JP2010121563A - Pressure adjusting device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pressure adjusting device capable of performing a performance test of a driving mechanism without replacing a perforated plate. <P>SOLUTION: The pressure adjusting device includes piping for communicating the outside air with a turbocharger, a first perforated plate arranged inside the piping and having at least one through-hole, a second perforated plate arranged inside the piping and having at least one through-hole, and a rotating means for relatively rotating the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate. The first perforated plate and the second perforated plate are relatively rotated by the rotating means, the relative position of the through-holes is changed, and an amount of air passing through the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate is adjusted, and the pressure of the air supplied to the turbocharger is adjusted, and thereby, the above problem can be solved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a pressure adjusting device that adjusts the pressure of air supplied from outside air to a turbocharger.

  Currently, there is a drive mechanism including an internal combustion engine and a turbocharger that supplies compressed air using the pressure of air discharged from an exhaust path of the internal combustion engine to an intake system of the internal combustion engine. Such a drive mechanism is subjected to performance tests and durability tests under various conditions in order to confirm the performance and safety of the device. For example, the turbocharger is raised to a high rotational speed that is not used during actual use. There is. Here, the power source for driving the turbocharger has a limit of the capability of the power source itself, and it is sometimes impossible to increase the rotational speed of the turbocharger to a necessary rotational speed.

  In such a case, a plate-like member having a plurality of holes (that is, a perforated plate or a rectifying plate) is arranged in the pipe upstream of the compressor inlet, passes through the pipe, and passes from the outside air to the compressor. The load of the compressor is reduced by giving resistance to the air flow flowing toward the compressor and reducing the pressure of the air flow reaching the compressor. Since the perforated plate can reduce the load on the compressor, it is possible to perform a performance test and a durability test in which the turbocharger is rotated at a desired high rotational speed.

  Here, as a perforated plate, there exists a perforated plate as described in patent document 1, for example. The perforated plate described in Patent Document 1 is not a pipe that supplies outside air to the turbocharger, but is a perforated plate that rectifies the refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant passage of the air conditioner. One or a plurality of perforated plates are closed so that the opening area of the holes (or combination holes) is small in a portion where a refrigerant with a high bubble content flows, and large in a portion where a refrigerant with a low bubble content flows. It is described that they are arranged as follows.

JP 2004-76957 A

  Thus, by providing the perforated plate, the load on the compressor is reduced. Specifically, when the turbocharger is rotated at the same rotation speed, the load applied to the compressor is made smaller than in the configuration without the perforated plate. It is possible to increase the rotational speed of the turbocharger.

  However, in order to change the pressure reduction rate when the pressure reduction rate is not appropriate when the pressure reduction rate is not appropriate, the porous plate is manufactured again, Will be installed. Replacing the perforated plate in this way takes cost and time. Moreover, since the pressure reduction rate cannot be changed easily, when the pressure reduction rate is changed, the test will be performed again at a later date. For this reason, it is necessary to strictly select the turbocharger turbine and the perforated plate at the start of the test, but it is difficult to accurately set an appropriate decompression rate.

  This invention is made in view of the above, Comprising: It is providing the pressure regulator which makes it possible to perform the performance test of a drive mechanism, without replacing | exchanging a perforated plate.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention is a pressure adjusting device that adjusts the pressure of air supplied from outside air to the turbocharger, and a pipe that communicates the outside air with the turbocharger. A plate-like member disposed inside the pipe and closing the pipe, and a first perforated plate in which at least one through-hole is formed; and a plate-like member arranged inside the pipe and closing the pipe And a second perforated plate in which at least one through-hole is formed, and a rotating means for relatively rotating the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate, The first perforated plate and the second perforated plate are relatively rotated to change the relative positions of the through holes formed in the first perforated plate and the through holes formed in the second perforated plate, Passes through the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate That by adjusting the amount of air, and adjusting the pressure of air supplied to the turbocharger.

