JP2010190739A - Method for measuring shape of object - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for measuring degradation of an object capable of easily and inexpensively measuring degradation of the object. <P>SOLUTION: A measured object 5 to be measured is defined, the shape of the defined measured object is taken using a resin 15, then the resin 15 for taking the shape is cut at an optional site to be measured, the cross-sectional portion of the resin 15 is directly read by a two-dimensional scanner 25, and the shape of the cross-sectional portion by image analysis is measured. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for measuring the shape of an object, for example, a method for measuring the shape of a reinforcing bar of an existing structure.

  For example, a structure called reinforced concrete corrodes the structure itself and the steel used for the structure due to deterioration over time. In conducting a strength test of a structure, a corrosion investigation (shape measurement investigation) of steel (rebar) used in the structure is indispensable.

  As a technology related to this kind of corrosion investigation (evaluation), (1) a method of suspending concrete in an existing structure and exposing the rebar and visually evaluating it (2) suspending a concrete in an existing structure and exposing the rebar Conventionally known are methods for measuring and evaluating the cross-sectional dimensions of reinforcing bars using calipers, and (3) methods for measuring and evaluating the weight of reinforcing bars that are to be inspected by collecting concrete from existing structures. It has been. However, (1) is not significant data for performing a proof stress diagnosis, (2) is inaccurate and causes a particularly large error when obtaining the cross-sectional area of a corroded irregular shaped reinforcing bar, and does not become significant data. (3) There is a problem that the work becomes complicated and the structure is damaged.

  In order to solve such a problem, recently, for example, a method of measuring the shape of a reinforcing bar with a laser shape measuring instrument has been proposed. Although this measurement method can measure with high accuracy, in addition to the problem that the apparatus is expensive, it is difficult to measure a narrow place such as a hanging part. Therefore, since it becomes the measurement which extract | collects the reinforcing bar used as a measuring object, there exists a problem similar to said (3).

  On the other hand, a technique for measuring a reinforcing bar without collecting the reinforcing bar is disclosed (see Patent Document 1). In the method of Patent Document 1, a reinforcing bar is molded with a non-shrinkable epoxy resin or a non-foamed urethane resin, and another resin is poured into the molded resin as a mold to create a replica of the reinforcing bar. It measures with (laser measuring device).

JP 2007-263924 A

  Although the reinforcing bar measuring method described in Patent Document 1 can be measured with high accuracy, the three-dimensional scanner is expensive, and the resin used is disposable, so the running cost is expensive.

  In addition, since replicas are made from molded resin, there are problems such as complicated work, long working time, and heavy burden on the operator.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an object deterioration measurement method and the like that can easily measure object deterioration without cost.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the object shape measuring method according to claim 1 specifies an area to be measured of an existing structure, presses a softened thermoplastic resin against the area, and After the resin is cured, the thermoplastic resin is taken out from the region, and the cured thermoplastic resin is cut at an arbitrary position, and the cut cross-sectional portion is read with a two-dimensional image acquisition device, and the shape of the cross-sectional portion is determined. It is characterized by measuring.

  Further, the object shape measuring method according to claim 2, the concrete of the existing structure is suspended, the reinforcing bar to be measured is specified, the concrete pieces and rust adhering to the reinforcing bar are removed, and the entire reinforcing bar is removed. The periphery is exposed, each of the two half-shaped housings is filled with a thermoplastic resin, the two housings filled with the thermoplastic resin are assembled on the outer periphery of the reinforcing bar, and after the thermoplastic resin is cured, The thermoplastic resin cured by cutting the thermoplastic resin along the boundary between the two housings is taken out, and the cured thermoplastic resin is cut at an arbitrary position, and the cut cross-sectional portion is obtained by a two-dimensional image acquisition device. The shape of the cross section is measured by reading.

  The object shape measuring method according to claim 3 is the object shape measuring method according to claim 2, wherein the bottom surface and the cut surface of the cured thermoplastic resin that has been shaped are sealed, and the shape is shaped. A liquid is injected into the inside of the thermoplastic resin, and the volume is obtained from the mass of the liquid.

  In addition, the object shape measuring method according to claim 4 specifies an incidental facility including a metal portion to be measured for an existing structure, removes rust attached to the incidental facility, and softens the thermoplastic. Resin is pressed against the incidental equipment, and after the thermoplastic resin is cured, the thermoplastic resin is taken out from the incidental equipment, and the cured thermoplastic resin is cut at any location including the metal part, and the cut The cross-sectional portion is read by a two-dimensional image acquisition device, and the shape of the cross-sectional portion is measured.

