JP2010158411A

JP2010158411A - Rigid scope

Info

Publication number: JP2010158411A
Application number: JP2009002846A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Hisamitsu Kobayashi; 寿光小林; Kunitoshi Ikeda; 邦利池田; Naoyuki Naito; 直幸内藤; Akiyoshi Matsubara; 晃義松原
Original assignee: Hoya Corp; National Cancer Center Japan
Current assignee: Hoya Corp; National Cancer Center Japan
Priority date: 2009-01-08
Filing date: 2009-01-08
Publication date: 2010-07-22

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rigid scope by which can easily be inserted into an inner tubular path of another endoscope and can be used with the inserting section of the other endoscope bent even in the rigid scope incorporating relay lens systems. <P>SOLUTION: The rigid scope has bending mechanisms 72, 79 arranged in the intermediate portion of the inserting section 60 and for switching the intermediate portion into a linear state and a bent state, the relay lens systems L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, P1, P2 incorporated in the operating section 11 and the inserting section 60 which can not transmit an observed image transmitting through an objective lens L1 to an imaging means 52 when the inserting section assumes the linear state and can transmit the image when the inserting section assumes the bent state, an operating means 14 arranged in the operating section for operating the bending mechanisms, and a holding means 35 arranged in the operating section and for holding the bending mechanisms in the linear state or the bent state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、挿入部を直線状態と屈曲状態とに切り替え可能な硬性鏡に関する。 The present invention relates to a rigid endoscope capable of switching an insertion portion between a linear state and a bent state.

硬性鏡の一形態として、操作部の端部にフルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラを取り付けて、対物レンズが観察した観察像をこのフルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラで撮像し、撮像した画像をテレビモニタにハイビジョン画像として表示するものがある。
硬性鏡の内部には、挿入部の先端に設けた対物レンズが観察した観察像を３ＣＣＤカメラに結合するための導光手段（送光手段）が配設してある。この導光手段としては、ガイドファイバ、または、複数の光学部品（レンズ、プリズム等）からなるリレーレンズ系を用いるのが一般的である。しかし、上記のようにフルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラを利用した場合にガイドファイバを用いると、ガイドファイバの繊維がテレビモニタに映し出されてしまうので、フルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラを利用する場合はこのような問題が起こらないリレーレンズ系を用いるのが好ましい。 As one form of rigid mirror, a full-spec high-definition 3CCD camera is attached to the end of the operation unit, and an observation image observed by the objective lens is picked up by the full-spec high-definition 3CCD camera. There is something to display.
Inside the rigid mirror, a light guide means (light transmitting means) is provided for coupling an observation image observed by an objective lens provided at the distal end of the insertion portion to the 3CCD camera. As this light guide means, a guide fiber or a relay lens system comprising a plurality of optical components (lenses, prisms, etc.) is generally used. However, if a guide fiber is used when a full-spec high-definition 3CCD camera is used as described above, the fiber of the guide fiber is projected on a TV monitor. It is preferable to use a relay lens system in which no occurrence occurs.

特開２００５−４６３６１号公報JP-A-2005-46361 特開平８−５３３号公報JP-A-8-533

出願人は、内視鏡を、この内視鏡より大型（大径）の親内視鏡の処置具挿通管路に挿入して使用する対象物内部処置システムを提案しており（特許文献１）、上記硬性鏡もこのような大型の親内視鏡の内部に挿入して使用することができる。しかし、硬性鏡の挿入部が直線形状であるため、この場合は親内視鏡の挿入部を湾曲させられなくなってしまう。
その一方で、挿入部を湾曲形状として形成した硬性鏡が従来より知られている（特許文献２）。しかし、硬性鏡の湾曲した挿入部を親内視鏡の処置具挿通管路に挿入するのは難しく、特に親内視鏡の処置具挿通管路の径が細い場合（硬性鏡の挿入部の外径と殆ど変わらない場合）は、硬性鏡の湾曲した挿入部を親内視鏡の処置具挿通管路に挿入するのは事実上不可能である。 The applicant has proposed an object internal treatment system in which an endoscope is used by being inserted into a treatment instrument insertion conduit of a parent endoscope having a larger (larger diameter) than this endoscope (Patent Document 1). ), And the above-mentioned rigid endoscope can be used by being inserted into such a large parent endoscope. However, since the insertion portion of the rigid endoscope has a linear shape, in this case, the insertion portion of the parent endoscope cannot be bent.
On the other hand, a rigid endoscope in which the insertion portion is formed in a curved shape has been conventionally known (Patent Document 2). However, it is difficult to insert the curved insertion portion of the rigid endoscope into the treatment instrument insertion passage of the parent endoscope, particularly when the diameter of the treatment instrument insertion passage of the parent endoscope is small (of the insertion portion of the rigid endoscope). When the outer diameter is almost the same), it is practically impossible to insert the curved insertion portion of the rigid endoscope into the treatment instrument insertion conduit of the parent endoscope.

本発明は、リレーレンズ系を内蔵した硬性鏡でありながら、別の内視鏡の内部管路に容易に挿入でき、しかも当該別の内視鏡の挿入部を曲げた状態で使用可能な硬性鏡を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention is a rigid endoscope that incorporates a relay lens system, but can be easily inserted into the internal conduit of another endoscope, and can be used in a state where the insertion portion of the other endoscope is bent. The purpose is to provide a mirror.

本発明の硬性鏡は、操作部、及び、該操作部から延びる挿入部と、該挿入部の先端に設けた対物レンズと、上記操作部に設けた、上記対物レンズを透過した像を撮像する撮像手段または該像を観察可能な接眼部と、上記挿入部の中間部に設けた、該中間部を直線状態と屈曲状態とに切り替える少なくとも一つの屈曲機構と、上記操作部及び挿入部に内蔵した、上記中間部が上記直線状態になったときは上記対物レンズを透過した観察像を上記撮像手段または接眼部に導光不能で、上記屈曲状態となったときは導光可能な複数の光学部品からなるリレーレンズ系と、上記操作部に設けた、上記屈曲機構を操作するための操作手段と、上記操作部に設けた、上記屈曲機構を上記直線状態または屈曲状態に保持する保持手段と、を備えることを特徴としている。 The rigid endoscope of the present invention captures an operation unit, an insertion unit extending from the operation unit, an objective lens provided at the distal end of the insertion unit, and an image transmitted through the objective lens provided in the operation unit. An imaging means or an eyepiece capable of observing the image; at least one bending mechanism provided at an intermediate portion of the insertion portion for switching the intermediate portion between a linear state and a bending state; and the operation portion and the insertion portion. Built-in, when the intermediate portion is in the linear state, the observation image transmitted through the objective lens cannot be guided to the imaging means or the eyepiece, and when it is in the bent state, a plurality of light can be guided A relay lens system comprising the optical parts, an operating means for operating the bending mechanism provided in the operating section, and a holding provided in the operating section for holding the bending mechanism in the linear state or the bent state. Means comprising: It is.

上記操作手段が、上記操作部の軸線回りに回転する調整環と、上記操作部に内蔵した、上記軸線方向に往復移動可能な移動部材と、上記調整環の回転運動を上記移動部材の上記軸線方向運動に変換するカム機構と、を備え、上記移動部材と上記屈曲機構とを、該移動部材の動きを屈曲機構に伝達する操作ワイヤで連係したものであってもよい。 An adjusting ring in which the operating means rotates around the axis of the operating unit, a moving member built in the operating unit that can reciprocate in the axial direction, and a rotational movement of the adjusting ring that rotates the axis of the moving member And a cam mechanism that converts the movement member into a directional motion, and the moving member and the bending mechanism may be linked by an operation wire that transmits the movement of the moving member to the bending mechanism.

さらに、上記操作部のケースに貫通孔を穿設し、上記移動部材に、該貫通孔を通して上記ケース内に挿入した強制スライド用部材の端部が係合可能な係合孔または係合凹部を形成してもよい。 Further, a through hole is formed in the case of the operation portion, and an engagement hole or an engagement recess in which the end of the forced slide member inserted into the case through the through hole can be engaged is formed in the moving member. It may be formed.

さらに、上記貫通孔に、栓部材を水密状態で着脱可能に嵌合するのが好ましい。 Furthermore, it is preferable that the plug member is detachably fitted into the through hole in a watertight state.

上記屈曲機構が、硬性鏡の軸線方向に並ぶ２つの硬質部材と、これら２つの硬質部材を、硬性鏡の軸線方向に対して直交する軸回りに回転可能として接続する回転接続機構と、を備え、上記２つの硬質部材の一対の対向端面の一方に、硬性鏡の軸線方向と平行なねじ孔を形成し、該ねじ孔に、上記中間部が上記屈曲状態となったときに、他方の上記対向端面がその頭部に接触する調整ねじを螺合してもよい。 The bending mechanism includes two hard members arranged in the axial direction of the rigid mirror, and a rotary connection mechanism that connects the two hard members so as to be rotatable around an axis orthogonal to the axial direction of the rigid mirror. A screw hole parallel to the axial direction of the rigid endoscope is formed in one of a pair of opposed end surfaces of the two hard members, and when the intermediate portion is in the bent state, You may screw the adjustment screw which an opposing end surface contacts the head.

上記調整ねじの上記頭部の周面に、回転角調整部材を挿入可能な挿入用凹部または挿入孔を形成してもよい。 You may form the insertion recessed part or insertion hole which can insert a rotation angle adjustment member in the surrounding surface of the said head of the said adjustment screw.

本発明の硬性鏡は、操作手段によって屈曲機構を操作することにより挿入部を直線状態と屈曲状態とに切り替えることが可能である。そのため、挿入部を直線状態にすれば、別の（当該硬性鏡より大型の）親内視鏡の内部に容易に挿入できる。
そして、挿入した後に親内視鏡の挿入部を湾曲させ、さらに操作手段によって硬性鏡の挿入部（中間部）を屈曲状態にすれば、親内視鏡及び硬性鏡の挿入部を曲げた状態で使用可能となる。しかも、硬性鏡の挿入部（中間部）を屈曲状態にすると、硬性鏡に内蔵したリレーレンズ系が対物レンズを透過した観察像を撮像手段または接眼部に導光するので、該対物レンズが観察した観察像を接眼部で観察したり、撮像手段で撮像できる。 The rigid endoscope of the present invention can switch the insertion portion between the linear state and the bent state by operating the bending mechanism by the operating means. Therefore, if the insertion portion is in a straight line state, it can be easily inserted into another (larger than the rigid endoscope) parent endoscope.
Then, after the insertion, if the insertion part of the parent endoscope is bent and the insertion part (intermediate part) of the rigid endoscope is bent by the operating means, the insertion part of the parent endoscope and the rigid endoscope is bent. Can be used. In addition, when the insertion portion (intermediate portion) of the rigid endoscope is bent, the relay lens system incorporated in the rigid endoscope guides the observation image transmitted through the objective lens to the imaging means or the eyepiece portion. The observed observation image can be observed with an eyepiece, or can be captured with an imaging means.

請求項２のように構成すれば、操作部に設けた調整環の回転操作に応じて屈曲機構を操作できるので、挿入部（中間部）の直線状態と屈曲状態の切り替えを容易に行えるようになる。 If comprised like Claim 2, since a bending mechanism can be operated according to rotation operation of the adjustment ring provided in the operation part, it can carry out easily switching between the linear state and bending state of an insertion part (intermediate part). Become.

請求項３のように構成すると、調整環やカム機構が故障した場合においても、強制スライド用部材を利用することにより屈曲機構を操作可能となる。 According to the third aspect, even when the adjusting ring or the cam mechanism fails, the bending mechanism can be operated by using the forced slide member.

