JP2010127662A - 18f-fdg synthesis chamber and method of removing radioactive material discharged therefrom - Google Patents
18f-fdg synthesis chamber and method of removing radioactive material discharged therefrom Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2010127662A JP2010127662A JP2008300267A JP2008300267A JP2010127662A JP 2010127662 A JP2010127662 A JP 2010127662A JP 2008300267 A JP2008300267 A JP 2008300267A JP 2008300267 A JP2008300267 A JP 2008300267A JP 2010127662 A JP2010127662 A JP 2010127662A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- activated carbon
- carbon fiber
- synthesis chamber
- fiber filter
- fdg
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- ZCXUVYAZINUVJD-AHXZWLDOSA-N 2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-alpha-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H]([18F])[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O ZCXUVYAZINUVJD-AHXZWLDOSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- AOYNUTHNTBLRMT-SLPGGIOYSA-N 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](F)C=O AOYNUTHNTBLRMT-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002600 positron emission tomography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000032 diagnostic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940039227 diagnostic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 4
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 instrument Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005266 beta plus decay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012217 radiopharmaceutical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121896 radiopharmaceutical Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002799 radiopharmaceutical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxocalcium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Ca]=O HUAUNKAZQWMVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は、陽電子放射断層診断において診断薬として用いられる１８Ｆ ＦＤＧ（フルオロデオキシグルコース）を合成する施設（合成室）、及びそこから排出される放射性物質の除去方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a facility (synthesis room) for synthesizing 18 F FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) used as a diagnostic agent in positron emission tomography diagnosis, and a method for removing radioactive substances discharged therefrom.
医療機関では、癌発生部位の早期発見、早期治療の要求から、腫瘍に集まる性質を持つ化合物の一部の元素を放射性核種に置き換え、患者に投与し、体外から放射線を計測し、腫瘍部位を特定する放射線診断（インビボ診断）が行われている。近年、患者の不要な被ばくを避けるために、半減期が短く物質透過性の高いγ線を持つ放射性核種で標識した化合物が求められ、１崩壊（β＋壊変）につき５１１ｋｅＶのγ線を反対方向に２本放出する、ポジトロン放出核種による標識化合物が用いられている。この標識化合物を用いた診断装置は、陽電子放射断層撮影装置（ＰＥＴ：Ｐｏｓｉｔｒｏｎ Ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ Ｔｏｍｏｇｒａｐｈｙ）と呼ばれ、小さな腫瘍部位まで発見できることから、多くの医療機関で設置されている。 In medical institutions, due to the need for early detection and early treatment of cancerous sites, some elements of compounds that gather in tumors are replaced with radionuclides, administered to patients, radiation is measured outside the body, and tumor sites are identified. Specific radiodiagnosis (in vivo diagnosis) is performed. In recent years, in order to avoid unnecessary exposure to patients, compounds labeled with radionuclides having a short half-life and a high permeability to gamma rays have been sought, and 511 keV gamma rays per decay (β + decay) are directed in the opposite direction. Two labeled compounds with positron emitting nuclides are used. A diagnostic device using this labeling compound is called a positron emission tomography (PET), and can be found even in a small tumor site, and is installed in many medical institutions.
標識化合物に主に用いられる放射性核種は、１１Ｃ、１３Ｎ、１５Ｏ、１８Ｆなどである。これらの核種は、その半減期（寿命）の短さから、主に実際に診断を行う医療機関において、陽子や重陽子を加速する超小型サイクロトロンによって製造される。製造後、これら核種は、自動的に合成装置に送られて医療用診断薬（標識化合物）となる。標識化合物は、純度や投与量の調整後、検査室で被検者に投与される。腫瘍細胞の糖分の消費が高いことを利用した多糖類、１８Ｆ ＦＤＧ（フルオロデオキシグルコース）が近年良く用いられている。１８Ｆは、水（Ｈ２Ｏ）の構成原子である酸素を非放射性同位体である１８Ｏで置き換えたＨ２ １８Ｏ（ターゲット）にサイクロトロンで加速した陽子を照射して得られる。１８Ｆ ＦＤＧは、合成室と呼ばれる小さなクリーンルームに置かれた専用の自動合成装置でフッ素化といわれる工程を経て合成される。 Radionuclides mainly used for labeling compounds are 11 C, 13 N, 15 O, 18 F, and the like. Because of their short half-life (lifetime), these nuclides are produced by ultra-small cyclotrons that accelerate protons and deuterons mainly in medical institutions that actually perform diagnosis. After production, these nuclides are automatically sent to a synthesizer to become a medical diagnostic agent (labeled compound). The labeled compound is administered to the subject in the laboratory after adjusting the purity and dose. In recent years, a polysaccharide, 18 F FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose), which utilizes the high sugar content of tumor cells, has been frequently used. 18 F is obtained by irradiating protons accelerated by a cyclotron to H 2 18 O (target) in which oxygen which is a constituent atom of water (H 2 O) is replaced by 18 O which is a non-radioactive isotope. 18 F FDG is synthesized through a process called fluorination by a dedicated automatic synthesizer placed in a small clean room called a synthesis room.
