JP2010189837A - Sleeper - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide, at lower cost, a sleeper to which countermeasures against snow coverage and freezing are implemented. <P>SOLUTION: Components of the sleeper 4 are a sleeper body 1, a heating member 6 and an electric wire 7. The heating member 6 having a heating function by an induction heating mechanism using the electric wire 7 is provided with a plane directly contacting a body to be melted. The upper face of the sleeper body 1 is provided with a recess, and the heating member 6 is arranged in the recess. The heating member 6 is arranged so that the plane directly contacting the body to be melted is placed at the upper face and that the induction heating mechanism is on the lower side of the plane. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sleeper equipped with a snow melting mechanism, and more particularly to removing snow and icing from a branch machine on a rail track.

  In heavy snowfall areas, snow can fall on railroad tracks and hinder train operation. Therefore, various snowmelt countermeasures have been taken.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention in which a basic measure against snow melting is previously applied to a sleeper itself as a measure against snow melting.

JP 2002-242102 A

  In the invention described in Patent Document 1, a heater is provided on the rail fixing side surface of the sleeper, and the surface of the sleeper is covered with a synthetic resin material having higher thermal conductivity than the sleeper so as to cover the heater, and the reinforcing layer is formed. It is the formed structure. That is, the heat transfer efficiency is improved by using a synthetic resin material having high thermal conductivity for the reinforcement layer while preventing damage to the heater by covering the heater with the reinforcement layer.

  However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, a reinforcing layer is formed between the heater and the snow or ice to be melted. Therefore, although it is a synthetic resin material having high thermal conductivity, the reinforcing layer hinders heat transfer from the heater to snow and ice.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a sleeper that does not need to be provided with such a reinforcing layer by being in direct contact with the object to be melted, has high heat conductivity, and is reduced in cost.

  The invention of claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problem is a sleeper which is arranged under a rail and has a sleeper body and a heating member, wherein the sleeper body is provided with a recess on an upper surface, and the heating member is melted. The heating member has a heat generation function by a plane that directly contacts the dismantling and an induction heating mechanism, and the heating member is provided in the recess of the sleeper body so that the plane is an upper surface and the induction heating mechanism is a lower side of the plane. It is a sleeper characterized by being.

In the invention of claim 1, the heat generating member has a flat surface that directly contacts the material to be melted, and the flat surface is the upper surface. That is, the upper surface of the heat generating member is a flat surface and is disposed in a stripped state. In other words, since the surface that directly contacts the melting object of the sleeper can be flat, the contact surface such as a cylinder has better thermal efficiency than a member having a curved surface. In addition, since the heat generating member is in direct contact with the object to be melted, there is no loss of heat when the object to be melted is melted, and thermal efficiency is better than that of conventional sleepers. Therefore, the running cost when melting the object to be melted can be reduced.
It should be noted that the object to be melted and the object to be melted described later are substances that can eliminate the possibility of hindering train operation by melting. is there.
Moreover, the sleeper of this invention can implement induction heating, preventing damage to an internal electrically-conductive body by providing an induction heating mechanism in the lower side of a plane, ie, the inside of a sleeper, with an induction heating mechanism. Furthermore, by using an induction heating mechanism, a member having strength such as metal and high thermal conductivity can be used as a heat generating member.
Furthermore, since the sleeper of the present invention does not require a reinforcing layer, the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
Moreover, the sleeper of this invention can position and fix a heat generating member easily by providing a recessed part in the upper surface of a sleeper main body, and arrange | positioning a heat generating member in a recessed part. Furthermore, if the sleeper body is composed of a member having a low thermal conductivity, the temperature of the sleeper body is less likely to decrease, so that there is a heat retaining effect on the heat generating member.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the sleeper according to claim 1, wherein the height of the heat generating member and the depth of the recess are substantially the same.

  In the invention of claim 2, since the height of the heat generating member and the depth of the recess are the same, the heat generating member is flush with the upper surface of the sleepers. Therefore, the heat generating member can be arranged without deforming the shape of the surrounding members such as the rail, and the introduction cost can be reduced in the existing track. Moreover, since the heat generating member can be disposed in contact with surrounding members such as a sleeper body, the thermal efficiency can be increased.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the sleeper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat generating member includes a plurality of metal square pipes.

  In the invention of claim 3, since the metal square pipe has strength, the heat generating member has durability, and it is possible to provide a sleeper which is not easily consumed even if it is installed on the open-air. Moreover, a square pipe can employ | adopt a commercial item and can reduce introduction cost.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of heat generating members are spread on the surface of the sleeper body.

