JP2010159007A - Air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioner for a vehicle, capable of rapidly raising the temperature of engine cooling water when heating the inside of a cabin using the engine cooling water at an engine start initial time when an outside air temperature is low, in a simple constitution. <P>SOLUTION: In the air conditioner, a heat exchange means for water includes a heat exchanger 26 for water to circulate the engine cooling water between a water jacket and a heater core 8a. The heat exchanger 26 is interposed between second and third external heat exchangers 18 and 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner that is provided so that a vehicle interior can be heated using engine cooling water.

  In general, a vehicle air conditioner generally includes a vehicle air conditioner provided with a heating device using engine cooling water and a cooling device using a refrigerant refrigeration cycle.

  In this heating device, when the vehicle interior is heated, the engine coolant is circulated between the water jacket of the engine and the heater core (vehicle interior heat exchanger) for air conditioning the vehicle interior, and the air in the vehicle interior is passed through the heater core. There is known a system in which the vehicle interior is provided so as to be heated by being blown into the vehicle interior from an air outlet and warming this air with engine coolant flowing in the heater core.

  When heating the vehicle interior in the winter by using such a vehicle air conditioner, the temperature of the air blown into the vehicle interior is low until the coolant temperature of the engine coolant is sufficiently raised, which is not comfortable for the passengers. .

  As a method of solving this, the cooling device is operated at the initial stage of engine startup when the outside air temperature is low, and the engine cooling water is heated using the heat of the compressed refrigerant compressed by the compressor of the cooling device, A cooling water type heating method is known in which heated engine cooling water is supplied to a heater core to warm air in the passenger compartment with the heater core (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  As another solution, the air conditioner is operated at the initial stage of engine start when the outside air temperature is low, and the air in the passenger compartment is directly heated by the heat of the compressed refrigerant compressed by the compressor of the air conditioner. A heat pump heating method can be considered. In the following description, a heat pump heating method using a cooling device is used as a heat pump operation of the cooling device.

  In this heat pump operation method, when the air in the passenger compartment is heated by the heat of the compressed refrigerant compressed by the compressor, heat is taken away from the compressed refrigerant and the compressed refrigerant is condensed to become a high-pressure condensed refrigerant. Therefore, in order to compress the refrigerant again with the compressor, the condensed refrigerant is expanded by the expansion means or the decompression means to make the low-pressure condensed refrigerant, and then the low-pressure condensed refrigerant is absorbed by the heat exchanger. It is necessary to gasify into refrigerant gas.

  When heat is absorbed by the low-pressure condensing refrigerant with this heat exchanger, the temperature of the air around the heat exchanger is deprived of heat, and the temperature of the air around the heat exchanger decreases. Therefore, in order not to affect the heating in the passenger compartment when the low pressure condensed refrigerant is converted into the refrigerant gas by the heat exchanger, an external heat exchanger disposed outside the passenger compartment is used as the heat exchanger. There is a need. For this reason, in the method of operating the cooling device as a heat pump, it is necessary to increase the amount of heating of the air in the passenger compartment by the heat of the compressed refrigerant as the outside air temperature decreases.

JP-A-8-310227

  However, in the cooling water type heating method, a plurality of heat exchangers, a large number of check valves, a large number of electromagnetic valves, etc. are used for the vehicle in order to comfortably perform the vehicle interior heating at the initial stage of engine startup when the outside air temperature is low. It is necessary to use it for an air conditioner (air conditioner system), and the structure of the vehicle air conditioner is likely to increase the number of parts and increase the weight, which inevitably increases the product cost. Moreover, the increase in the number of parts is not preferable because the structure of the vehicle air conditioner is complicated and enlarged, and the amount of refrigerant used in the vehicle air conditioner is increased. In addition, since the structure of the vehicle air conditioner increases in size, it may be difficult to install a heat exchanger.

  In the heat pump operation of the cooling device, the amount of heat absorbed by the refrigerant decreases as the outside air temperature decreases because the external heat exchanger is used to absorb heat from the outside air to the compressed refrigerant. For this reason, in the method of operating the cooling device with a heat pump, the heating capacity tends to decrease as the outside air temperature decreases.

