JP2010200895A - Sphygmomanometer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure a blood pressure value with a simple structure with a high degree of accuracy. <P>SOLUTION: A sphygmomanometer 10a includes an arm band 12a and a body 16a. The arm band 12a includes a cylindrical housing 30, an airbag 32 provided inside the housing 30 for compressing an upper arm of a subject inserted in the inside, and a microphone 34. The microphone 34 is provided on the airbag 32 and detects oscillations by pressing the airbag against the upper arm of the subject while the airbag is pressurized by a pressurizing means 18. The body 16a includes the pressurizing means 18, a Korotkoff (K) sound filter 62 for taking out a sound component from signals measured by the microphone 34, a pulse wave filter 64 for taking out a pulse wave component, a Korotkoff part 74 for acquiring the blood pressure value by a Korotkoff method based on the sound component acquired through the K sound filter 62, and an oscillometric part 76 for acquiring the blood pressure value by an oscillometric method based on the pulse wave component acquired through the pulse wave filter 64. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention includes a cylindrical housing, an air bag that is provided in the housing and presses the upper arm of the person to be measured, and a pressurizing unit that supplies and exhausts air to and from the air bag. It has a sphygmomanometer.

  Home blood pressure monitors are becoming popular so that blood pressure can be measured on a daily basis for health management. It is desirable that a home sphygmomanometer not only accurately measures blood pressure but also has a simple operation method, is inexpensive, and is compact.

  An arm-in sphygmomanometer (for example, Patent Document 1) is suitable for home use because blood pressure can be automatically measured simply by inserting the upper arm and operating a predetermined button.

  There are mainly Korotkoff method and oscillometric method for blood pressure measurement methods in sphygmomanometers. In the Korotkoff method, a sensor for detecting Korotkoff sound (hereinafter also referred to as K sound) is provided in the air bag, and blood pressure values (maximum blood pressure and minimum blood pressure) are obtained based on the pressure state of the air bag and the generation and disappearance of the K sound. . The Korotkoff method is characterized by the fact that the blood pressure value can be obtained with high accuracy and the K sound is detected by bringing the sensor into close contact with the upper arm, so there is no influence of the capacity of the air bag. Affected by.

  In the oscillometric method, the blood pressure value is obtained based on the pressure state of the air bag and the fluctuation state of the arterial wave of the air bag. The oscillometric method is characterized by the fact that the sensor can be placed anywhere as long as it communicates with the air bag and is less affected by ambient noise and vibrations. Fluctuation is less likely to occur and the measurement error increases. That is, the Korotkoff method and the oscillometric method each have advantages and disadvantages.

  The sphygmomanometer described in Patent Document 2 is an oscillometric sphygmomanometer that detects pulse sounds generated upstream of the cuff in addition to the K sound generated downstream of the cuff. It is disclosed that each signal is supplied to a control unit through a bandpass filter.

  The sphygmomanometer described in Patent Document 3 uses both the Korotkoff method and the oscillometric method, and supplies a signal of a microphone for detecting a K sound to a control unit through a band-pass filter, and a pulse of an air bag. It is disclosed that a signal from a pressure sensor that detects wave vibration is supplied to a control unit.

Japanese Patent No. 4186839 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-14721 Japanese Patent No. 2551668

  For arm-in sphygmomanometers (ie, methods that do not require air bags to be wrapped around the upper arm to measure blood pressure), the cylindrical housing is set to a reasonably large diameter so that it can be measured even with a thick upper arm Has been. On the other hand, the internal air bag is configured to be sufficiently inflated toward the inner diameter side so that measurement can be performed even for a thin upper arm.

  However, in order to enable sufficient expansion in this way, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the air bag, and the oscillometric method decreases the measurement accuracy.

  The arm-in type sphygmomanometer described in Patent Document 1 is an oscillometric method, and is provided with a winding mechanism that winds a spiral air bag to reduce the capacity of the air bag. Although the value is considered to be required, the presence of the winding mechanism inevitably increases the complexity, size and price of the product.

  The blood pressure monitors described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 can also obtain blood pressure values with a certain degree of accuracy by using a plurality of sensors. However, it is possible to completely eliminate the disadvantages of the Korotkoff method and the oscillometric method described above. Have difficulty.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a sphygmomanometer that can measure a blood pressure value with high accuracy while having a simple configuration.