  In the invention of claim 4, since the plurality of heat generating members are spread on the surface of the sleepers, there is no gap between the heat generating members, and the thermal efficiency can be increased. Moreover, compared with the case where one heat generating member is arrange | positioned on the surface of a sleeper, adjustment of the increase / decrease in the area which installs a heat generating member is easy.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is the sleeper according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein an insulator is provided between the heat generating member and the rail.

  In the invention of claim 5, since an insulator is provided between the heat generating member and the rail, current used for the heat generating member is prevented from flowing to the rail. As a result, problems such as malfunction of the track circuit can be prevented.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the sleeper according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein in the induction heating mechanism, the energizing member exposed from the heat generating member is covered with a resin.

  In the invention of claim 6, the current-carrying member such as an electric wire or a coil exposed from the heat generating member is protected by the resin, so that a stronger structure can be obtained.

  In the present invention, since the upper surface of the heat generating member is a flat surface, and the upper surface disposed in contact with the object to be melted is in direct contact with the object to be melted, snow melting can be performed more efficiently than conventional sleepers. Moreover, by performing snow melting more efficiently than before, it is possible to introduce and operate a snow melting countermeasure on a railway track at a lower cost.

It is a perspective view of the sleeper main body which provided the recessed part used for the sleeper of this invention. It is a top view of the sleeper main body of FIG. It is a perspective view of the heat generating member of the present invention. (A) is a top view of the state which inserted the electric wire in the heat generating member of FIG. 3, (b) is the right view which looked at the heat generating member of (a) from the B direction, (c) is (a). It is the left view which looked at the heat generating member of C from the C direction. It is a perspective view of the sleeper of the present invention. It is a top view of the sleeper of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a state where a resin is filled in a gap of the concave portion in FIG. 5. (A) is AA sectional drawing which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the rail in FIG. 7, (b) is BB sectional drawing which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the rail in FIG. It is a top view of the sleeper of this invention different from FIG. It is a top view of the sleeper of this invention different from FIG. It is a perspective view of the sleeper of this invention different from FIG. It is a perspective view of the sleeper of this invention different from FIG. It is a perspective view of the sleeper of this invention different from FIG. It is a perspective view of the sleeper of this invention different from FIG. It is a perspective view of the sleeper of this invention different from FIG. It is a perspective view of the heat generating member used for the sleeper of this invention different from FIG. It is a perspective view of the heat generating member used for the sleeper of this invention different from FIG.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Further, the description is for facilitating understanding of the embodiment, and the present invention should not be understood to be limited thereby.

  First, the first embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the sleeper 4 according to the first embodiment includes a sleeper body 1, a heat generating member 6, and an electric wire 7 (an energizing member), and is used by flowing a high-frequency alternating current through the electric wire 7. .

Here, the sleeper body 1 in the present invention is preferably made of synthetic wood made of fiber reinforced hard resin foam.
As a kind of foamed resin, for example, a hard resin that is a thermosetting resin such as a urethane resin, an epoxy resin, a vinyl ester resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, or a phenol resin is preferably used. In order to improve compressive strength and reduce costs in the foamed resin, inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, gypsum, talc, aluminum hydroxide, clay, and lightweight bones such as shirasu balloon, pearlite, glass balloon, etc. Materials may be added. Examples of the fiber that reinforces the hard resin foam of the plate material include any of inorganic fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, metal fiber, and ceramic fiber, synthetic fibers such as aromatic polyamide fiber, and organic fibers such as natural fiber. However, glass fiber is suitable in terms of strength and economy. The fiber is preferably in the form of long fibers such as yarn, cloth, roving, roving cloth, and cloth mat. Short fibers such as chips and middle fibers and hollow fillers such as shirasu balloons are used in combination as necessary. You may do it. Examples of the glass fiber include glass roving, glass roving cloth, glass mat, and continuous strand mat. These fibers may be used alone, or may be used by laminating two or more layers, or a mixture of long fibers and short fibers may be used. The most suitable material is a foam reinforced with a long urethane fiber made of hard urethane resin aligned in the longitudinal direction (for example, “Eslon Neo Lumber FFU” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.).

