JP2010172233A5 - - Google Patents

Description

Seedling planting machine

  The present invention relates to a seedling planting machine capable of detecting a soil component by a soil component sensor simultaneously with a seedling planting operation by a seedling planting device.

  Analyzing the soil sampling collected by the soil sampling car in advance, creating a soil component map (map data) of the field, recording this mat data on a magnetic disk, and performing seedling planting work with a seedling transplanter Then, the fertilizer application of the seedling planter is controlled using this magnetic disk. A technique (for example, refer to Patent Document 1) is known in which the amount of fertilization is added to or reduced from a fertilizer application according to the distribution of soil components.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-17128 (page 4, FIG. 7).

  In the form of controlling the amount of fertilization by preparing a data map of soil component distribution by running another soil sampling car in advance as in the cited technology and loading this data map into a seedling planting machine and controlling it, In addition to the planting machine, a special soil sampling vehicle must be prepared, the work form is complicated, labor is required, and the cost is high.

The invention according to claim 1, the plant NaeUe device (1) seedlings in running soil surface is provided, the該苗planting device (1) provided with a float (2) for sliding the soil surface, said float ( the bottom of 2), or, characterized in that the float (the ground leveling rotor (3) unit for leveling the front soil surface 2), provided with a soil component sensor for detecting the soil component (4) NaeUe The machine configuration .

The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a fertilizer application device (5) for fertilizing the seedling planted soil surface simultaneously with the seedling planting by the seedling planting device (1), and fertilizer application device based on the detection of the soil component sensor (4) ( The seedling transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer application amount of 5) is controlled.
Invention of Claim 3 provides a soil component sensor (4) only in the center leveling rotor (3A) part among the some leveling rotors (3) arranged in right and left, and soil component sensor (4) is provided. The seedling transplanter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seedling transplanter is configured to include a disk that rotates integrally with the center leveling rotor (3A) and enters the soil.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the engine (14) is configured to transmit to the front wheels (12) and the rear wheels (15) via the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (21). The device (21) is operated and the rotational speed of the engine (14) is adjusted. When the clutch of the leveling rotor (3) is engaged, the engine (14) takes precedence over the operation of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (21). ) To increase the number of revolutions, and a hand accelerator for changing the number of revolutions of the engine (14) is provided. When the driver is not seated in the driver's seat (13), the hand accelerator is operated. The seedling transplanter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a change in the rotational speed of the engine (14) associated with the control is moderately controlled.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the soil component sensor 4 is mounted on the seedling planting machine, the configuration can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. 4 the can detect the soil component of seedling planting soil surface, the work can be performed efficiently, effectively. In particular, since the soil component sensor 4 is provided at the bottom of the float 2 or the leveling rotor 3 at the front side of the float 2, the soil component is controlled while holding or stirring the soil surface close to the seedling planting position. Can be detected accurately and accurately.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the seedling planting operation by the seedling planting machine, the amount of fertilizer applied by the fertilizer application device 5 based on the soil component detection is detected simultaneously with the component detection of the soil portion at the seedling planting position by the soil component sensor By performing the control, high efficiency and high efficiency seedling planting and fertilization can be performed. In addition, since the soil component sensor 4 and the fertilizer application device 5 are integrally attached to the seedling transplanter, the configuration can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
The invention described in claim 3 is provided with a soil component sensor 4 only in the central leveling rotor 3A, and a structure including a disk that rotates the soil component sensor 4 integrally with the central leveling rotor 3A and enters the soil. Therefore, soil components can be detected accurately and accurately.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the clutch of the leveling rotor (3) is engaged, the rotational speed of the engine (14) is increased in preference to the operation of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (21), thereby improving workability. To do. Further, when the driver is not seated in the driver's seat (13), the change in the rotational speed of the engine (14) accompanying the operation of the hand accelerator is moderated.

The side view of a seedling planting part. The plan view. The side view of a seedling transplanter. The plan view. The block diagram of fertilization control.