  A sphygmomanometer according to the present invention includes a cylindrical housing into which an upper arm of a person to be measured is inserted, and an arm band that is provided in the housing and includes an air bag that compresses the upper arm of the person to be measured inserted therein. And a pressurizing means for supplying air to the air bag; and an inner peripheral surface of the air bag, wherein vibration is detected in a state where the upper arm of the person to be measured is pressed by the air bag. A first filter that extracts a sound component in a predetermined frequency range from a signal measured by the sensor; a second filter that extracts a pulse wave component in a predetermined frequency range from the signal measured by the sensor; and the first filter A first calculation unit that obtains a blood pressure value by the Korotkoff method based on the sound component obtained through the second filter, and a blood pressure value by the oscillometric method based on the pulse wave component obtained through the second filter And having a second arithmetic unit for determining.

  Such a sphygmomanometer can measure blood pressure values with high accuracy while having a simple configuration. The cylindrical shape here may be a shape having a hole part into which the upper arm can be inserted, and includes, for example, a shape on which a table can be placed.

  A determination unit that determines whether the blood pressure value obtained by the first calculation unit and the second calculation unit is appropriate; and a display unit that displays the blood pressure value obtained by the first calculation unit and the second calculation unit. And when the determination unit determines that the Korotkoff blood pressure value by the first calculation unit is normal, displays the blood pressure value obtained by the first calculation unit on the display unit, Otherwise, when it is determined that the oscillometric blood pressure value by the second calculation unit is normal, the blood pressure value obtained by the second calculation unit may be displayed on the display unit. Thereby, the blood pressure values obtained by the first calculation unit and the second calculation unit can be used complementarily.

  The sensor may be a piezoelectric sensor.

  The band pass frequency of the first filter may be a frequency including 40 Hz to 60 Hz, and the band pass frequency of the second filter may include 0.5 Hz to 20 Hz.

  A sphygmomanometer according to the present invention includes a cylindrical housing into which an upper arm of a person to be measured is inserted, and an arm band that is provided in the housing and includes an air bag that compresses the upper arm of the person to be measured inserted therein. And a pressurizing means for supplying air to the air bag; and an inner peripheral surface of the air bag, wherein vibration is detected in a state where the upper arm of the person to be measured is pressed by the air bag. A sensor, a filter that extracts a pulse wave component in a predetermined frequency range from a signal measured by the sensor, and an arithmetic unit that obtains a blood pressure value by an oscillometric method based on the pulse wave component obtained through the filter. Features.

  Such a sphygmomanometer is not affected by noise. Further, since the sensor is pressed against the upper arm of the measurement subject, the pulse wave is detected regardless of the capacity of the air bag.

  The band pass frequency of the filter may include 0.5 Hz to 20 Hz.

  According to the sphygmomanometer according to the present invention, the blood pressure value is obtained by the Korotkoff method and the oscillometric method, so that high-accuracy measurement can be made by compensating for the disadvantages of both. Since the sensor is shared by the first arithmetic unit using the Korotkoff method and the second arithmetic unit using the oscillometric method, the sensor has a simple configuration that does not increase the number of parts. The sensor detects vibration by being pressed against the upper arm of the measurement subject while being pressurized by the pressurizing means, and further, the pulse wave component is extracted by the second filter. The oscillometric method can be realized without receiving it. Since there is no influence of the capacity of the air bag, the air bag take-up mechanism is unnecessary, and the armband is lightweight and has a simple configuration.

It is a perspective view of the sphygmomanometer according to the first embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view of the arm band in 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the air bag of the developed state. It is a disassembled perspective view of the air bag of the expand | deployed state. It is a partially-omission perspective view which shows arrangement | positioning of the components in the armband in 1st Embodiment. It is a front view of an arm band in a 1st embodiment. It is a block block diagram of the main body in 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows a mode that a blood pressure is measured with the blood pressure meter which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of blood-pressure measurement. It is a block block diagram of the main body in 2nd Embodiment. It is a partially-omission perspective view which shows arrangement | positioning of the components in the armband in 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, the blood pressure monitor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the sphygmomanometer 10 a according to the first embodiment is a so-called arm-in type, and an arm band (also called a cuff or a manchette) 12 a into which the upper arm of the measurement subject is inserted, and a tube 14. The main body 16a connected to the arm band 12a and placed on a table or the like. The arm band 12a is freely movable within the length of the tube 14, and the measurement subject can measure blood pressure in any relaxed posture. The sphygmomanometer 10a is driven by a commercial AC power supply or a battery (including a secondary battery).