  Moreover, in this method of operating the cooling device with a heat pump, the low-pressure condensing refrigerant absorbs heat from the outside air by the external heat exchanger, so depending on the outside air temperature (in other words, the evaporation temperature of the low-pressure condensing refrigerant), the moisture contained in the air is externally heated. It is inevitable that condensation and frost formation on the exchanger will hinder the heat exchange function of the external heat exchanger, and countermeasures are required.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a vehicle capable of rapidly increasing the temperature of the engine cooling water with a simple structure when heating the vehicle interior using the engine cooling water at the initial stage of engine startup when the outside air temperature is low. The purpose is to provide an air conditioning system for a vehicle.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a refrigerant that is driven by an engine, a first external heat exchanger for condensing refrigerant outside the passenger compartment, first expansion means or decompression means, and air cooling in the passenger compartment. And a cooling refrigerant circulation circuit for circulating the liquid refrigerant evaporation internal heat exchanger in order, a heating cooling water circulation circuit for circulating engine cooling water between a water jacket of the engine and a heater core in the vehicle interior, Any of the first external heat exchanger and the bypass flow path is connected to the compressor in parallel with the external heat exchanger and the internal heat exchanger, and the refrigerant discharge port of the compressor An electromagnetic switching valve for switching communication, water heat exchange means interposed between the water jacket and the heater core in the middle of the flow path, and the water heat exchange means provided in the middle of the bypass flow path When A water heating heat exchanging means having a refrigerant heat exchanging means for transferring heat between them, a water temperature detection sensor for detecting the temperature of the engine cooling water and outputting a temperature signal, and the engine cooling at the time of driving the engine Control means for operating the compressor when the temperature of the water is equal to or lower than a predetermined value and controlling the operation of the electromagnetic switching valve to connect the refrigerant discharge port of the compressor to the bypass flow path. The heat exchange means includes a second external heat exchanger for refrigerant condensation provided in the middle of the bypass flow path, and a second expansion means for expanding the refrigerant condensed in the second external heat exchanger. Or a vehicle air conditioner comprising: a decompression unit; and a third external heat exchanger that absorbs heat from the liquid refrigerant expanded by the second expansion unit or the decompression unit and evaporates the liquid refrigerant. The heat exchange means is A water heat exchanger for flowing engine cooling water flowing between the ota jacket and the war heater core is provided, and the water heat exchanger is interposed between the second and third external heat exchangers. It is characterized by having an air conditioner.

  According to this configuration, the temperature of the engine cooling water can be rapidly increased when the vehicle interior is heated using the engine cooling water in the early stage of engine startup when the outside air temperature is low.

  Moreover, in the refrigeration cycle for heating the cooling water of the engine, the engine cooling water can be heated using the heat of the second external heat exchanger for the refrigerant, and the heat of the second external heat exchanger for the refrigerant can be used. Utilizing this, the third external heat exchanger for refrigerant can be heated to promote evaporation of the low-pressure liquid refrigerant.

  Further, since the water heat exchanger and the second and third external heat exchangers for the refrigerant are provided integrally, they can be formed in a small size.

1 is a schematic piping diagram of a vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the air conditioning unit arrange | positioned in a vehicle interior among the vehicle air conditioners of FIG. It is a control circuit diagram of the vehicle air conditioner of FIG. It is a schematic piping diagram which shows the modification of the vehicle air conditioner of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Constitution]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a vehicle (automobile) compartment, 2 denotes an engine room of the vehicle, and 3 denotes a water-cooled engine disposed in the engine room 2. The engine 3 is provided with a known water jacket (not shown) for flowing engine cooling water for engine cooling.

An air conditioning unit 5 of a vehicle air conditioner (vehicle air conditioning system) 4 is disposed in an instrument panel (not shown) provided in the front portion of the vehicle compartment 1.
<Air conditioning unit 5>
As shown in FIG. 2, the air conditioning unit 5 includes a blower unit 6, a cooler unit 7, and a heater unit 8. A series of air passages 5 a through which air blown from the blower unit 6 flows is formed in the cooler unit 7 and the heater unit 8 of the air conditioning unit 5.

  The blower unit 6 has a blower (blower fan) 6a and an intake unit 6b. The intake unit 6b has an outside air inlet 6b1 and an inside air inlet 6b2, and an intake door 6c for opening and closing the outside air inlet 6b1 and the inside air inlet 6b2. The intake door 6c is driven (rotated) by a door driving device (door driving means) 6c1 such as a motor to adjust the opening / closing or opening of the outside air intake 6b1 and the inside air intake 6b2, and the outside air outside the vehicle compartment. The flow rate suction amount between the vehicle interior air and the inside air in the passenger compartment is adjustable.

  The outside air taken in from the outside air inlet 6b1 or the inside air taken in from the inside air inlet 6b2 or the mixed air of outside air and inside air taken in from the outside air inlet 6b1 and the inside air inlet 6b2 is blower (air blower). Fan) 6a blows air to cooler unit 7.

  The cooler unit 7 is provided with an evaporator (an internal heat exchanger for air cooling, an internal evaporator) 7a in which a cooling refrigerant circulates. The intake air blown by the blower unit 6 can be cooled by heat exchange when the evaporator 7a passes through an air passage (not shown) of the evaporator 7a. The air that has passed through the evaporator 7 a is sent to the heater unit 8.

