JP2010167436A - Laser welding method - Google Patents

Laser welding method Download PDF

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JP2010167436A
JP2010167436A JP2009011267A JP2009011267A JP2010167436A JP 2010167436 A JP2010167436 A JP 2010167436A JP 2009011267 A JP2009011267 A JP 2009011267A JP 2009011267 A JP2009011267 A JP 2009011267A JP 2010167436 A JP2010167436 A JP 2010167436A
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laser beam
laser
filler wire
welding method
metal plates
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JP5248347B2 (en
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Masashi Oikawa
昌志 及川
Tadashi Sobagaki
正 側垣
Naoki Kawada
直樹 河田
Jun Koshikawa
純 越川
Shota Endo
翔太 遠藤
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Tokyu Car Corp
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Tokyu Car Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laser welding method capable of fully securing fatigue strength of a joined body in butt welding of metallic plates different in thickness. <P>SOLUTION: In this laser welding method, in the manner that beam spots S1, S2 are in contact with each other on an abutted part of metallic plates 1, 2 and arranged in a planned welding line R direction, a laser beam is divided into a first and a second laser beam L1, L2. As a result, heat input time to the metallic plates 1, 2 is extended, with the heat input increased in the direction orthogonal to the planned welding line R, so that the width of a weld zone 21 is expanded. Also, metallic vapor from a filler wire 16 is likely to be diffused in the direction orthogonal to the planned welding line R, with the expansion of the width of the weld zone 21 encouraged. Consequently, the angle θ<SB>1</SB>of the inclined portion 22 of the weld zone 21 is reduced, with stress concentration at the weld zone 21 relaxed, so that fatigue strength is fully secured for the joined body of the metallic plates 1, 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、レーザ溶接方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a laser welding method.

従来のレーザ溶接方法として、レーザビームの照射位置にフィラーワイヤを供給することにより、健全な溶接部の形成を図ったものがある。例えば特許文献１に記載のレーザ溶接方法では、レーザビームの焦点位置にフィラーワイヤの先端を一致させ、焦点位置の回転変位に同期するようにフィラーワイヤ供給部全体を回転変位させている。   As a conventional laser welding method, there is one in which a filler wire is supplied to a laser beam irradiation position to form a sound welded portion. For example, in the laser welding method described in Patent Document 1, the tip of the filler wire is made to coincide with the focal position of the laser beam, and the entire filler wire supply unit is rotationally displaced so as to synchronize with the rotational displacement of the focal position.

特開２００３−３２６３８２号公報JP 2003-326382 A

ところで、レーザ溶接を適用する溶接形態の一つとして、金属板の端部同士の突き合せ部分に沿って溶接部を形成する突き合わせ溶接がある。突き合わせ溶接では、板厚の等しい金属板同士を接合するのが通常であるが、加工物の種類によっては板厚の異なる金属板同士を接合することも想定される。   By the way, there exists butt welding which forms a welding part along the butt | matching part of the edge parts of a metal plate as one of the welding forms which apply laser welding. In butt welding, metal plates having the same thickness are usually joined together, but it is also assumed that metal plates having different thicknesses are joined depending on the type of workpiece.

しかしながら、板厚の異なる金属板同士をレーザ溶接で接合する場合、金属板の端部の高さが互いに異なるため、突き合わせ部分に形成される溶接部には、高さの異なる金属板の端部同士を結ぶように傾斜部分が現れることとなる。このとき、溶接部の傾斜部分が急峻になると、溶接部に応力集中が生じ易くなり、接合体の疲労強度が低下してしまうおそれがある。この問題の解決は、レーザビームの照射位置に単純にフィラーワイヤを供給するだけでは困難であり、レーザ照射条件を含めた新たな工夫が必要であった。   However, when metal plates with different plate thicknesses are joined by laser welding, the height of the end portions of the metal plates is different from each other. An inclined part will appear so as to connect each other. At this time, if the inclined portion of the welded portion becomes steep, stress concentration tends to occur in the welded portion, and the fatigue strength of the joined body may be reduced. It is difficult to solve this problem by simply supplying a filler wire to the irradiation position of the laser beam, and a new device including the laser irradiation condition is required.