  The main body 16a includes a pressurizing unit 18 that supplies and exhausts air to and from the arm band 12a, a control unit 20 that measures the blood pressure of the measurement subject, and a display unit 22 that displays the blood pressure obtained by the control unit 20. And an operation button 24. The pressurizing means 18 includes a pressurizing pump 18a, an exhaust valve 18b, a pressure sensor 18c, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the armband 12a is a cylindrical and rigid housing 30, and an air bag (also called an air bag or a bladder) that is provided in the housing 30 and presses the upper arm of the measurement subject inserted therein. 32), two microphones (sensors) 34 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the air bag 32, a noise sensor 35, and a flexible cloth cover 36 that covers the air bag 32 so as not to be exposed. The cloth cover 36 is formed of a stretch material that can expand and contract in the axial direction and the circumferential direction. The microphone 34 detects vibration (including Korotkoff sound (hereinafter referred to as K sound) and pulse wave) in a state where the upper arm of the measurement subject is compressed by the air bag 32, and supplies the signal to the control unit 20.

  The microphone 34 is a ceramic-type piezoelectric sensor, and is basically for detecting a K sound. However, due to its structure, a pulse wave generated on the body surface can be detected simultaneously.

  When noise other than blood flow (for example, ambient noise or vibration when touching the main body 16a) is detected with respect to the microphone 34, the noise sensor 35 can cancel the detection signal and accurately K sound can be detected from the measurement point of the upper arm.

  The housing 30 is provided with a handle 38 at the top so that the housing 30 is easy to hold and the vertical orientation is defined. The housing 30 has, for example, a weight of about 350 g, an outer diameter of about 140 mm, and an inner diameter of about 135 mm. Since the housing 30 is lightweight, it feels less uncomfortable when attached to the upper arm as compared to a wrist band wound around the upper arm. The housing 30 and the handle 38 are made of resin. The air bag 32 is connected to the pressurizing means 18 by the tube 14, is supplied and exhausted, and has an annular shape so as to press the upper arm of the measurement subject inserted therein. The air bag 32 is unfolded as shown in FIG. 3 before being incorporated into the housing 30 at the manufacturing stage.

  Hereinafter, regarding the description of the armband 12a and its components, the vertical direction in which the upper arm is inserted is defined as the X direction, and the direction along the circumference of the housing 30 is defined as the Y direction. When the person to be measured inserts the upper arm in the arm band 12a, the side close to the elbow is set to the X1 side, and the side close to the shoulder is set to the X2 side. In order to make it easier to understand the insertion direction of the upper arm of the armband 12a, for example, the X1 direction side may be slightly narrowed.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the air bag 32 includes a resin sheet 40, three sponges (cushion materials) 42, four X bell poles (reinforcing materials) 44 a, and one Y bell pole 44 b It has two pockets 46. The resin sheet 40 is a transparent urethane sheet having a width of about 120 mm and a length of about 420 mm, for example. The sponge 42 is, for example, a flexible urethane foam having a weight of about 0.8 g. The X bell pole 44a and the Y bell pole 44b are, for example, foamed polyethylene thin plates. The weight of the X bell pole 44a is about 2 g, for example, and the weight of the Y bell pole 44b is about 10 g, for example.

  The resin sheet 40 is folded in half along the Y-direction bend line 48 at the center, and the periphery is welded into a bag shape to form a base body of the air bag 32. The resin sheet 40 has a nozzle 50 provided at an end portion. The nozzle 50 is, for example, urethane vinyl chloride, and is connected to the tube 14. In the resin sheet 40, the inner peripheral portion (X1 side from the bent line 48 in FIG. 4) is the inner peripheral surface 40a, and the outer peripheral portion (X2 side from the bent line 48 in FIG. 4) is the outer peripheral surface. 40b. At the end of the inner peripheral surface 40a, a folding allowance 40c that is folded back with respect to the outer peripheral surface 40b is provided.

