JP2010172919A - Forging apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a forging apparatus which has a simple structure and high flexibility, and can facilitate process designing. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus includes a forging tool 5 which presses a material M and deforms the material M into a designated three-dimensional shape. The forging tool 5 has side face tools 50a and 50b arranged around the material M. The side face tools 50a and 50b are composed of movable pieces 51a-55a and 51b-55b which are arranged from one end side to the other end side of the material M and can push the material M individually and independently. The forging apparatus can succeedingly push the material M with the movable pieces from one end side to the other end side. Furthermore, a tool supporting means is prepared which holds the material M with the movable pieces 51a and 51b while maintaining relative positions of the movable piece 51a, the movable piece 51b and the material M, when the movable piece 51b, which is neighboring to the movable piece 51a pushed into the material M ahead of the 51b, is pushed into the material M. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a forging device for forming a material into a predetermined shape by forging.

  Forging is a plastic working method in which at least a part of a metal material is crushed with a tool to form a predetermined shape. Forging includes die forging and free forging.

  In die forging, molding is performed by simultaneously pressing or constraining most of the material surface with a mold that matches the surface shape of the forged product to be molded. In Patent Document 1, a web rib-shaped product having a plurality of webs surrounded by ribs is formed by press die forging. For press die forging, a molding die including a die having a recess for forming a web-rib-shaped product and a plurality of stamp portions movable up and down in the recess is used. When the material is placed at the bottom of the recess and the stamp part is pressed into the material individually and sequentially, the compressed material flows into the space between the recess and the stamp part, and each web and the ribs around the web are molded Is done.

  In free forging, a general-purpose tool having a flat or simple curved surface is used, and the material is compressed and deformed without restricting most of the material. In Patent Document 2, a turbine blade material is formed using a pair of left and right molds that are horizontally opposed. At the time of molding, positioning is repeatedly performed in the longitudinal direction of the material, and molding is performed sequentially while shifting the position of the mold with respect to the material.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-29381 JP-A-2-46945

  A molding method that can flexibly cope with various part shapes and production quantities, for example, a production system that automatically creates a molding process from CAD data of a part and manufactures a part based on the molding process is desired. In order to form various part shapes, it is desirable to form with a general-purpose tool without using a dedicated die for forging.

  However, in patent document 1, since the shaping die according to the shape and dimension of a web rib shape product is used, versatility is low. Moreover, in patent document 2, although a general purpose tool is used, since it shape | molds repeatedly, shifting a position with a pair of tool, a raw material flows in multiple directions. Therefore, it is difficult to design a process for obtaining a target shape.

  In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a forging device that has a simple configuration, is highly versatile, and can easily perform process design.

The forging device of the present invention comprises a forging tool that deforms the material by pressing the material to form a predetermined three-dimensional shape,
The forging tool has two or more side tools arranged around the material,
At least one of the side tools is composed of a plurality of movable pieces arranged from one end side to the other end side of the material and capable of pushing the material independently, and the material is formed by the plurality of movable pieces. A forging device that can be sequentially pushed into at least one of the one end side and the other end side,
Further, when the second movable piece adjacent to the first movable piece that has been pushed into the material first is pushed into the material among the plurality of movable pieces, the first movable piece, Tool holding means for holding the material by the first movable piece and the side tool while maintaining the relative position of the side tool and the material facing the first movable piece is provided.

  The “first movable piece” and the “second movable piece” are names indicating two adjacent ones of the plurality of movable pieces for convenience, and there are three or more movable pieces and one side tool. Needless to say, it may be configured. Further, the second movable piece may work as the first movable piece. The same applies to the “third movable piece” described later.

  In the forging device of the present invention, the side tool is composed of a plurality of movable pieces that can push the material independently. Since the material can be deformed into various shapes by changing the pushing amount and pushing position of each movable piece, the versatility is high.

  The plurality of movable pieces are arranged from one end side where the material is held to the other end side and are sequentially pushed into the material toward at least one of the one end side and the other end side. At this time, the first movable piece while maintaining the relative position of the first movable piece pushed into the material, the side tool facing the first movable piece across the material, and the material by the tool locking means The material is held by the side tool. When the second movable piece is pushed into the material in a state where the tool locking means is used, the flow of the material pushed into the second movable piece is surely blocked by the first movable piece pushed into the material first. . As a result, the material mainly flows in one direction toward the end of the material on the second movable piece side. If the main flow direction of the material is one direction, the process design for determining the holding state of the material, the pushing condition of the movable piece, and the like is easier than in the case of flowing in multiple directions.