  An air path adjusting door 7b for opening and closing the lower portion of the air path 5a is provided on the upstream side of the evaporator 7a (that is, between the blower 6a and the evaporator 7a). The air path adjusting door 7b is driven (turned) by a driving device (driving means) 7b1 such as a motor.

  In the heater unit 8, a heater core (internal heat exchanger for air heating) 8a through which engine coolant is circulated is provided. Further, a bypass air passage 8b that bypasses the heater core 8a is provided at a side portion (lower portion in the figure) of the heater core 8a, and a mix door 8c is provided at the front surface of the heater core 8a. The mix door 8c is driven (rotated) by a door drive device (door drive means) 8c1 such as a motor to adjust the opening degree of an air passage (air air passage) (not shown) on the upstream side of the heater core 8a. By doing so, the ratio between the amount of air flowing through the air passage of the heater core 8a and the amount of air flowing through the bypass air passage 8b can be adjusted.

A mixing chamber 8d is formed downstream of the heater core 8a, and the mixing chamber 8d is provided with an outlet 8e that communicates with the defrost grill, the vent grill, and the foot grill.
<Refrigerant circulation circuit>
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle air conditioner 4 includes a refrigerant circulation circuit 9 and a heating coolant circulation circuit 10. The refrigerant circulation circuit 9 includes a cooling refrigerant circulation circuit (first refrigerant instantaneous circuit) 9a that performs a refrigeration cycle for cooling (that is, a cooling cycle), and a bypass refrigerant circulation circuit that performs a refrigeration cycle for heating cooling water ( (Second refrigerant circulation circuit, cooling water heating circulation circuit) 9b.
(Cooling refrigerant circulation circuit 9a for cooling)
The cooling refrigerant circulation circuit 9a for cooling includes an engine driven compressor 11, a first cooling refrigerant pipe 11a having one end connected to a refrigerant outlet (refrigerant outlet side) of the compressor 11 (not shown), 1 has a first external heat exchanger 12 for condensing refrigerant, which is connected to the other end of one cooling refrigerant pipe 11a and disposed outside the passenger compartment 1.

  The cooling refrigerant circulation circuit 9 a includes a liquid tank 13 having a refrigerant inlet (not shown) connected to a refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the first external heat exchanger 12, and one end having a refrigerant outlet of the liquid tank 13. A second cooling refrigerant pipe 13a connected to (not shown), and a first expansion means or decompression means 14 with a refrigerant inlet (not shown) connected to the other end of the second cooling refrigerant pipe 13a. And the above-described air cooling evaporator (internal heat exchanger) 7a to which the refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the first expansion means or decompression means 14 is connected. The expansion means applied to this cooling refrigerant circulation circuit is, for example, an expansion valve, and the decompression means is, for example, an orifice that restricts the flow path of the cooling refrigerant pipe 11a.

  This first means or pressure reducing means 14 senses (detects) the refrigerant temperature and refrigerant pressure discharged (outflowed) from the refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the evaporator 7a, and detects the refrigerant inlet (not shown) of the evaporator 7a. The flow rate of the liquid refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant is adjusted so as to become the refrigerant flow rate suitable for the load, that is, the refrigerant temperature discharged (outflowed) from the refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the evaporator 7a ) The flow rate of the liquid refrigerant flowing into the refrigerant inlet (not shown) of the evaporator 7a is adjusted so as to become heated steam of temperature and pressure. Since a well-known configuration can be adopted for this configuration, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Further, the cooling refrigerant circulation circuit 9a has a third cooling refrigerant pipe 7a1 having one end connected to a refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the evaporator 7a, and a refrigerant inlet (not shown) at the other end of the third cooling refrigerant pipe 7a1. And a fourth cooling refrigerant pipe having one end connected to a refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the first one-way valve 15. 15a and an accumulator 16 for gas-liquid separation that connects the fourth cooling refrigerant pipe 15a and a refrigerant inlet (not shown) of the compressor 11 and the like.

  The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 includes the first cooling refrigerant pipe 11a, the first external heat exchanger 12, the liquid tank 13, the second cooling refrigerant pipe 13a, the first means or the decompression means 14, After flowing through the evaporator 7a, the third cooling refrigerant pipe 7a1, the first one-way valve 15, the fourth cooling refrigerant pipe 15a, and the accumulator 16, the first refrigeration cycle is returned to the compressor 11 and circulated. It can be repeated.