  The three sponges 42 each have an inclined surface 42a that is about 40 mm in the Y direction (width), about 65 mm in the X direction (length), about 25 mm in height, and becomes thinner in the X1 direction. A pocket 46 is disposed on the inside of the three sponges 42 where two sides are provided, and the microphone 34 is disposed on the inclined surface 42 a of the sponge 42. According to such an arrangement, the microphone 34 can be easily adhered to the upper arm by the sponge 42, and the K sound can be detected accurately. Further, by providing the sponge 42, a dead space in the air bag 32 is secured, the shape in the initial state is appropriately maintained, and the amount of air supplied to the air bag 32 can be reduced.

  FIG. 5 shows some parts of the armband 12a, and the outer housing 30 is shown in phantom lines and the air bag 32 and the cloth cover 36 are omitted so that the positional relationship between these parts can be easily understood. . Here, the two microphones 34 are arranged at symmetrical positions.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in the arm band 12a, the outer peripheral surface 40b of the air bag 32 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 30 (as described above, the inner diameter is about 135 mm) and does not spread further outward. The inner peripheral surface 40a of the air bag 32 is moved inward by being pressurized from the pressure pump 18a, and the diameter of the air bag 32 is reduced. When air is supplied to the air bag 32, the air bag 32 can be appropriately pressurized and expanded toward the inner diameter side to compress the periphery of the upper arm. This applied pressure is controlled based on a signal from the pressure sensor 18c (see FIG. 1).

  In the arm band 12a of the sphygmomanometer 10a, unlike the method in which the arm band is wound around the upper arm with a hook-and-loop fastener, it is not necessary to wrap the measurement band around the upper arm, and only the upper arm is inserted into the arm band 12a. On the other hand, since the thickness of the upper arm varies considerably depending on the person to be measured, the inflation amount of the air bag 32 for pressing the upper arm is sufficiently secured.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the control unit 20 is a part that integrally controls the entire sphygmomanometer 10 a, and is configured based on the CPU 60, and includes a K sound filter (first filter) 62, It has a pulse wave filter (second filter) 64, a noise sensor filter 65, an A / D converter 66, a pump driver 68, a valve driver 70, and a storage unit 72.

  The signals from the microphone 34 and the noise sensor 35 may be input to the K sound filter 62, the pulse wave filter 64, and the noise sensor filter 65 through an amplifier (not shown). The signal addition function (addition point in FIG. 7) of the two microphones 34 and the noise cancellation function by the noise sensor 35 and the noise detection unit 77 are performed by known means.

  The K sound filter 62 is a band-pass filter that extracts a sound component of an audible frequency from the signal measured by the microphone 34, and extracts a signal of 30 Hz to 120 Hz, more preferably 40 to 60 Hz so as to be suitable for extraction of the K sound. .

  The pulse wave filter 64 is a band-pass filter that extracts a pulse wave component that is a pressure fluctuation below the audible frequency from the signal measured by the microphone 34, and is more preferably 0.3 Hz to 30 Hz so as to be suitable for extraction of the pulse wave. Extracts a signal of 0.5 Hz to 20 Hz. The pass frequencies of the K sound filter 62 and the pulse wave filter 64 may be changed to some extent depending on design conditions.

  In the K sound filter 62 and the pulse wave filter 64, the cut-off frequency may be changed between when the maximum blood pressure is detected and when the minimum blood pressure is detected. The K sound filter 62 and the pulse wave filter 64 may be realized by any means such as an analog circuit, a digital circuit, and a software function.

  The noise sensor filter 65 has a cutoff frequency set so as to extract a noise component to be removed.

  The A / D converter 66 converts analog signals of the K sound filter 62, the pulse wave filter 64, and the pressure sensor 18c into digital values and supplies them to the CPU 60. Based on the required specifications such as the conversion speed, the A / D converter 66 may be divided into a signal for the K sound filter 62 and the pulse wave filter 64 and a signal for the pressure sensor 18c.