請求項４のように構成すれば、強制スライド用部材を使用しないときに、操作部のケースの貫通孔を通してケース内に水分が侵入するのを防止できる。 If comprised like Claim 4, when not using the member for forced slides, it can prevent that a water | moisture content penetrate | invades in a case through the through-hole of the case of an operation part.

請求項５のように構成すれば、調整ねじのねじ孔に対する螺合量を調整することにより、屈曲状態における屈曲角を調整できるようになる。従って、リレーレンズ系を構成する各光学部品どうしの軸線位置調整が可能になるので、より鮮明な観察像を観察可能である。 According to the fifth aspect, the bending angle in the bent state can be adjusted by adjusting the screwing amount of the adjusting screw with respect to the screw hole. Accordingly, the axial position of each optical component constituting the relay lens system can be adjusted, so that a clearer observation image can be observed.

請求項６のように構成すれば、回転角調整部材を利用することにより、挿入部の側方から調整ねじの螺合量を調整可能になるので、調整ねじの螺合量調整がより容易になる。 According to the sixth aspect, since the screwing amount of the adjusting screw can be adjusted from the side of the insertion portion by using the rotation angle adjusting member, the screwing amount of the adjusting screw can be adjusted more easily. Become.

本発明の一実施形態の硬性鏡の挿入部が直線状態にあるときの側面図である。It is a side view when the insertion part of the rigid endoscope of one Embodiment of this invention exists in a linear state. 硬性鏡の挿入部が屈曲状態にあるときの側面図である。It is a side view when the insertion part of a rigid endoscope exists in a bending state. 挿入部の縦断側面図である。It is a vertical side view of an insertion part. 屈曲部及びその周辺部の横断平面図である。It is a cross-sectional top view of a bending part and its peripheral part. 図３のV−V矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the VV arrow line of FIG. 図３のVI−VI矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the VI-VI arrow line of FIG. 図６のVII−VII矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the VII-VII arrow line of FIG. 図３のVIII−VIII矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the VIII-VIII arrow line of FIG. 図３のIX−IX矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the IX-IX arrow line of FIG. 図３のX−X矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the XX arrow line of FIG. 挿入部の先端部と屈曲部の接続部の拡大縦断側面図である。It is an expansion vertical side view of the connection part of the front-end | tip part and bending part of an insertion part. 図１１のXII−XII矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the XII-XII arrow line of FIG. 挿入部の外皮チューブを外して示す、直線状態にあるときの先端部と屈曲部の接続部の拡大側面図である。It is an expanded side view of the connection part of a front-end | tip part and a bending part when it has a linear state which removes and shows the skin tube of an insertion part. 挿入部の外皮チューブを外して示す、屈曲状態にあるときの先端部と屈曲部の接続部の拡大側面図である。It is an expanded side view of the connection part of a front-end | tip part and a bending part in the bending state shown by removing the outer tube of an insertion part. 操作部の拡大縦断側面図である。It is an expansion vertical side view of an operation part. 図１５のXVI−XVI矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the XVI-XVI arrow line of FIG. 図１５のXVII−XVII矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the XVII-XVII arrow line of FIG. 図１５のXVIII−XVIII矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the XVIII-XVIII arrow line of FIG. 図１７のXIX−XIX矢線に沿う断面図である。It is sectional drawing which follows the XIX-XIX arrow line of FIG. カム機構の平面図である。It is a top view of a cam mechanism. カム環の展開図である。It is an expanded view of a cam ring. 挿入部が直線状態にある親内視鏡の内部管路に挿入部が直線状態にある硬性鏡を挿入した状態を、親内視鏡を断面視して示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the state which inserted the rigid endoscope in which an insertion part is in a straight line state into the internal channel of the parent endoscope in which an insertion part is in a straight line state, seeing a parent endoscope in section. 同じく、挿入部が屈曲状態にある親内視鏡の内部管路に挿入部が屈曲状態にある硬性鏡を挿入したときの図２３と同様の側面図である。Similarly, FIG. 24 is a side view similar to FIG. 23 when a rigid endoscope whose insertion portion is in a bent state is inserted into an internal duct of a parent endoscope whose insertion portion is in a bent state. 患者の腹部に穿けた孔を通して、親内視鏡及び硬性鏡の挿入部を患者の体内に挿入した状態を表す図である。It is a figure showing the state which inserted the insertion part of the parent endoscope and the rigid endoscope into the patient's body through the hole drilled in the patient's abdomen. 親内視鏡及び硬性鏡の挿入部を曲げたときの図２４と同様の図である。It is a figure similar to FIG. 24 when the insertion part of a parent endoscope and a rigid endoscope is bent. 栓部材を取り外し、強制スライド用部材を利用して第１の移動環を強制的にスライドさせる状態を示す、図１５と同様の図である。FIG. 16 is a view similar to FIG. 15, showing a state in which the stopper member is removed and the first moving ring is forcibly slid using a forced slide member. 第１の変形例の硬性鏡の直線状態にある挿入部の側面図である。It is a side view of the insertion part in the linear state of the rigid endoscope of the 1st modification. 同じく、硬性鏡の屈曲状態にある挿入部の側面図である。Similarly, it is a side view of the insertion part in the bending state of the rigid endoscope. 第２の変形例の硬性鏡の直線状態にある挿入部の側面図である。It is a side view of the insertion part in the linear state of the rigid endoscope of the 2nd modification. 同じく、硬性鏡の屈曲状態にある挿入部の側面図である。Similarly, it is a side view of the insertion part in the bending state of the rigid endoscope.

以下、本発明の一実施形態を図１から図２６を参照しながら詳しく説明する。
本実施形態の硬性鏡１０は、大きな構成要素として操作部１１と、その基端部が操作部１１の前端部に接続する挿入部６０と、を具備している。
先ず、操作部１１の詳しい構造について主に図１５から図２１を利用して説明する。
金属製の略円筒形状部材であるケース１２の外周面の前端部には、ケース１２の軸線を中心とする環状部材である金属製の第１の調整環（操作手段）１４が該軸線回りに回転可能かつ該軸線方向に移動不能として装着してある。この第１の調整環１４の内周面には、該軸線を中心とする環状部材であるカム環１５が固定してある。カム環１５にはその周方向に向かって延びるカム溝１６が貫通溝として形成してあり、カム溝１６の後側の側面が該周方向に対して傾斜するカム面１７となっている。このカム環１５は、ケース１２の外周面の前端部近傍部に凹設した環状凹部１８に回転可能に嵌合している。さらに、ケース１２には平面視においてカム溝１６と重なる直進案内溝２０が、ケース１２の軸線方向に延びる貫通長孔として穿設してある。
ケース１２の内部空間には、ケース１２の軸線を中心とする金属製の環状部材である第１の移動環（移動部材）２３が、該軸線方向にスライド可能として収納してある。第１の移動環２３の上面には、ケース１２の径方向外側に向かって延びる略円柱形状のカムピン２４が突設してあり、カムピン２４の先端部の外周面には回転リング２５が回転可能に嵌合している。図１５、図２０及び図２１に示すように、カムピン２４の中間部はケース１２の直進案内溝２０に嵌合しており（直進案内溝２０の両側面に接触している）、回転リング２５はカム環１５のカム溝１６に嵌合している。さらに、図１５に示すように、第１の移動環２３の前端面とケース１２の前端開口部に固定した接続環１０６の後端面の間には圧縮コイルばねＳ１が縮接してあるので、第１の移動環２３、カムピン２４及び回転リング２５は常に後方（操作部１１の基端側）に向かって移動付勢されている。そのため、図２０及び図２１に示すように、回転リング２５は常にカム溝１６のカム面１７に接触している。
また、図１５、図１８及び図１９に示すように、第１の移動環２３の内周面の前端部にはワイヤ固定部材２７が２つの固定ねじＢ１によって固定してある。このワイヤ固定部材２７は後述する操作ワイヤＷの後端部を固定状態で支持している。第１の移動環２３の下面の後端部近傍部には係合孔２８が貫通孔として穿設してある。
ケース１２の係合孔２８と対応する部分には断面円形の貫通孔３１が穿設してあり、この貫通孔３１にはゴム製の栓部材３３が水密状態で着脱可能に嵌合してある。また、ケース１２にはねじ孔３４が貫通孔として穿設してある。このねじ孔３４には、ケース１２の径方向に延びる金属製の第１の固定ねじ（保持手段）３５が螺合している。この第１の固定ねじ３５の先端は円錐形であり、第１の移動環２３に圧接することにより第１の移動環２３の位置を保持する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
The rigid endoscope 10 of the present embodiment includes an operation unit 11 as a large component and an insertion unit 60 whose base end is connected to the front end of the operation unit 11.
First, the detailed structure of the operation unit 11 will be described mainly using FIGS. 15 to 21.
At the front end of the outer peripheral surface of the case 12 that is a substantially cylindrical member made of metal, a first metal adjustment ring (operation means) 14 that is an annular member centered on the axis of the case 12 is provided around the axis. It is mounted so as to be rotatable and immovable in the axial direction. A cam ring 15, which is an annular member centered on the axis, is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the first adjustment ring 14. A cam groove 16 extending in the circumferential direction is formed in the cam ring 15 as a through groove, and a rear side surface of the cam groove 16 is a cam surface 17 inclined with respect to the circumferential direction. The cam ring 15 is rotatably fitted in an annular recess 18 that is recessed in the vicinity of the front end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the case 12. Further, a straight guide groove 20 that overlaps the cam groove 16 in a plan view is formed in the case 12 as a through long hole extending in the axial direction of the case 12.
In the internal space of the case 12, a first moving ring (moving member) 23, which is a metal annular member centering on the axis of the case 12, is housed so as to be slidable in the axial direction. A substantially cylindrical cam pin 24 is provided on the upper surface of the first moving ring 23 so as to extend outward in the radial direction of the case 12, and the rotating ring 25 is rotatable on the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the cam pin 24. Is fitted. As shown in FIGS. 15, 20, and 21, the intermediate portion of the cam pin 24 is fitted in the rectilinear guide groove 20 of the case 12 (contacts both side surfaces of the rectilinear guide groove 20), and the rotating ring 25. Is fitted in the cam groove 16 of the cam ring 15. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, since the compression coil spring S1 is contracted between the front end face of the first moving ring 23 and the rear end face of the connection ring 106 fixed to the front end opening of the case 12, The one moving ring 23, the cam pin 24, and the rotating ring 25 are always urged to move toward the rear (the base end side of the operation unit 11). Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the rotating ring 25 is always in contact with the cam surface 17 of the cam groove 16.
As shown in FIGS. 15, 18, and 19, a wire fixing member 27 is fixed to the front end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the first moving ring 23 by two fixing screws B1. The wire fixing member 27 supports a rear end portion of an operation wire W described later in a fixed state. An engagement hole 28 is formed as a through hole in the vicinity of the rear end portion of the lower surface of the first moving ring 23.
A through hole 31 having a circular cross section is formed in a portion corresponding to the engagement hole 28 of the case 12, and a rubber plug member 33 is detachably fitted in the through hole 31 in a watertight state. . The case 12 has a screw hole 34 formed as a through hole. A metal first fixing screw (holding means) 35 extending in the radial direction of the case 12 is screwed into the screw hole 34. The tip of the first fixing screw 35 has a conical shape, and holds the position of the first moving ring 23 by being pressed against the first moving ring 23.

