control unit is longer than the second time length and shorter than the first time length. A third period that is a period of the third time length is repeatedly counted from the reference time point. The control unit performs load handling control by updating the first period so that the end point of the third period becomes a new reference time point.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, since the reference time point is updated every time the third period elapses, it is possible to always perform load correspondence control using the predicted load amount based on the history of the most recent first period. become. For this reason, it becomes easy to reflect a user's recent use condition.

  The hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the eleventh aspect of the invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the tenth aspect of the invention, wherein the third time length is one day.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, the usage status based on the user's life rhythm can be reflected in the control.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a twelfth aspect of the invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the tenth aspect of the invention or the eleventh aspect of the invention, wherein the controller controls the heat pump unit by electricity. When the electricity usage fee varies depending on the usage time zone during the third period, the control unit sets the start time of the load handling control so that the load handling control can be finished in the time zone where the usage fee is the cheapest. Determine.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, it becomes possible to execute load correspondence control at a relatively inexpensive electric charge.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, wherein the control unit performs substantially the same time as the last time point of the time period when the usage fee is cheapest and the time point when the load handling control ends. The start point of load handling control is determined so that it can be performed.

  In this hot water storage type hot-water supply device, if the water is boiled in a time zone that is not scheduled to be used, a heat dissipation loss is likely to occur until it is actually used. On the other hand, in this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, it is possible to shorten the time before use after finishing the load handling control, and it is possible to reduce the heat dissipation loss.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of the tenth aspect to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, wherein the control unit reduces the amount of heat of the water stored in the hot water storage tank every third period during the first period. When the third average heat quantity, which is an average value, is obtained and the third average heat quantity is larger than the predicted load quantity, the predicted load quantity is calculated from the third average heat quantity until the third time length elapses from the reference time point. The third difference ensuring control for controlling the heat pump unit is performed so that the remaining heat quantity obtained by subtracting is secured.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, even if the third average heat amount is larger than the predicted load amount, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of hot water shortage during the third period.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, wherein the control unit starts the third difference ensuring control when the detection value of the heat quantity detection unit becomes a predetermined value or less.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, the third difference ensuring control can be automatically performed when the detection value of the heat quantity detection unit becomes a predetermined value or less and the heat quantity in the hot water storage tank decreases. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of hot water can be suppressed now.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, wherein the control unit determines a time point when the third difference securing control is performed based on the history stored in the memory.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply device, by performing the third difference securing control so as to conform to the usage mode of the user, it is possible to reduce the heat radiation loss in the time after the third difference securing control until the user uses the hot water. Will be able to.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention is a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus that stores heated water before use, and includes a hot water storage tank, a heat pump unit, a hot water supply pipe, a memory, and a control unit. . The heat pump unit has a heat pump cycle for increasing the amount of heat in the hot water storage tank. The hot water supply pipe guides the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank to the hot water use section. The memory stores a history of the amount of heat that the water that has passed through the hot water supply pipe or a history of a physical amount related to the amount of heat. The control unit changes the target calorific value of the water in the hot water storage tank according to the history of the amount of heat that the water passing through the hot water supply pipe has or the history of the physical quantity related to the amount of heat. Here, examples of the hot water utilization unit include a bath, a shower, and a radiator.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply device, even when the hot water storage tank is downsized, it is possible to adjust the amount of heat reserved in the hot water storage tank according to the heat amount of the water that has flowed through the past hot water supply pipes, etc. Become. For this reason, even when the hot water storage tank is downsized, the amount of energy necessary for avoiding the occurrence of hot water can be kept small.

  A hot water storage hot water supply apparatus according to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention is a hot water storage hot water supply apparatus that stores heated water before use, and includes a hot water storage tank, a heat pump unit, a hot water switch, a memory, and a control unit. Yes. The heat pump unit has a heat pump cycle for increasing the amount of heat in the hot water storage tank. The hot water switch receives a signal for supplying a predetermined amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank to the bath. The memory stores history information regarding whether or not the hot water switch has received a signal. The control unit changes the target calorific value of the water in the hot water storage tank according to the presence or absence of history information regarding whether or not the hot water switch has received a signal.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, even when the hot water storage tank is downsized, the amount of heat to be secured in the hot water storage tank can be adjusted according to the past hot water beam history. For this reason, even when the hot water storage tank is downsized, the amount of energy necessary for avoiding the occurrence of hot water can be kept small.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the first to eighteenth aspects of the present invention, wherein a hot water supply pipe for supplying water to the hot water storage tank and a temperature of water passing through the hot water supply pipe are detected. And a water supply temperature sensor. Even if the control unit determines the target heat value of the hot water tank water, if the temperature detected by the feed water temperature sensor falls below the specified temperature, or if the temperature drops more than the specified temperature change, control The unit performs control to increase the target heat value of the water in the determined hot water storage tank.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply device, the target heat value when the feed water temperature is lowered is increased by increasing the target heat value of the water in the hot water storage tank set by the control unit, thereby increasing the hot water supply load due to the drop in the feed water temperature. It becomes possible to respond.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a twentieth aspect of the invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of the first to eighteenth aspects of the invention, wherein the control section stores hot water when the amount of water in the hot water storage tank becomes a predetermined value or less. The boiling operation control that increases the heat quantity of water in the tank is performed. The memory stores data relating to the history of the increased heating control. Even if the control unit determines the target heat value of the water in the hot water storage tank, if the memory stores data related to the history of the operation control for increasing boiling within the predetermined period in the past, the control unit Performs control to increase the target heat value of the water in the determined hot water storage tank.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply device, if there is a history that the reheating operation control has been performed within the past predetermined period, the past target heat value determined for the hot water storage tank is small, but here, By raising to a target value exceeding the target heat value, it becomes possible to cope with an increase in hot water supply load.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of the first to twentieth aspects of the present invention, further comprising a heat insulating member arranged outside the hot water storage tank.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, it is possible to reduce heat dissipation loss that occurs after hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank until the hot water is used.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention is the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to any one of the first to twenty-first inventions, wherein the internal volume of the hot water storage tank is 200 liters or less. The instantaneous maximum heating capacity of the heat pump unit is 4.5 kW or more.