  The pump driver 68 and the valve driver 70 control the pressurizing pump 18a and the exhaust valve 18b under the action of the CPU 60.

  The memory | storage part 72 is a part which memorize | stores the program, variable, blood pressure measurement value, etc. of CPU60, and contains ROM, RAM, flash memory, etc.

  As a software processing unit, the CPU 60 uses a Korotkoff unit (first calculation unit) 74 for obtaining a blood pressure value by the Korotkoff method based on a sound component obtained through the K sound filter 62, and a pulse obtained through the pulse wave filter 64. Noise is removed from the K sound and the pulse wave component based on the noise component obtained through the oscillometric unit (second arithmetic unit) 76 for obtaining the blood pressure by the oscillometric method based on the wave component and the noise sensor filter 65. The noise detection unit 77, the sequence unit 78 that defines the operation procedure of blood pressure measurement, and the result determination unit 80 that evaluates the blood pressure value obtained by the Korotkoff unit 74 and the oscillometric unit 76.

  The Korotkoff unit 74 and the oscillometric unit 76 are shown in two parts for convenience of explanation, but in practice, some of the functions may overlap or may be provided as one program unit.

  The blood pressure measurement by the Korotkoff method will be schematically described. The air bag 32 is pressurized until the blood flow in the artery disappears while monitoring the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 18c. Next, the exhaust valve 18b is operated to reduce the pressure in the air bladder 32. Eventually, the blood flow in the artery is restarted and the K sound is generated by the microphone 34 and the K sound filter 62, and the pressure at this time is stored as the maximum blood pressure. Since the microphone 34 is provided at a symmetrical position, the K sound can be measured regardless of whether the measurement upper arm is the right hand or the left hand. When the signals from the two microphones 34 are handled as, for example, added values, the processing becomes easy. Of course, you may process as an individual signal. The noise of the signal from the microphone 34 is canceled by the noise sensor 35 and the noise detection unit 77, and the measurement accuracy is improved.

  If the pressure in the air bag 32 is further reduced at about 2 mmHg / sec, the K sound will eventually disappear, and the pressure at this time is stored as the minimum blood pressure.

  The measurement of blood pressure by the oscillometric method will be described schematically. Pressurization and decompression of the air bag 32 are performed in the same manner as in the Korotkoff method, and when the blood flow in the artery is resumed, the pulse wave amplitude rapidly increases. The pressure at this time is stored as the maximum blood pressure. As the pressure in the air bladder 32 is further reduced, the pulse wave amplitude further increases and reaches a peak. This pressure is the mean blood pressure. Thereafter, the pulse wave amplitude decreases, and at a certain pressure, the pulse wave amplitude rapidly decreases. The pressure at this time is stored as the minimum blood pressure. Pulse waves are less susceptible to noise because of their low frequency.

  The result determination unit 80 determines whether the blood pressure value obtained by the Korotkoff unit 74 is appropriate. If the blood pressure value is normal, the result determination unit 80 displays the value on the display unit 22 in units of mmHg or Pa. Display. Here, the term “normal” means that the signal state is appropriate, not as a health barometer. The suitability of the blood pressure value by the Korotkoff part 74 can be determined based on, for example, the value itself, the sound pressure level of the K sound, the magnitude of the noise, the sound generation interval (comparison with the heart rate that can be normally generated), and the like. Good. The blood pressure value obtained by the Korotkoff unit 74 may be displayed together with, for example, the letter “K”. The display unit 22 may display additional information such as a pulse and a pulse pressure.

  The result determining unit 80 determines whether the blood pressure value obtained by the oscillometric unit 76 is appropriate when the blood pressure value obtained by the Korotkoff unit 74 is not normal, and displays the blood pressure value on the display unit 22 if normal. . The suitability of the blood pressure value by the oscillometric unit 76 may be determined, for example, by checking whether the pulse is weak and the pulse wave cannot be recognized and the blood pressure cannot be determined. The blood pressure value obtained by the oscillometric unit 76 may be displayed together with, for example, the letter “O”. When any of the blood pressure values obtained by the Korotkoff unit 74 and the oscillometric unit 76 is not normal, a predetermined error is displayed.