  Here, it is preferable that the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate are disposed at a predetermined distance from each other.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention is a pressure adjusting device for adjusting the pressure of air supplied from the outside air to the turbocharger, and communicates the outside air with the turbocharger. A pipe, a plate-like member disposed inside the pipe and closing the pipe, and having at least one through hole formed therein; and an opening diameter adjusting means for adjusting the opening diameter of the through hole. It is characterized by having.

  Here, the perforated plate is formed of a stretchable member, and the opening diameter adjusting means includes a cavity formed inside the perforated plate and a pressure adjusting mechanism for adjusting the pressure of the cavity, It is preferable to change the opening diameter of the through hole by adjusting the pressure of the cavity by the pressure adjusting mechanism.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention is a pressure adjusting device for adjusting the pressure of air supplied from the outside air to the turbocharger, and communicates the outside air with the turbocharger. A pipe, a plate-like member disposed inside the pipe and closing the pipe, and having at least one through-hole formed therein; and a plate arranged inside the pipe and closing the pipe A second perforated plate that is a member and has at least one through hole formed therein, and moves at least one of the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate along the extending direction of the pipe, It has an interval adjusting means for adjusting an interval between the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate.

  Here, it is preferable to be used during a performance test of the internal combustion engine and the turbocharger.

  The pressure adjusting device according to the present invention can adjust the pressure reduction rate without replacing the perforated plate in a state of being arranged in the pipe, and can perform a performance test at a desired pressure reduction rate in a short time. There is an effect.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a pressure adjusting device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, although the following embodiment demonstrates as a case where a pressure regulator is used for a diesel engine, this invention is not limited by this embodiment. For example, the drive mechanism is not limited to a diesel engine, and can be used for various drive mechanisms using a turbocharger.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of a diesel engine having a pressure adjusting device of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the diesel engine (drive mechanism) 10 includes an engine body 11, a supercharger 24, a control device 33, and a pressure adjustment device 40.

  The engine body 11 includes a plurality of cylinder bores 12, pistons 13 corresponding to the respective cylinder bores 12, combustion chambers 14, intake ports 15, exhaust ports 16, intake valves 17, exhaust valves 18, and high pressure injectors 19. And an intake pipe 20 and an exhaust pipe 22. In FIG. 1, only one cylinder bore 12 among the plurality of cylinder bores 12 is shown in order to clarify the configuration of the engine body 11.

  The piston 13 is supported by each cylinder bore 12 so as to be movable up and down. The combustion chamber 14 is an area defined by the engine body 11 and the top surface of the piston 13. An intake port 15 and an exhaust port 16 communicate with the upper portion of the combustion chamber 14, and an intake valve 17 is disposed at the lower end of the intake port 15 (that is, the boundary between the intake port 15 and the combustion chamber 14). An exhaust valve 18 is disposed at the lower end of the exhaust port 16 (that is, the boundary between the exhaust port 16 and the combustion chamber 14). The intake valve 17 and the exhaust valve 18 are urged and supported in a direction to close the intake port 15 and the exhaust port 16, and the intake cam and the exhaust cam of the intake cam shaft and the exhaust cam shaft are the intake valve 17 and the exhaust valve 18 respectively. By acting on, the intake port 17 and the exhaust port 18 can be opened and closed. The high-pressure injector 19 has a tip attached to the combustion chamber 14 and injects high-pressure fuel into the combustion chamber 14.

  One end of the intake pipe (intake passage) 20 is connected to the intake port 15 through an intake manifold. An air cleaner 21 is attached to the other end (air intake) of the intake pipe 20. On the other hand, the exhaust pipe (exhaust passage) 22 is connected to the exhaust port 16 via an exhaust manifold. The exhaust pipe 22 is equipped with a catalyst device 23 for purifying harmful substances such as HC, CO, NOx contained in the exhaust gas.

