JP2010120106A - Gear machining device and phrasing cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To chamfer an end face angle portion on a tooth face of a ground gear, and to carry out further efficiently chamfering by suppressing a rising portion near the end face angle portion. <P>SOLUTION: The gear machining device 100 has: a shaft J1 functioning as a work supporting portion for journaling the ground helical gear 14; and a shaft J2 functioning as a cutter supporting portion for journaling a phrasing cutter 102 so as to engage the phrasing cutter 102 with the ground gear 14 provided on the shaft J1. The shaft J1 engages the phrasing cutter 102 with the ground gear 14 at a shaft intersecting angle &psi; which is not 0. A tip of the phrasing cutter 102 has a tip radius R<SB>a</SB>on an acute angle portion abutting face 106a side contacting with an end face angle portion 30a on an acute angle side which is larger than a tip radius R<SB>b</SB>on an obtuse angle portion abutting face 108a side contacting with an end face angle portion 30b on an obtuse angle side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention meshes with a work gear, chamfers four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth of the work gear, and has two layers of tooth rows corresponding to the tooth width. And a gear machining apparatus including the phrasing cutter.

  Modern automobiles are required to be quiet and durable while having high output, and the gears used for power transmission (for example, transmissions) are more powerful so that power is reliably transmitted and noise is not generated. An accurate tooth surface is desired.

  Such high-precision gear machining is generally performed by rough cutting with a hob, chamfering, tooth surface shaping with a shaving cutter, carburizing and quenching by heat treatment, and gear grinding or chamfering to further improve accuracy. Gear honing is performed.

  Among these, at the stage where the rough cutting with the hob is completed, the end face corner of the tooth surface is sharp, and as it is, there is a concern that excessive carburization is performed by heat treatment, and the glass is hardened (weakened). For this reason, chamfering is performed to prevent excessive carburization and improve gear strength.

  As chamfering, a phrasing cutter that crushes the end face corners of the tooth surface of the gear to be cut is widely used. The phrasing cutter meshes with the work gear without crossing the shaft and crushes the corners of the gear. Examples of a processing method using a phrasing cutter include Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. Patent Document 1 discloses that a phrasing cutter meshes with a work gear with an axis crossing angle of 0 °. Patent Document 2 discloses that a phrasing cutter is engaged with a work gear with a predetermined axis crossing angle.

  The present applicant has proposed a gear machining apparatus in Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-202411 as an invention related thereto.

JP-A-54-15596 JP-A-61-284318

  As described above, high-precision gears that require high output, quietness, and durability generally require rough cutting, chamfering with a phrasing cutter, tooth surface formation with a shaving cutter, heat treatment, and gear grinding. Gear honing is performed.

  In chamfering with a phrasing cutter, the end face corners of the tooth surface can be properly chamfered, but basically the crushing process results in the surplus being pushed out to the side, and the rise due to the surplus Part is generated.

  Such a raised part can be removed by grinding in a subsequent grinding process, but heat treatment is performed before the grinding process, and the raised part is considerably harder. The applied load is large and the grinding takes time. In addition, it is desirable that the grinding process is costly from the viewpoint of production efficiency and can be omitted.

  If the grinding process is omitted, the load on the grindstone is extremely large in the subsequent gear honing process, which is not preferable. After the heat treatment, the hardness of the machined gear is high, and the gear honing wheel and the machined gear are in contact with each other during machining, and only the part that contacts the raised part is extremely worn. It is.

  In the tool described in Patent Document 2, the phrasing cutter is meshed with the work gear with a predetermined crossing angle. However, if the crossing angle is inadvertently provided, the end of the teeth of the phrasing cutter is covered. It interferes with the tooth surface of the cutting gear. Moreover, this tool is provided with serrations as cutting blades on the tooth surface, and is difficult to manufacture.

  On the other hand, even for gears that require relatively low accuracy and are not heat-treated, if the tooth surface finish such as shaving is performed without taking measures against the raised portion generated by chamfering of the phrasing cutter, the raised portion will be applied to the tool. The tool life is inevitably shortened due to the load. As a result, the number of times that the machine tool is stopped for the tool change operation, the number of times of maintenance and inspection increases, and there is a concern about an increase in tool costs.

  On the other hand, according to the gear machining apparatus according to the aforementioned Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-202411, the phrasing cutter meshes with the work gear with an axis crossing angle. In addition to this, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a surging portion of the surplus due to crushing.

  By the way, the sharp parts of the work gear as a workpiece exist at the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and on both sides in the tooth thickness direction with respect to each tooth. According to the gear machining apparatus according to Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-202411, when the work gear is a helical type, it is possible to chamfer in one step on the acute angle side or the obtuse angle side of the tooth of the work gear. In order to chamfer both ends of the acute angle side and the obtuse angle side, it is necessary to prepare dedicated phrasing cutters in separate steps, which is not efficient.

  In addition, in order to properly mesh the phrasing cutter with the work gear, the base circle is set and the machining teeth are set so as to be the same axis perpendicular module as the work gear. When the machining teeth are brought into contact with both the acute angle side and the obtuse angle side, the acute angle side comes into contact with a portion closer to the tooth bottom of the work gear than the obtuse angle side. As a result, the teeth of the work gear have an unbalanced chamfer with a long chamfered portion on the acute angle side and a short chamfered portion on the obtuse angle side.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such problems, and can appropriately chamfer the end face corner of the tooth surface, suppress the occurrence of a raised portion in the vicinity of the end face corner, and An object of the present invention is to provide a gear machining apparatus and a phrasing cutter capable of efficiently chamfering four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and on both sides in the tooth thickness direction with respect to each tooth of the cutting gear.

  Furthermore, the present invention can efficiently chamfer the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and on both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth of the work gear, and the acute angle side and the obtuse angle of the tooth of the work gear. An object of the present invention is to provide a gear machining apparatus and a phrasing cutter capable of chamfering the end portion on the side in a balanced manner.

  The gear machining apparatus according to the present invention has the following features.

  1st characteristic; The gear processing apparatus which concerns on this invention meshes | engages with the said work gear provided in the said work support part and the work support part which pivotally supports a helical-type work gear, Four teeth are chamfered on each tooth of the work gear on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction, and a phrasing cutter having two layers of tooth rows corresponding to the tooth width is supported by the phrasing cutter. A cutter support portion, and the cutter support portion meshes the phrasing cutter with the work gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ, and the processing teeth of the phrasing cutter are the teeth of the work gear. The contact portion maximum diameter of the acute angle contact surface that contacts the acute angle corner is smaller than the maximum contact portion diameter that contacts the obtuse angle contact surface that contacts the obtuse angle corner of the tooth of the work gear. It is characterized by being set.

  In this way, since the phrasing cutter meshes with the work gear with an axis crossing angle ψ, it not only crushes and chamfers against the corner of the end face of the work gear, but also suppresses the occurrence of a raised part of the surplus due to crushing. can do. Further, it is efficient because chamfering of the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction can be simultaneously performed on each tooth of the work gear. Furthermore, by setting the maximum contact portion diameter of the acute angle contact surface to be smaller than the maximum contact portion diameter contacting the obtuse angle contact surface, the acute angle side and obtuse angle side corners of the tooth of the work gear are balanced. Can be chamfered well.

