JP2010149152A - Metallic mold mechanism, manufacturing method, and component with multi-directional axis - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem in which simplification of manufacturing process can not be attained without degrading accuracy of complete roundness of axes, in manufacturing a metallic component with a multi-directional axis having radially extended axes. <P>SOLUTION: The metallic mold mechanism for manufacturing a metallic component with a multi-directional axis having radially extended axes includes a plurality of metallic molds 2 for forming axes and a mold clamping means for simultaneously moving the molds 2 in the mold clamping direction. Each mold 2 is provided with a divided tapered part 2A at both ends in the front view with the mold clamping direction in the front and an axis forming hole part 2C forming the axis part in the center in the front view, with a tapered part 2D for demonstrating a blocking force in the molds 2 installed in the lower part in the back view with the mold releasing direction in the back. According to the invention, the axis forming hole is free from flashes since it is blocked in the part other than the flow-in part of a material, with out-of-roundness of the axial cross section made higher as the molds are blocked simultaneously; therefore, post processing after forging can be eliminated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a metal mold and a manufacturing method capable of simplifying the process of a metal multi-directional shaft component having radially extending shaft portions without reducing product accuracy, and a multi-directional shaft manufactured by these. Regarding parts.

Conventionally, for example, the following Patent Documents 1 and 2 are known as a method of manufacturing a component such as a universal joint in which a shaft portion extends radially.
Japanese Patent No. 2527747 JP 2007-10028 A

  Patent Document 1 discloses a process for manufacturing spider parts so far, that is, hot forging of a round bar, cutting for removing a flash, annealing or normalizing, cutting, immersion quenching and tempering, Of the grinding process for molding, in order to omit the cutting process, the material is formed into the shape of the shaft of the universal joint by closed forging, and the shaft part is sized and then heat-treated. Are listed.

  In Patent Document 2, when a flat mold having a parting line parallel to the axis of the journal part is created, there is a problem of a flash existing at the root of the journal part that occurs at the opening and closing part of the journal part of the journal part. Instead of removing the burr until then, the journals adjacent to each other are formed by three forging dies whose molding unit is one third of the circumferential direction of the boss including the journal part. It describes that it forms in the joint axial direction site | part in the outer peripheral surface of the boss | hub between parts.

  However, in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to perform sizing after closed forging. Patent Document 2 only defines the position of the parting line that appears in the product. As an effect on the manufacturing process, the parting line is processed at a high cost such as cutting, shot blasting, and barrel processing. It was stopped to the extent that simplification was achieved by stopping doing.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is that Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 cannot simplify the manufacturing process without reducing the product accuracy.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a mold mechanism of the present invention for manufacturing a metal multi-axis shaft part with a radially extending shaft part includes a plurality of molds that form the shaft part, and these molds as molds. A die-clamping means that is moved at the same angle at the center position between the shafts at both ends when viewed from the front when the die-clamping direction is the front surface. And a shaft forming hole portion that forms the shaft portion in the center when viewed from the front, and the mold clamping means is disposed in a direction perpendicular to the mold clamping direction at the upper or lower portion when viewed from the rear when the mold release direction is the rear surface. A taper portion is provided for causing the mold to exert a closing force by relative movement.

  Further, in the method for manufacturing a metal multi-directional shaft component of the present invention using the above-described mold mechanism, all molds are simultaneously closed with a closing load of 50 to 150% of the molding load by the clamping means. .

  Furthermore, the multi-axial component of the present invention manufactured by the above-described mold mechanism and manufacturing method has a roundness of ± 0.01 mm or less with the mold released.

  The mold mechanism of the multi-axis component according to the present invention is divided into right and left in the mold clamping direction without using a mold divided in the upper and lower directions (hereinafter referred to as horizontal split) when the mold clamping direction is the front. A vertically divided mold is used. For example, four molds are used if they are multi-axis parts extending in a cross shape in four directions. These molds are individually formed in the same shape, and multi-axial parts are formed by closing them and plastically deforming the material.