自動合成装置は、ヘリウム漏洩検出器などにより漏洩検査がなされている。しかし、試薬、器具及びイオン交換樹脂カラムなどの交換・接続時に接続部分から漏洩する可能性がある。また、反応系内のガスを系外に放出する際に含まれる未反応の１８Ｆはソーダライム等の吸収剤により除去されるが、使われている吸収剤の劣化が原因で１８Ｆが放出されることがある。漏洩する容量が微小であっても、放射線量としては非常に多い。製造を途中で中止した場合、放射能の減衰を待って分解・洗浄等を行わなくてはならないため、その日のうちに再度製造・合成を行うことは困難である。また、漏洩量が多く、排気中の放射性物質濃度が上がり、関係法令で定められた規制値を越えると、法令違反扱いとなり、しばらく放射性医薬品の製造、診断業務を中止しなければならず、患者に迷惑をおよぼす。そのため、合成室内に設置された自動合成装置から僅かな漏洩で生じた汚染された空気は、合成室に接続するダクトによって放射線施設の排気浄化設備に運ばれ、そこでＨＥＰＡフィルターやチャコールフィルターにより浄化される。 The automatic synthesizer is inspected for leaks with a helium leak detector or the like. However, there is a possibility of leakage from the connection part when the reagent, instrument, ion exchange resin column, etc. are exchanged or connected. Moreover, unreacted 18 F contained when the gas in the reaction system is released to the outside of the system is removed by an absorbent such as soda lime, but 18 F is released due to deterioration of the used absorbent. May be. Even if the leakage capacity is very small, the radiation dose is very large. If the production is stopped halfway, it must be disassembled and washed after waiting for the decay of radioactivity, and it is difficult to carry out production and synthesis again within the same day. In addition, if the amount of radioactive material in the exhaust gas is high and the concentration of radioactive substances in the exhaust gas is increased and exceeds the regulation values stipulated by related laws and regulations, it will be treated as a violation of laws and regulations, and the manufacturing and diagnosis of radiopharmaceuticals must be suspended for a while. Inconvenience. Therefore, polluted air generated by a slight leak from the automatic synthesizer installed in the synthesis chamber is carried to the exhaust purification equipment of the radiation facility by a duct connected to the synthesis chamber, where it is purified by a HEPA filter or a charcoal filter. The
一方、１８Ｆ ＦＤＧを合成する際には未反応のフッ化水素（ＨＦ）がガス成分に多量に含まれているが、ＨＥＰＡフィルターはガス成分の浄化には対応していない。ガス成分に対応するためには一般的には放射線施設の排気浄化設備にチャコールフィルターを設置する必要がある。しかしながら、排気浄化設備におけるチャコールフィルターは、空気中に含まれる微量ガスや湿気を吸着し、１８Ｆガス及び中間生成物の捕集性能が劣化（ウェザリング）する。また、排気浄化設備は合成室以外の室内空気も浄化するようにダクトが接続されているため、劣化が激しく、処理風量も多いため、交換する場合フィルターが大型となりコスト高となる。 On the other hand, when synthesizing 18 F FDG, a large amount of unreacted hydrogen fluoride (HF) is contained in the gas component, but the HEPA filter does not support purification of the gas component. In order to cope with gas components, it is generally necessary to install a charcoal filter in the exhaust purification equipment of a radiation facility. However, the charcoal filter in the exhaust purification equipment adsorbs trace gases and moisture contained in the air, and the collection performance of 18 F gas and intermediate products deteriorates (weathering). Further, since the exhaust purification equipment is connected to the duct so as to purify indoor air other than the synthesis chamber, the exhaust purification equipment is severely deteriorated and has a large amount of processing air flow.
