JP2010099782A - Machine tool and tool changing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machine tool and the like capable of preventing powdery dusts from entering other mounting part, when a tool is mounted to only one of first and second mounting parts, to which a tool is detachably mounted, for processing. <P>SOLUTION: For example, when a tool T is mounted only to a first mounting part 51 for processing, an embedded plug B is mounted to a second mounting part 52, so as to block it. Therefore, during processing with a tool of the first mounting part, powdery dusts are prevented from entering the second mounting part, so as to mount the tool to the second mounting part at high accuracy and improve processing accuracy by the tool. The first mounting part is formed into a step shape projecting rather than the second mounting part, and is formed to a thickness which does not exceed the step when the embedded plug is mounted to the second mounting part. Thereby, when a gripping part of one magazine arranged on the second mounting part side is indexed to a changing position, and a tool is directly changed between the first mounting part and the gripping part indexed to the changing position, the embedded plug does not interfere. Therefore, there is no need of a step for removing the embedded plug from the second mounting part, so as to shorten a tool changing time and improve processing efficiency. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention includes a tool mounting member in which first and second mounting portions for detachably mounting and holding a tool are provided in parallel, and the tool mounting member is moved in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction while rotating a workpiece by a spindle. The present invention relates to a machine tool that moves a workpiece with a tool and a tool exchange method that directly exchanges a tool between first and second mounting portions and a grip portion of a magazine by moving a tool mounting member.

  In order to improve the machining efficiency of a machine tool, for example, Patent Document 1 proposes a lathe provided with a tool that can perform a plurality of types of machining without changing tools. This tool has a configuration in which a plurality of chips for performing different processes are respectively attached to the end portions of a rod-shaped coupling body. For example, by using a tool in which two chips are attached to both ends of a coupling body, the inner peripheral portion of a cylindrical workpiece gripped by the chuck of the main spindle can be cut and threaded.

In this case, first, the connecting body of the tool is fastened and fixed to the front end of the tool holder with a bolt so that the two chips protrude from both sides of the front end of the tool holder. Next, the tool holder is moved so that the tip of the tool holder faces the end face of the workpiece. Then, by rotating the workpiece and reciprocating the tool holder in the direction parallel to the rotation axis, the inner peripheral portion of the workpiece is cut by the first chip, and thereafter the inner peripheral portion of the workpiece is Threading with 2 tips.
However, in the lathe described in Patent Document 1, since the shape of the connection body of the tool that can be attached to the tool holder is limited, the number of chips that can be attached to the connection body is also limited. For this reason, it is necessary to change the tool when the number of types of machining is greater than the number of chips. However, since the tool coupling is fastened and fixed to the tip of the tool holder with a bolt, it takes time to change the tool, and machining efficiency is increased. descend.

Patent Document 2 proposes a machine tool including a tool mounting member capable of mounting and holding two types of tools and one magazine for automatically exchanging a tool mounted on the tool mounting member. Yes. The tool mounting member includes a first spindle having a first mounting portion for rotatably mounting and holding a tool, and a second spindle having a second mounting portion for mounting and holding the tool so as to be fixed. The magazine is arranged on the second spindle side. According to this machine tool, two types of machining can be performed without changing tools, and three or more types of machining can be handled by exchanging tools with an automatic tool changer.
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2003-159601 (paragraphs 0005 and 0006, FIG. 3) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-92301 (paragraphs 0008, 0011, FIG. 1)

  According to the machine tool described in Patent Document 2, it is possible to efficiently perform a plurality of types of machining. However, for example, when a workpiece is processed with the tool mounted on the first mounting portion while the tools are mounted on the first and second mounting portions, the tool mounted on the second mounting portion during the processing is the workpiece. Such processing cannot be performed when it interferes. In such a case, the workpiece may be processed with the tool mounted on the first mounting portion with the tool removed from the second mounting portion. However, since the inside of the second mounting portion at this time is in an exposed state, dust such as cutting powder scattered during machining of the workpiece by the tool attached to the first mounting portion is present inside the second mounting portion. There is a risk of intrusion. And in the state where dust remains in the inside of the second mounting portion, dust is interposed when the tool is mounted on the second mounting portion, so that the processing accuracy by the tool is reduced or the tool is It may fall off during processing and cause processing defects.

