JP2010196557A - Decompression liquid pumping device and liquid spraying device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid pumping device of a high pump head largely exceeding a natural height of liquid in a decompressed pipe. <P>SOLUTION: The decompression liquid pumping device pumps up liquid from a liquid source 30 via a liquid pumping pipe 10 to a pumped liquid receiving part 40 arranged at a high position and has a decompression means (50) reducing pressure in the liquid pumping pipe and a gas introduction means 200 introducing a gas of higher pressure than air pressure in the liquid pumping pipe to a position higher than a liquid level and lower than the natural height of a liquid column in the liquid pumping pipe at reduced pressure. In an internal space of the pumped liquid receiving part 40, an upper terminal 10b of the liquid pumping pipe projects from a bottom surface 42 and the upper terminal 10b is arranged apart from an upper surface 44 not to contact with it. The liquid column in the liquid pumping pipe is parted up and down by gas bubbles introduced in the liquid pumping pipe and the upper liquid column which is parted is pushed up by the gas bubbles floating up in the liquid pumping pipe to pump up the liquid. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vacuum pumping apparatus that pumps liquid at a low level to a high level using a vacuum device such as a vacuum pump.

  In systems for pumping liquids such as water, simple vacuum pumps have been widely used. As shown in FIG. 22, for example, when water 530 accumulated in the underground or the like is pumped up by the vacuum pump 500, the suction port of the lifting pipe 510 communicated with the vacuum pump 500 is inserted into the underground water, and the vacuum pump 500 is operated. To drive. As a result, the water 530 sucked from the suction port of the pumping pipe 510 is pumped up to a tank 560 or the like installed on the ground.

However, when the vacuum pump 500 is used, the maximum lift Hd that can be pumped is about 10 m in the case of water. Even if the pumping pipe 510 can be completely evacuated by the vacuum pump 500, the water pumping into the vacuum pumping pipe from the water surface H0 under the atmospheric pressure (standard atmospheric pressure: 760 mmHg = 101.25 hPa≈10.33 tf / m ² ). This is because the height Hv of the pushed water column is about 10 m. Therefore, when the head Hd is 10 m or more, the liquid cannot be pumped by the vacuum pump 500 alone. For this reason, when pumping liquid from a depth exceeding 10 m, it is necessary to pump a liquid by installing a centrifugal pump, reciprocating pump, jet pump, etc. in the depth near the suction section, which increases the size of the device. There was a problem that an expensive device was required.

  In view of this, the inventors of the present application have proposed a system in which a liquid is pumped up to a height higher than the natural height of the liquid column in the vacuum pumping pipe in Patent Document 1 and the like. In this vacuum pumping system, a gas having a higher pressure is introduced into a vacuum pumped pipe, the liquid column in the pipe is divided by gas bubbles expanding while rising in the pumped pipe, and the divided liquid column is separated. A system is proposed in which the liquid located above is pushed up by this gas bubble. By adopting such a system, it is possible to pump the liquid to a level higher than the natural height of the liquid column in the vacuum pumped liquid using a vacuum pump.

  Patent Document 2 also discloses a system in which gas is introduced to a position higher than the external water surface in the pressure reducing pipe, and water existing above the gas in the pressure reducing pipe is pumped to a height of 10 m or more.

Japanese Patent No. 3805920 JP-A-11-193800

  As shown in the above-mentioned patent document 1, the pumping of a head of 10 m or more, specifically, 11.3 m is actually achieved by this system. With this system, it is theoretically expected that pumping is possible even at heads of more than 11.3 m, for example 20 m and 30 m. However, according to the research by the inventors of the present application, in the pumping device using the above principle, when the head is set to 20 m or more, for example, a sufficient pumping amount cannot be realized.

  The present invention provides a vacuum pumping apparatus capable of pumping liquid even at a high head.

  The present invention is a vacuum pumping device that pumps liquid from a liquid source at a low level to a high level via a pumping tube in which a suction port is inserted into the liquid source. Means and a gas having a pressure higher than the reduced pressure in the lifted pipe into the lifted pipe at a position higher than the liquid level of the liquid source and lower than the natural height of the liquid column in the lifted pipe under reduced pressure. The internal space can be depressurized by the gas introduction means to be introduced and the decompression means, provided in the upper end region of the pumping pipe, and ascends in the pumping pipe and is discharged from the upper end portion of the pumping pipe. A pump receiving part for receiving the pumped liquid, and in the internal space of the pumped liquid receiving part, an upper end portion of the pumped liquid pipe projects from the bottom surface of the pumped liquid receiving part, and Separate the upper end so that it does not contact the upper surface of the pumping receiver. The gas bubbles that are arranged and divide up and down the liquid column continuous from the suction port in the pumping pipe by the gas bubbles introduced into the pumping pipe from the gas introduction means, and rise in the pumping pipe Thus, the divided upper liquid column is pushed up, and the liquid is pumped up to the liquid receiving part higher than the natural height of the liquid column.

  In another aspect of the present invention, in the above-described reduced pressure pumping apparatus, the upper surface of the pumped liquid receiving part reflects the pumped liquid discharged from the upper terminal part of the pumped liquid pipe in a direction away from the upper terminal part. It has a surface.

  In another aspect of the present invention, in the above-described reduced pressure pumping apparatus, at least at a height position equal to or higher than the natural height of the liquid column, the pumping pipe has a flow path diameter at the position lower than the natural height of the liquid column. It has an area | region smaller than the flow path diameter of a pumping pipe.

  In another aspect of the present invention, in the vacuum pumping apparatus, the gas bubbles introduced into the pumped liquid drop between the suction port of the pumped pipe and the gas introduction position, and the suction port It has a gas check mechanism that prevents leakage into the liquid source.

  In another aspect of the present invention, in the vacuum pumping apparatus, the gas introduction means penetrates the pumping pipe of the gas at a gas introduction height higher than the decompressed pumping pipe internal pressure. And a gas discharge port for discharging the gas into the liquid pumping tube, and the gas discharge port receives a gas supplied from the outside of the liquid pumping tube, and pipes from the inner peripheral wall side of the liquid pumping tube. Gas rectifying fins are provided to discharge upward in the interior.

  In another aspect of the present invention, in the vacuum pumping apparatus, the gas introducing means is inserted partway through the pumping pipe from the top of the pumping pipe, and the gas discharge port is connected to the liquid source. The insertion length is positioned so as to be higher than the liquid level and lower than the natural height of the liquid column, and an air supply pipe capable of discharging gas from the gas discharge port into the pumped liquid pipe is provided.

  In another aspect of the present invention, in the vacuum pumping apparatus, a liquid feeding port provided on a bottom surface of the pumped liquid receiving part is connected to a reflux pipe, and a lower end part of the reflux pipe is inserted into the liquid source. Or, the liquid pumped to the pump receiving part is communicated with the circulating port of the pumped pipe provided at a position lower than at least the upper end portion of the pumped pipe, and the liquid flowing from the pumping port It is circulated through the tube as a liquid pumped through the pumping tube.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid spraying device using any one of the above-described reduced-pressure pumping devices, and directly from the pumped-water receiving unit or communicated with the pumped-pipe at a predetermined timing by the pressure-reducing means. The liquid is decompressed and has a liquid spraying pipe through which the liquid pumped up by the pumped liquid pipe is supplied to the internal flow path through the pumped liquid storage section that stores the liquid from the pumped liquid receiving section, The liquid spray pipe has a liquid discharge port at one or both of the pipe end and the pipe path, and at least a part of the pipe is disposed in the pump receiving part or the pumped liquid storage part. The liquid discharge port is arranged along the direction from the high position to the low position where the liquid source is arranged, and the liquid in the internal flow channel flows toward the low position by a drop from the high position to the low position. Spray the liquid discharged from .

  In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vacuum pumping device for pumping liquid from a liquid source at a low level to a high level through a pumping tube having a suction port inserted into the liquid source, A pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure, and at a position higher than the liquid level of the liquid source and lower than the natural height of the liquid column in the pumped liquid under reduced pressure, the pressure inside the pumped liquid pipe is higher than the pressure reduced in the pumped liquid pipe Gas introduction means for introducing gas at a pressure, and at least at a height position equal to or higher than the natural height of the liquid column, the pumping pipe has a flow path diameter lower than the natural height of the liquid column. The liquid column has a region smaller than the flow path diameter of the liquid pipe, and a gas column introduced from the gas introduction means into the pumping pipe divides the liquid column continuous from the suction port in the pumping pipe up and down, and By the gas bubbles rising in the liquid pipe, Pushing up the cross was an upper liquid column, pumping high liquid from the liquid column natural height.

  As described above, in the present invention, the pressure in the pumping pipe is reduced by the pressure reducing means, and a positive pressure (for example, atmospheric pressure) is placed at a position higher than the lower water surface and lower than the natural height of the liquid column in the vacuum pipe. The above gas (for example, air) is introduced.

  Therefore, the liquid column is divided into lengths that can be pumped up by the gas bubbles introduced into the pumping pipe, and the upper liquid column of the divided liquid column is divided into the upper end portion of the pumping pipe. Push up. The liquid pushed up by the gas bubbles is discharged from the upper end portion of the pumping pipe into the pumped liquid receiving part.

  Here, in the present invention, in the internal space of the pump receiving part provided in the upper terminal region of the pumped pipe, the upper terminal part of the pumped pipe is disposed so as to protrude from the bottom surface of the pumped receiver part. The liquid discharged from the end portion is collected in the receiving portion without being sucked from the upper end portion of the pumped pipe. In addition, by disposing the pumping receiver so that the upper surface of the pump receiving part does not contact the upper terminal part of the pumping pipe, the liquid discharged from the upper terminal part collides with the upper surface of the pumping receiver part and the upper terminal The possibility of backflowing to the part can be greatly reduced.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the liquid pushed up by the gas bubbles to the vicinity of the upper end portion of the pumped pipe can be pumped up to the pumped liquid receiving section without waste. Therefore, it is possible to pump the liquid from the pumped pipe to the pumped liquid receiving part by the pressure reducing means and the gas introducing means for a high head greatly exceeding the natural height of the liquid column in the vacuum pumped liquid pipe.

  Further, in the present invention, the upper surface of the pumped liquid receiving portion has a surface that reflects the pumped liquid discharged from the upper end portion of the pumped liquid pipe in a direction away from the upper end portion, so that the pumped liquid can be pumped up. Backflow from the upper end of the tube can be prevented more reliably, and the pumping efficiency can be further improved.

  In the present invention, at least at a position higher than the natural height of the liquid column, the flow path diameter of the pumping pipe is made smaller than the flow path diameter at a position lower than the natural height of the liquid column, thereby pumping up more liquid without waste. It becomes possible. The phenomenon that the gas bubbles introduced into the pumped liquid rise while expanding and reach a height of about 20 m from the liquid surface of the liquid source. Has been confirmed. However, at least at a position higher than the natural height of the liquid column, by making the flow path diameter of the pumping pipe smaller than the flow path diameter at the lower position below the natural height of the liquid column, It can be difficult to overtake. In addition, the volume of the upper liquid column of the liquid column divided by the gas bubbles, that is, the amount of liquid pumped by the gas bubbles, is determined according to the diameter of the flow path of the pumped tube up to the natural height of the liquid column under reduced pressure. Even if the channel diameter of the liquid pipe is small at the high position, if the channel diameter to the natural height position of the liquid column is large, there is no decrease in the pumped liquid amount. Therefore, the liquid can be pumped more efficiently.

