JP2010162671A - Inspection system for cutting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inspection system for a cutting tool capable of precisely conducting the inspection of the cutting tool by accurately and consistently processing an image of a tip of the cutting tool which is photographed by a camera. <P>SOLUTION: A control device 80 calculates an initial indexing position and an initial indexing tip position in a reference mark coordinate system based on reference marks M when the cutting tool T is initially indexed at an inspection position, and also calculates a re-indexing position and re-indexing tip position when the indexing is re-applied. A moving quantity Bm.x of the cutting tool T and a difference Bt.x of the initial indexing tip position from the re-indexing tip position of the tip C when the initial indexing position coincides with the re-indexing position are obtained. Then, an abrasion amount Ba.x=(Bt.x-Bm.x) of the tip C is compared with a predefined allowable value and the abrasion amount is fed back to the moving position of the cutting tool T when the abrasion amount is within the allowable value. When the abrasion amount exceeds the allowable value, the control device 80 orders that the cutting tool T is replaced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting tool inspection system that images a cutting tool provided in a machine tool and inspects the state of the cutting tool, such as breakage or wear.

  Conventionally, when inspecting the state of a cutting tool mounted on a machine tool such as a lathe, a milling machine, or a turning center, for example, chip breakage or wear, a mechanical lever type displacement sensor is arranged in the machining zone of the machine tool, The tip is brought into contact with the tip of the lever before and after cutting, and the displacement of the lever is measured and inspected. However, since only one surface of the chip can be inspected by one contact, it is necessary to make contact at least twice in order to inspect a multi-surface chip, and it takes an inspection time. In addition, if the tip is brought into contact with the tip of the lever at a high speed, the tip and the tip of the lever may be damaged due to an impact. Further, since the mechanical lever type displacement sensor has a displacement measurement accuracy of several tens of μm, there is a limit to the improvement of the inspection accuracy.

  As a cutting tool inspection system that solves such a problem, there is a system that images the tip end of a cutting tool using a camera and performs image processing on the image using a computer to inspect the state of the chip. For example, in Patent Document 1, the translation position and the rotation position of the cutting tool are controlled so that the tip of the cutting tool comes to a predetermined inspection position, and the chip at the inspection position is photographed from a predetermined direction. To obtain index data representing the size of chip defects. A cutting tool inspection system is disclosed in which the index data is compared with a predetermined criterion in the system to automatically determine the necessity of tip replacement. Patent Document 2 discloses a cutting tool inspection system in which a cutting tool is rotated or moved, a plurality of chip states are captured by a camera, and an inspection is performed by selectively using a focused image from the plurality of images. Is disclosed.

  According to these cutting tool inspection systems, since the entire multi-faceted chip can be imaged at once using a camera and processed by image processing, the multi-face shaped chip can be inspected several times using the lever-type displacement sensor. Therefore, the inspection time can be shortened compared with the case where the contact is made at a low speed over the distance and the displacement is measured and inspected. An optical camera can inspect with high accuracy of several microns or less by increasing the resolution.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-96616 (paragraphs 0007, 0009, FIGS. 1 and 2) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-227312 (paragraph 0011, FIG. 1)

  In the cutting tool inspection system using the above-described camera, only the tip position of the tip of the cutting tool is measured to determine the wear amount of the tip. When the wear amount is within the allowable value, the wear amount is fed back to the moving position of the cutting tool to improve the machining accuracy of the workpiece, and when the wear amount exceeds the allowable value, an instruction to replace the cutting tool is given. It is like that. Thus, since only the tip position of the tip of the cutting tool is measured to determine the amount of wear of the tip, the amount of wear may be hidden by the error in the amount of movement of the cutting tool. In such a case, even if the amount of wear exceeds an allowable value, replacement of the cutting tool is not instructed, and there is a possibility that a machining defect of the workpiece may occur.

  The inspection position for imaging the tip of the tip of the cutting tool is set near the maximum diameter so that the workpiece having the maximum diameter that can be attached to the main shaft does not interfere with the camera. Therefore, the inspection position is the position where the thermal strain of the ball screw that moves the X-axis slide device forwards and backwards is maximized. Therefore, when cutting the vicinity of the inspection position of the workpiece with the cutting tool after the inspection, Although acting to compensate for distortion, when machining a portion near the central axis of the workpiece, there is a risk of acting in reverse to reduce machining accuracy.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool inspection system capable of always accurately processing a cutting tool image captured by a camera and accurately inspecting the cutting tool.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the structural feature of the invention according to claim 1 is provided in a machine tool, and a cutting tool inspection system for imaging a cutting tool for processing a workpiece and inspecting the state of the cutting tool. When the first position of the cutting tool is in the inspection position, the first position and the first tip position of the cutting tool are stored, and the second position of the cutting tool is in the inspection position, The second position and the second tip position of the cutting tool are stored, and based on the difference between the first tip position and the second tip position and the amount of displacement between the first position and the second position. A control device for obtaining the wear amount of the cutting tool is provided.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a structural feature of a cutting tool inspection system that is provided in a machine tool and images a cutting tool for processing a workpiece and inspects the state of the cutting tool. When the first positioning is performed, the first position and the first tip position of the cutting tool are stored, and the cutting tool is configured so that the second position of the cutting tool matches the displayed first position. When the tool is second positioned at the inspection position, the second tip position of the cutting tool is obtained, and the amount of wear of the cutting tool is determined based on the difference between the second tip position and the first tip position. The required control device is provided.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or second aspect, the control device captures an image of a reference position that is a reference for obtaining a contour position of the cutting tool and the cutting tool in the same field of view. The image is processed, and the first and second positions and the first and second tip positions of the cutting tool in the reference position coordinate system based on the reference position are stored in a storage unit.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the reference position device having the reference position, the reference position, and the cutting tool are imaged at the inspection position. And an image pickup device having an image pickup means, wherein the control device positions the reference position device, the image pickup device, and the cutting tool at the inspection position.

  A structural feature of the invention according to claim 5 is that in any one of claims 1 to 4, the control device is a displacement of the cutting tool that is a difference between the first position and the second position. The amount is to be determined.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a structural feature of a cutting tool inspection system that is provided in a machine tool and images a cutting tool for processing a workpiece and inspects the state of the cutting tool. Each reference point having a plurality of reference points separated by an arbitrary distance in the moving direction of the part with respect to the workpiece, positioning the plurality of reference points at the inspection position, and measuring the positions of the reference points. The difference in position is proportionally distributed by the separation distance of each reference point and reflected in the movement of the cutting tool.

  The structural feature of the invention described in claim 7 is that, in claim 6, the plurality of reference points are formed on a reference point member provided in the mounting portion.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the control device stores the first position and the first tip position of the cutting tool when the cutting tool is first positioned at the inspection position, and the cutting tool is moved to the inspection position. 2, the second position and the second tip position of the cutting tool are stored, the difference between the first tip position and the second tip position, and the displacement amount between the first position and the second position, The amount of wear of the cutting tool is obtained based on this. As described above, since the difference between the first tip position and the second tip position is obtained in consideration of not only the tip position of the cutting tool but also the moving position, the difference is hidden in the error of the moving amount of the cutting tool. In other words, the cutting tool can be accurately inspected while maintaining the image processing accuracy at a high level at all times, and the cutting accuracy by the cutting tool can be improved.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the control device stores the first position and the first tip position of the cutting tool when the cutting tool is first positioned at the inspection position, and displays the first position at the displayed first position. When the cutting tool is second positioned at the inspection position so that the second position of the cutting tool coincides, the second tip position of the cutting tool is obtained, and the second tip position and the first tip position are determined. The wear amount of the cutting tool is obtained based on the difference. Thus, since the difference between the first tip position and the second tip position is obtained by matching the first position and the second position of the cutting tool, the difference is hidden in the error of the moving amount of the cutting tool. The cutting tool can be accurately inspected while maintaining the image processing accuracy at a high level at all times, and the cutting accuracy by the cutting tool can be improved.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the control device captures the reference position and the cutting tool as a reference for obtaining the contour position of the cutting tool in the same field of view and processes the image, and the reference position coordinate system based on the reference position. The first and second positions and the first and second tip positions of the cutting tool are stored in the storage means. Thereby, the memorize | stored 1st and 2nd position and 1st and 2nd front-end | tip position can be used as it is, and a cutting tool can be test | inspected rapidly.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the control device positions the reference position device having the reference position, the imaging device having the imaging means for imaging the reference position and the cutting tool at the inspection position, and the cutting tool at the inspection position. Therefore, it is possible to easily perform imaging in the same field of view of the reference position device and the cutting tool by the imaging device.