At this time, the compressor 11 compresses the refrigerant gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure compressed refrigerant (compressed refrigerant gas), and the first external heat exchanger 12 radiates the heat of the compressed refrigerant to the outside air to cool the compressed refrigerant. The liquid tank 13 stores the liquid refrigerant, and the first expansion means or the decompression means 14 expands the high-pressure liquid refrigerant from the liquid tank 13 to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant (condensed refrigerant, refrigerant liquid). It is designed to be a liquid refrigerant (condensed refrigerant). When the liquid refrigerant from the first expansion means or decompression means 14 is supplied into the evaporator 7a to absorb (suck) the heat of the air in the air passage 5a and cool the air in the air passage 5a, It is evaporated into refrigerant gas. The refrigerant gas is returned to the compressor 11 via the third cooling refrigerant pipe 7a1, the first one-way valve 15, the fourth cooling refrigerant pipe 15a, and the accumulator 16.
(Bypass refrigerant circulation circuit 9b for heating cooling water)
The bypass refrigerant circulation circuit 9b includes a compressor 11, a three-way electromagnetic switching valve (electromagnetic valve) 17 interposed in the middle of the first cooling refrigerant pipe 11a, and one end connected to the three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17. Bypass refrigerant pipe 17a and a second refrigerant condenser (for cooling water heating) that is disposed outside the passenger compartment 1 and has a refrigerant inlet (not shown) connected to the other end of the first bypass refrigerant pipe 17a. And a second expansion means or decompression means 19 outside the passenger compartment 1 connected to the refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the second external heat exchanger 18.

  Further, the bypass refrigerant circulation circuit 9b is provided with a third external heat exchanger (second evaporator or external evaporator) 20 for evaporating the refrigerant to which the refrigerant expanded by the second expansion means or the decompression means 19 is supplied. A second bypass refrigerant pipe 20a having one end connected to a refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the third external heat exchanger 20, and the other end of the second bypass refrigerant pipe 20a and the first one direction. The accumulator 16 includes a second one-way valve 21 that connects the middle of a fourth refrigerant pipe 15 a connected to a refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the valve 15.

  The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 includes a three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17, a first bypass refrigerant pipe 17a, a second external heat exchanger 18, a second expansion means or decompression means 19, and a third external heat. After flowing through the exchanger 20, the second bypass refrigerant pipe 20a, the second one-way valve 21, and the accumulator 16, the second refrigeration cycle that returns to the compressor 11 and circulates can be repeated. ing.

The first and second bypass refrigerant pipes 17a and 20a communicate with (connect to) the compressor 11 in parallel with the first external heat exchanger 12 and the evaporator 7a (internal heat exchanger). A bypass passage (not shown) is formed, and refrigerant heat exchange means 23 including second and third external heat exchangers 18 and 20 is disposed (interposed) in the middle of the bypass passage. Yes.
<Cooling water circulation circuit 10 for heating>
The heating cooling water circulation circuit 10 is discharged from a cooling water outlet (not shown) of a water jacket (not shown) by a flow path in a water jacket (not shown) of the engine 3 and a water pump (not shown). A cooling water circulation passage 24 is provided to return the cooling water to the passage in the water jacket after flowing the cooling water to the heater core 8a.

  The cooling water circulation passage 24 is connected to (in communication with) a cooling water outlet (not shown) of a water jacket (not shown) of the engine 3 and a cooling water inlet (not shown) of the heater core 8a. Cooling water flow path 24a, a first cooling water outlet (not shown) connecting a cooling water inlet (not shown) of heater core 8a, and a cooling water inlet (not shown) of a water jacket (not shown) of engine 3. 2), the second cooling water flow path 24b is connected (communicated).

  In addition, a water heat exchanger 26 is interposed in the middle of the first cooling water passage 24a as water heat exchange means.

  The water heat exchanger 26 is interposed between the second and third external heat exchangers 18 and 20 for the refrigerant and is provided integrally therewith. Heat can be exchanged with the three external heat exchangers 18 and 20. As a result of this heat transfer, the engine coolant in the water heat exchanger 26 is heated by the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure compressed refrigerant supplied from the compressor 11 to the second external heat exchanger 18. The high-pressure refrigerant in the form of heat is absorbed in the second external heat exchanger 18 to be condensed and condensed to become a liquid refrigerant. On the other hand, the low-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing into the third external heat exchanger 20 from the second expansion means or decompression means 19 is heated by the engine cooling water in the water heat exchanger 26, and by this heating, The liquid refrigerant evaporates in the third external heat exchanger 20 to become refrigerant gas.

The water heat exchanger 26, the second and third external heat exchangers 18 and 20 for the refrigerant, etc. constitute a heat exchange means 28 for heating the cooling water.
<Control unit (control means)>
The above-described blower 6a, compressor 11, three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17 and the like of the air conditioning unit 5 are controlled by a control unit (control means such as an arithmetic control circuit) 29 of FIG. 3 such as an auto amplifier that controls each part of the vehicle. It is like that.

  A water temperature detection sensor (water temperature detection means) 30 of a signal communication system (not shown) that detects the cooling water temperature and outputs a detection signal as a water temperature signal (temperature signal) is provided in the middle of the first cooling water flow path 24a. It has been. A detection signal from the water temperature detection sensor 30 is input to the control unit 29. Further, an operation signal (ON / OFF signal) from the cooling switch 31 and an operation signal (ON / OFF signal) from the heating switch 32 are input to the control unit 29.