  Further, in the present invention, if a gas check mechanism is provided between the suction port of the pumped pipe and the gas introduction position, the gas bubbles are lowered due to the influence of the liquid pressure applied to the position at the time of gas introduction. Even so, gas bubbles can be prevented from leaking from the suction port. For this reason, even if the amount of the pump tube inserted into the liquid source is small, the introduced gas is not lost in the middle, and the liquid can be efficiently pumped even from a liquid source having a shallow depth. In addition, since the introduction gas is prevented from falling, the gas introduction position is set to a lower position closer to the liquid surface, and the volume of the upper column of the liquid column divided by the gas bubbles, that is, the pumping amount per one time is increased. It is also possible.

  In the present invention, a gas discharge port is provided through the pumping pipe, and gas is supplied from the gas discharge port into the pumping pipe, and the gas discharge port is supplied from the outside of the pumping pipe. By providing a gas rectifying fin that receives gas and discharges it from the inner peripheral wall side of the pumped pipe upward to the inside of the pipe, it is easy to execute liquid column division by gas bubbles more quickly and efficiently Become.

  In this invention, you may introduce | transduce gas in a pumping liquid pipe | tube using the air supply pipe inserted from the upper part of the liquid pumping pipe | tube to the middle in the pipe | tube. In such a so-called double pipe structure, most of the gas introducing means can be accommodated in the liquid pumping tube, the outer shape of the apparatus is small, the apparatus is convenient to carry, and the possibility of damage to the gas introducing means is reduced. Further, since the air supply pipe is disposed in the liquid pumping pipe, if gas can be discharged at a predetermined position, a particularly high strength is not required, and the selection range of materials is widened. Therefore, it is advantageous for reducing the manufacturing cost of the vacuum pumping apparatus. Further, the height of the gas discharge port, that is, the gas introduction position can be easily adjusted by adjusting the insertion length of the air supply tube.

  Further, in the present invention, a circulating device can be obtained by circulating the liquid pumped up to the pumped liquid receiving portion as a liquid pumped up through the pumped liquid pipe through the circulating pipe.

  In the present invention, in the liquid spraying apparatus using the above-described liquid pumping apparatus, the liquid is pumped from a low level to a level higher than the natural liquid level in the pressure reducing tube with a simple configuration and very low power consumption. be able to. Furthermore, once the liquid pumped up to a high position is supplied to the liquid spraying pipe, and the liquid spraying pipe is arranged from the high level to the low level, the liquid is pumped using the potential energy of the pumped liquid. Can be sprayed. Therefore, with a very simple configuration, it is possible to minimize the power required for liquid spraying, to realize a liquid spraying device with power saving and a simple configuration, and it is possible to suppress the manufacturing cost of the device. Become.

It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the vacuum pumping apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the pumping liquid receiving part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other structure of the liquid receiving part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the air supply nozzle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other structure of the air supply nozzle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other structure of the air supply nozzle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the gas non-return mechanism which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the vacuum pumping apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the vacuum pumping apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the other structure of the vacuum pumping apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the vacuum solution apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the vacuum solution apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the control timing in the decompression solution apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the liquid spraying apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is another schematic block diagram of the liquid spraying apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is another schematic block diagram of the liquid spraying apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the application example of the vacuum pumping apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the pumping experiment result which concerns on Example 1-1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the pumping experiment result which concerns on Example 1-2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the pumping experiment result which concerns on Example 2-1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the pumping experiment result which concerns on Example 2-2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the pumping apparatus using the conventional vacuum pump.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 conceptually shows the principle of a vacuum pumping apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The liquid pumping apparatus according to the present embodiment uses a pressure reducing means such as a vacuum pump to depressurize the pumped liquid pipe and the pumped liquid receiving portion provided at the upper end of the liquid pumped pipe, and above the liquid level H0 of the liquid source. Then, a positive pressure (for example, atmospheric pressure) gas is introduced at a position lower than the natural height Hv of the liquid column sucked into the liquid pumping tube under reduced pressure. The gas bubbles introduced into the pumping pipe divide the liquid column in the pipe, and the liquid column above the gas bubbles is pumped up to the lifting head Hd larger than the natural height Hv by the rising gas bubbles.

  The apparatus includes a vacuum pump 50 that is a decompression unit, a pumping pipe 10 that is connected to the vacuum pump 50 and pumps a liquid column in the pipe, a gas introduction unit 200 that introduces gas into a predetermined position of the pumping pipe 10, and a pumping liquid. The pump 10 has a pump receiving part 40 that is provided in the upper terminal region of the pipe 10 and receives liquid discharged from the upper terminal part of the pumping pipe 10, and a controller 100 that performs various controls such as pressure reduction and gas introduction timing.

  The pumping pipe 10 is used by inserting a suction port 10a at the lower end thereof into a so-called liquid source 30 in which liquid is accumulated such as ground water or water accumulated on the ground (pond, river, lake, sea, aquarium). The upper terminal portion 10b of the liquid pumping tube 10 is disposed in the internal space of the liquid receiving portion 40.

  The pumped liquid receiving unit 40 is communicated with the vacuum pump 50 together with the pumped liquid pipe 10, and the internal space can be decompressed similarly to the pumped liquid pipe 10. The upper end portion 10b of the pumped liquid pipe 10 protrudes from the bottom surface 42 of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 and is spaced apart from the upper outlet end portion 10b so as not to contact the upper surface 44 of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40. It is arranged in the internal space of the part 40.

  As will be described later, the liquid column located in the upper part of the gas bubbles introduced into the pumping pipe 10 is lifted in the pumping pipe 10 by the rising gas bubbles, and the pumping receiving part 40 is moved from the upper end portion 10b. The liquid is discharged inside and collected at the bottom of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40. Subsequently, the gas bubbles are also discharged into the pumped liquid receiving unit 40, and the liquid and gas bubbles pumped up automatically in the pumped liquid receiving unit 40 are subjected to gas-liquid separation.

  In the present embodiment, the pumped liquid receiving unit 40 is connected to the pumped liquid tank 60 via a liquid feeding pipe 70 as shown in FIG. 1, and the liquid pumped up to the pumped liquid receiving unit 40 It is stored in the pumped liquid tank 60 through 70.

  The gas introduction unit 200 includes an air supply pipe 22, an air supply nozzle 24, and an air supply valve 26 that controls supply of air to the air supply nozzle 24. The opening / closing of the air supply valve 26 can be controlled by the control unit 100.

  In the present embodiment, the air supply pipe 22 is provided outside the pumping pipe 10, and air taken in from the atmosphere during the period when the valve 26 is open is attached to the pumping pipe 10. Is introduced into the pumped liquid pipe 10. The introduction position of the gas into the pumping pipe 10 is a position a (height Ha) between the liquid level H0 of the liquid source 30 and the natural height Hv (point v) of the liquid column in the pumping pipe under vacuum. It is. In the present embodiment, the air supply nozzle 24 is attached in advance to a corresponding region in the lower part of the liquid pumping tube 10 so that the air supply nozzle 24 is in the corresponding introduction position Ha when using the vacuum pumping apparatus. . Moreover, the air supply pipe | tube 22 can be arrange | positioned at the height more than the gas introduction position Ha, as FIG. 1 shows. By disposing the gas supply position Ha in this way, it becomes difficult for liquid to enter the air supply pipe 22 from the liquid supply pipe 10 via the air supply nozzle 24, particularly when the air supply valve 26 is opened. In this case, it is possible to prevent the liquid backflow into the air supply pipe 22 and to facilitate the rapid and effective gas introduction.

  The vacuum pump 50 depressurizes the internal space of the pumped liquid pipe 10, the pumped liquid receiving portion 40, the liquid feed pipe 70, and the pumped liquid tank 60 connected to each other. In the example of FIG. It is connected to the pumped liquid tank 60. A pipe valve 72 may be provided in the path of the liquid feeding pipe 70 between the pumped liquid tank 60 and the pumped liquid receiving portion 40. The pipe valve 72 is not an essential component for pressure reduction and pumping operation, but is controlled so as to close the pipe once when the vacuum pump 50 starts the exhaust operation, as will be described later in the operation. This makes it possible to enhance the efficiency and stability of the exhaust operation.

  Next, the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 will be further described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the pump receiving part 40, the pumping pipe 10 and the liquid feeding pipe 70 in the vicinity of the upper end of the pumping pipe 10.

  An insertion port 42 a into which the upper end portion 10 b of the pumped liquid pipe 10 can be inserted is provided on the bottom surface 42 of the pumped liquid receiving unit 40. The insertion port 42a is designed so that the liquid accumulated inside the insertion port 42a does not leak after the pumping pipe 10 is fitted and fixed. Specifically, for example, a waterproof ring using a material resistant to the liquid to be pumped (for example, rubber or plastic when pumping water) between the insertion port 42a and the outer peripheral surface of the inserted liquid pumping tube 10. For example, a water leakage treatment member 42b may be employed. In the example shown in FIG. 2, a tubular member 42b having a water leakage function is attached to the bottom of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40, and the pumped pipe 10 is connected to the lower end of the member 42b. Also in this case, the substantial upper end portion 10b of the pumped liquid pipe 10 is positioned in the internal space of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 as described above. Of course, the pumping pipe 10 may be directly inserted into the pumping liquid receiving part 40 from the insertion port 42a. Here, the pumping receiver 40 and the water leakage treatment member 42b, or the pumping receiver 40 and the pumping pipe 10 may be integrally formed from the beginning.

  The bottom surface 42 of the pumped liquid receiving unit 40 is further provided with an insertion port 42c for the liquid feeding pipe 70 for discharging the liquid pumped up by the pumped liquid receiving unit 40. Also in the insertion port 42c of the liquid feeding pipe 70, a water leakage preventing member 42d is provided between, for example, the insertion port 42c and the outer peripheral surface of the air feeding pipe 70 so that the liquid accumulated in the pump receiving part 40 does not leak. . The insertion port 42c of the liquid feeding pipe 70 may be provided not only on the bottom surface 42 of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 but also on the side surface. In this case, it is provided at a low position close to the bottom to pump the pumped liquid without waste. It is efficient in sending to the liquid pipe 70.

  The relationship between the discharge amount from the liquid feeding pipe 70 and the pumping amount by the liquid feeding pipe 10 is appropriately adjusted by setting the aperture ratio of the liquid feeding pipe 70 and the pumping liquid pipe 10, the opening period of the conduit valve 72, and the like. be able to. Further, by disposing the upper end portion 10b of the pumping pipe 10 so as to protrude from the bottom surface 42 of the liquid receiving portion 40 by a predetermined distance, the liquid level of the liquid pumped into the liquid receiving portion 40 causes the upper end portion 10b to be drawn. It can be controlled not to exceed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the liquid pumped into the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 from flowing back into the pumped liquid pipe 10.

  In the present embodiment, the upper terminal portion 10 b of the pumped liquid pipe 10 is disposed away from the upper surface 44 so as not to contact the upper surface 44 of the pumped liquid receiving unit 40. For this reason, the liquid pumped up to the upper end portion 10 b of the pumped-up pipe 10 can be discharged into the pumped-up receiver 40 without being blocked by the upper surface 44 of the pumped-up receiver 40. In addition, the height of the liquid receiving part 40 is sufficiently high so that the liquid is vigorously discharged from the upper terminal part 10b of the liquid pumping pipe 10 by setting a sufficient distance from the upper terminal part 10b of the liquid pumping pipe 10 to the upper surface 44. By not disturbing this, it is possible to increase the head for pumping the liquid.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the upper surface 44 of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 is not orthogonal to the liquid discharge direction at least in a region where the liquid discharged from the upper end portion 10b of the pumped liquid pipe 10 may collide. An inclined surface (a flat surface or a curved surface) is provided. Therefore, the liquid discharged from the upper end portion 10b and colliding with the upper surface 44 of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 proceeds in a direction different from that of the upper end portion 10b even when reflected by the upper surface 44. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce the possibility that the liquid pumped into the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 flows backward from the upper terminal portion 10b.