ケース１２の内部には第１の移動環２３の後方に位置させて、ケース１２の軸線を中心とする金属製の筒状部材である第２の移動環４０が、その前端部が第１の移動環２３の内部に位置する態様で、ケース１２の軸線方向にスライド可能として収納してある。
第２の移動環４０の内周面は段差のある円筒面であり、その前端部近傍部分及び後端部近傍部分には調整レンズＬ５と調整レンズＬ６がそれぞれ設けてある。調整レンズＬ５及び調整レンズＬ６は共に自身の光軸を中心とする同一形状の回転対称形状物であり、その外径は第２の移動環４０の前端部近傍部及び後端部近傍部の内径より若干小径である。第２の移動環４０の前端部近傍部分と後端部近傍部分の上部には共に前後一対のねじ孔が形成してあり、各ねじ孔には固定ねじＢ２が挿入してある。そして、各固定ねじＢ２の下端部には樹脂部材（固定ねじＢ２〜Ｂ９の端部には樹脂部材が固定してあるが、図５に開示した固定ねじＢ６の樹脂部材固定ねじＢ６ａ以外は図示略）が固定してあり、この樹脂部材が調整レンズＬ５と調整レンズＬ６の上面に当接している。この樹脂部材は調整レンズＬ５と調整レンズＬ６を下方に押圧しているので、調整レンズＬ５及び調整レンズＬ６の下面は第２の移動環４０の内周面の底部に接触している。このように、調整レンズＬ５及び調整レンズＬ６を固定ねじＢ２と第２の移動環４０の内周面の底部で挟む込むことにより、調整レンズＬ５及び調整レンズＬ６を第２の移動環４０に対して固定している。
第２の移動環４０の内部の前後方向の中間部は断面略正方形の空間であり、当該空間には略角柱形状のドーブプリズムＰ２が収納してある。第２の移動環４０の中間部の上面部、下面部、及び左右両側部には前後一対のねじ孔が形成してあり、各ねじ孔には固定ねじＢ３が螺合してある。一方、固定ねじＢ３に対応するドーブプリズムＰ２の各面には金属製のカバー板Ｃ１が貼り付けてある。そして、各固定ねじＢ３の先端部がカバーに接触することにより、ドーブプリズムＰ２を第２の移動環４０に対して光軸位置を調整可能として固定している。 Inside the case 12, a second moving ring 40, which is a metallic cylindrical member centered on the axis of the case 12, is located behind the first moving ring 23, and its front end is the first end. In a manner located inside the moving ring 23, the case 12 is housed so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the case 12.
The inner peripheral surface of the second moving ring 40 is a cylindrical surface having a step, and an adjustment lens L5 and an adjustment lens L6 are provided in the vicinity of the front end portion and the vicinity of the rear end portion, respectively. The adjustment lens L5 and the adjustment lens L6 are both rotationally symmetric shapes having the same shape around the optical axis of the adjustment lens L5, and the outer diameters thereof are the inner diameters in the vicinity of the front end portion and the rear end portion of the second moving ring 40. A slightly smaller diameter. A pair of front and rear screw holes are formed in the upper part of the vicinity of the front end portion and the vicinity of the rear end portion of the second moving ring 40, and a fixing screw B2 is inserted into each screw hole. And the resin member (The resin member is being fixed to the edge part of fixing screw B2-B9, although resin member fixing screw B6a of FIG. 5 disclosed except FIG. 5 is shown in the lower end part of each fixing screw B2. The resin member is in contact with the upper surfaces of the adjustment lens L5 and the adjustment lens L6. Since the resin member presses the adjustment lens L5 and the adjustment lens L6 downward, the lower surfaces of the adjustment lens L5 and the adjustment lens L6 are in contact with the bottom of the inner peripheral surface of the second moving ring 40. In this manner, the adjustment lens L5 and the adjustment lens L6 are sandwiched between the fixing screw B2 and the bottom portion of the inner peripheral surface of the second moving ring 40, so that the adjustment lens L5 and the adjustment lens L6 are located with respect to the second moving ring 40. Are fixed.
An intermediate portion in the front-rear direction inside the second moving ring 40 is a space having a substantially square cross section, and a substantially prismatic dove prism P2 is accommodated in the space. A pair of front and rear screw holes are formed in the upper surface portion, the lower surface portion, and the left and right side portions of the intermediate portion of the second moving ring 40, and a fixing screw B3 is screwed into each screw hole. On the other hand, a metal cover plate C1 is attached to each surface of the dove prism P2 corresponding to the fixing screw B3. The dove prism P2 is fixed to the second moving ring 40 so that the position of the optical axis can be adjusted by the tip of each fixing screw B3 coming into contact with the cover.

第２の移動環４０の下面の後端部近傍部には、カムピン２４と同じ形状のカムピン４２が突設してあり、カムピン４２の下端部には回転リング２５と同じ形状の回転リング４３が回転可能に嵌合してある。カムピン４２及び回転リング４３は、ケース１２の下面の後端部近傍部に穿設した直進案内溝２０と同じ平面形状である直進案内溝４５を貫通しており、カムピン４２の基端部（上半部）は直進案内溝４５の左右両側面に接触している。
ケース１２の外周面の後端部近傍部分にはねじ溝が形成してあり、このねじ溝には、ケース１２の軸線を中心とする環状部材である金属製の第２の調整環４７の内周面に形成したねじ溝が螺合している。この第２の調整環４７の内周面には環状段部４８が凹設してある。
ケース１２の後端にはケース１２と同心をなす支持環５０が固定してあり、支持環５０がその内周側に位置する回転環５１を回転可能かつケース１２の軸線方向に移動不能として支持している。回転環５１の後端部には図１及び図２に仮想線で示したフルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２が固定してある。なお、フルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２は図示を省略したハイビジョンテレビモニタに接続しており、その側端面には透明なカバーガラスを接着固定してある。さらに、支持環５０の上部にはねじ孔５３が穿設してあり、ねじ孔５３には第２の固定ねじ５４が螺合している。従って、ねじ孔５３に対する第２の固定ねじ５４の螺合量を調整して、第２の固定ねじ５４の先端（下端）を回転環５１の上面に圧接すれば、回転環５１及びフルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２を所望の回転位置に固定できる。
また、図１５に示すように、回転環５１の前端面と第２の移動環４０の後端面の間には圧縮コイルばねＳ２が縮接してあるので、第２の移動環４０は常に前方に向かって移動付勢されている。そのため、カムピン４２に設けた回転リング４３は常に第２の調整環４７の環状段部４８に接触している。 A cam pin 42 having the same shape as the cam pin 24 protrudes from the vicinity of the rear end portion of the lower surface of the second moving ring 40, and a rotation ring 43 having the same shape as the rotation ring 25 is provided at the lower end portion of the cam pin 42. It is fitted so that it can rotate. The cam pin 42 and the rotating ring 43 pass through a rectilinear guide groove 45 having the same planar shape as the rectilinear guide groove 20 formed in the vicinity of the rear end portion of the lower surface of the case 12. The half portion is in contact with the left and right side surfaces of the straight guide groove 45.
A screw groove is formed in the vicinity of the rear end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the case 12, and the screw groove includes an inner portion of a second adjustment ring 47 made of metal that is an annular member centering on the axis of the case 12. A thread groove formed on the peripheral surface is screwed. An annular step 48 is recessed in the inner peripheral surface of the second adjustment ring 47.
A support ring 50 concentric with the case 12 is fixed to the rear end of the case 12, and the support ring 50 supports the rotary ring 51 positioned on the inner peripheral side thereof so that it can rotate and cannot move in the axial direction of the case 12. is doing. A full-spec high-definition 3 CCD camera 52 indicated by a virtual line in FIGS. 1 and 2 is fixed to the rear end of the rotating ring 51. The full-spec high-definition 3CCD camera 52 is connected to a high-definition television monitor (not shown), and a transparent cover glass is bonded and fixed to the side end surface. Further, a screw hole 53 is formed in the upper portion of the support ring 50, and a second fixing screw 54 is screwed into the screw hole 53. Therefore, if the screwing amount of the second fixing screw 54 with respect to the screw hole 53 is adjusted and the tip (lower end) of the second fixing screw 54 is pressed against the upper surface of the rotating ring 51, the rotating ring 51 and the full spec HDTV The 3CCD camera 52 can be fixed at a desired rotational position.
Further, as shown in FIG. 15, since the compression coil spring S2 is contracted between the front end face of the rotary ring 51 and the rear end face of the second moving ring 40, the second moving ring 40 is always forward. It is urged to move towards. Therefore, the rotating ring 43 provided on the cam pin 42 is always in contact with the annular step 48 of the second adjustment ring 47.