  The water temperature detection sensor 30 is provided in at least one of the engine water jacket or the cooling water circulation passage 24 and is input to the control unit 29 via the signal communication system.

  Furthermore, the heating switch 32 may be either automatically operated by the control unit 29 or manually operated by the passenger.

The control unit 29 may be an outside air temperature detecting means (not shown) or a pulley rotation speed detecting means (not shown) of the compressor 11.
[Action]
Next, the operation of the vehicle air conditioner having such a configuration will be described.
(1). Normal cooling operation When the ON signal from the cooling switch 31 is input to the control unit 29 after the engine 3 is started, the control unit 29 starts control of normal cooling operation.

  At this time, the control unit 29 controls the operation of the three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17 so that the refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the compressor 11 communicates with the first bypass refrigerant pipe 17a by the three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17. While blocking | blocking, the refrigerant | coolant outlet (not shown) of the compressor 11 and the refrigerant | coolant inlet (not shown) of the 1st external heat exchanger 12 are connected.

  Thereafter, the control unit 29 controls the operation of the door drive device (door drive means) 8c1 of the heater unit 8 to close the upstream side of the air passage (not shown) of the heater core 8a by the mix door 8c. The door drive means 6c1 of the intake unit 6b is controlled to close the outside air inlet 6b1 of the intake unit 6b and open the inside air inlet 6b2.

  Along with this, the control unit 29 operates the blower 6a to suck the air in the passenger compartment 1 from the inside air intake 6b2. The sucked air flows through the air passage 5a, passes through an air passage (air air passage) (not shown) of the evaporator 7a, and then passes through the bypass air passage 8b and the mixing chamber 8d of the heater unit 8. It is blown into the passenger compartment 1 from 8e.

  On the other hand, the control unit 29 controls the operation of the compressor 11 to start compression of the gaseous refrigerant (refrigerant gas), and discharges the high-temperature and high-pressure compressed refrigerant to the first cooling refrigerant pipe 11a. The compressed refrigerant is supplied to the first external heat exchanger 12 via the three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17, cooled by the first external heat exchanger 12, condensed and condensed, and liquid refrigerant (refrigerant liquid). Become. The condensed refrigerant is stored in the liquid tank 13, and then supplied to the first expansion means or the decompression means 14 via the second cooling refrigerant pipe 13a to be expanded (depressurized).

  The decompressed condensed refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator 7a in the passenger compartment 1, and is blown from the blower 6a and absorbs the heat of the air in the passenger compartment 1 flowing through an air passage (not shown) of the evaporator 7a, thereby adjusting the temperature of the air. Reduce. As described above, the air whose temperature has been lowered is blown into the passenger compartment 1 from the outlet 8e to cool the passenger compartment 1.

At this time, the liquid refrigerant (refrigerant liquid) from the first expansion means or the decompression means 14 is evaporated by heat absorption to become a gaseous refrigerant (refrigerant gas), and this refrigerant (refrigerant gas) becomes the third cooling refrigerant pipe. 7 a, the first one-way valve 15, the fourth cooling refrigerant pipe 15 a, and the accumulator 16 are returned to the compressor 11 for circulation and compressed by the compressor 11.
(2). Heating operation when the outside air temperature is low Further, when an ignition switch (not shown) of the vehicle is turned on to start the engine 3, the temperature of the engine cooling water in the water jacket (not shown) of the engine 3 is detected by the water temperature detection sensor 30. Then, a temperature detection signal is output from the water temperature detection sensor 30, and this temperature detection signal is input to the control unit 29.

  In this state, when the heating switch 32 is turned on and this ON signal is input to the control unit 29 as a heating operation command of the vehicle air conditioner 4, the control unit 29 detects the engine coolant from the temperature detection signal of the water temperature detection sensor 30. It is determined whether or not the temperature has reached a temperature (predetermined temperature) necessary for heating the passenger compartment 1.

  Then, the control unit 29 determines that the temperature of the engine cooling water (water temperature) has not reached the temperature required for heating in the passenger compartment 1 (predetermined temperature) in the early stage of engine startup when the outside air temperature is low, such as in winter. Then, the operation of the three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17 is controlled.

  At this time, the control unit 29 shuts off the refrigerant outlet (not shown) of the compressor 11 and the refrigerant inlet (not shown) of the first external heat exchanger 12 by means of the three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17 and the compressor. 11 refrigerant outlets (not shown) and the first bypass refrigerant pipe 17a forming the bypass flow path are communicated with each other. In this state, even if the compressor 11 is operated, the refrigerant does not flow through the first external heat exchanger 12, the liquid tank 13, the first expansion means or decompression means 14, the evaporator 7a, and the like.