Second feature: A gear machining apparatus according to the present invention is configured to mesh with a workpiece support portion that pivotally supports a helical workpiece gear and the workpiece gear provided in the workpiece support portion, Four teeth are chamfered on each tooth of the work gear on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction, and a phrasing cutter having two layers of tooth rows corresponding to the tooth width is supported by the phrasing cutter. A cutter support portion, and the cutter support portion meshes the phrasing cutter with the work gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ, and the processing teeth of the phrasing cutter are the teeth of the work gear. Each tip of the acute angle contact surface side that contacts the acute angle corner and the obtuse angle contact surface side that contacts the obtuse angle corner has an arcuate cross section, and the tooth tip radius on the acute angle contact surface side R _a is set to be larger than the tooth tip radius R _b of the obtuse portion contacting side It is characterized in.

In this way, since the phrasing cutter meshes with the work gear with an axis crossing angle ψ, it not only crushes and chamfers against the corner of the end face of the work gear, but also suppresses the occurrence of a raised part of the surplus due to crushing. can do. Further, it is efficient because chamfering of the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction can be simultaneously performed on each tooth of the work gear. Further, the tooth tip radius R _a of the acute angle portion contact surface side, by setting larger than tooth tip radius R _b of the obtuse portion contact surface, the corners of acute side and obtuse side of the teeth of the work gear Can be chamfered in a balanced manner.

Third feature: The maximum contact portion diameter of the acute angle contact surface is a cutter outer diameter− (1-sin α _a ) × R _a × 2, and the maximum contact portion diameter of the obtuse angle contact surface is the cutter. The outer diameter is-(1-sin α _b ) × R _b × 2, wherein α _a is the pressure angle of the sharp tooth side cutter tooth tip, and α _b is the pressure angle of the obtuse angle side cutter tooth tip. To do.

  According to such setting, the maximum contact portion diameter of the acute angle portion contact surface and the maximum contact portion diameter contacting the obtuse angle portion contact surface can be appropriately set, and a simple shape and phrasing cutter can be manufactured. Is easy. The outer diameter of the cutter is represented by a diameter.

  Fourth feature: In the meshing portion of the phrasing cutter and the work gear, the inclination direction of the torsion angle β of the work gear with respect to the rotation axis of the work support portion and the inclination direction of the axis crossing angle ψ And the inclination direction of the axis crossing angle ψ with respect to the tooth surface of the machining tooth machining the acute angle side of the work gear in the phrasing cutter is the same.

  Thereby, the inclination angle of the acute-angle-part contact surface in the phrasing cutter can be appropriately set, and the degree of freedom in design is improved.

  5th characteristic; In this case, in the meshing part of the phrasing cutter and the work gear, the rotation surface of the work support part and the tooth surface of the machining tooth for machining the acute angle side of the work gear in the phrasing cutter are as follows: It may be parallel.

  6th characteristic; The tooth surface of the processing tooth of the said phrasing cutter is an involute surface without the corner | angular part as a cutting blade, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Thereby, manufacture of this phrasing cutter is easy.

  Seventh feature: the axis crossing angle ψ is 5 ° to 8 °. Thereby, the intensity | strength of a tooth | gear and a processing effect become suitable respectively.

  Eighth feature: A gear machining apparatus according to the present invention is configured to mesh with a work support portion that pivotally supports a spur gear, and the work gear provided in the work support portion. Chamfering of each tooth of the cutting gear at four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction, a phrasing cutter having two layers of tooth rows corresponding to the tooth width, and a cutter that pivotally supports the phrasing cutter The cutter support portion meshes the phrasing cutter with the work gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ.

  In this way, since the phrasing cutter meshes with the work gear with an axis crossing angle ψ, it not only crushes and chamfers against the corner of the end face of the work gear, but also suppresses the occurrence of a raised part of the surplus due to crushing. can do. Further, it is efficient because chamfering of the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction can be simultaneously performed on each tooth of the work gear.

  Ninth feature: A phrasing cutter according to the present invention has chamfered four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth of the helical work gear, and corresponds to the tooth width. A phrasing cutter having two layers of teeth, which is meshed with the cutting gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ, and the processing teeth of the phrasing cutter are corners on the acute angle side of the teeth of the cutting gear. The contact portion maximum diameter of the acute angle portion contact surface that comes into contact with the workpiece is set smaller than the contact portion maximum diameter that contacts the obtuse angle portion contact surface that contacts the obtuse angle side corner of the tooth of the work gear. It is characterized by.

  Since such a phrasing cutter meshes with the work gear with an axis crossing angle ψ, it not only crushes and chamfers against the corner of the end face of the work gear, but also suppresses the occurrence of a raised portion of the surplus due to crushing. can do. Further, it is efficient because chamfering of the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction can be simultaneously performed on each tooth of the work gear. Furthermore, by setting the maximum contact portion diameter of the acute angle contact surface to be smaller than the maximum contact portion diameter contacting the obtuse angle contact surface, the acute angle side and obtuse angle side corners of the tooth of the work gear are balanced. Can be chamfered well.

Tenth feature: The phrasing cutter according to the present invention chamfers four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and on both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth of the helical work gear, and corresponds to the tooth width. A phrasing cutter having two layers of teeth, which is meshed with the cutting gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ, and the processing teeth of the phrasing cutter are corners on the acute angle side of the teeth of the cutting gear. contacts the respective tip portions of the obtuse portion contact surface in contact with the corners of the acute angle portion contact surface side and the obtuse angle side is a cross-sectional circular arc shape, the tooth tip radius R _a of the acute angle portion contact surface is obtuse portion It is characterized by being set larger than the tooth tip radius _Rb on the contact surface side.

  Since such a phrasing cutter meshes with the work gear with an axis crossing angle ψ, it not only crushes and chamfers against the corner of the end face of the work gear, but also suppresses the occurrence of a raised portion of the surplus due to crushing. can do. Further, it is efficient because chamfering of the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction can be simultaneously performed on each tooth of the work gear. In addition, by setting the tooth tip radius on the acute angle contact surface side to be larger than the tooth tip radius on the obtuse angle contact surface side, the acute angle side and the obtuse angle corner of the tooth of the work gear are balanced and chamfered. can do.

  Eleventh feature: The phrasing cutter according to the present invention chamfers four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction on each tooth of the spur gear, and corresponds to the tooth width. A phrasing cutter having a layered tooth arrangement, characterized in that it meshes with the work gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ.

  Since such a phrasing cutter meshes with the work gear with an axis crossing angle ψ, it not only crushes and chamfers against the corner of the end face of the work gear, but also suppresses the occurrence of a raised portion of the surplus due to crushing. can do. Further, it is efficient because chamfering of the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction can be simultaneously performed on each tooth of the work gear.