  According to the invention of claim 5, since the control device obtains the amount of displacement of the cutting tool, which is the difference between the first position and the second position, the inspection of the cutting tool including the thermal strain of the machine tool and the like. It can be performed.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 6, it has several reference points spaced by arbitrary distance in the moving direction with respect to the workpiece of the mounting part of a cutting tool, and positions these reference points in an inspection position, and each The position of the reference point is measured, and the difference of the measured position of each reference point is proportionally distributed by the separation distance of each reference point and reflected in the movement of the cutting tool. As a result, even if the inspection position is set near, for example, the machining diameter of the cutting tool for large diameters, that is, the position at which the thermal strain of the ball screw that moves the mounting portion is maximized, the cutting tool for large diameters after inspection is used. When cutting a portion near the inspection position of a workpiece and when cutting a portion near the central axis of the workpiece with, for example, a small-diameter cutting tool after the inspection, the portion near the central axis of the workpiece from the vicinity of the inspection position In the case of cutting the gap, it acts to compensate for thermal distortion of the ball screw, so that the machining accuracy of the workpiece can be increased.
According to the seventh aspect of the invention, since a plurality of reference points are formed on the reference point member provided in the mounting portion, a detachable reference point member can be configured, and the reference point formation accuracy is improved. Can be increased.

It is a front view which shows the turret lathe provided with the cutting tool inspection system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) And (B) is the front view and side view which show the periphery of a cutting tool inspection system. It is a front view of a cutting tool inspection system. It is a perspective view which shows the reference | standard mark rod of a cutting tool inspection system. It is a perspective view which shows the camera rod of a cutting tool inspection system. It is a figure which shows the gauge in which the reference mark of the reference mark rod was formed. (A), (B) is explanatory drawing which calculates | requires the edge of the chip | tip for the test | inspection of a cutting tool. (A)-(C) is explanatory drawing which calculates | requires the coordinate value of the index front-end | tip position of the chip | tip of a cutting tool. (A), (B) is explanatory drawing which makes the initial index position and re-index position of a chip correspond. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the chip | tip origin of the 1st and 2nd cutting tool with which the turret apparatus was mounted | worn, a reference mark, a workpiece | work origin, and a cutting position. It is a figure which shows the shift | offset | difference of the front-end | tip position of the tip of a cutting tool when the thermal distortion etc. have arisen in the ball screw of the turret apparatus. (A), (B) is the side view and top view of a reference | standard tool gauge used when compensating the thermal distortion of the ball screw of the X-axis direction of a turret apparatus. It is a front view which shows the periphery of the cutting tool inspection system to which the reference | standard tool gauge was attached. It is a top view of the reference | standard tool gauge used when compensating the thermal strain of the ball screw of a Z-axis direction of a turret apparatus and an X-axis direction. It is a flowchart which shows corresponding | compatible operation | movement when there exists a possibility that cutting powder and cutting fluid may adhere to a camera etc. in the test | inspection of a cutting tool. It is a flowchart which shows corresponding | compatible operation | movement when there exists a possibility that cutting powder or cutting fluid may adhere to a chip | tip, a camera, etc. in the test | inspection of a cutting tool. It is a flowchart which shows another corresponding | compatible operation | movement when there exists a possibility that cutting powder and cutting fluid may adhere to a camera etc. in the test | inspection of a cutting tool. It is a figure which shows the image which imaged the front-end | tip part of the chip | tip of the cutting tool in the flowchart shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows another form of the gauge in which the reference mark of the reference mark rod was formed. It is a figure which shows another form of the brush for reference marks, the brush for cameras, and a water injection nozzle.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the turret lathe 1, a headstock 10 fixed so that its axis is parallel to the Z-axis direction (horizontal direction), a direction parallel to the Z-axis direction, and the Z-axis A turret device 20 that is movable in a direction parallel to the X-axis direction that is orthogonal to the direction and tilted backward by 60 degrees with respect to the vertical direction is disposed opposite to the direction. A spindle 11 is supported on the spindle stock 10 so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the Z-axis direction. The main shaft 11 is rotationally driven by a main shaft drive motor (not shown). A chuck 12 that grips the workpiece W is attached to the tip of the main shaft 11 on the turret device 20 side. The headstock 10 and the spindle drive motor having such a configuration are fixed on the bed 13.

  The turret device 20 is provided with a turret tool post 21 so that it can be rotated and indexed about an axis parallel to the Z-axis direction. A plurality of cutting tools T are mounted on the turret tool post 21 at equal angular intervals on the circumference. The turret device 20 having such a configuration is attached to the X-axis slide 22. The X-axis slide 22 is mounted on the Z-axis slide 23 so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the X-axis direction, and is moved by an unillustrated X-axis servo motor via an unillustrated ball screw mechanism. ing. The Z-axis slide 23 is mounted on the bed 24 so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the Z-axis direction, and is moved by a Z-axis servo motor (not shown) via a ball screw mechanism (not shown). . Further, in the vicinity of the tool mounting portion of the turret tool post 21, gas, for example, air, is used, for example, a tip C of the cutting tool T (see FIG. 9. In the case of a cutting tool that does not have a tip such as a high-speed tool, the cutting edge portion) An air injection nozzle 25 is provided for spraying and cleaning cutting powder and cutting fluid adhering to the surface of the chip.

  A cover 2 that covers the headstock 10 and the turret device 20 is provided in the turret lathe 1, and a partition 2 c that partitions the headstock 10 side and the turret device 20 side is provided in the cover 2. The turret device 20 moves with respect to the headstock 10 fixedly arranged, and the cutting tool T on the turret tool post 21 cuts the outer periphery and the end face of the workpiece W held by the chuck 12. Thus, the partition wall 2c is provided so that cutting powder, cutting fluid, and the like that are scattered will not adhere to the headstock 10 or the like. That is, the headstock 10 side partitioned by the partition wall 2 c is the isolation zone 3, and the turret device 20 side is the processing zone 4. The main shaft 11 protrudes from the hole provided in the partition wall 2 c to the machining zone 4 side, and a chuck 12 is attached to the tip of the main shaft 11.

  Further, in the turret lathe 1, a cutting tool inspection system 30 that images, for example, a chip of the cutting tool T and inspects the state of the chip is provided. The cutting tool inspection system 30 includes a reference mark rod (reference position device) 40 having a reference mark (reference position) serving as a reference for obtaining a contour position of a chip, and a camera rod (including a camera for imaging the reference mark and the chip). Imaging device) 50. The cutting tool inspection system 30 is attached to the headstock 10 so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the Z-axis direction. Note that the cutting tool inspection system 30 may be attached to the bed 13 in addition to the headstock 10 as long as it is a member to which a workpiece is attached.

