JP2010193587A - Magnet magnetization device for rotors, and motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact magnet magnetization device for rotors which secures winding space, prevents leaked magnetic flux without dropping the efficiency of magnetization, and also generates high magnetic flux, and to provide a motor using the magnetization device. <P>SOLUTION: The magnetization device 1 includes a magnetizing yoke 2 and a magnetizing yoke winding 5, and magnetizes the magnet material 11 of a rotor 7, which is counterposed via space inside the magnetizing face of the magnetizing yoke 2, by applying a current to the magnetizing yoke winding 5. The number of teeth 3 of the magnetizing yoke is less than the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 7, and an angle θ by two adjacent teeth, which are used to magnetize one magnetic material 1, is determined to meet 360°/number of poles<θ. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor and a motor for magnetizing a magnet provided on a rotor of a permanent magnet type motor.

Conventionally, an IPM (Interior Permanent Magnet) motor in which a plurality of rotor magnets are embedded in a rotor is known.
FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of the rotor of the IPM motor. In the figure, 7 is a rotor, 8 is a shaft, 9 is a rotor core, 10 is a magnet material, 12 is a magnet insertion hole, 14 is an air hole, and B is an orientation direction. When magnetizing a rotor magnet of an IPM motor, a pre-magnetized magnet is inserted into the magnet insertion hole 12 of the rotor core, or an unmagnetized magnet material is inserted into the magnet insertion hole 12 and then a dedicated magnetizing device is used. Magnetized. When inserting a pre-magnetized magnet, it becomes difficult to insert due to the attractive / repulsive force of the magnet and the adhesion of iron powder on the surface of the magnet. The inserted rotor is installed in a magnetizing device so as to magnetize it.
FIG. 9 is a front sectional view of the first conventional magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor, and shows a state in which the rotor of FIG. 8 is mounted. In FIG. 8, the unmagnetized magnet material 10 of the rotor 7 is embedded in the magnet insertion hole 12 of the rotor core 9. After the magnet material 10 is magnetized, it has an orientation direction B, and the rotor 7 becomes a 10-pole rotor. In FIG. 9, the magnetized yoke 2 forms a magnetic path of magnetic flux generated when the magnetized yoke winding 5 is energized. The magnetic flux A generated from the teeth 3 enters the rotor core 9 and is magnetized by passing through the magnet material 10.
On the other hand, as a second prior art, in order to effectively use magnetic flux, a magnetizing method is proposed in which adjacent magnets are not magnetized simultaneously (for example, described in Patent Document 1).
FIG. 10 is a front sectional view of a magnetizing apparatus according to the second prior art. In the figure, 11 is a magnet material to be magnetized, and 13 is an unmagnetized magnet material adjacent to the magnet material 11 to be magnetized. When the magnet material 11 is magnetized, the magnet material 13 is not magnetized. After the magnet material 11 is magnetized, the magnet material 13 is moved to the position where the magnetic flux is generated, and the magnetized yoke winding is energized again. 13 is magnetized. This operation is repeated until all the magnet materials are magnetized. In this way, adjacent magnet materials can be magnetized effectively without using magnetic flux at the same time.

JP 2006-304556 A (page 9, FIG. 1)

Incidentally, in the first prior art magnetizing apparatus shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic flux generated from one tooth branches to a tooth adjacent to the tooth, and the amount of magnetic flux passing through the magnet material is half of the amount of magnetic flux generated from the tooth. Therefore, there is a problem that the magnetic flux necessary for magnetization is insufficient. Further, the second prior art magnetizing apparatus shown in FIG. 10 has a problem in that the leakage magnetic flux A ′ is generated in the teeth adjacent to the teeth generating magnetic flux, and the magnetization efficiency is lowered.
Furthermore, for example, when the magnet material is embedded up to the center of the rotor core, or as shown in FIG. 8, the air holes 14 for preventing leakage magnetic flux are provided inside the rotor core, the magnetic flux necessary for magnetization is reduced to the rotor core. There may be places where the magnet material near the center does not reach and cannot be completely magnetized. In such a case, in order to increase the amount of magnetic flux, it is necessary to increase the number of turns of the magnetized winding or increase the magnetizing current value.
Usually, since the conventional magnetizing device has the same number of teeth as the number of poles of the rotor, the winding space is determined by the number of poles, and the winding space becomes narrower as the number of poles increases. It was difficult to increase the number of turns. Also, when increasing the magnetizing current value, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the magnetizing yoke winding, so that it is necessary to increase the size of the magnetizing device in order to secure a winding space. was there.
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and is a compact rotor that generates a high magnetic flux that can secure a winding space and prevent leakage magnetic flux without lowering the magnetization efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a magnet magnetizing apparatus and a motor.