  Furthermore, when the mold clamping means for simultaneously closing the mold relatively moves, the mold exhibits a closing force in the mold clamping direction via the taper portion. In addition, the divided taper portion described later can equalize the closing force of each mold before the end of mold clamping. Thus, for example, by simply moving the mold clamping means provided at the same distance from the center of the mold clamping direction, for example, upward with respect to the tapered portion, special synchronization of the movement of the mold and the mold clamping means is achieved. There is no need to plan.

  As for the shaft part formed by the shaft forming hole provided at the center of the mold in the vertical and horizontal directions when viewed from the front, the dividing line of the mold is not formed on the peripheral surface of the shaft part. Therefore, it is not necessary to remove the mold parting line (flash) formed on the shaft portion after the mold release, and therefore the manufacturing process can be omitted first in this respect.

  In addition, the divided taper portion disperses the closing load when the molds are simultaneously clamped, and this closing load (closing force) is uniformly applied to each mold. The center does not move, and when restoring by the stress of the material against this blocking force, it is restored along the inner periphery of the shaft-forming hole having a perfectly circular cross section where there is no opening other than the material inlet. The roundness of the shaft portion in the state where the mold is opened is increased, and the subsequent finishing step and the like can be omitted.

  Moreover, the manufacturing method of the multi-axis | shaft components concerning each other using the said metal mold | die mechanism WHEREIN: An error is +/- 0 by simultaneously closing | closing all the metal mold | die with the closing load 50 to 150% of a shaping | molding load by a mold clamping means. It is possible to form a perfect circle shaft portion of .01 mm or less.

  When the closing load is lower than 50% of the molding load, the shaft portion is flattened left and right when the mold is released, and the roundness is lowered. On the other hand, when the closing load is higher than 150% of the molding load, the shaft portion is flattened up and down when the mold is released, and the roundness is lowered.

  And since the multi-axis parts manufactured by the mold mechanism and the manufacturing method have a roundness of ± 0.01 mm or less at the time of mold release, the shape finishing process is performed in the subsequent process. Therefore, the manufacturing process is greatly simplified, and mass production is possible at low cost.

  The present invention can be implemented in the forms shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a mold used in the mold mechanism of the present invention. 2 and 3 are views for explaining a method of manufacturing a multi-directional component using the mold mechanism of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a shaft part molding state. 5 and 6 are views for explaining the state of the multi-axial component of the present invention immediately after mold release.

  In this example, a metal, for example, a columnar chrome steel such as SCr415, SCr420, SCM415, or SCM420, or a material P of chrome molybdenum steel is used as a cross-shaped multi-axis shaft component 10 in which shaft portions extend radially in four directions. Will be described. For example, the multi-axis shaft part 10 is formed with four solid circular shaft parts 12 in the present example in a radial pattern from the center of the boss part 11 on the same plane on the side peripheral surface of the boss part 11. In this state, the roundness of the cross section of the shaft portion 12 is set to be ± 0.01 mm or less in a state where it is released from 2.

  The mold mechanism 1 of the present invention is configured as follows. Reference numeral 2 denotes a mold prepared for the number of shaft portions 12 of the multi-directional shaft component 10 (four in this example). In the plan view shown in FIG. 1A, the mold 2 is equally divided from the center of the boss portion 11 at the center between the shaft portions 12, and is 45 ° in this example where the butt portions abut each other during mold clamping. Divided taper portions 2A are provided at both ends of the front view shown in FIG.

  Further, the mold 2 is provided with a boss forming portion 2B that forms a side peripheral surface of the boss portion 11 between the divided taper portions 2A and 2A in the front view shown in FIG. A shaft forming hole portion 2C for forming the shaft portion 12 is provided at the center position of 2B in the vertical and horizontal directions, that is, in the center in the front view.

  Furthermore, the mold 2 has a cam 3A (clamping means) of a mold clamping mechanism 3 (to be described later) orthogonal to the mold clamping direction on the back surface shown in FIG. A taper portion 2D is provided for allowing the mold 2 to exert a closing force by moving relatively in the direction. FIG. 1D shows a state in which the mold 2 is viewed from the side.