続いて、挿入部６０の構造について主に図３から図１４を利用して説明する。
挿入部６０は、先端部６１と、最も基端側の導中部９０と、先端部６１と導中部９０の間に位置する屈曲部７５とからなっている。
まず先端部６１の構造について説明する。
金属製の略円筒形状部材であるレンズ支持筒６２の内周面は断面円形である。当該内周面の中では後端部が最も大径であり、その直前に位置する雌ねじ溝６７は後端部より若干小径で、かつ雌ねじ溝６７より前方に位置する部分より大径である。
レンズ支持筒６２の前端部には自身の光軸を中心とする回転対称形状物であり、かつ、レンズ支持筒６２の前端部の内径より若干小径である対物レンズＬ１が設けてある。レンズ支持筒６２の前端部近傍部分の上部には前後一対のねじ孔が同じ周方向位置に形成してあり、各ねじ孔に螺合した固定ねじＢ４の下端部に固定した樹脂部材が対物レンズＬ１の上面を下方に押圧している。対物レンズＬ１の下面はレンズ支持筒６２の内周面の底部に接触しているので、対物レンズＬ１がレンズ支持筒６２の前端部に固定されている。
対物レンズＬ１の直後にはレンズ支持筒６２と同心をなし、かつ、レンズ支持筒６２の中間部の内径より若干小径である金属製のレンズ押さえ筒６４が収納してあり、レンズ押さえ筒６４の前端面が対物レンズＬ１の後面に接触している。レンズ支持筒６２の前後方向の中間部には、固定ねじＢ４が螺合するねじ孔と同じ周方向位置に位置する前後一対のねじ孔が穿設してあり、これらのねじ孔に固定ねじＢ５が螺合している。そして、前後の固定ねじＢ５の下端部に固定した樹脂部材がレンズ押さえ筒６４の上面を下方に押圧し、レンズ押さえ筒６４の下面をレンズ支持筒６２の内周面の底部に接触させることにより、レンズ押さえ筒６４をレンズ支持筒６２に対して固定している。
さらに、レンズ押さえ筒６４の直後にはレンズ支持筒６２と同心をなし、かつ対物レンズＬ１と同径であるリレーレンズＬ２が収納してある。リレーレンズＬ２の前面はレンズ押さえ筒６４の後端面に接触している。レンズ支持筒６２の後端部近傍部には、固定ねじＢ４及び固定ねじＢ５が螺合する各ねじ孔と同じ周方向位置に位置する前後一対のねじ孔が穿設してあり、これらのねじ孔に固定ねじＢ６が螺合している。そして、前後の固定ねじＢ６の下端部に固定した樹脂部材Ｂ６ａがリレーレンズＬ２の上面を下方に押圧し、リレーレンズＬ２の下面をレンズ支持筒６２の内周面の底部に接触させることにより、リレーレンズＬ２をレンズ支持筒６２に対して固定している。
リレーレンズＬ２の直後には、レンズ支持筒６２の内周面における雌ねじ溝６７より前方に位置する部分よりも若干小径の環状部材であるレンズ当付環６６が位置している。さらに、レンズ支持筒６２の雌ねじ溝６７には、レンズ当付環６６より大径の環状部材であるレンズ押さえ環６８が螺合している。レンズ押さえ環６８はレンズ当付環６６の後面を前方に押圧しており、レンズ当付環６６の前面がリレーレンズＬ２の後面に接触している。
このようにレンズ支持筒６２の内径より小径でありかつ互いの外径が同一である対物レンズＬ１とリレーレンズＬ２を、同じ周方向位置に位置する固定ねじＢ４と固定ねじＢ５を利用してレンズ支持筒６２の内周面の底部に接触させているので、対物レンズＬ１とリレーレンズＬ２は同心状態（両者の光軸が一致する状態）となる。さらに、レンズ押さえ環６８を利用して、レンズ支持筒６２の内径より小径であるレンズ当付環６６の前面をリレーレンズＬ２の後面に接触させているので、レンズ当付環６６の内周孔の前縁部をリレーレンズＬ２の後面に確実に接触させることができる。
レンズ支持筒６２の後端部の内周面には、レンズ支持筒６２と同心をなす金属製の環状部材である第１の回転接続部材（硬質部材）７０が嵌合固定してある。第１の回転接続部材７０の後端面はレンズ支持筒６２の軸線に対して直交する平面となっている。第１の回転接続部材７０の後端部には左右一対の腕片７１が後ろ向きに突設してあり、左右の腕片７１の対向面には互いに同軸をなす連結ピン（回転接続機構）７２が突設してある。さらに、図７に示すように、第１の回転接続部材７０の下部には、操作部１１及び挿入部６０の内部を操作部１１及び挿入部６０の軸線に沿って延びる金属製の操作ワイヤＷの前端が固定してある。この操作ワイヤＷは湾曲可能であるものの機械的強度が高いため、操作部１１及び挿入部６０の内部において座屈を起こすことはない。
さらに、レンズ支持筒６２の外周面にはステンレス等からなる保護パイプ７４を嵌合し接着固定してある。なお、保護パイプ７４の代わりにＦＥＰ等の熱収縮チューブを被せても良い。レンズ支持筒６２の外周面の両端近傍部には水密性をより確実に保持するためのＯリングＲを設けるのが好ましい（図３参照）。
以上説明した各部材が先端部６１の構成要素である。 Subsequently, the structure of the insertion portion 60 will be described mainly using FIGS. 3 to 14.
The insertion portion 60 includes a distal end portion 61, a most proximal end guiding portion 90, and a bent portion 75 positioned between the distal end portion 61 and the guiding middle portion 90.
First, the structure of the tip 61 will be described.
The inner peripheral surface of the lens support cylinder 62, which is a metal substantially cylindrical member, has a circular cross section. The rear end portion has the largest diameter in the inner peripheral surface, and the female screw groove 67 positioned immediately before the inner peripheral surface is slightly smaller in diameter than the rear end portion and larger in diameter than the portion positioned in front of the female screw groove 67.
An objective lens L1 is provided at the front end portion of the lens support tube 62, which has a rotationally symmetric shape about its own optical axis and is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the front end portion of the lens support tube 62. A pair of front and rear screw holes are formed at the same circumferential position in the upper part of the lens support tube 62 in the vicinity of the front end, and the resin member fixed to the lower end of the fixing screw B4 screwed into each screw hole is an objective lens. The upper surface of L1 is pressed downward. Since the lower surface of the objective lens L 1 is in contact with the bottom of the inner peripheral surface of the lens support tube 62, the objective lens L 1 is fixed to the front end portion of the lens support tube 62.
Immediately after the objective lens L <b> 1, a metal lens holding cylinder 64 that is concentric with the lens supporting cylinder 62 and is slightly smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of the intermediate portion of the lens supporting cylinder 62 is accommodated. The front end surface is in contact with the rear surface of the objective lens L1. A pair of front and rear screw holes positioned at the same circumferential position as the screw hole into which the fixing screw B4 is screwed are formed in the middle portion in the front and rear direction of the lens support cylinder 62, and the fixing screw B5 is provided in these screw holes. Are screwed together. The resin member fixed to the lower ends of the front and rear fixing screws B5 presses the upper surface of the lens pressing cylinder 64 downward, and the lower surface of the lens pressing cylinder 64 is brought into contact with the bottom of the inner peripheral surface of the lens supporting cylinder 62. The lens holding cylinder 64 is fixed to the lens support cylinder 62.
Further, immediately after the lens holding cylinder 64, a relay lens L2 that is concentric with the lens support cylinder 62 and has the same diameter as the objective lens L1 is housed. The front surface of the relay lens L2 is in contact with the rear end surface of the lens pressing tube 64. In the vicinity of the rear end portion of the lens support tube 62, a pair of front and rear screw holes positioned at the same circumferential position as the screw holes into which the fixing screw B4 and the fixing screw B5 are screwed are formed. A fixing screw B6 is screwed into the hole. Then, the resin member B6a fixed to the lower ends of the front and rear fixing screws B6 presses the upper surface of the relay lens L2 downward, and the lower surface of the relay lens L2 is brought into contact with the bottom of the inner peripheral surface of the lens support cylinder 62, The relay lens L2 is fixed to the lens support tube 62.
Immediately after the relay lens L2, a lens abutment ring 66, which is an annular member having a slightly smaller diameter than the portion located in front of the female thread groove 67 on the inner peripheral surface of the lens support cylinder 62, is located. Further, a lens pressing ring 68 which is an annular member having a diameter larger than that of the lens contact ring 66 is screwed into the female thread groove 67 of the lens support cylinder 62. The lens pressing ring 68 presses the rear surface of the lens contact ring 66 forward, and the front surface of the lens contact ring 66 is in contact with the rear surface of the relay lens L2.
In this way, the objective lens L1 and the relay lens L2 that are smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of the lens support tube 62 and have the same outer diameter are used by using the fixing screw B4 and the fixing screw B5 that are positioned at the same circumferential position. Since it is made to contact the bottom part of the inner peripheral surface of the support cylinder 62, the objective lens L1 and the relay lens L2 are in a concentric state (a state in which both optical axes coincide). Furthermore, since the front surface of the lens contact ring 66 having a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the lens support cylinder 62 is brought into contact with the rear surface of the relay lens L2 using the lens pressing ring 68, the inner peripheral hole of the lens contact ring 66 is used. The front edge portion of the relay lens L2 can be reliably brought into contact with the rear surface of the relay lens L2.
A first rotary connection member (hard member) 70 that is a metal annular member concentric with the lens support tube 62 is fitted and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the lens support tube 62. The rear end surface of the first rotary connection member 70 is a plane orthogonal to the axis of the lens support tube 62. A pair of left and right arm pieces 71 project rearwardly at the rear end of the first rotation connection member 70, and coupling pins (rotation connection mechanisms) 72 that are coaxial with each other on the opposing surfaces of the left and right arm pieces 71. Is protruding. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, at the lower part of the first rotary connecting member 70, a metal operation wire W extending inside the operation unit 11 and the insertion unit 60 along the axis of the operation unit 11 and the insertion unit 60 is provided. The front end of is fixed. Although the operation wire W can be bent, it has high mechanical strength, so that it does not buckle inside the operation unit 11 and the insertion unit 60.
Further, a protective pipe 74 made of stainless steel or the like is fitted and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the lens support cylinder 62. Instead of the protective pipe 74, a heat shrinkable tube such as FEP may be covered. It is preferable to provide an O-ring R in the vicinity of both ends of the outer peripheral surface of the lens support tube 62 for more reliably maintaining watertightness (see FIG. 3).
Each member described above is a component of the tip portion 61.

次いで、屈曲部７５の構造について説明する。
屈曲部７５は、図８に示す断面形状であり前後方向に延びる金属製のレンズ支持枠（硬質部材）７６と、図８に示す断面形状でありレンズ支持枠７６と同じ長さである金属製の蓋部材７７と、を備えており、レンズ支持枠７６の上面に蓋部材７７を固定状態で被せることにより両者の間に断面略正方形の空間を形成している。この内部空間には、該内部空間と略同じ断面形状であるプリズムＰ１が収納してある。図３及び図８に示すように、レンズ支持枠７６の前端部近傍部と後端部近傍部における下部と左右両側部にはねじ孔が形成してあり、各ねじ孔には固定ねじＢ７が螺合してある。そして、各固定ねじＢ７がプリズムＰ１の下面と左右両側面に貼り付けたカバー板７８に押圧することにより、プリズムＰ１をレンズ支持枠７６に対して固定している。 Next, the structure of the bent portion 75 will be described.
The bent portion 75 has a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 8 and a metal lens support frame (hard member) 76 extending in the front-rear direction, and a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 8 and the same length as the lens support frame 76. The cover member 77 is provided, and the upper surface of the lens support frame 76 is covered with the cover member 77 in a fixed state, thereby forming a space having a substantially square cross section therebetween. In this internal space, a prism P1 having substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the internal space is accommodated. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, screw holes are formed in the lower and left and right sides of the lens support frame 76 in the vicinity of the front end portion and the vicinity of the rear end portion, and a fixing screw B7 is provided in each screw hole. It is screwed. Each fixing screw B7 presses the cover plate 78 attached to the lower surface and both the left and right side surfaces of the prism P1, thereby fixing the prism P1 to the lens support frame 76.

レンズ支持枠７６は前後対称形状であり、その前端部及び後端部の左右両側面には左右一対の連結用凹部（回転接続機構）７９が凹設してある。そして、第１の回転接続部材７０の左右の連結ピン７２が外側から前側の左右の連結用凹部７９にそれぞれ回転可能に嵌合しているので、レンズ支持枠７６及び蓋部材７７は第１の回転接続部材７０（先端部６１）に対して左右の連結ピン７２回りに回転可能である。
図３及び図１１に示すように、レンズ支持枠７６の前端面及び後端面の下半部は側面視においてレンズ支持枠７６と蓋部材７７の内部空間の軸線に対して傾斜する傾斜端面８０となっており、レンズ支持枠７６の前端面及び後端面の上半部はレンズ支持枠７６の軸線に対して直交する平面となっている。図３、図１１及び図１２に示すように、傾斜端面８０の下端部にはレンズ支持枠７６と蓋部材７７の内部空間の軸線と平行なねじ孔８１が形成してあり、ねじ孔８１には第１の調整ねじ８３が螺合している。第１の調整ねじ８３の頭部８４の周面には周方向に９０°間隔で４つの挿入孔８５が形成してあり、各挿入孔８５は頭部８４の内部において互いに連通している。
また、図７に示すように、レンズ支持枠７６の前端部と後端部の間の下面には、ねじ孔８１とは周方向位置を若干ずらして切欠部８６が形成してある。操作ワイヤＷにおける屈曲部７５内に位置する部分には操作ワイヤＷが摺動自在に挿入されるステンレス等からなる案内パイプ８８が設けてある。この案内パイプ８８は切欠部８６内に位置すると共にレンズ支持枠７６の前端部及び後端部の下端部に形成した貫通孔８７に接着等で固定されている。
さらに、レンズ支持枠７６及び蓋部材７７の外周面にはフッ素ゴム等からなる外皮チューブ８９が被せてあり、外皮チューブ８９の両端部は固定用糸Ｔ（図１１参照）で水密的に緊縛固定されている。なお、固定用糸Ｔの外周には緩み止めとして接着剤等を塗布しても良い。
以上説明した各部材が屈曲部７５の構成要素である。 The lens support frame 76 has a symmetrical shape, and a pair of left and right connecting recesses (rotating connection mechanisms) 79 are formed in the left and right side surfaces of the front end portion and the rear end portion. Since the left and right connecting pins 72 of the first rotary connecting member 70 are rotatably fitted to the left and right connecting recesses 79 from the outside to the front, the lens support frame 76 and the lid member 77 are the first. It can be rotated around the left and right connecting pins 72 with respect to the rotary connecting member 70 (tip portion 61).
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 11, the front end surface and the lower half of the rear end surface of the lens support frame 76 are inclined with respect to the axis line of the inner space of the lens support frame 76 and the lid member 77 in a side view. The upper half of the front end surface and the rear end surface of the lens support frame 76 is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the lens support frame 76. As shown in FIGS. 3, 11, and 12, a screw hole 81 parallel to the axis of the internal space of the lens support frame 76 and the lid member 77 is formed at the lower end portion of the inclined end surface 80. The first adjusting screw 83 is screwed. Four insertion holes 85 are formed in the circumferential surface of the head 84 of the first adjustment screw 83 at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction, and the respective insertion holes 85 communicate with each other inside the head 84.
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a notch 86 is formed on the lower surface between the front end and the rear end of the lens support frame 76 with a circumferential position slightly shifted from the screw hole 81. A guide pipe 88 made of stainless steel or the like into which the operation wire W is slidably inserted is provided in a portion of the operation wire W positioned in the bent portion 75. The guide pipe 88 is positioned in the notch 86 and is fixed to a through hole 87 formed at the front end and the lower end of the rear end of the lens support frame 76 by bonding or the like.
Furthermore, the outer peripheral surfaces of the lens support frame 76 and the lid member 77 are covered with a skin tube 89 made of fluoro rubber or the like, and both ends of the skin tube 89 are fixed tightly in a watertight manner with a fixing thread T (see FIG. 11). Has been. Note that an adhesive or the like may be applied to the outer periphery of the fixing thread T as a loosening stopper.
Each member described above is a component of the bent portion 75.