In order to solve the above problem, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a cylindrical magnetizing yoke having magnetized yoke windings is arranged on a plurality of teeth provided along the circumferential direction, and the teeth of the teeth are arranged. In the rotor magnet magnetizing apparatus that magnetizes the rotor magnet by energizing the magnetizing yoke winding by opposingly arranging the rotor magnet through an air gap inside, the number of teeth of the magnetizing yoke Fewer than the number of poles of the rotor magnet.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor according to the first aspect, the magnetizing yoke has at least one pair of substantially horseshoe-shaped portions having two teeth. It is characterized by.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor according to the first or second aspect, the magnetizing yoke is a partially cylindrical iron core formed by dividing a part of a cylinder along the axial direction. And a portion having the substantially horseshoe shape is provided in the divided iron core.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor according to the first or second aspect, wherein the magnetizing yoke is a partially cylindrical iron core formed by dividing a part of a cylinder along the axial direction. And a portion having the substantially horseshoe shape is provided in the divided iron core, and the remaining portion of the cylinder excluding the divided iron core is made of a non-magnetic material.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor according to the second aspect, the angle formed by the two adjacent teeth is used to magnetize at least one of the rotor magnets. It is characterized in that θ is 360 degrees / number of poles <θ.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the magnet magnetizing apparatus for rotor according to the second or fifth aspect, the teeth of the magnetized yoke are tapered.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor according to the first aspect, the energization of the magnetized yoke winding and the operation of moving the unmagnetized rotor magnet to the magnetic field generation position are alternately performed. Repeatedly, all the rotor magnets are magnetized.
The invention described in claim 8 is characterized by a motor including a rotor magnet magnetized by the rotor magnet magnetizing apparatus described in any one of claims 1-7.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the winding space can be widened, and the magnetic flux generated by the magnetizing device can be increased.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the winding space can be widened, the magnetic flux generated by the magnetizing device can be increased, and the leakage magnetic flux that is not necessary for the magnetizing can be reduced.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of magnets can be magnetized at a time, the magnetizing time can be shortened.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the magnetic flux leakage can be prevented and the position of the magnetizing yoke can be accurately fixed, variations in magnetization can be suppressed.
According to the invention described in claim 5, the winding space can be widened, and the magnetic flux generated by the magnetizing device can be increased.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the magnetic saturation of the magnetizing yoke can be relaxed, and the amount of magnetic flux generated by the magnetizing device can be increased.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, all the rotor magnets can be magnetized by routine repetitive operations of energizing the magnetized yoke winding and rotating the rotor.
According to invention of Claim 8, the motor provided with the magnet for rotors which has the effect acquired by the magnet magnetization apparatus for rotors of any one of Claims 1-7 can be provided.

Sectional drawing of the magnet magnetizing apparatus for rotors which shows 1st Example of this invention Partial front sectional view of rotor magnet magnetizing apparatus showing a second embodiment of the present invention Front sectional view of a magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention Front sectional view of a magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention Front sectional view of a magnet magnetizing apparatus for rotors showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention It is a top view of the magnetic steel sheet which shows the punching shape of a magnetizing yoke, (a) is a ring shape, (b) is a horseshoe shape It is front sectional drawing of the magnetizing apparatus which shows 7th Example of this invention, (a)-(e) showed the magnetization process from the 1st electricity supply to the 5th time in order, respectively. Front sectional view of rotor of IPM motor FIG. 9 is a front sectional view of the magnet magnetizing apparatus for rotor according to the first prior art, showing a state in which the rotor of FIG. 8 is mounted. Front sectional view of magnet magnetizing apparatus for rotor of second prior art

