JP2010142059A - Permanent magnet rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To assemble short circuit coils around a permanent magnet by an easy method in a permanent magnet rotary electric machine including a rotor core having a skew structure. <P>SOLUTION: According to a skew angle, conductive bars 31a, 32a and 31b, 32b are provided on both sides of a conductive plate 30 in such a manner that the conductive bars stagger in the peripheral direction of a rotor on the front and rear faces of the conductive plate 30. While the conductive bars 31a to 32b provided on both sides are inserted into short circuit coil insertion holes 22a, 22b, the conductive plate 30 is pinched between iron cores 20a, 20b. By short-circuiting the ends of the conductive bars 31a and 32a and the ends of the conductive bars 31b and 32b, short circuit connections 33a, 33b are formed. In the iron core 20a, a short circuit coil consisting of the conductive plate 30, conductive bar 31a, short circuit connection 33a, and conductive bar 32a in this order is formed, and in the iron core 20b, a short circuit coil consisting of the conductive plate 30, conductive bar 31b, short circuit connection 33b, and conductive bar 32b in this order is formed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine having a short-circuit coil incorporated in a rotor and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly to a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine in which a skew is formed in an iron core of a rotor.

  In a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine in which a permanent magnet is built in a rotor, the interlinkage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is always generated with a constant strength, so that the induced voltage by the permanent magnet increases in proportion to the rotational speed. Therefore, when variable speed operation is performed from low speed to high speed, the induced voltage (back electromotive voltage) by the permanent magnet becomes extremely high at high speed rotation. When the induced voltage by the permanent magnet is applied to the electronic component of the inverter and exceeds its withstand voltage, the electronic component breaks down. For this reason, it is conceivable to perform a design in which the amount of magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is reduced so as to be equal to or lower than the withstand voltage, but in that case, the output and efficiency in the low speed region of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine are reduced.

  Therefore, a permanent magnet having a low coercive force (hereinafter referred to as a variable magnetic force magnet) in which the magnetic flux density is irreversibly changed by a magnetic field generated by the d-axis current of the stator winding, and a variable magnetic force magnet are included in the rotor. In a high-speed rotation range where a high coercivity permanent magnet (hereinafter referred to as a fixed magnet) having a coercive force more than double is placed and the maximum voltage of the power supply voltage is exceeded, the total flux linkage by the variable magnet and the fixed magnet is Techniques have been proposed for adjusting the total flux linkage so as to reduce. (See Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2)

  Since the amount of magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is determined by the product of the coercive force and the magnetization direction thickness, when the variable magnetic magnet and the fixed magnetic magnet are actually incorporated in the rotor core, the permanent magnet is maintained as the variable magnetic magnet. A permanent magnet having a small product of magnetic force and magnetization direction thickness is used, and a permanent magnet having a large product of coercive force and magnetization direction thickness is used as the fixed magnet. In general, an alnico magnet, a samarium cobalt magnet (Samacoba magnet) or a ferrite magnet is used as the variable magnetic magnet, and a neodymium magnet (NdFeB magnet) is used as the fixed magnetic magnet.

  By the way, in this type of permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, when the variable magnetic magnet once demagnetized in the high speed rotation range is increased, the magnetic field of the fixed magnetic magnet arranged close to the variable magnetic magnet is increased by the d-axis current. There is a phenomenon in which the magnetic field for magnetism is hindered and the d-axis current (magnetization current) for magnetizing is increased accordingly. In order to deal with such a phenomenon, the present inventors have arranged a short-circuited coil in the vicinity of the fixed magnetic magnet, and generated an induced current in the short-circuited coil by a magnetic field generated by a d-axis current that passes through the short-circuited coil. There has been proposed a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine that suppresses an increase in d-axis current at the time of magnetizing by canceling out the magnetic field generated by the fixed magnet with current (Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-162203).

JP 2006-280195 A JP 2008-48514 A

  By the way, since it is necessary to provide the short-circuit coil around a permanent magnet disposed in the rotor core, it has been studied how to incorporate the short-circuit coil into the core by a simple method. For example, when the short-circuit coil and the permanent magnet are arranged in close contact with each other, after the short-circuit coil is wound around the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet and the coil may be fitted into the permanent magnet mounting space opened in the iron core. it can. However, if the permanent magnet and the short-circuiting coil are separated from each other and an iron core portion exists between them, it is necessary to insert the short-circuiting coil one by one into the thin coil insertion hole, and the assembly becomes extremely difficult.

  In particular, this type of permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, particularly a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine for hybrid vehicles that is required to have a small size and high output, requires high torque and high output in a limited space. Accordingly, reduction of torque ripple, vibration and noise is required. For this reason, a skew structure is adopted in which the rotor laminated iron core is formed in a block shape and shifted in the circumferential direction. In the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine having such a skew structure, it is extremely troublesome to provide the short-circuit coil as described above around the permanent magnet incorporated in the rotor core.

  The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a short-circuit coil for a permanent magnet in a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine having a skew-structured rotor core. It is an object of the present invention to provide a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine that can be incorporated in the surroundings by a simple method and a manufacturing method thereof.