本発明は、上記課題の解決のためになされたものであり、板厚の異なる金属板の突き合わせ接合において、接合体の疲労強度を十分に確保できるレーザ溶接方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a laser welding method capable of sufficiently ensuring the fatigue strength of a joined body in butt joining of metal plates having different plate thicknesses.

上記課題の解決のため、本発明に係るレーザ溶接方法は、第１の金属板の端部と、第１の金属板とは板厚が異なる第２の金属板の端部とを突き合わせ、当該突き合せ部分に設定された溶接予定線に沿ってレーザビームの照射による溶接部を形成するレーザ溶接方法であって、突き合わせ部分上で互いのビームスポットが接し、かつ溶接予定線方向に並ぶように、レーザビームを第１のレーザビーム及び第２のレーザビームに分割し、第１のレーザビーム及び第２のレーザビームの照射位置にフィラーワイヤを供給して溶接部を形成することを特徴としている。   In order to solve the above-described problem, the laser welding method according to the present invention matches an end portion of a first metal plate with an end portion of a second metal plate having a plate thickness different from that of the first metal plate. A laser welding method for forming a welded portion by irradiating a laser beam along a planned welding line set at a butt portion, where the beam spots are in contact with each other on the butt portion and aligned in the direction of the planned welding line. The laser beam is divided into a first laser beam and a second laser beam, and a filler wire is supplied to the irradiation position of the first laser beam and the second laser beam to form a welded portion. .

このレーザ溶接方法では、ビームスポットを溶接予定線方向に並べることで、単一のレーザビームを照射する場合と比較して、金属板への入熱時間を長くすることが可能となる。入熱時間が長くなると、溶接予定線と直交する方向への入熱量が増加し、溶接部の幅が拡張される。また、フィラーワイヤにレーザビームが照射されることによって生じる金属蒸気が溶接予定線と直交する方向に拡散し易くなり、溶接部の幅の拡張が助長される。溶接部の幅が拡張されることにより、高さの異なる金属板の端部同士を結ぶように現れる溶接部の傾斜部分の角度が緩やかになり、溶接部での応力集中が緩和されるので、接合体の疲労強度を十分に確保できる。   In this laser welding method, by arranging the beam spots in the direction of the planned welding line, it is possible to lengthen the heat input time to the metal plate as compared with the case of irradiating a single laser beam. When the heat input time becomes longer, the amount of heat input in the direction orthogonal to the planned welding line increases, and the width of the welded portion is expanded. Further, the metal vapor generated by irradiating the filler wire with the laser beam is easily diffused in a direction perpendicular to the planned welding line, and the expansion of the width of the welded portion is promoted. By expanding the width of the welded portion, the angle of the inclined portion of the welded portion that appears so as to connect the ends of the metal plates with different heights becomes gentle, and the stress concentration at the welded portion is relaxed, Sufficient fatigue strength of the joined body can be secured.

また、フィラーワイヤを第１のレーザビーム及び第２のレーザビームの進行方向側から供給することが好ましい。こうすると、フィラーワイヤにレーザビームが照射されることによって生じる金属蒸気を溶接予定線と直交する方向に効率良く拡散させることができる。   Further, it is preferable to supply the filler wire from the traveling direction side of the first laser beam and the second laser beam. If it carries out like this, the metal vapor | steam produced by irradiating a laser beam to a filler wire can be efficiently diffused in the direction orthogonal to a welding planned line.

また、第１のレーザビーム及び第２のレーザビームのスポット径とフィラーワイヤの径とを略同径とすることが好ましい。この場合、第１のレーザビーム及び第２のレーザビームの照射位置に対するフィラーワイヤの供給位置の位置決めが容易となる。また、フィラーワイヤの供給量が十分に確保されるので、溶接部の傾斜部分が凹状になってしまうことも抑制される。   In addition, it is preferable that the spot diameter of the first laser beam and the second laser beam and the diameter of the filler wire are substantially the same diameter. In this case, the filler wire supply position can be easily positioned with respect to the irradiation positions of the first laser beam and the second laser beam. Moreover, since the supply amount of the filler wire is sufficiently ensured, the inclined portion of the welded portion is also prevented from being concave.