  In FIG. 2, the upper surface 44 of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 includes a flat surface (slope) that is inclined so that the collided liquid is reflected in a direction away from the upper terminal portion 10 b of the pumped tube 10. This inclined surface is inclined so that the liquid after reflection proceeds in a direction away from the wall surface close to the upper terminal portion 10b. In FIG. 2, the height 44 from the bottom surface of the upper surface 44 of the liquid receiving portion 40 increases from the upper terminal portion 10 b of the liquid pumping tube 10 toward the liquid feeding port (insertion port 42 c) of the liquid feeding tube 70. Tilted like that. By making the upper surface 44 of the pumped liquid receiving portion into such an inclined surface, the liquid reflected by the upper surface 44 proceeds to the side surface of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 near the upper terminal portion 10b, and is reflected by this side surface to reflect the upper terminal. The possibility of returning to the portion 10b can be reduced, and backflow is reliably prevented.

  In addition, the cross-sectional structure in the horizontal direction of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 is not particularly limited, and an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape such as a quadrilateral shape, or the like can be adopted in addition to a circular shape as shown in the upper part of FIG. .

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, another configuration example of the pumped liquid receiving unit 40 will be described. In FIG. 2, the upper surface 44 of the liquid receiving part 40 is an inclined plane, but the upper surfaces 44a and 44b of the liquid receiving part 40 shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are provided with curved surfaces. Is different.

  In Fig.3 (a), the upper surface 44a of the pumping liquid receiving part 40 is provided with a hemispherical curved surface. Further, the upper end portion 10b of the liquid pump 10 is arranged at a position shifted from the center of the hemisphere. By adopting such a configuration, even if the liquid discharged from the upper end portion 10b of the pumping tube 10 collides with the upper surface 44, it can be prevented from returning to the upper end portion 10b. A high-lifting liquid can be realized without causing the discharged liquid to flow backward.

  In FIG.3 (b), the upper surface 44b of the pumping liquid receiving part 40 is provided with a substantially elliptical hemispherical curved surface. Further, at least the upper end portion 10b of the liquid pumping tube 10 is arranged near one focal point (focal point 1) of this ellipse. With this configuration, the liquid discharged straight from the upper end portion 10b (in the vertical direction) and colliding with the elliptical spherical surface can be advanced toward the other focal point (focal point 2) away from the upper end portion 10b. In the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 of FIG. 3B, the liquid discharged from the upper end portion 10b can be more reliably advanced by the upper surface 44b, and the height of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 is reduced. It is also easy to do. If the upper surface 44b has an elliptical hemispherical shape and the liquid supply port is positioned near the other focal point (focal point 2), the liquid discharged from the upper terminal portion 10b can be efficiently collected in the liquid supply pipe 70. .

  Next, the pumping operation of the apparatus according to this embodiment will be described. When the suction port 10a of the pumping pipe 10 is inserted into the liquid source 30 and the evacuation operation of the vacuum pump 50 is started, a water-sealed pumping tank 60, a liquid feeding pipe 70, a pumping liquid receiver connected to the vacuum pump 50 The air inside the unit 40 and the liquid pumping tube 10 is exhausted and depressurized. When the inside of the pumped liquid pipe 10 is depressurized to a predetermined negative pressure, the liquid level in the pipe rises and reaches a height near Hv (about 10 m when the liquid is water).

  Here, the air supply valve 26 is opened for a predetermined short period, and air at atmospheric pressure, for example, is introduced from the air supply nozzle 24 as a positive pressure gas into the liquid raising pipe 10 at the height Ha. The liquid column having a height Hv in the pumping pipe 10 is divided vertically by the introduced gas bubbles in the vicinity of the height Ha. Depending on the pressure difference between the pressure in the liquid pump at the height Ha and the pressure of the gas bubble at that position, and the buoyancy received by the gas bubble, the gas bubble has a bullet shape with a sharp tip as shown in FIG. It rises while rapidly expanding in the pipe (note that the rising speed of the gas bubbles increases as it goes up). Once the liquid column is divided by the introduced gas bubbles, the liquid column having a length less than Hv on the upper side is vigorously pushed upward by the rising force of the gas bubbles, and the liquid has a height Hv. Pumped up to a height Hd exceeding (natural liquid level v in the vacuum tube), discharged from the upper terminal portion 10b at the Hd point, and accumulated in the pumped liquid receiving portion 40.

  If the opening and closing of the air supply valve is repeated while the vacuum pump 50 is driven in this manner, gas bubbles are intermittently introduced into the pumped liquid pipe 10 having a negative pressure. The liquid column having a height Hv is sequentially divided in the pipe by the introduced gas bubbles, and the liquid is pumped up to a height exceeding Hv. In addition, intermittent pumping of, for example, 20 m or 30 m or more, where the head Hd greatly exceeds the liquid column natural height Hv in the vacuum tube, can be executed only by the vacuum pump.

  Next, the air supply nozzle 24 will be described. In the present embodiment, the air supply nozzle 24 is attached to the pumped liquid pipe 10, and introduces gas sent from the air supply pipe 22 arranged outside the pumped liquid pipe 10 into the pumped liquid pipe 10. FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of the air supply nozzle 24a. The air supply nozzle 24 a can be attached later at a position corresponding to the gas introduction height Ha of the pumped liquid pipe 10, but can also be configured integrally with the pumped liquid pipe 10.

  In the air supply nozzle 24, an air supply passage 242 that penetrates the case wall is formed in the case peripheral surface of the cylindrical nozzle case 240. A tubular air supply pipe joint 246 extending in a substantially horizontal direction is connected to the outer peripheral side of the nozzle housing 240 in the air supply passage 242. The air pipe 22 can be joined to the air pipe joint 246, and the gas from the air pipe 22 can reach the inside of the nozzle housing 240 through the air pipe joint 246 and the air passage 242. .

  A gas rectifying fin 244 is provided at the end of the air supply passage 242 on the inner wall side of the housing so as to face the end with a predetermined distance. The gas rectifying fins 244 rise from the inner wall of the nozzle housing 240 toward the center of the cylinder of the nozzle housing 240 in a substantially L shape as shown in FIG. It has a cylindrical shape that continues around the circumference. A thickening portion 244 a for straightening is provided at the open end portion of the cylinder of the gas straightening fin 244. Therefore, the gas supplied from the air supply pipe 22 through the air supply passage 242 toward the inside of the housing is prevented from going straight by the wall surface of the gas rectifying fin 244 and the thickened portion 244a for rectification. For this reason, the gas supplied from the air supply pipe 22 travels through a passage (hereinafter referred to as a gas rectifying passage) 248 between the gas rectifying fins 244 and the inner wall of the casing and spreads around the entire inner wall of the casing.

  In addition, a slight gap is provided between the thickening portion 244 a for rectification and the inner wall of the nozzle housing 240. Therefore, ring-shaped gas can be ejected from the gap along the open end direction of the gas rectifying fins 244 to the inner pipe line of the nozzle housing 240.

  In the air supply nozzle 24a shown in FIG. 4, the air supply passage 242 is formed on the side surface of the nozzle housing 240 as described above, and the air supply pipe joint 246 is inserted into the air supply passage 242. ing. Furthermore, pumping pipe joint portions 252 and 254 for joining the pumping pipe 10 are fitted on the upper and lower sides of the nozzle housing 240, respectively. A gas rectifying fin 244 is formed in a fitting portion of the upper and lower pumping pipe joints in the lower pumping joint 254 into the nozzle casing 240. A gas rectifying passage 248 is formed between the liquid junction 254 and the inner wall of the nozzle housing 240 in a state where the liquid junction 254 is fitted. As described above, the air supply nozzle 24a shown in FIG. 4 is configured by attaching another member to the nozzle housing 240, but may of course be integrally formed.

  The air supply nozzle 24a as described above is employed, the air supply nozzle 24a is attached to the liquid pumping tube 10, and the gas injection position of the air supply nozzle 24a is raised so as to be the gas introduction height Ha of the vacuum pumping device. If the position of the liquid pipe 10 is adjusted, the gas can be introduced into the pumped liquid pipe 10 at the target gas introduction height Ha. By using the air supply nozzle 24 a shown in FIG. 4, a uniform ring shape is formed not only from one side where the air supply passage 242 is formed but also from the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle housing 240 in the pipe of the liquid lifting pipe 10. The gas can be blown out. For this reason, when the gas bubbles introduced into the pipe expand, the liquid column can be divided up and down uniformly and quickly, and even if the head is about 30 m high, the liquid can be surely pumped up. The air supply nozzle 24a may be formed integrally with the liquid pumping tube 10.

  The air supply nozzle 24b shown in FIG. 5 shows a state where the air supply nozzle 24a shown in FIG. By attaching to the pumping pipe 10 as shown in FIG. 5, ring-shaped gas bubbles are jetted downward into the pipe of the pumping pipe 10. Also in the air supply nozzle 24b of FIG. 5, since the ring-shaped gas can be ejected, the liquid column can be divided uniformly and quickly.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the pumping pipe 10 is attached to an air supply nozzle 24 a that ejects gas upward, the introduced gas bubbles descend in the pumping pipe 10, and the pumping pipe 10. The possibility of leakage from the suction port 10a to the outside can be reduced. For this reason, efficient pumping is facilitated even when the depth of insertion of the liquid pump 10 into the liquid source 30 is shallow. The gas introduction height Ha is set to about 1.0 m from the liquid level H0 in consideration of the possibility that the gas introduced into the pumping pipe 10 once falls about 0.8 m and then starts to rise. It is possible to reduce the descending distance of the introduced gas by ejecting the gas upward, and the gas is introduced to a position closer to the liquid level H0 and is divided into upper portions of the liquid column that is divided by the gas bubbles. It is possible to increase the deposition.

  FIG. 6 shows a configuration example of still another air supply nozzle 24c. The gas supply nozzle 24c shown in FIG. 6 does not employ the gas rectifying fins 244 like the gas supply nozzles 24a and 24b, and the gas sent from the gas supply pipe 22 passes directly through the gas supply passage 242 and directly into the nozzle housing 240. Is introduced into the inner circumference of the liquid uptake pipe 10, that is, into the pipe of the pumping pipe 10.

  In FIG. 6, a temporary gas reservoir 270 for the introduced gas is formed on the inner periphery of the nozzle housing. The gas reservoir 270 has a nozzle casing inner peripheral diameter at the same height as the air supply passage 242 in the horizontal direction, the nozzle casing inner peripheral diameter at other positions, specifically, the upper pumping pipe joint portion 256, the lower It is formed so as to be wider than the inner peripheral diameter of the pumped pipe joint 258. In particular, by making the inner diameter of the gas reservoir 270 wider than the inner diameter of the upper pumping pipe joint portion 256, the liquid column in the pipe of the pumped liquid pipe 10 can be reliably divided vertically by the introduced gas in the gas reservoir 270. Therefore, compared with the case where gas is simply introduced from the air supply passage 242 formed on one side of the nozzle housing 240, it is possible to improve the head and pumping efficiency.

  In addition, instead of the air supply nozzle 24 described above, gas may be introduced into the pipe of the pumping pipe 10 from the opening (formed on one side of the pipe) of the air supply passage 242 that penetrates the nozzle housing 240. Liquid can be pumped up. However, by adopting the configuration of the air supply nozzle 24 as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, it is possible to improve the head by the air supply nozzle 24 and improve the pumping efficiency.