  Further, the object shape measuring method according to claim 5 specifies an area to be measured for a planar existing structure, and attaches a transferable mark to the existing structure in the area to soften it. Pressing the thermoplastic resin against the region, after curing the thermoplastic resin, take out the thermoplastic resin having the mark transferred from the region, cut the cured thermoplastic resin based on the mark, The cut cross-sectional part is read by a two-dimensional image acquisition device, and the shape of the cross-sectional part is measured.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and accurately measure the shape (cross-sectional shape) of an object to be measured. Moreover, according to this invention, it can utilize for the measurement of the surface unevenness | corrugation by corrosion of the steel material surface of a steel structure or a plant other than the measurement of the cross section of the corroded reinforcing bar in a reinforced concrete structure.

It is a process figure which measures the shape of the corrosion reinforcement of an existing structure. It is a figure for demonstrating the measuring method which measures the uneven | corrugated shape of the surface of the existing structure. It is a process figure which measures the corrosion shape of the incidental equipment of an existing structure.

  Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described.

1. Outline of Embodiment The object shape measurement method of this embodiment is a method of measuring a cross section of an object to be measured. The shape measurement method of the object specifies a measurement object to be measured, molds the specified measurement object using a resin, and then cuts the molded resin at an arbitrary position to be measured, The cross section of the resin is directly read by a two-dimensional image acquisition device such as a flat head scanner (two-dimensional scanner), and the shape of the cross section is measured by image analysis.

  The resin used in this embodiment is a thermoplastic resin. In the present embodiment, a polyethylene resin is preferably used, but a polypropylene resin, a polyvinyl chloride resin, a polystyrene resin, or the like can also be used.

  As described above, the cross-section measurement method of this embodiment uses a thermoplastic resin, so that the workability in measuring the shape of the object is good, and the cost for measurement can be reduced. This is because the thermoplastic resin can be easily cut with a cutter or the like at room temperature and can be reused any number of times by heating.

  In addition, since the cross-sectional measurement method of this embodiment reads a cut portion with a two-dimensional scanner and measures the shape of the cross-sectional portion, the cross-sectional measurement method can be measured with high accuracy and has good workability when measuring the shape of an object. Cost can be reduced. This is because there are many inexpensive and accurate products available for two-dimensional scanners, and many two-dimensional image analysis for measuring the shape of the cross-sectional portion is currently available for many very inexpensive analysis software.

  Next, more specific examples of the object shape measurement method of the present embodiment will be described separately in Examples 1 to 3.

2. Example 1
This embodiment is a method for measuring the reinforcing bars of an existing structure. The object shape measuring method of the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a process diagram for measuring the shape of a corroded reinforcing bar of an existing structure.

  First, as shown to Fig.1 (a), the concrete 2 of an existing structure is suspended, and the reinforcement 5 used as a measuring object is exposed. And in order to take the concrete piece and rust adhering to the reinforcing bar 5, a wire cup brush is attached to a rechargeable hand drill etc., for example, and the rust and concrete piece adhering to the surface of the reinforcing bar 5 are removed. This work exposes the entire circumference of the rebar.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), a thermoplastic resin 15 (hereinafter referred to as “housing 10”) in a half-divided aluminum cylindrical housing (hereinafter simply referred to as “housing 10”) used for shaping the reinforcing bars 5. , Simply referred to as “resin”) and heated by the heating device 20 to soften the thermoplastic resin 15.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the housing 10 filled with the resin 15 is sandwiched from the left and right (or front and rear) of the reinforcing bar 5 to be measured, and the state is maintained until the resin 15 is cured. . It was confirmed that the resin 15 was cured in a rubber shape when the temperature was about 40 ° C. or lower.

  In this embodiment, it has been confirmed that the housing 10 does not fall even if the hand is released from the housing 10. However, a fixing device that fixes the housing 10 to the outer periphery of the housing 10 so as not to move may be used as a precaution. I do not care. Note that the fixing device may be a band or the like.