  The cutting tool inspection system 30 will be described in more detail. As shown in FIG. 3, the reference mark rod 40 is located on the lower side, the camera rod 50 is located on the upper side, and the longitudinal directions of the reference mark rod 40 and the camera rod 50 are The reference mark part 40a and the camera part 50a are arranged so as to face the right direction in parallel with the Z-axis direction. The opposing side surfaces of the reference mark rod 40 and the camera rod 50 on the left end side are connected by a connecting member 32. The reference mark rod 40 is mounted on the headstock 10 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, and the left end portion is connected to the drive device 33.

  The drive device 33 includes a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or the like, and the reference mark rod 40 and the camera rod 50 are movable by the drive device 33 in a direction parallel to the Z-axis direction. During the cutting process, the shutters 31a and 31b of the entrances 2a and 2b provided in the partition wall 2c are closed, and the reference mark rod 40 and the camera rod 50 are located at the retracted position in the isolation zone 3, and during the inspection, the shutter 31a. 31b is opened, and the reference mark portion 40a and the camera portion 50a protrude from the entrances 2a and 2b toward the processing zone 4 and are located at the inspection position. The shutters 31a and 31b can prevent the cutting powder or cutting fluid generated and scattered during the cutting process from entering the isolation zone 3 from the entrances 2a and 2b.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the reference mark rod 40 is formed in a rounded rectangular parallelepiped shape with as many protrusions as possible by giving a rounded corner. Thereby, the entrance / exit between the isolation zone 3 and the process zone 4 can be performed smoothly. In particular, by eliminating the catch when returning from the processing zone 4 to the isolation zone 3, it is possible to prevent the cutting powder or the cutting fluid from entering the isolation zone 3. A transparent glass gauge 41 is embedded in the upper side surface of the reference mark portion 40a of the reference mark rod 40. The reference mark is imprinted with ink by printing or etching.

  A light emitting body 42 is disposed on the lower surface side of the gauge 41, and a protective body 43 made of transparent glass is disposed on the upper surface of the gauge 41. The illuminant 42 is lit only during imaging in order to reduce the thermal distortion of the gauge 41 due to heat generation. Note that the wiring of the light emitter 42 is passed through the reference mark rod 40. The protector 43 is fitted with a reference by fitting or the like so that the surface of the protector 43 is flush with the surface of the reference mark rod 40 and can be easily replaced when the light transmittance is reduced due to scratches or the like. It is attached to the mark rod 40. The boundary between the protective body 43 and the reference mark rod 40 is sealed by a sealing member, and the inside of the reference mark rod 40 is kept watertight.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, gas, for example, air is sprayed toward the surface of the protective body 43 on both sides of the protective body 43 of the reference mark rod 40, and cutting powder adhered to the surface of the protective body 43 An air injection nozzle 44 that blows away a cutting fluid or the like and cleans it is provided. The air injection nozzle 44 is formed in a plate shape and is screwed to both sides of the protective body 43 of the reference mark rod 40, and also serves as a presser for the protective body 43. Three air jet outlets 44 a communicating with an air flow passage 44 b formed inside the air jet nozzle 44 are drilled side by side on opposite surfaces of the air jet nozzles 44 arranged on both sides of the protective body 43. The air flow passage 44b is connected to an unillustrated air pipe passing through the inside of the reference mark rod 40 from an unillustrated air pump arranged on the headstock 10 side.

  The formation surface of the air injection port 44a of the air injection nozzle 44 disposed on the lower side is formed with an inclined surface of 30 degrees. This is because the reference mark rod 40 is inclined backward by 60 degrees with respect to the vertical direction. This is because it is easy to allow cutting powder, cutting fluid, and the like to fall from the formation surface of the air ejection port 44a. That is, if the formation surface of the air outlet 44a is formed as a vertical surface, cutting powder or cutting fluid may accumulate on the formation surface. In addition, an air jet port for injecting air in a direction perpendicular to the formation surface is further formed on the formation surface of the air jet port 44a disposed on the lower side, or the air jet port 44a is formed in a direction perpendicular to the formation surface. In order to inject air, it is also possible to inject air to the tip of the cutting tool located above during the inspection, and to blow away the cutting powder or cutting fluid adhering to the surface of the tip for cleaning. Can do.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the camera rod 50 is also formed in a rounded rectangular parallelepiped shape with no protrusion as much as possible by cornering the corner. Thereby, the entrance / exit between the isolation zone 3 and the process zone 4 can be performed smoothly. In particular, by eliminating the catch when returning from the processing zone 4 to the isolation zone 3, it is possible to prevent the cutting powder or the cutting fluid from entering the isolation zone 3. A transparent glass protective body 51 is embedded in the lower surface of the camera portion 50a of the camera rod 50. Inside the camera unit 50a and above the protective body 51, a reflection mirror 52 is disposed to be inclined 45 degrees counterclockwise with respect to the X-axis direction, and to the left of the reflection mirror 52 inside the camera unit 50a. A camera 54 such as a CCD having a condensing lens 53 is arranged. The protective body 51 is inserted into the camera rod so that the surface of the protective body 51 is flush with the surface of the camera rod 50 and can be easily replaced when the light transmittance is reduced due to scratches or the like. 50 is attached. The boundary between the protective body 51 and the camera rod 50 is sealed by a seal member, and the inside of the camera rod 50 is kept watertight.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, gas, for example, air is sprayed toward the surface of the protective body 51 on both sides of the protective body 51 of the camera rod 50, and cutting powder or cutting adhered to the surface of the protective body 51. An air injection nozzle 55 is provided for cleaning the liquid by blowing it away. The air injection nozzle 55 is formed in a plate shape and is screwed to both sides of the protection body 51 of the camera rod 50, and also serves as a presser for the protection body 51. Three air jet outlets 55 a communicating with an air flow passage 55 b formed inside the air jet nozzle 55 are punched side by side on opposite surfaces of the air jet nozzle 55 arranged on both sides of the protective body 51. The air flow passage 55b is connected to an unillustrated air pipe passing through the inside of the camera rod 50 from the above-described air pump disposed on the headstock 10 side. Only one of the air injection nozzles 44 and 55 may be provided.

As shown in FIG. 3, the surface of the protective body 43 of the reference mark rod 40 and the surface of the protective body 51 of the camera rod 50 are particularly cleaned on the wall surface near the entrances 2a and 2b of the partition wall 2c and on the isolation zone 3 side. A reference mark brush 61 and a camera brush 62, and a water spray nozzle 63 for spraying fluid, for example, water containing water or air when cleaning is performed by the brushes 61 and 62, are fixedly disposed. The water jet nozzle 63 is formed in a rod shape and has water jet ports 63a and 63b which are communicated with a water flow passage 63c formed therein and are drilled at both ends. The water flow passage 63c is connected to a pipe extending from a pump (not shown) disposed on the headstock 10 side. The reference mark brush 61 and the camera brush 62 are attached in the vicinity of the water jet outlets 63a and 63b of the water jet nozzle 63 so that the hair tips are in sliding contact with the upper side surface of the reference mark rod 40 and the lower side surface of the camera rod 50. Therefore, each time the reference mark rod 40 and the camera rod 50 move between the isolation zone 3 and the processing zone 4, the surface of the protective body 43 and the surface of the protective body 51 can be automatically cleaned. Note that only one of the reference mark brush 61 and the camera brush 62 may be provided.
The headstock 10, the turret device 20, the cutting tool inspection system 30 and the like described above are controlled by a control device 80 including a calculation means 81, a storage means 82, and the like installed in the upper right part of the turret lathe 1 shown in FIG. The

  Here, when the cutting tool tip is inspected by image processing, the cutting tool tip enters the camera field of view from various angles. For example, when a reference mark is formed at the center of the field of view, the reference mark is It may be hidden by the chip so that image processing is impossible, or the chip image may not be captured sufficiently. For this reason, it is necessary to capture the image of the reference mark and the image of the chip separately, and the inspection takes a long time.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the gauge 41 provided in the reference mark portion 40a of the reference mark rod 40 of the present embodiment is formed in a quadrangular shape with transparent glass and includes 28 reference marks M along the inner periphery. Is imprinted with ink by printing or etching. A square area surrounded by a dashed line in the figure formed inside the reference mark M is a total measurement area AA used when the chip of the cutting tool is entirely inspected, and is further formed inside the area. A rectangular area surrounded by a two-dot chain line in the figure is a cutting edge measurement area AC used when inspecting the tip of a cutting tool tip. Since a plurality of reference marks M formed on such a gauge 41 are taken into the field of view of the camera 54, even if the tip of the cutting tool enters the field of view of the camera 54 from various angles, the image of the reference mark M and the chip Images can be captured at once and image processing can be performed by the first method or the second method described below.