  The sequence unit 78 controls the operation of each unit based on the operation of the operation button 24. In general, when a blood pressure measurement start operation is performed by the operation button 24, the pressure pump 18a is driven to pressurize the air bladder 32 to a predetermined pressure while monitoring the signal of the pressure sensor 18c. At this time, an automatic pressurization method may be used in which approximate systolic blood pressure is measured while detecting a pulse wave under the action of the oscillometric unit 76, and pressurization is terminated when the pressure is slightly higher than the systolic blood pressure. . Thereby, the pressurization force of the air bag 32 can be reduced, and measurement time can be shortened, energy consumption can be suppressed, and the burden on the subject can be reduced. The automatic pressurization method is difficult to be performed by the Korotkoff part 74 in consideration of the influence of noise, but can be appropriately performed by the oscillometric part 76 based on the pulse wave signal passed through the pulse wave filter 64.

  After the pressurization of the air bag 32 is completed, the sequence unit 78 opens the exhaust valve 18b by an appropriate amount to gradually depressurize the air bag 32, and instructs the Korotkoff unit 74 and the oscillometric unit 76 to measure blood pressure, respectively. The blood pressure measurement by the Korotkoff method and the oscillometric method is performed in parallel, and the highest blood pressure and the lowest blood pressure are obtained in this order. When the blood pressure measurement by the Korotkoff part 74 and the oscillometric part 76 is finished, or when the air bag 32 is lowered to the specified end pressure, the sequence part 78 opens the exhaust valve 18b fully to return the pressure of the air bag 32 to 0, The result judgment unit 80 is instructed to judge and display the measurement result.

  The sequence unit 78 monitors the operation of the operation button 24, and performs a predetermined process corresponding to a predetermined interruption operation during blood pressure measurement. Moreover, display control of a pulse value, a past measurement value, etc. is performed based on a predetermined operation. The sequence unit 78 controls the procedure shown in FIG.

  Next, the operation of the sphygmomanometer 10a configured as described above will be described. The person to be measured inserts the upper arm into the arm band 12a as shown in FIG. In the sphygmomanometer 10a, since the armband 12a has a separate structure from the main body 16a, the measurement subject can perform measurement in a relaxed posture without bending forward. Moreover, since the armband 12a is a small and light-weight structure that does not have the pressurizing pump 18a or the air bag take-up mechanism as in Patent Document 1, it does not impose a burden on the person to be measured and does not increase blood pressure. Blood pressure can be measured. The sphygmomanometer 10 a starts measuring blood pressure under the action of the control unit 20 based on the operation of the operation button 24. The control unit 20 measures blood pressure in parallel using the Korotkoff method and the oscillometric method.

  First, in step S1 of FIG. 9, the air bag 32 is inflated by supplying air to the air bag 32 under the action of the pressurizing pump 18a to compress the periphery of the upper arm.

  In step S <b> 2, the pulse wave generated in the air bag 32 is detected under the action of the pulse wave filter 64 and the oscillometric unit 76.

  In step S3, the end of pressurization is determined based on the magnitude of the pulse wave. When the pressurization is sufficiently performed, the arterial blood flow is lost, and the pulse wave is rapidly reduced, so that the pressurization is terminated (step S4). Accordingly, the measurement time can be shortened according to the individual difference of the person to be measured without applying excessively strong pressure. After the pulse wave is no longer detected, the pressurization may be continued by a predetermined amount with some allowance.

  In step S5, after the pressurization of the air bladder 32 is completed, the exhaust valve 18b is appropriately opened, and the air bladder 32 is gradually decompressed. In order to obtain a stable measurement state, the air bladder 32 is depressurized at a substantially constant speed.

  In step S <b> 6, the Korotkoff unit 74 detects the magnitude of the K sound that has passed through the K sound filter 62.

  In step S <b> 7, the oscillometric unit 76 detects the magnitude of the pulse wave that has passed through the pulse wave filter 64.

  In step S8, the Korotkoff unit 74 and the oscillometric unit 76 temporarily determine the systolic blood pressure values based on the occurrence of the K sound and the pulse wave, respectively. When the K sound and the pulse wave are not generated, the process returns to step S4.