  According to the gear machining apparatus and the phrasing cutter according to the present invention, since the phrasing cutter meshes with the work gear with an axis crossing angle ψ, not only crushing and chamfering on the end face corner portion of the work gear is performed. The generation | occurrence | production of the surging part of the surplus meat by can be suppressed. Further, it is efficient because chamfering of the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction can be simultaneously performed on each tooth of the work gear. Furthermore, by setting the maximum contact portion diameter of the acute angle contact surface to be smaller than the maximum contact portion diameter contacting the obtuse angle contact surface, the sharp angle side and the obtuse angle end of the tooth of the work gear are balanced. Can be chamfered well.

  Furthermore, by setting the tooth tip radius on the acute angle contact surface side to be larger than the tooth tip radius on the obtuse angle contact surface side, the ends on the acute angle side and the obtuse angle side of the tooth of the work gear are balanced. Can be chamfered.

  Hereinafter, a gear machining device and a phrasing cutter according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The gear machining apparatus and the phrasing cutter according to the present embodiment perform at least chamfering on the end face corner portion of the gear to be cut after the coarse gear cutting process by the hob or the pinion cutter.

  The characteristics of the gear machining apparatus and the phrasing cutter according to the present invention are clarified mainly by the gear machining apparatus 100 and the phrasing cutter 102 according to the second embodiment, but in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention. First, the gear machining apparatus and the phrasing cutter according to the first embodiment will be described, in particular, the gear machining apparatus 12 that engages with the workpiece gear and performs machining.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the gear machining apparatus 12 includes a shaft J1 as a work support portion that pivotally supports the work gear 14, a phrasing cutter 18, and an axis J2 as a cutter support portion that pivotally supports the phrasing cutter 18. And have. The axis J2 can be rotated by a drive source (not shown). The axis J <b> 1 is rotated when the work gear 14 meshes with the phrasing cutter 18.

  The shaft J2 pivotally supports the phrasing cutter 18 so as to mesh the phrasing cutter 18 with the work gear 14 provided on the shaft J1. The axis J2 meshes the phrasing cutter 18 with the work gear 14 with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ, and the machining teeth 32a and 32b of the phrasing cutter 18 do not interfere with the tooth surface 28 of the tooth 26 of the work gear 14 The angle is provided (see FIG. 6). The axis crossing angle ψ is an angle formed by the axis J1 of the work gear 14 and the axis J2 of the phrasing cutter 18 (see FIG. 6).

  The tooth row of the machining teeth 32a and the tooth row of the machining teeth 32b form two layers corresponding to the tooth width of the work gear 14. The processing teeth 32a and the processing teeth 32b have a point-symmetric shape with respect to the intersection of the axis J1 and the axis J2 (see FIG. 6).

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the work gear 14 is, for example, a helical gear, and when the teeth are coarsely cut, the sharp edges 33 a (see FIG. 8A) are provided on the left and right sharp corners 30 a and 31 a. See). The gear machining apparatus 12 chamfers the acute angle sharp portion 33a. The work gear 14 processed by the gear processing device 12 is not limited to a helical gear, and may be a spur gear or the like. The work gear 14 is, for example, a gear of a vehicle transmission. The gear processed by the gear processing device 12 has high accuracy, is excellent in silence and durability, and is suitable for a vehicle transmission.

  As shown in FIG. 3, since the work gear 14 is a helical gear, the teeth 26 are twisted by a twist angle β in a coarsely cut state, and the acute angle of the end face corner portions 30a and 31a on the acute angle side. In addition to the sharp portion 33a, an obtuse angle sharp portion 33b exists in each of the end surface corner portions 30b and 31b on the obtuse angle side. The twist angle β is, for example, about 30 °.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the phrasing cutter 18 is provided with one layer of a first piece 34a including a group of chamfering processing teeth 32a on one side in the thickness direction, and a second piece including a group of chamfering processing teeth 32b on the other side. One layer 34b is provided. The 1st piece 34a and the 2nd piece 34b are structures fixed with respect to the boss | hub 36, and are what is called a three piece type. The first piece 34 a and the second piece 34 b can each be adjusted in angle with respect to the boss 36 by using the arc hole 38.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the machining teeth 32 a and the machining teeth 32 b are separated according to the thickness of the work gear 14, and the phrasing cutter 18 and the work gear 14 rotate while meshing, and the phrasing cutter is obtained. The 18 processed teeth 32a chamfer the chamfered portion 33a by crushing the acute-angled portion 33a with respect to the end surface corner portion 30a. The processing tooth 32b of the phrasing cutter 18 chamfers by crushing the acute angle sharp portion 33a with respect to the other end face corner portion 31a.

  FIG. 6 shows the relative positional relationship between the teeth 26 of the work gear 14 and the machining teeth 32a and 32b of the phrasing cutter 18, and each of the work gear 14 and the phrasing cutter 18 is disposed along the circumferential surface. It is the expanded schematic diagram. As apparent from FIG. 6, the work gear 14 and the phrasing cutter 18 have an axis crossing angle ψ and intersect at an angle.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, there is no axis crossing angle ψ in the meshing according to the prior art.

  Next, the action of the processing teeth 32a of the phrasing cutter 18 pressing against the end face corner portion 31a to crush the acute angle sharp portion 33a will be described.

  The work gear 14 rotates in the right direction in FIG. 6, that is, in the direction of the arrow A1, and the phrasing cutter 18 rotates in the oblique direction, that is, in the direction of the arrow A2 by an angle ψ.

  As shown in FIG. 8A, the processing tooth 32 a of the phrasing cutter 18 first comes into contact with a position P <b> 1 at a substantially top portion of the end face corner portion 30 a of the tooth 26. At the initial stage of meshing at this time, the processing teeth 32a are inclined diagonally to the right with respect to the teeth 26, and the front side of the center line C is in contact with the portion P1. At this time, the sharp end portion 33a exists in the end face corner portion 30a. 8A to 8C, a center line C is added to the tooth surface of the processing tooth 32a for easy understanding. The meshing at this time corresponds to the meshing shown by arrow B1 in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, in the middle stage of the meshing, the processing teeth 32 a of the phrasing cutter 18 are in contact with a portion P <b> 2 having a substantially intermediate height of the teeth 26. In the middle stage of meshing, the processing teeth 32a are substantially parallel to the teeth 26, and the center line C abuts on the location P2. At this time, the upper part of the portion P2 is chamfered and the acute sharp portion 33a is chamfered, but the acute sharp portion 33a remains below the portion P2. The meshing at this time corresponds to the meshing shown by the arrow B2 in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8C, at the final stage of meshing, the processing teeth 32 a of the phrasing cutter 18 abut on a position P <b> 3 at a substantially bottom portion of the teeth 26. At the end of meshing, the processing teeth 32a are inclined obliquely to the left with respect to the teeth 26, and the back of the center line C abuts on the place P3. At this time, the end face corner part 30a is chamfered over the entire length, and the acute-angled sharp part 33a disappears. The meshing at this time corresponds to the meshing shown by the arrow B3 in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 9, an elongated flat surface portion is formed on the chamfered end surface corner portion 30a, and the acute angle sharp portion 33a is eliminated. Here, the locus of movement of the processing teeth 32a is an oblique direction as indicated by an arrow F1, and includes a lateral movement component.