  In the first method, first, 28 reference marks M are grouped. For example, seven reference marks M formed along the left side of the gauge 41 and eight reference marks M formed along the lower side of the gauge 41 (excluded because one corner overlaps). Is the first group. Seven reference marks M formed along the left side of the gauge 41 and eight reference marks M formed along the upper side of the gauge 41 (excluded because one corner overlaps) There are two groups. Seven reference marks M formed along the right side of the gauge 41 and eight reference marks M formed along the upper side of the gauge 41 (excluded because one corner overlaps) There are 3 groups. Seven reference marks M formed along the right side of the gauge 41 and eight reference marks M formed along the lower side of the gauge 41 (excluded because one corner overlaps) There are 4 groups. Then, the center of gravity G of all the 28 reference marks M is obtained, the centers of gravity G1 to G4 of the reference marks M of each group are obtained, and vectors V1 to V4 of differences between the center of gravity G and the centers of gravity G1 to G4 are obtained. Store in memory.

  Next, when the tip enters the field of view of the camera 54 in the inspection of the tip of the cutting tool and, for example, the third group reference mark M cannot be recognized, the first group reference mark M can be recognized. Therefore, the center of gravity g1 of the reference mark M of the first group at that time is obtained. Then, the difference vector V1 corresponding to the reference mark M of the first group is read from the memory of the computer, and corresponds to the center of gravity g1 of the reference mark M of the first group obtained previously and the read reference mark M of the first group. The center of gravity g of all the reference marks M is obtained from the difference vector V1. Then, the center of gravity g is used to obtain the chip contour position (edge and nose R), and the chip is inspected for breakage or wear.

  In the second method, first, correction vectors v1 to v28 from the 28 reference marks M (M1 to M28) to the centroids G of all 28 reference marks M are obtained and stored in the memory of the computer. Keep it. Next, when the chip enters the field of view of the camera 54 in the inspection of the chip of the cutting tool and, for example, the reference marks M1 to M8 cannot be recognized, correction corresponding to the remaining recognizable reference marks M9 to M28 is performed. The centroids g9 to g28 are obtained from the vectors v9 to v28, and the average value thereof is obtained. Then, the obtained average value is set as the center of gravity g0 of all the reference marks M, and the center of gravity g0 is used to obtain the chip contour position (edge and nose R) to inspect chip breakage, wear, and the like.

  According to each of the above methods, since the relationship between the reference mark M and the tip of the cutting tool does not change, when the reference mark portion 40a of the reference mark rod 40 stops at a predetermined inspection position, the stop position is displaced. However, no deviation occurs in the contour position of the cutting tool tip obtained from the absolute position of the center of gravity g or g0 of the reference mark M at that time. Therefore, by comparing the contour position of the tip of the cutting tool before cutting with the contour position of the tip of the cutting tool after cutting, it is possible to inspect chip breakage, wear, and the like with high accuracy.

  Here, as described in the problem to be solved by the invention, conventionally, only the tip position of the tip of the cutting tool is measured to obtain the amount of wear of the tip. Therefore, the amount of wear is the amount of movement of the cutting tool. It may be hidden by error. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the amount of wear of the chip is determined, the moving position of the cutting tool is also measured to solve this problem, which will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, the control device 80 first images the cutting tool T before use to the inspection position (first positioning), and images the reference mark M and the chip C of the cutting tool T with the camera 54 in the same field of view. And a pattern matching template for the chip C for obtaining the initial index position (first position) of the cutting tool T in the reference mark coordinate system based on the reference mark M is created. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7A, the tip C of the cutting tool T is positioned in the cutting edge measurement area AC, and the seek line La is set at the portion excluding the cutting edge measurement area AC of the total measurement area AA. Automatically generated, the edge of the chip C is obtained and set as the initial index position of the chip C. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7B, the tip C of the cutting tool T is positioned in the cutting edge measurement area AC, and the seek line La is automatically generated in the entire measurement area AA, and the edge of the tip C is formed. Obtain the initial index position of chip C. The seek line La extends in a direction perpendicular to the edge of the chip C imaged in the two-dimensional virtual screen formed by the reference mark coordinate system, and the luminance change rate is a maximum value (a point where the luminance changes from dark to bright). The position of the edge of the chip C, that is, the initial index position of the chip C is obtained by a plurality of line segments having a predetermined length centering on the point.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8 (A), a plurality of seek lines Lb directed downward in the cutting edge measurement area AC are set at a predetermined interval, and the maximum value of the luminance change rate (point that changes from dark to bright) is set. A seek line Lbm serving as the lowest point (edge Eb) is obtained and set as an X-direction cutting line. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 8B, a plurality of seek lines Lc that are directed leftward in the blade edge measurement area AC are set at predetermined intervals, and the maximum value of the luminance change rate (the point that changes from dark to bright). ) Is the leftmost point (edge Ec), and the seek line Lcm is obtained as the Z-direction cutting line. Then, as shown in FIG. 8C, a distance Rz between the X direction cutting line Lbm and a line Lbp parallel to the X direction cutting line Lbm and passing through the edge Ec of the Z direction cutting line Lcm is obtained. Similarly, a distance Rx between the Z direction cutting line Lcm and a line Lcp parallel to the Z direction cutting line Lcm and passing through the edge Eb of the X direction cutting line Lbm is obtained, and the intersection of the line Lbp and the line Lcp is used as a reference. The initial index tip position (Z0, X0) (first tip position) of the chip C in the mark coordinate system is used. The larger one of the distance Rz and the distance Rx is regarded as the nose R at the tip of the chip C here.

  Next, when the used cutting tool T is re-indexed to the inspection position (second positioning), the re-indexing position (second position) of the tip C of the cutting tool T in the reference mark coordinate system based on the reference mark M. And the re-indexing tip position (Z1, X1) (second tip position) of the chip C is obtained by the method described above. Then, the movement amount Bm. Of the cutting tool T when the re-indexing position of the chip C shown in FIG. 9B is matched with the initial indexing position of the chip C shown in FIG. x and the difference Bt. between the X-coordinate value X0 of the initial index tip position of chip C and the X-coordinate value X1 of the re-index tip position. Find x. Wear amount Ba of tip C at this time Ba. x is Bt. x-Bm. x. This movement amount Bm. x is a displacement amount between the initial index position and the re-index position. In the figure, only the X-axis direction is shown for convenience, but the same applies to the Z-axis direction.

  The wear amount Ba. x and a predetermined allowable value are compared, and the wear amount Ba. When x is within the allowable value, the difference Bt. By feeding back x to the moving position of the cutting tool T, the machining accuracy of the workpiece can be increased. Further, the wear amount Ba. When x exceeds the allowable value, it is determined that the chip C is abnormal such as breakage. Then, by displaying a message instructing replacement of the cutting tool T or turning on a warning lamp or a warning buzzer, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of machining defects.