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor magnet magnetizing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
In the magnetizing apparatus 1 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of teeth that are basically composed of a magnetizing yoke 2 and a magnetizing yoke winding 5 and are provided along the circumferential direction of the magnetizing yoke 2. The configuration in which the magnetized yoke winding 5 is concentratedly wound around the same as that of the prior art is the same.
The present invention differs from the prior art in FIG. 1 in that the number of teeth 3 of the magnetized yoke 2 is smaller than the number of magnet members 10 of the rotor 7 to be magnetized and the winding space is widened. The point is to increase the number of turns. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the magnetized yoke 2 has a mechanical angle formed by combining two teeth 3 adjacent to the yoke to form a pair of portions (S in FIG. 1) that are formed of a substantially horseshoe shape. The two are arranged opposite to each other at 180 degrees.
Here, FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the electromagnetic steel sheet showing the punched shape of the magnetized yoke. The magnetized yoke 2 is formed by punching the plate 22 from the electromagnetic steel sheet 21 as shown in FIG. The magnetic pole is constituted by the slot 4 formed between the teeth 3 in the magnetized yoke 2 that is manufactured by laminating the plates 22 and is obtained from the laminated plate after punching.
Next, the magnetization method will be described.
In FIG. 1, a rotor 7 is installed inside the magnetic pole surface of the magnetized yoke 2 through a gap, and a magnetic flux is generated by energizing the magnetized yoke winding 5 to magnetize the magnet material 10. With respect to energization to the magnetized yoke winding 5, two teeth are formed as one set of magnetic poles, and energization is performed so that the magnet material is magnetized in the orientation direction B shown in FIG. In the drawing, the energization direction C1 indicates the direction in which the current goes from the front to the back of the paper, and the energization direction C2 indicates the direction opposite to C1. In this case, the magnetic flux A flows in the direction of the arrow, and the magnet material 11 to be magnetized is magnetized.
As shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10, in the conventional magnetized yoke, since the same number of teeth as the number of poles of the rotor are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the angle formed between adjacent teeth is 360 degrees / The number of poles. For this reason, the space of the slot 4 is limited by the number of poles, and it becomes difficult to increase the number of turns. In particular, as the number of poles increases, the winding space becomes narrower, so that the number of turns cannot be increased and magnetization becomes difficult.
On the other hand, in the present invention, in order to increase the slot space, the number of teeth is made smaller than the number of poles of the rotor, the teeth 3 are inclined, and the angle formed between adjacent teeth is made larger than 360 degrees / number of poles. Yes. Furthermore, leakage magnetic flux can be reduced by omitting teeth that are not necessary for magnetization.
Regarding the number of magnetic poles of the magnetizing yoke, in order to prevent the rotational force generated at the time of magnetizing, the number of magnets magnetized at one time is an even number and magnetized in the clockwise and counterclockwise directions in the circumferential direction. It is desirable to determine the number of magnetic poles so that the number of each magnet is equal. Therefore, in this embodiment, the magnetized yoke has two magnetic poles.

FIG. 2 is a partial front sectional view of a magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the magnetized yoke 2 has a substantially horseshoe shape in which one magnetic pole (for two teeth) is divided on the circumference. Specifically, with respect to the magnetized yoke shown in the first embodiment, a part of the cylinder is constituted by a partially cylindrical iron core that is divided along the axial direction (perpendicular to the plane of the paper). The part which consists of this horseshoe shape was provided in the split iron core. The magnetized yoke 2 is manufactured by laminating a plate 22 punched from an electromagnetic steel plate 21 as shown in FIG.
Since the second embodiment has the above-described configuration, the electromagnetic steel sheet can be used more effectively than the magnetized yoke of the first embodiment. In addition, since there is no magnetic body around the magnetic pole, leakage magnetic flux can be prevented.

The third embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in that a plurality of magnetized yokes of FIG. 2 are arranged in a circumferential direction in a housing (not shown) and molded. is there.
Since the third embodiment has the above-described configuration, a plurality of rotor magnets can be magnetized simultaneously with one energization, so that the magnetizing time can be shortened.

FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of a magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 6 is a non-magnetic material.
The fourth embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments in that the magnetizing yoke 2 has a part of a cylinder along the axial direction instead of the entire circumferential yoke shape as in the first embodiment. A portion formed of a partially cylindrical iron core that is divided, a portion having a substantially horseshoe shape is provided in the divided iron core, and the remaining portion of the cylinder excluding the divided iron core is formed of a nonmagnetic material 6 It is. Specifically, in the partial cylindrical iron core, two magnetizing yokes 2 are arranged at symmetrical positions different from each other by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction, and two nonmagnetic bodies 6 are arranged between the magnetizing yokes 2. It is the structure which pinches | interposes. Further, the magnetizing yoke 2 and the nonmagnetic material 6 are integrally stored in a housing (not shown) and molded to constitute a magnetizing device.
Since the fourth embodiment is configured as described above, the magnetic pole position of the magnetizing yoke can be accurately fixed, so that uneven magnetization can be prevented. Moreover, since a non-magnetic material is used in addition to the yoke portion 2, leakage magnetic flux can be prevented.

FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of a magnet magnetizing apparatus for rotors showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 4, 3 is a tooth.
The fifth embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that the angle θ formed by two adjacent teeth used to magnetize one pole of the rotor magnet is larger than 360 degrees / pole number. It is.
Since the fifth embodiment is configured as described above, the winding space can be increased and the number of turns can be increased by tilting the teeth with respect to the rotor magnet as compared with the fourth embodiment.
For example, if the angle formed by two teeth is 360 degrees / pole as in the magnetized yoke shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the winding can be wound only four turns, but the magnetized yoke shown in FIG. Thus, the winding space can be expanded and the winding can be wound up to 7 turns.

FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a magnet magnetizing apparatus for rotors showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, the sixth embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that the teeth 3 are tapered and the teeth width is widened within a possible range of winding.
Since the sixth embodiment has the above configuration, the magnetic saturation of the teeth under a high magnetic flux density can be relaxed, and the magnetic flux can be increased.
Increasing the number of turns of the magnetized yoke winding increases the inductance and increases the voltage drop. Therefore, when the number of turns exceeds a certain number, the magnetizing current decreases. Therefore, in this embodiment, instead of increasing the number of turns to increase the magnetic flux, the magnetic flux is increased by relaxing the magnetic saturation of the magnetized yoke.
The optimum values of the taper angle and the angle formed by the two teeth are determined by calculating the saturation of the magnetized yoke and the inductance of the magnetized yoke winding using magnetic field analysis.

FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of a magnetizing apparatus showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) to (e) show the magnetizing processes from the first energization to the fifth energization, respectively. It is.
In the figure, 11 is a magnet material to be magnetized, and the hatched magnet material is magnetized in the direction of arrow D. In the magnetizing apparatus, the rotor magnet is magnetized by the magnetizing yoke from the first to the fifth energization, but after the energization is completed, the rotor 7 is rotated by two magnet members in the direction of arrow E, and the magnet is not magnetized. The magnet material is magnetized. This operation is repeated until all the magnet materials are magnetized, either manually or by a machine automation system.

  Even when magnetizing a rotor magnet of a permanent magnet type motor other than an IPM motor, the magnetic flux is applied in the same manner as in the case of an IPM motor. Can do.

1 Magnetizer 2 Magnetized yoke 3 Teeth 4 Slot 5 Magnetized yoke winding 6 Non-magnetic material 7 Rotor 8 Shaft 9 Rotor core 10 Magnet material (magnet for rotor)
11 Magnet material 12 to be magnetized 12 Magnet insertion hole 13 Magnet material 14 not to be magnetized Air hole 21 Magnetic steel plate 22 Plate A after punching Magnetic flux A 'Leakage magnetic flux B Orientation direction C1 Direction from the front to the back of the paper C2 Back of the paper Direction D from front to front D Magnetization direction E Moving direction S of rotor after energization S

Claims (8)

A cylindrical magnetizing yoke having a magnetizing yoke winding is arranged on a plurality of teeth provided along the circumferential direction, and a rotor magnet is arranged inside the teeth so as to face each other, and the magnetizing is performed. In a rotor magnet magnetizing apparatus that magnetizes the rotor magnet by energizing a yoke winding,
The magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor, wherein the number of teeth of the magnetizing yoke is smaller than the number of poles of the rotor magnet.   2. The magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetizing yoke has at least one pair of substantially horseshoe-shaped portions provided with two teeth.   The magnetized yoke is constituted by a partially cylindrical iron core obtained by dividing a part of a cylinder along an axial direction, and a portion having the substantially horseshoe shape is provided in the divided iron core. Item 3. A magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor according to item 1 or 2. The magnetized yoke is constituted by a partially cylindrical iron core obtained by dividing a part of a cylinder along the axial direction, and a part having the substantially horseshoe shape is provided in the divided iron core,
3. The magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor according to claim 1, wherein the remaining portion of the cylinder excluding the divided iron core is made of a non-magnetic material. 4.   3. The rotor according to claim 2, wherein the rotor is used to magnetize at least one of the rotor magnets, and an angle θ formed by the two adjacent teeth is 360 degrees / pole number <θ. Magnet magnetizing device.   6. The magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor according to claim 2, wherein teeth of the magnetizing yoke are tapered.   The magnetizing is performed on all the rotor magnets by alternately repeating the operation of energizing the magnetized yoke winding and moving the unmagnetized rotor magnet to a magnetic field generation position. The magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor of description.   A motor comprising a rotor magnet magnetized by the magnet magnetizing apparatus for a rotor according to claim 1.

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