  In this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, even when the internal capacity of the hot water storage tank is 200 liters or less, it is possible to cope with a hot water supply load while suppressing energy consumption.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, even when the hot water storage tank is downsized, the amount of energy necessary to avoid the occurrence of hot water shortage can be kept small.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the second aspect of the invention, the occurrence of hot water shortage can be more effectively suppressed.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the third and fourth aspects of the invention, it is possible to prevent hot water from running out regardless of what load occurs below a predetermined amount of heat.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the fifth to seventh inventions, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of hot water shortage.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the eighth aspect of the invention, it is possible to cope with the load even when a load corresponding to the predicted load amount occurs while suppressing the energy required for performing the load correspondence control to be small.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the ninth aspect of the invention, it is possible to cope with the predicted load amount and to reduce the amount of necessary energy.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the tenth invention, it becomes easy to reflect the recent usage situation of the user.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the eleventh aspect of the invention, the usage status based on the user's life rhythm can be reflected in the control.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the twelfth aspect of the invention, the load correspondence control can be executed at a relatively inexpensive electric charge.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, heat dissipation loss can be reduced.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the fourteenth aspect, it is possible to suppress occurrence of hot water shortage during the third period.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the fifteenth aspect, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of hot water shortage.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce heat dissipation loss.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, even when the hot water storage tank is downsized, the amount of energy required to avoid the occurrence of hot water shortage can be kept small.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the eighteenth aspect of the invention, it is possible to reduce the amount of energy required to avoid the occurrence of hot water shortage.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the nineteenth aspect of the invention, it is possible to cope with an increase in hot water supply load due to a decrease in the temperature of the water supply.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the twentieth invention, it becomes possible to cope with an increase in hot water supply load.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus of the twenty-first aspect of the invention, heat dissipation loss can be reduced.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to the twenty-second aspect of the present invention, even when the internal capacity of the hot water storage tank is 200 liters or less, it is possible to cope with the hot water supply load while suppressing energy consumption.

1 is a schematic external view of a hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a hot water storage device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart of the hot water history control which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the view of the calorie | heat amount in a hot water storage tank. It is a figure which shows the example of the data stored in the memory in the hot water log | history history control which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the time chart of the hot water log | history history control which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the heating operation control of the daytime. It is a flowchart of the load prediction control which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the data stored in memory in the load prediction control which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  A hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<First Embodiment>
<Configuration of hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1>
In FIG. 1, the external view schematic diagram of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown. The schematic block diagram of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 is shown in FIG.

  The hot water storage type hot water supply device 1 is a hot water supply device for storing hot water in advance before being used, and includes a heat pump unit 2 and a hot water storage unit 3, a controller 11 for managing and controlling them, and the like. The controller 11 has a built-in memory 12 that stores various operation history data and state data, and stores power rate setting information for each time zone of the day in advance.

(Heat pump unit 2)
The heat pump unit 2 can function by obtaining electric power as a heat source device for producing hot water, a refrigerant circuit 20 in which a carbon dioxide refrigerant circulates, a water heat exchanger 22, an air heat exchanger fan 24F, and various sensors. Etc. The heat pump unit 2 has an instantaneous maximum heating capacity of 4.5 kW or more, and the heat pump unit 2 of the first embodiment has an instantaneous maximum heating capacity of 10 kW.

  The refrigerant circuit 20 includes a compressor 21, an internal heat exchanger 26, an expansion valve 23, an air heat exchanger 24, a refrigerant pipe 22 r in the water heat exchanger 22, and a refrigerant pipe 25.

  The internal heat exchanger 26 has a high-pressure side pipe 26h and a low-pressure side pipe 26l. The internal heat exchanger 26 exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the high-pressure side pipe 26h and the refrigerant flowing through the low-pressure side pipe 26l. In the internal heat exchanger 26, the refrigerant flow direction flowing through the high-pressure side pipe 26h and the refrigerant flow direction flowing through the low-pressure side pipe 26l are provided in a mutually opposing relationship.

  The refrigerant pipe 25 includes a discharge side of the compressor 21, a refrigerant pipe 22 r in the water heat exchanger 22, a high-pressure side pipe 26 h in the internal heat exchanger 26, an expansion valve 23, an air heat exchanger 24, and an internal heat exchanger 26. Each device is connected in the order of the inner low pressure side pipe 26l and the suction side of the compressor 21, and the refrigerant is circulated therein.

  The water heat exchanger 22 has a refrigerant pipe 22r and a water pipe 32w. The water heat exchanger 22 generates heat between the high-temperature refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 22r after being discharged by the compressor 21 of the heat pump unit 2 and the water flowing through the water pipe 32w when circulating through the hot water storage unit 3 described later. Let the exchange take place. By the heat exchange in the water heat exchanger 22, the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant pipe 22r is cooled, and at the same time, the water passing through the water pipe 32w is heated to produce hot water.

  In the air heat exchange fan 24F, the air volume of the air supplied to the air heat exchanger 24 is adjusted by the controller 11. Thereby, the evaporation capacity of the refrigerant in the air heat exchanger 24 is adjusted.

  Examples of the various sensors include sensors for detecting temperature and pressure related to the refrigerant. For example, the suction pressure sensor 20P, the suction temperature sensor 20T, the discharge pressure sensor 21P, the discharge temperature sensor 21T, and the post-hydrothermal refrigerant temperature sensor 22T. The outside air temperature sensor 23T, the post-air heat exchange refrigerant temperature sensor 24T, and the like are provided so that the controller 11 can grasp the detected value. The suction pressure sensor 20P detects the refrigerant pressure that passes through the suction side of the compressor 21. The suction temperature sensor 20T detects the refrigerant temperature passing through the suction side of the compressor 21. The discharge pressure sensor 21P detects the refrigerant pressure passing through the discharge side of the compressor 21. The discharge temperature sensor 21T detects the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the discharge side of the compressor 21. The refrigerant temperature sensor 22T after the hydrothermal exchange detects the temperature of the refrigerant cooled by passing through the water heat exchanger 22. The post-air heat exchange refrigerant temperature sensor 24T detects the temperature of the refrigerant after being heated in the air heat exchanger 24.

(Hot water storage unit 3)
The hot water storage unit 3 is a device that warms and stores water supplied from outside such as city water by heat obtained from the heat pump unit 2, and uses the hot water storage tank 35, a hot water circulation circuit 30, a regenerative heat exchanger. 42, a memorial heat source circuit 40, a memorial utilization circuit 50, a hot water supply hot water supply circuit 70, and the like.