  The diesel engine 10 is provided with a variable capacity supercharger (variable capacity supercharger) 24. The supercharger 24 is a turbocharger, and includes a compressor 25, a turbine 26, a support shaft 27, a nozzle vane 28, and an actuator 29.

  The compressor 25 is provided in the intake pipe 20, and the turbine 26 is provided in the exhaust pipe 22. Further, the support shaft 27 supports the compressor 25 and the turbine 26 and rotates the compressor 25 and the turbine 26 integrally. A large number of nozzle vanes 28 are provided around the turbine 26. Here, the plurality of nozzle vanes 28 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The actuator 29 is an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the opening degree of the nozzle vane 28. The actuator 29 increases the flow rate of the exhaust gas flowing in the turbine 26 by reducing (squeezing) the opening degree of the nozzle vane 28. By increasing the opening degree of 28, the flow velocity of the exhaust gas flowing in the turbine 26 is lowered.

  The control device 33 comprehensively controls the diesel engine. For example, the control device 33 determines the fuel injection amount, the injection timing, etc. based on the engine operating state such as the detection result (engine speed or accelerator opening) input from the engine speed sensor 34, the accelerator opening sensor 35, or the like. Is calculated to control the high pressure injector 19. The control device 33 can control the variable capacity supercharger 24, and the opening degree of the nozzle vane 28 is adjusted based on the engine operating state.

  Next, the pressure adjusting device 40 is disposed at a position upstream of the compressor 25 in the intake pipe 20 and adjusts the pressure of the air supplied to the compressor 25. Here, FIG. 2-1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of the pressure adjusting device 40, and FIG. 2-2 is a front view of the pressure adjusting device shown in FIG. 2-1. FIG. 3 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of the first perforated plate. As illustrated in FIG. 2A, the pressure adjustment device 40 includes a pipe 42, a first porous plate 44, a second porous plate 46, and a rotation mechanism 48.

  The pipe 42 is provided in the intake pipe 20 between the air cleaner 21 and the compressor 25. Thus, when the air is taken into the intake pipe 20, it passes through the air cleaner 21, passes through the pipe 42, and reaches the compressor 25. The first porous plate 44 is a plate-like member having substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of the pipe 42, and a plurality of through holes 50 are formed. The second perforated plate 46 is a member having the same shape as the first perforated plate 44, that is, a plate-like member in which a plurality of through holes 52 are formed and the diameter is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the pipe 42. The first perforated plate 44 is disposed adjacent to the first perforated plate 44 on the upstream side. The rotation mechanism 48 is a rotation mechanism that rotates the second perforated plate 46 in the circumferential direction (the arrow direction in FIG. 2-2) around the center of the pipe 42. The rotating mechanism 48 is a mechanism that can be operated manually or automatically from the outside of the pipe 42, and adjusts the position of the second porous plate 46 by rotating the second porous plate 46 even during operation of the diesel engine 10. be able to.

  The pressure adjusting device 40 is configured as described above, and the air sucked from the tip of the intake pipe 20 passes through the air cleaner 21 and then passes through the through hole 50 of the first perforated plate 44 and the second perforated plate 46. It passes through the hole 52 and reaches the compressor 25. The pressure adjusting device 40 allows the air to pass only through the through hole 50 of the first perforated plate 44 and the through hole 52 of the second perforated plate 46, reduces the air flow path, and resists the air flow. By loading, the pressure of the air supplied to the compressor 25 is reduced. Further, the air flowing through the intake pipe 20 is rectified by passing through the through hole 50 of the first porous plate 44 and the through hole 52 of the second porous plate 46.

