JP2010119931A - Method for removing organic fluorine compound - Google Patents

Method for removing organic fluorine compound Download PDF

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JP2010119931A
JP2010119931A JP2008294200A JP2008294200A JP2010119931A JP 2010119931 A JP2010119931 A JP 2010119931A JP 2008294200 A JP2008294200 A JP 2008294200A JP 2008294200 A JP2008294200 A JP 2008294200A JP 2010119931 A JP2010119931 A JP 2010119931A
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acid
perfluorooctanoic acid
perfluorooctanoic
water
porous membrane
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Takashi Minaki
尚 皆木
Masahiro Henmi
昌弘 辺見
Shinichi Minegishi
進一 峯岸
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Industries Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for removing not only suspended substances and germs in raw water but also perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and/or perfluorooctanoic acid using a porous membrane having high pure water permeability for use, for example, in water treatment. <P>SOLUTION: By the method for removing organic fluorine compounds, the perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid are removed from a liquid mixture containing the perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and/or perfluorooctanoic acid through a separation process using the porous membrane made of a polyvinylidene fluoride series resin consisting of a globular particle. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、高い純水透過性能を有する多孔質膜を用いた分離処理により、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸および/またはペルフルオロオクタン酸を含む液状混合物からペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸を除去する方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、精密ろ過膜を用いた排水処理、浄水処理、工業用水製造などの水処理におけるペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸の除去処理方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for removing perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid from a liquid mixture containing perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and / or perfluorooctanoic acid by a separation treatment using a porous membrane having high pure water permeation performance. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for removing perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid in water treatment such as wastewater treatment, water purification treatment, and industrial water production using a microfiltration membrane.

精密ろ過膜は食品工業、医療、用水製造および排水処理分野などをはじめとして様々な方面で利用されている。特に近年では、表流水、伏流水、地下水などから、生活用水・工業用水・農業用水を製造する水処理分野において広く使われるようになってきている。精密ろ過膜の主な除去対象は、濁質や細菌など大きさが約0.1μm以上の成分である。一般的に精密ろ過膜は、限外ろ過膜、逆浸透膜やナノろ過膜に比べ細孔が大きいため、非常に高い純水透過性能を示すが、低分子量物質の除去性能は低い。   Microfiltration membranes are used in various fields including the food industry, medicine, water production and wastewater treatment. Particularly in recent years, it has come to be widely used in the field of water treatment for producing domestic water, industrial water, and agricultural water from surface water, underground water, groundwater and the like. The main removal target of the microfiltration membrane is a component having a size of about 0.1 μm or more such as turbidity and bacteria. In general, microfiltration membranes have very large pores compared to ultrafiltration membranes, reverse osmosis membranes, and nanofiltration membranes, and therefore exhibit very high pure water permeation performance, but low-molecular-weight substance removal performance is low.

一方で数年前から、河川水などに含まれる界面活性剤が問題視されてきている。特にペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸やペルフルオロオクタン酸などの人工の有機フッ素化合物が、一部の河川水中に高濃度で存在することが明らかとなっている。ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸やペルフルオロオクタン酸は界面活性剤としての特性を有することから、撥水剤、消化剤、ワックスなど広い用途で使用されてきた。しかし、これらは難分解性で、生物への蓄積性が高く、ヒトへの健康影響の可能性も指摘されている。これらの物質は一般的な精密ろ過膜や限外ろ過膜では、その大きさが孔径に対して非常に小さく除去できないため、種々の方法が提案されてきた。   On the other hand, surfactants contained in river water have been regarded as a problem for several years. In particular, it has been revealed that artificial organic fluorine compounds such as perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid are present in high concentrations in some river waters. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid have properties as surfactants, and thus have been used in a wide range of applications such as water repellents, digestive agents, and waxes. However, these are persistent and highly accumulating in living organisms, and it has been pointed out that they may have health effects on humans. Various methods have been proposed since these substances cannot be removed with a general microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane because the size thereof is very small with respect to the pore diameter.