  Further, the tool locking means is simply means for holding the material with the first movable piece and the side tool while maintaining the relative positions of the first movable piece, the side tool and the material. Therefore, specifically, the tool system stopping means only needs to connect the first movable piece and the side tool, and when the second movable piece is pushed into the material, at least the second movable piece is pressurized. All that is required is a pressure means. Furthermore, the pressurization of the first movable piece performed prior to the pressurization of the second movable piece may be performed by the same pressurizing means. That is, the forging device of the present invention does not need to control the pressing amount and the pressing position of each of the plurality of movable pieces at a time, and can simplify the configuration of the device.

It is the schematic which shows an example of the forging apparatus of this invention, Comprising: It is a vertical direction sectional drawing. It is the schematic which shows an example of the forging apparatus of this invention, Comprising: It is Y-Y 'sectional drawing of FIG. It is the schematic which shows an example of the forging apparatus of this invention, Comprising: It is sectional drawing which shows the state with which the relative position of a 1st movable piece, a side tool, and a raw material is maintained by the tool latching means. It is a top view which shows an example of the displacement control member suitable for the forge apparatus of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the displacement of a movable piece at the time of applying the displacement control member shown in FIG. 4 to the movable piece shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of FIG. It is the schematic which shows the forging apparatus 1 which is a specific example of the forging apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the forging apparatus 2 which is a specific example of the forging apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the forging apparatus 3 which is a specific example of the forging apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the forging apparatus 4 which is a specific example of the forging apparatus of this invention. It is a drawing substitute photo of the material taken from the side. 3 is a drawing-substituting photograph in which a molded product formed by the forging device 1 is photographed from the pushing direction and a direction perpendicular to the pushing direction. It is a drawing substitute photograph which image | photographed the molded product shape | molded with the conventional forging apparatus from the direction perpendicular | vertical to the pushing direction and the pushing direction. 3 is a drawing-substituting photograph in which a molded product formed by the forging device 3 is photographed from a pushing direction and a direction perpendicular to the pushing direction. FIG. 5 is a drawing-substituting photograph in which a molded product formed by the forging device 4 is photographed from a pushing direction and a direction perpendicular to the pushing direction. It is the schematic which shows the forging apparatus 5 which is a specific example of the forging apparatus of this invention.

  Below, the best form for implementing the forging apparatus of this invention is demonstrated using figures.

  1 and 2 are schematic views showing an example of a forging device of the present invention. Since FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 only show an example of the forging device of the present invention, the arrangement and shape of each component are not limited to the forms shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. Further, the direction of the apparatus itself is not limited to FIGS. 1 and 2, and the apparatus may be installed in a direction in which the axis X coincides with the vertical direction in FIG. 1.

  The material formed by the forging device of the present invention is not particularly limited in shape, but a columnar or prismatic rod-like body is suitable. Moreover, there is no limitation in particular also in a material, What is necessary is just the metal material processed by forging conventionally. Hereinafter, a cylindrical material will be described as an example. However, even if the shape of the material is different, the flow of the material is blocked by using the forging device of the present invention to form the material in the same manner as when the cylindrical material is used. The effect is demonstrated.

  The forging device of the present invention includes a forging tool. By pressing the material with a forging tool, the material is deformed to form a predetermined three-dimensional shape. The forging tool has two or more side tools arranged around the material. The shape of the side tool is not particularly limited, and the shape of the pushing end face of the side tool that presses the material may be appropriately selected according to the shape of the material and the shape of the molded product. The shape of the pushing end surface may be a flat surface in addition to the curved surface shown in FIG.

  The forging tool may further have a deformation restraining tool for restraining deformation of the material. For example, in FIG. 1, deformation of both ends of the material M is restrained by the restraining tools 20c, 20d, 20e, and 20f. However, when a movable piece, which will be described later, is pushed into the material M and molded, the material M flows to at least one of the one end side and the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the material M in accordance with the order in which the movable pieces are pushed. For this reason, a deformation restraint tool, particularly a deformation restraint tool that restrains deformation of the end portion of the material, should hold the material so as not to block the flow of the material. A side tool that does not have a movable piece and is not pushed into the material can also be regarded as a deformation restraint tool.

  A plurality of side tools are arranged around the material. Although there is no limitation in particular in the position where a side tool is arrange | positioned, it is good to arrange | position on the same plane substantially perpendicular | vertical with respect to the straight line which connects the one end part and other end part of a raw material. For example, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the two side tools 20 a and 20 b are disposed on the same plane perpendicular to the central axis X of the material M, with the material M interposed therebetween. Even when three or more side tools face each other, they are preferably arranged at equal intervals around the central axis X on the same plane substantially perpendicular to the central axis X of the material M. There is no limitation on the number of side tools, and 2 to 6 are practical.