  Next, the gas check mechanism 280 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The gas check mechanism 280 is provided at a position lower than the gas introduction position Ha, and does not hinder the passage of the liquid taken in from the suction port 10a (see FIG. 1) of the pumping pipe 10 not shown in FIG. The generated gas bubbles are prevented from moving below the check mechanism 280. More specifically, the gas check mechanism 280 is provided in a lower region of the nozzle housing 240, and as shown in FIG. 7, a gas check ball 282 and a ball arrangement chamber 286 for accommodating the ball therein. And a ball suspension 284 that prevents the ball 282 from floating upward from the ball placement chamber 286. In the example of FIG. 7, the upper pumping pipe joint portion 252 provided on the upper portion of the nozzle housing 240 has the same shape as the joint portion 252 shown in FIG. 4, but the upper pumping liquid shown in FIG. It is good also as a junction part structure with a larger internal diameter difference with the nozzle housing | casing 240 like the pipe junction part 256. FIG.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7B, the inner peripheral diameter (diameter) 286R of the ball placement chamber 286 is larger than the inner peripheral diameter (diameter) 260R of the lower pumping pipe joint portion 260, and the diameter 282R of the ball 282. Is smaller than the diameter 286R of the ball placement chamber 286 so that it can move in the ball placement chamber 286 up and down and left and right, and so as not to move below the lower lift tube joining portion 260. The diameter of the portion 260 is set larger than 260R. In the example of FIG. 7A, the passage 286a between the ball arrangement chamber 286 and the lower pumping pipe joint portion 260 has a tapered shape whose diameter decreases toward the bottom, and the ball 282 is pushed down by the descending gas bubbles. At this time, the ball 282 makes it possible to smoothly and reliably block the gas descending flow path to the lower pumping pipe joint portion 260.

  A ball suspension 284 is provided in the upper part of the ball placement chamber 286. As specifically shown in FIG. 7C, the ball suspension 284 has an inner diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the ball placement chamber 286. The same ring portion 284a and a pressing portion 284b that prevents the ball 282 from passing through are provided inside the ring portion 284a.

  In the example of FIG. 7C, the pressing portion 284b is provided so as to cross the center of the ring portion 284a. However, as long as the passage of the ball 282 can be prevented, the pressing portion 284b has any shape. Also good. For example, a stripe shape or a mesh shape may be used. However, in the state where the liquid is sucked from the suction port 10a (see FIG. 1) of the lift pipe 10 and the ball 282 is lifted and is in contact with the pressing portion 284a of the ball float 284, the sucked liquid is the ball float 284. It is necessary that a gap enough to ensure a liquid flow path is formed by the inner periphery of the ring portion 284a and the pressing portion 284b so that the liquid can flow up.

  In the example of FIG. 7, the gas check mechanism 280 is integrally formed with the air supply nozzle 24d in the installation region of the air supply nozzle 24d. Similar to FIG. 6, the air supply nozzle 24d includes a gas reservoir 272 on the inner peripheral side of the nozzle housing 240 at the gas introduction position Ha, and has a configuration without gas rectifying fins. However, the gas check mechanism 280 is not limited to the structure integrally formed with the air supply nozzle 24d as shown in FIG. 7, and is located below the gas introduction position Ha and in the suction port 10a of the pumping pipe 10. You may provide separately from the air supply nozzle 24 in the position above (refer FIG. 1).

  By providing the gas check mechanism 280 as described above in the liquid pumping tube 10, any of the configurations shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 can be adopted for the air supply nozzle. In particular, when the gas supply nozzles 24b, 24c, and 24d as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 without the gas rectifying fins 244a for discharging the gas as shown in FIG. Even when the source 30 is shallow or when the insertion depth is shallow from the liquid surface H0 of the suction port 10a of the pumping tube 10, it is possible to reliably prevent the introduced gas from leaking from the tip of the suction port 10a to the outside. Also, since the introduction gas is prevented from falling, the gas introduction position Ha can be made closer to the liquid level H0, thereby increasing the volume of the upper column of the liquid column to be divided by the introduction gas, that is, once. It is possible to increase the amount of liquid pumped by the introduced gas. Of course, even when combined with the air supply nozzle 24a provided with the gas rectifying fins 244a as shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to reliably prevent leakage of the introduced gas and improve the pumping amount or pumping efficiency. it can.

[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 8A shows a configuration of a high-lift vacuum pumping apparatus according to the second embodiment. In the vacuum pumping apparatus according to the first embodiment described above, the inner diameter of the pumping pipe 10 is substantially constant from the suction port 10a to the upper end portion 10b, as shown in FIG. In contrast, in the vacuum pumping apparatus according to the second embodiment, the inner diameter of the upper part (hereinafter referred to as the upper pumping pipe) 16 of the pumping pipe from the inner diameter 14R of the lower part (hereinafter referred to as the lower lifting pipe) 14 of the pumping pipe 10. 16R is small. The lower end of the upper pumping pipe 16, that is, the position where the inner diameter 16R is made smaller than the inner diameter 14R of the lower pumping pipe 14 is preferably a position higher than the natural height Hv of the liquid column in the vacuum pumping pipe. .

  The inner diameter 16R of the upper pumping pipe 16 may be constant as shown in FIG. 8 (a). As shown in FIG. It may have a taper shape that continuously decreases upward from the joint with the liquid pipe 14, or it decreases in a stepped manner in the middle of the upper pumping pipe 16 as shown in FIG. Also good.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the gas introduction means 200 introduces gas into the pumped liquid pipe through the gas feed nozzle 24 from the gas feed pipe provided outside the pumped liquid pipe 10, as in the first embodiment. The structure to be provided is provided. As the air supply nozzle 24, for example, an introduction port through which gas can be introduced from the side of the pumping pipe 10 may be simply formed, and any of the configurations shown in FIGS. It is also possible to do. By adopting each of the air supply nozzles 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the pumping efficiency can be further improved or the maximum lift Hd can be increased.

  Further, the gas check mechanism 280 shown in FIG. 7 may be provided below the gas introduction position Ha of the pumping pipe 10, and in this case, the gas supply nozzle 24 is any one of the gas supply nozzles of FIGS. May be combined.

  In the vacuum pumping apparatus of the second embodiment, the inner diameter 14R of the lower pumping pipe 14, the gas introduction height Ha, and the amount of gas to be introduced are divided up and down by gas bubbles introduced into the vacuum pumping pipe. The upper column of the liquid column can be made into a condition that can be pumped up to a height of at least the natural height Hv. That is, the liquid amount [B × C] equal to the product of the liquid column cross-sectional area B corresponding to the inner diameter 14R and the liquid column length C equal to the difference between the natural height Hv and the gas introduction height Ha is equal to or greater than Hv. The inner diameter 14R, the gas introduction height Ha, and the gas introduction amount of the lower pumping pipe 14 are determined so that the height can be pushed up by the introduction gas. By adopting the upper pumping pipe 16 having a small inner diameter while adopting such a condition setting, it is possible to realize a maximum head Hd of 20 m, 30 m, or more, which greatly exceeds the natural height Hv. In the configuration of FIG. 8 (a), there is no other configuration in the pipe of the pumping pipe 10 above the air feed nozzle 24, and the inner diameter of the pumping pipe (internal cross-sectional area of the pumping pipe). Is equal to the channel diameter (channel cross-sectional area) of the liquid to be pumped.

  The inner diameter 16R of the upper pumping pipe 16 is effective as long as it is less than 1.0 with respect to the inner diameter 14R of the lower pumping pipe 14, but can be, for example, less than 1.0 to about 0.3. As such, it can be set to about 0.5 or about 0.8. In the case of a tapered shape as shown in FIG. 8B or an upper pumping pipe 16 whose inner diameter gradually decreases as shown in FIG. 8C, the inner diameter 14R of the lower pumping pipe 14 is What is necessary is just to satisfy | fill the said relationship in the minimum diameter position.

  In the vacuum pumping device, the gas bubbles introduced into the pumping pipe rise while expanding and push up the liquid column, but in the conventional vacuum pumping device, the height of the liquid column pushed up by the gas bubbles is It has been confirmed that when the natural height Hv is exceeded, for example, a height of about 20 m is reached, the gas bubbles overtake a part of the pushed-up liquid column.

  However, as in the second embodiment, at least in the position higher than the liquid column natural height Hv (upper pumping pipe), the pumped liquid in the position where the inner diameter of the pumped liquid pipe is lower than the natural height Hv (lower pumping pipe). By making it smaller than the inner diameter of the tube, overtaking of the upper liquid column by gas bubbles can be suppressed.

  One of the causes of overtaking suppression is that the area of the contact interface between the gas bubbles and the upper liquid column can be reduced because the inner diameter of the upper pumping pipe is small. In the upper pumping pipe, in particular, as the maximum head Hd is approached, in the pumping pipe, the variation in the passage resistance of the liquid pipe and the passage resistance of the gas bubbles, and the backflow of the pumping liquid from the vicinity of the upper end portion 10b of the pumping pipe 10 It is considered that the interface shape between the gas bubbles and the liquid column pushed up by the gas bubbles is likely to be disturbed. Like this Embodiment 2, at the high position where such disturbance is likely to occur, the cross-sectional area of the liquid column is small, and by reducing the contact area between the gas bubbles and the upper liquid column, the probability of disturbance is reduced, It is considered that the overtaking of the liquid column by the gas bubbles can be reduced, and as a result, the maximum lift Hd by the apparatus can be increased.

  In the second embodiment, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 8A, the liquid receiving part 40 as described in the first embodiment is employed in the upper part of the liquid pumping pipe 10. That is, the upper end portion 10b of the pumping pipe 10 is the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 disposed therein, and at least the upper end portion 10b of the pumped liquid tube 10 protrudes from the bottom surface 42 of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40, and A configuration is adopted in which the upper terminal portion 10 b is not in contact with the upper surface 44 of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40. By using such a pump receiving part 40, the maximum lift Hd can be further improved.

  When the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 is employed, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the pumped liquid discharged from the upper end portion 10 b of the pumped liquid is applied to the upper surface 44 of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40. You may provide the surface (44, 44a, 44b) reflected in the direction separated from the part 10b. By adopting such an upper surface 44, the backflow of the pumped liquid can be prevented more reliably, and the pumping efficiency can be further improved.

  Further, if the inner diameter of the upper pumping pipe 16 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the lower pumping pipe 14 as in the second embodiment, the reduced pressure pumping without changing the inner diameter without adopting the pumping receiver 40. It is possible to improve the maximum lift Hd as compared with the device. For example, as shown in FIG. 8C, the upper part of the pumped liquid pipe 10 may be folded in an inverted U shape, and a pumped liquid tank 60 communicated with the vacuum pump 50 may be directly connected to the folded part. A pipe valve 72 may be provided in the upper path of the inverted U shape of the liquid pump 10. For example, the pipe valve 72 is closed at the start of pressure reduction in the pumping tank 60 and the pumping pipe by the vacuum pump 50, and can be controlled to open after the internal atmospheric pressure becomes constant. Further, in the case of, for example, pressurizing and spraying the liquid accumulated in the pumped liquid tank 60, by closing the pipe valve 72, the pipe line of the pumped liquid pipe 10 communicating with the pumped liquid tank 60 is It is possible to prevent the gas for pressurization and the liquid in the tank from flowing backward. Of course, even if this pipe valve 72 is omitted, it does not hinder pumping.