  In step S9, the Korotkoff unit 74 and the oscillometric unit 76 temporarily determine a minimum blood pressure value based on the disappearance from the state where the K sound and the pulse wave are generated. When the K sound and the pulse wave do not disappear, the process returns to step S4.

  In step S10, the suitability of the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value according to the Korotkoff method (denoted as the K sound method in FIG. 9) temporarily obtained by the Korotkoff unit 74 and the result judging unit 80 in steps S8 and S9 is as described above. to decide. When the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value by the Korotkoff method are normal, the process proceeds to step S11, and when there is an abnormality, the process proceeds to step S12.

  In step S11, the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value according to the Korotkoff method are determined as blood pressure values for display, and predetermined display preparation processing (for example, parameter setting for displaying each blood pressure value and the letter “K”). do.

  On the other hand, in step S12, the suitability of the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value by the oscillometric method (referred to as OSC method in FIG. 9) tentatively obtained in steps S8 and S9 by the oscillometric unit 76 and the result judging unit 80. Is determined as described above. When the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value are normal, the process proceeds to step S13, and when there is an abnormality, the process proceeds to step S16.

  In step S13, the maximum blood pressure value and the minimum blood pressure value by the oscillometric method are determined as blood pressure values for display, and predetermined display preparation processing (for example, parameter setting for displaying each blood pressure value and the letter “O”) )do.

  After steps S11 and S13, in step S14, the exhaust valve 18b is fully opened to decompress the air bag 32 at a high speed.

  In step S15, the systolic blood pressure value and the diastolic blood pressure value determined in step S11 or S13 are displayed on the display unit 22.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S12 that there is an abnormality, the air bag 32 is exhausted in step S16, and then a predetermined error is displayed in step S17.

  As described above, in the sphygmomanometer 10a according to the present embodiment, the blood pressure value is obtained by the Korotkoff method and the oscillometric method, so that high-accuracy measurement can be made by compensating for the disadvantages of both. Since the microphone 34 is shared by the Korotkoff part 74 and the oscillometric part 76, it has a simple configuration in which the number of parts does not increase. The microphone 34 detects vibration by being pressed against the upper arm of the measurement subject while being pressurized by the pressurizing pump 18 a, and the pulse wave component is extracted by the pulse wave filter 64. The oscillometric method can be realized without being affected by the capacity of the system. Since there is no influence of the capacity of the air bag 32, a winding mechanism for the air bag 32 is unnecessary, and the armband is lightweight and has a simple configuration.

  In addition, the blood pressure value obtained by the Korotkoff part 74 and the oscillometric part 76 can be complementarily used by the result judging unit 80.

  Further, the pressurizing means 18, the control unit 20, and the display unit 22 are provided on a main body 16 a provided separately from the housing 30 via the tube 14. Therefore, the person to be measured can measure blood pressure in a free posture not restricted by the position of the main body 16a, the measurement accuracy is improved, and the armband 12a is lightweight and compact and easy to handle. Moreover, it is not necessary to wrap around an upper arm like a hook-and-loop type, and it is only necessary to insert the upper arm. Since the arm band 12a is separated from the table on which the main body 16a is placed, there is no influence of vibration of the table and the measurement accuracy is improved.

  The conventional table-mounted arm-in sphygmomanometer needs to have a high-strength configuration in order to take into account that the armband part is overweight when the upper arm is inserted, but the sphygmomanometer 10a has the armband 12a. However, it is not necessary to increase the strength of the armband 12a.

  In addition, the oscillometric sphygmomanometer needs to have a higher strength configuration in order to provide the air bag take-up mechanism, but the sphygmomanometer 10a does not require a take-up mechanism, and the armband 12a can be easily used. Can be configured.

  Next, a sphygmomanometer 10b according to the second embodiment will be described. Regarding the sphygmomanometer 10b, the same parts as those of the sphygmomanometer 10a are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the sphygmomanometer 10b includes an arm band 12b, a tube 14, and a main body 16b. The main body 16b has a configuration in which the K sound filter 62 and the Korotkoff part 74 are omitted from the main body 16a (see FIG. 7).