  The movement trajectory of the tooth surface of the phrasing cutter at the end face corner 30a is shown in more detail in FIGS. 10A and 10B. 10A shows a case where the axis crossing angle ψ is 5 °, and FIG. 10B shows a case where the axis crossing angle ψ is 8 °. Reference symbol Z indicates a meshing circle between the work gear 14 and the phrasing cutter 18. As understood from FIGS. 10A and 10B, the movement locus contains a considerable amount of the lateral component, and this component is larger when the axis crossing angle ψ is 8 ° than when it is 5 °. The larger the transverse component, the better the normal machinability.

  On the other hand, in the meshing according to the prior art (see FIG. 7), the axis crossing angle ψ does not exist (that is, ψ = 0), so the locus of movement of the processing teeth 32a is indicated by the arrow E in FIG. As shown, the lateral movement component is not included.

  That is, according to the gear machining device 12 and the phrasing cutter 18 according to the present embodiment, the phrasing cutter 18 meshes with the work gear 14 with an axis crossing angle ψ, and therefore, with respect to the end face corner portion 30a of the work gear 14. In addition to chamfering and chamfering the acute angle sharp portion 33a, sliding between surfaces including a lateral movement component occurs. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the surging part of the surplus part in the location 82 (refer FIG.9 and FIG.11) adjacent to a chamfering part among the tooth surfaces 28 can be prevented, or it can suppress.

  Further, the tooth surface of the processing tooth 32a of the phrasing cutter 18 is intended to be pressed and slid against the end face corner portion 30a. Therefore, the tooth surface of the phrasing cutter 18 is an involute surface having no corners and is easy to manufacture.

  In addition, although detailed description is abbreviate | omitted, as for the end surface corner | angular part 31a of the other side in the to-be-cut gear 14, the acute-angled sharp part 33a is appropriately chamfered by the process tooth 32b of the phrasing cutter 18, and it adjoins a chamfering part. Generation | occurrence | production of the swelling part of the surplus meat in the location 82 (refer FIG. 11) can be prevented or suppressed. In this case, as shown by the arrow F2 in FIG. 11, the locus of movement of the processing teeth 32b is a direction that goes obliquely, includes a lateral movement component, and obtains the same effect as processing on the end face corner portion 30a. It is done. The details of the trajectory of this movement are the opposite directions of the arrows in the case shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B.

  By the way, in the meshing according to the prior art, there is generally no axis crossing angle ψ (see FIG. 7). As a reason for this, it is conceived that it is effective to overlook the raised portion of the surplus generated at the portion 82 (see FIG. 9) adjacent to the chamfered portion, or to provide an axis crossing angle ψ as a solution. Because it was not.

  In the apparatus described in Patent Document 2, an axis crossing angle ψ is provided, but it is not easy in practice to chamfer the end face corners 30a and 31a by serration. FIG. 12 shows a part of the specifications of each gear.

  Next, the experimental results of machining by the gear machining device 12 configured as described above will be described.

  FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the end face corner portion 30a (right tooth surface) chamfered with the axis crossing angle ψ set to ψ = 0 as in the prior art. As can be understood from FIG. 13, a raised portion 80 due to a surplus is recognized at a location in the vicinity of the chamfered portion (see location 82 in FIG. 9). The height of the raised portion is H1, and the width is H2. The results for the right and left tooth surfaces after a predetermined number of machining operations for ψ = 0 are shown in the column “ψ = 0 °” in Tables 1 and 2. A tracer or the like was used for the measurement.

  FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the end face corner portion 30a (right tooth surface) chamfered with the axis crossing angle ψ set to ψ = 5 °. As can be understood from FIG. 14, the occurrence of the rising portion 80 is considerably suppressed. The results for the right tooth surface and the left tooth surface obtained by performing a predetermined number of machining operations for ψ = 5 ° are shown in the column “ψ = 5 °” in Tables 1 and 2.

  FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of the end face corner portion 30a (right tooth surface) chamfered with the axis crossing angle ψ set to ψ = 8 °. As can be understood from FIG. 15, the raised portion 80 is almost eliminated. The results for the right tooth surface and the left tooth surface obtained by performing a predetermined number of machining operations for ψ = 8 ° are shown in the column “ψ = 8 °” in Tables 1 and 2. In Tables 1 and 2, the negative value is 0.

  FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of the end face corner portion 30a (right tooth surface) of the 2000th workpiece gear 14 by chamfering the 2000 workpiece gears 14 with the axis crossing angle ψ being ψ = 5 °. is there. As understood from comparison between FIG. 14 and FIG. 16, the rising portion 80 has almost no change between the initial stage and the 2000th. In addition, after 2000 pieces were machined, the shapes of the machined teeth 32a and machined teeth 32b of the phrasing cutter 18 were measured precisely. As a result, no wear was observed compared to the first machining.

  As described above, in the gear machining apparatus, the occurrence of the raised portion 80 can be prevented or considerably suppressed, and the product accuracy is stable even if many machinings are performed, and the phrasing cutter 18 is not worn. Durability was confirmed.

  Next, the analysis result performed about the value of the axis crossing angle (psi) of the gear processing apparatus 12 comprised in this way is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 17, when the crossing angle ψ is set large, the machining teeth 32a interfere with the teeth 26 of the work gear 14, and therefore, a flank 300 that is substantially parallel to the machining teeth 32a may be provided at the rear end portion. Has been done. By providing such a flank 300, the axis crossing angle ψ can be increased and efficient machining becomes possible. FIG. 17 shows the shape of the machining teeth 32a in which the remaining cutter width S3 is secured with respect to the cutter blade width S in consideration of the interference amount S1 and the gap S2 in consideration of the interference of the teeth 26 of the work gear 14. Yes.

  By the way, it is preferable that the remaining cutter width S3 is 0.4 mm or more from the viewpoint of strength. The gap S2 is preferably set to about 0.5 mm in consideration of errors and the like. Table 3 shows the results of analysis and calculation of the relationship among the axis crossing angle ψ, the interference amount S1, the cutter blade width S, and the remaining cutter width S3 under standard conditions. Here, the gap S2 is 0.5 mm.

  As apparent from Table 3, when the axis crossing angle ψ is 8 °, the remaining cutter width S3 is 0.42 mm, and the strength is ensured. When the axis crossing angle ψ is 9 °, the remaining cutter width S3 is 0.38 mm, and the strength may be insufficient. That is, from the viewpoint of strength, it is desirable that the axis crossing angle ψ is ψ ≦ 8 °.

  When the axis crossing angle ψ is 4 °, it is considered that the remaining cutter width S3 is 0.54 mm and has sufficient strength, but the processing efficiency is lowered. In order to suppress the occurrence of the raised portion of the chamfered portion in the work gear 14, it is considered that the effect is higher as the movement locus of the machining tooth 32 a of the phrasing cutter 18 in the end face corner portion 30 a is lateral.