  The hot water storage tank 35 is a tank that stores hot water obtained by heat obtained from the heat pump unit 2 in advance before use. The hot water storage tank 35 is always filled with water and hot water, and a hot water temperature detection sensor 36 is provided for allowing the controller 11 to grasp the amount of hot water. This hot water temperature detection sensor 36 includes a first hot water volume detection temperature sensor T1 to a sixth hot water volume detection temperature sensor T6. The first hot water amount detection temperature sensor T1 to the sixth hot water amount detection temperature sensor T6 are arranged at predetermined intervals in order from the lower side of the hot water storage tank 35 to the upper side. When the controller 11 detects that the temperature detected by the first hot water amount detection temperature sensor T1 is lower than a temperature obtained by adding a predetermined temperature to a detection temperature of a feed water temperature sensor 71T described later, the controller 11 drives the heat pump unit 2 to boil it up. Do the driving. The boiling operation is an operation in which the amount of heat is increased until the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank 35 reaches a target temperature. Further, the controller 11 starts the boiling operation control when hot water is exhausted in the hot water storage tank 35 and performs control to increase the amount of water in the hot water storage tank 35.

  The hot water storage circulation circuit 30 is a circuit for transmitting the heat obtained by the heat pump unit 2 to the water or hot water in the hot water storage tank 35, the hot water storage pipe 31, the water pipe 32w in the water heat exchanger 22, and the hot water return. It has a pipe 33 and a hot water storage pump 34. The hot water storage outlet pipe 31 connects the vicinity of the lower end of the hot water storage tank 35 and the upstream end of the water pipe 32 w in the water heat exchanger 22. The hot water storage pipe 31 is provided with a hot water storage temperature sensor 31T for detecting the temperature of passing water or hot water. The hot water storage return pipe 33 connects the downstream end of the water pipe 32 w in the water heat exchanger 22 and the vicinity of the upper end of the hot water storage tank 35. The hot water storage return pipe 33 is provided with a hot water storage return temperature sensor 33T for detecting the temperature of passing water or hot water. The hot water storage pump 34 is provided in the middle of the hot water storage pipe 31. In the hot water storage circuit 30, the hot water storage pump 34 is driven in response to a command from the controller 11, so that the water in the hot water storage tank 35 or the hot water existing below the hot water is discharged from the hot water storage pipe. It is returned to the vicinity of the upper end of the hot water storage tank 35 via the hot water storage return pipe 33 while the temperature is raised by passing it through the water pipe 32 w in the water heat exchanger 22. As a result, the boundary between hot water and water in the hot water storage tank 35 moves from top to bottom, and the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 35 increases.

  The memorial heat exchanger 42 has a heat source pipe 42 w through which hot water in the hot water storage tank 35 circulates and a use pipe 52 w through which hot water circulated in the external bath 59 circulates. In the memorial heat exchanger 42, the temperature of the hot water flowing through the use pipe 52w can be increased by performing heat exchange between the hot water flowing through the heat source pipe 42w and the hot water flowing through the use pipe 52w.

  The memorial heat source circuit 40 is a circuit on the heat supply side for further raising the temperature of the hot water stored in the external bath 59 by using the heat of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 35. The heat source forward pipe 41, the heat source pipe 42 w in the additional heat exchanger 42, the heat source return pipe 43, and the heat source pump 44 are provided. The heat source forward pipe 41 connects the vicinity of the upper end portion of the hot water storage tank 35 and the upstream side end portion of the heat source pipe 42 w in the additional heat exchanger 42. The heat source forward pipe 41 is provided with a heat source forward temperature sensor 41T for detecting the temperature of the passing water or hot water. The heat source return pipe 43 connects the downstream end of the heat source pipe 42 w in the tracking heat exchanger 42 and the vicinity of the lower end of the hot water storage tank 35. The heat source pump 44 is provided in the middle of the heat source return pipe 43. In the remedy heat source circuit 40, the heat source pump 44 is driven in response to a command from the controller 11, so that the hot water existing in the hot water storage tank 35 or the hot water existing above is heated to the heat source forward pipe 41. The heat is returned to the vicinity of the lower end of the hot water storage tank 35 via the heat source return pipe 43 while the temperature is lowered by passing through the heat source pipe 42w in the tracking heat exchanger 42.

  The memorial use circuit 50 is a circuit for obtaining the heat of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 35 via the memorial heat source circuit 40, and includes a use pipe 51 and a memorial heat exchanger 42. The use pipe 52w, the use return pipe 53, and the use pump 54 are included. The use forward pipe 51 connects the external bath 59 and the upstream end of the use pipe 52 w in the additional heat exchanger 42. The usage pipe 51 is provided with a usage temperature sensor 51T for detecting the temperature of water or hot water passing therethrough. The use return pipe 53 connects the downstream end portion of the use pipe 52 w in the tracking heat exchanger 42 and the external bath 59. The usage pump 54 is provided in the middle of the usage return pipe 53. In the memorial use circuit 50, the use pump 54 is driven in response to a command from the controller 11, so that the hot water in the external bath 59 flows out to the use pipe 51, and the use pipe in the memorial heat exchanger 42 is used. The temperature is raised by passing 52w and returned to the external bath 59 through the use return pipe 53. As a result, the temperature of the hot water in the external bath 59 can be raised, and reheating can be executed. In addition, when hot water is poured in to bathe in the bath 59, hot water operation is performed, and the bath 59 is filled with hot water at a preset temperature set by the user and with a preset amount of water. The hot water operation is started when the hot water button 59a is pressed. The fact that the hot water is applied is stored in the memory 12 as history data.

  The hot water supply hot water supply circuit 70 is a circuit for using hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 35 while receiving supply of water from an external city water or the like, and includes a water supply pipe 71, a hot water supply pipe 73, a bypass pipe 74, A water supply branch valve 76 and a hot water supply mixing valve 77 are provided. The water supply pipe 71 is supplied with water from outside city water or the like, and supplies room temperature water near the lower end of the hot water storage tank 35. The water supply pipe 71 is provided with a water supply temperature sensor 71T for detecting the temperature of the water supplied by the city water. The hot water supply pipe 73 guides the hot water present in the vicinity of the upper end of the water or hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 35 to the user's use location. The hot water supply pipe 73 is provided with a hot water supply temperature sensor 73T for detecting the temperature of passing water or hot water. The bypass pipe 74 mixes normal temperature water flowing through the water supply pipe 71 with hotter hot water flowing from the vicinity of the upper end of the hot water storage tank 35 through the hot water supply pipe 73, thereby bringing the bypass pipe 74 near the upper end of the hot water storage tank 35. It is a tube for obtaining hot water or water at a temperature between that of existing hot water. The bypass pipe 74 connects the middle of the water supply pipe 71 and the middle of the hot water supply pipe 73. The bypass pipe 74 is provided with a bypass temperature sensor 74T for detecting the temperature of passing water or hot water. The water supply branch valve 76 is provided at the mixing portion of the water supply pipe 71 and the bypass pipe 74. This water supply branch valve 76 can receive an instruction from the controller 11 and adjust the amount of water that passes through the water supply pipe 71 and flows into the vicinity of the lower end of the hot water storage tank 35. The hot water mixing valve 77 is provided at the mixing portion of the hot water supply pipe 73 and the bypass pipe 74. This hot water mixing valve 77 receives a command from the controller 11 and mixes the amount of hot water to be guided from the vicinity of the upper end of the hot water storage tank 35 to the user's use location and the amount of water passing through the bypass pipe 74. Can be adjusted.