続いて、導中部９０の構造について説明する。
金属製の略円筒形状部材であるレンズ支持筒９１の内周面は断面円形であり、その後端部には雌ねじ溝９７が形成してある（図１５参照）。そして、レンズ支持筒９１の内周面の前端部と雌ねじ溝９７を除く部分の内径はレンズ支持筒６２の雌ねじ溝６７より前方に位置する部分の内径と同一である。
レンズ支持筒９１の内周面の前端部にはレンズ支持筒９１と同心をなす金属製の環状部材である第２の回転接続部材（硬質部材）９２が嵌合固定してある。第２の回転接続部材９２の前端面はレンズ支持筒９１の軸線に対して直交する平面である。また、第２の回転接続部材９２の前端面の左右両側部には腕片７１が前向きに突設してあり、左右の腕片７１の対向面には互いに同軸をなす連結ピン７２が突設してある。そして、この左右の連結ピン７２がレンズ支持枠７６の後端部に形成した左右の連結用凹部７９に回転可能に嵌合しているので、第２の回転接続部材９２及びレンズ支持筒９１は屈曲部７５に対して回転可能である。
レンズ支持筒９１の内部空間には、第２の回転接続部材９２の直後に位置させて第２の回転接続部材９２の内径より若干小径のレンズ押さえ環９４が配設してある。さらに、レンズ押さえ環９４の直後には自身の光軸を中心とする回転対称形状物であり、かつ、レンズ支持筒９１の（前端部と雌ねじ溝９７を除く部分の）内径より若干小径かつ対物レンズＬ１及びリレーレンズＬ２と外径が等しいリレーレンズＬ３が設けてある。レンズ支持筒９１の前端部近傍部分の上部には前後一対のねじ孔が同じ周方向位置に形成してあり、各ねじ孔に螺合した固定ねじＢ８の下端部に固定した樹脂部材がリレーレンズＬ３の上面を下方に押圧している。リレーレンズＬ３の下面はレンズ支持筒９１の内周面の底部に接触しているので、リレーレンズＬ３はレンズ支持筒９１の前端部に固定されている。
リレーレンズＬ３の直後にはレンズ支持筒９１と同心をなし、かつ、レンズ支持筒９１の中間部の内径より若干小径である金属製のレンズ押さえ筒９５が収納してあり、レンズ押さえ筒９５の前端面がリレーレンズＬ３の後面に接触している。図示は省略してあるが、レンズ支持筒９１の前後方向の中間部には、固定ねじＢ８が螺合するねじ孔と同じ周方向位置に位置する前後一対のねじ孔が穿設してあり、これらのねじ孔に固定ねじが螺合している。そして、前後の固定ねじの下端部に固定した樹脂部材がレンズ押さえ筒９５の上面を下方に押圧し、レンズ押さえ筒９５の下面をレンズ支持筒９１の内周面の底部に接触させているので、レンズ押さえ筒９５はレンズ支持筒９１に対して固定されている。
図１５に示すように、レンズ押さえ筒９５の直後にはリレーレンズＬ３と同じ形状であるリレーレンズＬ４が収納してあり、リレーレンズＬ４の前面はレンズ押さえ筒９５の後端面に接触している。レンズ支持筒９１の後端部近傍部には、固定ねじＢ８が螺合する各ねじ孔と同じ周方向位置に位置する前後一対のねじ孔が穿設してあり、これらのねじ孔に固定ねじＢ９が螺合している。そして、前後の固定ねじＢ９の下端部に固定した樹脂部材がリレーレンズＬ４の上面を下方に押圧し、リレーレンズＬ４の下面をレンズ支持筒９１の内周面の底部に接触させることにより、リレーレンズＬ４をレンズ支持筒９１に対して固定している。
リレーレンズＬ４の直後には、レンズ支持筒９１の内周面における雌ねじ溝９７より前方に位置する部分よりも若干小径の環状部材であるレンズ当付環９９が位置している。さらに、レンズ支持筒９１の雌ねじ溝９７には、レンズ当付環９９より大径の環状部材であるレンズ押さえ環１００が螺合している。レンズ押さえ環１００はレンズ当付環９９の後面を前方に押圧しており、レンズ当付環９９の前面がリレーレンズＬ４の後面に接触している。
このようにレンズ支持筒９１の内径より小径でありかつ互いの外径が同一であるリレーレンズＬ３とリレーレンズＬ４を、同じ周方向位置に位置する固定ねじＢ８と固定ねじＢ９を利用してレンズ支持筒９１の内周面の底部に接触させているので、リレーレンズＬ３とリレーレンズＬ４は互いに同心状態（光軸が一致する状態）となる。 Subsequently, the structure of the guiding middle portion 90 will be described.
The inner peripheral surface of the lens support tube 91, which is a substantially cylindrical member made of metal, has a circular cross section, and a female thread groove 97 is formed at the rear end thereof (see FIG. 15). The inner diameter of the portion excluding the front end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the lens support tube 91 and the female screw groove 97 is the same as the inner diameter of the portion located in front of the female screw groove 67 of the lens support tube 62.
A second rotary connection member (hard member) 92 that is a metal annular member concentric with the lens support tube 91 is fitted and fixed to the front end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the lens support tube 91. The front end surface of the second rotation connecting member 92 is a plane orthogonal to the axis of the lens support tube 91. In addition, arm pieces 71 project forward from the left and right sides of the front end surface of the second rotary connection member 92, and coupling pins 72 that are coaxial with each other project from the opposing surfaces of the left and right arm pieces 71. It is. Since the left and right connecting pins 72 are rotatably fitted in left and right connecting recesses 79 formed at the rear end of the lens support frame 76, the second rotary connecting member 92 and the lens support tube 91 are It can rotate with respect to the bent portion 75.
In the internal space of the lens support tube 91, a lens pressing ring 94 having a slightly smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the second rotation connection member 92 is disposed immediately after the second rotation connection member 92. Further, immediately after the lens pressing ring 94, it is a rotationally symmetric shape centered on its own optical axis, and is slightly smaller in diameter than the inner diameter (excluding the front end portion and the female thread groove 97) of the lens support tube 91 and the objective. A relay lens L3 having the same outer diameter as the lens L1 and the relay lens L2 is provided. A pair of front and rear screw holes are formed at the same circumferential position on the upper portion of the lens support tube 91 in the vicinity of the front end, and a resin member fixed to the lower end of a fixing screw B8 screwed into each screw hole is a relay lens. The upper surface of L3 is pressed downward. Since the lower surface of the relay lens L3 is in contact with the bottom of the inner peripheral surface of the lens support tube 91, the relay lens L3 is fixed to the front end portion of the lens support tube 91.
Immediately after the relay lens L3, a metal lens holding cylinder 95 which is concentric with the lens supporting cylinder 91 and is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the intermediate portion of the lens supporting cylinder 91 is housed. The front end surface is in contact with the rear surface of the relay lens L3. Although not shown, a pair of front and rear screw holes located at the same circumferential position as the screw hole into which the fixing screw B8 is screwed are formed in the middle part of the lens support tube 91 in the front and rear direction. Fixing screws are screwed into these screw holes. Since the resin member fixed to the lower ends of the front and rear fixing screws presses the upper surface of the lens pressing cylinder 95 downward, and the lower surface of the lens pressing cylinder 95 is in contact with the bottom of the inner peripheral surface of the lens support cylinder 91. The lens holding cylinder 95 is fixed to the lens support cylinder 91.
As shown in FIG. 15, a relay lens L4 having the same shape as the relay lens L3 is accommodated immediately after the lens pressing cylinder 95, and the front surface of the relay lens L4 is in contact with the rear end surface of the lens pressing cylinder 95. . In the vicinity of the rear end portion of the lens support tube 91, a pair of front and rear screw holes positioned at the same circumferential position as the screw holes into which the fixing screws B8 are screwed are formed. B9 is screwed. Then, the resin member fixed to the lower end portions of the front and rear fixing screws B9 presses the upper surface of the relay lens L4 downward, and the lower surface of the relay lens L4 is brought into contact with the bottom portion of the inner peripheral surface of the lens support tube 91, whereby the relay The lens L4 is fixed to the lens support tube 91.
Immediately after the relay lens L4, a lens contact ring 99, which is an annular member having a slightly smaller diameter than the portion positioned in front of the female thread groove 97 on the inner peripheral surface of the lens support tube 91, is located. Further, a lens pressing ring 100 which is an annular member having a diameter larger than that of the lens contact ring 99 is screwed into the female thread groove 97 of the lens support tube 91. The lens pressing ring 100 presses the rear surface of the lens contact ring 99 forward, and the front surface of the lens contact ring 99 is in contact with the rear surface of the relay lens L4.
As described above, the relay lens L3 and the relay lens L4, which are smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of the lens support tube 91 and have the same outer diameter, are obtained by using the fixing screw B8 and the fixing screw B9 positioned at the same circumferential position. Since they are in contact with the bottom of the inner peripheral surface of the support cylinder 91, the relay lens L3 and the relay lens L4 are in a concentric state (a state in which the optical axes coincide).

レンズ支持筒９１の前端部と後端部の下部における貫通孔８７と同じ周方向位置にはそれぞれ貫通孔１０１が穿設してあり、レンズ支持筒９１の前端部と後端部の下部の間は切欠部１０２となっている。操作ワイヤＷの導中部９０内部に位置する部分には、案内パイプ８８と同じ材質の案内パイプ１０４が設けられている。案内パイプ１０４の両端は、レンズ支持筒９１の前後に設けた貫通孔１０１に嵌合され、接着等で固定されている。
図１５に示すように、レンズ支持筒９１の外周面にはステンレス等からなる保護パイプ１０５が被せてあり、レンズ支持筒９１の外周面の後端部にはレンズ支持筒９１の軸線を中心とする環状部材である接続環１０６が嵌合固定してある。なお、保護パイプ１０５の両端近傍には、水密性を保持するために、シリコン等からなる充填剤を内部に塗布することが望ましい。また、保護パイプ１０５の代わりにＦＥＰ等からなる熱収縮チューブを被覆してもよい。
以上説明した各部材が導中部９０の構成要素である。
導中部９０は、接続環１０６を操作部１１のケース１２の前端開口部に嵌合固定することにより操作部１１の前端部に固定してある。そして、このようにして導中部９０を操作部１１に接続するとリレーレンズＬ３及びリレーレンズＬ４の光軸が調整レンズＬ５及び調整レンズＬ６の光軸と一致する。 Through holes 101 are formed at the same circumferential positions as the through holes 87 in the lower part of the front end part and the rear end part of the lens support cylinder 91, respectively, and between the front end part and the lower part of the rear end part of the lens support cylinder 91. Is a notch 102. A guide pipe 104 made of the same material as that of the guide pipe 88 is provided in a portion of the operation wire W located inside the guiding middle portion 90. Both ends of the guide pipe 104 are fitted into through-holes 101 provided at the front and rear of the lens support tube 91, and are fixed by adhesion or the like.
As shown in FIG. 15, the outer peripheral surface of the lens support tube 91 is covered with a protective pipe 105 made of stainless steel or the like, and the rear end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the lens support tube 91 is centered on the axis of the lens support tube 91. The connecting ring 106 which is an annular member is fitted and fixed. In addition, it is desirable to apply a filler made of silicon or the like in the vicinity of both ends of the protective pipe 105 in order to maintain water tightness. Further, instead of the protective pipe 105, a heat shrinkable tube made of FEP or the like may be covered.
Each member described above is a component of the guiding middle portion 90.
The guiding middle portion 90 is fixed to the front end portion of the operation portion 11 by fitting and fixing the connection ring 106 to the front end opening portion of the case 12 of the operation portion 11. When the guiding center 90 is connected to the operation unit 11 in this way, the optical axes of the relay lens L3 and the relay lens L4 coincide with the optical axes of the adjustment lens L5 and the adjustment lens L6.

以上構造の硬性鏡１０は次のように動作する。
第１の固定ねじ３５を緩めることにより第１の固定ねじ３５の先端を第１の移動環２３から離間させると、第１の移動環２３がスライド可能となる。従って、この状態で第１の調整環１４を正面視で（先端側から見たときに）時計方向に回転させれば、圧縮コイルばねＳ１の付勢力によってカム溝１６のカム面１７に当接したカムピン２４（回転リング２５）が直進案内溝２０に沿って後方に移動するので、ケース１２の内部において操作ワイヤＷの基端部が第１の移動環２３と一緒に後方に移動する。
逆に、第１の調整環１４を正面視で（先端側から見たときに）反時計方向に回転させると、カム溝１６のカム面１７から力を受けたカムピン２４（回転リング２５）が直進案内溝２０に沿って前方に移動するので、ケース１２の内部において操作ワイヤＷの基端部が第１の移動環２３と一緒に圧縮コイルばねＳ１の付勢力に抗して前方に移動する。すると、操作ワイヤＷの先端部が第１の回転接続部材７０をレンズ支持枠７６に対して連結ピン７２を中心とするＤ１方向（図１３及び図１４を参照）に回転付勢するので、第１の回転接続部材７０はその後端面がレンズ支持枠７６の前端面の上半部に当接する図１３の位置まで回転する。すると、先端部６１と屈曲部７５が同軸をなし両者が同一直線状に並ぶ（図１参照）。
さらに、操作ワイヤＷの移動力が先端部６１を介して屈曲部７５に伝わるので、屈曲部７５のレンズ支持枠７６の後端部が導中部９０の第２の回転接続部材９２に対して第２の回転接続部材９２の連結ピン７２回りにＤ１と同じ方向に回転し、レンズ支持枠７６の後端面の上半部が第２の回転接続部材９２の前端面の上半部に接触するまで回転する。すると、屈曲部７５と導中部９０が同軸をなし両者が同一直線状に並ぶので（図１参照）、挿入部６０は先端部６１、屈曲部７５及び導中部９０が同一線状に並び、かつ、レンズ支持筒６２、レンズ支持筒９１及び第２の移動環４０が同軸状態となる直線状態（図１の状態）となる。挿入部６０が直線状態となった後に第１の固定ねじ３５を回転させることにより第１の固定ねじ３５の先端を第１の移動環２３に圧接すれば、第１の移動環２３のスライド動作が規制されるので、挿入部６０は直線状態に保持される。この場合、対物レンズＬ１、リレーレンズＬ２、リレーレンズＬ３、リレーレンズＬ４、調整レンズＬ５及び調整レンズＬ６の光軸は同一直線上に位置するが、プリズムＰ１とドーブプリズムＰ２は直前に位置するレンズを透過した観察像を直後に位置するレンズに導光できないので、フルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２は対物レンズＬ１が観察した観察像を撮像することはできない。 The rigid endoscope 10 having the above structure operates as follows.
When the tip of the first fixing screw 35 is separated from the first moving ring 23 by loosening the first fixing screw 35, the first moving ring 23 can slide. Therefore, if the first adjustment ring 14 is rotated in the clockwise direction when viewed from the front in this state (when viewed from the front end side), it is brought into contact with the cam surface 17 of the cam groove 16 by the urging force of the compression coil spring S1. Since the cam pin 24 (the rotating ring 25) moves rearward along the straight guide groove 20, the base end portion of the operation wire W moves rearward together with the first moving ring 23 inside the case 12.
Conversely, when the first adjustment ring 14 is rotated counterclockwise in a front view (when viewed from the front end side), the cam pin 24 (rotating ring 25) that receives a force from the cam surface 17 of the cam groove 16 is obtained. Since it moves forward along the rectilinear guide groove 20, the proximal end portion of the operation wire W moves forward together with the first moving ring 23 against the urging force of the compression coil spring S 1 inside the case 12. . Then, the distal end portion of the operation wire W urges the first rotation connecting member 70 to rotate in the direction D1 (see FIGS. 13 and 14) about the connecting pin 72 with respect to the lens support frame 76. The rotational connection member 70 of 1 rotates to the position of FIG. 13 where the rear end surface abuts on the upper half of the front end surface of the lens support frame 76. Then, the front-end | tip part 61 and the bending part 75 are coaxial, and both line up in the same straight line form (refer FIG. 1).
Further, since the moving force of the operation wire W is transmitted to the bent portion 75 via the distal end portion 61, the rear end portion of the lens support frame 76 of the bent portion 75 is the second rotation connecting member 92 of the guiding middle portion 90. Rotate in the same direction as D 1 around the connecting pin 72 of the second rotary connecting member 92 until the upper half of the rear end surface of the lens support frame 76 contacts the upper half of the front end surface of the second rotary connecting member 92. Rotate. Then, since the bent portion 75 and the guiding middle portion 90 are coaxial and both are aligned in the same straight line (see FIG. 1), the insertion portion 60 has the distal end portion 61, the bending portion 75, and the guiding middle portion 90 aligned in the same linear shape, and The lens support cylinder 62, the lens support cylinder 91, and the second moving ring 40 are in a straight line state (the state shown in FIG. 1) in which they are coaxial. If the distal end of the first fixing screw 35 is pressed against the first moving ring 23 by rotating the first fixing screw 35 after the insertion portion 60 is in a linear state, the sliding movement of the first moving ring 23 is performed. Therefore, the insertion portion 60 is held in a straight line state. In this case, the optical axes of the objective lens L1, the relay lens L2, the relay lens L3, the relay lens L4, the adjustment lens L5, and the adjustment lens L6 are positioned on the same straight line, but the prism P1 and the dove prism P2 are positioned immediately before. Therefore, the full-spec Hi-Vision 3CCD camera 52 cannot pick up the observation image observed by the objective lens L1.

一方、第１の固定ねじ３５を緩めた上で前述のように第１の調整環１４を正面視で時計方向に回転させると、第１の移動環２３が圧縮コイルばねＳ１の付勢力を受けながら後方に移動する。すると、操作ワイヤＷの先端部が先端部６１の第１の回転接続部材７０を屈曲部７５のレンズ支持枠７６に対して図１３及び図１４のＤ２方向に回転付勢するので、第１の回転接続部材７０はその後端面の下半部がレンズ支持枠７６の前端部に固定した第１の調整ねじ８３の頭部８４に当接する図１４の位置まで回転する。さらに、操作ワイヤＷの移動力が先端部６１を介して屈曲部７５に伝わるので、屈曲部７５が導中部９０に対してＤ２と同じ方向に回転し、レンズ支持枠７６の後端側の第１の調整ねじ８３の頭部８４が第２の回転接続部材９２の前端面の下半部に当接する。導中部９０がこのような屈曲状態（図２の状態）になると、対物レンズＬ１及びリレーレンズＬ２の光軸とリレーレンズＬ３及びリレーレンズＬ４の光軸と調整レンズＬ５及び調整レンズＬ６の光軸は同一直線上に並ばなくなる。しかし、対物レンズＬ１及びリレーレンズＬ２を透過した観察像はプリズムＰ１によって一度反転させられた後にリレーレンズＬ３及びリレーレンズＬ４を透過し、さらに調整レンズＬ５を透過した後にドーブプリズムＰ２によって左右反転させられて調整レンズＬ６を透過するので、フルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２は元の状態で観察像を撮像可能になる。
第２の調整環４７をケース１２に対して回転させながらケース１２に対して前方または後方に移動させると、環状段部４８から力を受けたカムピン４２（回転リング４３）が直進案内溝４５に沿って前後動するので、第２の移動環４０がケース１２の内部を前後動する。すると、第２の移動環４０によって支持された調整レンズＬ５、ドーブプリズムＰ２、及び調整レンズＬ６の位置が変化するので最良ピント位置の調整が行われる。 On the other hand, when the first adjusting ring 14 is rotated clockwise as viewed from the front after the first fixing screw 35 is loosened, the first moving ring 23 receives the urging force of the compression coil spring S1. While moving backwards. Then, the distal end portion of the operation wire W urges the first rotation connecting member 70 of the distal end portion 61 to rotate in the direction D2 in FIGS. 13 and 14 with respect to the lens support frame 76 of the bent portion 75. The rotary connecting member 70 rotates to the position of FIG. 14 where the lower half of the rear end face abuts on the head 84 of the first adjustment screw 83 fixed to the front end of the lens support frame 76. Further, since the moving force of the operation wire W is transmitted to the bent portion 75 via the distal end portion 61, the bent portion 75 rotates in the same direction as D 2 with respect to the guiding middle portion 90, and the second end on the rear end side of the lens support frame 76. The head 84 of the first adjusting screw 83 contacts the lower half of the front end surface of the second rotary connecting member 92. When the guiding middle portion 90 is in such a bent state (the state shown in FIG. 2), the optical axes of the objective lens L1 and the relay lens L2, the optical axes of the relay lens L3 and the relay lens L4, and the optical axes of the adjusting lens L5 and the adjusting lens L6. Will not line up on the same straight line. However, the observation image transmitted through the objective lens L1 and the relay lens L2 is inverted once by the prism P1, then transmitted through the relay lens L3 and the relay lens L4, and further transmitted through the adjustment lens L5 and then reversed left and right by the dove prism P2. Then, since the adjustment lens L6 is transmitted, the full-spec Hi-Vision 3CCD camera 52 can capture an observation image in its original state.
When the second adjusting ring 47 is moved forward or backward with respect to the case 12 while rotating with respect to the case 12, the cam pin 42 (rotating ring 43) that receives the force from the annular step portion 48 is formed in the rectilinear guide groove 45. Accordingly, the second moving ring 40 moves back and forth within the case 12. Then, since the positions of the adjustment lens L5, the dove prism P2, and the adjustment lens L6 supported by the second moving ring 40 change, the best focus position is adjusted.

次に、硬性鏡１０を親内視鏡１１０と一緒に使用する要領について主に図２２から図２５を用いて説明する。
図２２から図２５に示す親内視鏡１１０は、硬性鏡１０より大型かつ挿入部１１１が硬性鏡１０の挿入部６０より大径である腹腔鏡である。挿入部１１１の先端部近傍分である湾曲部１１２は、親内視鏡１１０の操作部（図示略）に設けた湾曲操作レバーの回転操作によって湾曲する。図２２及び図２３に示すように、挿入部１１１の内部には挿入部６０より僅かに径が大きい処置具挿通管路１１３が形成してある。図示は省略してあるが、挿入部１１１には他にも複数の処置具挿通管路が存在する。
硬性鏡１０を親内視鏡１１０に挿入するには、まず親内視鏡１１０の挿入部１１１を直線状態にした上で、硬性鏡１０の第１の調整環１４を反時計方向いっぱいまで回転させて第１の固定ねじ３５によって直線状態を保持した硬性鏡１０の挿入部６０を親内視鏡１１０の処置具挿通管路１１３に挿入し、先端部６１を挿入部１１１の先端から突出させる（図２４参照）。さらに、親内視鏡１１０の他の処置具挿通管路に別の処置具１１５、処置具１１６を挿入する。
次いで、硬性鏡１０の第１の固定ねじ３５を緩めて第１の固定ねじ３５の先端部を第１の移動環２３から離間させ、第１の調整環１４を時計方向に回転させると、圧縮コイルばねＳ１の付勢力によって第１の移動環２３が操作部１１の基端側にスライドしようとする。しかし、直線状態にある挿入部１１１の処置具挿通管路１１３内に位置している挿入部６０は処置具挿通管路１１３の内面によって屈曲状態への変形が規制されているので、この状態では挿入部６０が屈曲状態に変形することはない。しかし、図２５に示すように挿入部１１１（湾曲部１１２）を挿入部６０の屈曲形状に合わせて湾曲させると、圧縮コイルばねＳ１の付勢力によって操作部１１の基端側に引っ張られた操作ワイヤＷの牽引力によって挿入部６０が処置具挿通管路１１３の湾曲状態に合わせて屈曲状態に移行する。この後に第１の固定ねじ３５によって第１の移動環２３の位置及び第１の調整環１４の回転位置を固定すれば、挿入部６０は屈曲状態に保持される。さらに、挿入部６０の対物レンズＬ１が観察した観察像をフルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２が撮像し、撮像した画像が上記ハイビジョンテレビモニタに映し出される。
従って、患者Ａの腹部にあけた孔Ａ１を通して親内視鏡１１０の挿入部１１１の先端部を患者Ａの体内に挿入し、硬性鏡１０の対物レンズＬ１が観察した患部Ｘの観察像をフルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２で撮像すれば、術者はテレビモニタにハイビジョン画像として映し出された患部Ｘを観察しながら患部Ｘの処置を行なうことができる。 Next, the point of using the rigid endoscope 10 together with the parent endoscope 110 will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.
The parent endoscope 110 shown in FIGS. 22 to 25 is a laparoscope having a larger size than the rigid endoscope 10 and a larger diameter of the insertion portion 111 than the insertion portion 60 of the rigid endoscope 10. The bending portion 112 that is the vicinity of the distal end portion of the insertion portion 111 is bent by a rotation operation of a bending operation lever provided in an operation portion (not shown) of the parent endoscope 110. As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, a treatment instrument insertion conduit 113 having a slightly larger diameter than the insertion portion 60 is formed inside the insertion portion 111. Although not shown, the insertion portion 111 has a plurality of other treatment instrument insertion conduits.
In order to insert the rigid endoscope 10 into the parent endoscope 110, first, the insertion portion 111 of the parent endoscope 110 is linearized, and then the first adjustment ring 14 of the rigid endoscope 10 is rotated to the full counterclockwise direction. Then, the insertion portion 60 of the rigid endoscope 10 that is kept in a straight state by the first fixing screw 35 is inserted into the treatment instrument insertion conduit 113 of the parent endoscope 110, and the distal end portion 61 is protruded from the distal end of the insertion portion 111. (See FIG. 24). Further, another treatment tool 115 and a treatment tool 116 are inserted into another treatment tool insertion conduit of the parent endoscope 110.
Next, the first fixing screw 35 of the rigid endoscope 10 is loosened so that the distal end portion of the first fixing screw 35 is separated from the first moving ring 23, and the first adjusting ring 14 is rotated in the clockwise direction. The first moving ring 23 tends to slide toward the proximal end side of the operation portion 11 by the biasing force of the coil spring S1. However, since the insertion portion 60 located in the treatment instrument insertion conduit 113 of the insertion portion 111 in the straight state is restricted to the bending state by the inner surface of the treatment instrument insertion conduit 113, in this state, The insertion part 60 does not deform into a bent state. However, as shown in FIG. 25, when the insertion portion 111 (the bending portion 112) is bent in accordance with the bent shape of the insertion portion 60, the operation pulled toward the proximal end side of the operation portion 11 by the urging force of the compression coil spring S1. Due to the traction force of the wire W, the insertion portion 60 shifts to a bent state in accordance with the curved state of the treatment instrument insertion conduit 113. After that, if the position of the first moving ring 23 and the rotational position of the first adjusting ring 14 are fixed by the first fixing screw 35, the insertion portion 60 is held in a bent state. Further, the full-spec high-vision 3CCD camera 52 captures an observation image observed by the objective lens L1 of the insertion unit 60, and the captured image is displayed on the high-definition television monitor.
Therefore, the distal end portion of the insertion portion 111 of the parent endoscope 110 is inserted into the body of the patient A through the hole A1 formed in the abdomen of the patient A, and the observation image of the affected portion X observed by the objective lens L1 of the rigid endoscope 10 is full. If the spec Hi-Vision 3CCD camera 52 takes an image, the surgeon can treat the affected area X while observing the affected area X displayed as a high-definition image on the television monitor.

硬性鏡１０の親内視鏡１１０からの抜去作業は、上記挿入手順と逆の手順によって行うことが可能である。
なお、親内視鏡１１０の挿入部１１１を患者Ａの体内に挿入した状態で硬性鏡１０を親内視鏡１１０から緊急に引き抜きたい場合は、はじめに第１の固定ねじ３５を緩めて第１の移動環２３をスライド可能な状態にする。次に親内視鏡１１０の挿入部１１１を直線状態にすると、硬性鏡１０の先端部６１及び屈曲部７５は、親内視鏡１１０に合わせて直線状態になろうとする。このときカムピン２４（回転リング２５）は、直進案内溝２０に沿って、圧縮コイルばねＳ１の付勢力に抗してカム面１７から離間し、カム溝１６内を前方へ移動する。そのため、挿入部６０が直線状態に変形可能となり、挿入部６０を親内視鏡１１０から体外に引き抜くことができる。この場合、第１の調整環１４を反時計方向に回して挿入部６０を完全に直線状態にした上で第１の固定ねじ３５によって挿入部６０の直線状態を固定すればより確実に引き抜くことが可能になる。 The removal operation of the rigid endoscope 10 from the parent endoscope 110 can be performed by a procedure reverse to the above insertion procedure.
When the rigid endoscope 10 is urgently pulled out from the parent endoscope 110 with the insertion portion 111 of the parent endoscope 110 inserted into the body of the patient A, the first fixing screw 35 is first loosened first. The movable ring 23 is made slidable. Next, when the insertion portion 111 of the parent endoscope 110 is in a straight state, the distal end portion 61 and the bent portion 75 of the rigid endoscope 10 tend to be in a straight state in accordance with the parent endoscope 110. At this time, the cam pin 24 (rotating ring 25) moves away from the cam surface 17 along the straight guide groove 20 against the urging force of the compression coil spring S1, and moves forward in the cam groove 16. Therefore, the insertion portion 60 can be deformed into a linear state, and the insertion portion 60 can be pulled out of the body from the parent endoscope 110. In this case, if the first adjustment ring 14 is turned counterclockwise so that the insertion portion 60 is in a completely linear state, and the linear state of the insertion portion 60 is fixed by the first fixing screw 35, the extraction is more reliably performed. Is possible.

また、例えばカム溝１６、直進案内溝２０、カムピン２４、及び回転リング２５からなるカム機構が故障した場合は、第１の調整環１４によって挿入部６０を直線状態と屈曲状態に切り替えることが出来なくなる。仮に挿入部１１１及び挿入部６０を湾曲（屈曲）状態で患者Ａの体内に挿入したときに上記カム機構が故障してしまうと、挿入部６０を親内視鏡１１０から抜去できなくなったり、挿入部１１１を直線状態に復帰できなくなってしまう。
このような場合は、図２６に示すようにケース１２の貫通孔３１から栓部材３３を取り除いた後に、貫通孔３１を通して棒状部材である強制スライド用部材１２０の係合ピン１２１をケース１２の内部に挿入する。そして、係合ピン１２１を第１の移動環２３の係合孔２８に係合し、強制スライド用部材１２０を貫通孔３１内において前方にスライドさせる。すると、強制スライド用部材１２０の力によって第１の移動環２３が圧縮コイルばねＳ１の付勢力に抗して前方にスライドするので、挿入部６０を直線状態に戻すことが可能である。
一方、貫通孔３１に栓部材３３を装着する場合は、貫通孔３１を通してケース１２の内部に外部の水分が侵入するのを防止できる。 For example, when the cam mechanism including the cam groove 16, the straight guide groove 20, the cam pin 24, and the rotating ring 25 fails, the insertion portion 60 can be switched between the linear state and the bent state by the first adjustment ring 14. Disappear. If the cam mechanism breaks down when the insertion portion 111 and the insertion portion 60 are inserted into the body of the patient A in a curved (bent) state, the insertion portion 60 cannot be removed from the parent endoscope 110 or inserted. The part 111 cannot be returned to the linear state.
In such a case, as shown in FIG. 26, after removing the plug member 33 from the through hole 31 of the case 12, the engaging pin 121 of the forced slide member 120 that is a rod-like member is inserted into the case 12 through the through hole 31. Insert into. Then, the engaging pin 121 is engaged with the engaging hole 28 of the first moving ring 23, and the forced sliding member 120 is slid forward in the through hole 31. Then, the first moving ring 23 slides forward against the urging force of the compression coil spring S1 by the force of the forced sliding member 120, so that the insertion portion 60 can be returned to the linear state.
On the other hand, when the plug member 33 is attached to the through hole 31, it is possible to prevent external moisture from entering the case 12 through the through hole 31.

以上説明したように本実施形態の硬性鏡１０は挿入部６０を直線状態と屈曲状態とに切り替えることにより親内視鏡１１０の処置具挿通管路１１３に容易に挿入でき、親内視鏡１１０の挿入部１１１を湾曲させた状態で使用できる（フルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２が観察像を撮像できる）。 As described above, the rigid endoscope 10 of the present embodiment can be easily inserted into the treatment instrument insertion conduit 113 of the parent endoscope 110 by switching the insertion portion 60 between the linear state and the bent state. Can be used in a curved state (the full-spec Hi-Vision 3 CCD camera 52 can capture an observation image).

さらに、ねじ孔８１に対する第１の調整ねじ８３の螺合量を調整することにより、屈曲状態における挿入部６０の屈曲角度を調整できる。そのため、屈曲状態における対物レンズＬ１、リレーレンズＬ２、プリズムＰ１、リレーレンズＬ３、リレーレンズＬ４の位置関係を最適な状態にすることができるので、フルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２のピント状態を最適な状態にすることができる。
しかも、図１２に示すように、先端部６１、屈曲部７５及び導中部９０を連結し、かつ、屈曲部７５に外皮チューブ８９を被せない状態において、棒状部材である回転角度調整部材１１８を側方から頭部８４の挿入孔８５に挿入し、回転角度調整部材１１８によって頭部８４を第１の調整ねじ８３の軸線回りに回転させれば、ねじ孔８１に対する第１の調整ねじ８３の螺合量調整を行える。そのため、第１の調整ねじ８３の螺合量調整は簡単に行うことができる。 Furthermore, by adjusting the screwing amount of the first adjustment screw 83 to the screw hole 81, the bending angle of the insertion portion 60 in the bent state can be adjusted. Therefore, since the positional relationship among the objective lens L1, the relay lens L2, the prism P1, the relay lens L3, and the relay lens L4 in the bent state can be optimized, the focus state of the full-spec Hi-Vision 3 CCD camera 52 can be optimized. Can be.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, the rotation angle adjusting member 118, which is a rod-shaped member, is connected to the side when the distal end portion 61, the bent portion 75, and the guiding middle portion 90 are connected and the bent portion 75 is not covered with the outer tube 89. If the head 84 is rotated about the axis of the first adjustment screw 83 by the rotation angle adjusting member 118, the first adjustment screw 83 is screwed into the screw hole 81. The total amount can be adjusted. Therefore, the screwing amount adjustment of the first adjustment screw 83 can be easily performed.