  In order to achieve the above object, the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine of the present invention divides the rotor core into two or more in the axial direction, skews the magnetic pole positions of the divided core portions in the circumferential direction, Each core part is provided with a conductive short-circuit coil in which a short-circuit current flows due to the magnetic flux generated during magnetization when the permanent magnet is magnetized, and the short-circuit coil of each core part is set according to the skew angle of each core part. It arrange | positions with the angle shifted | deviated to the circumferential direction of the rotor, and connects the short circuit coil of each iron core part with a level | step-difference part in the boundary part of an iron core, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine of the present invention having the above-described configuration, it is possible to incorporate a short-circuit coil having a structure shifted by the skew angle with respect to the iron core portion of the rotor core having the skew structure. As a result, the operation of assembling the short-circuit coil into the skewed iron core is simplified, and a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine having the short-circuit coil can be easily obtained.

(1) 1st Embodiment Hereinafter, 1st Embodiment of this invention is described concretely according to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment, showing the direction of magnetic flux at the time of demagnetization, and FIG. is there. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a state in the middle of the assembly of the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment, FIG. 4 is a sectional view in the direction parallel to the rotation axis, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view in the completed state.

(1-1) Configuration of Permanent Magnet Type Rotating Electric Machine The rotor 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a rotor core 2, a variable magnetic magnet 3, and a fixed magnetic magnet 4 as shown in FIG. . The rotor core 2 is formed by laminating silicon steel plates, and the permanent magnet is embedded in the rotor core 2. A cavity 5 serving as a magnetic barrier is provided at the ends of the variable magnetic magnet 3 and the fixed magnetic magnet 4 so that the magnetic flux passing through the rotor core 2 passes in the thickness direction of the variable magnetic magnet 3 and the fixed magnetic magnet 4. .

  In this embodiment, the variable magnetic force magnet 3 is a ferrite magnet or an alnico magnet. In this embodiment, a ferrite magnet is used. The fixed magnetic magnet 4 was an NdFeB magnet. The coercive force of this variable magnetic magnet is 280 kA / m, and the coercive force of the fixed magnetic magnet is 1000 kA / m. The variable magnetic force magnet 3 is disposed in the rotor core 2 along the d-axis at the center of the magnetic pole, and the magnetization direction is substantially the circumferential direction. The fixed magnetic magnet 4 is disposed in the rotor core 2 on both sides of the variable magnetic magnet 3 so that the magnetization direction has a predetermined angle with respect to the d-axis direction.

  A short-circuit coil 8 is provided so as to surround the fixed magnetic magnet 4 embedded in the rotor core 2. The short-circuit coil 8 is composed of a ring-shaped conductive member and is mounted so as to be fitted into the edge portion of the cavity 5 provided in the rotor core 2. It is also possible to manufacture by casting a conductive material melted at a high temperature into a hole in the iron core of the rotor as in other embodiments described later.

  The short-circuit coil 8 is a magnetic flux generated when a d-axis current is passed through the armature winding and generates a short-circuit current. Therefore, the short-circuit coil 8 is provided in the magnetic path portion of the fixed magnetic magnet 4 excluding the variable magnetic magnet 3. In this case, a short-circuit coil 8 is provided around the fixed magnetic magnet 4 with the magnetization direction of the fixed magnetic magnet 4 as the central axis.

  In the present embodiment, the short-circuit coils 8 are respectively provided above and below the fixed magnetic force magnet 4, but may be either one above or below. Further, although the short-circuit coil 8 is provided in parallel with the upper and lower surfaces (direction perpendicular to the magnetization direction) of the fixed magnetic magnet, one or two X-shaped can be provided in the diagonal direction of the short-circuit coil. Further, in addition to being provided in close contact with the surface of the fixed magnetic magnet, it may be provided so as to surround the fixed magnetic magnet and the bridge portion 6 between the fixed magnetic magnet and the variable magnetic magnet as illustrated.

  It is preferable that the short-circuit coil 8 has a short-circuit current that changes the magnetization of the variable magnetic force magnet 3 within 1 second, and then attenuates the short-circuit current by 50% or more within 1 second. Further, if the inductance value and the resistance value of the short-circuiting coil 8 are set to such values that a short-circuit current that changes the magnetization of the variable magnetic force magnet 3 flows, the efficiency is good.

  A stator 10 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 2 through an air gap 9. The stator 10 has an armature core 11 and an armature winding 12. An induced current is induced in the short circuit coil 8 by the magnetizing current flowing through the armature winding 12, and a magnetic flux penetrating the short circuit coil 8 is formed by the induced current.

  Further, the magnetization direction of the variable magnetic force magnet 3 reversibly changes due to the magnetization current flowing through the armature winding 12. That is, for the variable magnetic magnet and the fixed magnetic magnet, the permanent magnet 3 is magnetized by a magnetic field generated by the d-axis current during operation of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine, and the amount of magnetic flux of the variable magnetic magnet 3 is irreversibly changed. . In that case, the d-axis current for magnetizing the variable magnetic force magnet 3 is supplied, and at the same time, the torque of the rotating electrical machine is controlled by the q-axis current.

  In addition, the magnetic flux generated by the d-axis current causes the amount of interlinkage magnetic flux of the armature windings (of the rotating electric machine) The amount of interlinkage magnetic flux in the entire armature winding composed of the magnetic flux generated in the armature winding by the total current and the magnetic flux generated by the variable magnetic magnet and the fixed magnetic magnet on the rotor side is reversibly changed. .

