JP2010094058A - Method for preventing eating damage and eating damage protection member used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preventing eating damage, which has excellent application and surely prevents eating damage by eating damage animals such as deer, and an eating damage protection member used therefor. <P>SOLUTION: The method for preventing eating damage, which protects vegetation of an inclined surface N against eating damage animals, includes arranging in parallel a plurality of eating damage members 1 having a coefficient of static friction of surface against an eating damage animal sole of not more than 0.7 on inclined parts through which eating damage members pass in entering at least a vegetation protection area 2 continuously in the longitudinal direction and at a spaced interval S of not more than 10 cm in the transverse direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a feeding damage prevention method for preventing feeding damage caused by a feeding animal such as a deer, which is used when greening an inclined surface, and a feeding damage protecting member used therefor.

  In recent years, damage caused by large herbivores such as deer has become a problem, especially as it hinders revegetation. That is, even if a revegetation work is performed, the plant for revegetation used in this work is affected by damage at the early stage of germination, and as a result, the slope is often left untreated with insufficient prevention of erosion due to revegetation.

Therefore, in order to prevent the above-mentioned feeding damage, it has been conventionally performed to surround the greening target area with nets, fences, etc., or to arrange plants and repellents repelled by herbivores in and around the greening target area. .
JP 2004-222632 A JP 2003-34933 A

  However, any of the conventional methods has insufficient certainty of preventing damage to the food, and the construction cost and the management cost become high. Therefore, development of a new method that replaces these methods is desired.

  By the way, the feeding animals that cause these feeding damage belong to the cetacean lineage and have hooves on their extremities. The inventors of the present invention focusing on the fact that such a harmful animal has a limited range of action when compared to monkeys, birds, etc., and is not very good at actions on inclined surfaces. We have succeeded in developing a new method that can prevent eating damage.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and an object of the present invention is to provide a damage prevention method capable of reliably preventing damage caused by destructive animals such as deer and a damage protection member used therefor. It is to be. In addition, the term “damaged animals” as used herein refers to animals (deer, antelopes, cormorants, etc.) that belong to the cetacean lineage and cause damage to vegetation on slopes.

  In order to achieve the above object, the method for preventing damage according to the present invention is a damage prevention method for protecting the vegetation on the inclined surface from the damaged animal, and at least the inclination that passes when the damaged animal enters the protected vegetation area. A plurality of damage protection members having a surface static friction coefficient of 0.7 or less with respect to the soles of the damage animals are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction and with a gap of 10 cm or less in the horizontal direction. (Claim 1).

The vegetation protection area | region in this invention is an area | region which is going to vegetate the plant in an inclined surface, Comprising: It is an area | region protected by a damage protection member.
In the present invention, “continuously” in the longitudinal direction of the damage protection member includes a case where there is a slight gap between the damage protection members.
In the present invention, as a continuous arrangement in the vertical direction of the corrosion protection member (up and down direction along the inclined surface; indicated by a double arrow Y in FIG. 1), the end surfaces of the corrosion protection member are in close contact with each other as shown in FIG. A close contact (contact) configuration may be employed, or an overlapping configuration in which a part is superimposed as shown in FIG. 2 may be employed. Moreover, you may provide some clearance gaps between the end surfaces of a corrosion protection member. In either case, there is no place where the foot of the damage-causing animal that is supported will hang, and it will not slide off with the damage protection member. When the damage protection members are overlapped with each other as shown in FIG. 2, the damage protection member on the shoulder side (upper side) is overlapped on the damage protection member on the side of the next law bottom (lower side). It is preferable because the overlapped portion does not allow the foot of the predatory animal to hang.

  Moreover, a plant can be grown from the clearance protection member by providing a clearance S (S ≦ 10 cm) of 10 cm or less in the lateral direction (direction indicated by a double-headed arrow X perpendicular to the Y direction). This is preferable. It is not appropriate to provide a gap larger than 10 cm, because the insect-feeding animal can put a foot into the gap and pass on the inclined surface. Desirably, by setting the gap S to be 5 cm or less (S ≦ 5 cm), it is possible to create a more unstable state without being able to enter when a pest animal tries to put a foot into the gap S.

  In addition, the present invention is a method for preventing damage caused by an inclined surface, and the slope (angle) α of the inclined portion is preferably 30 degrees or more, and preferably 39 degrees or more in order to have more certainty.

  Moreover, this invention is a damage protection member used for the damage prevention method of Claim 1 from another viewpoint, Comprising: The surface static friction coefficient with respect to the sole of a damage animal is 0.7 or less. A characteristic food damage protection member is provided (claim 2).

  The shape of the damage protection member in the present invention can be appropriately selected from a plate shape, a tile shape, a columnar shape, a prismatic shape, a kamaboko shape, etc. Among them, the cross-sectional shape is any one of a semicircular shape, an arc shape, and a triangular shape. (Claim 3) It is preferable to reduce the ground contact area with respect to the sole of the animal to be eaten and place the animal to be eaten on the food damage protecting member because a more unstable state can be created.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the material of the damage protection member is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that the material is not damaged by the load of the damage animal. Specifically, resin, metal, plant-derived material, etc. can be selected as appropriate. Examples of plant-derived materials include natural bamboo, wood from which bark has been removed, and plant plastics.
In addition, it is preferable to use plant-derived materials such as natural bamboo from the viewpoint of environment and landscape, and at that time, coating with a covering material (for example, fluororesin, silica, carbon, titanium, etc.) (For example, organic chemical substances such as nitriles and natural antibacterial agents such as hinokitiol) can be applied in advance to improve their strength and corrosion resistance, and to reduce frictional resistance (improve slip properties). It is.