And as FIG. 1 shows, the sleeper main body 1 is a plate-shaped member, and the recessed part 2 is provided in the surface. The recess 2 is provided on the surface that becomes the upper surface when the sleepers 4 are installed on the track. The concave portion 2 has substantially the same shape as the outer shape of the heat generating member 6 and has a shape in which the upper surface of the sleeper main body 1 is recessed except for the outer peripheral edge portion and the rail installation portion 1a.
Therefore, a part of the original surface portion other than the concave portion 2 on the upper surface of the sleeper main body 1 becomes the rail installation portion 1a. If it demonstrates in detail, each rail installation part 1a is extended in the longitudinal direction from the both ends of the longitudinal direction of the sleeper main body 1, and the two rail installation parts 1a are facing. That is, two pairs of opposing rail installation portions 1a are provided. A member that supports the rail (a member such as a well-known tie plate, not shown) is disposed in the rail installation portion 1a.
And as FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show, the electric wire penetration hole 3 is provided in the inside of the sleeper main body 1. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the heat generating member 6 is formed by combining metal square pipes having different overall lengths without any gaps. The formed heating member 6 has a shape that can be accommodated in the recess 2 almost exactly.
More specifically, the heat generating member 6 is formed by combining a long square pipe 5a and a short square pipe 5b in parallel. That is, a combination of three long square pipes 5a in the horizontal direction and two in the height direction, and a combination of three short square pipes 5b in the horizontal direction and two rows in the height direction are alternately combined. Form. At this time, there are three lumps formed by the long square pipe 5a, and there are two lumps formed by the short square pipe 5b. Therefore, both ends of the heat generating member 6 to be formed become a lump formed by the long square pipe 5a. Here, since the surface of the square pipe is constituted by a flat surface, when the square pipes are combined into a lump, adjacent square pipes can be combined with no gap. Therefore, it is possible to combine a lump without a gap when the lump is combined.
Furthermore, due to the difference in length between the two types of square pipes, both ends in the longitudinal direction of the lump formed by the short square pipes 5 b become the recesses 6 a of the heat generating member 6.
When the heat generating member 6 is formed in this way, the rail installation portion 1 a can be avoided when the heat generating member 6 is stored in the recess 2 of the sleeper body 1. Here, the square pipes 5a and 5b can be obtained from the same commercial product. That is, the square pipes 5a and 5b having a predetermined length can be obtained simply by cutting from a commercially available square pipe.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, by making the depth dimension of the concave portion 2 and the height dimension of the heat generating member 6 coincide with each other, the heat generating member 6 is substantially aligned with the concave portion 2 of the sleeper body 1 as described above. It can be stored exactly. When the heat generating member 6 is housed in the recess 2 in this state, the exposed surface of the heat generating member 6 is substantially flush with the surface of the rail installation portion 1a. That is, the exposed surface of the heat generating member 6 has a shape laid on the surface on which the rails of the sleepers 4 are installed.
Further, when the heat generating member 6 is housed in the recess 2, a gap 1 b for arranging the electric wire 7 is formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the recess 2. The gap 1b is a space that is formed when the outer shape of the heat generating member 6 is slightly smaller than the shape of the recess 2, and has a size that can accommodate the electric wire 7 exposed from the square pipe.

Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 4-6, the electric wire 7 is arrange | positioned in the recessed part 2 of the sleeper main body 1 in the state penetrated to the hollow hole of the square pipe 5a which forms the heat generating member 6, and the square pipe 5b. In addition, when the electric wire 7 is inserted into the square pipe 5a or the square pipe 5b as described above, if the portion of the electric wire 7 exposed from each square pipe is covered with an insulator, the surface portion of the square pipe 5a or the square pipe 5b is covered. It is possible to prevent the induced current from interfering.
Further, at this time, the portion inserted through the square pipe and the square pipe of the electric wire 7 becomes the induction heating mechanism 11 (FIG. 4 a). More specifically, the combination of the portion of the square pipe 5a and the portion of the electric wire 7 that passes through the inside of the square pipe 5a and the combination of the portion of the square pipe 5b and the portion of the electric wire 7 that passes through the inside of the square pipe 5b are induced heating. Mechanism 11 is obtained. When the sleepers 4 are implemented, the heating member 6 is heated by the induction heating mechanism 11. That is, since the induction heating mechanism 11 supplies the high-frequency current to the electric wire 7 to generate the induction current due to the magnetic flux on the inner surfaces of the square pipe 5a and the square pipe 5b, the square pipe can generate heat.
At this time, if the portion of the wire 7 that is inserted into the square pipe is covered with a non-magnetic material, an induction current due to magnetic flux is generated on the inner surface of the heating member 6, but no current from the wire 7 flows. So it can be used more safely.