  As described above, in this embodiment, by using the half-shaped housing 10 for shaping the resin 15, the work can be easily performed even in a place where the suspended portion is narrow, so that the burden on the operator can be reduced. The shape of the housing 10 is not limited to a half-divided cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. That is, the shape of the housing 10 may be a rectangular tube shape, and may be divided into a plurality (for example, divided into three) in the vertical direction. It is only necessary that the worker can easily perform the remodeling work of the reinforcing bar 5 with the thermoplastic resin 15 without removing the reinforcing bar 5.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 (c) and 1 (d), after the resin 15 is cured, the cured resin 15 is cut by inserting a cutter along the boundary 10 a between the housings 10, and the reinforcing bar 5 is cut. The resin 15a in which the shape of the reinforcing bar 5 is shaped is taken out.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (e), the bottom surface and cut surface of the molded resin 15a are sealed, a liquid (for example, water) is injected up to the top surface, and the volume is determined from the mass of the injected liquid. Thereby, the corrosion rate etc. of the reinforcing bar 5 can be measured using a computer.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (f), the resin 15a is cut at an arbitrary cross section, and an image (cross section image) of the cut resin 15b is read by a two-dimensional scanner 25, and a computer equipped with image analysis software is used. Then, the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing bar 5 is measured.

  The computer includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) having an arithmetic function, a working RAM, a nonvolatile memory, and a ROM that stores various processing programs and data. Then, when the CPU executes an image analysis processing program stored in, for example, a ROM (starts an image analysis processing application), the cross-sectional shape (Example 1), roughness distribution, and wear of the object to be measured such as the reinforcing bar 5 The degree (Example 2 described later) is measured.

  In this embodiment, the resin 15 is naturally allowed to harden. However, the hardening time can be shortened by cooling the entire housing 10 with cold water or ice.

  According to such a measurement method, it is possible to easily measure the accurate shape of the reinforcing bar of the existing structure and estimate the degree of corrosion.

  Next, an example of the measuring apparatus used in the above method will be described.

  First, the housing 10 used for shaping of the reinforcing bar 5 is obtained by dividing cylindrical aluminum into two in the vertical direction. In addition, the heating device 20 includes a heater 21 and can heat the halved housing 10 by the heater 21 as shown in FIG. After the resin 15 is placed in the housing 10 and heated and then the resin 15 is softened, the surface of the resin 15 is shaped (prepared so that the surface becomes flat) using a flat plate or the like. In this example, the resin 15 was softened with a resin surface temperature of 90 ° C. in 15 minutes from the start of heating.

  Here, the significance of the results measured in this example was verified. This verification is based on the measured value of the cross-sectional shape measured by using image analysis software from the scanner image when the resin shaped by this example is cut at an arbitrary part, and the actual value measured with the caliper at the same location. And compared. This verification was performed at a plurality of locations of the reinforcing bars (arbitrary three portions each having a node and a portion having no node). As a result, the error of the area was 2.3% at the maximum and the diameter was 1.5% at the maximum, so that the measurement accuracy in this example was high, and it was confirmed that the practically sufficient accuracy could be obtained.

3. Example 2
This embodiment is a technique for measuring the uneven shape on the surface of an existing structure. The object shape measuring method of this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a measurement method for measuring the uneven shape on the surface of an existing structure.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2A, the region R to be measured on the surface of the existing structure 50 is specified.

  Next, for example, a wire cup brush is attached to a rechargeable hand drill or the like, and paint or rust adhering to the region R to be measured is removed. Note that this step is not necessary when the region R to be measured does not include rust (metal part) or paint. In such a case, it is only necessary to remove dust and the like in the region R.

  Next, the thermoplastic resin 15 is heated by a heating device to soften the thermoplastic resin 15.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the thermoplastic resin 15 is spread and placed on a flat aluminum plate 55 used for shaping, pressed against the region R to be measured, and the thermoplastic resin 15 is cured. Hold that state until you do. In the case of measuring the uneven shape of a part of the surface of the existing structure, it is difficult to specify the position of the specified region or the position of the cross section to be measured later. Before pressing the thermoplastic resin 15, it is preferable to draw (mark) a measurement line 57 with a pencil or a colored pen at a place where measurement is particularly necessary (for example, a place where wear is severe). In this way, as shown in FIG. 2B, the line (mark) 57 is transferred (transferred) to the shaped thermoplastic resin 15, so that the mold is obtained in a wide range of measurement. It is easy to specify the position. In addition, a cross section to be cut (cross section to be measured) can be easily specified by the measurement line 57. As a result, according to the present embodiment, the measured region R can be easily specified, and the uneven shape of the surface to be measured can be accurately measured.

  Next, after the thermoplastic resin is cured, the thermoplastic resin whose shape of the measurement location is shaped is taken out from the aluminum plate.

  Next, the resin is cut at an arbitrary cross section, an image (cross-sectional image) of the cut resin is read by a two-dimensional scanner, and a cross-sectional shape such as an unevenness depth is measured using image analysis software.