  In particular, in the present embodiment, the variable magnetic force magnet 3 is irreversibly changed by a magnetic field generated by an instantaneous large d-axis current. In this state, operation is carried out by continuously supplying a d-axis current in a range where little or no irreversible demagnetization occurs. The d-axis current at this time acts to adjust the terminal voltage by advancing the current phase. That is, an operation control method is performed in which the polarity of the variable magnet 3 is reversed with a large d-axis current to advance the current phase. As described above, since the polarity of the variable magnet 3 is reversed by the d-axis current, even if a negative d-axis current that reduces the terminal voltage is supplied, the variable magnet 3 is not demagnetized but increased. Become. That is, the magnitude of the terminal voltage can be adjusted without demagnetizing the variable magnet 3 with a negative d-axis current.

(1-2) Demagnetization and magnetizing action Next, the action at the time of magnetizing and demagnetizing in the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described. In each figure, the direction of the magnetic force generated by the armature winding 12 or the short-circuit coil 8 is indicated by an arrow.

  In the present embodiment, a magnetic field is formed by applying a pulsed current having an energization time of about 0.1 ms to 100 ms to the armature winding 12 of the stator 10, and the magnetic field A is applied to the variable magnetic force magnet 3. Act (see FIG. 1). The pulse current that forms the magnetic field A for magnetizing the permanent magnet is the d-axis current component of the armature winding 12 of the stator 10.

  If the thicknesses of the two types of permanent magnets are substantially equal, the change in the magnetization state of the permanent magnet due to the applied magnetic field due to the d-axis current varies depending on the magnitude of the coercive force. A negative d-axis current that generates a magnetic field in the direction opposite to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is pulsed through the armature winding 12. If the magnetic field A in the magnet changed by the negative d-axis current becomes −280 kA / m, the coercive force of the variable magnetic magnet 3 is 280 kA / m, so that the magnetic force of the variable magnetic magnet 3 significantly decreases irreversibly.

  On the other hand, since the coercive force of the fixed magnetic magnet 4 is 1000 kA / m, the magnetic force does not decrease irreversibly. As a result, when the pulsed d-axis current becomes zero, only the variable magnetic force magnet 3 is demagnetized, and the amount of interlinkage magnetic flux by the entire magnet can be reduced. Further, when a reverse magnetic field greater than -280 kA / m is applied, the variable magnetic force magnet 3 is magnetized in the reverse direction and the polarity is reversed. In this case, since the magnetic flux of the variable magnetic magnet 3 and the magnetic flux of the fixed magnetic magnet 4 cancel each other, the total interlinkage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is minimized.

  In this case, the direction of the magnetic force of the magnetic field generated by the fixed magnetic force magnet 4 is from the fixed magnetic force magnet 4 to the variable magnetic force magnet 3 as shown in FIG. Therefore, a strong magnetic force acts in the demagnetizing direction of the variable magnetic force magnet 3. At the same time, an induced current that cancels the magnetic field A of the armature winding 12 is generated in the short-circuit coil 8, and a magnetic field having a magnetic force direction as indicated by an arrow C in FIG. 1 is generated by the induced current. The magnetic force C generated by the short-circuit coil 8 also acts so as to direct the magnetization direction of the variable magnetic force magnet 3 in the reverse direction. Thus, demagnetization and polarity inversion of the variable magnetic force magnet 3 are efficiently performed. That is, the direction of the magnetic force of the magnetic field C generated by the induced current induced in the short-circuit coil 8 coincides with the direction of the magnetic field A by the magnetizing current in the portion penetrating the variable magnetic force magnet 3, so that the magnetization in the demagnetizing direction Is also done effectively

  Next, a process of increasing the total interlinkage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet and restoring it to the maximum (magnetization process) will be described. In the demagnetization completed state, as shown in FIG. 2, the polarity of the variable magnetic force magnet 3 is reversed, and a positive magnetic field that generates a magnetic field in a direction opposite to the reversed magnetization (the initial magnetization direction shown in FIG. 1) is generated. A d-axis current is passed through the armature winding 12. The magnetic force of the reversed reversed polarity variable magnetic magnet 3 decreases as the magnetic field increases and becomes zero. When the magnetic field due to the positive d-axis current is further increased, the polarity is reversed and magnetized in the direction of the initial polarity. When 350 kA / m, which is a magnetic field necessary for almost complete magnetization, is applied, the variable magnetic force magnet 3 is magnetized and generates a magnetic force almost at its maximum.

  In this case, as in the case of demagnetization, it is not necessary to increase the d-axis current by continuous energization, and an instantaneous pulse current may be used as the current to achieve the target magnetic force. On the other hand, since the coercive force of the fixed magnetic magnet 4 is 1000 kA / m, the magnetic force of the fixed magnetic magnet 4 does not change irreversibly even when a magnetic field due to the d-axis current acts. As a result, when the pulsed positive d-axis current becomes 0, only the variable magnetic force magnet 3 is magnetized, and the amount of flux linkage by the entire magnet can be increased. This makes it possible to return to the original maximum flux linkage.

  As described above, by applying an instantaneous magnetic field due to the d-axis current to the variable magnetic magnet 3 and the fixed magnetic magnet 4, the magnetic force of the variable magnetic magnet 3 is irreversibly changed, and the total interlinkage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet Can be arbitrarily changed.