[Embodiment 3]
Next, a vacuum pumping apparatus according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the inside of the pumping pipe 10 is depressurized by the vacuum pump 50, and the pumping liquid higher than the liquid level H <b> 0 of the gas liquid source 30 and under reduced pressure is put in the pipe of the pumping liquid 10. Gas is introduced at a position lower than the natural height Hv of the liquid column in the pipe, and the liquid is pumped up to the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 by gas bubbles. The difference from the first embodiment is the configuration of the gas introduction unit 20, and is that the air supply pipe 222 has a so-called double pipe structure provided not inside the pumped liquid pipe 10 but inside.

  The gas introducing means 200 according to the third embodiment includes a control unit for intermittently discharging gas into the pumping pipe 10 and the air feeding pipe 222 inserted from above the pumping pipe 10 to the middle of the pipe. And an air supply valve 26 whose operation timing is controlled by an on-off timer 226. The lower end of the air supply pipe 222 inserted into the pumped liquid pipe 10 constitutes a gas discharge port 224. The air supply tube 222 is positioned and fixed with respect to the liquid pumping tube 10 so that the discharge port 224 is at a position a higher than the liquid level H0 of the liquid source 30 and lower than the natural height Hv of the liquid column in the pressure reducing tube. Has been.

  In addition, the vacuum pumping apparatus shown in FIG. 9 is configured so that the internal flow path diameter of the pumping pipe 10 is constant as in the first embodiment. That is, in the third embodiment having a double-pipe structure, the inner diameter of the pumping pipe 10 and at least the outer diameter of the air feeding pipe 222 inserted into the pipe of the pumping pipe 10 are substantially constant in the extending direction of the pipe. It is configured.

  In the configuration of FIG. 9, one air supply tube 222 is inserted into the pumped liquid tube 10, but a plurality of air supply tubes 222 may be inserted, and a plurality of gas discharge ports are provided in one air supply tube 222. It is also possible to adopt the configuration described above. In any case, the gas discharge port of the air supply pipe 222 needs to be set at a position higher than the water surface H0 and lower than the liquid column natural height Hc in the vacuum pipe.

  In the vicinity of the upper end of the pump 10, a pump receiver 40 is provided as in the first embodiment. The difference from the pump receiving part 40 of the first embodiment is that, in the pump receiving part 40 of the third embodiment, the air feeding pipe 222 inserted into the pumped pipe 10 is connected to the pump receiving part 40 in the penetrating part 48. It is the point which is comprised so that the said liquid receiving part 40 can be penetrated, without impairing internal airtightness. In FIG. 9, the air supply pipe 222 is exposed to the outside of the pumping pipe 10 from the position of the upper end portion 10 b of the pumping pipe 10, extends straight upward, passes through the upper surface of the pumping liquid receiving part 40, and receives the pumping liquid receiver. It extends outside the portion 40. In addition, the air supply valve 26 is attached to the air supply pipe 222 outside the pumped liquid receiving unit 40, and its opening and closing is controlled by an on-off timer 226 provided outside the pumped liquid receiving unit 40. Here, the air supply pipe 222 is not limited to a configuration extending straight from the upper terminal portion 10b of the liquid pumping pipe 10 in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. The structure which penetrates the side surface of the receiving part 40 may be sufficient.

  In the vacuum pumping apparatus shown in FIG. 9, the flow path diameter in the pumped pipe is constant as described above. However, the double pipe structure according to the third embodiment has a flow in the pumped pipe as shown in FIG. It is good also as a structure where a path diameter changes on the way. The vacuum pumping apparatus shown in FIG. 10 is configured so that the flow path diameter of the upper pumping pipe 16 is smaller than the flow path diameter of the lower pumping pipe 14 as described in the second embodiment. More specifically, the inner diameter of the upper pumping pipe 16 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the lower pumping pipe 14 of the pumping pipe 10, and the outer diameter of the air feeding pipe 222 is constant.

  Further, the outer diameter of the air supply pipe 222 may be made larger than the outer diameter at a position lower than Hv at a position higher than the natural liquid height Hv in the vacuum pumped liquid pipe. The inner diameter of the upper pumping pipe 16 of the pumping pipe 10 may be made smaller than that of the lower pumping pipe 14, and the outer diameter of the air feeding pipe 222 may be enlarged at a position equal to or higher than the height Hv. As described in the second embodiment, the flow path diameter may be changed in one stage, in two or more stages, or continuously decreased.

  In the third embodiment, the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 can also employ the configuration shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B described in the first embodiment. Further, the gas check mechanism 280 described with reference to FIG. Specifically, this gas check mechanism is provided in the pumping pipe 10 at a position lower than the gas discharge port 224 of the air supply pipe 222 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 and higher than the suction port 10a. That's fine. By adopting the gas check mechanism 280 in the double pipe structure of the third embodiment, it is possible to prevent unnecessary lowering of the gas bubbles discharged downward from the gas discharge port 224 to the lifted pipe 10. Therefore, it is possible to improve the liquid pumping efficiency by lowering the gas discharge position Ha as close as possible to the liquid level H0 and increasing the pumping volume (volume of the upper liquid column divided by the gas bubbles). is there. Moreover, even if the pumping up from the shallow liquid source 30 or the insertion amount of the pumped-up pipe 10 below the liquid surface Ha is reduced, the pumping can be surely performed.

  In the third embodiment, by adopting the configuration in which the diameter of the pumping flow path is made smaller toward the top as shown in FIG. 10, as described in the second embodiment, the gas column liquid column is overtaken at a high position near the pumping limit. This makes it possible to improve the pumping efficiency and to pump the liquid at a high head that greatly exceeds Hv.

  Further, the pumping receiver 40 is omitted, and the pumping pipe 10 is folded in an inverted U shape at the upper part thereof as shown in FIG. 10B, and the pipe valve 72 and the vacuum pump 50 are connected to the folded part. It is also possible to employ a configuration in which the pumped liquid tank 60 communicated is connected. In this case, the air supply tube 222 may extend straight upward through the upper portion of the pumping pipe 10 so as not to break the airtightness in the pumping pipe. In the configuration of FIG. 10B, the check valve 280 may be disposed at a height below the gas introduction position Ha of the liquid pump 10 and above the suction port 10a.

  According to the double pipe structure according to the third embodiment described above, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, most of the gas introducing means 200 can be stored in the pumped pipe, so that the outer shape of the apparatus is Can be small. Therefore, even if the installation space of the device is large, such as deep underground, pumping up the liquid that is deeper than 20m and 30m as long as there is at least a space through which the pumping pipe 10 can pass. Can do. In addition, since the outer shape of the apparatus is small, it is convenient for conveying the apparatus, and the possibility of damage to the gas introducing means 200 during the conveyance can be reduced.

  Further, in the third embodiment, since the air supply pipe 222 is used by being disposed in the pumped liquid pipe, if the gas can be discharged at a predetermined position, the air supply pipe 222 is not required to have a particularly high strength. Therefore, the selection range of the constituent material of the air supply tube 222 is widened, which is advantageous for reducing the manufacturing cost. Further, the height of the gas discharge port, that is, the gas introduction position can be easily adjusted by adjusting the insertion length of the air supply tube.

  Next, the operation of the vacuum pumping apparatus according to the third embodiment will be briefly described. First, the pumping pipe 10 in which the air feeding pipe 222 is inserted is inserted into the liquid source 30 whose suction port 10a is at a lower position, the pipe line valve 72 and the air supply valve 26 are closed, and the vacuum pump 50 is driven. To do. After the air in the tank 60 is exhausted and the pressure decreases and becomes constant at a predetermined negative pressure, the pipe valve 72 is opened. Then, the pumping pipe 10 rapidly sucks the liquid from the liquid source 30, and the height of the liquid column pumped into the pumping pipe 10 corresponds to the natural height of the liquid column in the negative pressure (vacuum) pipe. It becomes about Hv. In addition, when the pipe valve 72 is opened, the pumped liquid 10 is instantaneously pumped, so that the inside of the air supply pipe 222 is filled with gas (for example, air) up to the vicinity of the gas discharge port. Yes.

  Next, the on-off timer 226 is operated to intermittently open the air supply valve 26 (for example, an opening time of 0.63 sec and a closing period of 10.01 sec). When the air supply valve 26 is opened, gas bubbles blow out from the gas discharge port of the air supply pipe 222. Since the air supply valve 26 is opened only for a short period of time and the vacuum pump 50 continues to operate, the pressure in the pipe once raised by blowing out the positive pressure gas bubbles causes the air supply valve 26 to close. Immediately return to the predetermined negative pressure.

  The blown gas bubbles once descend from the height Ha, but there is a pressure difference between the pressure (positive pressure) of the gas bubbles and the pressure near the Ha point in the pipe (negative pressure), and the gas bubbles have buoyancy. Since it is received and the gas bubbles are lighter than the liquid (water), it then begins to rise in the pump.

  The gas bubbles expand as they rise in the pumping pipe, and a plurality of intermittently discharged gas bubbles gather together as they rise, so that a shell-shaped gas bubble that occupies the inner diameter of the pumping pipe 10 eventually ( Slag flow) is formed, and this slag flow rises in the pumping pipe. By forming such a slag flow, the liquid column having a height of Hv before the gas bubbles are discharged is divided up and down by the generated slag flow.

  Since the liquid column having the natural height Hv in the decompression pipe is divided in the middle by the slag flow 34, the length of the upper side of the divided liquid column is smaller than Hv, for example. Accordingly, the water column having a height (length) less than Hv can rise in the pumped pipe in the negative pressure state. Furthermore, since the pressure in the pumping pipe 10 becomes closer to the vacuum pump 50 as it goes up, the pressure becomes lower, and as the slag flow rises in the pipe, it expands and the rising speed at its upper end increases.

  For this reason, once the slag flow is formed and the liquid column in the pipe is divided, the divided upper liquid is vigorously pushed upward by the slag flow where the pump receiving portion 40 and the like are provided. .

  Therefore, as a result, also in the present embodiment, the liquid is pumped up from the lower liquid source 30 to the position Hd higher than the height Hv, and is temporarily stored in the pump receiving part 40 or via the pump receiving part 40. It can be stored in the tank 60. As described above, the liquid is intermittently pumped by using the vacuum pump 50 at the head height Hd such as 20 m and 30 m which greatly exceeds the natural height Hv.

  In addition, in the decompression pumping apparatus of this Embodiment 3 and the said Embodiment 1 and 2, it is applicable also when solid is mixed with the liquid pumped up.

[Embodiment 4]
Next, a vacuum pumping apparatus according to Embodiment 4 will be described with reference to FIG. The fourth embodiment has a configuration in which the liquid pumped into the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 is refluxed. Specifically, the liquid pump connected to the bottom surface 42 of the pumped liquid receiving unit 40 and pumped up to the pumped liquid receiving unit 40 is supplied to the liquid source 10 as shown by the dotted line in FIG. It has returned to 30. The liquid pumping principle and pumping method are the same as in the above-described embodiment.

  The reflux structure of the present embodiment attaches the pumping pipe 10 of the vacuum pumping apparatus so as to be exposed on the wall surface of the building, and displays to the observer how the liquid and gas bubbles rise in the pipe of the pumping pipe 10. It can be used for decorative purposes. In addition, a pattern in which the transmittance or the like changes depending on the presence or absence of liquid in the pipe of the pumping pipe 10 may be provided, and a display function for displaying the pattern in a blinking manner when the liquid intermittently rises in the pipe of the pumping pipe 10 may be provided. it can. By using such a decoration function and display function, it is possible to decorate the outdoor height of 10, 20 m, 30 m or more and display an advertisement. In addition, since the pumping pipe 10 can have an outer diameter of about 2 cm to 5 cm, for example, it is possible to provide a decoration / display device that is very space-saving in the horizontal direction and is long in the vertical direction. Further, since only the vacuum pump 50 is required for power, novel decoration and display can be performed with very low power consumption.