  Thereafter, the control unit 29 controls the operation of the door drive device 8c1 of the heater unit 8, opens the upstream side of the air passage (not shown) of the heater core 8a by the mix door 8c, and also drives the door of the intake unit 6b. 6c1 is controlled to close the outside air inlet 6b1 of the intake unit 6b and open the inside air inlet 6b2.

  In this state, the control unit 29 operates the blower 6a to suck the air in the passenger compartment 1 from the inside air intake 6b2. The sucked air flows through the air passage 5a and passes through an air passage (air air passage) (not shown) of the evaporator 7a, and then passes through the air passage (not shown) of the heater unit 8 and the mixing chamber 8d. Then, the air is blown into the passenger compartment 1 from the air outlet 8e. Even if the compressor 11 is operated in this state, since the refrigerant is not supplied to the evaporator 7a as described above, the air blown by the blower 6a flows through the air passage (not shown) of the evaporator 7a. Even if it permeates, air is not cooled by the evaporator 7a.

  On the other hand, the control unit 29 operates the compressor 11 to compress the refrigerant gas, and discharges the high-temperature compressed refrigerant to the cooling refrigerant pipe 11a. The compressed refrigerant includes the three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17, the first bypass refrigerant pipe 17a, the second external heat exchanger 18, the second expansion means or decompression means 19, the third external heat exchanger 20, the second The one-way valve 21, the accumulator 16, etc. flow in this order and are returned to the compressor 11 for circulation. At this time, the compressed refrigerant is dissipated and aggregated in the second external heat exchanger 18 to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant (high-pressure liquid refrigerant), and this liquid refrigerant is expanded by the second means or the decompression means 19 to be low-pressure. After becoming a liquid refrigerant, it flows into the third external heat exchanger 20, and this low-pressure liquid refrigerant is evaporated by the third external heat exchanger 20 to become a refrigerant gas. The evaporated refrigerant gas is returned to the compressor 11 through the second bypass refrigerant pipe 20a, the second one-way valve 21, and the accumulator 16.

  Further, engine cooling water from a water jacket (not shown) of the engine 3 flows into the heater core 8a through the water heat exchanger 26, and then flows out of the heater core 8a to a water jacket (not shown) of the engine 3. Return and circulate.

  Accordingly, when the compressed refrigerant flows through the second external heat exchanger 18, heat is exchanged between the second external heat exchanger 18 and the water heat exchanger 26 to exchange heat for water. The engine cooling water flowing in the heater 26 toward the heater core 8a is heated, and heat is exchanged between the water heat exchanger 26 and the third external heat exchanger 20, and the engine cooling water in the water heat exchanger 26 is transferred. The liquid refrigerant flowing into the third external heat exchanger 20 through is heated.

  Then, the engine coolant heated by the second external heat exchanger 18 and the water heat exchanger 26 is supplied to the heater core 8a to heat the air flowing through the air passage (not shown) of the heater core 8a. warm. Then, the warmed air is blown into the passenger compartment 1 from the outlet 8e to warm the passenger compartment 1.

On the other hand, the compressed refrigerant in the second external heat exchanger 18 heats the liquid refrigerant flowing into the third external heat exchanger 20 via the engine cooling water in the water heat exchanger 26, and the third refrigerant The evaporation of the low-pressure liquid refrigerant in the external heat exchanger 20 is promoted.
(Modification)
In the embodiment described above, the water heat exchanger 26 for flowing the engine coolant supplied from the water jacket (not shown) of the engine 3 to the heater core 8a is provided, and the water heat exchanger 26 and the second refrigerant refrigerant are connected. By transferring heat between the third external heat exchangers 18 and 20, the heat of the compressed refrigerant in the second external heat exchanger 18 for refrigerant condensation is used to heat the water in the water heat exchanger 26. The engine cooling water is heated, and the heat of the compressed refrigerant in the refrigerant second external heat exchanger 18 is transferred to the third external heat exchange for refrigerant evaporation via the engine cooling water in the water heat exchanger 26. Although the liquid refrigerant flowing into the vessel 20 is heated, it is not necessarily limited to this.

  For example, the water heat exchanger 26 described above is omitted, and water is placed in the middle of the flow path (pipe) between the engine coolant outlet of the heater core 8a and the engine coolant inlet of the water jacket (not shown) of the engine 3. The water heat exchanger 27 may be interposed as water heat exchanging means, and the water heat exchanger 27 may be interposed between the second and third external heat exchangers 18 and 20.

  According to this configuration, the compressed refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant second external heat exchanger 18 transfers heat to and from the water heat exchanger 27, and the water (not shown) of the engine 3 from the heater core 8a. While the engine coolant flowing to the jacket side is heated in the water heat exchanger 27, heat is exchanged with the third external heat exchanger 20, and flows into the third external heat exchanger 20. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant to be heated is heated to promote the evaporation of the low-pressure liquid refrigerant in the third external heat exchanger 20.