本発明は、上記の従来技術の問題を解消するために創案されたものであり、その目的は、陽電子放射断層診断装置において使用される１８Ｆ ＦＤＧ（フルオロデオキシグルコース）を合成する合成室内から発生するガス状の放射性物質を監視しつつ効率よく捕集できる合成室、及びそこから排出される放射性物質の除去方法を提供することにある。 The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and its purpose is generated from a synthesis chamber for synthesizing 18 F FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) used in a positron emission tomography diagnostic apparatus. Another object of the present invention is to provide a synthesis chamber that can efficiently collect gaseous radioactive materials while monitoring them, and a method for removing radioactive materials discharged therefrom.
本発明者らは、かかる目的を達成するために放射性物質の除去に好適な合成室について鋭意検討した結果、本発明の完成に至った。
即ち、本発明は、陽電子放射断層診断装置において診断薬として用いられる１８Ｆ ＦＤＧ（フルオロデオキシグルコース）を合成する合成室において、合成室の排気口に放射性物質を除去するための活性炭素繊維フィルターが配設されていること、及び活性炭素繊維フィルターの上流側及び下流側に各側の放射線量を測定するための放射線測定装置が取り付けられていることを特徴とする１８Ｆ ＦＤＧ（フルオロデオキシグルコース）合成室である。
The inventors of the present invention have intensively studied a synthesis chamber suitable for removal of radioactive substances in order to achieve such an object, and as a result, the present invention has been completed.
That is, according to the present invention, there is provided an activated carbon fiber filter for removing radioactive substances at an exhaust port of a synthesis chamber in a synthesis chamber for synthesizing 18 F FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) used as a diagnostic agent in a positron emission tomography diagnostic apparatus. 18 F FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose), characterized in that a radiation measuring device for measuring the radiation dose on each side is attached to the upstream side and the downstream side of the activated carbon fiber filter. It is a synthesis room.
本発明の合成室の好ましい態様では、活性炭素繊維フィルターが、交換可能なカートリッジタイプのものである。 In a preferred embodiment of the synthesis chamber of the present invention, the activated carbon fiber filter is of a replaceable cartridge type.
また、本発明は、陽電子放射断層診断装置において診断薬として用いられる１８Ｆ ＦＤＧ（フルオロデオキシグルコース）を合成する合成室から排出される放射性物質を除去する方法において、合成室の排気口に活性炭素繊維フィルターを配設して放射性物質を除去すること、及び活性炭素繊維フィルターの上流側及び下流側に放射線測定装置を取り付けて活性炭素繊維フィルターの上流側及び下流側の放射線量を測定することを特徴とする方法である。 The present invention also relates to a method for removing radioactive substances discharged from a synthesis chamber for synthesizing 18 F FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) used as a diagnostic agent in a positron emission tomography diagnostic apparatus, and for the activated carbon at the exhaust port of the synthesis chamber. Installing a fiber filter to remove radioactive materials, and attaching radiation measuring devices upstream and downstream of the activated carbon fiber filter to measure the radiation dose upstream and downstream of the activated carbon fiber filter It is a characteristic method.
本発明の方法の好ましい態様では、活性炭素繊維フィルターが、交換可能なカートリッジタイプのものであり、測定した活性炭素繊維フィルターの下流側の放射線量及び／又は下流側／上流側の放射線量比の値が設定値以上になったときに放射線測定装置がそれを知らせる。 In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the activated carbon fiber filter is of a replaceable cartridge type, and the measured radiation dose downstream and / or downstream / upstream radiation dose ratio of the activated carbon fiber filter. When the value exceeds the set value, the radiation measuring device notifies it.
本発明によれば、圧力損失が小さく捕集効率の高い活性炭素繊維フィルターを合成室の排気口に取付けることにより、１８Ｆガス及び中間生成物の局所捕集が可能となり、放射線科全体の排気浄化設備に設置したチャコールフィルターによる除去に比べ極めてコストの低い排気処理が可能である。また、合成室から漏洩した１８Ｆガス及び中間生成物を確実に捕集するので、排気中の放射線量が限度を超えるおそれは極めて低く法令違反を防ぐ効果がある。また、活性炭素繊維フィルターの上流側及び下流側の空気中の放射線量を監視することにより、１８Ｆガス及び中間生成物漏洩の有無及び漏洩箇所の特定ができ、かつ取り付けた活性炭素繊維フィルターの劣化程度（交換時期）の判断ができる。また、活性炭素繊維フィルターはカートリッジタイプとなっており、簡単に交換することが可能である。 According to the present invention, by attaching an activated carbon fiber filter with low pressure loss and high collection efficiency to the exhaust port of the synthesis chamber, it is possible to locally collect 18 F gas and intermediate products, and exhaust the entire radiology department. Compared with the removal by the charcoal filter installed in the purification equipment, the exhaust treatment can be performed at a very low cost. In addition, since 18 F gas and intermediate products leaked from the synthesis chamber are reliably collected, there is an extremely low possibility that the radiation dose in the exhaust gas will exceed the limit, and there is an effect of preventing violation of laws and regulations. Also, by monitoring the amount of radiation in the air upstream and downstream of the activated carbon fiber filter, it is possible to identify the presence and location of the 18 F gas and intermediate product leakage, and the attached activated carbon fiber filter. The degree of deterioration (replacement time) can be judged. The activated carbon fiber filter is a cartridge type and can be easily replaced.