  Here, FIG. 3 shows an exploded perspective view of the internal components of the hot water storage unit 3.

  The hot water storage unit 3 includes a housing C and a heat insulating portion 38 and covers the periphery of the hot water storage tank 35 and the like described above.

  The casing C includes a top plate C1, a first side plate C2, a second side plate C3, a front panel C4, and a support base C5. The front panel C4 is provided with a controller opening C4a, a controller window C4b, pipe support panels C4c and C4d for supporting a water supply port, and a pipe connection port C4e below.

  The heat insulating part 38 is made of polystyrene foam or polyethylene foam, and has a first side heat insulating part 38a, a second side heat insulating part 38b, a bottom heat insulating part 38c, a top heat insulating part 38d, and an upper lid heat insulating part 38e. By these, the outer periphery of the hot water storage tank 35 is covered and the heat insulation function is exhibited.

<Hot water history control>
The hot water storage tank 35 included in the hot water storage unit 3 of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 has an internal capacity of 180 liters and is smaller than a conventional tank. Thereby, the hot water storage unit 3 can be reduced in size. However, since the internal capacity of the hot water storage tank 35 is smaller than that of the conventional one, when the hot water supply load increases intensively, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 35 is easily lost. For this reason, in this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1, hot water history control is performed so that the amount of hot water desired by the user can be provided at a timing desired by the user while keeping the energy consumption as small as possible. In the state where hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 35, although the heat dissipation loss is kept small by covering the periphery with the heat insulating portion 38, the heat dissipation loss slightly occurs. For this reason, the timing at which hot water is prepared in the hot water storage tank 35 is determined by the controller 11 so as to be close to the timing at which hot water is expected to be used in order to shorten the time interval in which this heat loss occurs. It is adjusted in hot water history control.

  FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of operation control of the hot water storage type hot water supply device 1 when hot water beam history control is performed.

  In this hot water history control, the controller 11 stores in the memory 12 data indicating whether hot water operation in which the hot water is poured into the bath 59 has been performed or not for the past seven days. The controller 11 has a timer function that can grasp the date, time, and the like. First, the controller 11 determines a target value of the boiling temperature that is the temperature of hot water filling the hot water storage tank 35.

  In addition, as the amount of heat stored in the hot water storage tank 35, here, not the actual amount of heat but a value obtained by multiplying the difference from the temperature detected by the feed water temperature sensor 71T by the volume or the like is handled as the amount of heat. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, when the temperature detected by the feed water temperature sensor 71T is 10 ° C., in a state where 150 liters of 70 ° C. hot water exists in the hot water storage tank 35, (70 ° C. −10 ° C.) × 150 liters is considered to be stored as the amount of heat obtained by converting to gram. In this case, 300 liters of 40 ° C. hot water can be obtained as the hot water supply temperature. That is, the relationship of the amount of heat obtained by converting (70 ° C.-10 ° C.) × 150 liters into gram = the amount of heat obtained by converting (40 ° C.−10 ° C.) × 300 liters into gram is established.

  In step S11, the controller 11 determines whether or not it is 5 am. If the controller 11 determines that it is 5:00 am, the process proceeds to step S12. If the controller 11 determines that it is not 5:00 am, the process proceeds to step S16.

  In step S12, the controller 11 calculates the hot water supply heat amount required within 24 hours from here as a predicted hot water supply amount for one day. The predicted hot water supply amount for one day is obtained by removing the data on the day of the maximum load and the data on the day of the minimum load from each data of the heat amount required for the hot water supply for the past seven days stored in the memory 12. It is a value obtained by calculating an average for the remaining data. Specifically, past history data as shown in FIG. 6 is stored in the memory 12, and the controller 11 performs processing with reference to this. Thereby, a user's usage-amount can be estimated based on the average usage-amount of the last 7 days. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S13.

  In step S13, the controller 11 refers to the hot water operation history data stored in the memory 12 to determine whether or not at least one hot water operation has been performed within the last 7 days. to decide. Here, when the controller 11 determines that the hot water operation has been performed within 7 days, the process proceeds to step S14. When the controller 11 determines that there is no history of hot water operation within 7 days, the process proceeds to step S15.

  In step S14, the controller 11 determines that there is a high possibility that the hot water supply load becomes high because the hot water operation has been performed recently, and determines the predicted boiling temperature to a value calculated by the following equation. Then, the process proceeds to step S18.

  Predicted boiling temperature = (hot water heat amount + assumed load heat amount) / internal capacity of hot water storage tank 35 + water temperature

Here, the hot water heat amount is a value obtained by multiplying the hot water set water amount in the bath 59 preset by the user by the difference between the set temperature of the bath 59 and the city water temperature.
Here, the assumed heat load is the amount of hot water that is determined in advance when taking a shower rather than bathing (for example, for two showers), the set temperature of the shower, and the temperature of city water. It is a value obtained by multiplying the difference. The internal capacity of the hot water storage tank 35 is 180 liters. The water temperature is the temperature of city water detected by the water supply temperature sensor 71T.

  In step S15, the controller 11 determines that there is a high possibility that the hot water supply load is reduced because the hot water operation has not been performed recently, and determines the predicted boiling temperature to be 65 ° C., which is set in advance. Then, the process proceeds to step S18.

  In step S <b> 16, the controller 11 determines whether or not there is a history of a new transition from the non-established state to the established state for the high temperature hot water storage requirement. Here, if the controller 11 determines that there is a history of the high temperature hot water storage requirement that has been newly transferred from the non-established state to the established state, the process proceeds to step S17. Otherwise, return to step S11 and repeat.

  Here, the high-temperature hot water storage requirement is a memory in which the hot water storage operation is performed when the hot water storage temperature is forcibly set to 85 ° C. or more by the user or the hot water in the hot water storage tank 35 is exhausted. 12 or when the temperature detected by the feed water temperature sensor T71 falls below a predetermined temperature or when a temperature drop above a predetermined value occurs. This is because when the boiling increase operation is performed, there is a shortage in the amount of hot water supply heat predicted in the past. Moreover, if the feed water temperature falls below a predetermined temperature, even if it is the same boiling temperature, a larger amount of heat is required for the lowering of the feed water temperature.