  In the above example, when the used cutting tool T is re-indexed to the inspection position, the reference mark M and the chip C are imaged with the camera 54 in the same field of view, and the re-indexing position of the chip C is obtained. Although the indexing position and the re-indexing position of the chip C are matched by image processing, the cutting tool T after use is temporarily re-indexed to the inspection position, and the reference mark M and the chip C of the cutting tool T are captured by the camera 54. After re-indexing the cutting tool T to the inspection position so that the chip C after use matches the pattern matching template of the chip C indicating the initial index position of the chip C while imaging in the same field of view, the reference mark M and The chip C is imaged with the same field of view and taken into the control device 80, the re-indexing tip position (Z1, X1) of the chip C in the reference mark coordinate system at this time is obtained, and the initial indexing tip of the chip C Difference Bt of the X coordinate value X1 of the re-indexing tip position the X coordinate value X0 of location. Find x. In this case, the wear amount Ba. x is the difference Bt. x.

According to the present embodiment, the wear amount Ba. Of the tip C is thus independent of the error in the amount of movement of the cutting tool T. x not only can be measured, but the wear amount Ba. Since the error of the moving amount of the cutting tool T can be corrected regardless of x, it can be used for correcting, for example, thermal distortion of the ball screw of the turret device 20, and will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the turret device 20 has a first cutting tool T1 for machining the same workpiece W and a length and an offset amount of the first cutting tool T1. It is assumed that a different second cutting tool T2 is attached. Here, the reference for the length in the axial direction of the workpiece W is the end face Wf of the abutment of the chuck 12 against which the end face of the workpiece W abuts, and the reference for the size in the radial direction of the workpiece W is the workpiece. The center axis WC of the main shaft 11 to which the chuck 12 for gripping the workpiece W is attached is defined as the intersection of the end face Wf and the center axis WC as the workpiece origin (Wzo, Wxo). The workpiece origin (Wzo, Wxo) from the mark center (MCz, MCx), which is the coordinate value in the machine coordinate system of the origin of the reference mark coordinate system based on the reference mark M of the reference mark rod 40 located at the inspection position. The offset amount up to is F (vector).

  The control device 80 drives the X-axis and Z-axis servo motors to move the X-axis slide 22 and the Z-axis slide 23. First, the tip of the tip C1 of the first cutting tool T1 is placed at the turret device 20 at the machine origin. The moving amount P1 (vector) is moved from the chip origin (C1zo, C1xo) when located at (Zo, Xo) toward the mark center (MCz, MCx). Here, when thermal distortion or the like has occurred in the ball screw of the turret device 20, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, the tip of the chip C1 is positioned by being shifted from the mark center (MCz, MCx) by (Rz, Rx). It will be. After the chip C1 is moved, the reference mark M and the tip of the chip C1 are imaged by the camera 54 in the same field of view and image processing is performed, and the shift amount, which is the coordinate value of the tip position of the chip C1 in the reference mark coordinate system, is R1. (Vector) is calculated. If the movement amount for accurately moving the tip of the chip C1 from the chip origin (C1zo, C1xo) to the mark center (MCz, MCx) is Q1 (vector), Q1 is obtained by subtracting R1 from P1.

  Next, the length Wz and the radius Wx of the workpiece W when the workpiece W is cut to a predetermined position by the first cutting tool T1 are measured, and the cutting position (Wz) is determined from the workpiece origin (Wzo, Wxo). , Wx) is U (vector), and V1 (vector) is the amount of movement from the tip origin (C1zo, C1xo) to the cutting position (Wz, Wx), V1 is the sum of Q1, F and U It becomes. The amount of movement V1 can be detected as the amount of movement of the turret device 20 in order to move the tip of the tip C1 from the tip origin (C1zo, C1xo) to the cutting position (Wz, Wx). From the above, the same offset amount F can be determined for all cutting tools (however, the cutting reaction force is ignored).

  For this reason, when changing from the first cutting tool T1 to the second cutting tool T2 and starting cutting from the cutting position (Wz, Wx), the tip of the tip C2 of the second cutting tool T2 is moved to the turret. The movement amount P2 (vector) is moved from the chip origin (C2zo, C2xo) toward the mark center (MCz, MCx) when the apparatus 20 is located at the machine origin (Zo, Xo). After moving the chip C2, the reference mark M and the tip of the chip C2 are imaged by the camera 54 in the same field of view, and the amount of deviation of the tip of the chip C2 is calculated as R2 (vector). If the movement amount for accurately moving the tip of the chip C2 from the chip origin (C1zo, C1xo) to the mark center (MCz, MCx) is Q2 (vector), Q2 is obtained by subtracting R2 from P2. When the movement amount from the tip origin (C1zo, C1xo) to the cutting position (Wz, Wx) is V2 (vector), V2 is obtained by adding Q2, F, and U. In this case, U is a movement amount (vector) from the workpiece origin (Wzo, Wxo) to the cutting position (Wz, Wx). Accordingly, when the first cutting tool T1 is changed to the second cutting tool T2, and the second cutting tool T2 is moved to the cutting position (Wz, Wx), the error-corrected movement amount V2 (vector) is described above. As described above, it is possible to easily and quickly calculate and start machining directly by simply obtaining the deviation amount R2 of the second cutting tool T2.

  In addition, as described in the problem to be solved by the invention, since the inspection position has been conventionally set at a position where the thermal strain of the ball screw is maximized, a portion near the inspection position of the workpiece is checked by a cutting tool after inspection. When cutting, it works to compensate for the thermal distortion of the ball screw, but when cutting near the center axis of the workpiece, it may work in reverse and reduce the machining accuracy. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the turret tool post 21 of the turret device 20 is provided with a reference tool gauge (reference point member), which will be described in detail below, to solve this problem, which will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 12 (A) and 12 (B), the reference tool gauge 90 is a strip-shaped steel plate having both ends bent at right angles in one direction (left direction in the figure). Used to compensate for thermal distortion of ball screw. Between the corner (reference point) 91a of the outer side of one bent portion 91 (downward in the figure) and the corner (reference point) 92a of the inner side of the other bent portion 92 (upper in the figure) The large-diameter cutting tool and the small-diameter cutting tool are formed so as to be separated from each other in the X-axis direction by a predetermined distance LX that is set in accordance with the difference in machining diameter between the large-diameter cutting tool and the small-diameter cutting tool. The distance LX between the first reference point 91a and the second reference point 92a is measured in advance and stored in the storage unit 82 of the control device 80.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the reference tool gauge 90 has a first reference point 91a at the outer peripheral side of the tool rest (when cutting) at one tool mounting position of the turret tool rest (mounting portion) 21 of the turret device 20. The second reference point 92a is located on the center side of the tool post, and the first reference point 91a and the second reference point 92a are positioned at the tip end of the tip C of the cutting tool T of FIG. It is attached so that the straight line passing through the X-axis direction. In this example, the distance LX between the first reference point 91a and the second reference point 92a is substantially the same as the distance lx between the center axis WC of the workpiece W and the center line BC (inspection position) of the reference mark rod 40. They are set the same. However, the distance LX is not necessarily set to be substantially the same as the distance lx, and may be an arbitrary distance.