また、第１のレーザビームと第２のレーザビームとの出力比が１：１となるようにレーザビームを分割することが好ましい。この場合、入熱のムラが小さくなり、溶接部の健全性を担保できる。   In addition, the laser beam is preferably split so that the output ratio of the first laser beam and the second laser beam is 1: 1. In this case, unevenness in heat input is reduced, and the soundness of the welded portion can be ensured.

本発明に係るレーザ溶接方法によれば、板厚の異なる金属板の突き合わせ接合において、接合体の疲労強度を十分に確保できる。   According to the laser welding method of the present invention, the fatigue strength of the joined body can be sufficiently ensured in the butt joining of metal plates having different thicknesses.

本発明に係るレーザ溶接方法の一実施形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows one Embodiment of the laser welding method which concerns on this invention. 第１のレーザビームのビームスポット及び第２のレーザビームのビームスポットの状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the beam spot of a 1st laser beam, and the beam spot of a 2nd laser beam. レーザビームの照射と金属板の温度との関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between irradiation of a laser beam, and the temperature of a metal plate. 金属板の突き合わせ部分に形成される溶接部の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the welding part formed in the butt | matching part of a metal plate. 本発明に係るレーザ溶接方法の変形例を用いて金属板の突き合わせ部分に形成される溶接部の状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state of the welding part formed in the butt | matching part of a metal plate using the modification of the laser welding method which concerns on this invention.

以下、図面を参照しながら、本発明に係るレーザ溶接方法の好適な実施形態について詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a laser welding method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

図１は、本発明に係るレーザ溶接方法の一実施形態を示す図である。同図に示すように、このレーザ溶接方法は、板厚の異なる２つの金属板１，２の端部同士の突き合わせ接合に適用される方法である。金属板１，２は、例えばＳＵＳ３０４などのステンレス鋼板であり、長方形状をなしている。   FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a laser welding method according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, this laser welding method is a method applied to the butt joint between the end portions of two metal plates 1 and 2 having different plate thicknesses. The metal plates 1 and 2 are stainless steel plates such as SUS304, for example, and have a rectangular shape.

金属板１の板厚は、例えば４．５ｍｍとなっており、金属板２の板厚は、例えば３．０ｍｍとなっている。金属板１，２は、幅方向の端部同士を突き合わせた状態で、加工テーブル３上に載置されている。加工テーブル３は、金属板１，２を固定した状態で、任意の速度で溶接予定線Ｒ方向に移動可能となっている。   The plate thickness of the metal plate 1 is 4.5 mm, for example, and the plate thickness of the metal plate 2 is 3.0 mm, for example. The metal plates 1 and 2 are placed on the processing table 3 in a state where the end portions in the width direction are abutted with each other. The processing table 3 is movable in the direction of the planned welding line R at an arbitrary speed while the metal plates 1 and 2 are fixed.

また、レーザ溶接方法に用いられるレーザ溶接システム１０は、レーザ照射装置１１と、フィラーワイヤ供給装置１２とを備えて構成されている。レーザ照射装置１１は、レーザ発振器１３と、集光器１４とを有している。レーザ発振器１３は、例えば最大出力４ｋＷのＮｄ：ＹＡＧレーザである。レーザ発振器１３から出力されるレーザビームは、光ファイバ１５によって集光器１４に伝送される。光ファイバ１５は、例えばコア径０．６ｍｍのステップインデックス型ファイバである。   The laser welding system 10 used in the laser welding method includes a laser irradiation device 11 and a filler wire supply device 12. The laser irradiation device 11 includes a laser oscillator 13 and a condenser 14. The laser oscillator 13 is, for example, an Nd: YAG laser with a maximum output of 4 kW. The laser beam output from the laser oscillator 13 is transmitted to the condenser 14 through the optical fiber 15. The optical fiber 15 is, for example, a step index type fiber having a core diameter of 0.6 mm.

集光器１４の内部には、例えば焦点距離１５０ｍｍのコリメーションレンズと、レーザビームを２分割するウェッジ基板と、焦点距離１５０ｍｍの集光レンズとが配置されている。光ファイバ１５を介して集光器１４に入射したレーザビームは、出力比が１：１となるように第１のレーザビームＬ１と第２のレーザビームＬ２とに分割され、金属板１，２の突き合せ部分に集光する。   For example, a collimation lens with a focal length of 150 mm, a wedge substrate that divides the laser beam into two, and a condensing lens with a focal length of 150 mm are arranged inside the condenser 14. The laser beam incident on the condenser 14 via the optical fiber 15 is divided into the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 so that the output ratio is 1: 1, and the metal plates 1, 2 are used. Condensed at the butting part.