  As shown in the simulation result of FIG. 18A, when the axis crossing angle ψ is ψ = 4 °, the movement trajectory of the tooth surface of the processing tooth 32a has a considerably steep slope depending on the location, has a small lateral component, and rises. The effect of suppressing the occurrence of parts is low.

  As shown in the simulation result of FIG. 18B, when the axis crossing angle ψ is ψ = 5 °, the movement trajectory of the tooth surface of the processing tooth 32a becomes moderate to some extent, the lateral component exists to some extent, and the occurrence of the bulging portion is generated. There is an inhibitory effect.

  As shown in the simulation result of FIG. 18C, when the axis crossing angle ψ is ψ = 6 °, the movement trajectory of the tooth surface of the processing tooth 32a becomes considerably gentle, there are many lateral components, and the occurrence of the bulging portion is generated. High suppression effect. That is, in order to obtain the effect of suppressing the occurrence of the swelled portion, it is desirable that the axis crossing angle ψ is ψ ≧ 5 °.

  As a result, in order to satisfy the strength and processing effect of the processing teeth 32a, the axis crossing angle ψ is preferably in the range of 5 ° to 8 °.

  As described above, according to the gear machining apparatus 12 and the phrasing cutter 18 according to the present embodiment, the phrasing cutter 18 meshes with the work gear 14 with the axis crossing angle ψ, and thus the end face corner portion of the work gear 14. In addition to crushing the sharp-angled portion 33a by crushing with respect to 30a and 31a, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a surging portion of the surplus due to crushing. Further, it is possible to perform appropriate chamfering processing so that the processing teeth 32a and 32b of the phrasing cutter 18 do not interfere with the tooth surface 28 of the work gear 14.

  Since the occurrence of the raised portion 80 can be prevented by chamfering using the phrasing cutter 18, even if shaving and grinding are omitted, a gear with higher accuracy can be obtained by performing gear honing. In this case, since the raised portion 80 does not substantially exist in the work gear 14, the influence of the subsequent gear machining (for example, shaving machining, tooth grinding machining, gear honing machining) on the tool is considerably suppressed. Can do.

  The gear obtained by the gear machining device 12 and the phrasing cutter 18 according to the present embodiment is increased in hardness by performing heat treatment, and is a highly accurate vehicle transmission that requires high output, quietness, and durability. Is preferred.

  On the other hand, even for gears that are not relatively high in accuracy and that are not heat-treated, chamfering by the gear machining device 12 hardly generates any raised parts, so that the load on the tool is small in the subsequent tooth surface finishing such as shaving. , Can extend the tool life. Thereby, while reducing the frequency | count of stopping a machine tool for a tool change operation | work, the frequency | count of a maintenance and inspection, tool expense can be suppressed.

  In addition, it is a matter of course that processing using a phrasing cutter is effective even when heat treatment is performed with a gear having relatively low required accuracy and tooth surface finishing is not performed thereafter.

  Next, the gear machining apparatus 100 and the phrasing cutter 102 according to the second embodiment will be described. The gear machining device 12 and the phrasing cutter 18 according to the first embodiment can chamfer in one step only on one of the acute angle side (or obtuse angle side) of the teeth 26 of the work gear 14 and the acute angle side. In order to chamfer both end portions on the obtuse angle side and the obtuse angle side, dedicated framing cutters are prepared and performed in separate steps. On the other hand, the gear machining apparatus 100 and the phrasing cutter 102 simultaneously chamfer four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and on both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth 26 of the work gear 14. That is, in the gear machining device 12 and the phrasing cutter 18 described above, interference was intentionally avoided on the surface opposite to the chamfered side, but in the gear machining device 100 and the phrasing cutter 102 described below, Efficiency is improved by chamfering both end faces simultaneously.

  Regarding the gear machining device 100 and the phrasing cutter 102 according to the second embodiment, the same components as those of the gear machining device 12 and the phrasing cutter 18 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be given. Omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the gear machining apparatus 100 has the same structure as the gear machining apparatus 12 except for the details, and processes the work gear 14. That is, the gear machining apparatus 100 includes a shaft J1 as a work support portion that supports the workpiece gear 14, a phrasing cutter 102, and a shaft J2 as a cutter support portion that supports the phrasing cutter 102. The axis J2 can be rotated by a drive source (not shown). The axis J <b> 1 rotates with the work gear 14 meshing with the phrasing cutter 102. The shaft J2 pivotally supports the phrasing cutter 102 so that the phrasing cutter 102 is engaged with the work gear 14 provided on the shaft J1. The axis J2 meshes the phrasing cutter 102 with the work gear 14 with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the phrasing cutter 102 has the same structure as the phrasing cutter 18 except for the details. The gear machining device 100 and the phrasing cutter 102 are different from the gear machining device 12 and the phrasing cutter 18 in the portions of the machining teeth 104a and 104b of the phrasing cutter 102 corresponding to the machining teeth 32a and 32b. The tooth row of the processing tooth 104a and the tooth row of the processing tooth 104b are formed in two layers corresponding to the tooth width of the work gear 14 like the tooth row of the processing tooth 32a and the tooth row of the processing tooth 32b. Yes. The processing teeth 104a and the processing teeth 104b have a point-symmetric shape with respect to the intersection of the axis J1 and the axis J2 (see FIG. 20).

  As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the machining teeth 104a and the machining teeth 104b are separated according to the tooth width of the work gear 14, and the phrasing cutter 102 and the work gear 14 rotate while meshing with each other. As apparent from FIGS. 19 and 20, the processing teeth 104 a and the processing teeth 104 b are thicker than the processing teeth 32 a and 32 b (see FIG. 6) and have an acute angle with respect to the teeth 26 of the work gear 14. It abuts not only on the side but also on the obtuse angle side.

  The acute angle contact surface 106a of the processing tooth 104a of the phrasing cutter 102 chamfers by crushing the acute angle sharp part 33a against the end surface corner 30a on the acute angle side of the tooth 26 of the work gear 14. The acute angle contact surface 106b of the processing tooth 104b of the phrasing cutter 102 chamfers by crushing the acute angle sharp portion 33a with respect to the end surface corner 31a on the opposite side to the end surface corner 30a. The action of these acute angle contact surfaces 106a and 106b is the same as the action of the processing teeth 32a and 32b.

  Furthermore, the obtuse angle portion contact surface 108a of the processing tooth 104a of the phrasing cutter 102 chamfers the obtuse angle sharp portion 33b against the end surface corner portion 30b of the tooth 26 of the work gear 14 on the obtuse angle side. The obtuse angle part contact surface 108b of the processing tooth 104b of the phrasing cutter 102 chamfers the obtuse angle sharp part 33b against the end face corner part 31b on the obtuse angle side opposite to the end face corner part 30b.

  The acute angle contact surfaces 106a and 106b are surfaces parallel to the axis J1 of the work gear 14, and the obtuse angle contact surfaces 108a and 108b are surfaces inclined more than the twist angle β with respect to the axis J1. . The surfaces opposite to the acute angle contact surfaces 106a and 106b are provided with obtuse angle contact surfaces 108a and 108b on the inner side and auxiliary surfaces 110 on the outer side. The auxiliary surface 110 is a surface parallel to the acute angle contact surfaces 106a and 106b, and is kept at an appropriate distance from the opposing acute angle contact surfaces 106a and 106b.