  The control device 80 moves the turret device 20 in the Z and X-axis directions to determine the first reference point 91a of the reference tool gauge 90 as the inspection position, and measures the position of the first reference point 91a in the reference mark coordinate system. To do. Subsequently, the turret device 20 is moved in the X-axis direction to determine the second reference point 92a of the reference tool gauge 90 as an inspection position, and the position of the second reference point 92a in the reference mark coordinate system is measured. Then, the difference between the measured position of the first reference point 91a and the position of the second reference point 92a is obtained, and the difference between the first reference point 91a and the second reference point 92a stored in the storage means 82 is obtained. Proportional distribution is performed at the distance LX, and is reflected in the movement of the cutting tool in the X-axis direction from the inspection position to the center axis WC of the workpiece W. Thereby, even if the inspection position is set near the machining diameter of the cutting tool for large diameter, that is, the position where the thermal distortion of the ball screw that moves the turret device 20 in the X-axis direction is set to the maximum, Since it acts so as to compensate for the thermal distortion of the ball screw when cutting between locations near the center axis WC of the workpiece W, the machining accuracy of the workpiece W can be increased.

  A reference tool gauge 93 shown in FIG. 14 is made of an inverted L-shaped steel plate, and is used when compensating not only the X-axis direction but also the thermal distortion of the ball screw in the Z-axis direction. That is, the first reference point 91a and the second reference point 92a in the X-axis direction similar to the reference tool gauge 90 shown in FIG. 12 are formed on one side of the L shape, and the first reference point in the Z-axis direction. A point 94a and a second reference point 95a are formed on the other side of the L shape. The first reference point 94a and the second reference point 95a in the Z-axis direction are formed so as to be separated in the Z-axis direction by a predetermined distance LZ set according to the length of the workpiece W in the axial direction. Has been. Also in this case, the thermal strain of the ball screw that moves the turret device 20 in the Z-axis direction is set in the vicinity of the end surface on the free end side of the workpiece W by the same method as the reference tool gauge 90 shown in FIG. Even if it is set to the maximum position, it acts so as to compensate for the thermal distortion of the ball screw when cutting between the vicinity of the end surface on the free end side of the workpiece W and the vicinity of the end surface on the chuck 12 side. The processing accuracy of the workpiece W can be increased.

  The above-described reference tool gauges 90 and 93 are configured to measure two locations, the first reference points 91a and 94a and the second reference points 92a and 95a. It is good also as a structure which forms between two reference points 92a and 95a in a comb-tooth shape, and measures each comb tooth as a reference point. Further, instead of comb teeth, a plurality of holes may be drilled in parallel in the gauge, and each hole may be measured as a reference point. Moreover, although the standard tool gauges 90 and 93 are made of steel plates, glass plates may be used.

  Conventionally, when cutting powder or cutting fluid adheres to a camera or a chip, it may be erroneously determined in the image processing of the chip imaged after the cutting process, which may reduce the machining accuracy of the workpiece. In such a case, it is necessary to capture the chip image again after removing the cutting powder and cutting fluid from the camera and the chip, but a time loss occurs. Furthermore, when cutting powder or cutting fluid adheres to the chip, it may not be possible to determine whether they are simply attached or whether an abnormality has occurred in the chip. Therefore, in the present invention, the problem is solved by using the air injection nozzles 44 and 55, the reference mark brush 61, and the camera brush 62, which will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  When the cutting tool T before use is mounted on the turret tool post 21, the control device 80 sets the reference mark portion 40a of the reference mark rod 40, the camera portion 50a of the camera rod 50, and the cutting tool T before use at the inspection position. An initial index is obtained, and an image obtained by capturing the reference mark M and the tip C of the cutting tool T with the camera 54 in the same field of view is stored in the storage means 82. Further, the control device 80 captures the total measurement area AA by the camera 54 when the chip C of the cutting tool T is detached in the state where the cutting powder, the cutting fluid or the like is not attached to the surfaces of the protective bodies 51 and 43. The stored image (hereinafter referred to as the initial image of the comprehensive measurement area AA) is stored in the storage means 82. It should be noted that the initial image of the comprehensive measurement area AA may be taken at any stage as long as cutting powder, cutting fluid, or the like is not attached to the surfaces of the protective bodies 51 and 43. When the machining amount by the cutting tool T before use reaches the set value, the flowchart of the first embodiment or the second embodiment shown in FIG. 15 or 16 is executed.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 15, in step 1, the control device 80 opens the shutters 31a and 31b of the entrances 2a and 2b of the partition wall 2c, and opens the reference mark part 40a of the reference mark rod 40 and the camera part 50a of the camera rod 50 to the entrance 2a. , 2b to project to the processing zone 4 side and re-index to the inspection position. At the same time, the turret device 20 is moved so that the tip C of the cutting tool T mounted on the turret tool post 21 is re-indexed to the inspection position above the gauge 41 of the reference mark rod 40. At this time, the distance from the reference mark portion 40a (gauge 41) to the inspection position of the chip is set to be extremely smaller than the distance from the reference mark portion 40a (gauge 41) to the camera portion 50a (camera 54). Therefore, even if the camera unit 50a (camera 54) is displaced in the horizontal direction (Z-axis direction), the displacement can be ignored in the inspection.

  In steps 2 and 3, air is jetted from the air jet nozzles 44 and 55 of the reference mark rod 40 and the camera rod 50 toward the surface of the protective bodies 51 and 43 for a predetermined time to clean the surfaces of the protective bodies 43 and 51. At this time, air may be jetted from only one of the air jet nozzles 44 and 55. If it is determined in steps 3 and 4 that air has been jetted for a predetermined time, the jetting of air is stopped. In step 5, the light emitting body 42 of the reference mark part 40a is caused to emit light, and the chip C of the cutting tool T is imaged by the camera 54 of the camera part 50a, and the image is processed as a first processed image (cutting tool at the time of re-indexing). As a re-captured image) and stored in the storage means 82. In other words, the light emitted from the light emitter 42 of the reference mark portion 40a passes through the gauge 41 and the protective body 43 and is irradiated to the camera portion 50a, and the light transmitted through the protective body 51 of the camera portion 50a is reflected by the reflection mirror 52. Since it is reflected by 90 degrees and condensed by the lens 53 and reaches the camera 54, the tip of the cutting tool can be imaged in the same field of view together with the reference mark M written on the gauge 41. Note that the image from the reflection mirror 52 is reversed left and right, but is restored to the original state by software processing.

  In step 6, the turret device 20 is moved until the tip C of the cutting tool T is detached from the total measurement area AA of the gauge 41. In step 7, the total measurement area AA in the state where the tip C of the cutting tool T is detached is taken from the camera. The image captured by 54 is used as a second processed image (measurement area recaptured image), and whether or not the second processed image matches with the initial image of the total measurement area AA stored in the storage unit 82. judge. When the second processed image matches the initial image in the comprehensive measurement area AA, the process proceeds to step 13 described later.

  When the second processed image does not coincide with the initial image of the total measurement area AA in step 7, air is directed from the reference mark rod 40 and the air injection nozzles 44 and 55 of the camera rod 50 to the surfaces of the protective bodies 51 and 43 in step 8. The surface of the protective bodies 43 and 51 is cleaned by spraying. At this time, air may be jetted from only one of the air jet nozzles 44 and 55. At the same time, the reference mark portion 40a of the reference mark rod 40 and the camera portion 50a of the camera rod 50 are drawn from the entrances 2a and 2b toward the isolation zone 3 and positioned at the retracted position. At this time, the surface of the protective body 43 and the protective body 51 are covered by the reference mark brush 61 and the camera brush 62 which are attached so that the hair ends are in sliding contact with the upper side surface of the reference mark rod 40 and the lower side surface of the camera rod 50. The surface of is automatically cleaned. It should be noted that automatic cleaning may be performed with only one of the reference mark brush 61 and the camera brush 62.