  Machine tool provided with two independently movable tool mounting members, each provided with a first spindle having a first mounting portion and a second spindle having a second mounting portion, and provided with magazines for each spindle on both sides If the tool is mounted on the first and second mounting portions, the workpiece is processed with the tool mounted on the first mounting portion, for example, by retracting the second tool mounting member to the retracted position. However, the tool mounted on the second mounting portion does not interfere with the workpiece. For this reason, the problem of dust intrusion into the inside of the second mounting portion is solved, but it is necessary to arrange a magazine for each spindle, which increases the tool change time and lowers the machining efficiency.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to mount a tool on only one of the first and second mounting portions that detachably mount and hold the tool. A machine tool that can prevent dust from entering the other mounting portion when it is performed, and can directly exchange tools and the like for the first and second mounting portions with only one magazine, and tool replacement Is to provide a method.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structural features of the invention according to claim 1 are: a spindle on which a workpiece is mounted and rotationally driven; and first and second mounting portions that detachably mount and hold a tool. Are provided in parallel, and a tool mounting member that is movable in a longitudinal direction parallel to the axial direction of the spindle and a lateral direction perpendicular thereto, and a gripping part that grips the plurality of tools and plugs that block the mounting part And an indexing drive for indexing a gripping part selected to exchange the tool or the plug directly between the mounting part and the gripping part by the movement of the tool mounting member. A machine tool for processing the workpiece by the tool by moving the tool mounting member in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction while rotating the workpiece by the spindle. The mounting portion is formed in a stepped shape projecting from the second mounting portion, the replacement position of the gripping portion is disposed only on the second mounting portion side, and the plug is connected to the second mounting portion. When the tool is directly exchanged between the first mounting part and the exchange position of the gripping part while being gripped by the part, the tool is formed so as not to interfere with the gripping part.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the tool mounting member is mounted on the main body movable in a direction orthogonal to the spindle shaft so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the spindle shaft. The first and second mounting portions are formed at the tip of the tool mounting member.
A structural feature of the invention described in claim 3 is that, in claim 1 or 2, the tool mounting member is a ram type.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the direct replacement means that the tool or the plug is connected to the gripping portion at the replacement position and the mounting portion. The operation of inserting / extracting between the two is that the movement of the tool mounting member in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is utilized.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the machine tool according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the tool is mounted and held on one of the first and second mounting portions. In the case where the tool is changed while the plug is mounted and held on the other side, the replacement tool is attached to the vacant mounting portion after the plug is moved to the other mounting portion.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, among the first and second mounting portions that detachably mount and hold the tool, for example, when the tool is mounted only on the first mounting portion, the second is mounted. A mounting plug is attached to the mounting portion to close the mounting portion. Thereby, intrusion of dust into the second mounting portion can be prevented during processing by the tool mounted on the first mounting portion. Therefore, when the plug is removed from the second mounting portion and replaced with a tool, it can be mounted with high accuracy, and the processing accuracy of the tool can be improved. Further, the first mounting portion is formed in a stepped shape that protrudes beyond the second mounting portion, and is formed to a thickness that does not exceed the step when the plug is mounted on the second mounting portion. As a result, the grip portion of one magazine arranged on the second mounting portion side is indexed to the replacement position, and the tool is directly exchanged between the first mounting portion and the grip portion indexed to the replacement position. Sometimes, the embedding does not interfere with each other, so that the step of removing the embedding from the second mounting portion is not necessary, and the tool replacement time can be shortened to improve the processing efficiency. Further, since the magazine can be used in common for the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion, the cost can be reduced as compared with a machine tool including two magazines.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, since the first and second mounting portions are formed in parallel at the tip of the tool mounting member, the first and second mounting portions are centered on the tip of the tool mounting member. It will be located near the outer periphery offset from. For this reason, the distance between each tool tip when the tool is mounted on the first and second mounting portions and the central axis of each mounting portion parallel to the central axis of the tool mounting member is the same as that of the tool mounting member having the same shape. This is shorter than the distance between the tool tip when one mounting part is formed at the center of the tip and a tool is mounted on the mounting part and the center axis of the mounting part, that is, the center axis of the tool mounting member. As a result, the moment applied to each tool tip during processing by the tool mounted on the first and second mounting portions is smaller than the moment applied to the tool tip during processing by the tool mounted on one mounting portion. . In other words, the tip rigidity of the tool mounted on the first and second mounting portions can be improved over the tip rigidity of the tool mounted on one mounting portion. Therefore, in machining with the tool mounted on the first and second mounting portions, chattering at the tool tip can be suppressed and machining accuracy can be improved.