Based on the drawings, the seedling transplanter has a front wheel 12 steered by a handle 11 on a steering post 10 and a rear wheel 15 driven by an engine 14 mounted under a driver's seat 13 so as to arrange a four-wheel traveling tractor vehicle body. 16, and the seedling planting device 1 is mounted on the rear side of the vehicle body 16 via a lift link 17 in the form of a parallel link so as to be movable up and down. A fertilizer device 5 is mounted on the rear portion of the vehicle body 16 and interlocked. An auxiliary seedling receiving frame 19 is provided on the front outer side of the side floor 18 of the vehicle body 16 to place a seedling tray on which mat seedlings have been raised. Between the vehicle body 16 a front portion of the front wheel 12, the transmission case 20 and the hydraulic stepless transmission 21 is provided to drive the hydraulic stepless transmission 21 from the engine 14, the transmission case 20 from the hydraulic stepless speed change device 21 The front wheel 12 and the rear wheel interlocking shaft 22 are transmitted through the auxiliary transmission device and the like, and the rear axle 23 and the like for mounting the rear wheel 15 are transmitted. The transmission case 20 is configured to transmit the seedling planting input shaft 25 of the seedling planting device 1, the fertilizer application device 5, and the like via the PTO shaft 24. The lift link 17 is lifted and lowered by hydraulic expansion and contraction of a lift cylinder 26 at the rear of the vehicle body 16. Reference numeral 49 denotes a lead cam which guides the seedling tank 29 to reciprocate in the left-right direction with respect to the seedling nail 31.

  The seedling planting apparatus 1 receives a mat seedling and is driven intermittently by a feeding belt 27 to feed a seedling tank 29 in a multi-row planting form toward a seedling separation port 28 at the rear lower end, and a rear of a seedling planting transmission case 30. The float 2 supporting the lower surface of the seedling planting transmission case 30 is formed on the lower side of the seedling planting claw 31. Are arranged as a center float 2A and side floats 2B on both the left and right sides, and are supported so as to be swingable up and down around a float shaft 32 at the rear. The depth of the sliding soil surface is detected by the vertical swing of the center float 2A, the control valve of the hydraulic circuit of the lift cylinder 26 is operated, and the seedling planting device 1 is moved up and down to keep the planting depth constant. Can be controlled to maintain. The seedling planting claws 31 are arranged in a seedling separation port 28 of the seedling tank 1 when the upper end portion of the seedling planting locus line D is operated as a multi-row planting configuration that operates corresponding to the flat portions on the left and right sides of each float 2. While intervening and separating seedlings, the held seedlings are planted on the soil surface leveled with the float 2 to an appropriate depth.

  A scraper rotor as a leveling rotor 3 is arranged on the front side of each float 2 and the rear axle 23 is driven from the transmission mechanism portion of the rear axle transmission case 33 via the rotor interlocking shaft 34. Since the center float 2A protrudes long forward with respect to the side float 2B, the leveling rotor 3 disposed on the front side of the center float 2A also connects the center rotor 3A on the front side of the center float 2A to the front side of the side float 2B. The center float 2A and the center rotor 3A are disposed on the center line portion of the vehicle body 16 at the central portion between the left and right rear wheels 15, and are disposed on the front side of the rotor 3B. , And the side rotor 3B are provided to face the rear side of the left and right rear wheel 15 tracks.

  A rotor transmission case 37 is supported on the front side of the seedling transmission case 30 via a frame arm 35, a front frame 36, and the like. Between the front end portions of the left and right rotor transmission cases 37, the center rotor 3A The left and right ends of the rotor shaft 38 are supported, and the inner end of the rotor shaft 39 of the side rotor 3B is supported outside the rear end of the rotor transmission case 37. An input shaft 40 is provided at the rear end portion of the left rotor transmission case 37, and the rear end portion of the rotor interlocking shaft 34 is connected to transmit and rotate the left rotor shaft 39. The center rotor shaft 38, the right side rotor shaft 39, and the like are transmitted and rotated from 39 through the chain in the rotor transmission case 37. A suspension rod 41 for suspending the front portion of the rotor transmission case 37 to the front portion of the front frame 36 and a spring 42 are provided. When raising and lowering the seedling planting device 1 by expansion and contraction of the lift cylinder 26, the float 2, the leveling rotor 3 and the like can be raised and lowered integrally.