以上、本発明について上記各実施形態を利用して説明したが、本発明は様々な変更を施しながら実施可能である。
例えば、上記実施形態では挿入部６０の２箇所に連結ピン７２と連結用凹部７９からなる屈曲機構を設けたが、屈曲機構の数は一つでも３つ以上の複数であってもよい。
図２７及び図２８は挿入部６０の４箇所に屈曲機構を設けた例である。この例の挿入部６０は、先端部６１と導中部９０の間に３つの屈曲部１２５、１２６、１２７を備えている。屈曲部１２５はプリズムＰ１を具備し、屈曲部１２６はリレーレンズＬＭ１を具備し、屈曲部１２７はプリズムＰＭ１を具備している（操作部１１にはドーブプリズムＰ２を設けない）。この例では図２８の屈曲状態となったときにフルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２が観察像を撮像可能になる。
図２９及び図３０は挿入部６０の６箇所に屈曲機構を設けた例である。この例の挿入部６０は、先端部６１と導中部９０の間に５つの屈曲部１２５、１２６、１２７、１２８、１２９を備えている。屈曲部１２５はプリズムＰ１を具備し、屈曲部１２６はリレーレンズＬＭ１を具備し、屈曲部１２７はプリズムＰＭ１を具備し、屈曲部１２８はリレーレンズＬＭ２を具備し、屈曲部１２９はプリズムＰＭ２を具備している（この場合は操作部１１にドーブプリズムＰ２を設ける）。この例では図３０の屈曲状態となったときにフルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２が観察像を撮像可能になる。 As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated using said each embodiment, this invention can be implemented, giving various changes.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the bending mechanism including the connection pin 72 and the connection recess 79 is provided at two positions of the insertion portion 60, but the number of the bending mechanisms may be one or more than three.
27 and 28 are examples in which bending mechanisms are provided at four locations of the insertion portion 60. The insertion portion 60 in this example includes three bent portions 125, 126, and 127 between the distal end portion 61 and the guiding middle portion 90. The bent portion 125 includes the prism P1, the bent portion 126 includes the relay lens LM1, and the bent portion 127 includes the prism PM1 (the operation unit 11 is not provided with the dove prism P2). In this example, the full-spec Hi-Vision 3CCD camera 52 can capture an observation image when the bent state shown in FIG.
29 and 30 are examples in which bending mechanisms are provided at six locations of the insertion portion 60. The insertion portion 60 in this example includes five bent portions 125, 126, 127, 128, and 129 between the distal end portion 61 and the guiding middle portion 90. The bent portion 125 includes a prism P1, the bent portion 126 includes a relay lens LM1, the bent portion 127 includes a prism PM1, the bent portion 128 includes a relay lens LM2, and the bent portion 129 includes a prism PM2. (In this case, a dove prism P2 is provided in the operation unit 11). In this example, the full-spec Hi-Vision 3CCD camera 52 can capture an observation image when the bent state shown in FIG.

さらに、操作部１１の回転環５１にフルスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ５２ではなく通常の撮像素子（撮像手段）や接眼レンズ（接眼部）を設けても良い。
また、挿入孔８５を（各挿入孔８５が互いに連通しない）挿入用凹部としたり、係合孔２８を（第１の移動環２３を貫通しない）係合凹部として実施してもよい。 Furthermore, instead of the full-spec HDTV 3CCD camera 52, a normal imaging element (imaging means) or an eyepiece (eyepiece) may be provided on the rotary ring 51 of the operation unit 11.
Alternatively, the insertion hole 85 may be an insertion recess (the insertion holes 85 do not communicate with each other), or the engagement hole 28 may be an engagement recess (not penetrating the first moving ring 23).

１０硬性鏡
１１操作部
１２ケース
１４第１の調整環（操作手段）（調整環）
１５カム環
１６カム溝（カム機構）
１７カム面
１８環状凹部
２０直進案内溝（カム機構）（操作手段）
２３第１の移動環（移動部材）（操作手段）
２４カムピン（カム機構）（操作手段）
２５回転リング（カム機構）（操作手段）
２７ワイヤ固定部材
２８係合孔
３１貫通孔
３３栓部材
３４ねじ孔
３５第１の固定ねじ（保持手段）
４０第２の移動環
４２カムピン
４３回転リング
４５直進案内溝
４７第２の調整環
４８環状段部
５０支持環
５１回転環
５２フルハイスペックハイビジョン３ＣＣＤカメラ（撮像手段）
５３ねじ孔
５４第２の固定ねじ
６０挿入部
６１先端部
６２レンズ支持筒
６４レンズ押さえ筒
６６レンズ当付環
６７雌ねじ溝
６８レンズ押さえ環
７０第１の回転接続部材（硬質部材）
７１腕片
７２連結ピン（回転接続機構）
７４保護パイプ
７５屈曲部
７６レンズ支持枠（硬質部材）
７７蓋部材
７８カバー板
７９連結用凹部（回転接続機構）
８０傾斜端面
８１ねじ孔
８３第１の調整ねじ
８４頭部
８５挿入孔
８６切欠部
８７貫通孔
８８案内パイプ
８９外皮チューブ
９０導中部
９１レンズ支持筒
９２第２の回転接続部材（硬質部材）
９４レンズ押さえ環
９５レンズ押さえ筒
９７雌ねじ溝
９９レンズ当付環
１００レンズ押さえ環
１０１貫通孔
１０２切欠部
１０４案内パイプ
１０５保護パイプ
１０６接続環
１１０親内視鏡
１１１挿入部
１１２湾曲部
１１３処置具挿通管路
１１５１１６処置具
１１８回転角度調整部材
１２０強制スライド用部材
１２１係合ピン
１２５１２６１２７１２８１２９屈曲部
Ａ患者
Ａ１孔
Ｌ１対物レンズ
Ｌ２Ｌ３Ｌ４ＬＭ１ＬＭ２リレーレンズ（光学部品）（リレーレンズ系）
Ｌ５Ｌ６調整レンズ（光学部品）（リレーレンズ系）
Ｐ１ＰＭ１ＰＭ２プリズム（光学部品）（リレーレンズ系）
Ｐ２プリズム（光学部品）（リレーレンズ系）
Ｂ１Ｂ２Ｂ３Ｂ４Ｂ５Ｂ６Ｂ７Ｂ８Ｂ９固定ねじ
Ｓ１Ｓ２圧縮コイルばね
Ｗ操作ワイヤ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rigid endoscope 11 Operation part 12 Case 14 1st adjustment ring (operation means) (adjustment ring)
15 Cam ring 16 Cam groove (Cam mechanism)
17 Cam surface 18 Annular recess 20 Straight guide groove (cam mechanism) (operating means)
23 First moving ring (moving member) (operating means)
24 Cam pin (cam mechanism) (operating means)
25 Rotating ring (cam mechanism) (operating means)
27 Wire fixing member 28 Engagement hole 31 Through hole 33 Plug member 34 Screw hole 35 First fixing screw (holding means)
40 Second moving ring 42 Cam pin 43 Rotating ring 45 Straight guide groove 47 Second adjusting ring 48 Annular step 50 Support ring 51 Rotating ring 52 Full high-spec Hi-Vision 3 CCD camera (imaging means)
53 Screw hole 54 Second fixing screw 60 Insertion section 61 Tip section 62 Lens support cylinder 64 Lens pressing cylinder 66 Lens abutting ring 67 Female thread groove 68 Lens pressing ring 70 First rotation connecting member (hard member)
71 Arm piece 72 Connecting pin (rotary connection mechanism)
74 Protective pipe 75 Bent part 76 Lens support frame (hard member)
77 Lid member 78 Cover plate 79 Recess for connection (rotary connection mechanism)
80 inclined end surface 81 screw hole 83 first adjustment screw 84 head 85 insertion hole 86 notch 87 through hole 88 guide pipe 89 outer tube 90 guiding center 91 lens support tube 92 second rotation connecting member (hard member)
94 Lens retainer ring 95 Lens retainer tube 97 Female thread groove 99 Lens contact ring 100 Lens retainer ring 101 Through hole 102 Notch 104 Guide pipe 105 Protective pipe 106 Connection ring 110 Parent endoscope 111 Insertion part 112 Curved part 113 Treatment tool insertion Pipe line 115 116 Treatment tool 118 Rotation angle adjustment member 120 Forced slide member 121 Engagement pin 125 126 127 128 129 Bending portion A Patient A1 Hole L1 Objective lens L2 L3 L4 LM1 LM2 Relay lens (optical component) (relay lens system)
L5 L6 Adjustment lens (optical component) (relay lens system)
P1 PM1 PM2 Prism (optical component) (relay lens system)
P2 prism (optical component) (relay lens system)
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 Fixing screw S1 S2 Compression coil spring W Operation wire

Claims

An operation unit and an insertion unit extending from the operation unit;
An objective lens provided at the tip of the insertion portion;
An imaging means for capturing an image transmitted through the objective lens, or an eyepiece capable of observing the image, provided in the operation unit;
At least one bending mechanism provided in the intermediate portion of the insertion portion, for switching the intermediate portion between a linear state and a bent state;
When the intermediate part built in the operation part and the insertion part is in the linear state, the observation image transmitted through the objective lens cannot be guided to the imaging means or the eyepiece part, and is in the bent state. Sometimes a relay lens system consisting of a plurality of optical components that can guide light,
Operating means for operating the bending mechanism provided in the operating unit;
A holding means for holding the bending mechanism in the linear state or the bent state provided in the operation unit;
A rigid endoscope comprising:

The rigid endoscope according to claim 1, wherein
An adjusting ring in which the operating means rotates around the axis of the operating unit, a moving member built in the operating unit that can reciprocate in the axial direction, and a rotational movement of the adjusting ring to rotate the axis of the moving member A cam mechanism for converting to directional motion,
A rigid endoscope in which the moving member and the bending mechanism are linked by an operation wire that transmits the movement of the moving member to the bending mechanism.

The rigid endoscope according to claim 2, wherein
Drill a through hole in the case of the operation part,
A rigid mirror in which an engaging hole or an engaging concave portion in which an end of a forced sliding member inserted into the case through the through hole is engageable is formed in the moving member.

The rigid endoscope according to claim 3, wherein
A rigid mirror in which the plug member is detachably fitted to the through hole in a watertight state.

The rigid endoscope according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The bending mechanism includes two hard members arranged in the axial direction of the rigid mirror, and a rotary connection mechanism that connects the two hard members so as to be rotatable around an axis orthogonal to the axial direction of the rigid mirror. ,
A screw hole parallel to the axial direction of the rigid endoscope is formed on one of the pair of opposed end faces of the two hard members,
A rigid endoscope in which, when the intermediate portion is in the bent state, an adjustment screw with which the other opposed end surface contacts the head is screwed into the screw hole.

The rigid endoscope according to claim 5, wherein
A rigid mirror having an insertion recess or an insertion hole into which a rotation angle adjustment member can be inserted on a peripheral surface of the head of the adjustment screw.