According to the invention according to claim 3, in the ram-type tool mounting member, the tip rigidity of the tool mounted on the first and second mounting portions in a state where the ram protrudes, for example, the conventional ram 71 shown in FIG. It is possible to improve the rigidity of the tip of the tool 74 mounted on one mounting portion 73 provided on the axis 72 of the tool, and the tool tip chatter in machining with the tools mounted on the first and second mounting portions. The processing accuracy can be improved by suppressing the above.
According to the invention which concerns on Claim 4, since the magazine which can be directly exchanged is used, it becomes a simple structure and can reduce cost.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 5, after moving a plug to the other mounting part, the replacement tool is attached to the mounting part which became empty. Thereby, since a plug is first transferred between mounting parts, a subsequent tool change process can be simplified. In addition, the first mounting portion is formed in a stepped shape that protrudes more than the second mounting portion, and is formed to a thickness that does not exceed the step when the plug is mounted on the second mounting portion. By indexing the gripping portion of one magazine arranged on the side of the mounting portion 2 to the replacement position, the tool mounted on the first mounting portion can be plugged into the gripping portion indexed to the replacement position. It can be gripped without interference. Therefore, since it is not necessary to remove the plug from the second mounting portion during the delivery operation of the tool, the tool replacement time can be shortened, the machining efficiency can be improved, and the magazine shape can be simplified.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof. This machine tool is a vertical lathe and includes a base 10 formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. In the following description, the vertical direction refers to the Z-axis direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the base 10, and the horizontal direction refers to the X-axis direction parallel to the upper surface of the base 10. Inside the base 10, a spindle 20 is disposed extending in the Z-axis direction, and a support member 21 that supports the spindle 20 so as to be rotatable about the Z-axis is fixed with bolts. A work table 22 to which a chuck (not shown) is attached is attached to the upper surface of the spindle 20, and a workpiece is gripped on the work table 22 by the chuck.

  An upper pulley 23 a and a lower pulley 23 b are coaxially and integrally fixed to the spindle 20 at the lower portion of the spindle 20. On the back side of the spindle 20, a spindle motor 24 and an encoder 25 are arranged and fixed with bolts. A timing belt 27 is stretched between an upper pulley 23 a attached to the spindle 20 and a pulley 26 attached to the output shaft 24 a of the spindle motor 24. A timing belt 29 is stretched between a lower pulley 23 b attached to the spindle 20 and a pulley 28 attached to the rotary shaft 25 a of the encoder 25. When the spindle motor 24 is driven, the spindle 20 is rotated, and the rotating shaft 25a of the encoder 25 is further rotated. Therefore, the encoder 25 detects the rotation angle (phase) of the spindle 20.