  In step S17, the controller 11 determines that the predicted boiling temperature is 85 ° C. because the hot water supply load is expected to increase. Then, the process proceeds to step S18.

  In step S18, the controller 11 determines whether or not the predicted boiling temperature is less than 85 ° C. If it is determined that the temperature is not less than 85 ° C., the process proceeds to step S19. When it is determined that the temperature is lower than 85 ° C., the process proceeds to step S20.

  In step S19, the controller 11 has a predicted boiling temperature exceeding 85 ° C., and since it is too high, the operation efficiency of the heat pump unit 2 is deteriorated, scale is generated, and heat loss is increased. The temperature is corrected to 85 ° C. Then, the process proceeds to step S21.

  In step S20, the controller 11 has a predicted boiling temperature of less than 85 ° C., and the predicted boiling temperature when operating in the daytime can be kept low. Therefore, the controller 11 does not correct the predicted boiling temperature. The process proceeds to step S21.

  In step S <b> 21, the controller 11 performs a boiling operation so that the hot water storage tank 35 can be filled with hot water having the calculated predicted boiling temperature. This boiling operation is performed at 7:00 am so that the hot water storage tank 35 is filled with hot water at the boiling temperature at around 7:00 am, which is the end of the late-night electricity rate setting time zone. An earlier boiling operation start time is determined. Specifically, the values detected by the hot water temperature detection sensor 36 and the feed water temperature sensor 71T so that the hot water at the predicted boiling temperature can be filled at about 7 o'clock just to fill the hot water storage tank 35, The start time is determined based on the capacity of the hot water storage tank 35 (180 liters) and the capacity of the heat pump unit 2. The controller 11 can start the boiling operation at the predetermined start time with the predicted boiling temperature as a target value, and fills the hot water storage tank 35 with hot water using a relatively inexpensive late-night electricity charge. Can do.

  In step S22, the controller 11 compares the latest value of the predicted amount of hot water supply for the day calculated in step S12 with the amount of heat held in the hot water storage tank 35 boiled at 7:00. Thus, it is determined whether or not the predicted amount of hot water supply per day is sufficient. If not enough, the process proceeds to step S24. If it is sufficient, the process proceeds to step S23.

  In step S23, the controller 11 determines that the estimated amount of hot water supply for the day is sufficient, so the controller 11 compares it with midnight power based on the relationship between the time zone stored in the memory 12 and the electricity rate setting. During the daytime hours when the electricity rate is set relatively high, the daytime heating operation is not performed.

  In step S24, the controller 11 determines that the predicted amount of hot water supply for the day is not sufficient, and thus operates the hot water storage type hot water supply device 1 so as to ensure a shortage of residual heat during the daytime. That is, the operation for securing the obtained amount of heat by subtracting the amount of heat held in the hot water storage tank 35 boiled at 7:00 from the latest value of the predicted amount of hot water supply for the day calculated in step S12. I do.

  In FIG. 7, a time chart is shown about the example of transition of the amount of remaining hot water of a day, and the example of the timing of boiling operation in the daytime.

  As described above, since the controller 11 performs control so that the boiling operation is started at the boiling operation start time that is between 5 am and 7 am, the inside of the hot water storage tank 35 at 7 am However, it is the state filled with the hot water of the predicted boiling temperature defined as the target value.

  In addition, the controller 11 is changing here the starting residual hot water amount conditions for starting the boiling operation in the day for every time slot | zone in one day. Further, after starting the daytime boiling operation, the controller 11 detects the sixth hot water amount detection temperature in the hot water storage tank 35 so that the temperature in the hot water storage tank 35 does not rise too much or wasteful boiling is not performed. When a predetermined temperature is detected by the sensor T6, the daytime boiling operation is temporarily stopped. As a result, the shortage of the predicted amount of hot water supply for the day is increased by dividing it into one or more times, so that it is possible to cope with the hot water supply load even if the hot water storage tank 35 has a small capacity, and is unnecessary. The heat dissipation loss due to increasing the temperature is reduced.

  Specifically, for example, between 7 o'clock and 10 o'clock, when the fourth hot water detection temperature sensor T4 detects a temperature equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the daytime boiling operation is started. As a result, even if the hot water supply load is concentrated during the morning hours, the hot water can be started from a stage where the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 35 has a relatively large margin, thus preventing hot water from running out. Can do. During the period from 10:00 to 17:00, the daytime boiling operation is started when the first hot water detection temperature sensor T1 detects a temperature equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. As a result, it is possible to avoid as much as possible an increase in boiling in a time zone in which the electricity rate setting is relatively high during the daytime. During the period from 17:00 to 23:00, the daytime boiling operation is started when the fourth hot water detection temperature sensor T4 detects a temperature equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature. Thereby, it becomes easy to cope with the hot water supply load that tends to concentrate after the user returns home, and it is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of hot water shortage. From 23:00 to 7:00 before the next day, when the first hot water amount detection temperature sensor T1 detects a temperature equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the daytime boiling operation is started. Thereby, by suppressing unnecessary boiling increase in the time zone when the hot water supply load is low at night and preventing the heat quantity of the hot water storage tank 35 from being increased excessively, the heat dissipation loss that occurs while the hot water at night is not used is kept small. be able to. The term “hot water out” here means a state in which the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank 35 is substantially uniform at the temperature detected by the water supply temperature sensor 71T.

  As described above, the hot water history control for preparing hot water in the hot water storage tank 35 while predicting the hot water supply load for one day is repeated every day while updating the history at 5 o'clock every day.

<Features of First Embodiment>
In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment, when preparing a hot water supply amount necessary for one day with reference to a past history, boiling is performed during a midnight power rate setting time period when the electricity rate is relatively low. You can drive up. For this reason, the electricity bill can be suppressed at a low cost while accommodating the future hot water supply load.

  In addition, since it is heated at the end of the late-night electricity rate setting time zone, it is possible to shorten the time until the user uses hot water after getting up. For this reason, the heat dissipation loss from the hot water storage tank 35 during this period can be kept small.

  Furthermore, in the heat pump system 1 of the first embodiment, the boiling temperature is determined based on the presence or absence of past hot water history. That is, if there is a history of hot water being poured recently, it can be predicted that there will be a large hot water supply load during the day, and hot water can be prepared so as to cope with the load of hot water operation. In addition, when there is no history of hot water being used recently, it is possible to predict that there will be no large hot water supply load during the day, and to keep the boiling temperature low and avoid unnecessary boiling. it can. Thereby, a heat dissipation loss can be suppressed small and the operating efficiency of the heat pump unit 2 can be raised.