The water heat exchanger 27, the second and third external heat exchangers 18 and 20 for the refrigerant, etc. constitute a heat exchange means 28 'for cooling water heating.
(Other 1)
As described above, in the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 11 driven by the engine, the first external heat exchanger 12 for condensing the refrigerant outside the passenger compartment 1, and the first. Cooling means circulation circuit (cooling refrigerant circulation circuit 9a) for circulating in the order of the expansion means or decompression means 14, the internal heat exchanger (evaporator 7a) for air cooling and liquid refrigerant evaporation in the passenger compartment, and engine cooling water for the engine A cooling water circulation circuit (10) for circulation between the water jacket and the heater core in the passenger compartment 1 is provided.

  The vehicle air conditioner includes a bypass passage connected to the compressor 11 in parallel with the first external heat exchanger 12 and the internal heat exchanger (evaporator 7a), and a refrigerant discharge of the compressor 11. An electromagnetic switching valve (three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17) that switches and communicates the outlet with either the first external heat exchanger 12 or the bypass flow path is provided.

  Further, the vehicle air conditioner includes a water heat exchange means (one of the water heat exchangers 26 and 27) interposed between the water jacket and the heater core 8a in the middle of the flow path and the bypass flow path. Cooling water heating heat exchanging means (28, 28) having refrigerant heat exchanging means (23) for transferring heat to and from the water heat exchanging means (one of the water heat exchangers (26, 27)). And a water temperature detection sensor 30 for detecting the temperature of the engine cooling water and outputting a temperature signal.

  Further, the vehicle air conditioner operates the compressor 11 and controls the operation of the electromagnetic switching valve (three-way electromagnetic switching valve 17) when the temperature of the engine cooling water when the engine is driven is below a predetermined value. It has a control means (control unit 29) which makes the refrigerant discharge port of the compressor 11 communicate with the bypass flow path.

  In addition, the refrigerant heat exchanging means 23 is configured to pass the refrigerant condensed in the second external heat exchanger 18 and the second external heat exchanger 18 for refrigerant condensation provided in the middle of the bypass flow path. A second expansion means or decompression means 19 for expanding, and a third external heat exchanger 20 for absorbing heat from the liquid refrigerant expanded by the second expansion means or decompression means 19 and evaporating the liquid refrigerant are provided. Yes.

  Moreover, the water heat exchanging means includes a water heat exchanger (one of the water heat exchanger 26 and the water heat exchanger 27) for flowing engine cooling water flowing between the water jacket and the war record heater core 8a. The water heat exchanger (one of the water heat exchanger 26 and the water heat exchanger 27) is interposed between the second and third external heat exchangers 18 and 20.

  According to this configuration, the temperature of the engine cooling water can be rapidly increased when the vehicle interior is heated using the engine cooling water in the early stage of engine startup when the outside air temperature is low. That is, in the initial stage of engine start when the outside air temperature is low, the engine cooling water can be heated using the heat radiation of the second external heat exchanger for refrigerant to rapidly increase the temperature of the engine cooling water. .

Moreover, the low-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing into the third external heat exchanger for evaporating the liquid refrigerant can be heated using the heat radiation of the second external heat exchanger to promote the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant. .
(Other 2)
In the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention, the water heat exchanger is a water heat exchanger 26 for flowing engine cooling water flowing from the water jacket to the heater core, and the water heat exchanger. 26 is interposed between the second and third external heat exchangers 18 and 20.

  According to this configuration, in the refrigeration cycle for heating the coolant of the engine, the heat of the high-pressure and high-temperature compressed refrigerant in the second external heat exchanger 18 is transferred from the water jacket (not shown) of the engine 3 to the heater core side. Since the engine cooling water in the water heat exchanger 26 flowing in the engine can be heated, the heating efficiency of the engine cooling water can be improved.

  In addition, part of the heat of the high-pressure and high-temperature compressed refrigerant in the second external heat exchanger 18 is converted to low-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing into the third external heat exchanger 20 through the water heat exchanger 26. Evaporation can be promoted by heating.

Further, since the water heat exchanger 26 is interposed between the second and third external heat exchangers, the water heat exchanger (first water heat exchanger 26) is replaced with the second and third heat exchangers. The external heat exchanger can be integrally provided as one heat exchanging means, the handleability of the heat exchanging means for water heating can be improved, and the arrangement space can be easily secured.
(Other 3)
In the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention, the water heat exchanger is a water heat exchanger 27 for flowing engine cooling water flowing from the heater core 8a to the water jacket, and the water heat exchanger. The exchanger 27 is interposed between the second and third external heat exchangers.