The fertilizer 5 includes a fertilizer hopper 43 that stores fertilizer, a feeding device 44 that feeds the fertilizer of the fertilizer hopper 43, a blower 45 that transports the fertilizer fed from the feeding device 44, and the fertilizer of the float 2. It consists of fertilizer hose 47 etc. which guides to grooving machine 46 formed in the bottom. The feeding device 44 can be configured to increase or decrease the amount of fertilizer fed according to the degree of opening / closing of the control valve or the number of revolutions of the feeding roll, and the operation can be controlled by the output from the controller 48.

  Here, in the bottom part of the float 2 that supports the seedling planting device 1 for planting seedlings on the traveling soil surface and slides on the soil surface, or in the leveling rotor 3 part that levels the soil surface on the front side of the float 2, A soil component sensor 4 for detecting a soil component is provided, and the soil component on the seedling-planted soil surface is detected by the soil component sensor 4 while the seedling planting device 1 performs seedling planting. A seedling is supplied to the seedling planting apparatus 1 to perform seedling planting work. By the seedling planting operation of this seedling planting machine, the seedling planting soil surface is leveled by sliding the float 2, and seedling planting by the seedling planting device 1 is performed on the soil surface of this leveling. In such a seedling planting operation, in the form in which the soil component sensor 4 is provided at the bottom of the float 2, the soil component is detected by the soil component sensor 4 simultaneously with the leveling action of the soil surface due to the sliding of the float 2. Further, in the embodiment in which the leveling rotor 3 is provided on the front side of the float 2 and the soil component sensor 4 is provided on the leveling rotor 3, the soil surface in front of the float 2 is leveled by the driving of the leveling rotor 3. At the same time, it is detected by the soil component sensor 4 in this portion. In this way, the soil portion detected by the soil component sensor 4 is leveled by the rear leveling rotor 3 or leveled by the float 2 to perform seedling planting action.

  Moreover, the amount of fertilizer application of the fertilizer application | coating apparatus 5 which fertilizes simultaneously to the seedling planting soil surface is provided by control by the said soil component sensor 4 so that control is possible. As described above, the soil surface on which the float 2 slides or the soil surface that is leveled by the leveling rotor 3 is detected by the soil component sensor 4, and the fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer application 5 is controlled based on the detected value.

  Grooves 46 are provided in the leveling portions of the floats 2 so as to form grooves at the front soil surface position of the seedling claw 31 that is planted in the rear side portion. The tip of the fertilizer hose 47 is looked above the grooving device 46, and the fertilizer conveyed from the fertilizer applying device 5 is received and fed into the groove. The grooving device 46 is provided with a slight deviation in the left and right lateral directions with respect to the planting position by the seedling planting claw 31. The soil component sensor 4 is protruded from the bottom surface of the float 2 at an intermediate position between the pair of left and right groove producing units 46 of each float 2 to form an electrode terminal configuration, and the soil surface pressed by the bottom surface of the float 2 is submerged. However, the soil component that is in sliding contact with the soil component sensor 4 is electronically detected. In particular, it is assumed that the fertilizer and the amount of nutrient components contained in the soil are input to the controller 48.

  The fertilizer feed amount of the feeding device 44 corresponding to the detection sensor 4 is controlled by the detection value of each float 2 by the soil component sensor 4. When the detected fertilizer component value is high, the feeding amount is decreased, and conversely, when the detected fertilizer component is low, the feeding device 44 is driven and controlled to increase the feeding amount.