  According to the phrasing cutter 102 including the processing teeth 104a and the processing teeth 104b and the gear processing apparatus 100 including the phrasing cutter 102, the phrasing cutter 102 meshes with the work gear 14 with an axis crossing angle ψ. In addition to crushing and chamfering the end face corners 30a, 30b, 31a, and 31b of the work gear 14, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a raised portion of the surplus due to the crushing. Further, it is possible to chamfer the corners 30a, 30b, 31a, 31b at the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and on both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth 26 of the work gear 14, which is efficient.

  As is clear from FIG. 20, the acute-angle-side end face corner 30a can abut the acute-angle-part contact face 106a of the processing tooth 104a at an appropriate angle, but the obtuse-angle end face corner. Since the angle 30b is an obtuse angle, the obtuse angle part contact surface 108a of the processing tooth 104a can be contacted only at a shallow angle.

  However, at the meshing portion of the phrasing cutter 102 and the work gear 14 (that is, on FIG. 20), the inclination direction of the tooth 26 due to the torsion angle β of the work gear 14 is based on the axis J1 of the work support portion. This is the same as the direction of inclination of the axis J2 of the cutter support portion by the intersection angle ψ. In other words, the tooth traces of the tooth surface 28 and the axis J2 are oriented with the axis J1 inclined in the clockwise direction. Thereby, the obtuse angle portion contact surface 108a is in an appropriate direction with respect to the end surface corner portion 30b, and the end surface corner portion 30b can be appropriately chamfered.

  That is, in order for the obtuse angle portion contact surface 108a to chamfer the end surface corner portion 30b, the apparent inclination angle θ must be inclined by at least an angle larger than the twist angle β with respect to the axis J1. However, since the axis J2 of the phrasing cutter 102 itself including the obtuse angle portion contact surface 108a and the processing teeth 104a is inclined by the axis crossing angle ψ with respect to the axis J1, if the phrasing cutter 102 is used as a reference, The inclination angle γ is γ = θ−ψ. That is, the axis crossing angle ψ contributes to ensure the apparent inclination angle θ, the actual inclination angle γ of the phrasing cutter 102 alone can be reduced, and the degree of design freedom is improved.

  In other words, at the meshing portion of the phrasing cutter 102 and the work gear 14 (that is, on FIG. 20), the inclination direction (center O) of the torsion angle β of the work gear 14 with respect to the axis J1 of the work support portion. ), The inclination direction of the axis crossing angle ψ (see the ψ single arrow with respect to the center O), and the machining teeth for machining the acute angle side of the work gear 14 in the phrasing cutter 102. The inclination directions of the axis crossing angle ψ with respect to the acute angle contact surfaces 106a and 106b (see the single arrow of ψ with respect to the point Q1) are all the same and are inclined clockwise. If the axis of rotation J2 of the phrasing cutter 102 is used as a reference, the acute angle contact surfaces 106a and 106b are inclined in the counterclockwise direction (in the phrasing cutter 102, the part opposite to the meshing part). If it sees, the acute angle part contact surfaces 106a and 106b incline in the clockwise direction on the basis of the axis | shaft J2.)

  Thus, since the twist angle β and the axis crossing angle ψ are inclined in the clockwise direction, the acute angle contact surfaces 106a and 106b can contact the end surface corners 30a and 31a with a margin, and the acute angle On the contrary, the part contact surfaces 106a and 106b can be inclined counterclockwise. Thereby, the space | interval with other adjacent process teeth 104a and 104b can be ensured moderately wide, and the freedom degree in design improves.

  In this case, it is possible to chamfer the end surface corner portions 30a and 31a in an appropriate direction by keeping the axis J1 of the work support portion and the acute angle portion contact surfaces 106a and 106b in parallel. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 21, when the twist angle β is small (for example, about 5 °), the acute angle contact surfaces 106a and 106b are parallel to the axis J1 with the rotation axis J2 of the phrasing cutter 102 as a reference. You may make it incline further counterclockwise rather than a state.

  By the way, the phrasing cutter 102 is a kind of gear, and is designed and manufactured based on the meshing condition with the mating counterpart work gear 14. Here, general meshing conditions will be described with reference to FIG. The meshing gear 120 and gear 122 are designed and manufactured based on the respective base circles 124 and 126 and predetermined module values. When the intersection point P between the action line 128 tangent to the base circle 124 and the base circle 126 and the tip circle 129 of the gear 120 is obtained, the meshing radius R of the gear 122 with respect to the gear 120 is from the center point of the gear 122 to the intersection P. It becomes the distance.

  However, since there is an axis crossing angle ψ in the work gear 14 and the phrasing cutter 102, the meshing condition between the acute angle contact surface 106a of the machining tooth 104a and the tooth 26 of the work gear 14 and the acute angle of the machining tooth 104a. The meshing condition between the part contact surface 106b and the tooth 26 of the work gear 14 is different. This is because each base circle changes due to the influence of the axis crossing angle ψ.

Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 23, the radius R1 ₀ meshing defined by the meshing conditions of the acute angle portion of the acute angle portion teeth 26 of the contact surface 106a and the workpiece gear 14 of the forming teeth 104a (end surface corner portions 30a), The meshing radius R2 ₀ defined by the meshing condition of the obtuse angle portion contact surface 108a of the machining tooth 104a and the obtuse angle side portion (end surface corner portion 30b) of the tooth 26 of the work gear 14 is different, and R1 ₀ <R2 ₀ . As a result, the chamfer 130 at the end face corner 30a on the acute angle side is formed longer to a position closer to the tooth root than the chamfer 132 at the end face corner 30b on the obtuse angle side.

  As a result, the chamfer 132 on the obtuse angle side becomes relatively short, resulting in insufficient chamfering. If the tooth depth of the processing tooth 104a is simply increased, the chamfer 132 becomes longer, but the processing tooth 104a may interfere with the tooth bottom of the work gear 14.

  Therefore, in order to make the chamfer 130 on the acute angle side and the chamfer 132 on the obtuse angle side the same length, the inventor of the present invention has a tooth and an obtuse angle part contact surface on the acute angle part contact surface 106a side in the processing tooth 104a. The design result shown in FIG. 24 was obtained by trying a design with different tooth depth on the side of 108a.

  In FIG. 24, the tooth depth on the side of the acute contact portion 106a that processes the end face corner portion 30a on the acute angle side of the tooth 26 of the work gear 14 is the diameter D1, and the end face corner portion 30b on the obtuse angle side is processed. The toothpick on the side of the obtuse-angle-contacting surface 108a to be performed has a diameter D2, and D2> D1. On the acute angle portion contact surface 106a side and the obtuse angle portion contact surface 108a side, a step shape is formed based on the diameter D1 and the diameter D2. The small protrusion 136 at the center is a portion remaining as a basic shape (see the broken line portion) of the processing tooth 104a (the small protrusion 136 can be omitted).