  In step 9, the reference mark portion 40a of the reference mark rod 40 and the camera portion 50a of the camera rod 50 are protruded from the entrances 2a and 2b to the processing zone 4 side and again indexed to the inspection position. In step 10, automatic cleaning is performed. An image obtained by capturing the subsequent comprehensive measurement area AA with the camera 54 is defined as a third processed image (an image obtained by re-acquisition of the measurement area after automatic cleaning), and the third processed image is stored in the storage unit 82. It is determined whether or not they match with the initial image. When the two images do not match, it is determined that it is impossible to remove cutting powder and the like from the total measurement area AA by air injection and automatic cleaning. Then, in step 11, a message for instructing to manually clean the surfaces of the protective bodies 43, 51 is displayed, a warning lamp and a warning buzzer are turned on, and the total measurement area AA after returning to step 10 and manually cleaning is displayed. The image captured by the camera 54 is set as a fourth processed image, and it is determined again whether or not the fourth processed image matches the initial image of the total measurement area AA stored in the storage unit 82.

  In step 10, when both images substantially coincide with each other, in step 12, the tip C of the cutting tool T is re-indexed at the inspection position and picked up by the camera 54, and the image is taken as the fifth processed image (re-indexed again). The image is taken in as a re-take-in image of the cutting tool at the time) and stored in the storage means 82. In step 13, the first processed image or the fifth processed image stored in the storage unit 82 as described above is processed to calculate the wear amount of the tip of the chip C. In step 14, the turret device 20 is moved so that the tip C of the cutting tool T is positioned at the cutting start position, and the reference mark portion 40a of the reference mark rod 40 and the camera portion 50a of the camera rod 50 are moved to the entrance 2a. , 2b to the isolation zone 3 side and positioned at the retracted position, and all the processes are completed.

  Thus, after re-indexing the tip C of the cutting tool T to the inspection position, gas is sprayed onto the surface of the protective bodies 51 and 43, and the tip C of the cutting tool T at the time of re-indexing is imaged by the camera 54. Then, after the first processed image is captured, the tip C of the cutting tool T is detached from the total measurement area AA, and the second processed image is captured again. Then, by determining whether or not the second processed image substantially matches the initial image of the total measurement area AA stored in the storage unit 82, cutting powder is applied to the surface of the protective body 43 and the surface of the protective body 51. Since the image processing is performed after confirming that no cutting fluid is attached, the wear amount at the tip of the tip C can be accurately obtained without being affected by the attached cutting powder or cutting fluid. Further, since the image of the tip C of the cutting tool T at the inspection position at the time of re-indexing is directly taken by injecting gas onto the surfaces of the protective bodies 51 and 43, the second processed image is the initial value of the comprehensive measurement area AA. When the image substantially matches the image, it is not necessary to re-import the image of the tip C of the cutting tool T, and normal image processing can be performed directly, so the inspection time of the tip C of the cutting tool T is greatly reduced. In addition, the workpiece W can be cut with high accuracy.

  When the second processed image does not substantially coincide with the initial image of the comprehensive measurement area AA, the reference mark brush 61 is sprayed again on the surfaces of the protective bodies 51 and 43 and further arranged at the entrances 2a and 2b. In addition, since the surfaces of the protective bodies 51 and 43 are automatically cleaned by the camera brush 62, the cutting powder and the cutting fluid that are missed from the surfaces of the protective bodies 51 and 43 can be removed by the first gas spraying. it can. Then, by taking the third processed image and determining whether or not the image substantially coincides with the initial image of the total measurement area AA, the surface of the protective body 43 and the surface of the protective body 51 are subjected to cutting powder or cutting. Since image processing is performed after confirming that no liquid is attached, the wear amount at the tip of the chip C can be accurately obtained without being affected by the attached cutting powder or cutting liquid. Further, if the third processed image does not substantially coincide with the initial image of the total measurement area AA even if air is sprayed or automatically cleaned, the cutting powder or cutting liquid adhering to the surfaces of the protective bodies 43 and 51 is removed from the air. Since it is judged that it cannot be removed by spraying and automatic cleaning, the surface of the protective bodies 43 and 51 is instructed to be manually cleaned, so that the cutting powder and the cutting fluid can be reliably removed. The amount of wear at the tip can be determined accurately without being affected by the cutting powder or cutting fluid adhering to it.

  In the flowchart shown in FIG. 16, in step 21, the control device 80 injects air from the air injection nozzle 25 of the turret device 20 toward the surface of the chip C of the cutting tool T for a predetermined time to clean the surface of the chip C. . If it is determined in steps 22 and 23 that air has been injected for a predetermined time, the injection of air is stopped. In step 24, the shutters 31a and 31b of the entrances 2a and 2b of the partition wall 2c are opened, and the reference mark part 40a of the reference mark rod 40 and the camera part 50a of the camera rod 50 are projected from the entrances 2a and 2b to the processing zone 4 side. And re-index to the inspection position. At the same time, the turret device 20 is moved so that the tip C of the cutting tool T mounted on the turret tool post 21 is re-indexed to the inspection position above the gauge 41 of the reference mark rod 40. The subsequent steps 5 to 14 are the same as those in the first embodiment described with reference to FIG. In this example, air is blown onto the surface of the tip C of the cutting tool T to remove cutting powder and cutting fluid, and then an image of the cutting tool T at the inspection position at the time of re-indexing is captured. It is possible to prevent the cutting powder and the cutting fluid adhering to the liquid from falling on the gauge 41.

  The same processing can be performed without executing the operation of step 6 described above, that is, the operation of moving the turret device 20 until the tip C of the cutting tool T is detached from the total measurement area AA of the gauge 41. The description will be given with reference. When the cutting tool T before use is mounted on the turret tool post 21, the control device 80 sets the reference mark portion 40a of the reference mark rod 40, the camera portion 50a of the camera rod 50, and the cutting tool T before use at the inspection position. An initial image of the total measurement area AA shown in FIG. 18A in which the initial index is obtained and the chip C of the reference mark M and the cutting tool T is imaged by the camera 54 with the same field of view is stored in the storage unit 82. When the machining amount by the cutting tool T reaches the set value, the flowchart of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 17 is executed.

  In the flowchart of FIG. 17, the operations in steps 1 to 9 (except for step 6) are the same as those in the first embodiment described in FIG. However, an image obtained by capturing the cutting tool T at the time of re-indexing in Step 7 with the camera 54 and capturing the image as the first processed image (re-acquired image of the measurement area) is stored in the storage unit 82. The determination as to whether or not they match the initial image in the measurement area AA is processed as follows. For example, when the initial image of the total measurement area AA shown in FIG. 18A does not coincide with the first processed image shown in FIG. 18B, that is, the linear image h1 is formed by the image subtraction process. When it is obtained, it is determined that the cutting powder is attached to the gauge 41 or the camera 54, and when it does not match as shown in the first processed image shown in FIG. 18C, that is, by subtracting the image. When the dot-like image h2 is obtained, it is determined that the cutting fluid is attached to the gauge 41 or the camera 54.

  In step 9, when the reference mark portion 40a and the camera portion 50a are re-determined at the inspection position, in step 31, the chip C of the cutting tool T is imaged by the camera 54, and the image is taken as the second processed image (re-recovered measurement area). Captured image) and stored in the storage means 82. In step 32, it is determined whether or not the second processed image matches the initial image of the total measurement area AA. If the images do not match, it is determined that the tip C of the cutting tool T is broken, and a message instructing replacement of the cutting tool T is displayed or a warning lamp or warning buzzer is turned on in step 33. . Then, returning to step 31, the cutting tool T indexed again after tool replacement is imaged by the camera 54, the image is taken as a third processed image, and stored in the storage means 82. In step 32, it is determined whether or not the third processed image matches the initial image of the total measurement area AA. When the second processed image or the third processed image matches the initial image in the comprehensive measurement area AA, the process proceeds to step 13. Subsequent operations in steps 13 and 14 are the same as those in the first embodiment described with reference to FIG.