A cutting powder receiving member 11 that receives cutting powder of a workpiece falling from the upper surface of the work table 22 is provided around the spindle 20 at the top of the base 10. The cutting powder receiving member 11 includes an inclined surface 11 a that is inclined downward from the rear of the base 10 toward the front. A cutting powder reservoir 12 for collecting cutting powder falling from the cutting powder receiving member 11 and a cutting powder collected in the cutting powder storage section 12 are carried out to the front of the base 10 to the outside. A cutting powder carry-out conveyor is arranged extending in the X-axis direction.
A standing wall 14 is erected on the back surface of the work table 22 at the upper portion of the base 10, and a member 15 is provided on the upper portion of the standing wall 14 to form a gate-shaped column. The member 15 includes a lateral slide guide member 32 and a ram guide member for guiding lateral and longitudinal movement of a ram type tool mounting member (hereinafter referred to as a ram) 50 for mounting and holding a tool holder to which a tool is attached. 42 is attached.

  The lateral slide guide member 32 extends in the X-axis direction and is mounted on the member 15. The horizontal slide guide member 32 is slidably engaged with the horizontal slide 30 via a T-shaped guide mechanism. The lateral slide guide member 32 is provided with a feed screw 31 extending in the X-axis direction via a bearing 31a. The feed screw 31 is screwed to a nut (not shown) of a nut mounting portion 34 that is fixed to the back side of the lateral slide 30. An output shaft 33 a of a lateral slide drive motor 33 attached to the lateral slide guide member 32 is connected to one end of the feed screw 31. When the lateral slide drive motor 33 is driven, the feed screw 31 rotates to move the nut mounting portion 34 (nut), so that the lateral slide 30 is guided by the lateral slide guide member 32 and reciprocates in the lateral direction.

  The ram guide member 42 extends in the Z-axis direction and is mounted on the lateral slide 30. A ram 50 is disposed on the ram guide member 42 so as to extend in the Z-axis direction. A feed screw 41 is arranged in the ram 50 so as to extend in the Z-axis direction via a bearing (not shown). The feed screw 41 is screwed into a nut (not shown) of the nut mounting portion 44 fixed to the ram 50. An output shaft 43a of a ram drive motor 43 attached to the ram guide member 42 is connected to one end of the feed screw 41 via a transmission mechanism (not shown). When the ram drive motor 43 is driven, the feed screw 41 rotates to move the nut mounting portion 44 (nut), so that the ram 50 is guided by the ram guide member 42 and reciprocates in the vertical direction.

  As described above, the ram 50 can reciprocate in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The lower end surface of the ram 50 is provided with first and second mounting portions 51 and 52 in parallel for detachably mounting and holding a tool holder to which a tool is attached. Since the ram 50 protrudes downward, the outer periphery and inner periphery of the workpiece can be easily machined with the tools mounted on the first and second mounting portions 51 and 52 even for a long workpiece. it can. Details of the first and second mounting portions 51 and 52 will be described later.

  A magazine 60 for holding and storing a plurality of tools is provided on the right side of the work table 22 at the top of the base 10 (on the right side of the second mounting portion 52). The magazine 60 has twelve arm-shaped grips 61 arranged radially. One end on the center side of each gripping portion 61 is connected and fixed, and the output shaft 62a of the servo motor 62 is connected to the connecting portion 61a vertically. Moreover, the outer end of each gripping part 61 is formed in a C-shape, and a tool holder attached to the tool is gripped by the C-shaped part 61b. The servo motor 62 is fixed to the upper part of the magazine mounting portion 16 extending in the Z-axis direction from the upper part of the base 10 so that the output shaft 62a is parallel to the Z-axis direction, and is arranged radially. The grip portion 61 is indexed and driven about the Z axis. In this example, the position closest to the ram 50 is an exchange position P for exchanging tools.