このとき、第１のレーザビームＬ１のビームスポットＳ１と第２のレーザビームＬ２のビームスポットＳ２とは、例えば直径０．６ｍｍの略真円状をなし、図２に示すように、金属板１，２の突き合せ部分の平面視において、溶接予定線Ｒ方向の前後に並んでおり、かつ互いに接した状態となっている。   At this time, the beam spot S1 of the first laser beam L1 and the beam spot S2 of the second laser beam L2 are, for example, substantially circular with a diameter of 0.6 mm, and as shown in FIG. , 2 in a plan view, they are lined up and down in the direction of the planned welding line R and are in contact with each other.

第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２の径は、例えば第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２の１／ｅ３全幅で定義される。したがって、ビームスポットＳ１，Ｓ２が接した状態とは、金属板１，２の突き合わせ部分の表面において、１／ｅ３全幅で定義される第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２の断面形状が互いに接していることを言う。なお、第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２の径の定義は、必ずしも１／ｅ３全幅でなくてもよく、１／ｅ２全幅や半値全幅などを用いてもよい。 The diameters of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 are defined by, for example, the full 1 / e 3 width of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2. Therefore, the state in which the beam spots S1 and S2 are in contact is the cross section of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 defined by the full width of 1 / e 3 on the surface of the butted portion of the metal plates 1 and 2. Say that the shapes touch each other. Note that the definitions of the diameters of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 do not necessarily have to be 1 / e 3 full width, and may use 1 / e 2 full width, full width at half maximum, or the like.

フィラーワイヤ供給装置１２は、第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２の照射位置に向けてフィラーワイヤ１６を供給する装置である。フィラーワイヤ１６は、例えば金属板１，２と同材質の線状部材である。このフィラーワイヤ１６の径は、第１のレーザビームＬ１のスポット径及び第２のレーザビームＬ２のスポット径と同径となるように、直径０．６ｍｍとなっている。   The filler wire supply device 12 is a device that supplies the filler wire 16 toward the irradiation positions of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2. The filler wire 16 is a linear member made of the same material as the metal plates 1 and 2, for example. The diameter of the filler wire 16 is 0.6 mm so as to be the same as the spot diameter of the first laser beam L1 and the spot diameter of the second laser beam L2.

フィラーワイヤ１６は、フィラーワイヤ供給装置１２に接続された供給ノズル１７の先端から繰り出され、第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２の進行方向側から所定の供給速度で照射位置に供給される。なお、供給ノズル１７は、フィラーワイヤ１６が金属板１，２の表面に対して約５５°傾斜した状態となるように配置されていることが好ましい。   The filler wire 16 is fed from the tip of the supply nozzle 17 connected to the filler wire supply device 12, and is supplied to the irradiation position at a predetermined supply speed from the traveling direction side of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2. Is done. The supply nozzle 17 is preferably arranged so that the filler wire 16 is inclined by about 55 ° with respect to the surfaces of the metal plates 1 and 2.

このようなレーザ溶接システム１０を用いて金属板１，２を溶接する場合、まず、第１のレーザビームＬ１のビームスポットＳ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２のビームスポットＳ２が溶接予定線Ｒの始点に位置するように、レーザ照射装置１１をセットする。次に、レーザ発振器１３からの出力を４ｋＷとし、加工テーブル３を毎分１ｍの速度で溶接予定線Ｒ方向に移動させながら、フィラーワイヤ１６を毎分３ｍの供給速度でレーザビームの進行方向側から供給する。   When welding the metal plates 1 and 2 using such a laser welding system 10, first, the beam spot S1 of the first laser beam L1 and the beam spot S2 of the second laser beam L2 are the starting points of the planned welding line R. The laser irradiation device 11 is set so as to be positioned at. Next, the output from the laser oscillator 13 is set to 4 kW, and the processing table 3 is moved in the direction of the planned welding line R at a speed of 1 m / min, while the filler wire 16 is moved in the direction of the laser beam at a supply speed of 3 m / min. Supply from.