本発明の合成室及びそこでの放射性物質の除去方法を以下に説明する。 The synthesis chamber of the present invention and the method for removing radioactive substances therein will be described below.
図１は、本発明の１８Ｆ ＦＤＧ（フルオロデオキシグルコース）の合成室の一例の概略図を示す。本発明の合成室は、活性炭素繊維フィルター及び放射線測定装置を設置していることを除いては基本的に従来の１８Ｆ ＦＤＧの合成室と同じ態様のものである。 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an example of the synthesis chamber of 18 F FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) of the present invention. The synthesis chamber of the present invention is basically the same as the conventional synthesis chamber of 18 F FDG except that an activated carbon fiber filter and a radiation measuring device are installed.
本発明の合成室における１８Ｆ ＦＤＧの合成及び放射性物質の除去の流れを図１に基づいて説明する。まず、外気が外調器１によって取り入れられ、その外気はプレフィルター（ＨＥＰＡフィルター）によって浄化され、ファン３、ダンパー４によって流量調整しながら合成室内５に入り、合成装置６に送られる。合成装置６では、この外気を利用して１８Ｆ ＦＤＧが合成され、合成された標識化合物が陽電子放射断層診断装置に送られる（図示せず）。一方、合成室内では、メンテナンス時の配管の取替え、接続時に１８Ｆガスや中間生成物等の放射性物質が漏れて存在することがある。この放射性物質は、合成室の排気口に配設された活性炭素繊維フィルター８によって除去され、浄化された気体は、ダンパー４で流量調整されながら排気ダクト７を経て放射線施設の排気浄化装置に送られる。 The flow of synthesis of 18 F FDG and removal of radioactive substances in the synthesis chamber of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. First, outside air is taken in by the external conditioner 1, the outside air is purified by a prefilter (HEPA filter), enters the synthesis chamber 5 while adjusting the flow rate by the fan 3 and the damper 4, and is sent to the synthesis device 6. In the synthesizer 6, 18 F FDG is synthesized using this outside air, and the synthesized labeled compound is sent to the positron emission tomography diagnostic apparatus (not shown). On the other hand, radioactive materials such as 18 F gas and intermediate products may leak and exist in the synthesis chamber when pipes are replaced during maintenance and when connected. This radioactive substance is removed by the activated carbon fiber filter 8 disposed at the exhaust port of the synthesis chamber, and the purified gas is sent to the exhaust purification device of the radiation facility through the exhaust duct 7 while the flow rate is adjusted by the damper 4. It is done.
活性炭素繊維フィルター８の上流側（合成室側）と下流側（排気ダクト側）には、それぞれの側の放射線量を測定するためにビニル管等のサンプリングチューブ９ａ，９ｂが取り付けられ、サンプリングされた空気はサンプリングポンプ１２ａ，１２ｂによって例えば１５ｌ／分の速度でこれらのチューブを経て検出室１０ａ，１０ｂに送られ、そこでＧＭ管１１ａ，１１ｂによって放射線量が測定され、サーベイメータ計測部１３ａ，１３ｂで記録される。 Sampling tubes 9a and 9b, such as vinyl tubes, are attached to the upstream side (synthesis chamber side) and downstream side (exhaust duct side) of the activated carbon fiber filter 8 in order to measure the radiation dose on each side. The air is sent to the detection chambers 10a and 10b through these tubes by the sampling pumps 12a and 12b, for example, at a speed of 15 l / min, where the radiation dose is measured by the GM tubes 11a and 11b, and the survey meter measuring units 13a and 13b. To be recorded.