  Further, the pressure adjusting device 40 rotates the second porous plate 46 by the rotation mechanism 48 and shifts the position of the through hole 52 of the second porous plate 46 with respect to the through hole 50 of the first porous plate 44 to increase or decrease the resistance. Can be made. That is, the pressure adjustment mechanism 40 adjusts the position of the second porous plate 46 by the rotation mechanism 48, thereby reducing the pressure reduction ratio of the air supplied to the compressor 25 (that is, the pressure of the air before entering the pressure adjustment device 40). The ratio of the pressure of the air discharged from the pressure adjustment device 40) can be adjusted.

  The diesel engine 10 is configured as described above. The diesel engine 10 can perform tests such as a performance test while adjusting the load on the compressor 25 by adjusting the pressure reduction ratio by the pressure adjusting device 40 and adjusting the pressure of the air supplied to the compressor 25. it can. Further, since the flow channel area can be easily calculated based on the relative positions of the through holes 50 of the first porous plate 44 and the through holes 52 of the second porous plate 46, the decompression rate can be easily calculated. Further, even when the diesel engine 10 is in operation, the position of the second porous plate 46 can be adjusted by the rotation mechanism 48, so that the decompression rate can be easily adjusted without stopping the diesel engine 10. Thereby, at the time of the test of the diesel engine 10 (for example, at the time of the test of the engine main body 11 and / or the supercharger 24), the load on the compressor 25 becomes too high, and the rotational speed of the engine main body 11 at the current decompression rate. And / or even when the rotational speed of the turbine 26 (that is, the supercharger 24) cannot be increased, the decompression rate can be increased easily and in a short time without replacing the perforated plate, and at a higher rotational speed. The test can be performed by rotating the engine body 11 and / or the turbine 26.

  In the above embodiment, the through holes 50 and 52 having the same pattern are formed in the first porous plate 44 and the second porous plate 46, but the through holes 50 and the second porous plate formed in the first porous plate 44. The through holes 52 formed in 46 may have a different pattern. For example, the diameter of the through holes 52 may be smaller than the diameter of the through holes 50 to form more through holes 52. Further, the first porous plate 44 and the second porous plate 46 are preferably formed with a large number of through holes 52 and 54, respectively, as in the present embodiment, but it is sufficient if at least one or more through holes are formed. Is not limited. Further, when only one through hole is formed in each of the first perforated plate 44 and the second perforated plate 46, it is necessary to form a through hole formed in one of the perforated plates at a place other than the center of the perforated plate. There is.

  Moreover, it is preferable to arrange | position the 1st perforated plate 44 and the 2nd perforated plate 46 adjacently like this embodiment. By arranging the first perforated plate 44 and the second perforated plate 46 adjacent to each other without a substantial gap, the through hole 50 and the through hole 52 overlap at the boundary surface between the first perforated plate 44 and the second perforated plate 46. The part that does not become necessary can be closed by the other perforated plate, and air can pass only through the part where the through hole 50 and the through hole 52 overlap. As a result, the channel area can be easily adjusted, and the decompression ratio can be accurately calculated. The calculation of the air flow is complicated, and the calculation of the flow path area and the pressure reduction ratio is more difficult, but the first porous plate 44 and the second porous plate 46 may be arranged apart from each other.

  In the above embodiment, only the second perforated plate 46 is rotated by the rotating mechanism 48. However, the first perforated plate 44 may be rotated, and both the first perforated plate 44 and the second perforated plate may be rotated. You may make it rotate.

  Here, in the above embodiment, as the pressure adjusting device, at least two perforated plates are arranged, and at least one perforated plate is rotated by a rotation mechanism to relatively move the position of the through hole of the perforated plate. The pressure reduction rate was adjusted by changing the flow path area, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various pressure adjusting devices having a configuration capable of adjusting the pressure reduction rate by the perforated plate can be used. Here, FIG. 4-1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the pressure adjusting device, and FIG. 4-2 is a front view of the pressure adjusting device shown in FIG. 4-1. FIG. 5 is a side view showing another state of the pressure adjusting mechanism.