  The diameter of the outlet of the pump receiving part 40 to the reflux pipe 74 (the diameter of the reflux pipe) is pumped up to the pumped liquid receiving part 40 when the decompression solution device is performing depressurization, gas introduction and liquid pumping. It is set so that all the liquid that has been discharged is not discharged through the reflux pipe 74. That is, the discharge amount is set to be smaller than the pumped liquid amount.

  Here, when adopting a configuration in which the reflux pipe 74 is connected in the middle of the pumping pipe 10, the diameter of the reflux port of the reflux pipe 74 is smaller than the inner diameter of the pumping pipe 10, and the gas bubbles and the gas bubbles The rapidly rising liquid column does not flow backward from the reflux port via the reflux pipe 74 or has a small diameter with little backflow. In addition, the reflux port of the reflux pipe 74 is connected so as to communicate with the lift pipe 10 at an angle that is orthogonal to or greater than an obtuse angle with respect to the rising direction of the liquid in the lift pipe 10. The liquid rising in the substantially vertical direction in which the pipe line extends does not flow back to the reflux pipe 74 or the degree of backflow can be reduced. The connection position of the reflux pipe 74 to the pumped liquid pipe 10 is not particularly limited as long as the position is lower than the bottom surface of the pumped liquid receiving portion 40.

  In the fourth embodiment, the gas introduction means 200 in FIG. 11 is similar to the first and second embodiments in that the gas is introduced into the pipe of the pumped liquid pipe 10 from the gas feed pipe 22 arranged outside the pumped liquid pipe 10 through the gas feed nozzle 24. The configuration to be introduced is adopted. Any of the above-described configurations may be employed for the air supply nozzle 24. Moreover, you may employ | adopt the double pipe structure of Embodiment 3 which inserted the air supply pipe | tube inside the liquid raising pipe | tube 10. FIG. It is also possible to employ a configuration in which the liquid flow path diameter of the pumped pipe 10 is smaller than the lower part at the upper position as in the second embodiment. A gas check mechanism 280 shown in FIG. 7 may be employed at a position below the gas introduction height Ha of the liquid pump 10.

  The pumped liquid receiving unit 40 can employ the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but in the fourth embodiment, the liquid tank can be omitted because it is less necessary to store a large amount of the pumped liquid. For this reason, a configuration is adopted in which the vacuum pump 50 is directly connected to the pumped liquid receiving unit 40 and the internal space of the pumped liquid receiving unit 40 and the inside of the pumped liquid pipe 10 are decompressed by the vacuum pump 50.

  In the case where the pumped solution is used as in other embodiments without being refluxed, the display function and the decoration function described in the fourth embodiment may be employed.

[Embodiment 5]
Next, a vacuum pumping apparatus according to Embodiment 5 will be described with reference to FIG. In the fifth embodiment, in any one of the vacuum pumping apparatuses described in the first to third embodiments, a compressor for pressurizing and using the liquid stored in the liquid tank 60 is further provided. FIG. 12 shows a schematic configuration of the entire apparatus using such a compressor 90. The configurations of the pumping pipe, the gas introduction means, the pumping receiver, and the like are the same as those in the above-described embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the configurations that are the same as those already described.

  Similarly to the above-described embodiment, the liquid tank 60 is connected to the liquid receiving portion 40 via the liquid feeding pipe 70 in which a pipe valve 72 is provided in the path. The liquid pumped up by the pumping pipe 10 from the pumping receiver 40 can be stored. In the fifth embodiment, a vacuum pump 50 is connected to the liquid tank 60 via an electromagnetic valve (electromagnetic three-way valve) 52, and a compressor 90 is connected via an electromagnetic valve (electromagnetic three-way valve) 92. Furthermore, in the fifth embodiment, the liquid tank 60 includes a pressure sensor 62 for monitoring the tank internal pressure, a liquid level sensor (water level sensor) 64 for monitoring the amount of liquid stored in the tank, and the liquid tank 60. There are provided an electromagnetic valve (electromagnetic opening / closing valve) 66 for controlling the delivery of the liquid, an air release valve 68a for the internal space, and a discharge valve 68b for discarding the unnecessary liquid.

  In the fifth embodiment, the control device 100 is supplied with electric power from the power source 110 and controls the vacuum pump 50 and the compressor 90, and the air supply valve 26 provided in the valves 52, 72, 92 and the air supply pipe 22. Controls the opening and closing timing. Further, the control device 100 monitors the internal pressure of the liquid tank 60 by the pressure sensor 62 and the liquid level by the liquid level sensor 64, and adjusts the pumping period and the pumping liquid use period according to the results, and the air supply valve. 26 opening period (gas introduction timing, gas introduction amount), opening period of liquid delivery valve 66 (liquid use amount) and the like are controlled.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 13 showing the operation timing waveform of the apparatus in addition to FIG. 12, the operation timing of each part of the decompression solution apparatus according to the fifth embodiment controlled by the control unit 100 will be described. When the power is turned on at the timing shown in FIG. 13A, the opening valve 68a is controlled to open as shown in FIG. 13X, and the internal space of the liquid tank 60 once becomes atmospheric pressure. When the timer (T5) for measuring the period T5 is started and the period T5 elapses (FIG. 13 (m)), the valve 68a is closed and the vacuum pump 50 is turned on as shown in FIG. 13 (b). Then, the decompression operation starts. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 13 (n), the valve 52 in the path of the vacuum pump 50 and the liquid tank 60 is controlled to close the atmosphere and open the path.

  As shown in FIG. 13C, the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 62 gradually decreases from the start of pressure reduction (in the figure, the pressure is expressed lower as the broken line rises), and a preset pressure ( As an example, if it exceeds -80 kPa), during the excess period, the pressure sensor 62 generates a target pressure reaching signal as shown in FIG. 13 (d), and outputs this signal to the control device 100. The determination to reach the target pressure may be performed by the control device 100 based on the pressure value supplied from the pressure sensor 62 as needed.

  When the target pressure arrival signal is generated, the conduit valve 72 is controlled to be switched from the closed state to the open state as shown in FIG. 13 (p), and at the same time, as shown in FIG. 13 (f), the period T4 is measured. A timer (T4) is started and the period T4 is measured.

  When the pipe valve 72 is opened, the pump receiving part 40 and the pumped pipe 10 are communicated with the liquid tank 60 that has been in a non-depressurized state, so that the pressure value is temporarily reduced as shown in FIG. Then, after rising slightly, it decreases again as the operation of the vacuum pump 50 continues. When this pressure value reaches the target pressure again, a target pressure reaching signal is output again as shown in FIG. When the target pressure is reached again and the elapse of the period T4 is measured, the pumping period starts as shown in FIG. Since the period from when the valve 72 is opened until the target pressure is reached again is substantially constant according to the apparatus configuration, a target pressure arrival signal is first generated as shown in FIG. A period T4 from the beginning to the start of pumping can be counted by a timer.

  When the pumping start period starts, an on-off timer (226 in FIG. 1) measures an opening period (T1) and a closing period (T2) of the air supply valve 26 as shown in FIG. 13 (h). The air supply valve 26 is controlled to be opened only during the opening period (T1) as shown in FIG. By such control, gas is introduced into the position of Ha of the pumping pipe 10 where the pressure is reduced and the liquid rises to the height of the natural height Hv only during the open period of the air supply valve 26, and the introduced gas bubbles are divided. The upper part of the liquid column is pumped up to the pumped liquid receiver 40. At this time, since the pipe line valve 72 is open as shown in FIG. 13 (p), the liquid pumped up from the pumped liquid receiving part 40 to the liquid tank 60 through the liquid feeding pipe 70 is sent.

  During normal operation, the discharge valve 68b in FIG. 12 is closed, so that the liquid sent intermittently gradually accumulates in the tank and the liquid level rises. When the liquid level becomes higher than the lower sensor 64d of the liquid level sensor 64, a lower limit liquid level detection signal is output from the lower sensor 64d as shown in FIG.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13J, when the air level reaches the position of the upper sensor 64u of the liquid level sensor 64 by repeatedly opening the air supply valve 26 as shown in FIG. The upper limit liquid level detection signal is output from the upper sensor 64u.

  When this upper limit liquid level detection signal is output, the pumping period ends as shown in FIG. 13 (g), the conduit valve 72 is switched to the closed state as shown in FIG. 13 (p), and FIG. As shown in FIG. 13, a closing control signal for the valve 52 is generated, and the valve 52 is closed as shown in FIG. 13 (n) to close the path between the vacuum pump 50 and the liquid tank 60.

  When the upper limit liquid level detection signal is output, the timer (T3) operates as shown in FIG. 13 (k), and the period T3 is measured. During this period T3, as shown in FIG. 13 (x), the air release valve 68a is opened, and the inside of the solution tank 60 is temporarily in the atmospheric pressure state. When the period T3 elapses, the air release valve 68a is closed again, and the valve 92 between the compressor 90 and the liquid tank 60 is opened as shown in FIG. Pressurized. At the same time, the valve 66 of the delivery pipe connected to the pressurized liquid ejecting mechanism such as a mist nozzle or a sprinkler is opened as shown in FIG. 13 (q). By connecting the compressor 90 to the liquid tank 60 and opening the valve 66, the liquid stored in the liquid tank 60 is pressurized and sent to the pressurized liquid ejection mechanism, where it can be used for spraying and spraying.

  When the liquid stored in the liquid tank 60 is used by spraying or the like as described above, the amount of liquid decreases and the liquid level decreases. When the liquid level is lowered to the position of the lower sensor 64d and a lower limit liquid level detection signal is output as shown by the falling edge of the signal in FIG. 13 (o), the valve 66 as shown in FIG. 13 (q). Is closed and the valve 92 is also closed as shown in FIG. 13 (r), and the use period of the pumped liquid ends.

  When the lower limit liquid level detection signal is output, as shown in FIG. 13 (m), the timer (T5) starts again, and when the elapse of the period T5 is measured, as shown in FIG. 13 (n). The valve 52 between the vacuum pump 50 and the liquid tank 60 is again opened. When the valve 52 is switched to the open state, the internal pressure of the liquid tank 60 starts decreasing again as shown in FIG. When the internal pressure detected by the pressure sensor 62 reaches the target pressure again, the liquid pumping operation as described above is executed.

  As described above, by efficiently switching between the liquid pumping operation and the liquid using operation, the liquid is pumped to the high level only by the vacuum pump 50 as the power source, and the compressor 90 is used from the liquid tank 60 disposed at the high level. Thus, the liquid can be supplied to the pressurized liquid ejecting mechanism. Note that the vacuum pump 50 can be connected to the compressor by switching the exhaust path of the vacuum pump 50 opened to the atmosphere at the time of decompression so as to be connected to the pressurized air supply path to the liquid tank 60 at the time of liquid pressurization. 90 can also be used.

[Embodiment 6]
FIG. 14 shows an example of a liquid spraying apparatus according to Embodiment 6 using the reduced pressure solution apparatus of Embodiment 5 described above. In the liquid spraying apparatus of FIG. 14, water is pumped from the liquid source 30 to the liquid tank 60 arranged at the upper level (for example, the roof of a building) by the pumping pipe 10, and the pumped water is sprinkled.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the watering device 400 is installed in, for example, a building 440 (for example, a high-rise building having a height exceeding about 30 m), and is used as watering for plants, watering for cooling or cleaning, and the like. Can do.