これにより、金属板１，２の突き合わせ部分には、溶接部２１が順次形成される。第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２が溶接予定線Ｒの終点まで到達すると、溶接予定線Ｒに沿って連続的な溶接部２１が形成され、金属板１，２の突き合わせ溶接が完了する。   Thereby, the welding part 21 is formed sequentially in the butt | matching part of the metal plates 1 and 2. FIG. When the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 reach the end point of the planned welding line R, a continuous weld 21 is formed along the planned welding line R, and butt welding of the metal plates 1 and 2 is performed. Complete.

このレーザ溶接方法では、図２に示したように、金属板１，２の突き合わせ部分上で互いのビームスポットＳ１，Ｓ２が接し、かつ溶接予定線Ｒ方向に並ぶように、レーザビームを１：１の出力比で第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２に分割することにより、金属板１，２への入熱時間を長くしている。   In this laser welding method, as shown in FIG. 2, the laser beams are arranged in a 1: By dividing the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 at an output ratio of 1, the heat input time to the metal plates 1 and 2 is lengthened.

レーザビームを分割せずにそのまま金属板１，２に照射した場合、照射位置における金属板１，２の温度は、図３（ａ）に示すように、照射の開始と共に急激に上昇し、金属板１，２の溶融温度Ｔｃを超えてピーク温度ＴＰ１に達した後、急激に下降する。 When the metal plates 1 and 2 are irradiated as they are without dividing the laser beam, the temperature of the metal plates 1 and 2 at the irradiation position increases rapidly with the start of irradiation as shown in FIG. after reaching the peak temperature T P1 exceeds the melting temperature Tc of the plate 1, sharply lowered.

レーザビームを第１のレーザビームＬ１と第２のレーザビームＬ２とに分割して金属板１，２に照射した場合、照射位置における金属板１，２の温度が照射の開始と共に上昇し、一定のピーク温度に達した後に下降する点では、レーザビームを分割しない場合と同様である。しかしながら、図３（ｂ）に示すように、ピーク温度ＴＰ２がピーク温度ＴＰ１に比べて低くなると共に温度の上昇・下降が緩やかになり、金属板１，２の溶融温度Ｔｃを超えている時間Ｔ２は、レーザビームを分割しない場合（図３（ａ）における時間Ｔ１）に比べて長くなる。 When the laser beam is divided into the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 and irradiated to the metal plates 1 and 2, the temperature of the metal plates 1 and 2 at the irradiation position increases with the start of irradiation, and is constant. The point of descending after reaching the peak temperature is the same as when the laser beam is not split. However, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the peak temperature TP2 becomes lower than the peak temperature TP1, and the temperature rises and falls gradually, exceeding the melting temperature Tc of the metal plates 1 and 2. time T 2 are made longer as compared with the case of not dividing the laser beam (time T 1 in Figure 3 (a)).

このように、金属板１，２への入熱時間が長くなると、溶接予定線Ｒと直交する方向への入熱量が増加し、この方向への金属板１，２の溶融が進むため、溶接部２１の幅が拡張される。また、フィラーワイヤ１６に第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２が照射されることによって生じる金属蒸気が溶接予定線Ｒと直交する方向に拡散し易くなり、溶接部２１の幅の拡張が助長される。   Thus, when the heat input time to the metal plates 1 and 2 becomes longer, the amount of heat input in the direction perpendicular to the planned welding line R increases, and the melting of the metal plates 1 and 2 in this direction proceeds. The width of the part 21 is expanded. Further, the metal vapor generated by irradiating the filler wire 16 with the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 is likely to diffuse in a direction perpendicular to the planned welding line R, and the width of the welded portion 21 is expanded. Is encouraged.