  At least one of the plurality of side tools includes a plurality of movable pieces. The movable pieces are arranged from one end side to the other end side of the material and can push the material independently. Although there is no particular limitation on the size and shape of the movable piece, it is preferably a plate-like body, and a predetermined number of pieces are preferably stacked in the thickness direction to form one side tool. Further, it is preferable that two adjacent movable pieces among the plurality of movable pieces have sliding contact surfaces that come into sliding contact with each other when pushed. In FIG. 1, one side tool 20a includes five movable pieces 21a to 25a, but the number of movable pieces is not limited. In FIG. 1, the two side tools 20a and 20b both have movable pieces, but the side tools 20b are used as simple side tools (or deformation restraints) by intentionally fixing the movable pieces 21b to 25b. It is also possible.

  The movable piece can sequentially push the material into at least one of the one end side and the other end side. That is, when the first movable piece is pushed into the material among the plurality of movable pieces, the second movable piece adjacent to the first movable piece is pushed into the material. If the first movable piece is first pushed into the material when the second movable piece is pushed into the material, the flow of material when the material is pressed by the second movable piece is blocked by the first movable piece. It can be stopped.

  As described above, the first movable piece and the second movable piece may be movable pieces adjacent to each other in one side tool. Taking the movable pieces 21a to 24a of the side tool 20a shown in FIG. 1 as an example, one of the movable pieces 21a and 22a, the movable pieces 22a and 23a, the movable pieces 23a and 24a, and the movable pieces 24a and 25a is the first. The movable piece and the other is the second movable piece. In this case, since the material is sequentially pushed by the plurality of movable pieces from the one end side to the other end side, the material mainly flows in one direction on the other end side. When the movable piece 23a is the first movable piece, the movable pieces 22a and 24a can be the second movable piece. In this case, since the raw material is sequentially pushed from the center part to the one end part side and the other end part side by the plurality of movable pieces, the material mainly flows in one direction on each of the one end part side and the other end part side.

  Each movable piece may be pushed into the material by being moved directly or indirectly by a general driving means. When forming the material, it is not necessary to move all the movable pieces corresponding to the part to be deformed simultaneously. For example, in the case where the material M is pushed in by the movable pieces 21a and 21b facing each other in FIG. 1, the movable piece 21b is fixed in advance in a state of protruding from the movable pieces 22b to 25b, and the movable piece 21a and Only the movable piece 21a is moved downward in the vertical direction while the material M is held between the movable piece 21b. At this time, since the central axis X of the material M moves to the movable piece 21b side together with the movable piece 21a, the movable piece 21b is relatively pushed into the material M.

  The forging device of the present invention includes tool locking means. The tool locking means is a means for holding the material with the first movable piece and the side tool while maintaining the relative position of the first movable piece, the side tool facing the first movable piece across the material, and the material. It is. This means is used when a second movable piece adjacent to the first movable piece pushed into the material first is pushed into the material among the plurality of movable pieces. That is, it is necessary to maintain the positional relationship between the first movable piece and the side tool at the time when the pushing of the first movable piece is completed by the tool locking means. Specifically, it is preferably a connecting tool that connects the first movable piece, the first movable piece, and a side tool that faces the material. The connecting tool only needs to be fixed at a predetermined interval with the first movable piece and the side tool sandwiched between the materials. The connecting tool can be fastened with a bolt or at least a part of the frame cannot be easily deformed. It is better to restrain the relative movement by fitting. A specific example using a bolt as a connector will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of the forging device of the present invention, and the relative positions of the first movable piece, the side tool (or the third movable piece) and the material are maintained by the tool locking means. It is sectional drawing which shows a state. The state before the first movable piece is pushed into the material is shown by dotted lines. The first movable piece 21a has two insertion holes 211a penetrating from the rear end portion (the end portion on the opposite side to the push direction) to the front end portion in the push direction. The shaft portions 31 of the bolts 30 are inserted into the insertion holes 221a, respectively. The two insertion holes 211a are respectively formed at both ends in the width direction of the first movable piece 21a. Further, the side tool 20b has two female screw portions 203a that open to a surface facing the pushing end surface of the first movable piece 21a. Therefore, the two insertion holes 211a and the two female screw portions 203a are coaxially positioned with each other. A male screw portion 33 formed at the tip of the bolt 30 can be screwed into the female screw portion 203a.

  In order to perform the molding, first, the material M is placed on the pushing end surface of the side tool 20b. Further, cylindrical spacers 32 are respectively placed on the pushing end surfaces of the side tool 20b where the female screw portion 203a opens. Then, the first movable piece 21a is placed on the material M, the bolt 30 is inserted into the spacer 32 through the insertion hole 211a, and the distal end portion is screwed into the female screw portion 203a to position the first movable piece 21a. . Thereafter, the material M is crushed by the first movable piece 21a moving downward in the vertical direction. The movement of the first movable piece 21a ends when the first movable piece 21a contacts the spacer 32. In this state, the bolt 30 is further screwed into the female screw portion 203a. The first movable piece 21a and the side tool 20b are connected by the bolt 30, so that the relative positions of the first movable piece 21a, the side tool 20a, and the material M are maintained, and the first movable piece 21a and the side tool are maintained. The material M is held by the tool 20a. In FIG. 3, the side tool 20a may be a third movable piece 21b facing the first movable piece 21a.

  When the first movable piece and the side tool are connected, even if any one of the first movable piece, the side tool, and the material moves, the remaining two move following the movement. Therefore, if a connecting tool is used, for example, when the second movable piece is pushed into the material, the center axis of the material moves in the pushing direction (corresponding to [Material Processing 1] described later), The relative positional relationship between the first movable piece, the side tool, and the material is maintained. If the center axis of the material does not move when the second movable piece is pushed into the material, the position of the first movable piece and the side tool may be fixed to the apparatus itself and the movement may be restricted.

  The tool locking means is in contact with the movable piece at the rear end portion in the pushing direction so as to restrict the displacement of the movable piece, and is brought into contact with the rear end portion in the pushing direction of the movable piece. It is good to be a displacement control member having an inclined surface for moving the movable piece into the material by moving in a direction perpendicular to the pushing direction of the movable piece. The displacement control member will be specifically described below with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of a displacement control member suitable for the forging device of the present invention. FIGS. 5 and 6 are explanatory diagrams showing stepwise displacement of the movable piece when the displacement control member shown in FIG. 4 is applied to the movable piece shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a side view of a plurality of movable pieces arranged from one end side, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the moving direction of the displacement control member. 5 and 6 show only the movable piece of one side member, the displacement control member may also be applied to the movable piece facing the movable piece. Further, the side member (movable piece) facing the side member to which the displacement control member is applied may be fixed to the apparatus without moving.

  The displacement control member 40 has a step on its surface, and is inclined on the boundary between the first contact surface (low surface) 41F and the second contact surface (high surface) 42F which are not coplanar and parallel to each other. ~ 45C is formed. These inclined surfaces rise at a predetermined angle from the first contact surface 41F toward the second contact surface 42F. The arrangement of the inclined surface is determined according to the position of the movable piece and the timing to push the movable piece. In the displacement control member 40, the plurality of movable pieces arranged on a line perpendicular to the moving direction of the displacement control member 40 are sequentially pushed from one end to the other end, and therefore the inclined surfaces 41C to 45C for pushing each movable piece. Are sequentially arranged from the front end side to the rear end side in the moving direction.

  Further, the movable pieces 21a to 25a whose displacement is controlled by the displacement control member 40 have rollers 21r to 25r at the rear end portions in the pushing direction, respectively. For example, the roller 21r is rotatably attached to the rear end portion in the pushing direction of the movable piece 21a. The same applies to the rollers 22r to 25r.

  In the initial state, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 (1), the displacement control member 40 is located on the rear end side in the pushing direction of the movable pieces 21a to 25a, and the rollers 21r to 25r The state is in contact with the contact surface 41F. Therefore, the pushing end surfaces of the movable pieces 21a to 25a are all at the position T0. In this state, the displacement control member 40 is slid in the direction perpendicular to the pushing direction and the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the movable pieces. As the displacement control member 40 slides, the roller 21r of the movable piece 21a rotates on the inclined surface 41C, so that the movable piece 21a is pressed and displaced by the inclined surface 41C. As a result, the pushing end face of the movable piece 21a moves from the position T0 to T1 as shown in (2). When the displacement control member 40 is further slid, the roller 22r of the movable piece 22a rotates on the inclined surface 42C, so that the movable piece 22a is pressed and displaced by the inclined surface 42C. As a result, the pushing end face of the movable piece 22a moves from the position T0 to T1 as shown in (3). When the movable piece 22a is pushed in, the roller 22r of the movable piece 21a is always in contact with the second contact surface 42F which is a high surface. Therefore, the movable piece 21a is maintained at a position where the material is pushed in. Further, by sliding the displacement control member 40, the movable pieces 23a to 25a are also displaced sequentially by the inclined surfaces 43F to 45F, respectively. In any case, the position of the adjacent movable piece is fixed by the second contact surface 42F. Then, by continuing sliding movement of the displacement control member 40, the rollers 21r to 25r are all in contact with the second contact surface 42F, and the forming of the material is completed.

  That is, by using a displacement control member having an abutting surface and an inclined surface, the displacement of the plurality of movable pieces can be controlled only by moving the displacement control member in one direction with a single driving device. The shape of the displacement control member is not particularly limited as long as it has a step. By changing the dimensions, arrangement, number, etc. of the abutting surface and the inclined surface, the timing of pushing the movable piece, the pushing amount, etc. can be matched to the shape of the material after forging. If it is desired to further push the movable piece, the position of the displacement control member may be changed and slid again, or three or more contact surfaces may be formed on one displacement control member. .

  Further, the displacement control member may be slid in the direction perpendicular to the pushing direction and the arrangement direction of the movable pieces. In this case, it is only necessary that the displacement control member has at least one step in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction.

  As described above, the forging device of the present invention is not a complicated device that requires one drive device for each movable piece. Even if there are a plurality of movable pieces, the positions of all the movable pieces can be controlled by only one driving device depending on the configuration of the tool locking means. Therefore, it is possible to constitute the forging device of the present invention by installing the forging tool and the tool locking means in the existing pressing device that pressurizes from one direction or two directions.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of the forge device of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in various forms with modifications and improvements that can be made by those skilled in the art.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples of the forging device of the present invention.

[Forging device 1]
The forging device 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, since the devices after (1-1) and (1-2) are the same device, only a part of the codes after (1-2) is described. The forging device 1 is configured by installing a forging tool 5 in a pressing device 10 capable of pressing from one direction. The press device 10 includes a storage space 11 that stores a material M to be processed, and a press ram 12 that can pressurize the storage space 11.

  The forging tool 5 includes a pair of upper and lower side tools 50a and 50b. The side tool 50b is placed on the bottom of the accommodation space 11 together with the side blocks 50e and 50f. The side tool 50b is composed of five movable pieces 51b to 55b arranged in order, and is sandwiched between the side blocks 50e and 50f so as to be vertically movable so that the material M can be pressed independently. Moreover, the side tool 50a is installed in the upper part of the accommodation space 11 with the side blocks 50c and 50d. The side tool 50a is composed of five movable pieces 51a to 55a arranged in order, and is sandwiched between the side blocks 50c and 50d so as to be vertically movable so that the material M can be pressed independently.

  The movable pieces 51a to 55a and the movable pieces 51a to 55a have a plate shape with a thickness of 10 mm and a width of 60 mm. In addition, the width | variety of a movable piece is the length of the orthogonal | vertical direction with respect to the arrangement direction and pushing direction of a movable piece. The end face in the pushing direction of each movable piece is a pushing end face made of a curved surface that is curved in the width direction and has a radius of curvature of 70 mm at the center. The movable pieces 51a and 51b, the movable pieces 52a and 52b, the movable pieces 53a and 53b, the movable pieces 54a and 54b, and the movable pieces 55a and 55b are arranged so that their pushing end faces face each other.

  The movable pieces 51a to 55a have insertion holes for inserting the shafts of the bolts at both ends in the width direction. In addition, the movable pieces 51b to 55b have female threaded portions that open to the pushing end face side at both ends in the width direction. The insertion hole and the female screw portion of the opposed movable piece are positioned coaxially with each other. In other words, each movable piece can connect the upper and lower movable pieces facing each other by screwing of the bolts.

[Material processing 1]
Forging was performed with the forging device 1 described above. As the material M, pure aluminum A1070-H112 material (having mechanical properties guaranteed as it was manufactured without adding work hardening: tensile strength 69 N / mm ² ) was used. The shape of the material M was a cylinder having a diameter of 40 mm and a length of 100 mm. Molding was performed by pushing the center part of the cylinder with the forging device 1 until the total pushing amount became 20 mm (the thickness after molding was 20 mm). The procedure will be described below.

  First, the material M was placed on the pushing end surface of the side tool 50b sandwiched between the side blocks 50e and 50f, and the material M was sandwiched between the side tools 50a and 50b. At this time, the surface of the side tool 50b and the side blocks 50e and 50f was the same plane. Next, in the side tool 50b, the movable piece 51b adjacent to the side block 50e was moved upward by 10 mm together with the material M. A square member 56 of 10 mm × 10 mm × 60 mm was inserted as a movable piece fixing member into the space on the bottom surface of the press device 10 formed by moving the movable piece 51b. Thus, the material M was held by the movable piece 51a and the movable piece 51b, as shown in FIG. 7 (1-1).

  Next, the press ram 12 of the pressing device 10 was moved to the rear end portion in the pushing direction of the movable piece 51a, and the movable piece 51a was pushed 10 mm by the press ram 12 (FIG. 7 (1-2)). Material M was crushed up and down by 5 mm each. In this state, two bolts (not shown) inserted through both ends of the movable piece 51a were screwed into the female thread portion of the movable piece 51b. The movable pieces 51a and 51b are connected by bolts with the material M sandwiched therebetween, and the positions of the movable pieces 51a and 51b and the material M are relatively fixed.

  In a state where the movable pieces 51a and 51b are connected by bolts, the movable piece 52b adjacent to the movable piece 51b in the side tool 50b is moved upward by 10 mm together with the material M. A square member 56 was inserted into the space on the bottom surface of the press device 10 formed by moving the movable piece 52b as in (1-1). Thus, as shown in FIG. 7 (1-3), the position of the movable pieces 51a and 51b with respect to the material M was fixed and the material M was held by the movable pieces 52a and 52b.

  Next, the press ram 12 was moved to the rear end of the movable piece 52a in the pushing direction, and the movable piece 52a was pushed 10 mm by the press ram 12 (FIG. 7 (1-4)). Material M was crushed up and down by 5 mm each. In this state, two bolts (not shown) inserted through both ends of the movable piece 52a were screwed into the female screw portion of the movable piece 52b. The movable pieces 52a and 52b are connected by bolts with the material M sandwiched therebetween, and the positions of the movable pieces 52a and 52b and the material M are relatively fixed.

  In the same procedure, the movable pieces 53a, 54a and 55a were sequentially pushed into the material M (FIGS. 7 (1-5) to (1-10)). As a result, the thickness of the central portion of the material M was molded to 30 mm. The above procedure was performed again on the material M, and the thickness of the central portion of the material M was 20 mm.

[Forging device 2]
The forging device 2 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 8, since the devices after (2-1) and (2-2) are the same device, only a part of the codes after (2-2) is described. The forging device 2 is provided in a pressing device 20 in which the forging tool 5 can press from two directions. The press device 60 includes a storage space 61 that stores the material M to be processed, and press rams 62 and 63 that can pressurize the storage space 61.

  The forging tool 5 includes a pair of side tools 50a and 50b. The side tool 50a is sandwiched between the side blocks 50c and 50d, and the side tool 50b is sandwiched between the side blocks 50e and 50f and disposed in the accommodation space 61.

  The side tools 50a and 50b have five movable pieces 51a to 55a and 51b to 55b that can press the material M independently of each other. The dimensions and shape of each movable piece are as described above. Five movable pieces 51a to 55a are stacked in the thickness direction in the order of 51a, 52a, 53a, 54a, 55a from the upper side to the lower side in the vertical direction to form a side tool 50a. Similarly, the movable pieces 51b to 55b are stacked in the thickness direction in the order of 51b, 52b, 53b, 54b, 55b from the upper side to the lower side in the vertical direction to form the side tool 50b. The movable pieces 51a and 51b, the movable pieces 52a and 52b, the movable pieces 53a and 53b, the movable pieces 54a and 54b, and the movable pieces 55a and 55b are arranged so that their pushing end faces face each other. Further, as already described, the movable pieces facing each other can be connected by bolts.

[Material processing 2]
Forging was performed with the forging device 2 described above. As the material M, the above-described pure aluminum A1070-H112 material (diameter 40 mm × length 100 mm) was used. Molding was performed by pushing the central part of the cylinder with the forging device 2 until the total pushing amount became 20 mm (the thickness after molding was 20 mm). The procedure will be described below.

  First, the material M was held between the movable piece 51a and the movable piece 51b (FIG. 8 (2-1)). Next, the press ram 62 of the pressing device 60 is moved to the rear end portion in the pushing direction of the movable piece 51a, and the press ram 63 is moved to the rear end portion in the pushing direction of the movable piece 51b, and each movable piece is pushed in by 5 mm (see FIG. 8 (2-2)). In this state, two bolts (not shown) inserted through both ends of the movable piece 51a were screwed into the female thread portion of the movable piece 51b. The movable pieces 51a and 51b are connected by bolts with the material M sandwiched therebetween, and the positions of the movable pieces 51a and 51b and the material M are relatively fixed.

  In a state where the movable pieces 51a and 51b are connected by bolts, the press ram 62 is moved to the rear end portion in the pushing direction of the movable piece 52a, and the press ram 63 is moved to the rear end portion in the pushing direction of the movable piece 52b. The pieces were pushed in by 5 mm (FIG. 8 (2-3)). In this state, two bolts (not shown) inserted through both ends of the movable piece 52a were screwed into the female screw portion of the movable piece 52b. The movable pieces 52a and 52b are connected by bolts with the material M sandwiched therebetween, and the positions of the movable pieces 52a and 52b and the material M are relatively fixed.

  In the same procedure, the movable pieces 53a and 53b, the movable pieces 54a and 54b, and the movable pieces 55a and 55b were sequentially pushed into the material M (FIGS. 8 (2-4) to (2-6)). As a result, the thickness of the central portion of the material M was molded to 30 mm. The above procedure was performed again on the material M, and the thickness of the central portion of the material M was 20 mm.

[Forging device 3]
The forging device 3 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 9, since the devices after (3-1) and (3-2) are the same device, only a part of the reference numerals after (3-2) is described. The forging device 3 has the same configuration as the forging device 1 except that the side tool 50b is not used and the movable pieces of the side tool 50a are three pieces 51a to 53a.