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the armband 12 b has one sensor 82. The sensor 82 is used to detect the pulse wave of the artery by being pressed against the measurement subject's upper arm while being pressurized by the pressurizing means 18, and may be the same as the microphone 34 described above. For example, when the sensor 82 is provided on the inclined surface 42a of the sponge 42 at a position where it contacts the upper surface of the upper arm, the sensor 82 is easily pressed against the upper arm. 11 is similar to FIG. 5, the outer housing 30 is indicated by phantom lines, and the air bag 32 and the cloth cover 36 are omitted.

  According to such a sphygmomanometer 10b, since it is basically an oscillometric method, blood pressure can be measured without the influence of noise. Since the sensor 82 is pressed against the upper arm of the person to be measured, the pulse wave is detected regardless of the capacity of the air bag 32. Therefore, the air bag take-up mechanism as in Patent Document 1 is unnecessary, and the armband 12b is small and lightweight. The sphygmomanometer 10b can also be diverted to the Korotkoff method.

  The sphygmomanometer according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that various configurations can be adopted without departing from the gist of the present invention.

10a, 10b ... sphygmomanometer 12a, 12b ... armband 14 ... tube 16a, 16b ... main body 18 ... pressurizing means 18a ... pressurizing pump 18b ... exhaust valve 18c ... pressure sensor 20 ... control unit 30 ... housing 32 ... air bag 34 ... Microphone (sensor)
42 ... Sponge 62 ... Filter for K sound (first filter)
64 ... Pulse wave filter (second filter) 74 ... Korotkoff section (first calculation section)
76 ... oscillometric part (second arithmetic part) 82 ... sensor

Claims (7)

A cylindrical housing into which the upper arm of the person to be measured is inserted, and an armband provided in the housing and provided with an air bag for compressing the upper arm of the person to be measured inserted therein;
Pressurizing means for supplying air to the air bag;
A sensor that is provided on an inner peripheral surface of the air bag and detects vibration in a state where the upper arm of the person to be measured is pressed by the air bag;
A first filter for extracting a sound component in a predetermined frequency range from the signal measured by the sensor;
A second filter for extracting a pulse wave component in a predetermined frequency range from the signal measured by the sensor;
A first calculation unit for obtaining a blood pressure value by the Korotkoff method based on a sound component obtained through the first filter;
A second computing unit for obtaining a blood pressure value by an oscillometric method based on a pulse wave component obtained through the second filter;
A sphygmomanometer, comprising: The sphygmomanometer according to claim 1,
A determination unit that determines the suitability of the blood pressure value obtained by the first calculation unit and the second calculation unit;
A display unit for displaying a blood pressure value obtained by the first calculation unit and the second calculation unit;
Have
If the determination unit determines that the Korotkoff blood pressure value by the first calculation unit is normal, the determination unit displays the blood pressure value obtained by the first calculation unit on the display unit; When it is determined that the blood pressure value of the oscillometric method by the second calculation unit is normal, the blood pressure value obtained by the second calculation unit is displayed on the display unit. The sphygmomanometer according to claim 1 or 2,
The sphygmomanometer, wherein the sensor is a piezoelectric sensor. The blood pressure monitor according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The band pass frequency of the first filter is a frequency including 40 Hz to 60 Hz,
The sphygmomanometer, wherein the band pass frequency of the second filter is a frequency including 0.5 Hz to 20 Hz. A cylindrical housing into which the upper arm of the person to be measured is inserted, and an armband provided in the housing and provided with an air bag for compressing the upper arm of the person to be measured inserted therein;
Pressurizing means for supplying air to the air bag;
A sensor that is provided on an inner peripheral surface of the air bag and detects vibration in a state where the upper arm of the person to be measured is pressed by the air bag;
A filter for extracting a pulse wave component in a predetermined frequency range from a signal measured by the sensor;
A calculation unit for obtaining a blood pressure value by an oscillometric method based on a pulse wave component obtained through the filter;
A sphygmomanometer, comprising: The blood pressure monitor according to claim 5,
The sphygmomanometer, wherein the sensor is a piezoelectric sensor. The sphygmomanometer according to claim 5 or 6,
The sphygmomanometer, wherein a band pass frequency of the filter is a frequency including 0.5 Hz to 20 Hz.

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