  3 (A) and 3 (B) are a front view and a plan view seen from below showing a state in which a tool is mounted and held on the first and second mounting portions 51 and 52, and FIG. It is a front view which shows the state which mounted and hold | maintained the tool and the plug in mounting part 51,52. Inside the first and second mounting parts 51 and 52, a holder attaching / detaching part 53 to which the tool holders Ha and Hb can be attached and detached is arranged.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the cutting edge of the tool Ta mounted and held on the first mounting portion 51 is attached to the tool holder Ha so as to protrude from the outer peripheral left side of the ram 50, and is mounted and held on the second mounting portion 52. The cutting edge of the tool Tb is attached to the tool holder Hb so as to protrude from the right outer periphery of the ram 50. For example, a tool Ta for machining the outer diameter of a workpiece is mounted on the first mounting portion 51 to perform outer diameter processing, and the tool Ta for outer diameter machining is removed from the first mounting portion 51 to remove the second mounting portion. An inner diameter machining tool 52 can be mounted on the workpiece 52 for machining the inner diameter of the workpiece. At this time, the cutting edge of the outer diameter machining tool Ta and the cutting edge of the inner diameter machining tool Tb are shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 3B parallel to the X-axis direction perpendicular to the axis of the ram 50 parallel to the Z-axis direction. Since it is located on the portion L, the accuracy of machining the inner and outer diameters of the workpiece can be improved. When the tool Ta for machining the outer diameter of the workpiece or the tool Tb for machining the inner diameter of the workpiece is attached to either the first mounting portion 51 or the second mounting portion 52, the other mounting portion 51 or 52 can be fitted with a plug.

  When the tool T is attached only to one of the first and second mounting portions 51 and 52, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the holder attaching / detaching portion 53 of the second mounting portion 52. Is exposed. If processing is performed with the tool T attached to the first mounting part 51 in this state, dust such as scattered cutting powder may enter the holder attaching / detaching part 53 of the second mounting part 52.

  Therefore, in this case, the plug B is attached to the second mounting part 52 to close the holder attaching / detaching part 53 to prevent the dust from entering the holder attaching / detaching part 53. Further, the first mounting portion 51 is formed in a stepped shape that protrudes downward from the second mounting portion 52, and the plug B has the above step D when mounted on the second mounting portion 52. The thickness d is not exceeded. Thereby, when exchanging a tool between the 1st mounting part 51 and the holding part 61 indexed to the exchange position P, since the plug B does not interfere with the holding part 61, the tool T can be exchanged directly. .

The process of exchanging tools in the machine tool configured as described above will be described for the first and second cases with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7.
As shown in FIG. 5, the tool replacement in the first case starts from a state in which the used tool TA is mounted and held on the first mounting portion 51 and the plug B is mounted and held on the second mounting portion 52. This is a step of mounting the next use tool TB held by the holding portion 61 of the magazine 60 on the first mounting portion 51.

  First, as shown in FIG. 5A, the magazine 60 is indexed and the empty gripping portion 61 that is not gripping either the next use tool TB or the plug B is indexed to the replacement position P. Then, the ram 50 is moved in the vertical direction (downward) so that the first mounting portion 51 is located at the replacement position P, and then moved in the horizontal direction (right), and the empty gripping portion 61 is moved to the first mounting position. The used tool TA mounted and held on the part 51 is gripped. Subsequently, after the first mounting portion 51 releases the used tool TA, the ram 50 is moved in the vertical direction (upward), the first mounting portion 51 is detached from the replacement position P, and the used tool TA is removed. 1 to the empty gripping part 61.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, the magazine 60 is indexed, and the gripping portion 61 that grips the next use tool TB is indexed to the replacement position P. Then, the ram 50 is moved in the vertical direction (downward) so that the first mounting portion 51 is located at the replacement position P, and as shown in FIG. 5C, the first mounting portion 51 is moved to the next tool TB. Hold on. Subsequently, after the ram 50 is moved in the horizontal direction (leftward), the ram 50 is moved in the vertical direction (upward), the first mounting portion 51 is detached from the replacement position P, and the next use tool TB is moved from the gripping portion 61 to the first position. 1 to the mounting portion 51. Thus, the tool change in the first case is completed.