  As illustrated in FIG. 4A, the pressure adjusting device 60 includes a pipe 42, a porous plate 62, an air flow path 64, and an air pressure adjusting device 66. The porous plate 62 is a plate-like member having substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of the pipe 42 and has a plurality of through holes 68 formed therein. The perforated plate 62 is formed of a material that expands and contracts such as rubber. The air flow path 64 is formed inside the porous plate 62, and an air storage part 64 a is provided around the through hole 68. The air flow path 64 is connected to an air pressure adjusting device 66. The air pressure adjusting device 66 supplies air into the air flow path 64 or discharges air from the air flow path 64 to adjust the pressure in the air flow path 64, particularly the air reservoir 64 a.

  Since the pressure adjusting device 60 is made of a material in which the perforated plate 62 expands and contracts, when air is supplied from the air pressure adjusting device 66 to the air flow path 64 and the air pressure of the air storage portion 64a of the air flow path 64 is increased, As shown in FIG. 5, the air reservoir 64a swells. Here, since the air storage portion 64a is disposed around the through hole 68, the wall surface of the through hole 68 is pushed toward the center of the through hole 68 when the air storage portion 64a swells. The opening area is reduced. Thus, the flow path area is reduced by reducing the opening area of the through hole 68. Moreover, the air storage part 64a shrinks by reducing the quantity supplied to the air flow path 64 from the air pressure adjusting device 66. The wall surface of the through-hole 68 expands because the air storage part 64a contracts. The perforated plate 62 is formed of a material that expands and contracts, but in a state where no external force is applied, the through hole 68 is maintained in the shape of a cylinder as shown in FIG. The pressure adjusting device 60 adjusts the flow passage area by increasing or decreasing the diameter of the through hole 68 by adjusting the amount and pressure of air in the air storage portion 64a by the air pressure adjusting device 66. can do. As described above, the pressure adjusting mechanism 60 can also adjust the pressure reduction ratio of the air passing through the pressure adjusting mechanism 60 by adjusting the flow path area.

  Next, FIG. 6A is a side view illustrating a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the pressure adjusting device, and FIG. 6B is a front view of the pressure adjusting device illustrated in FIG. FIG. 7 is a side view showing another state of the pressure adjusting mechanism. As illustrated in FIG. 6A, the pressure adjusting device 70 includes a pipe 42, a first perforated plate 72, a second perforated plate 74, and a moving device 76.

  The first porous plate 72 is a plate-like member having substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of the pipe 42, and a plurality of through holes 78 are formed. The second perforated plate 74 is a member having the same shape as the first perforated plate 72, that is, a plate-like member in which a plurality of through holes 80 are formed and the diameter is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the pipe 42. It is arranged upstream of the single porous plate 72. Here, as shown in FIG. 6B, the first perforated plate 72 and the second perforated plate 74 are formed so that the through hole 78 and the through hole 80 do not overlap in the axial direction of the pipe 42. The respective centers are arranged so as not to overlap the respective centers of the through holes 80. The moving device 76 is a moving mechanism that moves the second porous plate 74 along the axial direction of the pipe 42. Here, as the moving mechanism, it is possible to use a moving mechanism configured by a rail that extends in the axial direction of the pipe 42 and a moving element that supports the second porous plate 74 and moves along the rail. it can. The moving device 76 adjusts the interval between the first porous plate 72 and the second porous plate 74 by moving the second porous plate 74 along the axial direction of the pipe 42.

  The pressure adjusting device 70 can make the air difficult to flow by increasing the distance between the first porous plate 72 and the second porous plate 74 by the moving device 76, and can increase the pressure reduction ratio. On the other hand, by widening the distance between the first porous plate 72 and the second porous plate 74 by the moving device 76, air can be easily flowed and the pressure reduction ratio can be lowered. Thus, the pressure reduction ratio can also be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the first porous plate 72 and the second porous plate 74.