ここで、本実施形態のように、板厚の異なる金属板１，２同士をレーザ溶接で接合する場合、図４に示すように、金属板１，２の端部の高さが互いに異なるため、突き合わせ部分に形成される溶接部２１には、高さの異なる金属板１，２の端部同士を結ぶように傾斜部分２２が現れることとなる。このとき、溶接部２１の傾斜部分２２の角度θ１が急峻になると、溶接部２１に応力集中が生じ易くなり、結果として金属板１，２の接合体の疲労強度が低下してしまうおそれがある。 Here, when the metal plates 1 and 2 having different plate thicknesses are joined together by laser welding as in this embodiment, the heights of the end portions of the metal plates 1 and 2 are different from each other as shown in FIG. In the welded portion 21 formed at the butt portion, the inclined portion 22 appears so as to connect the end portions of the metal plates 1 and 2 having different heights. At this time, if the angle theta 1 of the inclined part 22 of the welded portion 21 is steep, it tends to occur stress concentration in the welded portion 21, may result fatigue strength of the bonded body of the metal plates 1 and 2 is lowered as is there.

これに対し、本実施形態では、溶接部２１の幅が拡張されることにより、レーザビームを分割しない方法で形成した溶接部３１の傾斜部分３２の角度θ２と比較して、溶接部２１の傾斜部分２２の角度θ１が緩やかなものとなる（図４参照）。したがって、溶接部２１での応力集中が緩和され、接合体の疲労強度を十分に確保できる。なお、応力集中の緩和という観点からは、溶接部２１の傾斜部分２２の角度θ１は、４５°以下となっていることが好ましい。 In contrast, in the present embodiment, by the width of the welded portion 21 is expanded, compared with the angle theta 2 of the inclined portion 32 of the weld 31 formed in a way that does not split the laser beam, the weld 21 angle theta 1 of the inclined portion 22 becomes gentle (see FIG. 4). Therefore, the stress concentration at the welded portion 21 is relaxed, and the fatigue strength of the joined body can be sufficiently secured. From the viewpoint of reducing stress concentration, the angle θ 1 of the inclined portion 22 of the welded portion 21 is preferably 45 ° or less.

また、本実施形態では、フィラーワイヤ１６を第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２の進行方向側から供給している。これにより、フィラーワイヤ１６に第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２が十分な時間照射されるので、レーザビームが照射されることによって生じる金属蒸気を溶接予定線Ｒと直交する方向に効率良く拡散させることができる。したがって、溶接部２１の幅を一層確実に拡張できる。   In the present embodiment, the filler wire 16 is supplied from the traveling direction side of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2. As a result, the filler wire 16 is irradiated with the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 for a sufficient time, so that the metal vapor generated by the laser beam irradiation is orthogonal to the planned welding line R. It can be diffused efficiently. Therefore, the width of the welded portion 21 can be expanded more reliably.

また、フィラーワイヤ１６の径が、第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２のスポット径と略同径となっているので、第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２の照射位置に対するフィラーワイヤ１６の供給位置の位置決めが容易となる。また、フィラーワイヤ１６の供給量が十分に確保されるので、溶接部２１の傾斜部分２２の角度θ１が４５°以下となるように溶接部２１の幅を拡張させた場合であっても、溶接部２１の傾斜部分２２が凹状になってしまうことを抑制できる。これにより、金属板１，２の接合強度の向上が図られる。 Further, since the diameter of the filler wire 16 is substantially the same as the spot diameter of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2, the irradiation of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 is performed. Positioning of the supply position of the filler wire 16 with respect to the position becomes easy. Further, since the supply amount of the filler wire 16 is sufficiently ensured, even if the angle theta 1 of the inclined part 22 of the welded portion 21 is expanded width of the welded portion 21 so that the 45 ° or less, It can suppress that the inclination part 22 of the welding part 21 becomes concave shape. Thereby, the joint strength of the metal plates 1 and 2 is improved.

さらに、本実施形態では、第１のレーザビームＬ１と第２のレーザビームＬ２との出力比が１：１となるようにレーザビームを分割しているので、入熱のムラが小さくなり、溶接部２１の健全性を担保できる。   Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the laser beam is divided so that the output ratio of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 is 1: 1, unevenness in heat input is reduced, and welding is performed. The soundness of the part 21 can be secured.