  3 is a mold clamping mechanism used when the mold 2 is clamped in the mold mechanism 1 of the present invention. The mold clamping mechanism 3 holds a bed 3b corresponding to a main ram 3a in a normal press machine, a material P to be molded, and a mold 2 at a predetermined position. In this state, the mold 2 is moved to a predetermined position with respect to the material P. A sleeve 3c that moves up and down as much as possible is provided. In this embodiment, the mold mechanism 1 of the present invention is characterized in that a cam 3A as mold clamping means is fixedly arranged on the bed 3b.

  In this example, the cam 3A is brought into contact with the mold 2 by the relative vertical movement of the mold 2 with respect to the cam 3A when the taper portion 2D of the mold 2 abuts on the bed 3b during mold clamping. In order to exert a horizontal closing force, a slope portion 3Aa inclined downward in the mold clamping direction is formed at the top.

  Further, in the mold clamping mechanism 3 shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, 3B is an upper punch provided at a plane forming portion of the boss portion 11, and 3C is provided at a bottom forming portion of the boss portion 11 corresponding to the upper punch. It is a lower punch. The upper punch 3B and the lower punch 3C are formed with slopes 3Ba and 3Ca which are inclined in a diameter increasing manner from the center toward the outer peripheral part at the formation portion of the flat surface and bottom surface of the boss part 11, and the slopes 3Ba and 3Ca Flat step portions 3Bb and 3Cb are respectively formed at predetermined diameter-expanded portions.

  Due to the slopes 3Ba and 3Ca and the stepped portions 3Bb and 3Cb of the upper punch 3B and the lower punch 3C, when the boss portion 11 is molded, the surplus portion that originally occurs as a flash between the mold 2 and the shape as a reinforcing rib In addition, the material P to be quickly molded can flow into the shaft forming hole 2C of the mold 2.

  Next, a process for manufacturing the multi-axis component 10 using the mold mechanism 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2A, the cam 3A is fixedly disposed on the bed 3b so as to be separated from the center of the lower punch 3C by an equal distance (in this example, in four directions). Then, a columnar material P is disposed on the portion surrounded by the lower punch 3C and the sleeve 3c.

  After the above, as shown in FIG. 2B, the mold 2 is disposed on the lower surface of the main ram 3a and the upper end surface of the sleeve 3c, and the main ram 3a is moved toward the bed 3b together with the upper punch 3B. Start clamping. At this time, the sleeve 3c is lowered to the same height as the step 3Cb of the lower punch 3C that has not yet moved in the lower part of the drawing.

  In this example, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the lower punch 3C is moved toward the upper punch 3B to perform the mold clamping, so that a homogeneous multi-axis with no molding bias is generated. The component 10 can be manufactured quickly.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, when mold clamping is started and the taper portion 2D of the mold 2 comes into contact with the inclined surface portion 3Aa of the cam 3A, the mold 2 is moved from the vertical downward movement so far. The closing force in the horizontal center direction is exhibited. At this time, the divided taper portions 2A of the adjacent molds 2 come into contact with each other and the closing force becomes uniform as a whole.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the mold 2 is simultaneously closed with a closing load in the range of 50 to 150% of the molding load, for example, 78.75% (= in this example, the closing force is equivalent to 630KN). The material P is plastically deformed by closing and later moving the upper punch 3B and the lower punch 3C closer to each other. As a result, the multi-axial component 10 having a roundness of ± 0.01 mm or less when the mold is released is completed.

  The principle by which the multi-axial component 10 having a roundness of ± 0.01 mm or less can be manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention using the mold mechanism 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The portion where the shaft portion 12 is molded when the mold is clamped is constituted by the material P that flows into the shaft forming hole portion 2C by the mold 2, the upper punch 3B, and the lower punch 3C.

  The material P gradually fills in the closed shaft forming hole 2C except for the inflow opening, and after filling, that is, when the mold is clamped, the material P is molded along the shaft forming hole 2C. It will be.

  At this time, in the cross section of the material P to be the shaft portion 12 (hereinafter referred to as only the shaft portion 12), the blocking force applied non-uniformly between the molds 2 is evenly distributed to each other by the divided taper portion 2A. Since the shaft forming hole portion 2C has no open portion other than the inflow portion of the material P, the shaft portion 12 is applied with a uniform closing force from the outer periphery toward the shaft center.