  For example, efforts are being made to install greening plants on the rooftop or building walls for the purpose of suppressing the heat island phenomenon, which has become a problem in recent years, but water can be sprayed using the spraying device 400 of the sixth embodiment. For example, it is possible to supply water to a greening plant installed at a high position of an eight-story or higher-rise building of about 30 m or more above the ground with an extremely simple configuration with low power consumption.

  Moreover, it is also easy to pressurize and spray the water pumped up by using the compressor 90 as in the fifth embodiment, and it is used as a mist cooler that sprays water from a mist nozzle and lowers the ambient temperature by heat of vaporization. You can also Further, by applying a photocatalyst paint or the like to the building surface and spraying water on the building surface by the watering device of the sixth embodiment, the building surface can be used for cleaning the building surface or cooling the building.

  Since watering in these applications may be performed intermittently, an extremely efficient watering device is realized by using a pumping device that intermittently pumps liquid from the liquid source 30 as in the present invention. Can do.

  Further, since the roof of the high-rise building 440 is also excellent in sunshine conditions, a solar panel is provided on the roof as shown in FIG. 14, and the electric power obtained by the solar panel is used as the electric power (control of the liquid spraying device of the present invention). If it is used as a power source for an apparatus, a vacuum pump, a compressor, etc., the liquid can be pumped up on the rooftop and the pumped liquid can be sprayed without using a commercial power source.

  In addition, by using the liquid pumped up by the pumping device of the present invention for cooling the solar panel, it is possible to suppress an increase in the temperature around the solar panel during power generation and the accompanying decrease in power generation efficiency. The solar panel may be cooled by a water-cooled radiator that circulates the pumped liquid on the back surface of the panel. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14, a panel pipe 412 is connected to a water supply pipe 410 connected to the liquid tank 60, and water is sprayed around the panel from a panel mist nozzle provided at the end of the pipe 412. Panel cooling may be performed.

  Similarly, water supply for greening plants to the roof and watering for cooling the roof can be performed from a mist nozzle connected to the water supply pipe 410 and a plurality of pipes 414 attached to the pipe 414.

  A wall surface pipe 416 is connected to the water supply pipe 410 to the building wall surface, and water can be sprayed from a plurality of mist nozzles attached to the end of the wall surface pipe 416. Here, as illustrated in FIG. 14, the wall surface pipe 416 is branched at an arbitrary height and fixed to the wall surface, and a plurality of nozzles are attached to the ends of the branch pipes to spray water from the nozzles. By doing so, water supply to the greening plant arranged on the wall surface, cleaning of the building surface, and cooling can be executed intermittently without the need for human intervention.

  FIG. 14 shows a pipe 418 that is connected to the water supply pipe 410 and extends to the lower level of the building. For example, the vicinity of the entrance of a building is a place where many people go in and out, and it is easy to feel the temperature difference from the outside temperature at high temperatures such as in summer. A pipe 418 is installed in such a place, and a mist is installed at the tip. If a nozzle is provided and water is sprayed, efficient outside air cooling can be performed.

  In addition, since the liquid tank 60 is installed at a very high position such as the roof of a building, the installation height of the liquid tank 60 is connected to the nozzle of the pipe 418 connected to the tank 60 and provided at a low position. The high water pressure corresponding to the height difference to the nozzle position of the pipe 418 can be automatically applied, and finer mist can be sprayed more stably.

  Next, a configuration example of another liquid spraying device will be described with reference to FIG. In the spraying device of FIG. 14, as described in the fifth embodiment, the compressor 90 is used to spray water from the pressurized liquid ejecting mechanism. However, in the liquid spraying device shown in FIG. 15, the compressor 90 is omitted. Yes. Therefore, the liquid spraying device shown in FIG. 15 does not inject pressurized mist, but uses the potential energy of the liquid pumped up to a high level and cools and sprays water while flowing this liquid efficiently to the lower level. Execute.

  Specifically, for example, when a solar panel is used as a power source, the cooling of the panel is performed by connecting a cooling pipe 422 to a water supply pipe 420 connected to the liquid tank 60 and bending the cooling pipe 422 to the back of the panel. Place and run.

  Further, a wall surface water pipe 426 that is connected to at least the lower part of the building and is provided with a plurality of water holes 426h in the middle is connected to the tip of the cooling pipe 422. When the solar panel is provided at substantially the same height as the liquid tank 60, the liquid discharged from the liquid tank 60 is unlikely to flow through the cooling pipe 422 located at the same height. However, by connecting a wall surface water pipe 426 connected to a lower position and having a water hole 426h, the liquid flowing downward can pass through this cooling pipe 422, and the target object such as a panel is automatically selected. Can be cooled. In addition, when water is sprayed on the roof surface approximately the same height as the liquid tank 60 on the same principle, the roof water sprinkling pipe 424 is connected between the water supply pipe 420 and the wall surface water sprinkling pipe 426 to provide a special Water can be automatically sprinkled on the roof without using power. In the example of FIG. 15, the roof water sprinkling pipe 424 is connected between the cooling pipe 422 and the wall surface water sprinkling pipe 426.

  The water supply to the plant does not need to be performed continuously as described above, and it is not necessary to spray water in a particularly fine mist form. Therefore, by using the liquid spraying apparatus shown in FIG. 15, water can be efficiently pumped by intermittently pumping water that is pumped intermittently and gently without damaging plants. Of course, it is possible to cool the route, and automatic wall surface cleaning using a photocatalyst paint or the like can also be performed by gradually flowing water over the wall surface.

  Here, in the upper right side of FIG. 15, an example of an enlarged structure of the meandering corner portion of the wall surface water sprinkling pipe 426 arranged to meander the wall surface (meander shape) is shown. In this structure, a cup-shaped water receiving portion 430 is provided at the corner, the upper pipe 426a is connected near the bottom of the water receiving portion 430, and water flowing from the upper pipe 426a flows into the water receiving portion 430. It has become.

  A lower pipe 426b is connected to the upper part of the side surface of the water receiving part 430. When water accumulates in the water receiving part 430 beyond this connection position, water flows into the lower pipe 426b. A water sprinkling hole 430h is provided at the bottom of the water receiving part 430, and water is stored in the water receiving part 430 to some extent during the period when water is supplied from the liquid tank 60 to the water receiving part 430. It has become. When the water supply is lost, the water flows out from the sprinkling holes 430h, so that the water is not always stored and the generation of pests such as mosquitoes can be prevented.

  By adopting such a corner structure, even in a region where the water pressure of the pumped water is low, that is, a relatively high position close to the liquid tank 60, the water is relatively distributed on the inclined portion of the wall surface water spray pipe 426. It flows slowly and it is easy to perform sufficient watering at these high positions. Of course, such a corner portion is not necessarily adopted, and the pipe may be simply bent. Alternatively, the siphon principle may be used to store water in the water receiving portion 430, and when the water is stored above a certain level, all the stored water may flow out through the lower pipe 426b. As an example, as illustrated in the lower right enlarged view of FIG. 15, the lower pipe 426 b is connected to the vicinity of the lower portion of the water receiving portion 430, and the lower pipe 426 b partially extends upward. It can also be realized by providing a U-shaped bent portion. With such a configuration, when a certain amount or more of water is stored in the water receiving portion 430, the water in the water receiving portion 430 flows out to the lower pipe 426b beyond the inverted U-shaped bent portion of the lower pipe 426b. Therefore, until the water flows out to the lower pipe 426b, the inside of the upper pipe 426a is filled with water, and water is sprayed onto the wall surface.

  FIG. 16 shows another configuration example of the liquid spraying apparatus of the sixth embodiment. FIG. 16A shows an example in which the liquid spraying apparatus according to the sixth embodiment is used to remove snow from a roof. Liquid that is pumped up by the vacuum pumping device of any of the above-described embodiments, where water sprinkling pipes and circulation pipes for melting snow are placed on the top of the roof with a slope, such as a gable roof, and the slope of the roof. Can be supplied.

  In FIG. 16A, the vacuum pump 50 is arranged on the roof. However, the pump 50 may be arranged near the ground to facilitate power supply in a general private house. In addition, if the volume of the liquid receiving part 40 is appropriate for the amount of water required for melting snow, the liquid tank 60 may be omitted and water may be supplied directly from the liquid receiving part 40 to the watering pipe or the circulation pipe. good. If it does in this way, it will be sufficient to arrange only a sprinkling pipe, a circulation pipe, and the liquid receiving part 40 on a roof, and attachment in a general private house will become very easy.

  In the case of the vacuum pumping apparatus according to the present invention, the liquid source 30 can be arbitrarily selected. As shown in FIG. 16A, as the liquid source 30, for example, a bucket or a bath in which hot water or hot water is stored. Etc. can be used. By inserting the pumping pipe 10 into these liquid sources 30 and operating the vacuum pump 50 to introduce gas into the pumping pipe 10, high temperature water can be sprayed and circulated on the roof, and the amount of water is small. Can efficiently melt snow and remove roof snow. Of course, it does not have to be hot water. Further, if the operation of the reduced pressure solution device is stopped, the pumped water will flow out and disappear in a short time, so that there is no risk of freezing in the pipe even if the device is installed.

  FIG. 16B uses the liquid spraying apparatus according to the present embodiment for melting snow on the road, watering on the road at high temperatures in summer, and irrigation for planting roadside trees. The installation location is not particularly limited, but for example, it can be used as a median strip on the road, so it does not hinder traffic, and it can be irrigated to the separation zone by planting or in a high position. The water pumped from the liquid source 30 can flow from a large number of median strips to the side of the road at a low position, so that it is possible to efficiently perform snow melting, water hitting, and the like. Moreover, if it is a median strip, the sunshine conditions are often excellent, and if a solar panel is used as a power source, there is no need to install a commercial power source. Further, the liquid tank 60 may be omitted, and water may be sprayed directly from the pumped liquid receiving portion 40 via a water spray pipe, or mist may be sprayed using a compressor.

  FIG. 17 shows an example of an application other than the liquid spraying device of the vacuum pumping device described in the above embodiments. As described above, the vacuum pumping apparatus of the present invention can pump together even if earth and sand are contained in the liquid. Therefore, the suction port 10a of the pumping pipe 10 is not only used for pumping up only groundwater such as liquid, but also in a liquid source 30a such as a lake including sludge having a high specific gravity such as sludge as shown in FIG. 17A. It can also be used in a dredge device that is inserted and pumps up muddy water into the liquid tank 60 via the pumped liquid receiver 40.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 17B, even if the liquid source 30a such as water remaining in the bottom of a large gas tank or the like in which a harmful gas or the like is filled, the person needs to work on the water surface. It can be pumped safely and easily with a high head. Further, even when the flammable gas is filled, it is only necessary to introduce the gas into the pumped liquid pipe 10, so that the liquid pumping process can be performed without igniting. In the case of an environment filled with flammable gas, in particular, if a double-pipe structure in which an air supply pipe is inserted into the pumped liquid pipe 10 is employed as shown in the third embodiment, the flammability in the gas tank is set. The pumping gas can be introduced into the pipe without touching the gas, and the safety can be further improved.

Example 1
An embodiment of a 30-meter head using the vacuum pumping apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described. In Example 1, this vacuum pumping apparatus was installed in an eight-story building and was executed using water as the liquid to be pumped.