  Further, as described above, when the heat generating member 6 is housed in the recess 2, the gap 1 b is formed at both ends in the longitudinal direction, so that the electric wire 7 exposed from the hollow hole of the heat generating member 6 is disposed in the gap 1 b. Furthermore, since the electric wire insertion hole 3 is provided in the sleeper main body 1, the electric wire 7 can be arranged from the outer side to the inner side of the sleeper main body 1.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, when the gap 9 b in FIG. 5 is filled with the resin 9, the electric wire 7 exposed from the heat generating member 6 can be protected, and the structure becomes stronger. Further, when the resin 9 to be filled is made of an insulator, it is possible to prevent the induced current from interfering with the surface portion of the heat generating member 6 without covering the electric wire 7 exposed from the heat generating member 6 with the insulator.
Although the resin 9 is actually filled in the vicinity of the wire insertion hole 3 in FIG. 7, it is not shown in FIG. 7 for easy understanding.

  Next, the operation and effect of the sleeper 4 of the first embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 8 a and 8 b, the sleeper 4 of the first embodiment fixes the rail arrangement member 10 to the rail installation portion 1 a and installs the rail on the rail arrangement member 10 from the state of FIG. 7.
At this time, the insulator 8 is provided in a portion where the rail arrangement member 10 contacts the heat generating member 6, and the high frequency current is supplied to the electric wire 7 in a state where the rail is installed on the sleeper 4.
More specifically, by supplying a high-frequency current to the electric wire 7, an induced current due to magnetic flux is generated on the inner surfaces of the square pipe 5a and the square pipe 5b forming the heat generating member 6. This induced current does not flow on the outer surface of each square pipe due to the skin effect, but flows only on the inner surface. At this time, since the inner surface of each square pipe becomes a resistance, the heat generating member 6 generates heat.
At this time, since the electric wire 7 exposed from the heat generating member 6 is covered with an insulator, no induced current flows on the outer surfaces of the square pipe 5a and the square pipe 5b.
Here, as shown in FIGS. 8 a and 8 b, the portion of the heating member 6 arranged on the upper surface of the sleeper 4 that is on a straight line connecting the opposing rail installation portions 1 a is covered with the rail arrangement member 10. However, the other parts are arranged in a bare state. Therefore, the exposed portion of the heat generating member 6 can directly contact the melted body.
Moreover, when the insulator 8 is provided as described above, problems such as a track short circuit can be more easily avoided, and thus the safety during use is increased. Specifically, the insulator 8 has an effect of preventing current flowing from the train to the rail from flowing to the sleepers 4.

  Thus, since the heat generating member 6 generates heat, snow and ice that are in direct contact are melted. Furthermore, the snow and ice on the rail arrangement member 10 are melted when heat is transmitted from the heat generating member 6. Even in the case of melting of snow and ice that are not in direct contact with the heat generating member 6, the rail disposing member 10 is arranged in the surrounding state in a state where the heat generating member 6 is exposed, compared to the sleepers of the prior art. Easier to raise temperature and efficiently melt snow and ice.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the rail installation portion 1a is provided integrally with the edge portion of the recess 2 at the longitudinal end of the sleeper body 1, but the shape of the rail installation portion 1a is the same. It is not limited to. The position and shape of the rail installation part 1a can be arbitrarily set according to the standards of the sleepers and the usage method.

  Furthermore, although the electric wires are provided in series in the first embodiment, the method of installing the electric wires is not limited to this. It is only necessary that the temperature of the heat generating member 6 can be increased efficiently when a high-frequency current is passed. For example, you may install the electric wire connected in parallel in the hollow hole of each square pipe which forms the heat generating member 6. FIG.

  Although the linear electric wire 7 is used for the induction heating mechanism in the first embodiment, the shape of the electric wire 7 may be a coil shape. Moreover, you may use the member which combined the electric wire and the coil. For example, it is desirable to use a member in which the portion exposed from the heat generating member is an electric wire and the portion passing through the inside of the hole of the heat generating member is a coil because the temperature raising effect of the heat generating member is enhanced.

  In the first embodiment, the electric wire is folded back by providing the gap 1b. However, the gap 1b may not be provided, a groove may be provided on the inner wall surface of the recess 2, or both ends in the longitudinal direction of the heat generating member 6 may be provided. You may provide the groove | channel which connects the square pipe adjacent to a part.

In the first embodiment, the heat generating member 6 has a shape having a recess 6a formed by combining a plurality of square pipes 5, but the shape of the heat generating member is not limited to this. The square pipe may be formed in a different shape, or a member other than the square pipe may be combined.
One square pipe may be used as a heat generating member as it is. That is, the heat generating member may be a member that has a strength to withstand use in a state exposed on the surface of the sleepers and generates heat.