  However, in practice, it is considerably difficult to form teeth having a shape as shown in FIG. Therefore, the present inventor has further studied and, as shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, based on the basic shape of the processing tooth 104a (see the broken line portion), the region up to the diameter D1 on the acute contact portion 106a side. For the region up to the diameter D2 on the obtuse-angled portion contact surface 108a side, the basic shape is maintained, and the remaining portions are connected by an arc.

The dimensions of each part will be described. First, a well-balanced chamfering diameter Dz is set by the work gear 14 (see FIG. 23). The diameter D1 corresponding thereto from the chamfer diameter Dz calculated by predetermined calculation using the diameters D1, obtains the _{H a = (DKC-D1)} / 2. H _a is the outer diameter (diameter) DKC of phrasing cutter 18 in FIG. 25, the height difference between the diameter D1.

Using this H _a, the tooth tip radius R _a of the circular arc shape of the tip portion of the acute angle portion contact surface 106a side, obtained as _{R a = H a / (1} -sinα a), obtuse portion contact surface 108a The arcuate tooth tip radius R _b of the tip portion on the side is obtained as R _b = H _b / (1−sin α _b ). Here, α _a is the pressure angle on the acute angle side (the acute angle portion contact surface 106a side), and α _b is the pressure angle on the obtuse angle side (the obtuse angle portion contact surface 108a side).

Accordingly, the maximum contact portion diameter between the contact portion maximum diameter of the acute contact portion 106a with respect to the end face corner portion 30a (that is, the region of the involute surface up to the diameter D1) and the contact of the obtuse corner contact surface 108a with respect to the end face corner portion 30b. The height H of the difference from the diameter (that is, the area of the involute surface up to the diameter D2) is H = R _a −R _b = H _a / (1−sin α _a ) −H _b / (1−sin α _b ). . Here, representatively shown the magnitude of H _a in FIG. 27.

  According to the settings shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, the chamfer 132 on the obtuse angle side is chamfered by approximately H from the beginning, based on the state shown in FIG. 23 (the phantom line in FIG. 23). (Refer to part), both the chamfers 130 and the chamfers 132 are formed in substantially the same length, and the balance is improved. Further, the amount of the chamfer 132 on the obtuse angle side becomes sufficient, the tooth depth of the machining tooth 104a does not become unnecessarily high, and the machining tooth 104a does not interfere with the tooth bottom of the work gear 14. .

  With the setting of the machining teeth 104a as shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, the phrasing cutter 102 can be easily manufactured with a simple shape having no stepped portion. The shape of the processing tooth 104a has been described as a representative, but the same applies to the processing tooth 104b.

  As described above, according to the gear machining apparatus 100 and the phrasing cutter 102 according to the second embodiment, since the phrasing cutter 102 meshes with the work gear 14 with an axis crossing angle ψ, the end face angle of the work gear 14 is determined. In addition to crushing and chamfering the portions 30a, 30b, 31a, and 31b, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a surging portion of the surplus due to the crushing. Further, it is possible to chamfer the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and on both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth 26 of the work gear 14, which is efficient.

Further, by setting the maximum contact portion diameter of the acute angle contact surface 106a to be smaller than the maximum contact portion diameter of the obtuse angle contact surface 108a, the end surface corner portion 30a on the acute angle side of the tooth 26 of the work gear 14; It is possible to chamfer 31a and the end face corner portions 30b and 31b on the obtuse angle side with a good balance. Further, in other words, the tooth tip radius R _a of the tip of the acute angle portion contact surface 106a side, by setting larger than tooth tip radius R _b of the obtuse portion contact surface 108a side, of the workpiece gear 14 The end face corners 30a, 31a on the acute angle side of the tooth 26 and the end face corners 30b, 31b on the obtuse angle side can be chamfered with good balance.

  The gear machining device 100 and the phrasing cutter 102 according to the second embodiment have suitable characteristics similar to those of the gear machining device 12 and the phrasing cutter 18 according to the first embodiment. That is, the tooth surface of the phrasing cutter 102 is an involute surface having no corner as a cutting blade, and is easy to manufacture. Further, when the axis crossing angle ψ is 5 ° or more, the effect of suppressing the raised portion 80 is high, and when the axis crossing angle ψ is 8 ° or less, the tooth tip width (corresponding to the cutter remaining width S3 (see Table 3)) is obtained. Width) can be appropriately increased, and the strength can be ensured.

  In the above description, the work gear 14 has a helical shape, but may be a spur gear. Even when the work gear 14 is a spur gear, a phrasing cutter corresponding to this is provided, and the axis J2 as the cutter support part and the axis J1 as the work support part are engaged with each other with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ. The phrasing cutter in this case has machining teeth corresponding to the machining teeth 104a and 104b so as to chamfer four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction on each tooth 26 of the work gear 14. It is good to have. Thereby, the gear machining apparatus and the phrasing cutter can not only crush and chamfer the end face corners of the work gear 14, but can also suppress the occurrence of a surging portion of the surplus due to the crushing. Further, it is possible to chamfer the four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and on both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth 26 of the work gear 14, which is efficient.

  In the above description, the chamfering of the work gear 14 by the phrasing cutters 18 and 102 has been described. However, when burrs are generated in the rough cutting by the hob or pinion cutter in the previous stage, the phrasing cutters 18 and 102 are used. A deburring process may be performed by a deburring cutter (not shown) at the same time as or before or after the chamfering process.