  Note that a commercially available hot plate was used as the heating apparatus used in this example.

  According to such a measuring method, the roughness distribution of the region R to be measured can be measured using a computer. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the degree of wear can be estimated from the roughness distribution using a computer.

4). Example 3
This embodiment is a technique for measuring incidental facilities of existing structures. The object shape measuring method of the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a process diagram for measuring the corrosion shape of an incidental facility of an existing structure.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), for example, a wire cup brush is attached to a rechargeable hand drill or the like, and incidental equipment 30 (a metal part such as a bolt 31, a nut 32, a pipe 33, etc.) provided in an existing structure. ) Remove rust, etc. adhering to the paint.

  Next, the thermoplastic resin 15 is heated by a heating device to soften the thermoplastic resin 15.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the thermoplastic resin 15 is accommodated in a container 35 made of, for example, aluminum foil, and the incidental equipment 30 to which the thermoplastic resin 15 is to be measured is measured. The state is pressed against the region 30a to be measured, and the state is maintained until the thermoplastic resin 15 is cured.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, after the thermoplastic resin 15 is cured, the thermoplastic resin 15 in which the shape of the measurement location (the region 30a to be measured) is shaped is taken out.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3C, the thermoplastic resin 15 is cut at an arbitrary cross section, and an image (cross-sectional image) of the cut thermoplastic resin 15c is read by a two-dimensional scanner, and image analysis software is provided. Measure cross-sectional shape such as unevenness depth using a computer.

  In this example, the cross section was cut so as to pass through the diameter of the anchor bolt. Moreover, as a heating apparatus used in the present example, a commercially available hot plate was used.

  According to such a measuring method, it is possible to easily measure a cross section of a member having a complicated shape such as the incidental equipment 30 provided in the existing structure. Further, the degree of corrosion of each member can be estimated from the measurement result.

  In addition, this application is not limited to this embodiment, It can implement in a various form. For example, instead of the two-dimensional scanner 25 used in the present embodiment, a device (two-dimensional image acquisition device) that can acquire a two-dimensional image as data, such as a digital camera, may be used.

5 Reinforcing Bar 10 Housing 15 Thermoplastic Resin 20 Heating Device 25 2D Scanner 30 Attached Equipment

Claims (5)

Identify the area to be measured for existing structures,
Press the softened thermoplastic resin against the area,
After curing of the thermoplastic resin, take out the thermoplastic resin from the region,
Cutting the cured thermoplastic resin at any point;
A method for measuring the shape of an object, comprising: reading the cut cross-sectional portion with a two-dimensional image acquisition device and measuring the shape of the cross-sectional portion. Hang the concrete of the existing structure, identify the reinforcing bars to be measured,
Remove the concrete pieces and rust attached to the reinforcing bars to expose the entire circumference of the reinforcing bars,
Each of the divided two housings is filled with thermoplastic resin,
Assembling two housings filled with the thermoplastic resin on the outer periphery of the reinforcing bar,
After curing of the thermoplastic resin, cut the thermoplastic resin along the boundary between the two housings and take out the cured thermoplastic resin,
Cutting the cured thermoplastic resin at any point;
A method for measuring the shape of an object, comprising: reading the cut cross-sectional portion with a two-dimensional image acquisition device and measuring the shape of the cross-sectional portion. Sealing the bottom and cut surfaces of the thermoplastic resin after being cured
Injecting liquid into the shaped thermoplastic resin,
The object shape measuring method according to claim 2, wherein the volume is obtained from the mass of the liquid. Identify ancillary equipment including metal parts that should be measured for existing structures,
Remove rust attached to the incidental equipment,
Press the softened thermoplastic resin against the incidental equipment,
After curing of the thermoplastic resin, take out the thermoplastic resin from the incidental equipment,
Cutting the cured thermoplastic resin at any location including the metal portion;
A method for measuring the shape of an object, comprising: reading the cut cross-sectional portion with a two-dimensional image acquisition device and measuring the shape of the cross-sectional portion. Identify the area to be measured for planar existing structures,
A transferable mark is attached to the existing structure in the area,
Press the softened thermoplastic resin against the area,
After curing of the thermoplastic resin, take out the thermoplastic resin to which the mark has been transferred from the region,
Cutting the cured thermoplastic resin based on the mark,
A method for measuring the shape of an object, comprising: reading the cut cross-sectional portion with a two-dimensional image acquisition device and measuring the shape of the cross-sectional portion.

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