  By such processing, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to detach the cutting tool T at the time of re-indexing from the total measurement area AA, the inspection time of the cutting tool T can be greatly shortened. If the second processed image does not substantially coincide with the initial image in the total measurement area AA even if air is sprayed or automatically cleaned, cutting powder or cutting fluid is not attached to the gauge 41 or the camera 54. Therefore, since it is possible to instruct the tool replacement by determining that the chip C of the cutting tool T is broken, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of machining defects.

In the above-described embodiment, the plurality of reference marks M are formed on the gauge 41. However, for example, a triple concentric reference mark m may be formed at the center of the gauge 41 as shown in FIG. good. As described above, since the reference mark m is formed as large as possible, it is possible to reduce the situation where the image processing is impossible due to being hidden by the chip. Further, since the gaps between the concentric circles are formed, it is possible to reduce the obstruction of the camera view. Further, although the image of the reference mark M and the image of the chip C are captured at once, the image of the reference mark M or the reference mark m and the image of the chip C may be captured separately.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the cutting tool inspection system 30 is applied to a lathe having a configuration in which the X-axis direction is inclined backward by 60 degrees with respect to the vertical direction has been described. However, the X-axis direction faces the vertical direction. A lathe having a configuration can be similarly applied. Further, it can be applied to, for example, a milling machine other than a lathe. In this case, the cutting tool inspection system 30 is attached so as to be movable in the vertical direction on a work slide or jig body to which a workpiece is attached. Then, the partition wall is provided horizontally, the lower part of the partition wall is set as an isolation zone, and the upper part of the partition wall is set as a processing zone.

  In the above-described embodiment, a general lens is used as the lens 53 provided in the camera rod 50, but a telecentric lens may be used. According to this telecentric lens, the influence of the distance (X-axis direction) from the reference mark portion 40a (gauge 41) to the camera portion 50a (camera 54) can be eliminated, and the horizontal displacement of the camera portion 50a (camera 54) can be eliminated. The influence of (Z-axis direction) can be eliminated.

  In the above-described embodiment, the brush for cleaning the surface of the protective body 43 of the reference mark rod 40 and the surface of the protective body 51 of the camera rod 50 is provided. However, a brush formed in a scraper shape is provided. May be. The reference mark brush 61 and the camera brush 62 are arranged so as to clean the side surface of the reference mark rod 40 on the protective body 43 side and the side surface of the camera rod 50 on the protective body 51 side. You may arrange | position, for example in four places so that all the side surfaces and all the side surfaces of the camera rod 50 can be cleaned.

  Further, although the reference mark brush 61, the camera brush 62, and the water jet nozzle 63 are fixedly disposed on the partition wall 2c, a configuration as shown in FIG. 20 may be used. That is, the reference mark water jet nozzle 71 includes a reference mark brush 72 at the right end, the left end is rotatably attached to the headstock 10, and a spring 73 that biases toward the reference mark rod 40 side at a substantially central portion. Installed configuration. The water jet nozzle for camera 74 has a camera brush 75 at the right end, the left end is rotatably attached to the headstock 10, and a spring 76 that is biased toward the camera rod 50 is attached to the substantially central portion. To do. Even with such a configuration, the surface of the protective body 43 and the surface of the protective body 51 are automatically cleaned each time the reference mark rod 40 and the camera rod 50 move between the isolation zone 3 and the processing zone 4. Can do.

  In the above-described embodiment, the reference mark rod 40 and the camera rod 50 are arranged side by side in the X-axis direction. However, by further arranging a pair of the reference mark rod 40 and the camera rod 50 in the X-axis direction, It becomes possible to inspect the tip of the cutting tool in three dimensions. Further, in the case of a lathe equipped with a turret device that can also move in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, the turret device 20 is rotated 90 degrees after inspecting one direction of the cutting tool tip. After or simultaneously with the movement in the Y-axis direction, it is possible to inspect in three dimensions by inspecting the cutting tool tip in a direction rotated 90 degrees from the previous one direction. In the case of a milling machine, the tool can be rotated, so that it can be inspected in three dimensions.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Main body, 2 ... Partition, 3 ... Isolation zone, 4 ... Processing zone, 10 ... Headstock, 20 ... Turret apparatus, 25 ... Air injection nozzle, 30 ... Cutting tool inspection system, 31a, 31b ... Shutter, 33 ... Drive 40, fiducial mark rod, 40a, fiducial mark portion, 41 ... gauge, 42 ... luminous body, 43 ... protective body, 44 ... air injection nozzle, 50 ... camera rod, 50a ... camera portion, 51 ... protective body, 52 ... Reflection mirror, 53 ... Lens, 54 ... Camera, 55 ... Air injection nozzle, 61,72 ... Reference mark brush, 62,75 ... Camera brush, 63 ... Water injection nozzle, 71 ... Reference mark water injection nozzle, 74 ... Water injection nozzle for camera, 80 ... Control device, 81 ... Calculation means, 82 ... Storage means, M, m ... Reference mark, C ... Chip.

Claims (7)

In a cutting tool inspection system that is provided in a machine tool and images a cutting tool that processes a workpiece and inspects the state of the cutting tool,
When the cutting tool is first positioned at the inspection position, the first position and the first tip position of the cutting tool are stored, and when the cutting tool is second positioned at the inspection position, the cutting tool is stored. The second position and the second tip position are stored, and the cutting is performed based on a difference between the first tip position and the second tip position and a displacement amount between the first position and the second position. A cutting tool inspection system comprising a control device for determining the wear amount of a tool. In a cutting tool inspection system that is provided in a machine tool and images a cutting tool that processes a workpiece and inspects the state of the cutting tool,
When the cutting tool is first positioned at the inspection position, the first position and the first tip position of the cutting tool are stored, and the second position of the cutting tool coincides with the displayed first position. As described above, when the cutting tool is second positioned at the inspection position, a second tip position of the cutting tool is obtained, and the cutting is performed based on a difference between the second tip position and the first tip position. A cutting tool inspection system comprising a control device for determining the wear amount of a tool. In claim 1 or 2,
The control device captures the reference position as a reference for obtaining the contour position of the cutting tool and the cutting tool in the same field of view, processes the image, and the cutting tool in the reference position coordinate system based on the reference position. A cutting tool inspection system, wherein the first and second positions and the first and second tip positions are stored in a storage means. In any one of Claims 1-3,
A reference position device having the reference position;
An imaging device having imaging means for imaging the reference position and the cutting tool at the inspection position;
The said control apparatus positions the said reference position apparatus, the said imaging device, and the said cutting tool in the said test | inspection position, The cutting tool inspection system characterized by the above-mentioned. In any one of Claims 1-4,
The said control apparatus calculates | requires the displacement amount of the said cutting tool which is a difference of the said 1st position and the said 2nd position, The cutting tool inspection system characterized by the above-mentioned. In a cutting tool inspection system that is provided in a machine tool and images a cutting tool that processes a workpiece and inspects the state of the cutting tool,
It has a plurality of reference points spaced by an arbitrary distance in the moving direction of the cutting tool mounting portion with respect to the workpiece, and positions the plurality of reference points at the inspection position to measure the position of each reference point; A cutting tool inspection system characterized by proportionally allocating the measured difference in position of each reference point by the separation distance of each reference point and reflecting it in the movement of the cutting tool. In claim 6,
The cutting tool inspection system, wherein the plurality of reference points are formed on a reference point member provided in the mounting portion.

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