  A block-shaped side tool 50g is fixed to the bottom of the press device 10 instead of the side tool 50b and the side blocks 50e and 50f. The side tool 50g has six female screw portions formed at positions corresponding to the bolt insertion holes of the movable pieces 51a to 53b. Note that the side tool 50g and the side blocks 50c and 50d also serve as deformation restraints.

[Material processing 3]
Forging was performed with the forging device 3 described above. As the material M, the above-described pure aluminum A1070-H112 material (diameter 40 mm × length 100 mm) was used. Molding was performed by pushing the central part of the cylinder with the forging device 3 until the total pushing amount became 20 mm (the thickness after molding was 20 mm). The procedure will be described below.

  First, the material M was placed on the side tool 50g (FIG. 9 (3-1)). Next, the movable piece 52a was pushed in by 5 mm by the press ram 12 of the press device 10 (FIG. 9 (3-2)). In this state, two bolts (not shown) inserted through both end portions of the movable piece 52a were screwed into the female screw portion of the side tool 50g. The movable piece 52a and the side tool 50g are connected by bolts with the material M sandwiched therebetween, and the movable piece 52a and the material M are fixed to the side tool 50g fixed to the press device 10.

  With the movable piece 52a and the side tool 50g connected with bolts, the movable pieces 51a and 53a adjacent to the movable piece 52a were simultaneously pushed in by the press ram 12 by 5 mm (FIG. 9 (3-3)). The material M has a shape in which the range of 30 mm at the center is recessed by 5 mm. After that, when the connection between the movable piece 52a and the side tool 50g is released and the above procedure is repeated twice (FIGS. 9 (3-4) to (3-7)), the central portion of the material M is in total. The thickness of the center portion of the material M was 25 mm. Furthermore, the thickness of the central portion of the material M was set to 20 mm by pushing the central portion of the material M by 5 mm by the above procedure.

[Forging device 4]
The forging device 4 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 10, since the devices after (4-1) and (4-2) are the same device, only a part of the codes after (4-2) is described. The forging device 4 has the same configuration as the forging device 1 except that the side tool 50b is not used and the movable pieces of the side tool 50a are three pieces 51a to 53a.

  A block-shaped side tool 50h is fixed to the bottom of the press device 10 instead of the side tool 50b. The side tool 50h has six female screw portions formed at positions corresponding to bolt insertion holes of the movable pieces 51a to 53b. Further, the side tool 50h is disposed in a state where the pressing surface thereof is lowered 10 mm below the adjacent side blocks 50e and 50f. Note that the side tools 50c to 50h and the side block 50h also serve as deformation restraints.

[Material processing 4]
Forging was performed with the forging device 4 described above. As the material M, the above-described pure aluminum A1070-H112 material (diameter 40 mm × length 100 mm) was used. Molding was performed by pushing the central part of the cylinder with the forging device 4 until the total pushing amount became 30 mm (the thickness after molding was 20 mm). The procedure will be described below.

(Preliminary processing)
First, the material M was placed on the side blocks 50e and 50f (FIG. 10 (4-1)). At this time, the side tool 50h arranged in a state of being lowered downward does not come into contact with the material M. Next, the movable piece 52a was pushed in by 5 mm by the press ram 12 of the press device 10 (FIG. 10 (4-2)). Further, by pushing the movable pieces 51a and 53a by 5 mm, the material M was deformed and brought into contact with the side tool 50h as shown in (4-3).

(Main processing)
Subsequently, the movable piece 52a was pushed in by 5 mm by the press ram 12 (FIG. 10 (4-4)). In this state, two bolts (not shown) inserted through both end portions of the movable piece 52a were screwed into the female screw portion of the side tool 50h. The movable piece 52a and the side tool 50h are connected by a bolt with the material M sandwiched therebetween, and the movable piece 52a and the material M are fixed to the side tool 50h fixed to the press device 10.

  With the movable piece 52a and the side tool 50h connected with bolts, the movable pieces 51a and 53a adjacent to the movable piece 52a were simultaneously pushed in by the press ram 12 by 5 mm (FIG. 10 (4-5)). The material M had a shape in which the range of 30 mm at the center was recessed by 10 mm.

  Then, when the connection between the movable piece 52a and the side tool 50g is released and the above procedure is repeated twice (FIG. 10 (4-6) to (4-9)), the central portion of the material M is totaled. 20 mm was pushed in, and the thickness of the center part of the raw material M became 30 mm. Furthermore, the thickness of the central portion of the material M was set to 20 mm by pushing the central portion of the material M twice by 5 mm.