  A water tank was installed on the floor of the first floor as the liquid source 30, and the liquid tank 60 was installed on the eighth floor (top floor). The upper end of the pumping pipe 10 was connected to a pumping receiver 40 fixed to the eighth floor ceiling. A suction pipe (inner diameter 25.4 mm, outer diameter 31.8 mm) was used as the pumping pipe 10, and a wire-filled pipe (inner diameter 12 mm, outer diameter 14 mm) was used as the air supply pipe 22. An electromagnetic open / close valve is used as the air supply valve 26 provided in the air supply pipe 22, and the valve 26 is automatically opened and closed by an ON-OFF timer 226, thereby controlling the time for sending air from the air supply nozzle 24. . As the air supply nozzle 24, a nozzle that discharges gas upward into the pipe of the pumped liquid pipe 10 by a gas rectifying fin shown in FIG. 4 was used. The specifications of the vacuum pump 50 were an exhaust speed of 50 L / min, an ultimate pressure of 0.1 Pa, and power consumption of 200 W.

  In the pumping experiment, first, the vacuum pump 50 was operated with the air supply valve 26 and the pipe valve 72 closed, and the valve 72 was opened after the internal pressure of the liquid tank 60 became −90 kPa or less. At this time, water is pumped almost instantaneously from the water surface H0 to a height of about 6 m in the pipe of the pumped liquid pipe 10.

  The inside of the air supply pipe 22 is filled with the atmosphere up to the vicinity of the air supply nozzle 24. The water level in the pumped pipe immediately before opening the air supply valve 26 is about 9.5 m. In other words, the maximum head when the inside of the pipe is simply depressurized by the vacuum pump 50 does not exceed this water level.

  In the first embodiment, the pumping experiment (Example 1-1) in which the air supply valve 26 is continuously opened and the pumping operation in which the ON-OFF timer (opening time: 8.3 seconds, closing time: 1 minute 3 seconds) is operated. Two cases of the experiment (Example 1-2) were carried out. During the experiment, the internal pressure of the liquid tank 60 and the amount of pumped liquid (weight of the liquid tank 60) were measured.

  FIG. 18 shows changes over time in the amount of pumped water and the vacuum pressure in Example 1-1 in which the air supply valve 26 is continuously opened. After 12 seconds of opening the valve, the pumping water reaches a position of 30 m, and about 0.8 L is pumped up for about 8 seconds until 20 seconds later. Thereafter, the pumping stops once, but pumping occurs again after about 30 seconds, and about 0.4 L is pumped for about 10 seconds until about 40 seconds later. After that, no water is pumped up. The pumped amount by one continuous opening was 1.28L. The vacuum pressure began to decrease upon reaching the pumped water 12 seconds later, gradually decreased to 40 seconds, and thereafter became substantially constant at about -40 kPa.

  FIG. 19 shows changes over time in the amount of pumped water and the vacuum pressure in Example 1-2 in which the ON-OFF timer was activated. (1) to (18) in the figure indicate the number of times the air supply valve 26 is opened. Similarly to Example 1-1, the pumped water reaches 30 m about 13 seconds after the first valve opening. The first pumping amount is 0.68 L, which is about half that of Example 1-1 which is continuously opened. The vacuum pressure once decreases when the valve is opened and recovers when the valve is closed. In the first to third opening, the vacuum pressure does not recover to the pre-opening vacuum pressure, and the vacuum pressure gradually decreases. After the fourth opening, the state of decreasing to -75 kPa when opening and recovering to -85 kPa when closing is repeated. During this time, the amount of pumping water per operation is 0.30 L / min, which is a steady state.

  After 15 minutes from the start of pumping, the amount of water pumped into the liquid tank 60 was about 4.5L.

  As described above, 30 m of pumping water by a vacuum pump was confirmed from the experiment of Example 1. As described above, the vacuum pumping apparatus according to the present invention is a simple facility, and can pump up liquid constantly if the electric power required to operate the vacuum pump can be ensured.

(Example 2)
Next, an example of a 30-meter head using the vacuum pumping apparatus shown in FIG. 8A described in the second embodiment will be described. The pumping pipe 10 is a single pipe as in the first embodiment, but the lower pumping pipe 14 has an inner diameter of 32 mm from the attachment position (≈Ha) of the air feeding nozzle 24 to a height of 14 m. From the position higher than 14 m to the end of the total lifting height of 30 m was the upper pumping pipe 16 (length: about 15 m), and the inner diameter was 25.4 mm. The other conditions such as the mounting conditions, the capacity of the vacuum pump 50 and the amount of introduced gas were the same as in Example 1-1, and a continuous gas introduction experiment (Example 2-1) was performed. Note that the water level in the pipe under the maximum reduced pressure was 9.44 m, and the gas introduction position Ha was 1.02 m from the water surface H0.

  FIG. 20 shows changes over time in the amount of pumped water and the vacuum pressure in Example 2-1, in which the air supply valve 26 is continuously opened. When the valve was opened about 24 seconds, the pumped water reached the position of 30 m, and about 2 L of water could be pumped up to 50 seconds later, after which there was not much change.

  FIG. 21 shows changes over time in the amount of pumped water and the vacuum pressure in Example 2-2 in which the ON-OFF timer was activated. (1) to (10) in the figure indicate the number of times the air supply valve 26 is opened. The opening time of the valve 26 was 15 seconds, and the sealing time was 1 minute 30 seconds. The first pumping amount is 1.1 L, which is about half that of Example 2-1 (2.0 L) that is continuously opened. The vacuum pressure once decreases when the valve is opened and recovers when the valve is closed. In the first and second opening, as in Example 1-2, the vacuum pressure before the opening was not recovered and the vacuum pressure gradually decreased. After the third opening, the state of decreasing to -70 kPa when opening and recovering to -85 kPa when closing is repeated. The amount of pumping after that is 0.35 L / min, which is almost steady.

  After 15 minutes from the start of pumping, the amount of water pumped into the liquid tank 60 was about 5.7L.

  In Example 2, as in Example 1, it can be understood that a high lift of 30 m and a beneficial amount of liquid are realized.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pumping pipe, 10a Pumping pipe suction port, 10b Upper end part of pumping pipe, 14 Lower pumping pipe, 16 Upper pumping pipe, 22 Air feeding pipe, 24, 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d Air feeding nozzle , 26 Air supply valve, 30 Liquid source (water source), 40 Pumped liquid receiving part, 42 Bottom surface of pumped liquid receiving part, 44 Upper surface of pumped liquid receiving part, 50 Vacuum pump (pressure reducing means), 60 Liquid tank, 70 Liquid feeding Pipe, 74 recirculation pipe, 100 controller of vacuum pumping apparatus, 200 gas introduction means, 222 air supply pipe, 224 gas discharge port, 240 nozzle housing, 244 gas rectifying fin, 280 gas check mechanism.

Claims (9)

A vacuum pumping device that pumps liquid from a liquid source at a low level to a high level via a pumping tube in which a suction port is inserted in the liquid source;
Pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure in the pumping pipe;
A gas that introduces a gas having a pressure higher than the reduced pressure in the lifted pipe into the lifted pipe at a position higher than the liquid level of the liquid source and lower than the natural height of the liquid column in the lifted pipe under reduced pressure. Introduction means;
A pumped liquid whose internal space can be depressurized by the pressure reducing means, and is provided in an upper end region of the pumped pipe and receives the pumped liquid that rises in the pumped liquid pipe and is discharged from the upper terminal portion of the pumped liquid pipe A receiving part,
In the internal space of the pumping receiver, the upper end of the pumping tube protrudes from the bottom surface of the pumping receiver, and the upper terminal of the pumping tube contacts the upper surface of the pumping receiver. Are arranged apart so as not to
The gas bubble introduced from the gas introduction means into the pumping pipe divides the liquid column continuous from the suction port in the pumping pipe up and down, and the gas bubble rising in the pumping pipe divides the upper liquid column. A vacuum pumping apparatus characterized in that the liquid column is pushed up and the liquid is pumped up to the pumping receiving portion higher than the natural height of the liquid column. The vacuum pumping apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
The vacuum pumping apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the pumped liquid receiving portion includes a surface that reflects pumped liquid discharged from the upper end portion of the pumped pipe in a direction in which the pumped liquid is separated from the upper end portion. In the vacuum pumping apparatus according to claim 1 or 2,
At least at a height position equal to or higher than the natural height of the liquid column, the pumping pipe has a region in which the flow path diameter is smaller than the flow path diameter of the pumping pipe at a position lower than the natural height of the liquid column. A vacuum pumping device. In the vacuum pumping apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-3,
A gas check mechanism is provided between the suction port of the pumping pipe and the gas introduction position to prevent leakage of gas bubbles introduced into the pumping pipe and leakage from the suction port into the liquid source. A vacuum pumping apparatus characterized by that. In the vacuum pumping apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-4,
The gas introduction means includes
A gas discharge port for penetrating the pumping pipe of the gas and discharging the gas into the pumping pipe at an introduction height of the gas having a pressure higher than the reduced pressure in the pumping pipe;
The gas discharge port is provided with a gas rectifying fin that receives a gas supplied from the outside of the pumped liquid pipe and discharges the gas from the inner peripheral wall side of the pumped pipe toward the inside of the pipe. Pumping device. In the vacuum pumping apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-4,
The gas introduction means is inserted from the upper part of the pumping pipe to the middle of the pumping pipe, and the gas discharge port is positioned higher than the liquid level of the liquid source and lower than the natural height of the liquid column. A decompression pumping apparatus comprising an air feed pipe having an insertion length positioned and capable of discharging gas from the gas discharge port into the pumping pipe. In the vacuum pumping apparatus as described in any one of Claims 1-6,
A liquid feed port provided on the bottom surface of the liquid receiving part is connected to a reflux pipe,
The lower end of the reflux pipe is inserted into the liquid source, or is communicated with the reflux outlet of the lift pipe provided at a position lower than at least the upper end of the lift pipe,
A reduced-pressure pumping apparatus characterized in that the liquid pumped to the pumped liquid receiving part is circulated as liquid pumped through the pumped liquid pipe from the liquid feeding port through the circulating pipe. A liquid spraying device using the vacuum pumping device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Directly from the pump receiving part or through the pump storage part that stores the liquid from the pump receiving part, the inside of which is reduced in pressure at a predetermined timing by the pressure reducing means and communicates with the pump pipe. A liquid spraying pipe through which the liquid pumped up by the liquid pipe is supplied to the internal flow path;
The pipe for spraying liquid is
A liquid outlet at either or both of the pipe end and the pipe path,
And, at least a part of the pipe is arranged along a direction from a high position where the liquid receiving part or the liquid storage part is arranged to a low position where the liquid source is arranged,
The liquid spraying apparatus, wherein the liquid discharged from the liquid discharge port is sprayed by flowing the liquid in the internal flow path toward the low position by a drop from the high position to the low position. A vacuum pumping device that pumps liquid from a liquid source at a low level to a high level via a pumping tube in which a suction port is inserted in the liquid source;
Pressure reducing means for reducing the pressure in the pumping pipe;
A gas that introduces a gas having a pressure higher than the reduced pressure in the lifted pipe into the lifted pipe at a position higher than the liquid level of the liquid source and lower than the natural height of the liquid column in the lifted pipe under reduced pressure. An introduction means,
At least at a height position equal to or higher than the natural height of the liquid column, the pumping pipe has a region in which the flow path diameter is smaller than the flow path diameter of the liquid pumping pipe at a position lower than the natural height of the liquid column,
The gas bubble introduced from the gas introduction means into the pumping pipe divides the liquid column continuous from the suction port in the pumping pipe up and down, and the gas bubble rising in the pumping pipe divides the upper liquid column. A vacuum pumping apparatus, wherein the liquid column is pushed up and the liquid is pumped to a level higher than the natural height of the liquid column.

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