図２は、合成室の排気口における活性炭素繊維の取り付け部分の拡大図を示す。図２に示すように、活性炭素繊維８は、交換可能なようにカートリッジタイプのものであり、フィルターフレーム１５に固定される。使用される活性炭素繊維フィルターは、放射性核種１８Ｆの捕集効率が高く、成型可能な形態を有し、かつ通気抵抗の低いものが望ましい。例えば、活性炭素繊維には不織布状、織布状、編地状のものがあるが、フィルターにする形状や交換周期、設置スペースや処理能力に応じて適宜選択される。これら活性炭素繊維は平板状のシートに補強用のための化学繊維で構成されるシートを積層・接着し、複合ろ材として所定の寸法にカットし、フィルターとして供されることが好ましい。ろ材は平板状での使用か、または取り付けスペースに余裕がある場合、交換周期を長くするため菊花状やプリーツ状に成形して幾何表面積を上げたフィルターとして取り付けても良い。活性炭素繊維は、１３００ｍ２／ｇ以上の比表面積の材料で放射性物質を捕集することが好ましい。放射性物質の捕集は短期間であれば活性炭素繊維はそのままで使用できるが、数ヶ月の使用を想定する場合、長期通気（ウェザリング）による劣化の影響が出てくる場合がある。ウェザリングによる劣化は、大気中の酸性ガスの影響が大きいと考えられ、劣化を防止するために未反応の活性炭素繊維にアルカリ性物質を添着することが好ましい。添着が可能なアルカリ性物質には水酸基を有するもの、炭酸塩、アミン類などがあるが、特に、１，４−ジアザビシクロ−（２，２，２）オクタン（ＤＡＢＣＯ）はウェザリング特性が良く、好適に用いられる。得られた活性炭フィルターはカートリッジによる交換が可能なようにフレームに取り付けられる。フレームは使用後に燃焼可能なものであることが好ましく、特に厚紙、プラスチック、合板が好適に用いられる。 FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of a portion where the activated carbon fiber is attached at the exhaust port of the synthesis chamber. As shown in FIG. 2, the activated carbon fiber 8 is of a cartridge type so as to be replaceable, and is fixed to the filter frame 15. The activated carbon fiber filter used preferably has a high collection efficiency of the radionuclide 18 F, has a formable shape, and has a low ventilation resistance. For example, activated carbon fibers include nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, and knitted fabrics, which are appropriately selected according to the shape of the filter, the replacement cycle, the installation space, and the processing capacity. These activated carbon fibers are preferably provided as a filter by laminating and adhering a sheet made of reinforcing chemical fibers to a flat sheet, cutting it into a predetermined size as a composite filter medium. The filter medium may be used in the form of a flat plate, or may be attached as a filter having an increased geometric surface area by forming it into a chrysanthemum shape or a pleat shape in order to lengthen the replacement period when there is a sufficient space for attachment. The activated carbon fiber preferably collects radioactive substances with a material having a specific surface area of 1300 m 2 / g or more. For the collection of radioactive materials, activated carbon fibers can be used as they are for a short period of time. However, when they are assumed to be used for several months, there may be an effect of deterioration due to long-term ventilation (weathering). Deterioration due to weathering is considered to be largely affected by acidic gas in the atmosphere, and it is preferable to add an alkaline substance to unreacted activated carbon fibers in order to prevent deterioration. Alkaline substances that can be attached include those having a hydroxyl group, carbonates, amines, and the like. In particular, 1,4-diazabicyclo- (2,2,2) octane (DABCO) has good weathering characteristics and is suitable. Used. The obtained activated carbon filter is attached to the frame so that it can be replaced by a cartridge. The frame is preferably combustible after use, and cardboard, plastic and plywood are particularly preferably used.
除去すべき１８Ｆは陽電子及びγ線を放出するため、放射線量の測定にはガイガーミュラー（ＧＭ）カウンターや電離箱、シンチレーションカウンターなどの放射線測定装置を用いる。測定した放射線量をリアルタイムで連続して表示・記録するためには、チャート紙やデータロガー等を使用することが好ましい。また、本発明では、測定した活性炭素繊維フィルターの下流側の放射線量が設定値以上になった場合及び／または下流側の放射線量／上流側の放射線量の比の値が設定値以上になった場合に、放射線測定装置がそれを表示または音などで知らせるようにすることができる。これにより活性炭素繊維フィルターの交換時期や合成室内の異常を迅速に知ることができる。 Since 18 F to be removed emits positrons and γ-rays, a radiation measuring device such as a Geiger-Muller (GM) counter, ionization chamber, or scintillation counter is used to measure the radiation dose. In order to continuously display and record the measured radiation dose in real time, it is preferable to use chart paper or a data logger. Further, in the present invention, when the measured radiation dose on the downstream side of the activated carbon fiber filter is equal to or higher than the set value, and / or the ratio of the downstream radiation dose / upstream radiation dose ratio is equal to or higher than the set value. In such a case, the radiation measuring apparatus can notify the user of this by display or sound. Thereby, it is possible to quickly know the replacement time of the activated carbon fiber filter and the abnormality in the synthesis chamber.