  Further, by not rotating the first perforated plate 72 and the second perforated plate 74, the through hole 78 of the first perforated plate 72 and the through hole 80 of the second perforated plate 74 are relatively arranged in the axial direction of the pipe 42. The positional relationship can be made constant. Thereby, the pressure reduction ratio can be adjusted while maintaining the rectifying effect of the porous plate.

  The pressure adjusting device according to the present invention is useful for a device having a limit in allowable pressure, and is particularly suitable for use as a device arranged in a pipe for supplying air to a compressor of a supercharger.

It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of one Embodiment of the diesel engine which has a pressure regulator of this invention. 3 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a pressure adjusting device 40. FIG. It is a front view of the pressure regulator shown in FIG. It is a front view which shows schematic structure of a 1st perforated panel. It is a side view which shows schematic structure of other embodiment of a pressure regulator. It is a front view of the pressure regulator shown in FIG. 4-1. It is a side view which shows the other state of a pressure adjustment mechanism. It is a side view which shows schematic structure of other embodiment of a pressure regulator. It is a front view of the pressure regulator shown in FIGS. It is a side view which shows the other state of a pressure adjustment mechanism.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Diesel engine 11 Engine main body 12 Cylinder bore 13 Piston 14 Combustion chamber 15 Intake port 16 Exhaust port 17 Intake valve 18 Exhaust valve 20 Intake pipe 21 Air cleaner 22 Exhaust pipe 23 Catalytic device 24 Supercharger 25 Compressor 26 Turbine 27 Support shaft 28 Nozzle vane 29 Actuator 33 Controller 34 Engine speed sensor 35 Accelerator opening sensor 36 Intake pressure sensor 37 Exhaust pressure sensor 40 Pressure adjustment device 42 Pipe 44 First perforated plate 46 Second perforated plate 48 Rotating mechanism 52 Through hole

Claims (6)

A pressure adjusting device for adjusting the pressure of air supplied to the turbocharger from outside air,
Piping for communicating outside air with the turbocharger;
A first perforated plate that is disposed inside the pipe, is a plate-like member that closes the pipe, and is formed with at least one through hole;
A second perforated plate that is disposed inside the pipe, is a plate-like member that closes the pipe, and is formed with at least one through hole;
Rotating means for relatively rotating the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate,
By the rotating means, the first porous plate and the second porous plate are relatively rotated, and a relative relationship between the through hole formed in the first porous plate and the through hole formed in the second porous plate. A pressure adjusting device that adjusts a pressure of air supplied to the turbocharger by changing a position and adjusting an amount of air passing through the first porous plate and the second porous plate.   2. The pressure adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other. A pressure adjusting device for adjusting the pressure of air supplied to the turbocharger from outside air,
Piping for communicating outside air with the turbocharger;
A perforated plate that is disposed inside the pipe, is a plate-like member that closes the pipe, and in which at least one through hole is formed;
A pressure adjusting device comprising: an opening diameter adjusting means for adjusting an opening diameter of the through hole. The perforated plate is formed of an elastic member,
The opening diameter adjusting means is composed of a cavity formed inside the perforated plate and a pressure adjusting mechanism for adjusting the pressure of the cavity, and by adjusting the pressure of the cavity by the pressure adjusting mechanism, The pressure adjusting device according to claim 3, wherein an opening diameter of the through hole is changed. A pressure adjusting device for adjusting the pressure of air supplied to the turbocharger from outside air,
Piping for communicating outside air with the turbocharger;
A first perforated plate that is disposed inside the pipe, is a plate-like member that closes the pipe, and is formed with at least one through hole;
A second perforated plate that is disposed inside the pipe, is a plate-like member that closes the pipe, and is formed with at least one through hole;
A distance adjusting means for adjusting at least one of the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate along an extending direction of the pipe and adjusting a distance between the first perforated plate and the second perforated plate; A pressure adjusting device comprising:   The pressure regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pressure regulator is used during a performance test of an internal combustion engine and a turbocharger.

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