  On the other hand, a uniform internal pressure is applied to the shaft portion 12 from the center to the outer periphery due to the stress of the closing force, that is, the restoring force of the material P. At this time, the shaft forming hole portion 2C has no open portion other than the inflow portion of the material P, and the molds 2 are equally distributed to each other by the divided taper portion 2A. The closing force and the restoring force act, and the shaft forming hole portion 2C is molded along the perfect circular shape.

  As shown in FIG. 5 (a), when the closing force is 50 to 150% of the molding load, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the roundness is ± 0.01 mm or less. Part 12 is formed. When it is lower than 50% of the molding load, it is flattened in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. 5C, and when it is higher than 150%, it is flattened in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 5D.

  Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), when a conventional horizontal mold is used, 78.75% of the molding load within the condition range of the present invention (= blocking force: equivalent to 630KN) is used. Even in this case, the shaft portion at the time of mold release had a cross-sectional shape in which the roundness was greatly distorted at a maximum of about 0.04 mm as shown in FIG. Therefore, the conventional mold mechanism and manufacturing method require post-processing that finishes the shaft part into a perfect circle or removes the flash generated in the divided part of the upper mold and the lower mold.

  On the other hand, if the multi-axial component 10 of the present invention by the manufacturing method of the present invention using the mold mechanism 1 of the present invention is 78.75% of the same molding load, as shown in FIG. When the mold 2 is released, the roundness is about ± 0.005 mm, and it is not necessary to finish the shaft portion 12 into a perfect circle, and the shaft portion 12 is not burred. It is unnecessary.

FIG. 4 is a mold in the mold mechanism of the present invention, (a) is a plan view in a state where all are arranged, (b) is a front view of one of them, (c) is a rear view of (b), (d () Is a figure which shows the state of the side view of (b). (A) and (b) are the figures for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the multi-axial component of this invention. (A) and (b) are the figures for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the multi-axial component of this invention. In order to explain the shaft part forming principle in the manufacturing method of the multi-axis shaft component of the present invention, (a) shows a state in which the mold is viewed in plan, and (b) shows a state in which the mold is viewed in front. . In order to explain the blocking load in the manufacturing method of the multi-axis shaft component of the present invention, (a) shows the relationship between the blocking force and the roundness, (b) shows the shaft section at point b in (a), ( (c) is a figure which shows the axial part cross section of the point c of (a), (d) is a figure which respectively shows the axial part cross section of the d point of (a). (A) represents the conventional mold and manufacturing method and the relationship between the present invention and roundness, (b) is a shaft section according to the conventional example of (a) b, (c) is c of (a) c. It is a figure which each shows the axial part cross section by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mold mechanism 2 Mold 2A Divided taper part 2C Shaft formation hole part 2D Taper part 3 Mold clamping mechanism 3A Cam (mold clamping means)
3Aa Slope part 3B Upper punch 3C Lower punch 10 Multi-directional shaft part 11 Boss part 12 Shaft part P Material

Claims (3)

  A mold mechanism for manufacturing a metal multi-directional shaft part having a radially extending shaft part, and a plurality of molds forming the shaft part, and a mold clamping means for simultaneously moving these molds in the mold clamping direction Each mold has a tapered section divided at equal angles at the center position between the shaft portions at both ends in front view when the mold clamping direction is the front, and the shaft portions at the center in the front view. A shaft forming hole portion to be formed is provided, and the mold clamping means is closed in the mold by moving relative to the mold clamping direction in a direction perpendicular to the mold clamping direction in the rear view or lower part when the mold release direction is the back side. A mold mechanism provided with a taper portion for exerting force.   A method for producing a metal multi-axial component using the mold mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that all molds are simultaneously closed with a closing load of 50 to 150% of a forming load by a clamping means. To manufacture multi-axis shaft parts.   A metal multi-axis component manufactured by the mold mechanism of claim 1 and the manufacturing method of claim 2, wherein the roundness is ± 0.01 mm or less with the mold released. Multi-axis parts.

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