  As described above, the first mounting portion 51 is formed in a stepped shape projecting from the second mounting portion 52, and the thickness that does not exceed the step D when the plug B is mounted on the second mounting portion 52. d. As a result, the used tool TA attached to the first mounting portion 51 can be gripped by the gripping portion 61 indexed at the replacement position P without interfering with the plug B. In addition, the next use tool TB held by the holding portion 61 indexed at the replacement position P can be mounted on the first mounting portion 51 without interfering with the plug B. Therefore, it is not necessary to remove the plug B from the second mounting portion 52 during the delivery operation of the used tool TA and during the delivery operation of the next use tool TB. Can do. As a process similar to the tool change in the first case, from the state in which the plug B is mounted and held on the first mounting portion 51 and the used tool TA is mounted and held on the second mounting portion 52, When the next use tool TB gripped by the grip portion 61 of the magazine 60 is mounted on the second mounting portion 51, the tool replacement can be completed without the influence of the plug B.

  In the second case, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the used tool TA is mounted and held on the first mounting portion 51, and the plug B is mounted and held on the second mounting portion 52, as shown in FIGS. From the state, the plug B mounted and held on the second mounting portion 52 is mounted on the first mounting portion 51, and the next use tool TB held on the gripping portion 61 of the magazine 60 is mounted on the second mounting portion. This is a step of attaching to the part 52.

  First, as shown in FIG. 6 (A), the magazine 60 is indexed and the empty gripping portion 61 that is not gripping either the next use tool TB or the plug B is indexed to the replacement position P. Then, the ram 50 is moved in the vertical direction (downward) so that the first mounting portion 51 is located at the replacement position P, and then moved in the horizontal direction (right), and the empty gripping portion 61 is moved to the first mounting position. The used tool TA mounted and held on the part 51 is gripped. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6B, the first mounting portion 51 releases the used tool TA, and the ram 50 is moved in the vertical direction (upward) and then moved in the horizontal direction (left). Thus, the first mounting portion 51 is detached from the replacement position P, and the used tool TA is transferred from the first mounting portion 51 to the empty gripping portion 61.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6C, the magazine 60 is indexed and the next empty gripping portion 61 is indexed to the replacement position P. Then, the ram 50 is moved in the vertical direction (downward) so that the second mounting portion 52 is located at the replacement position P and then moved in the horizontal direction (rightward), and the next empty gripping portion 61 is moved to the second position. The embedding plug B mounted and held on the mounting portion 52 is gripped. Subsequently, after the second mounting portion 52 opens the plug B, the ram 50 is moved in the vertical direction (upward) to leave the replacement position P, and the plug B is removed from the second mounting portion 52 to the next empty space. The gripper 61 is transferred. Then, as shown in FIG. 7A, the ram 50 is moved in the horizontal direction (right) and then moved in the vertical direction (downward) so that the first mounting portion 51 is located at the replacement position P. The first mounting portion 51 mounts and holds the plug B. Subsequently, the ram 50 is moved in the horizontal direction (leftward) and then moved in the vertical direction (upward), the first mounting portion 51 is detached from the replacement position P, and the plug B is moved to the next empty gripping portion. 61 to the first mounting part 51.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7B, the magazine 60 is indexed and the gripping portion 61 that grips the next use tool TB is indexed to the replacement position P. Then, after the ram 50 is moved in the lateral direction (rightward) so that the second mounting part 52 is located at the replacement position P, it is moved in the vertical direction (downward), and the second mounting part 52 is moved to the next use tool. Mount and hold TB. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7C, the ram 50 is moved in the horizontal direction (left) and then moved in the vertical direction (upward), so that the second mounting portion 52 is detached from the replacement position P. The next use tool TB is transferred from the gripping portion 61 to the second mounting portion 62. Thus, the tool change in the second case is completed.