以下に実施例を示すが、以下の実施例は本発明を制限するものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で変更実施することは全て本発明の技術範囲に包含される。 Examples are shown below, but the following examples do not limit the present invention, and all modifications that are made without departing from the spirit of the present invention are included in the technical scope of the present invention.
（フィルターの製造）
目付６０ｇ／ｍ２、厚み０．５０ｍｍ、比表面積１３５０ｍ２／ｇ、繊維径１２μｍの繊維状活性炭からなる編物状シート２枚を目付１５ｇ／ｍ２の熱溶融性接着シート（鞘ＰＶＡ／芯ＰＰ）により８２℃で積層接着してシート化した。さらに該シートに１，４−ジアザビシクロ−（２，２，２）オクタン（ＤＡＢＣＯ）を１４重量％添着し、さらに両側に目付２５ｇ／ｍ２のポリプロピレン製スパンボンド不織布を目付１５ｇ／ｍ２の熱溶融性接着シート（鞘ＰＶＡ／芯ＰＰ）で接着し、活性炭素繊維ろ材を得た。該ろ材を１５０ｍｍ角にカットし、接着剤を塗布した外寸１５ｃｍ角、内寸１４ｃｍ角、厚み１．０ｍｍの正方形の厚紙枠２枚で挟み、フィルターとした。
(Manufacture of filters)
Two knitted sheets made of fibrous activated carbon having a basis weight of 60 g / m 2 , a thickness of 0.50 mm, a specific surface area of 1350 m 2 / g, and a fiber diameter of 12 μm are heat melt adhesive sheets (sheath PVA / core PP) having a basis weight of 15 g / m 2. ) Was laminated and bonded at 82 ° C. to form a sheet. Furthermore, 14% by weight of 1,4-diazabicyclo- (2,2,2) octane (DABCO) was attached to the sheet, and a polypropylene spunbonded nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 25 g / m 2 was applied to both sides with a heat of 15 g / m 2 . Bonded with a meltable adhesive sheet (sheath PVA / core PP) to obtain an activated carbon fiber filter medium. The filter medium was cut into a 150 mm square, and sandwiched between two square cardboard frames having an outer dimension of 15 cm square, an inner dimension of 14 cm square, and a thickness of 1.0 mm, to which an adhesive was applied, to obtain a filter.
（フィルター及び放射線測定装置の取り付け）
内容積１．２ｍ３の図１に示すような合成室の上面にある内寸１５０ｍｍΦの排気口の排気風速を秒速１ｍに設定し、外寸１５０ｍｍ角、内寸１４０ｍｍ角のフレームを取り付け、フレームに上で作製したフィルターを取り付けた。フィルターとフレームの取り付けは、外寸１５０ｍｍ角、内寸１４０ｍｍ角のフレームをもう１枚用意し、ねじ止めした。フィルターの上流側と、フィルターの下流側にサンプリングのためのビニル管を取り付け、各々をポンプに接続し、フィルターの上下流の空気をサンプリングできるように設置した。サンプリングされた空気は上下流各々毎分１５リットルで内径８０ｍｍ、高さ５０ｍｍの円筒形の空間に送られ、空間上部に設置されたＧＭカウンターと記録計によって空気中の放射線量が測定されるようにした。
(Attaching the filter and radiation measuring device)
The exhaust velocity of the exhaust port of the internal dimensions 150mmΦ on the top of the synthesis chamber as shown in Figure 1 having an inner volume of 1.2 m 3 is set to per second 1 m, external dimensions 150mm square, a frame of internal dimensions 140mm square mounting frame The filter prepared above was attached. For attaching the filter and the frame, another frame having an outer dimension of 150 mm square and an inner dimension of 140 mm square was prepared and screwed. Vinyl pipes for sampling were attached to the upstream side of the filter and the downstream side of the filter, and each was connected to a pump so that the air upstream and downstream of the filter could be sampled. The sampled air is sent to a cylindrical space with an inner diameter of 80 mm and a height of 50 mm at 15 liters per minute upstream and downstream, and the radiation dose in the air is measured by a GM counter and a recorder installed in the upper part of the space. I made it.