  Of course, the gear machining apparatus and the phrasing cutter according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various configurations can be adopted without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a gear machining device and a phrasing cutter according to a first embodiment. It is a perspective view of a work gear. It is a partial expanded sectional view of the teeth of the work gear. It is a perspective view of the phrasing cutter concerning a 1st embodiment. It is an expansion perspective view of the meshing part of the phrasing cutter and work gear concerning a 1st embodiment. It is the schematic diagram which expand | deployed the phrasing cutter and workpiece gear which concern on 1st Embodiment along the surrounding surface, respectively. It is the schematic diagram which each developed the to-be-cut gear and the phrasing cutter along the surrounding surface in the meshing state which concerns on a prior art. FIG. 8A is a schematic perspective view of the meshing portion at the initial stage of meshing, FIG. 8B is a schematic perspective view of the meshing portion at the middle stage of meshing, and FIG. 8C is a schematic perspective view of the meshing portion at the end of meshing. It is a schematic perspective view of the right tooth surface after a process. FIG. 10A is a diagram showing the movement trajectory of the tooth surface of the phrasing cutter at the end face corner when the axis crossing angle is 5 °, and FIG. 10B is the phrasing cutter at the end face corner when the axis crossing angle is 8 °. It is a figure which shows the movement locus | trajectory of this tooth surface. It is a schematic perspective view of the left tooth surface after a process. It is the schematic diagram which expanded the part of the cut gear and the phrasing cutter along the peripheral surface. It is an enlarged view of an end face corner portion of a work gear which has been chamfered with an axis crossing angle of 0 °. It is an enlarged view of an end face corner portion of a work gear which has been chamfered with an axis crossing angle of 5 °. It is an enlarged view of an end face corner portion of a work gear chamfered with an axis crossing angle of 8 °. It is an enlarged view of the end face corner of the 2000th workpiece gear when chamfering is performed 2000 times with an axis crossing angle of 5 °. It is a schematic diagram which shows the relationship between the tooth | gear in a phrasing cutter, an axis crossing angle, a cutter tooth tip width | variety, an interference amount, a clearance gap, and a cutter remaining width. FIG. 18A is a diagram showing the movement trajectory of the tooth surface of the phrasing cutter at the end face corner when the axis crossing angle is 4 °, and FIG. 18B is the phrasing cutter at the end face corner when the axis crossing angle is 5 °. FIG. 18C is a diagram showing the movement trajectory of the tooth surface of the phrasing cutter at the end face corner when the axis crossing angle is 6 °. It is an expansion perspective view of the meshing part of the phrasing cutter and work gear concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is the schematic diagram which expand | deployed the phrasing cutter and workpiece gear which concern on 2nd Embodiment along the surrounding surface, respectively. It is the schematic diagram which expand | deployed the phrasing cutter and workpiece gear which concern on 2nd Embodiment in case a twist angle is small respectively along the surrounding surface. It is a figure explaining the general meshing conditions of a gearwheel. It is a schematic diagram of the tooth | gear formed so that the chamfering in the end face corner part of an acute angle side was long to the position near a tooth bottom rather than the chamfering of the end face corner part of an obtuse angle side. In order to make the chamfer on the acute angle side and the chamfer on the obtuse angle side the same length, the machined tooth with a design where the toothpaste on the acute angle part contact surface side and the toothpaste on the obtuse angle part contact surface side in the processed tooth are different. It is a schematic diagram. In order to make the chamfer on the acute angle side and the chamfer on the obtuse angle side the same length in the section XXV-XXV in FIG. It is a schematic diagram of the processing tooth | gear from which the actual toothpaste by the side of a contact surface differs, and each front-end | tip part was connected by circular arc shape. It is a perspective view of the processing tooth shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the front-end | tip part by the side of the acute angle part contact surface in the process tooth shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12,100 ... Gear processing apparatus 14 ... Workpiece gear 18, 102 ... Phrasing cutter 26 ... Tooth 28 ... Tooth surface 30a, 30b, 31a, 31b ... End surface corner | angular part 32a, 32b, 104a, 104b ... Processing tooth 33a ... Acute angle sharp Portion 33b: blunt angle sharp portion 80: Swelling portion 106a, 106b ... acute angle portion contact surface 108a, 108b ... obtuse angle portion contact surface 110 ... auxiliary surface J1, J2 ... axis _Ra , _Rb ... tooth tip radius β ... twist angle ψ ... Axis crossing angle

Claims (11)

A workpiece support that pivotally supports a helical workpiece gear;
Engages with the work gear provided on the workpiece support, and chamfers four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth of the work gear, corresponding to the tooth width A phrasing cutter comprising two layers of dentition,
A cutter support for pivotally supporting the phrasing cutter;
Have
The cutter support portion meshes the phrasing cutter with the work gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ,
The processing teeth of the phrasing cutter have a contact portion maximum diameter of an acute angle contact surface that contacts an acute angle corner of the tooth of the work gear, and an obtuse angle of the tooth of the work gear. A gear machining apparatus, wherein the gear machining device is set to be smaller than a maximum diameter of a contact portion that contacts an obtuse angle portion contact surface. A workpiece support that pivotally supports a helical workpiece gear;
Engages with the work gear provided on the workpiece support, and chamfers four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth of the work gear, corresponding to the tooth width A phrasing cutter comprising two layers of dentition,
A cutter support for pivotally supporting the phrasing cutter;
Have
The cutter support portion meshes the phrasing cutter with the work gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ,
The processing teeth of the phrasing cutter have cross-sections at the tip of the acute angle contact surface side that contacts the acute angle corner of the tooth of the work gear and the obtuse angle contact surface side that contacts the obtuse angle corner. an arc-shaped, gear machining apparatus characterized by being larger than the tooth tip radius R _b of the tip radius R _a of the acute angle portion contact surface is obtuse portion contacting side. The gear machining apparatus according to claim 2, wherein
The maximum contact portion diameter of the acute angle contact surface is a cutter outer diameter − (1−sin α _a ) × R _a × 2, and the maximum contact portion diameter of the obtuse angle contact surface is the cutter outer diameter− (1 −sin α _b ) × R _b × 2, where α _a is the pressure angle of the cutter tip at the acute angle side, and α _b is the pressure angle of the cutter tip at the obtuse angle side. The gear processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
In the meshing part of the phrasing cutter and the work gear, the inclination direction of the torsion angle β of the work gear with respect to the rotation axis of the work support part, the inclination direction of the axis crossing angle ψ, and the phrasing cutter In the gear machining apparatus, the inclination direction of the axis crossing angle ψ is the same with respect to a tooth surface of a machining tooth for machining an acute angle side of the work gear. The gear machining apparatus according to claim 4, wherein
In the meshing portion of the phrasing cutter and the work gear, a rotation shaft of the work support portion and a tooth surface of a machining tooth for machining the acute angle side of the work gear in the phrasing cutter are parallel to each other. Gear processing device. In the gear processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The gear machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the tooth surface of the processing teeth of the phrasing cutter is an involute surface having no corner as a cutting blade. In the gear machining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The shaft crossing angle ψ is 5 ° to 8 °. A workpiece support that pivotally supports a spur tooth type work gear;
Engages with the work gear provided on the workpiece support, and chamfers four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth of the work gear, corresponding to the tooth width A phrasing cutter comprising two layers of dentition,
A cutter support for pivotally supporting the phrasing cutter;
Have
The gear processing device, wherein the cutter support portion meshes the phrasing cutter with the work gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ. A phrasing cutter that chamfers four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth of the helical work gear, and includes two layers of tooth rows corresponding to the tooth width,
Meshed with the work gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ,
The processing teeth of the phrasing cutter have a contact portion maximum diameter of an acute angle contact surface that contacts an acute angle corner of the tooth of the work gear, and an obtuse angle of the tooth of the work gear. A phrasing cutter, wherein the phrasing cutter is set to be smaller than a maximum diameter of a contact portion that contacts an obtuse angle portion contact surface. A phrasing cutter that chamfers four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth of the helical work gear, and includes two layers of tooth rows corresponding to the tooth width,
Meshed with the work gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ,
The processing teeth of the phrasing cutter have cross-sections at the tip of the acute angle contact surface side that contacts the acute angle corner of the tooth of the work gear and the obtuse angle contact surface side that contacts the obtuse angle corner. arc shape and is, phrasing cutter, characterized in that the tooth tip radius R _a of the acute angle portion contact surface side is set larger than the tooth tip radius R _b of the obtuse portion contact surface side. A phrasing cutter comprising chamfers at four corners on both sides in the tooth width direction and both sides in the tooth thickness direction for each tooth of the spur gear, and having two layers of teeth corresponding to the tooth width,
A phrasing cutter that meshes with the work gear with a non-zero axis crossing angle ψ.

Images