[Evaluation]
FIG. 11 is a photograph of the material M taken from the side. Moreover, the molded product obtained by processing the raw material M by said procedure with said forging apparatus 1,3, and 4 is shown in FIG.12, FIG.14 and FIG.15. However, the molded product shown in FIG. 12 is formed by the movable pieces 51a to 54a and 51b to 54b without using the movable pieces 55a and 55b in the forging device 1.

  FIG. 13 shows a molded product (comparative example) obtained by pressing each movable piece simultaneously into the material M by 20 mm without connecting the opposed movable pieces in the forging device 1. However, the movable pieces 55a and 55b were not used, and the movable pieces 51a to 54a and 51b to 54b were formed.

  By using the forging tool 1, the material flow was controlled in one direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. On the other hand, the molded product of the comparative example also flowed in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction as indicated by the arrows in FIG. Moreover, the load of the press ram was 5 to 6 tons at the time of processing the molded product shown in FIG. However, when processing the molded product shown in FIG. 13, the load of the press ram required 22 tons. That is, it was found that the forging apparatus of the present invention can control the flow of the material in one direction and can be molded with a low load.

  Further, when the forging device 3 and the forging device 4 were used, it was confirmed that the material smoothly flows from the central portion to both end portions.

[Forging device 5]
Below, the forging apparatus 5 provided with a displacement control member is demonstrated using FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view when the forging device 5 is viewed in a plane perpendicular to the pushing direction, and the lower view is a side view. The forging device 5 is a combination of the press device 10 described above, and the side tool 20a and the displacement control member 40 (FIG. 5) already described. Therefore, in the following description, only the arrangement of the side tool 20a and the displacement control member 40 with respect to the press device 10 will be described.

  Two side tools 20a and two displacement control members 40 are installed in the accommodating space 11 of the press device 10 with the movement direction of the displacement control member 40 downward in the vertical direction and the pressing direction of each movable piece in the horizontal direction. The two side tools 20a are placed on a pedestal 16 fixed to the bottom of the press device 10 so as to face each other. A cover plate 17 is further placed on the side tool 20a. Therefore, each movable piece of the side tool 20 a is sandwiched in the vertical direction (width direction of the movable piece) between the base 16 and the cover plate 17, and slides between the base 16 and the cover plate 17. At this time, the base 16 and the cover plate 17 are fixed to each other via the side blocks 20g to 20j that sandwich the five movable pieces in the thickness direction.

  The displacement control member 40 slidably moves along the side walls 11f that define the storage space 11 of the press device 10 and face each other. The displacement control member 40 is fixed to the same plate 49 at the rear end in the movement direction. The press ram 12 moves the displacement control member 40 downward by pressing the plate material 49 downward. In addition, by inserting the pushing amount adjusting plate 48 between the displacement control member 40 and the side wall 11f, the pushing amount of each movable piece can be adjusted according to the thickness of the pushing amount adjusting plate 48. The movement of each movable piece during the movement of the displacement control member 40 is as described above, and the same processing as [Material Processing 1] and [Material Processing 2] described above is possible.

10, 60: Press device 2, 5: Forging tool 20a, 20b: Side tool 21a, 22a, 23a, 24a, 25a, 21b, 22b, 23b, 24b, 25b: Movable piece 30: Bolt 40: Displacement control member 50a, 50b: Side tool 51a, 52a, 53a, 54a, 55a, 51b, 52b, 53b, 54b, 55b: Movable piece M: Material

Claims (5)

A forging tool that deforms the material by pressing the material to form a predetermined three-dimensional shape,
The forging tool has two or more side tools arranged around the material,
At least one of the side tools is composed of a plurality of movable pieces arranged from one end side to the other end side of the material and capable of pushing the material independently, and the material is formed by the plurality of movable pieces. A forging device that can be sequentially pushed into at least one of the one end side and the other end side,
Further, when the second movable piece adjacent to the first movable piece that has been pushed into the material first is pushed into the material among the plurality of movable pieces, the first movable piece, Forging comprising: the side tool facing the first movable piece; and tool locking means for holding the material by the first movable piece and the side tool while maintaining the relative position of the material. apparatus.   2. The forging device according to claim 1, wherein the tool locking means is a connecting tool that connects the first movable piece and the side tool facing the first movable piece and the material. The side tool has a third movable piece that faces the first movable piece across the material,
The forging device according to claim 2, wherein the connector connects the first movable piece and the third movable piece.   The tool locking means is in contact with the movable piece at the rear end portion in the push-in direction so as to abut on the abutment surface that regulates the displacement of the movable piece, and the rear end portion in the push-in direction of the movable piece. The forging device according to claim 1, wherein the forging device is a displacement control member having an inclined surface that moves the movable piece into the material by moving in a direction perpendicular to the pushing direction of the movable piece.   The forging device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plurality of movable pieces are positioned between two second movable pieces.