（捕集効率の測定）
１８Ｆ ＦＤＧの合成室を実際に稼動させ、合成開始から２５分後のピーク時での捕集効率を測定したところ、８３％であった。なお、この捕集効率の測定では結果を迅速に得るために排気口の風速を通常の８ｃｍ／秒ではなく、１ｍ／秒を採用して行った。
(Measurement of collection efficiency)
The 18 F FDG synthesis chamber was actually operated, and the collection efficiency at the peak at 25 minutes after the start of synthesis was measured. As a result, it was 83%. In this measurement of the collection efficiency, in order to obtain the result quickly, the wind speed at the exhaust port was set at 1 m / sec instead of the usual 8 cm / sec.
１ ： 外調器
２ ： プレフィルター（ＨＥＰＡフィルター）
３ ： ファン
４ ： ダンパー
５ ： 合成室内
６ ： 合成装置
７ ： 排気ダクト
８ ： 活性炭素繊維フィルター
９ａ ： サンプリングチューブ（上流側）
９ｂ ： サンプリングチューブ（下流側）
１０ａ： 検出室（上流側）
１０ｂ： 検出室（下流側）
１１ａ： ＧＭ管（上流側）
１１ｂ： ＧＭ管（下流側）
１２ａ： サンプリングポンプ（上流側）
１２ｂ： サンプリングポンプ（下流側）
１３ａ： サーベイメーター計測部（上流側）
１３ｂ： サーベイメーター計測部（下流側）
１４ ： 記録計
１５ ： フィルターフレーム
1: External controller 2: Pre-filter (HEPA filter)
3: Fan 4: Damper 5: Synthetic chamber 6: Synthesizer 7: Exhaust duct 8: Activated carbon fiber filter 9a: Sampling tube (upstream side)
9b: Sampling tube (downstream side)
10a: Detection chamber (upstream side)
10b: Detection chamber (downstream side)
11a: GM pipe (upstream side)
11b: GM pipe (downstream)
12a: Sampling pump (upstream side)
12b: Sampling pump (downstream)
13a: Survey meter measuring unit (upstream side)
13b: Survey meter measuring section (downstream side)
14: Recorder 15: Filter frame
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008300267A JP5299897B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2008-11-26 | 18FFDG synthesis chamber and method for removing radioactive material discharged therefrom |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008300267A JP5299897B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2008-11-26 | 18FFDG synthesis chamber and method for removing radioactive material discharged therefrom |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2010127662A true JP2010127662A (en) | 2010-06-10 |
| JP5299897B2 JP5299897B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
Family
ID=42328185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008300267A Active JP5299897B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2008-11-26 | 18FFDG synthesis chamber and method for removing radioactive material discharged therefrom |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5299897B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012157919A2 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-22 | 성균관대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatus for synthesis of radioactive compound |
| KR101276741B1 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2013-06-19 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | Apparatus for synthesis of radioactive compound |
| JP2015203578A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-11-16 | 株式会社ワカイダ・エンジニアリング | Method for removing radioactive material |
| JP2017178865A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | 日本メジフィジックス株式会社 | Apparatus and method for manufacturing radioactive labeled compound |
| JP2018194554A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-06 | 株式会社ワカイダ・エンジニアリング | Filter unit and synthesis chamber |
| JP2021092519A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-17 | 豊 橋本 | Polluted water treatment device |
| CN113393951A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-14 | 江苏华益科技有限公司 | Waste gas collecting device and method for radionuclide synthesis |
| CN113402568A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-17 | 四川玖谊源粒子科技有限公司 | Synthesis system for preparing positron medicine 18F-FDG |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103913761B (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2016-05-25 | 中国人民解放军63653部队 | In a kind of active activated carbon method222The detection efficient measuring method of Rn |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05264415A (en) * | 1992-03-17 | 1993-10-12 | Unitika Ltd | Radioactive-gas capturing filter |
| JPH09152498A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1997-06-10 | Tokyo Denki Komusho:Kk | Mobile local air discharge apparatus for catching of radioactive iodine |
| JP2000162387A (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-06-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and device for judging exchange timing of chemical filter |
| JP2004069383A (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-03-04 | Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Inst States Of Projects | Method and apparatus for processing waste from nuclear fuel cycle facility |
| JP2004205490A (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-07-22 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Filter for removing radioactive material |
| JP2006112820A (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-27 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Radioactive material removing filter and filter unit using the same |
| JP2008116280A (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-22 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Material for collecting radioactive iodine, and collection method therefor |
-
2008
- 2008-11-26 JP JP2008300267A patent/JP5299897B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05264415A (en) * | 1992-03-17 | 1993-10-12 | Unitika Ltd | Radioactive-gas capturing filter |
| JPH09152498A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1997-06-10 | Tokyo Denki Komusho:Kk | Mobile local air discharge apparatus for catching of radioactive iodine |
| JP2000162387A (en) * | 1998-11-26 | 2000-06-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Method and device for judging exchange timing of chemical filter |