(1-3) Action of Short-Coil Coil 8 Next, the action of the short-circuit coil 8 will be described. Since the variable magnetic magnet 3 and the fixed magnetic magnet 4 are embedded in the rotor core 2 to form a magnetic circuit, the magnetic field due to the d-axis current acts not only on the variable magnetic magnet 3 but also on the fixed magnetic magnet 4. To do. Originally, the magnetic field generated by the d-axis current is used to change the magnetization of the variable magnetic force magnet 3. Therefore, the magnetic field due to the d-axis current may be prevented from acting on the fixed magnetic magnet 4 and concentrated on the variable magnetic magnet 3.

  In the present embodiment, a short circuit coil 8 is arranged around the fixed magnetic magnet 4. In this case, the short-circuit coil 8 is arranged with the magnetization direction of the fixed magnetic magnet 4 as the central axis. When the magnetization of the variable magnetic force magnet 3 shown in FIG. 2 is performed in the magnetizing direction, when the magnetic field A due to the d-axis current acts on the fixed magnetic force magnet 4, an induced current that cancels the magnetic field A flows to the short-circuit coil 8. . Accordingly, in the fixed magnetic force magnet 4, the magnetic field A caused by the d-axis current and the magnetic field C caused by the short-circuit current act and cancel each other, so that the magnetic field hardly increases or decreases.

  Further, the magnetic field C caused by the short-circuit current also acts on the variable magnetic force magnet 3 and is in the same direction as the magnetic field A caused by the d-axis current. Accordingly, the magnetic field A for magnetizing the variable magnetic force magnet 3 is strengthened, and the variable magnetic force magnet 3 can be magnetized with a small d-axis current. Further, since the direction of the magnetic force of the magnetic field C by the short-circuit coil 8 is opposite to the direction of the magnetic force of the magnetic field B generated by the fixed magnetic force magnet 4, it also acts in the direction of canceling out the magnetic force of the magnetic field B. Therefore, the variable magnetic force magnet 3 can be effectively magnetized with a small magnetization current.

  At this time, the fixed magnetic magnet 4 is not affected by the d-axis current due to the short-circuit coil 8, and the magnetic flux hardly increases, so that the magnetic saturation of the armature core 11 due to the d-axis current can be reduced. That is, in the armature core 11, when the magnetic field A generated by the d-axis current passes through the magnetic path formed between the armature windings 12, there is a possibility that magnetic saturation of that portion occurs. However, in this embodiment, the portion of the magnetic field C of the short-circuit coil 8 that passes through the magnetic path of the armature core 11 acts in the opposite direction to the magnetic field A caused by the d-axis current. Is mitigated from magnetic saturation.

(1-4) Manufacturing method of permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration is manufactured as follows. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 20 denotes a rotor of the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to the present embodiment, and this rotor 20 is divided into two parts from the central part in the axial direction, and the first iron core part 20 a and And the second iron core portion 20b. As described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the iron core portions 20 a and 20 b have rotation holes for a fixed magnetic magnet and a variable magnetic magnet, a cavity serving as a magnetic barrier, and insertion holes 22 a and 22 b for a short-circuit coil. It is formed so as to penetrate the iron core portion in parallel with the child axis.

  Between each iron core part 20a, 20b, the electroconductive board 30 of the same outer diameter as an iron core part is arrange | positioned. The conductive plate 30 is made of a conductive material such as copper or aluminum similar to the short-circuit coil. A pair of conductive bars 31a and 32a constituting a part of the short-circuited coil in one iron core portion 20a is provided on the surface of the conductive plate 30, and the other iron core portion is provided on the back surface of the conductive plate 30. One end of a pair of conductive bars 31b and 32b constituting a part of the short-circuit coil in 20b is fixed by means such as welding or brazing. The conductive bars 31a to 32b are longer than the length of each iron core portion 20a, 20b in the rotation axis direction by a half of the length of the short-circuit coil in the rotor circumferential direction. When the conductive bars 31a to 32b are inserted into the short-circuiting coil mounting hole 22 from the rotor center side), the leading end of the conductive bars 31a to 32b protrudes to the outside of each iron core (the outer surface of the rotor).

  The conductive bars 31 a and 30 b are provided on both surfaces of the conductive plate 30, but the positions of the conductive bars 31 a and 30 b are different between the front surface and the back surface of the conductive plate 30. That is, in the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine of the present embodiment, the rotor core portions 20a and 20b adopt a skew structure, so that the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b of the rotor have variable magnetic magnets and fixed magnetic magnets. Or the position of the short circuit coil arrange | positioned around it has shifted | deviated to the circumferential direction of the rotor. Therefore, the conductive bars 31a, 32a and 31b, 32b provided on both surfaces of the conductive plate 30 are also shifted in the circumferential direction of the rotor between the front and back surfaces of the conductive plate 30 in accordance with the skew angle. In the position. Similarly, short-circuiting coil insertion holes 22a and 22b for inserting these conductive bars 31a to 32b are also provided at positions shifted by skew angles.

  In the figure, only a part of the short-circuit coil insertion holes 22a and 22b and the conductive bars 31a to 32b are shown. The number of the insertion holes and the conductive bars is the number of magnetic poles and the number of permanent magnets provided in each magnetic pole. Also, it is set according to the number of short-circuit coils provided in each permanent magnet.

  The conductive plate 30 having such a configuration is sandwiched between the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b in a state where the conductive bars 31a to 32b on both sides thereof are inserted into the short-circuiting coil insertion holes 22a and 22b. The rotor 20 of the embodiment is configured. In this case, the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b of the rotor are skewed, and even if the positions of the variable magnetic magnets and the fixed magnetic magnets constituting the magnetic poles are shifted in the circumferential direction, the conductive provided on the conductive plate 30 Since the conductive bars 31a to 32b are also at positions shifted by skew angles between the front and back surfaces of the conductive plate, the right and left iron core portions 20a and 20b are coupled so as to sandwich the conductive plate 30 so that the appropriate iron core is obtained. The conductive bar can be inserted at a proper position (position surrounding the fixed magnetic magnet).

  When the conductive plate 30 is sandwiched between the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b, the tips of the conductive bars 31a to 32b protrude from the end surface of the rotor 20 in the axial direction. Therefore, the protruding ends of the conductive bars 31a and 32a and the ends of the conductive bars 31b and 32b are short-circuited by means such as welding or brazing to form the short-circuit connection portions 33a and 33b. As a result, a short-circuit coil composed of a conductive plate 30-conductive bar 31a-short-circuit connection portion 33a-conductive bar 32a is formed in one iron core portion 20a, and a conductive wire is formed in the other iron core portion 20b. A short-circuiting coil is formed of conductive plate 30-conductive bar 31b-short-circuit connection portion 33b-conductive bar 32b. The outsides of the short-circuit connection portions 33a and 33b are covered with end plates 34a and 34b made of a member having an electric resistance larger than that of an insulating material or a conductive bar.

  Instead of connecting the tips of the conductive bars 31a to 32b as described above to form the short-circuit connection portions 33a and 33b, the conductive bars 31a to 32b are made of conductive bars prepared separately. The tip can also be short-circuited.

  According to the first embodiment having the above-described configuration, the simple work of forming the conductive bars 31a to 32b on both surfaces of the conductive plate 20 and fitting them into the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b. Thus, the short-circuit coil can be arranged in the iron core having the skew structure. In particular, when the short-circuit coil is provided so as to surround the permanent magnet and the surrounding bridge portion, in the conventional method, it is necessary to pass the coils one by one into the short-circuit coil insertion hole penetrating the iron core, The work was complicated. However, in this embodiment, when the conductive plate is sandwiched between the left and right iron core portions, the conductive bars provided on the conductive plate are collectively inserted into the insertion holes of the iron core portion, thereby All the short-circuit coils provided in can be incorporated into the iron core at once. As a result, the assembling work of the short-circuit coil is significantly improved as compared with the prior art.

  Further, by sharing a part of all the short-circuited coils with the conductive plate 30 in the central portion of the rotor, it is possible to simplify coil connection work and assembly work. In particular, even with a rotor having a skew structure, it is possible to flexibly cope with the skew angle and the position of the magnetic poles only by changing the positions of the conductive bars 31a to 32b fixed to the conductive plate 30.

(2) Second Embodiment In this second embodiment, without using the conductive plate as in the first embodiment, by providing a step portion corresponding to the skew angle for each conductive bar, A short-circuit coil that penetrates the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b is obtained. That is, FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a pair of conductive bars 41 and 42 forming each short-circuited coil in the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a rotation having a short-circuited coil formed by the conductive bars 41 and 42. It is sectional drawing of a child.

  The conductive bars 41 and 42 include left and right iron core insertion portions 41 a to 42 b integrated by a central step portion 43. The iron core insertion portions 41a to 42b are longer than the length of each iron core portion 20a, 20b in the rotation axis direction by a half of the length of the short-circuit coil in the rotor circumferential direction. When the iron core insertion portions 41a to 42b are inserted into the short-circuiting coil mounting holes from the rotor center side), the tip ends thereof project outside the iron core portions (outer surfaces of the rotor).

  In the second embodiment, the rotor 20 is composed of left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b having a constant skew angle. In addition, the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b are provided with variable magnetic magnets and fixed magnetic magnet mounting holes, a cavity serving as a magnetic barrier, and a short-circuit coil insertion hole at positions shifted by a skew angle. This is the same as in the first embodiment.

  On the other hand, the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b are provided with spacer disks 44 instead of the conductive plates of the first embodiment. The spacer disk 44 is formed of a silicon steel plate, similar to the iron core portions 20a and 20b. That is, since the spacer disk 44 does not constitute a part of the short-circuited coil, the conductivity as in the first embodiment is not necessary, and it is not necessary to constitute the material with a material such as copper or aluminum. The spacer disk 44 is formed with a space 45 into which the stepped portion 43 of the conductive bars 41 and 42 is inserted.

  The pair of conductive bars 41 and 42 and the space 45 into which the stepped portion 43 enters are provided for each short-circuited coil. Accordingly, when one or a plurality of short-circuit coils are provided for each magnetic pole, a pair of conductive bars 41 and 42 and a space portion 45 are prepared according to the number.