Further, instead of the plurality of square pipes, a heat generating member 13 having a notch and a plurality of through holes 13a formed in a flat steel material as shown in FIG. 16 may be used. At this time, the upper surface of the heat generating member 13 is flat, and the recess of the sleeper main body is set to be approximately the same as the height of the heat generating member 13.
At this time, one electric wire may be folded and disposed in the through hole 13a as in the first embodiment, or an electric wire connected in parallel to each hole may be individually installed. That is, the heating member 13 may be efficiently heated by induction heating.

Furthermore, you may use the heat generating member 14 of the shape where several long steel materials protruded perpendicularly from the lower surface of the plate-shaped steel materials which provided the notch as shown in FIG. At this time, the upper surface of the heat generating member 14 is flat, and the recess of the sleeper main body is set to be approximately the same as the height of the heat generating member 14.
Moreover, you may arrange | position so that one electric wire may be return | folded between the elongate steel materials of the heat generating member 14, and you may install the electric wire connected in parallel between the elongate steel materials. That is, the heating member 14 may be efficiently heated by induction heating.

9 to 15 show another embodiment different from the first embodiment of the sleepers of the present invention.
FIG. 9 shows a sleeper 30 embodying the present invention. The sleeper 30 is a sleeper according to the present invention in which the heating member 6 is spread on the upper surface of the sleeper body 1 and no rail installation portion is provided.

  FIG. 10 shows a sleeper 31 embodying the present invention. The sleeper 31 is a sleeper of the present invention in which four rail installation portions 1a having different shapes are arranged so that the heat generating member 6 surrounds the periphery.

  FIG. 11 shows a sleeper 32 embodying the present invention. The sleeper 32 has the heat generating member 6 installed on the upper surface of the long sleeper main body 1, and the rail installation part 1a is arranged so that the heat generating member 6 surrounds the periphery. This rail mounting portion 1a is a set of four, and the tie plate is fixed by hitting four well-known screw nails for tie plate. In addition, a rectangular resin 9 is provided in the central portion, and the left and right rails are insulated.

FIG. 12 shows a sleeper 33 embodying the present invention. The sleeper 33 is the sleeper of the present invention in which the heat generating member 6 is installed around the portion where the rail of the sleeper body 1 is arranged.
Similarly to the first embodiment, the heat generating member 6 disposed on the sleeper 33 has a shape having notches at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and two heat generating members 6 are installed symmetrically from the central portion.

FIG. 13 shows a sleeper 34 embodying the present invention. The sleeper 34 is a sleeper of the present invention in which the heat generating member 6 is disposed only at a position where a known tie plate is installed.
The heat generating members 6 arranged on the sleepers 34 have a substantially square shape in plan view, and are installed two symmetrically from the central portion.

FIG. 14 shows a sleeper 35 embodying the present invention. The sleeper 35 is notched in a part of the upper surface of the sleeper main body 1, and the heating member 6 is disposed in the installation place where the position of the upper surface is slightly lower than the surroundings. It is a sleeper.
The heat generating member 6 disposed on the sleeper 35 has a shape having notches at both ends in the longitudinal direction as in the first embodiment.

FIG. 15 shows a sleeper 36 embodying the present invention. The sleeper 36 is similar to the installation place provided on the sleeper 35 of FIG. 14 described above, and the heat generating member 6 is disposed in the installation place where the upper surface is slightly lower than the surroundings. It is a sleeper.
The heat generating member 6 disposed on the sleeper 36 is the same as the heat generating member used in the sleeper 34 described above, and is a heat generating member having a substantially square shape in plan view.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sleeper body 1a Rail installation part 1b Clearance 2 Recess 3 Wire insertion hole 4 Sleeper 5a Long square pipe 5b Short square pipe 6 Heating member 6a Notch 7 Electric wire (electric current member)
8 Insulator 9 Resin 10 Rail installation member 11 Induction heating mechanism 12 Rail

Claims (6)

  A sleeper disposed under a rail and having a sleeper body and a heat generating member, wherein the sleeper body has a concave portion on an upper surface, and the heat generating member has a heat generating function by a flat surface directly contacting the melted body and an induction heating mechanism. The sleeper is characterized in that the heat generating member is provided in the recess of the sleeper body so that the flat surface is an upper surface and the induction heating mechanism is a lower side of the flat surface.   The sleeper according to claim 1, wherein a height dimension of the heat generating member and a depth dimension of the concave portion are substantially the same.   The sleeper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat generating member includes a plurality of metal square pipes.   The sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of heat generating members are spread on the surface of the sleeper body.   The sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an insulator is provided between the heat generating member and the rail.   The sleeper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the induction heating mechanism, the energizing member exposed from the heat generating member is covered with a resin.

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