本発明は、上記実施形態に限られるものではない。レーザ出力条件、フィラーワイヤ供給条件等は、金属板１，２の板厚・板厚差等に応じて適宜変更可能である。また、上述した実施形態では、金属板１，２の突き合わせ部分において段差面側から第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２を照射しているが、例えば厚みが小さい方の金属板２の裏側にスペーサ部材を配置することにより、突き合わせ部分の段差面を金属板１，２の裏側に形成し、突き合わせ部分の平坦面側から第１のレーザビームＬ１及び第２のレーザビームＬ２を照射するようにしてもよい。   The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Laser output conditions, filler wire supply conditions, and the like can be appropriately changed according to the plate thickness and plate thickness difference of the metal plates 1 and 2. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 are irradiated from the step surface side at the abutting portion of the metal plates 1 and 2, but the metal plate 2 having a smaller thickness, for example. By arranging the spacer member on the back side, a stepped surface of the butted portion is formed on the back side of the metal plates 1 and 2, and the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 are irradiated from the flat surface side of the butted portion. You may make it do.

この場合であっても、図５に示すように、傾斜部分４２の角度θ３が４５°よりも緩やかな溶接部４１を形成できるので、溶接部４１での応力集中が緩和され、金属板１，２の接合体の疲労強度を十分に確保できる。また、レーザ照射によって溶融した金属が自重で下がるので、溶接部４１の傾斜部分４２が凸状に形成され易くなる。この結果、全体として溶接部２１が肉厚になるので、金属板１，２の接合強度の向上が一層図られる。 Even in this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the weld portion 41 can be formed in which the angle θ 3 of the inclined portion 42 is gentler than 45 °. Therefore, the stress concentration in the weld portion 41 is alleviated, and the metal plate 1 , 2 can ensure sufficient fatigue strength. Further, since the metal melted by the laser irradiation is lowered by its own weight, the inclined portion 42 of the welded portion 41 is easily formed in a convex shape. As a result, the welded portion 21 becomes thick as a whole, so that the joint strength of the metal plates 1 and 2 can be further improved.

１，２…金属板、１０…レーザ溶接システム、１６…フィラーワイヤ、２１，４１…溶接部、Ｌ１…第１のレーザビーム、Ｌ２…第２のレーザビーム、Ｓ１，Ｓ２…ビームスポット、Ｒ…溶接予定線。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 ... Metal plate, 10 ... Laser welding system, 16 ... Filler wire, 21, 41 ... Welded part, L1 ... 1st laser beam, L2 ... 2nd laser beam, S1, S2 ... Beam spot, R ... The planned welding line.

Claims (4)

第１の金属板の端部と、前記第１の金属板とは板厚が異なる第２の金属板の端部とを突き合わせ、当該突き合せ部分に設定された溶接予定線に沿ってレーザビームの照射による溶接部を形成するレーザ溶接方法であって、
前記突き合わせ部分上で互いのビームスポットが接し、かつ前記溶接予定線方向に並ぶように、前記レーザビームを第１のレーザビーム及び第２のレーザビームに分割し、
前記第１のレーザビーム及び前記第２のレーザビームの照射位置にフィラーワイヤを供給して前記溶接部を形成することを特徴とするレーザ溶接方法。 The end portion of the first metal plate and the end portion of the second metal plate having a plate thickness different from the first metal plate are abutted, and the laser beam is projected along the planned welding line set in the abutting portion. A laser welding method for forming a welded portion by irradiation,
Splitting the laser beam into a first laser beam and a second laser beam so that the beam spots are in contact with each other on the butted portion and aligned in the direction of the planned welding line;
A laser welding method, wherein a filler wire is supplied to an irradiation position of the first laser beam and the second laser beam to form the welded portion. 前記フィラーワイヤを前記第１のレーザビーム及び前記第２のレーザビームの進行方向側から供給することを特徴とする請求項１記載のレーザ溶接方法。   2. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein the filler wire is supplied from a traveling direction side of the first laser beam and the second laser beam. 前記第１のレーザビーム及び前記第２のレーザビームのスポット径と前記フィラーワイヤの径とを略同径とすることを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載のレーザ溶接方法。   3. The laser welding method according to claim 1, wherein the spot diameters of the first laser beam and the second laser beam and the diameter of the filler wire are substantially the same. 前記第１のレーザビームと前記第２のレーザビームとの出力比が１：１となるように前記レーザビームを分割することを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか一項記載のレーザ溶接方法。   4. The laser welding according to claim 1, wherein the laser beam is divided so that an output ratio of the first laser beam to the second laser beam is 1: 1. 5. Method.
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