  In 2nd Embodiment which has such a structure, one edge part (For example, iron core insertion part 41a, 42a) of the electroconductive bar 41,42 is made into the short circuit coil insertion hole of the iron core part 20a where the rotor was divided | segmented. Then, the spacer disk 44 is overlaid on the iron core portion 20a so that the step portions 43 of the conductive bars 41 and 42 are positioned in the space portion 45. Further, the iron core insertion portions 41b and 42b on the opposite side of the conductive bars 41 and 42 protruding from the spacer disk 44 are inserted into the short-circuiting coil insertion hole, and the iron core portion 20b on the opposite side is overlapped with the spacer disk 44. Match. Thereafter, the ends of the conductive bars 41 and 42 protruding from the axial ends of the iron core portions 20a and 20b are bent and connected to form the short-circuit connection portions 46a and 46b, thereby forming a short-circuit coil.

  In this case, the tips of the conductive bars 41 and 42 may be short-circuited with a separately prepared member. Further, as in the first embodiment, a large number of conductive bars 41 and 42 constituting each short-circuited coil are set on the central spacer disk 44, and the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b are mounted from both sides thereof. It is also possible.

  Thereafter, as in the first embodiment, the outer sides of the short-circuit connection portions 46a and 46b are covered with end plates 48a and 48b made of a member having an electric resistance larger than that of an insulating material or a conductive bar. In addition, when using a silicon steel plate as an end plate instead of the end plates 48a and 48b made of an insulating material, insulating members 47a and 47b are provided outside the short-circuit connection portion as illustrated.

  In the second embodiment as described above, the conductive bars 41 and 42 penetrating through the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b and the short-circuit connection portions 46a and 46b formed on the axial end surfaces of the iron core portions 20a and 20b. In the rotor core, one short-circuited coil bent by a skew is formed in the spacer disk 44, and the permanent cores 20a and 20b disposed in the rotor core are disposed at positions shifted by skew angles. A short-circuit coil can be placed around the magnet.

  In particular, in the second embodiment, there is no need to use a conductive plate in the center, so that it is not necessary to perform joining work such as welding and brazing between the individual conductive bars forming the short-circuited coil and the conductive plate. , Making the manufacturing work easier. In addition, there is no conductive plate in the center of the rotor, and a silicon steel plate having the same quality as the iron core can be used as the spacer disk, so that the magnetic characteristics are also excellent.

(3) Third Embodiment In this third embodiment, a conductive material obtained by melting a short circuit coil is poured into a conductive member injection hole of a rotor core, and a short circuit coil is formed when the conductive material is solidified. It is. The third embodiment will be described below with reference to the cross-sectional view of FIG.

  In the third embodiment, a spacer disk 51 is disposed between the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b, and end plates 52a and 52b are disposed at axial ends of the iron core portions 20a and 20b. In each iron core part 20a, 20b, conductive material injection holes 53a, 53b are formed in parallel with the axial direction of the rotor in accordance with the position of the short circuit coil. In this case, the positions of the conductive member injection holes 53a and 53b of the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b are formed at positions shifted by the skew angle of the iron core portions 20a and 20b.

  The central spacer disc 51 is formed with a space portion 54 that communicates with the opening portion on the iron core center side of the conductive member injection holes 53a and 53b formed in the left and right iron core portions. The left and right end plates 52a and 52b are provided with short-circuit connection portions 55a and 55b communicating with the opening on the iron core end side of the conductive member injection holes 53a and 53b. One end plate (in the figure, end plate 52a) is provided with an injection port 56 of a conductive material communicating with the short-circuit connection portion 55a.

  In the third embodiment having such a configuration, the left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b, the spacer disc 51, and the left and right end plates 52a and 52b are integrally and firmly fixed, and the molten copper and aluminum from the injection port 56 are used. Inject a conductive material. Then, the conductive material flows into the conductive material injection holes 53a and 53b, the space portion 54, and the short-circuit connection portions 55a and 55b, and solidifies, whereby the short-circuit coil having a structure in which the skew angle is shifted in the rotor core. Is formed.

  According to the third embodiment, there is no need to insert individual conductive bars in the iron core, and a large number of short-circuited coils having a complicated shape can be formed all at once.

(4) Fourth Embodiment In the fourth embodiment, a linear conductive bar is inserted into the left and right iron cores, and the left and right iron cores are twisted by angles that respectively skew in the opposite directions, thereby providing an iron core. A short-circuited coil having a shape shifted by a skew angle at the center is formed. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view before the twist is added, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the short-circuit coil having a step corresponding to the skew angle obtained as a result of the twist.

  In the fourth embodiment, the left and right iron core portions 20 a and 20 b are stacked via the space plate 61. The space plate 61 is provided with a space portion 62 into which a step portion corresponding to the skew angle can enter when the short-circuit coil is formed. The left and right iron core portions 20a and 20b are provided with a pair of short-circuit coil insertion holes 63a and 63b, respectively, in parallel with the axial direction of the rotor. In this case, each insertion hole 63a, 63b is open to the space 62 of the space plate 61, and is arranged in a straight line in a state before each iron core is skewed. Two legs of a U-shaped conductive bar 64 are inserted into the insertion holes 63a and 63b of the short-circuit coil.

  As shown in FIG. 9, with the left and right iron core portions 20a, 20b and the space plate 61 overlapped, the conductive bar 64 is inserted into the short-circuiting coil insertion holes 63a, 63b, and the left and right iron core portions are Add a twist for the skew angle. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the conductive bar 64 bends at the space plate 61 at the center of the iron core, and a stepped portion 65 corresponding to the skew angle is formed there. Thereafter, the ends of the leg portions of the U-shaped conductive bar 64 exposed on one end face of the rotor core are joined together by welding or brazing to form one short-circuit connection portion 66a. The U-shaped connecting portion is the other short-circuit connection portion 66b.