| JP2004069383A (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-03-04 | Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Inst States Of Projects | Method and apparatus for processing waste from nuclear fuel cycle facility |
| JP2004205490A (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2004-07-22 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Filter for removing radioactive material |
| JP2006112820A (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-27 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Radioactive material removing filter and filter unit using the same |
| JP2008116280A (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-22 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Material for collecting radioactive iodine, and collection method therefor |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012157919A2 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-22 | 성균관대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatus for synthesis of radioactive compound |
| WO2012157919A3 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2013-01-24 | 성균관대학교 산학협력단 | Apparatus for synthesis of radioactive compound |
| KR101245790B1 (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2013-03-20 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | Apparatus for synthesis of radioactive compound |
| KR101276741B1 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2013-06-19 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | Apparatus for synthesis of radioactive compound |
| JP2015203578A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-11-16 | 株式会社ワカイダ・エンジニアリング | Method for removing radioactive material |
| JP2017178865A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | 日本メジフィジックス株式会社 | Apparatus and method for manufacturing radioactive labeled compound |
| JP2018194554A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-06 | 株式会社ワカイダ・エンジニアリング | Filter unit and synthesis chamber |
| JP2021092519A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-17 | 豊 橋本 | Polluted water treatment device |
| JP7295004B2 (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2023-06-20 | 豊 橋本 | Contaminated water treatment equipment |
| CN113402568A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-17 | 四川玖谊源粒子科技有限公司 | Synthesis system for preparing positron medicine 18F-FDG |
| CN113393951A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-09-14 | 江苏华益科技有限公司 | Waste gas collecting device and method for radionuclide synthesis |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5299897B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5299897B2 (en) | 18FFDG synthesis chamber and method for removing radioactive material discharged therefrom | |
| JP2015045648A (en) | Radioactive material removal filter | |
| JP5285171B1 (en) | Method for treating radioactive liquid waste and apparatus for treating radioactive liquid waste | |
| WO2017087699A1 (en) | Method, devices and systems for radon removal from indoor areas | |
| US8919184B2 (en) | Leak testing method and leak testing device for iodine filter | |
| JP3194433B2 (en) | Method for producing gas radionuclide for radiation diagnosis and apparatus for producing gas radionuclide for radiation diagnosis | |
| JP6368129B2 (en) | How to remove radioactive material | |
| JP2005010009A (en) | MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR SEALED 210Pb-210Po alpha-RAY SOURCE (alpha-PARTICLE EMITTER), AND MANUFACTURING DEVICE THEREFOR | |
| JP6341805B2 (en) | Radioactive substance removal method and radioactive substance removal apparatus | |
| Degueldre et al. | Fission gas released from molten salt reactor fuel: the case of noble gas short life radioisotopes for radiopharmaceutical application | |
| CN109387466A (en) | The efficiency inspection system of high efficiency particulate air filter for nuclear leve air cleaning unit | |
| JP6427293B1 (en) | Filter unit and synthesis room | |
| Ramos et al. | New filter for iodine applied in nuclear medicine services | |
| Yasuoka et al. | Radon mitigation using an air cleaner | |
| US9144771B2 (en) | Iodine absorbent material containing salt and radioactive iodine removal system using the same | |
| JP2007183136A (en) | Tritium monitor | |
| KR100996290B1 (en) | Method for purifying air being contaminated by tritiated water vapor and respirator equipment thereof | |
| Stork et al. | 14CO2 measurement in air: literature review and a new sensitive method | |
| JP2000157810A (en) | Air filter for removing chemical substance and clean unit having the same incorporated therein | |
| Coleman et al. | Radon and Radon Daughter Hazards in Mine Atmospheres: Investigations on Supplemental Control | |
| CN109387383A (en) | Method of the detection for the filter efficiency of the high efficiency particulate air filter of nuclear leve air cleaning unit | |
| Yu et al. | Measurement of tracheobronchial dose from simultaneous exposure to environmental radon and thoron progeny | |
| DE102019002394A1 (en) | Monitor for carbon dioxide 14CO2 and tritium 3H | |
| JP2005156464A (en) | Alpha-radioactivity measuring apparatus and method | |
| JP2006090963A (en) | Radioactive dust monitor |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20111125 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20111209 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20121030 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20121213 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20130524 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20130611 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5299897 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| S111 | Request for change of ownership or part of ownership |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313115 |
|
| R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |