JP2010167902A - Small vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small vessel capable of mounting an electrical appliance having larger electric power consumption amount per unit time than power generation amount per unit time by a generator of an engine of a propulsion machine. <P>SOLUTION: This small vessel (pleasure boat) 1 includes: an outboard motor 3 mounted on a hull 2, including an engine 3a and an alternator 3c generating power by rotation of the engine 3a and propelling the hull 2 by driving force of the engine 3a; a battery 21 for an air conditioner for storing electricity generated by the alternator 3c; a solar battery panel 25 for performing photovoltaic power generation and supplying power to the battery 21 for the air conditioner; and the air conditioner 13 driven by the electricity stored in the battery 21 for the air conditioner and having larger power consumption per unit time than the power generation amount per unit time of the alternator 3c. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a small vessel, and more particularly, to a small vessel provided with a propulsion device that propels a hull by the driving force of an engine.

  DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART Conventionally, the small ship (pleasure boat) provided with the propulsion apparatus which propels a hull with the driving force of an engine is known (for example, refer patent document 1).

  Patent Document 1 discloses a pleasure boat equipped with simple air conditioning equipment. Specifically, an air-conditioning effect (cooling effect or heating effect) is obtained by loading a small pleasure boat with a heat insulating container containing a cold heat source such as ice or a heat source and supplying the heat or heat from the heat insulating container using a fan. Effect).

  However, the simple air conditioning facility of Patent Document 1 has a disadvantage that it is difficult to obtain a sufficient air conditioning effect as compared with an air conditioner driven by electricity (hereinafter referred to as “air conditioner”). . For this reason, there has been a demand for mounting an air conditioner on a small boat such as a pleasure boat.

  Here, in a general ship, since the power generation amount per unit time by the generator (alternator) of the engine of the propulsion unit such as an outboard motor is significantly smaller than the electricity consumption per unit time of the air conditioner, the propulsion unit However, there is an inconvenience that it is difficult to drive the air conditioner only by the power generation by the alternator of the engine. Therefore, in a large vessel, in addition to power generation by an alternator of a propulsion engine, power is generated by a separate engine generator provided separately to generate electric power for driving an air conditioner.

JP 2006-234229 A

  However, an engine generator capable of generating electric power that can drive an air conditioner becomes large and takes up a large space. In a small vessel such as a pleasure boat, there is no space for arranging such a large engine generator, so it is difficult to install the engine generator from the viewpoint of the arrangement space. Therefore, it is difficult for small vessels to mount electrical equipment such as an air conditioner that consumes more electricity per unit time than the amount of power generated per unit time by an alternator (generator) of a propulsion engine. There is a point.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and one object of the present invention is to increase the electric power consumption per unit time rather than the power generation amount per unit time by the generator of the engine of the propulsion device. It is to provide a small vessel capable of mounting a large amount of electrical equipment.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  In order to achieve the above object, a small vessel according to one aspect of the present invention is attached to a hull, includes an engine and a main generator that generates electric power by rotating the engine, and propels the hull by the driving force of the engine. A propulsion device, a power storage unit that stores electricity generated by the main generator, a solar power generation unit that performs solar power generation and supplies power to the power storage unit, and is driven by electricity stored in the power storage unit, And an electric device that consumes more power per unit time than the amount of power generated by the generator per unit time.

  In the small vessel according to this aspect, as described above, the solar power generation unit that supplies power to the power storage unit is provided, and the power is generated and stored in the power storage unit by the main power generation unit and the solar power generation unit of the engine of the propulsion unit. The generated electricity drives an electric device that consumes more power per unit time than the power generation amount per unit time of the main generator. By configuring in this way, the amount of power generated by the solar power generation unit and the power stored in the power storage unit increase, so the power consumption per unit time of the electrical equipment is the unit of the main generator of the propulsion engine Even when it is larger than the power generation amount per hour, the electric device can be driven using the electricity stored in the power storage unit. As a result, electric equipment can be driven without installing a large engine generator separately, so even in small vessels, the amount of electricity consumed per unit time is greater than the amount of power generated per unit time by the engine of the propulsion unit. Electric equipment can be installed. Further, by providing the solar power generation unit that supplies power to the power storage unit, even when the engine of the propulsion device is not driven, the solar power generation unit can supply power to the power storage unit and charge it. Thus, charging can be performed even in a situation where there is no external facility for supplying power to the power storage unit at the berth. Therefore, it is possible to easily charge the power storage unit of a small ship that is often anchored at a berth where there is no charging facility.

  In the small boat according to the above aspect, the electrical device preferably includes an air conditioner. If comprised in this way, the air conditioner with large power consumption can be easily mounted by the structure by said one situation.

  In the small boat according to the above aspect, the propulsion device is preferably an outboard motor, and the engine is an engine of the outboard motor. If comprised in this way, in the small ship in which the outboard motor was installed, the electric equipment whose power consumption per unit time is larger than the electric power generation amount per unit time of a main generator can be mounted easily.

  In the small ship according to the above aspect, preferably, the small ship is a small pleasure boat, and the solar power generation unit generates power at least when the pleasure boat that does not drive the engine is not used, and supplies power to the power storage unit. Is configured to supply. If comprised in this way, since a pleasure boat is used less frequently (for example, once a week) compared with a business vessel, a non-use period becomes long. Therefore, in the pleasure boat, in the long non-use period, it is possible to generate a large amount of power by the solar power generation unit and to store a large amount of power in the power storage unit. As a result, even when the amount of power in the power storage unit decreases due to the use of electrical equipment, the amount of power in the power storage unit is reduced to the amount of power required to use the electrical device by the next use of the pleasure boat. It can be recovered easily. As a result, even when electrical equipment is installed in a pleasure boat that is often anchored in a berth where there is no charging facility, using the power accumulated by the power generation by the solar power generation unit during the non-use period of the pleasure boat, Electric equipment can be used easily.

  In the configuration in which the solar power generation unit generates power when the pleasure boat is not used, preferably, when the pleasure boat that drives the engine is used, the power generated by the main generator by driving the engine when the pleasure boat is used And at least when the pleasure boat is not used, the electric device is configured to be driven using the electric power generated by the solar power generation unit. According to this configuration, when the pleasure boat is used after a non-use period after the pleasure boat has been used once, the power of the power storage unit whose charge amount has been recovered by power generation by the solar power generation unit when not in use, The electric device can be driven using the electric power generated by the generator. As a result, it is possible to easily drive an electric device whose power consumption per unit time is larger than the power generation amount per unit time of the main generator.

  In this case, preferably, the solar power generation unit is configured to generate power when the pleasure boat is used in addition to when the pleasure boat is not used, and to supply electric power to the power storage unit. At times, the electric equipment is driven using the power generated by the main generator by driving the engine when using the pleasure boat and the power generated by the solar power generator when using and not using the pleasure boat. It is comprised so that. With this configuration, when the pleasure boat is used after a non-use period after the pleasure boat has been used once, the power of the power storage unit whose charge has been restored, the power generated by the main generator, and solar power generation The electric device can be driven using the electric power generated by the unit. As a result, it is possible to drive for a long time an electric device that consumes more power per unit time than the power generation amount per unit time of the main generator.

  In the small boat according to the above aspect, the power storage unit preferably includes a first power storage unit connected to the main generator and a second power storage unit connected to the electrical device, the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit The power storage unit is connected via a subcharger for storing electricity in the second power storage unit in a state where a predetermined amount of electricity is stored in the first power storage unit. If comprised in this way, even when the amount of electricity of the 2nd electrical storage part is lost by using electrical equipment, it can prevent that an electrical equipment is driven using the electric power of the 1st electrical storage part. . As a result, it is possible to prevent the amount of electricity stored in the first power storage unit from becoming smaller than a predetermined amount, so that the amount of electricity for driving a starter or the like when starting the engine of the propulsion device is secured. Can do.

  In the configuration in which the power storage unit includes the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit, the solar power generation unit is preferably connected to the second power storage unit. If comprised in this way, the electric power generated by the solar power generation part can be directly supplied to the second power storage part without going through the subcharger. As a result, unlike the case where the solar power generation unit is connected to the first power storage unit, power can be supplied from the solar power generation unit to the second power storage unit without operating the subcharger. It is possible to prevent consumption of the power for the amount to be used. Thereby, the charge amount of the second power storage unit can be recovered quickly.

  In the configuration in which the power storage unit includes the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit, preferably, the second power storage unit includes a deep cycle battery. If comprised in this way, even if the electric quantity of a 2nd electrical storage part becomes small by use of an electric equipment, it can suppress that the performance of a 2nd electrical storage part falls.

  In the configuration in which the electric device includes an air conditioner, the hull is preferably provided with a cabin, a windshield is disposed in front of the cabin, and a dashboard is disposed below the windshield. And a temperature rise suppression means provided on the lower part of the windshield or on the surface of the dashboard, and for suppressing the temperature rise of the dashboard. If comprised in this way, since it can suppress that the temperature of a dashboard raises by a temperature rise suppression means, it can suppress that the temperature of a cabin rises by the radiant heat from a dashboard. Thereby, even if the air conditioning capability of the air conditioner is reduced, the air conditioning effect of the cabin can be sufficiently obtained, so that the power consumption of the air conditioner can be reduced. Thereby, an air conditioner can be driven for a long time.

  In the configuration including the temperature rise suppression means, the temperature rise suppression means preferably includes a cover member that is attached to the surface of the dashboard and is made of a material that is less likely to increase in temperature than the dashboard material. If comprised in this way, since it can suppress that the temperature of a dashboard raises with a cover member, it can suppress that the temperature of a passenger compartment rises.

  In the configuration including the temperature rise suppression means, preferably, the temperature rise suppression means includes a dashboard surface having a color in which the temperature is less likely to rise due to sunlight than black, and the windshield has an inclination angle of 50 degrees or more. Have If comprised in this way, it will suppress that the temperature of a dashboard raises by making the dashboard which normally has black into a color (light color, such as gray) which a temperature does not rise easily more easily than sunlight. Since it can do, it can suppress that the temperature of a passenger compartment rises. Further, by brightening the color of the dashboard, the image of the dashboard is easily reflected on the windshield, and it is difficult for the driver to see the outside of the cabin through the windshield. In this case, in the present invention, by setting the inclination angle of the windshield to 50 degrees or more, the dashboard image can be suppressed from entering the driver's eyes through the windshield. Even if the color of the dashboard is brightened in order to suppress the temperature rise, it is possible to prevent the driver from seeing the outside of the cabin through the windshield.

  In the configuration including the temperature rise suppression means, the temperature rise suppression means preferably includes a light shielding portion that is provided at a lower portion of the windshield and shields at least part of sunlight. If comprised in this way, since it can suppress that sunlight hits a dashboard by the light-shielding part, it can suppress that the temperature of a dashboard rises. Thereby, it can suppress that the temperature of a passenger compartment raises.

  In this case, preferably, the light-shielding portion is provided in an area below the line through which the edge of the bow portion of the hull as viewed from the driver of the driver's seat passes through the windshield. With this configuration, even when the light-shielding part is provided at the lower part of the windshield, the driver's field of view is limited by the light-shielding part, so It can be suppressed that the region above the line through which the edge passes is not visible.

  In the configuration in which the electric device includes an air conditioner, the hull is preferably provided with a driver's seat, and the air conditioner includes a main body that performs heat exchange and a supply port that sends out the heat-exchanged air. The supply port is configured to be able to send out heat-exchanged air at least toward the driver's seat. If comprised in this way, since the heat exchanged air can be directly applied to a driver | operator, in the case of cooling, a driver | operator's sensible temperature can be lowered | hung. Thereby, even if the air conditioning capability of the air conditioner is reduced, a sufficient air conditioning effect can be obtained (the driver feels cool), and thus the power consumption of the air conditioner can be reduced. Thereby, an air conditioner can be driven for a long time.

  The air conditioner includes a supply port that sends out heat-exchanged air. Preferably, a windshield is disposed in front of the driver's seat, and the supply port has air that is heat-exchanged toward the windshield. It is possible to send out. If comprised in this way, fogging of a windshield can be easily taken by sending out the heat-exchanged air toward a windshield.

  In the configuration in which the air conditioner includes a supply port that sends out heat-exchanged air, preferably, the main body of the air conditioner is disposed below the driver's seat. If comprised in this way, the main-body part of an air conditioner can be installed in the small ship where space was limited, utilizing effectively the dead space of the lower part of a driver's seat.

It is a typical side view showing the whole pleasure boat composition by a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a typical top view showing the whole pleasure boat composition by a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the cabin of the pleasure boat by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the periphery of the driver's seat provided in the cabin of the pleasure boat by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the inclination angle of the windshield of the pleasure boat by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the inclination angle of the windshield of the pleasure boat by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the comparative example 1 for demonstrating the inclination angle of the windshield of the pleasure boat by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows each component of the pleasure boat by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the detail of each component of the pleasure boat by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical side view which shows the whole structure of the pleasure boat by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical top view showing the whole pleasure boat composition by a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the scenery seen through the windshield from the driver | operator who sat in the driver's seat of the pleasure boat by 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
First, with reference to FIGS. 1-9, the structure of the pleasure boat 1 by 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. In the first embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to a pleasure boat 1 as an example of a “small ship” will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pleasure boat 1 according to the first embodiment includes a hull 2 and an outboard motor 3 attached to the stern portion 2 a of the hull 2. The outboard motor 3 includes an engine 3a that generates a driving force by burning fuel and a propeller 3b that is rotated by the driving force of the engine 3a. By the propulsive force of the outboard motor 3, the hull 2 can be propelled in the forward direction (arrow A direction) and the reverse direction (arrow B direction). Further, the outboard motor 3 includes an alternator 3c that generates electric power using rotation of the engine 3a, and electricity generated by the alternator 3c is configured to be charged in a main battery 20 described later. The main battery 20 supplies power to each electrical component of the outboard motor 3, and particularly functions as a power source for driving a cell motor (not shown) when the engine 3a is started. The outboard motor 3 and the alternator 3c are examples of the “propulsion device” and the “main generator” of the present invention, respectively.

  A cabin 4 is provided at the center of the hull 2. The cabin 4 is provided with a driver's seat 5 for a driver who operates the pleasure boat 1 to sit on the front part on the right side in the forward direction. The driver's seat 5 is provided on the box 5a. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a dash provided in front of the driver's seat 5 with instruments for confirming the ship speed, fuel remaining amount, etc., a handle 6 for turning the outboard motor 3, and the like. A board 7 is arranged. A box-shaped operation lever installation portion 8 is disposed on the right side of the driver's seat 5 toward the front, and the outboard motor 3 is shifted to the upper portion of the operation lever installation portion 8 (forward, reverse, and neutral). And an operation lever 9 for adjusting the propulsive force of the outboard motor 3 are disposed. A windshield 10 is installed in front of the cabin 4 and the operator can view the outside of the cabin 4 through the windshield 10. Above the windshield 10 outside the cabin 4, a sunshade 11 is attached that protrudes so as to cover the windshield 10 from above. Two passenger seats 12 are arranged on the left side of the cabin 4 in front.

  In 1st Embodiment, in order to suppress that the temperature of the passenger compartment 4 rises, it suppresses that the temperature of the dashboard 7 in which the sunlight hits most easily in the passenger compartment 4 and the temperature rises easily. Specifically, the surface on the windshield 10 side of the dashboard 7 (the upper surface 7a of the dashboard 7) has a white surface. Along with making the surface of the dashboard 7 white, the inclination angle α (see FIG. 1) of the windshield 10 with respect to the horizontal plane is set to 50 degrees or more. 5-7, the inclination angle of the windshield 10 relative to the horizontal plane is 50 degrees or more (see FIG. 6 where the inclination angle of the windshield 10 is 50 degrees and FIG. 5 where the inclination angle of the windshield 10 is 60 degrees). ), Unlike the case where the tilt angle is smaller than 50 degrees (see FIG. 7 (Comparative Example 1) where the tilt angle of the windshield 10a is 40 degrees), the reflection of the dashboard 7 on the windshield 10 is reflected. Is suppressed from occurring.

  Here, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the pleasure boat 1 has an air conditioner 13 (hereinafter referred to as an air conditioner 13) for air conditioning (cooling and heating) of the cabin 4. Is installed. The air conditioner 13 includes a main body portion 14 that performs heat exchange, two supply ports 15 and 16 that supply air (cold air or warm air) that is heat-exchanged by the main body portion 14, a main body portion 14, a supply port 15, and a supply port 16. The two ducts 17 and the duct 18 are connected to each other. The air conditioner 13 is an example of the “electric device” in the present invention.

  The supply port 15 is disposed in front of the operation lever 9 in the upper part of the operation lever installation portion 8. The supply port 15 is installed so as to open upward. The supply port 16 is disposed in the leftmost region in the forward direction on the slope 7b on the driver's seat 5 side of the dashboard 7. The supply port 16 is installed so as to open toward the rear upper side (direction perpendicular to the inclined surface 7b of the dashboard 7).

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the opening of the supply port 15 and the opening of the supply port 16 are formed in a circular shape, and louvers 15 a and 16 a are provided in the opening. The louvers 15a and 16a have a plurality of blades arranged in parallel, and are configured to be able to change the inclination angle of the blades. The louvers 15a and 16a are attached to the opening so as to be rotatable about the center point of the opening along the circular edge of the opening. The flow direction of the air supplied from the supply port 15 and the supply port 16 can be changed by adjusting the inclination angle and the rotation position of the louvers 15a and 16a. Specifically, the flow direction of air from the supply port 15 is directed toward the driver's seat 5 (the upper body of the person sitting in the driver's seat 5), toward the upper side of the cabin 4, and toward the windshield 10. Adjustable in direction. Further, the flow direction of air from the supply port 16 can be adjusted to a direction toward the driver's seat 5 side or a direction toward the passenger seat 12 side.

  The two ducts 17 and 18 are branched from one duct 19 drawn out from the main body 14. The duct 19 extends from the main body portion 14 toward the operation lever installation portion 8, and the duct 17 is connected to the supply port 15 through the inside of the operation lever installation portion 8. The duct 18 extends forward through the inside of the operation lever installation portion 8, and then is connected to the supply port 16 through the dashboard 7.

  The main body 14 installed in the box 5a below the driver's seat 5 is configured to suck air from the front side (the feet of the person sitting on the driver's seat 5).

  The air conditioner 13 has a power consumption per unit time (about 50 amps) larger than a power generation amount per unit time (about 25 amps) of the alternator 3c of the outboard motor 3. For this reason, in the first embodiment, in addition to the electricity generated by the alternator 3c of the outboard motor 3, the air conditioner 13 is driven using electricity generated by the solar panel 25 described later and stored in the air conditioner battery 21. To supply power. Hereinafter, a configuration for supplying power to the air conditioner 13 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the first embodiment, the main battery 20 connected to the alternator 3 c of the outboard motor 3 and the air conditioner battery 21 connected to the air conditioner 13 are connected via the subcharger 22. It has the structure made. The main battery 20 includes a main battery 20a and an accessory battery 20b, and the accessory battery 20b is connected to the subcharger 22. The main battery 20a has a function of supplying electric power for driving a cell motor (not shown) when the engine 3a is started. The accessory battery 20b has a function of supplying power such as a GPS fish detector (not shown). By configuring the main battery 20 from the main battery 20a and the accessory battery 20b, the engine 3a can be operated by the main battery 20a even when the GPS battery is used for a long time and the amount of power stored in the accessory battery 20b becomes zero. It is possible to secure electric power for starting. The subcharger 22 has a function of supplying power from the alternator 3c to the air conditioner battery 21 in a state where the charge amount of the main battery 20 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. That is, the sub-charger 22 is configured so that the main battery 20 is charged with electric power from the alternator 3c in preference to the air-conditioner battery 21. The main battery 20 and the accessory battery 20b are examples of the “power storage unit” and the “first power storage unit” in the present invention. The air conditioner battery 21 is an example of the “power storage unit” and the “second power storage unit” in the present invention.

  The air conditioner battery 21 includes three deep cycle batteries 21a. Here, the deep cycle battery 21a is different from a starter battery (for example, main battery 20a and accessory battery 20b) that is always charged from an engine or the like, and is a battery that is used when the battery is used from full charge until the charge becomes empty. Thus, even when the charge is emptied, the deterioration of the performance is reduced. Each deep cycle battery 21a can store a predetermined amount of electricity (electricity at 70 amperes in the first embodiment). The air conditioner battery 21 and the air conditioner 13 are connected via a voltage relay 23 and an inverter 24. The voltage relay 23 has a function of protecting the inverter 24 and the air conditioner 13 from a sudden change in voltage that occurs when the air conditioner 13 is started and stopped. The inverter 24 has a function of converting direct current (DC) of the air conditioner battery 21 into alternating current (AC).

  Here, in the first embodiment, the solar cell panel 25 is installed on the outer surface of the cabin 4 of the hull 2, and the electric power generated by the solar cell panel 25 is directly charged to the air conditioner battery 21. It is configured. The solar battery panel 25 generates power both when the pleasure boat 1 is used (when the engine 3a is being driven) and when it is not being used (when the engine 3a is not being driven) to charge the air conditioner battery 21. It is configured. In addition, the pleasure boat 1 is provided with a land power inlet 26, and when there is a power supply facility at the port, the power supply facility cable is inserted into the land power inlet 26 and charged to the air conditioner battery 21 via the charger 27. Is possible. The solar cell panel 25 is an example of the “solar power generation unit” in the present invention.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, an operation panel 24 a of the inverter 24 is installed on the upper side of the windshield 10 in the cabin 4. The operation panel 24 a is provided with an indicator 24 b that displays the voltage of the inverter 24, and is configured to display the remaining power of the air conditioner battery 21 (the usable time of the air conditioner 13) by color. Specifically, the indicator 24b is lit in green when the remaining amount of the air conditioner battery 21 is sufficient, is lit in orange when the remaining amount is low, and is lit in red when the remaining amount is insufficient. It is configured.

  Next, referring to Table 1, the driveable time of the air conditioner 13 of the pleasure boat 1 according to the first embodiment will be described.

表１では、第１実施形態によるプレジャーボート１がアイドリングを２時間と通常の航走を４時間行った場合の発電量および電力消費量の関係を示している。航走時のオルタネータ３ｃによる発電量は平均して２５アンペア時である。この場合、オルタネータ３ｃによる発電量（総充電量）は、２５×４＝１００アンペア時である。また、エアコン用バッテリー２１の３つのディープサイクルバッテリー２１ａには、それぞれ７０アンペア時の電力（放電容量）が蓄えられているので、エアコン用バッテリー２１の総放電量は２１０アンペア時である。

Table 1 shows the relationship between the power generation amount and the power consumption when the pleasure boat 1 according to the first embodiment performs idling for 2 hours and normal cruising for 4 hours. The average amount of power generated by the alternator 3c at the time of sailing is 25 ampere hours. In this case, the power generation amount (total charge amount) by the alternator 3c is 25 × 4 = 100 ampere hours. Moreover, since the power (discharge capacity) of 70 ampere hours is stored in each of the three deep cycle batteries 21a of the air conditioner battery 21, the total discharge amount of the air conditioner battery 21 is 210 ampere hours.

  Under this condition, when the air conditioner 13 with a current consumption of 50 amps is driven, the maximum air conditioner usage time is (100 + 210) ÷ 50 = 6.2 hours. Normally, a pleasure boat has a cruising time of about 4 hours per day, so it can be seen that the pleasure boat 1 according to the first embodiment can drive the air conditioner 13 for a sufficiently long time in practice.

  Next, with reference to Table 2 and Table 3, the usage aspect of the air conditioner 13 of the pleasure boat 1 by 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.

表２では、第１実施形態によるプレジャーボート１を１週間に１日のペースで、エアコン１３を駆動しながら４時間航走させた場合のエアコン１３の駆動状況を検討した結果を示している。また、表３では、太陽電池パネル２５による充電システムを備えていない比較例２によるプレジャーボートについても、同様の条件でエアコン１３の駆動状況を検討した結果を示している。

Table 2 shows the result of examining the driving condition of the air conditioner 13 when the pleasure boat 1 according to the first embodiment is run for four hours while driving the air conditioner 13 at a pace of one day per week. Table 3 also shows the results of examining the driving condition of the air conditioner 13 under the same conditions for the pleasure boat according to the comparative example 2 that does not include the charging system using the solar battery panel 25.

  In the first embodiment, the remaining amount of the air-conditioner battery 21 before traveling is 210 amps in a fully charged state. In this state, when sailing while driving the air conditioner 13 for 4 hours on July 1, 10 ampere hours of power is generated by the solar panel 25 on that day (July 1) and charged to the air conditioner battery 21. Is done. Further, when the air conditioner 13 is used for 4 hours, power of 50 × 4 = 200 ampere hours is consumed. The alternator 3c of the outboard motor 3 generates 108 amperes of power. With the above power generation and electric power consumption, the remaining amount of the air-conditioner battery 21 after traveling on July 1 is 210 + 10−200 + 100 = 120 amp hours.

  Since the pleasure boat 1 is not used from July 2 to July 7, the power of the battery for air conditioner 21 is not consumed. Here, in the first embodiment, the solar cell panel 25 generates power of 10 ampere hours per day (60 ampere hours in 6 days) and charges the air conditioner battery 21, as shown in Table 2. On July 7, the remaining amount of the air conditioner battery 21 is 120+ (10 × 6 days) = 180 amp hours.

  When the pleasure boat 1 is used on July 8, the remaining amount of the air conditioner battery 21 after use is 180 (remaining amount before use) +10 (solar cell charge) −200 (air conditioner discharge) +100 (engine charge) = 90 amp hours. Similarly, if the pleasure boat 1 is used at a daily pace of one week, the remaining amount of the air conditioner battery 21 becomes zero after use on July 29. When the pleasure boat 1 is used one week later (August 5), the remaining amount of the air conditioner battery 21 becomes a negative value (−30). That is, while the air conditioner 13 is being driven, the remaining amount of the air conditioner battery 21 becomes 0, indicating that the air conditioner 13 cannot be driven.

  As described above, in the pleasure boat 1 of the first embodiment, when the air conditioner 13 is driven at a daily rate of one week per week, the air conditioner 13 does not need to be charged at a land power facility for about one month. Can be used. In the pleasure boat 1, the pleasure boat 1 is normally used at a pace of one day a week and the pleasure boat 1 is often used only for one month in the summer. Therefore, the pleasure boat of the first embodiment is used. 1, it can be used practically without any inconvenience.

  In addition, as shown in Table 3, in the pleasure boat 1 according to the comparative example 2 that does not include the solar battery panel 25, when sailing while driving the air conditioner 13 for 4 hours on July 1, sailing on July 1 The remaining amount of the air conditioner battery 21 after running is 210 (remaining amount before use) −200 (air conditioner discharge) +100 (engine charge) = 110 amp hours.

  Since the pleasure boat 1 is not used from July 2 to July 7, the power of the battery for air conditioner 21 is not consumed. Here, in the comparative example 2, since the solar cell panel 25 is not provided, the remaining amount of the air conditioner battery 21 remains at 110 ampere hours on July 7.

  When the pleasure boat 1 is used on July 8, the remaining amount of the air conditioner battery 21 after use becomes 110−200 + 100 = 10 ampere hours. Therefore, when the pleasure boat 1 is used one week later (July 15), the remaining amount of the battery 21 for the air conditioner becomes a negative value (−90), and the air conditioner 13 cannot be driven. Thus, in the pleasure boat 1 by the comparative example 2 which is not equipped with the solar cell panel 25, the pleasure boat 1 can be used only for two weeks, and a land electric facility etc. twice during a use period (one month) It is necessary to charge with.

  In the first embodiment, as described above, the power generated per unit time of the alternator 3c by the electricity generated by the alternator 3c of the outboard motor 3 and the solar battery panel 25 and stored in the air conditioner battery 21 is unit time. The air conditioner 13 that consumes a large amount of power is driven. With this configuration, the amount of power generated by the solar panel 25 is increased by the amount of power stored in the air conditioner battery 21, so that the power consumption per unit time of the air conditioner 13 (about 50 in the first embodiment). The air conditioner 13 can be driven using the electricity stored in the air conditioner battery 21 even when the amperage is larger than the power generation amount per unit time of the alternator 3c (25 amperes in the first embodiment). As a result, the air conditioner 13 can be driven without separately installing a large engine generator. Therefore, even in the pleasure boat 1, the amount of electricity consumed per unit time is greater than the amount of power generated per unit time by the engine 3a of the propulsion device. A large air conditioner 13 can be installed. Further, by providing the solar cell panel 25 that supplies power to the air conditioner battery 21, the solar cell panel 25 supplies power to the air conditioner battery 21 even when the engine 3a of the outboard motor 3 is not driven. Can be charged. Thus, charging can be performed even in a situation where there is no external facility for supplying power to the air conditioner battery 21 at the berth. Therefore, it is possible to easily charge the air conditioner battery 21 of the pleasure boat 1 that is often anchored at a berth where there is no charging facility.

  In the first embodiment, as described above, the solar battery panel 25 generates power when the pleasure boat 1 that does not drive the engine 3 a is not used, and supplies power to the air conditioner battery 21. By configuring in this way, the pleasure boat 1 is used less frequently (for example, once a week) than a commercial vessel, and therefore, the non-use period becomes longer. Therefore, the pleasure boat 1 can generate a large amount of power by the solar cell panel 25 and can store a large amount of power in the air conditioner battery 21 during this long non-use period. Thereby, even when the power amount of the air conditioner battery 21 is reduced by using the air conditioner 13, the power amount of the air conditioner battery 21 required to use the air conditioner 13 until the next use is used. Can be easily recovered. Thus, even when the air conditioner 13 is provided in the pleasure boat 1 that is often anchored at a berth where there is no charging facility, the power accumulated by the power generation by the solar panel 25 during the non-use period of the pleasure boat 1 is used. Thus, the air conditioner 13 can be easily used.

  In the first embodiment, as described above, the power generated by the alternator 3c by driving the engine 3a when the pleasure boat 1 is used and the power generated by the solar cell panel 25 when the pleasure boat 1 is not used. Are used to drive the air conditioner 13. With this configuration, when the pleasure boat 1 is used after a non-use period after the pleasure boat 1 has been used once, the charge amount of the air conditioner battery 21 has been recovered by power generation by the solar panel 25 when not in use. The air conditioner 13 can be driven using the electric power generated by the power generator and the electric power generated by the alternator 3c. Thereby, the air conditioner 13 can be easily driven for a long time.

  In the first embodiment, as described above, the main battery 20 connected to the alternator 3c and the air conditioner battery 21 connected to the air conditioner 13 are stored in the main battery 20 with a predetermined amount or more of electricity. The air conditioner battery 21 is connected via a subcharger 22 for storing electricity. With this configuration, even when the amount of electricity in the air conditioner battery 21 is lost due to the use of the air conditioner 13, the air conditioner 13 can be prevented from being driven using the power of the main battery 20. . As a result, the amount of electricity stored in the main battery 20 can be prevented from becoming smaller than a predetermined amount, so that the amount of electricity for driving the starter and the like when starting the engine 3a of the outboard motor 3 is secured. can do.

  In the first embodiment, as described above, by connecting the solar cell panel 25 to the air conditioner battery 21, electricity generated by the solar cell panel 25 is transferred to the air conditioner battery 21 without passing through the subcharger 22. Can be supplied directly. Thus, unlike the case where the solar cell panel 25 is connected to the main battery 20, power can be supplied from the solar cell panel 25 to the air conditioner battery 21 without operating the subcharger 22. It is possible to prevent consumption of power for operation. Thereby, the charge amount of the battery 21 for an air conditioner can be recovered quickly.

  Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, by using the deep cycle battery 21 a as the air conditioner battery 21, even if the amount of electricity of the air conditioner battery 21 decreases due to the use of the air conditioner 13, the air conditioner battery 21. It can suppress that the performance of this falls.

  Moreover, in 1st Embodiment, it can suppress that the dashboard 7 absorbs light by making the surface of the dashboard 7 white as mentioned above. Thereby, since it can suppress that the temperature of the dashboard 7 rises, it can suppress that the temperature of the passenger compartment 4 rises. Further, by setting the color of the dashboard 7 to be white, an image of the dashboard 7 is easily reflected on the windshield 10, and it becomes difficult for the driver to see the outside of the cabin 4 through the windshield 10. Here, since the inclination angle of the windshield 10 is set to 50 degrees or more, the image of the dashboard 7 can be prevented from entering the driver's eyes through the windshield 10. Even if the color of the dashboard 7 is brightened to suppress the rise, it is possible to prevent the driver from seeing the outside of the cabin 4 through the windshield 10.

  Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, by suppressing the temperature rise of the dashboard 7, it is possible to suppress the temperature of the cabin 4 from rising due to the radiant heat from the dashboard 7. Thereby, even if the air conditioning capacity of the air conditioner 13 is reduced, the air conditioning effect of the cabin 4 can be sufficiently obtained, so that the power consumption of the air conditioner 13 can be reduced. In the first embodiment, when the surface of the conventional dashboard is black, the power consumption of the air conditioner is required to be 100 amperes, but is reduced to the power consumption of 50 amperes. Thereby, the air conditioner 13 can be driven for a long time in the pleasure boat 1 in which the power generation amount of the alternator 3c is small.

  Further, in the first embodiment, as described above, the supply port 15 and the supply port 16 are configured to be able to send out heat-exchanged air toward the driver's seat 5. By configuring in this way, the heat-exchanged air can be directly applied to the driver, so that in the case of cooling, the driver's sensible temperature can be lowered. Thereby, even if the air conditioning capability of the air conditioner 13 is reduced, a sufficient air conditioning effect can be obtained (the driver feels cool), so that the power consumption of the air conditioner 13 can be reduced. Thereby, the air conditioner 13 can be driven for a long time.

  In the first embodiment, as described above, the supply port 15 is configured to be able to send out the heat-exchanged air toward the windshield 10, so that the supply port 15 is directed toward the windshield 10. The windshield 10 can be easily fogged by sending out the heat-exchanged air.

  Moreover, in 1st Embodiment, the dead space of the lower part of the driver's seat 5 is reduced in the pleasure boat 1 with a limited space by arrange | positioning the main-body part 14 of the air conditioner 13 in the lower part of the driver's seat 5 as mentioned above. The main body 14 of the air conditioner 13 can be installed by using it.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, referring to FIGS. 10 to 12, in the second embodiment, unlike the first embodiment in which the windshield 10 has an inclination angle α of 50 degrees or more, the windshield 28 has an inclination angle β of 50 degrees. An example in which the light shielding sheet 29 is attached to the lower part of the windshield 28 will be described. First, the structure of a pleasure boat 100 (small vessel) according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The structure other than the structure of the windshield 28 and the dashboard 30 of the pleasure boat 100 according to the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that there is no saddle 11 in the second embodiment. These parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the cabin 4 of the pleasure boat 100 according to the second embodiment has a windshield 28 having an inclination angle β smaller than 50 degrees (for example, 40 degrees). Here, in the second embodiment, a light shielding sheet 29 is attached to the lower part of the windshield 28. The light shielding sheet 29 is an example of the “light shielding portion” in the present invention. With this light shielding sheet 29, it is possible to block part of the sunlight that enters the dashboard 30. That is, the light shielding sheet 29 is made of a translucent material that partially transmits visible light. Since the driver's seat 5 is installed on the right side in the forward direction in the cabin 4, when the driver of the driver's seat 5 looks outside through the windshield 28, as shown in FIG. The tip portion 2c of the bow portion 2b of the hull 2 is seen on the right side of the center of the windshield 28, and the edge of the bow portion 2b seems to be lowered from the tip portion 2c toward the left and right sides. For this reason, this light shielding sheet 29 does not interfere with the visibility of the driver of the driver seat 5 in the windshield 28 than the line through which the edge of the bow portion 2b of the hull 2 viewed from the driver of the driver seat 5 passes. Affixed to cover the lower area. Further, the upper edge 29a of the light shielding sheet 29 is shaped so as to follow the line through which the edge of the bow portion 2b viewed from the driver of the driver's seat 5 (from the portion 29c shifted to the right side from the center portion of the windshield 10) It has a shape that goes down as it goes to.

  Further, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the cover member 31 made of a heat insulating material that is less likely to rise in temperature than the material of the dashboard 30 covers the surface (upper surface 30 a) of the dashboard 30. Is attached. The cover member 31 has a surface of a color (for example, gray) that is a color whose temperature is less likely to rise than black.

  In the second embodiment, as described above, the cover member 31 is attached to the surface of the dashboard 30 so that the temperature of the dashboard 30 is reduced by the cover member 31. Since it can suppress rising, it can suppress that the temperature of the passenger compartment 4 rises.

  In the second embodiment, as described above, the color of the cover member 31 is gray, thereby suppressing the reflection of the dashboard 30 (the cover member 31) on the windshield 28 and the temperature of the cabin 4. The rise can be suppressed.

  In the second embodiment, as described above, the light shielding sheet 29 that shields at least part of the sunlight is attached to the lower portion of the windshield 28, thereby suppressing the sunlight from hitting the dashboard 30 by the light shielding sheet 29. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the temperature of the dashboard 30 from rising. Thereby, it can suppress more that the temperature of the passenger compartment 4 rises.

  Further, in the second embodiment, as described above, the light shielding sheet 29 is disposed on the windshield 28 in a region below the line through which the edge of the bow portion 2b of the hull 2 viewed from the driver of the driver seat 5 passes. Provided. With this configuration, even when the light shielding sheet 29 is provided below the windshield 28, the driver's field of view is limited by the light shielding sheet 29, and the water surface scenery (as viewed from the driver of the driver seat 5). It can be suppressed that the region above the line through which the edge of the bow portion 2b of the hull 2 passes is not visible.

  In the second embodiment, the sunshade 11 (see FIG. 1) is not provided and the windshield 28 has a tilt angle smaller than 50 degrees, so that the dashboard 30 cannot be made white, so that the light can be blocked. By providing the seat 29 and the cover member 31, the temperature rise of the passenger compartment 4 can be suppressed to the same extent as in the first embodiment.

  Other effects of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above description of the embodiments but by the scope of claims for patent, and further includes all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims for patent.

  For example, in the first and second embodiments, the air conditioner 13 is installed in the pleasure boat 1 and the pleasure boat 100. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other types such as a microwave oven, a refrigerator, and an electric stove are used. Electrical equipment may be installed.

  Further, in the first and second embodiments, the pleasure boat 1 and the pleasure boat 100 that propel the hull 2 by the outboard motor 3 as an example of the “propulsion device” of the present invention have been described. It is not limited to an inboard motor or an inboard / outboard motor.

  Moreover, although the said 1st and 2nd embodiment demonstrated the example which applied this invention to the pleasure boat 1 and the pleasure boat 100 as an example of a small ship, this invention is not limited to this, and uses other than a pleasure boat The present invention may be applied to a small ship.

  Moreover, in the said 1st and 2nd embodiment, although the example in which the cabin 4 was provided in the hull 2 was shown, this invention will not be restricted to this, If the wind of the air-conditioner 13 is directly directed to a person, The present invention may be applied to a pleasure boat 1 having a structure without a cabin 4.

  In the second embodiment, the example in which part of the sunlight incident on the dashboard 30 is shielded by the light shielding sheet 29 attached to the windshield 28 is not limited to this. Sunlight incident on the board 30 may be completely shielded.

  Moreover, although the example which connected the solar cell panel 25 to the battery 21 for air-conditioners was shown in the said 1st and 2nd embodiment, this invention is not restricted to this, You may connect to the main battery 20. In this case, since a part of the electric power generated by the solar cell panel 25 is consumed by the subcharger 22, it is preferable to increase the power generation capacity of the solar cell panel 25 accordingly.

1,100 Pleasure boat (small ship)
2 Hull 3 Outboard motor (propulsion device)
3a Engine 3c Alternator (main generator)
4 cabin 5 driver's seat 7 dashboard 10 windshield 13 air conditioner (electric equipment, air conditioner)
14 Main body parts 15 and 16 Supply port 20 Main battery (first power storage part)
21 Battery for air conditioner (power storage unit, second power storage unit)
21a Deep cycle battery 22 Subcharger 25 Solar panel (Solar power generation unit)
28 Windshield 29 Light-shielding sheet (light-shielding part)
30 Dashboard 31 Cover member

Claims (17)

A propulsion unit attached to the hull, including an engine and a main generator that generates electric power by rotation of the engine, and propelling the hull by the driving force of the engine;
A power storage unit for storing electricity generated by the main generator;
A solar power generation unit that performs solar power generation and supplies power to the power storage unit;
A small vessel comprising: an electric device that is driven by electricity stored in the power storage unit and that consumes more power per unit time than the power generation amount per unit time of the main generator.   The small vessel according to claim 1, wherein the electric device includes an air conditioner. The propulsion device is an outboard motor;
The small vessel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the engine is an engine of the outboard motor. The small vessel is a small pleasure boat,
The solar power generation unit is configured to generate power at least when the pleasure boat that does not drive the engine is not used, and to supply power to the power storage unit. The small ship as described in the item.   When the pleasure boat that drives the engine is used, the solar generator generates electric power generated by the main generator by driving the engine when the pleasure boat is used, and at least when the pleasure boat is not used. The small boat according to claim 4, wherein the electric device is configured to be driven using generated electric power. The solar power generation unit is configured to generate power even when the pleasure boat is used in addition to when the pleasure boat is not used, and to supply power to the power storage unit,
Electric power generated by the main generator by driving the engine when the pleasure boat is used, and electric power generated by the photovoltaic power generator when the pleasure boat is used and not used The small vessel according to claim 5, wherein the electrical device is configured to be driven by using the. The power storage unit includes a first power storage unit connected to the main generator, and a second power storage unit connected to the electrical device,
The first power storage unit and the second power storage unit are connected via a subcharger for storing electricity in the second power storage unit in a state where a predetermined amount of electricity is stored in the first power storage unit. The small vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   The small solar vessel according to claim 7, wherein the solar power generation unit is connected to the second power storage unit.   The small ship according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the second power storage unit includes a deep cycle battery. The hull is provided with a cabin,
A windshield is arranged in front of the cabin,
A dashboard is arranged below the windshield,
The small vessel according to claim 2, further comprising a temperature rise suppression means that is provided on a lower portion of the windshield or on a surface of the dashboard and suppresses a temperature rise of the dashboard.   The small vessel according to claim 10, wherein the temperature rise suppression means includes a cover member that is attached to a surface of the dashboard and is made of a material that is less likely to rise in temperature than the material of the dashboard. The temperature rise suppression means includes a surface of the dashboard having a color in which the temperature is less likely to rise due to sunlight than black,
The small ship according to claim 10, wherein the windshield has an inclination angle of 50 degrees or more.   The small vessel according to claim 10, wherein the temperature rise suppression means includes a light shielding portion that is provided at a lower portion of the windshield and shields at least part of sunlight.   14. The small vessel according to claim 13, wherein the light shielding portion is provided in a region below a line through which an edge of a bow portion of the hull as viewed from a driver in a driver seat passes through the windshield. The hull is provided with a driver's seat,
The air conditioner includes a main body that performs heat exchange, and a supply port that sends out the heat-exchanged air,
The small vessel according to claim 2, wherein the supply port is configured to be able to send out the heat-exchanged air at least toward the driver's seat. A windshield is arranged in front of the driver's seat,
The small ship according to claim 15, wherein the supply port is configured to be able to send out the heat-exchanged air toward the windshield.   The small vessel according to claim 15 or 16, wherein a main body of the air conditioner is disposed at a lower portion of the driver's seat.

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