例えば特許文献1には逆浸透膜を用いて有機フッ素化合物を除去する方法が記載されているが、純水透過性能が著しく低く、実用的ではなかった。さらに、シリカゲルを利用した方法が特許文献2で、アニオン交換樹脂を利用した方法が特許文献3や特許文献4でそれぞれ開示されているが、これらの吸着材では濁質や細菌などを十分に除去することができなかった。
特開2002−58966号公報 DE2407834号公報 国際公開第99/62858号パンフレット 国際公開第99/62830号パンフレット
For example, Patent Document 1 describes a method of removing an organic fluorine compound using a reverse osmosis membrane, but the pure water permeation performance is extremely low, which is not practical. Furthermore, the method using silica gel is disclosed in Patent Document 2 and the method using anion exchange resin is disclosed in Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4, respectively, but these adsorbents sufficiently remove turbidity and bacteria. I couldn't.
JP 2002-58966 A DE2407834 WO99 / 62858 pamphlet WO99 / 62830 pamphlet

本発明では上記のような問題点に鑑み、高い純水透過性能を有する多孔質膜を用いて、原水中の濁質や細菌などに加え、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸を除去できる方法を提供することを目的とする。   In the present invention, in view of the above problems, a method capable of removing perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid in addition to turbidity and bacteria in raw water using a porous membrane having high pure water permeation performance. The purpose is to provide.

上記課題を解決するための本発明は、球状構造からなるポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂製の多孔質膜を用いた分離処理により、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸および/またはペルフルオロオクタン酸を含む液状混合物からペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸を除去することを特徴とする、有機フッ素化合物の除去処理方法である。   In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and / or a liquid mixture containing perfluorooctane sulfonic acid by a separation treatment using a porous membrane made of a polyvinylidene fluoride resin having a spherical structure. An organic fluorine compound removal treatment method characterized by removing acid and perfluorooctanoic acid.

本発明によれば、高い純水透過性能を有する多孔質膜を用いて、原水中の濁質や細菌などに加え、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸を除去する方法を提供できる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for removing perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid in addition to turbidity and bacteria in raw water using a porous membrane having high pure water permeability.

本発明は、球状構造からなるポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂製の多孔質膜を用いることで、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸および/またはペルフルオロオクタン酸を含む液状混合物からペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸を除去することを特徴とする。すなわち、球状構造からなるポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂製の多孔質膜が、原水中の濁質や細菌などに加えて、非常に効率よく、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸を除去できることを見出した。   The present invention removes perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid from a liquid mixture containing perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and / or perfluorooctanoic acid by using a porous membrane made of a polyvinylidene fluoride resin having a spherical structure. It is characterized by. That is, it has been found that a porous membrane made of a polyvinylidene fluoride resin having a spherical structure can remove perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid very efficiently in addition to turbidity and bacteria in raw water.

ここで球状構造とは、球状の固形分が互いにその一部を共有することにより連結された構造である。球状の固形分とは真円率(長径/短径)が2以下である固形分とする。比較的大きな固形分がその多くの部分を共有して連結された構造であることから物理的強度が高く、同時に固形分間の空隙が大きいことから、純水透過性能も高い。すなわち精密ろ過膜として非常にポテンシャルの高い構造である。   Here, the spherical structure is a structure in which spherical solid components are connected by sharing a part thereof. The spherical solid content is defined as a solid content having a roundness ratio (major axis / minor axis) of 2 or less. Since the relatively large solid content is connected and shared in many parts, the physical strength is high, and at the same time, the voids in the solid content are large, so that the pure water permeation performance is also high. That is, it has a very high potential structure as a microfiltration membrane.

これまで、球状構造の多孔質膜は、固形分間の空隙が大きいため、低分子量物質の除去は不可能であると考えられていた。しかし球状構造からなるポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂製の多孔質膜を用いて、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸を含む液状混合物をろ過したところ、非常に効率よく除去できることを見出した。詳細は不明であるが、液状混合物が球状構造の三次元的に広がった複雑な流路を通過する際に、液状混合物中のペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸が球状の固形分表面に形成された空隙に入り込むことで除去されると考えられる。   Until now, it has been considered that a porous membrane having a spherical structure cannot remove low molecular weight substances because of a large gap between solids. However, when a liquid mixture containing perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid was filtered using a porous membrane made of a polyvinylidene fluoride resin having a spherical structure, it was found that it could be removed very efficiently. Although details are unknown, when the liquid mixture passes through a complicated flow path having a three-dimensionally expanded spherical structure, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid in the liquid mixture are formed on the spherical solid surface. It is thought that it is removed by entering the void.

本発明において、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸を除去する際に、球状構造からなるポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂製の多孔質膜を通過する形状・性状については特に制限されず、上述のようにペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸および/またはペルフルオロオクタン酸を含有した液状混合物であればよい。   In the present invention, when removing perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid, the shape and properties passing through the porous membrane made of polyvinylidene fluoride resin having a spherical structure are not particularly limited. Any liquid mixture containing octanesulfonic acid and / or perfluorooctanoic acid may be used.

ここで、液状混合物とは、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸および/またはペルフルオロオクタン酸を含む液状の混合物であれば特に限定されないが、通常存在する原水、すなわちその50重量%を超える主成分が水である液状混合物が好ましい。液状混合物中のペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸および/またはペルフルオロオクタン酸の濃度測定は、公知の液体クロマトグラフ/質量分析計(LC/MS/MS)を用いた方法により行うことができる。すなわち試料1Lに、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸−13およびペルフルオロオクタン酸−13をサロゲート物質として添加後、酸性下固相抽出し、メタノールで溶出させ、試験液を調整し、LC/MS/MSを用いて、分離・定量することによって測定することができる。 Here, the liquid mixture is not particularly limited as long as it is a liquid mixture containing perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and / or perfluorooctanoic acid, but normally present raw water, that is, a liquid whose main component exceeding 50% by weight is water. Mixtures are preferred. The concentration of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and / or perfluorooctanoic acid in the liquid mixture can be measured by a method using a known liquid chromatograph / mass spectrometer (LC / MS / MS). That the sample 1L, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid - 13 C 4 and perfluorooctanoic acid - after addition of 13 C 2 as a surrogate substance was acidified under solid phase extraction, eluting with methanol to adjust the test liquid, LC / MS / It can be measured by separation and quantification using MS.

本発明に用いられる多孔質膜は、ポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂製であることにより、耐薬品性、物理的強度を兼ね備えることができる。ここでポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂とはフッ化ビニリデンホモポリマーおよび/またはフッ化ビニリデン共重合体を含有する樹脂を意味し、複数の種類のフッ化ビニリデン共重合体を含有しても構わない。フッ化ビニリデン共重合体は、フッ化ビニリデン残基構造を有するポリマーであり、典型的にはフッ化ビニリデンモノマーとそれ以外のフッ素系モノマーなどとの共重合体である。かかる共重合体としては、例えば、フッ化ビニル、四フッ化エチレン、六フッ化プロピレン、三フッ化塩化エチレンから選ばれた1種類以上とフッ化ビニリデンとの共重合体が挙げられる。また、本発明の効果を損なわない程度に、前記フッ素系モノマー以外の例えばエチレンなどのモノマーが共重合されていても良いし、他の樹脂を含んでいても良い。   The porous membrane used in the present invention is made of a polyvinylidene fluoride resin, so that it can have both chemical resistance and physical strength. Here, the polyvinylidene fluoride resin means a resin containing a vinylidene fluoride homopolymer and / or a vinylidene fluoride copolymer, and may contain a plurality of types of vinylidene fluoride copolymers. The vinylidene fluoride copolymer is a polymer having a vinylidene fluoride residue structure, and is typically a copolymer of a vinylidene fluoride monomer and other fluorine-based monomers. Examples of such a copolymer include a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and one or more selected from vinyl fluoride, ethylene tetrafluoride, propylene hexafluoride, and ethylene trifluoride chloride. Further, a monomer such as ethylene other than the fluorine-based monomer may be copolymerized or other resin may be included to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

このような球状構造からなるポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂製の多孔質膜は、その形状が中空糸膜であっても平膜であってもよく、例えば、国際公開第03/031038号パンフレットおよび特開2003−320228号公報に記載されている方法により好ましく製造される。すなわちポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂および該樹脂の貧溶媒を含有し、温度が相分離温度以上であるポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂溶液を相分離温度以下の冷却浴に吐出し凝固させることなどにより製造することができる。   The porous membrane made of polyvinylidene fluoride resin having such a spherical structure may be a hollow fiber membrane or a flat membrane, for example, WO 03/031038 pamphlet and JP It is preferably produced by the method described in 2003-320228. That is, it can be manufactured by discharging a polyvinylidene fluoride resin solution containing a polyvinylidene fluoride resin and a poor solvent for the resin and having a temperature equal to or higher than the phase separation temperature into a cooling bath having a temperature equal to or lower than the phase separation temperature. it can.