  According to this configuration, in the refrigeration cycle for heating the cooling water of the engine, the high-pressure and high-temperature compressed refrigerant in the second external heat exchanger 18 flows from the heater core to the water jacket (not shown) side of the engine 3. Since engine cooling water can be heated, the heating efficiency of engine cooling water can be improved. In addition, the high-pressure and high-temperature compressed refrigerant in the second external heat exchanger 18 evaporates by heating the low-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing into the third external heat exchanger 20 via the water heat exchanger 27. Can be promoted.

  Further, since the water heat exchanger 27 is interposed between the second and third external heat exchangers, the water heat exchanger 27 is provided with the second and third external heat exchangers integrally. One heat exchanging means can be provided, the handling property of the heat exchanging means for water heating can be improved, and the arrangement space can be easily secured.

  Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the accumulator 16 is disposed on the downstream side of the first one-way valve 15 and the second one-way valve 21, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the accumulator 16 is disposed downstream of the first one-way valve 15 and upstream of the connection portion between the third bypass refrigerant pipe 20a and the fourth refrigerant pipe 15a in which the second one-way valve 21 is disposed. Alternatively, it may be arranged on the upstream side of the second one-way valve 21. By disposing the accumulator 16 in this way, the first and first heat exchange means 28 for heating the cooling water can be obtained by storing the liquefaction phenomenon of the refrigerant gas generated at the initial stage of the engine or at low outside air in the accumulator 16. The heat exchange loss with the second external heat exchanger 18 interposed between the two water heat exchangers 26 and 27 is reduced, the temperature of the engine cooling water can be rapidly raised and immediately warmed up. The vehicle interior can be ensured and comfortable.

1. Car compartment 7a ... Evaporator (internal heat exchanger)
8a ... Heater core 9 ... Refrigerant circulation circuit 9a ... Cooling refrigerant circulation circuit (cooling circuit)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Heating coolant circulation circuit 11 ... Compressor 12 ... 1st external heat exchanger 14 ... 1st expansion means or pressure reduction means 17 ... Three-way electromagnetic switching valve (electromagnetic switching valve) )
18 ... second external heat exchanger 19 ... second expansion means or decompression means 20 ... third external heat exchanger 23 ... refrigerant heat exchange means 26 ... water heat Exchanger (water heat exchange means)
27 ... Water heat exchanger (water heat exchange means)
28 ... Heat exchange means 28, 28 '... Cooling water heating heat exchange means 29 ... Control unit (control means)
30 ... Water temperature detection sensor

Claims (3)

The refrigerant of the engine driven compressor, the first external heat exchanger for condensing the refrigerant outside the passenger compartment, the first expansion means or the decompression means, the internal heat exchanger for air cooling and liquid refrigerant evaporation inside the passenger compartment A refrigerant circulation circuit for cooling in order,
A cooling water circulation circuit for heating that circulates the engine cooling water between the water jacket of the engine and the heater core in the vehicle interior;
A bypass flow path connected to the compressor in parallel with the first external heat exchanger and the internal heat exchanger;
An electromagnetic switching valve for switching and communicating the refrigerant discharge port of the compressor to either the first external heat exchanger or the bypass flow path;
A water heat exchange means interposed in the middle of the flow path between the water jacket and the heater core, and a refrigerant provided in the middle of the bypass flow path for transferring heat to and from the water heat exchange means Water heating heat exchanging means having heat exchanging means;
A water temperature detection sensor that detects the temperature of the engine coolant and outputs a temperature signal;
Control for operating the compressor when the temperature of the engine cooling water during driving of the engine is equal to or lower than a predetermined value and controlling the operation of the electromagnetic switching valve to connect the refrigerant discharge port of the compressor to the bypass flow path Means, and
The refrigerant heat exchanging means includes a second external heat exchanger for refrigerant condensation provided in the middle of the bypass flow path and a second refrigerant for expanding the refrigerant condensed in the second external heat exchanger. A vehicle air conditioner comprising: expansion means or decompression means; and a third external heat exchanger that absorbs heat from the liquid refrigerant expanded by the second expansion means or decompression means to evaporate the liquid refrigerant,
The water heat exchanging means includes a water heat exchanger for flowing engine cooling water flowing between the water jacket and the war heater core, and the water heat exchanger is the second and third external heat exchangers. An air conditioner for a vehicle characterized by being interposed between.   2. The water heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the water heat exchanger is a water heat exchanger for flowing engine cooling water flowing from the water jacket to the heater core, and the water heat exchanger is the second and third external heat exchanges. A vehicle air conditioner interposed between containers.   2. The water heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the water heat exchanger is a water heat exchanger for flowing engine cooling water flowing from the heater core to the water jacket, and the water heat exchanger is the second and third external heats. An air conditioner for a vehicle, which is interposed between exchangers.

Images