<Modification of First Embodiment>
(A)
In the first embodiment, the case where the presence / absence of hot water is determined is described based on an example in which the determination is based on the history data stored in the memory 12 indicating whether or not the hot water button 59a is pressed.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the controller 11 determines that the state in which hot water supply is continuously performed for a predetermined time is continued and stored in the memory 12. Also good. For example, when the controller 11 grasps the opening state of the hot water supply mixing valve 77, it is determined whether or not the hot water supply is continuously performed for a predetermined time or more, and it is determined that the hot water supply has been performed over the predetermined time. In such a case, the controller 11 may store in the memory 12 that a large amount of hot water supply load has occurred. Then, instead of the history data on whether or not the hot water button 59a in the first embodiment has been pressed, the controller 11 uses the history data on whether or not a large amount of hot water supply load has occurred, and the controller 11 determines whether or not there is a hot water. May be determined.

  Here, for example, whether or not the hot water supply is continuously performed is determined by the controller 11 grasping a change in temperature detected by the first hot water amount detection temperature sensor T1 to the sixth hot water amount detection temperature sensor T6. You may make it carry out.

(B)
In the first embodiment, as an example of the transition of the amount of remaining hot water for a day, an example of the timing of daytime boiling operation has been described.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the daytime boiling operation timing is detected by the first hot water amount detection temperature sensor T1 to the sixth hot water amount detection temperature sensor T6 set for each time period. When determining based on the temperature, the temperatures detected by the first hot water amount detection temperature sensor T1 to the sixth hot water amount detection temperature sensor T6 as conditions for starting the daytime boiling operation are stored in the memory 12. It may be determined based on past history data. For example, when the controller 11 can grasp that the boiling operation in the daytime is frequently performed between 10:00 and 17:00 based on recent past history data, the time between 10:00 and 17:00 Even if it correct | amends so that the temperature which the 1st hot water detection temperature sensor T1-the 6th hot water detection temperature sensor T6 as a striped house for starting the boiling-up operation in the day may become higher temperature Good. Thereby, in the time zone in which the daytime boiling operation is frequently performed, the daytime boiling operation can be started before the hot water in the hot water storage tank 35 runs out, and the hot water runs out. It can be avoided more reliably.

(C)
In the said 1st Embodiment, the bath 59 was mentioned as an example as an example of the object which utilizes much calorie | heat amount of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 35, and demonstrated.

  However, the target that uses a large amount of heat of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 35 is not limited to the bath 59, and may be a shower supply port, a radiator disposed in a space to be heated, or the like. In this case, the determination regarding whether or not the hot water button 59a performed in the first embodiment is made, for example, whether the continuous use time of the shower or the continuous use time of the radiator exceeds a predetermined time. You may make it make the judgment regarding NO.

<Second Embodiment>
About the structure of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 of 2nd Embodiment, since it is the same as that of the said 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 of the second embodiment, load prediction control is performed instead of the hot water beam history control in the first embodiment.

  In addition, in the hot water storage type hot water supply device 1 of the second embodiment, the hot water storage tank 35 is changed from the state where the hot water storage tank 35 is filled with 20 ° C. water to the state where it is filled with 85 ° C. hot water. The shortest boiling time, which is the minimum time among the times when the boiling operation needs to be continued, is 2 hours. This minimum boiling time is the internal capacity (here, 180 liters) in the hot water storage tank 35, the feed water temperature detected by the feed water temperature sensor 71T, the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 23T, and the compression of the heat pump unit 2. This is a system-specific value of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 determined by the maximum drive frequency of the machine 21.

<Load prediction control>
The hot water storage tank 35 included in the hot water storage unit 3 of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 has an internal capacity of 180 liters and is smaller than a conventional tank. Thereby, the hot water storage unit 3 can be reduced in size. However, since the internal capacity of the hot water storage tank 35 is smaller than that of the conventional one, when the hot water supply load increases intensively, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 35 is easily lost. For this reason, in this hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1, load prediction control is performed in order to provide the amount of hot water desired by the user at the timing desired by the user while keeping the energy consumption as small as possible. In the state where hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 35, although the heat dissipation loss is kept small by covering the periphery with the heat insulating portion 38, the heat dissipation loss slightly occurs. For this reason, the timing at which hot water is prepared in the hot water storage tank 35 is determined by the controller 11 so as to be close to the timing at which hot water is expected to be used in order to shorten the time interval in which this heat loss occurs. It is adjusted in the load prediction control.

  FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of the operation control of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 when the load prediction control is performed.

  In the load prediction control, the following steps S23 and S24 are performed instead of the above steps S13 to S15.

  In step S <b> 23, the controller 11 predicts the load concentrated heat amount based on the past concentrated load history data stored in the memory 12.

  Specifically, the past load concentration history data as shown in FIG. 9 is stored in the memory 12 for at least the last seven days (first period), and the controller 11 refers to this. Process. The last 7 days here means that the time when the controller 11 is going to perform processing is the reference time point (the reference time point that is the end time of the first period) as the end time of the last 7 days. Load prediction control is performed using historical data that is data older than the reference time. Then, the controller 11 reads, from the memory 12, the load concentration heat amount for 2 hours (second period) in which the load is concentrated most on each day (third period) of the latest seven days. In addition, these 2 hours are set as the same time length as the shortest boiling time. Here, the load means that the amount of heat that the water in the hot water storage tank 35 has decreases. Further, in each of the recent seven days, the two hours when the load is concentrated are the two hours in which the amount of heat decreased in the hot water storage tank 35 is the largest in the day. Here, the load can be measured by the controller 11 as a change in temperature detected by the hot water temperature detection sensor 36, T1 to T6. Then, the controller 11 calculates the weighted average value by applying a weight to the load concentration heat quantity on the previous day and the week before that the user's life pattern is expected to be similar. For example, the weighted average value can be specified as follows.

  (7000 × 1.2 + 8000 × 0.8 + 6000 × 1.0 + 8000 × 1.0 + 4000 × 1.0 + 3000 × 0.8 + 5000 × 1.2) / 7 = 5586 kcal

  Here, the weighted average value obtained in this way is handled as a predicted value of the load concentration heat quantity.

  In step S24, the controller 11 determines that the feed water temperature sensor 71T has a value obtained by dividing the difference between the predicted value of the load concentrated heat quantity obtained in step S23 and the shortest boiling heat quantity by 180 liters as the tank capacity. The value obtained by adding the temperature to be detected is calculated as the boiling temperature. The shortest boiling amount of heat here is the amount of heat that can be stored in the hot water storage tank 35 during the operation in which the output of the hot water storage type hot water supply device 1 is maximized within 2 hours that is the shortest boiling time. .

  Other processes are the same as the hot water history control in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 of the first embodiment.