そして製造された多孔質膜を用いて膜モジュールを作製し、該膜モジュールを用いた膜ろ過装置により、液状混合物をろ過するなどの方法で、液状混合物からペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸を除去することができる。ここでモジュールとは中空膜を複数本束ねて円筒状の容器に納め、両端または片端をポリウレタンやエポキシ樹脂などで固定し、透過水を集水できるようにしたものや、平膜を固定したり平板状に中空糸膜の両端を固定し透過水を集水できるようにしたりしたもののことである。また膜ろ過装置とは膜モジュールの原水側にポンプや水位差などの加圧手段または透過水側にポンプまたはサイフォンなどによる吸引手段を設けた装置である。   Then, a membrane module is produced using the produced porous membrane, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid are removed from the liquid mixture by a method such as filtering the liquid mixture with a membrane filtration apparatus using the membrane module. can do. Here, a module is a bundle of a plurality of hollow membranes placed in a cylindrical container and fixed at both ends or one end with polyurethane or epoxy resin to collect permeated water, or a flat membrane is fixed. The flat fiber is fixed at both ends of the hollow fiber membrane so that permeate can be collected. The membrane filtration device is a device in which a pressure means such as a pump or a water level difference is provided on the raw water side of the membrane module, or a suction means such as a pump or siphon is provided on the permeate side.

以下に具体的な実施例を挙げて本発明を説明するが、本発明はこの実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。ここで液状混合物中のペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸の濃度は次の方法により測定した。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. Here, the concentration of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid in the liquid mixture was measured by the following method.

試料1Lに、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸−13およびペルフルオロオクタン酸−13をサロゲート物質として添加後、酸性下固相抽出し、メタノールで溶出させ、試験液を調整した。調整した試験液を液体クロマトグラフ/質量分析計(LC/MS/MS)を用いて、分離・定量した。
(実施例1)
東レ株式会社製のトレフィル外圧式ポリフッ化ビニリデン製中空糸MF膜モジュールHFM−2320を用いた膜ろ過装置により、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸を0.098μg/L、ペルフルオロオクタン酸0.024μg/Lの濃度で含む原水の全ろ過を行った。その結果、ろ過水にはペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸は検出されず、ペルフルオロオクタン酸濃度は0.016μg/Lであった。
The sample 1L, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid - 13 C 4 and perfluorooctanoic acid - after addition of 13 C 2 as a surrogate substance was acidified under solid phase extraction, eluting with methanol, to prepare a test solution. The adjusted test solution was separated and quantified using a liquid chromatograph / mass spectrometer (LC / MS / MS).
Example 1
Using a membrane filtration device using Toray's trefil external pressure-type polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber MF membrane module HFM-2320, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid at a concentration of 0.098 μg / L and perfluorooctanoic acid 0.024 μg / L The whole raw water containing was filtered. As a result, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid was not detected in the filtered water, and the perfluorooctanoic acid concentration was 0.016 μg / L.

Claims (1)

球状構造からなるポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂製の多孔質膜を用いた分離処理により、ペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸および/またはペルフルオロオクタン酸を含む液状混合物からペルフルオロオクタンスルホン酸およびペルフルオロオクタン酸を除去することを特徴とする、有機フッ素化合物の除去処理方法。 It is characterized by removing perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid from a liquid mixture containing perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and / or perfluorooctanoic acid by a separation treatment using a porous membrane made of polyvinylidene fluoride resin having a spherical structure. And a method for removing the organic fluorine compound.
JP2008294200A 2008-11-18 2008-11-18 Method for removing organic fluorine compound Pending JP2010119931A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108854593A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-23 山西大学 A kind of high-throughput double excellent type PVDF plate membrane preparation methods with high rejection
CN114989007A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-09-02 山东东岳高分子材料有限公司 Method for controlling purity of perfluorooctanoic acid

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108854593A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-23 山西大学 A kind of high-throughput double excellent type PVDF plate membrane preparation methods with high rejection
CN114989007A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-09-02 山东东岳高分子材料有限公司 Method for controlling purity of perfluorooctanoic acid

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