  The soil component sensor 4 is provided in the leveling rotor 3 in the form of a disk that is positioned at the center of the width of the leveling rotor 3 and rotates integrally with the rotor shafts 38 and 39. It can be set as the form which detects the soil component of a sliding contact soil surface, intervening rotation in depth. Further, it may be configured as a sled shape that protrudes from the upper front frame 36 or the float 2 at the center of the leveling area by the leveling rotor 3 and is inserted like a sled.

  Further, as described above, in the form in which a plurality of floats 2 or leveling rotors 3 are arranged, the soil component sensor 4 can be configured to have only the center center float 2A or leveling rotor 3A. When such a soil component sensor 4 is made into a single form, all the feeding devices 44 are controlled by the detection of the soil component sensor 4.

  The hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic circuit that drives the lift cylinder 26 and the like can be used as a full pressure state when the ground leveling rotor 3 is mounted and a scraping operation is performed. In addition, when the seedling planting device 1 or the leveling rotor 3 is automatically lifted by an automatic lift, such as steering at the shore, when the vehicle body 16 or the seedling planting device 1 or the like is greatly inclined, this auto The lift control is automatically switched to the OFF state to achieve stability of the aircraft steering.

  In addition, a hand accelerator is configured in the accelerator operation of the engine 14, but when the driver is not seated in the driver's seat 13, the microcomputer is controlled via a controller so that the operation response is moderated. On slopes, it is possible to maintain the operational stability by slowly changing the speed up and down.

  Further, in the case of an automatic accelerator that automatically adjusts the rotation of the engine 14 when the shift lever is operated, the rotation of the engine 14 is preferentially raised when the traveling ground is an inclined ground. Alternatively, it is possible to increase the idling rotation to improve workability. Further, when the clutch of the leveling rotor 3 is engaged, it is possible to improve the workability by preferentially raising the rotation of the engine 14. In addition, the auto accelerator when the clutch is disengaged can give priority to the rotation of the engine 14 to prevent output shortage, improve feeling, and improve workability. When the auto marker is turned off, the auto accelerator can raise the feeling by operating the trunnion arm of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 21 after the engine 14 is first rotated. Further, when the turn of the steering wheel 11 is turned on and the auto-turn is turned on when the seedling planting clutch is engaged and disengaged, priority is given to the increase in rotation of the engine 14.

1 Seedling planting device 2 Float 3 Leveling rotor 4 Soil component sensor 5 Fertilizer

Claims (4)

A seedling planting device (1) for planting seedlings on the traveling soil surface is provided, and the seedling planting device (1) is provided with a float (2) that slides on the soil surface, or at the bottom of the float (2) or this A seedling transplanter characterized in that a soil component sensor (4) for detecting a soil component is provided in a leveling rotor (3) for leveling the front soil surface of the float (2). NaeUe device (1) Fertilization apparatus fertilization seedling planting soil surface simultaneously with the seedling planting by providing (5), to control the amount of fertilizer fertilization device (5) on the basis of the detection of the soil component sensor (4) Configuration seedling planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the the. A soil component sensor (4) is provided only in the center leveling rotor (3A) portion of the plurality of leveling rotors (3) arranged on the left and right, and the soil component sensor (4) is connected to the center leveling rotor (3A). The seedling planting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the seedling planting machine is configured to include a disk that integrally rotates and enters the soil. The engine (14) is configured to transmit to the front wheels (12) and the rear wheels (15) via the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (21), and the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (21) is operated by operating the shift lever and the engine. (14) The speed of the engine (14) is adjusted so that the speed of the engine (14) is increased in preference to the operation of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission (21) when the clutch of the leveling rotor (3) is engaged. And a hand accelerator for changing the rotational speed of the engine (14) is provided. When the driver is not seated in the driver's seat (13), the rotational speed of the engine (14) accompanying the operation of the hand accelerator is provided. The seedling transplanter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is configured to gently control a change in the size.