  As described above, the first mounting portion 51 is formed in a stepped shape projecting from the second mounting portion 52, and the thickness that does not exceed the step D when the plug B is mounted on the second mounting portion 52. d. As a result, the used tool TA attached to the first mounting portion 51 can be gripped by the gripping portion 61 indexed at the replacement position P without interfering with the plug B. In addition, the next use tool TB held by the holding portion 61 indexed at the replacement position P can be mounted on the first mounting portion 51 without interfering with the plug B. Therefore, since it is not necessary to remove the plug from the second mounting portion during the delivery operation of the used tool TA, the tool replacement time can be shortened and the machining efficiency can be improved.

It should be noted that the plug B mounted on the first mounting portion 51 from the state where the plug B is mounted and held on the first mounting portion 51 and the used tool TA is mounted and held on the second mounting portion 52. When B is transferred to the second mounting portion 52 and the next use tool TB gripped by the gripping portion 61 of the magazine 60 is mounted on the first mounting portion 51, the gripping portion indexed to the replacement position P The next use tool TB held by 61 can be mounted on the first mounting portion 51 without interfering with the plug B. Therefore, it is not necessary to remove the plug from the second mounting portion during the delivery operation of the next use tool TB, so that the tool replacement time can be shortened and the machining efficiency can be improved.
In the above-described embodiment, a vertical lathe has been described as an example of a machine tool. However, the same effect can be obtained by applying the processing machine in a different manner such as a horizontal lathe or a machining center.

It is a front view which shows the machine tool of embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of FIG. (A), (B) is the front view which shows the state which mounted and hold | maintained the tool in the 1st and 2nd mounting part of FIG. 1, and the top view seen from the downward direction. It is a front view which shows the state which mounted and hold | maintained the tool and the plug in the 1st and 2nd mounting part. (A), (B), (C) is a figure which shows sequentially the tool change process in the 1st case in the machine tool of FIG. (A), (B), (C) is a figure which shows sequentially the first half of the tool change process in the 2nd case in the machine tool of FIG. (A), (B), (C) is a figure which shows sequentially the second half of the tool change process in the 2nd case in the machine tool of FIG. It is a front view which shows the ram of the conventional machine tool.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Base, 20 ... Spindle, 30 ... X-axis drive part, 40 ... Z-axis drive part, 50 ... Ram (tool mounting member), 51 ... 1st mounting part, 52 ... 2nd mounting part, 60 ... Magazine, 61 ... gripping part, T, Ta, Tb, TA, TB ... tool, B ... embedding.

Claims (5)

A spindle on which a workpiece is mounted and driven to rotate;
A first and second mounting portion for detachably mounting and holding the tool, the tool mounting member being movable in the longitudinal direction parallel to the axial direction of the spindle and the lateral direction perpendicular thereto;
A plurality of the tools and a gripping part for gripping the plug that closes the mounting part, and the tool or the plug is directly exchanged between the mounting part and the gripping part by moving the tool mounting member; A magazine that is indexed and driven to index the selected gripping part to the replacement position,
A machine tool for processing the workpiece by the tool by moving the tool mounting member in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction while rotating the workpiece by the spindle,
The first mounting portion is formed in a stepped shape protruding from the second mounting portion, and the replacement position of the gripping portion is disposed only on the second mounting portion side,
When the tool is directly exchanged between the first mounting portion and the replacement position of the gripping portion while the plug is gripped by the second mounting portion, it does not interfere with the gripping portion. A machine tool characterized by being formed in. In claim 1,
The tool mounting member is mounted on a main body movable in a direction orthogonal to the spindle axis so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the spindle axis, and the first and second mounting portions are provided on the tool mounting member. A machine tool characterized by being formed at the tip. In claim 1 or 2,
The machine tool characterized in that the tool mounting member is a ram type. In any one of Claims 1-3,
In the direct replacement, the operation of inserting and removing the tool or the plug between the gripping portion at the replacement position and the mounting portion utilizes the movement in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the tool mounting member. A machine tool characterized by In the machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
When exchanging a tool in a state where the tool is mounted and held on one of the first and second mounting portions and the plug is mounted and held on the other,
After moving the plug to the other mounting part, a tool change method is provided, in which a replacement tool is attached to the mounting part that is empty.

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