<Features of Second Embodiment>
In a conventional hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus, when a shortage occurs in hot water in a hot water storage tank, a boiling operation is performed so that the hot water storage tank is filled with hot water having a predetermined constant temperature (for example, 85 ° C.). For this reason, a heat dissipation loss occurs in the time from boiling to the use of hot water, such as a situation where hot water is not used for a while after boiling, and this heat dissipation loss may be large.

  On the other hand, in the load predictive control of the second embodiment, the boiling operation is not performed at a constant temperature as in the prior art, but a minimum amount of hot water is ensured in a range that can handle intensive loads. Thus, the target boiling temperature in the hot water storage tank 35 can be lowered. For this reason, the energy-saving effect can be acquired.

  In addition, the load predictive control of the second embodiment not only has the effects of the first embodiment described above, but also boils after predicting the amount of concentrated load with reference to past load concentration history data. Raised temperature is determined. For this reason, even if a load equivalent to a concentrated load generated in the past may occur intensively, the load can be handled while keeping the temperature of the water in the hot water storage tank 35 as low as possible. That is, even if a load equivalent to the past intensive load is generated again, the amount of heat stored in the water in the hot water storage tank 35 and the heat pump unit 2 is driven while the intensive load is generated again. Therefore, it is possible to cope with the hot water supply load without causing hot water to run out due to the amount of heat that can be dealt with simultaneously.

  Here, in the load prediction control of the second embodiment, it is possible to cope with a concentrated load similar to a concentrated load that has occurred in the past, and for two hours (shortest) during the concentrated load. The amount of heat that can be secured by the operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 during the same time length as the boiling time) is deleted, and the boiling temperature of hot water prepared in advance is calculated. This boiling temperature is a hot water storage tank in advance for the amount of heat that can be secured by the operation of the hot water storage type hot water supply device 1 for 2 hours (the same length of time as the shortest boiling time) during the intensive load. Compared to the boiling temperature in the case of keeping in 35, the temperature can be lower. Thus, the amount of heat radiation loss from the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 35 can be suppressed until a intensive load occurs or when no intensive load occurs. Moreover, since the boiling temperature of the hot water storage tank 35 can be lowered, the driving power in the heat pump unit 2 can be kept small, and the operating efficiency of the heat pump unit 2 can be improved.

  In this case, since attention is focused on a concentrated load for 2 hours, a hot water supply load such as a shower of a plurality of people immediately after a large hot water supply load such as a bath 59 being used by a user occurs continuously. Even in this case, these loads can be captured as a group load. As a result, it is possible to perform load prediction control that can cope with these loads.

<Modification of Second Embodiment>
(A)
In the said 2nd Embodiment, in the load prediction control, the case where the value calculated | required as a weighted average about the past every day was used as an example of the predicted value of load concentration calorie | heat amount was demonstrated as an example.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the most concentrated load of the last seven days is specified for two hours, and the hot water supply load generated during the two hours is determined as the load concentrated heat amount. It may be used as a predicted value.

  Moreover, it is good also considering the simple average value of the load concentrated heat amount for every past day as a predicted value of load concentrated heat amount.

(B)
In the said 2nd Embodiment, when calculating boiling temperature in step S24 of load prediction control, it demonstrated as an example the case where the shortest heating-up calorie | heat amount is reduced.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this, and, for example, a part of the most boiling upper heat amount may be determined in advance, and a part thereof may be reduced. Even in this case, an energy saving effect can be obtained by the reduced amount.

(C)
In the said 2nd Embodiment, in order to make the shortest boiling time into the state from which the inside of the hot water storage tank 35 was filled with 20 degreeC water to the state filled with 85 degreeC hot water, the boiling of the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 1 is carried out. The case where the minimum time of the time required to continue the raising operation is described as an example.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, it is not determined in advance as 20 ° C., and the shortest boiling time is the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 23T when performing the process of step S24. In order to change from the state where the hot water storage tank 35 is filled with water having the temperature detected by the feed water temperature sensor T71 when performing the process of step S24 to the state where the hot water storage tank 35 is filled with hot water at 85 ° C. It is good also as the minimum time among the time which needs to continue the boiling operation of the hot water supply apparatus 1. FIG. The determination of the load concentrated heat amount may also be performed as the heat amount of the load concentrated during the time corresponding to the shortest boiling time obtained in this way.

(D)
In the said 2nd Embodiment, the amount of heat which can be stored in the hot water storage tank 35 by the operation | movement in the state which maximized the output of the hot water storage type hot-water supply apparatus 1 in 2 hours which are the shortest boiling time in the said 2nd embodiment. The case where it is defined as an example has been described.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the value of the shortest boiling heat amount is not fixed, but the shortest boiling heat amount is concentrated in the past hot water supply load stored in the memory 12, for example. It is good also as a value obtained by calculating based on the occurrence frequency of a heavy load. Here, when the frequency of intensive loads is low, it is possible to cope with intensive loads that occur infrequently while keeping the boiling temperature low by setting the shortest boiling heat quantity to be large. It becomes like this. On the other hand, when the frequency of concentrated loads is high, the boiling temperature will be slightly higher by setting the minimum boiling heat to be small. There is no need to consume energy.

  Similarly, for the shortest boiling time, a time obtained by calculation based on the past concentrated load history stored in the memory 12 may be determined.

(E)
In the second embodiment, the case where the time unit of the intensive load is 2 hours has been described as an example.

  However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the historical data for the past seven days satisfies the condition that the hot water supply load amount / hour becomes a large value, and more than a predetermined time (for example, 1 hour). A history satisfying a condition that continues for a long time may be specified. Processing may be performed using the time length of the history thus identified instead of 2 hours in the second embodiment. By eliminating the history less than the predetermined time, it is possible to eliminate the history of intensive loads for a time as short as several minutes or the like, and it is possible to specify a collective intensive load.