  According to the fourth embodiment having the above-described configuration, the U-shaped conductive bar 64 is inserted into the insertion holes 63a and 63b arranged in a straight line, and a twist is applied to the iron core portion. A short-circuited coil with a step can be easily produced. In particular, since it is only necessary to insert the conductive bar 64 from one direction of the iron core, the manufacturing process is simplified compared to a technique in which the iron core portion is fitted on both sides of the conductive bar. In addition, since the conductive bar can be simply U-shaped, it is easy to process, and the skew angle is determined by the amount of twist in the iron core, so the conductive bar itself does not need to consider the skew angle. The present invention can also be applied to other rotating electric machines.

It is a fragmentary sectional view of the rotor and stator which show 1st Embodiment of this invention, and shows the time of demagnetization of a variable magnetic force magnet. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the rotor and stator which show 1st Embodiment of this invention, and shows the time of magnetizing of a variable magnetic force magnet. The disassembled perspective view which shows the state in the middle of the assembly of the rotor of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the direction parallel to the rotating shaft which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention, and shows the state in the middle of the assembly of an iron core. It is sectional drawing of the direction parallel to the rotating shaft which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the completion state of an iron core is shown. The top view of the electroconductive bar in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the direction parallel to the rotating shaft which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention, and the completion state of an iron core is shown. It is sectional drawing of the rotor which shows the 3rd Embodiment of this invention, and the completion state of an iron core is shown. It is sectional drawing of the rotor which shows the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and shows the state in the middle of the assembly of an iron core. It is sectional drawing of the rotor which shows the 4th Embodiment of this invention, and the completion state of an iron core is shown.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotor 2 ... Rotor core 3 ... Permanent magnet (variable magnetic force magnet) with small product of coercive force and magnetization direction thickness
4. Permanent magnet with a large product of coercive force and magnetization direction thickness (fixed magnet)
5 ... Cavity 6 at the end of the permanent magnet 6 ... Bridge part 9 ... Air gap 10 ... Stator 11 ... Armature core 12 ... Armature windings 20a, 20b ... Iron core parts 22a, 22b, 63a, 63b ... Short-circuit coil insertion hole 30 ... Conductive plates 31a to 32b, 41, 42, 64 ... conductive bars 41a to 42b ... iron core insertion portions 43, 65 ... step portions 44, 51, 61 ... spacer disks 45, 54, 62 ... space portions 52a, 52b ... end plates 53a, 53b ... conductive member injection holes 55a, 55b, 66a, 66b ... short-circuit connection part 56 ... injection port

Claims (11)

A magnetic pole is formed by using two or more kinds of permanent magnets having different products of coercive force and magnetization direction thickness, and a plurality of the magnetic poles are arranged in the rotor core to form a rotor. A stator is disposed in the diameter via an air gap, an armature core and an armature winding are provided on the stator, and at least one of permanent magnets constituting the magnetic pole of the rotor by a magnetic field generated by the armature winding. In the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine with magnetized pieces,
The rotor core is divided into two or more in the axial direction, the magnetic pole positions of the divided cores are skewed in the circumferential direction, and magnetic flux generated during magnetization when magnetizing a permanent magnet in each core By providing a conductive short-circuit coil through which a short-circuit current flows,
The short-circuiting coil of each iron core part is arranged at an angle shifted in the circumferential direction of the rotor according to the skew angle of each iron core part, and the short-circuiting coil of each iron core part is connected with a step at the boundary part of the iron core. A permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine. The shorting coil,
A conductive plate arranged at the boundary of each iron core,
A conductive bar protruding in the axial direction of the rotor toward each iron core from a location shifted in the circumferential direction of the rotor by an amount corresponding to the skew angle of the front and back surfaces of the conductive plate,
2. The permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to claim 1, wherein the permanent bar type rotating electric machine is constituted by a short-circuit connecting portion that connects an end of the conductive bar at an axial end portion of the iron core portion. The short-circuiting coil is composed of a pair of conductive bars having a stepped portion corresponding to the length corresponding to the skew at the center portion, and a short-circuit connecting portion connecting the conductive bars at the axial ends of the iron core portion,
The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein a space plate is disposed at a boundary of the iron core portion, and a space portion into which the step portion of the conductive bar enters is formed in the space plate.   A pair of conductive member injection holes each having a step portion corresponding to a length corresponding to a skew at a central portion, a short-circuit connection portion connected at an axial end portion of the iron core portion, and a boundary between the iron core portions. 4. The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein the permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine is formed by pouring a molten conductive material into a space portion formed in the disposed space plate and solidifying the space.   4. The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to claim 2, wherein the short-circuit connecting portion is configured by short-circuiting by bending a tip of a conductive bar protruding from an axial end portion of the iron core portion. .   An end plate that sandwiches and presses the rotor core in the axial direction is provided outside the rotor core in the axial direction, and a material or insulating material having a resistivity greater than the resistivity of the conductive member provided in the rotor core. The permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein   An end plate is provided on the outer side of the rotor core in the axial direction so as to sandwich and press the rotor core in the axial direction, and an insulating treatment is applied to a portion of the end plate that contacts the conductive member provided in the rotor core. The permanent magnet type rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine is characterized. A magnetic pole is formed by using two or more kinds of permanent magnets having different products of coercive force and magnetization direction thickness, and a plurality of the magnetic poles are arranged in the rotor core to form a rotor. A stator is disposed in the diameter via an air gap, an armature core and an armature winding are provided on the stator, and at least one of permanent magnets constituting the magnetic pole of the rotor by a magnetic field generated by the armature winding. Magnetize the pieces,
The rotor core is divided into two or more in the axial direction, the magnetic pole positions of the divided cores are skewed in the circumferential direction, and magnetic flux generated during magnetization when magnetizing a permanent magnet in each core In the manufacturing method of a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine provided with a conductive short-circuit coil in which a short-circuit current flows by
The shorting coil,
On the front and back surfaces of the conductive plate placed at the boundary between the divided cores, the rotor shaft is moved from the location shifted in the circumferential direction of the rotor by an amount corresponding to the skew angle of the core toward each core. A conductive bar that protrudes in the direction is integrally provided,
The divided iron core is overlapped on the conductive plate from the axial direction of the rotor so that the conductive bar enters the short-circuiting coil insertion hole,
A manufacturing method of a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, wherein a short circuit coil is formed by connecting a tip of the conductive bar at an axial end face of each iron core to form a short circuit connection. A magnetic pole is formed by using two or more kinds of permanent magnets having different products of coercive force and magnetization direction thickness, and a plurality of the magnetic poles are arranged in the rotor core to form a rotor. A stator is disposed in the diameter via an air gap, an armature core and an armature winding are provided on the stator, and at least one of permanent magnets constituting the magnetic pole of the rotor by a magnetic field generated by the armature winding. Magnetize the pieces,
The rotor core is divided into two or more in the axial direction, the magnetic pole positions of the divided cores are skewed in the circumferential direction, and magnetic flux generated during magnetization when magnetizing a permanent magnet in each core In the manufacturing method of a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine provided with a conductive short-circuit coil in which a short-circuit current flows by
Using a pair of conductive bars having a stepped portion corresponding to the length corresponding to the skew at the center portion, and a space plate having a space portion into which the stepped portion of this conductive bar enters,
A space plate is arranged at the boundary of the divided iron core portions, and the step portions of the conductive bars are accommodated in the space portions of the space plates, and the pair of conductive bars are placed in the short-circuit coil insertion holes of the iron core portions. Insert,
A manufacturing method of a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, wherein a short circuit coil is formed by connecting a tip of the conductive bar at an axial end face of each iron core to form a short circuit connection. A magnetic pole is formed by using two or more kinds of permanent magnets having different products of coercive force and magnetization direction thickness, and a plurality of the magnetic poles are arranged in the rotor core to form a rotor. A stator is disposed in the diameter via an air gap, an armature core and an armature winding are provided on the stator, and at least one of permanent magnets constituting the magnetic pole of the rotor by a magnetic field generated by the armature winding. Magnetize the pieces,
The rotor core is divided into two or more in the axial direction, the magnetic pole positions of the divided cores are skewed in the circumferential direction, and magnetic flux generated during magnetization when magnetizing a permanent magnet in each core In the manufacturing method of a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine provided with a conductive short-circuit coil in which a short-circuit current flows by
A pair of conductive material injection holes are formed in each of the divided iron core portions, and the pair of conductive member injection holes of each iron core portion are formed at positions shifted by a length corresponding to the skew, and the center of each iron core portion is formed. A space plate having a space portion communicating with the conductive material injection hole of each iron core portion is provided in the portion, and an end plate having a short-circuit connection portion is provided at an axial end portion of each iron core,
In a state where these iron cores, space plates and end plates are integrated, a conductive material injection hole, a space portion and a short-circuit connection portion are injected with a molten conductive material,
A method of manufacturing a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, characterized in that a short circuit coil is obtained by solidifying an injected conductive material. A magnetic pole is formed by using two or more kinds of permanent magnets having different products of coercive force and magnetization direction thickness, and a plurality of the magnetic poles are arranged in the rotor core to form a rotor. A stator is disposed in the diameter via an air gap, an armature core and an armature winding are provided on the stator, and at least one of permanent magnets constituting the magnetic pole of the rotor by a magnetic field generated by the armature winding. Magnetize the pieces,
The rotor core is divided into two or more in the axial direction, the magnetic pole positions of the divided cores are skewed in the circumferential direction, and magnetic flux generated during magnetization when magnetizing a permanent magnet in each core In the manufacturing method of a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine provided with a conductive short-circuit coil in which a short-circuit current flows by
The positions of the insertion holes of the short-circuit coils formed in the respective iron cores divided in the axial direction are aligned with each other, and the short-circuit coil insertion holes of the respective rotor cores communicate with each other even when the iron core is skewed. Place a space board with such a space,
In the state where each iron core and space plate are lined up, insert the conductive bar from the axial direction of the rotor,
After that, by twisting the core portion divided in the axial direction by an angle for skewing, a conductive bar having a step by a skew angle is formed at the boundary portion of each core portion,
A manufacturing method of a permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine, wherein a short circuit coil is formed by connecting a tip of the conductive bar at an axial end face of each iron core to form a short circuit connection.

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