  As described above, the present invention makes it possible to reduce the amount of energy necessary to avoid the occurrence of hot water even when the hot water storage tank is downsized. This is particularly useful in the hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot water storage type hot water supply apparatus 2 Heat pump unit 3 Hot water storage unit 11 Controller (control part)
12 Memory 20 Refrigerant circuit (heat pump cycle)
35 Hot water storage tank 36 Hot water temperature detection sensor (heat quantity detection unit)
38 Heat insulation part (heat insulation member)
59 Bath 59a Hot water button (hot water switch)
71 Water supply pipe 71T Water supply temperature sensor 73 Hot water supply pipe

JP 2007-271119 A

Claims (22)

A hot water storage water heater (1) for storing heated water before use,
A hot water storage tank (35),
A heat pump unit (2) having a heat pump cycle (20) for increasing the amount of water in the hot water storage tank (35);
A calorific value detection unit (36, T1 to T6) for detecting a calorific value of water in the hot water storage tank (35) and / or a physical quantity related to the calorific value and / or a change in the calorific value or a change in the physical quantity related to the calorific value;
A memory (12) for storing a history of values detected by the heat quantity detector (36, T1 to T6);
A first period that is a predetermined first time period and a second time period that is shorter than the first time period in the first period and the end time point The load correspondence control for controlling the heat pump unit (2) so that the heat quantity of the water in the hot water storage tank (35) becomes a target heat quantity value using the second period in which the temperature is arbitrary is set to the end point of the first period. A control unit (11) to be performed after the reference time point,
With
The control unit (11) specifies a predicted load amount based on a reduced heat amount of water in the hot water storage tank (35) in any past second period, and determines the target heat amount value based on the predicted load amount. Define
Hot water storage type hot water supply device (1). When the control unit (11) performs the load corresponding control, the heat amount of the water in the hot water storage tank (35) is equivalent to the predicted load amount within the second time length. Even if it may decrease, the amount of heat in the hot water storage tank (35) in the state where the water in the hot water storage tank (35) is substantially uniform at the water temperature at room temperature or a predetermined amount of heat is greater. The target calorific value is determined as the calorie that can maintain the state in which water remains in the hot water storage tank (35).
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to claim 1. The second time length is a minimum value of the time required to store the second predetermined amount of heat in the hot water storage tank (35) using the heat pump unit (2).
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to claim 2. The second time length is a minimum value of time required for the operation of the heat pump unit (2) when normal temperature water filling the hot water storage tank (35) is raised to a predetermined temperature of 65 ° C. or higher.
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to claim 2. The predicted load amount is a maximum reduced heat amount in a reduced heat amount of water in the hot water storage tank (35) in an arbitrary second period.
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The predicted load amount is an average value of a reduced heat amount of water in the hot water storage tank (35) in an arbitrary second period.
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The predicted load amount is an average value of values obtained by weighting the reduced heat amount of water in the hot water storage tank (35) in an arbitrary second period based on the history stored in the memory (12). is there,
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4. In the load-adaptive control, the control unit (11) sets the maximum amount of heat that can be stored in the hot water storage tank (35) during the second period within the range of the capacity of the heat pump unit (2). The amount of heat obtained by subtracting from the predicted load amount is stored in the hot water storage tank (35).
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7. In the load corresponding control, the control unit (11) is configured so that the water in the hot water storage tank (35) is approximately equal to the water temperature at room temperature immediately after being reduced by the predicted load amount within the second time length. The target is set so that the minimum amount of heat required to ensure the amount of heat in the hot water storage tank (35) or the predetermined amount of heat in the uniform state remains in the hot water storage tank (35). Determine the calorific value,
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 4. The controller (11) repeatedly counts a third period that is a period of a third time length that is longer than the second time length and shorter than the first time length from the reference time point. , Performing the load handling control by updating the first period so that the end point of the third period becomes the new reference time point,
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The third time length is one day;
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to claim 10. The controller (11) controls the heat pump unit (2) by electricity,
When the electricity usage fee varies according to the usage time zone during the third period, the control unit (11) can finish the load handling control in the time zone where the usage fee is the lowest, Determining a start point of the load handling control;
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to claim 10 or 11. The control unit (11) determines the start time of the load handling control so that the last time of the time zone with the lowest usage fee and the time when the load handling control ends can be made substantially simultaneously.
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to claim 12. The control unit (11) obtains a third average heat amount that is an average value of a reduced heat amount of water in the hot water storage tank (35) for each of the third periods in the first period, and the third average heat amount is In a case where it is larger than the predicted load amount, the remaining heat amount obtained by subtracting the predicted load amount from the third average heat amount is ensured until the third time length elapses from the reference time point. The third difference securing control for controlling the heat pump unit (2) is performed.
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 10 to 13. The control unit (11) starts the third difference securing control when a detection value of the heat quantity detection unit (36, T1 to T6) becomes a predetermined value or less.
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to claim 14. The control unit (11) determines a time point at which the third difference securing control is performed based on a history stored in the memory (23).
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to claim 14. A hot water storage water heater (1) for storing heated water before use,
A hot water storage tank (35),
A heat pump unit (2) having a heat pump cycle (20) for increasing the amount of water in the hot water storage tank (35);
A hot water supply pipe (73) for guiding the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank (35) to the hot water use section (59);
A memory (12) for storing a history of calorific value of water passing through the hot water supply pipe (73) or a history of physical quantity related to the calorific value;
A control unit (11) that changes a target calorific value of the water in the hot water storage tank (35) according to a history of calorific value of water passing through the hot water supply pipe (73) or a history of physical quantity related to the calorific value;
Hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) provided with. A hot water storage water heater (1) for storing heated water before use,
A hot water storage tank (35),
A heat pump unit (2) having a heat pump cycle (20) for increasing the amount of water in the hot water storage tank (35);
A hot water switch (59a) for receiving a signal for supplying a predetermined amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank (35) to the bath (59);
A memory (12) for storing history information regarding whether or not the hot water switch (59a) has received the signal;
A controller (11) that changes a target heat value of water in the hot water storage tank (35) according to the presence or absence of history information regarding whether or not the hot water switch (59a) has received the signal;
Hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) provided with. A water supply pipe (71) for supplying water to the hot water storage tank (35);
A water supply temperature sensor (71T) for detecting the temperature of water passing through the water supply pipe (71);
Further comprising
Even when the control unit (11) determines a target heat value of the water in the hot water storage tank (35), the temperature detected by the feed water temperature sensor (71T) is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature or a predetermined temperature change. When the above temperature drop has occurred, the control unit (11) performs control to increase the target heat value of the water in the determined hot water storage tank (35).
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 18. The controller (11) performs heating operation control to increase the amount of water in the hot water storage tank (35) when the amount of heat in the hot water storage tank (35) becomes a predetermined value or less,
The memory (12) stores data relating to the history of the heating operation control,
Even when the control unit (11) determines the target heat value of water in the hot water storage tank (35), the memory (12) has been subjected to the boiling operation control within the past predetermined period. When the data regarding is stored, the control unit (11) performs control to increase the target calorific value of the water in the determined hot water storage tank (35).
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 18. A heat insulating member (38) disposed outside the hot water storage tank (35);
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 20. The hot water storage tank (35) has an internal volume of 200 liters or less,
The instantaneous maximum heating capacity of the heat pump unit (2) is 4.5 kW or more,
The hot water storage type hot water supply device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

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