In the present invention, it is preferable that a plurality of the damage protection members are connected in parallel with a space of 10 cm or less in the lateral direction.
That is, in the present invention, the damage protection members (for example, natural bamboo) may be installed and fixed one by one, but a plurality of damage protection members (for example, natural bamboo) are appropriately provided (wire, rough rope, bolt, etc.). ), The damage protection member sheet (for example, a bamboo sheet) connected in parallel with the gap S opened may be used. And what is necessary is just to produce the thing of various magnitude | sizes and to select suitably according to the field.
Moreover, as a single damage protection member constituting the damage protection member sheet, a short damage protection member (3 to 20 cm) that is flexibly connected in the vertical direction can be used. In this case, the inclined surface is uneven. Even if there is, it can be installed flexibly along with it.

  And in this invention, the reliable damage protection effect can be exhibited by installing the damage protection member so that the place (greening construction construction site) which performed the revegetation work may be covered.

Moreover, in this invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the damage protection member is installed only in the outer edge part of the revegetation construction site (that is, the place where the pest animals must pass when entering the revegetation work site). It is also possible to do. In this case, for example, a damage protection member zone having a vertical width (width along the Y direction) Y ₂ and a horizontal width (width along the X direction) X ₁ and X ₂ of 2 m or more is provided so that the animal is not jumped over. Is preferred. For example, the deer's jumping force (vertical jumping force with respect to the ground) as a feeding animal is about 1.8 m, and as shown in FIG. In such a case, the buttock 6 may be covered with a food damage protection member (for example, a bamboo sheet) having a height higher than this.

According to the invention according to claim 1 of the present application, when a food damage animal is placed on the food damage protection member, it cannot be invaded due to its low frictional resistance, and is protected by the food damage protection member. The area can escape from damage. In addition, this causes the damage animal to recognize the damage damage protected area as a dangerous place by learning, and thus exhibits a repelling effect.
Since the damage protection member is laid with a gap of 10 cm or less in the lateral direction, plants can be grown from the gap. In addition, although the damage animal cannot be placed on the damage protection member, it is possible to coexist with the damage animal since the neck can be extended from the outside to eat the plant on the damage protection member.
Further, since the slope is covered with the corrosion protection member, slope erosion due to rain water or the like can be prevented.

  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention in which a plant-derived material is used as a food damage protection member, and a plurality of food damage protection members are installed so as to cover the entire area where the revegetation work is planned (land for greening). The form of is shown. In addition, FIG. 1 has shown the state immediately after installation of the damage protection member.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a flat bamboo sheet (an example of a food damage protection member sheet) that covers a greening target site 2 as a vegetation protection region on the slope N. In this embodiment, a plurality of bamboo sheets 1, 1, 1 having substantially the same shape are installed in order to cover the entire area to be planted 2.
3 is a natural bamboo whose cross section used as a damage protection member is, for example, an arc. In some cases, it is possible to use a plastic artificial bamboo having a cross section formed into, for example, an arc shape. The bamboo sheet 1 is a unit in which a plurality of bamboos 3 are connected in parallel in the X direction (lateral direction) with a gap S opened by appropriate means (wire, rough rope, bolt, etc.) Various shapes, sizes, materials, and structures are manufactured, and the number of units is determined according to the site, that is, according to the area to be laid (the area of the greening target area 2).
In this embodiment, as a bamboo sheet 1, a plurality of bamboos 3 having substantially the same length L and substantially the same width M (<L) with a gap (space) S of 10 cm or less opened one by one as a wire T Are connected in parallel.
The slope (angle) α of the slope N with respect to the ground E (FIG. 2) is preferably 30 degrees or more, more preferably 39 degrees or more.
In the present embodiment, the greening target land 2 has a rectangular shape in plan view extending vertically from the shoulder 5 on the upper end side of the slope N in the Y direction (vertical direction) to the slope 6 on the lower end side of the slope 2 in the Y direction. I am doing.
In this embodiment, the gap S is set to 5 cm or less in order to create an extremely unstable state when a pest animal tries to put a foot into the gap S and does not enter. Moreover, the bamboo sheet | seat 1 is a planar view rectangle, and long side length L 'is 1 m. Moreover, the length L of one bamboo 3 is 80 cm, and the width M is 6 cm. In addition, the planar view shape of the bamboo sheet | seat 1 is not restricted to a rectangle, For example, the thing of various magnitude | sizes and shapes, such as a square, is employable.
And in order to cover the greening target area 2 whole surface, the continuous arrangement | positioning to the Y direction of several bamboo sheet | seats 1,1,1 is the lower bamboo next to the circular arc-shaped lower end surface m of each bamboo 3 of the upper bamboo sheet | seat 1. The bamboo 1 of the sheet 1 is in close contact (contact) with the arcuate upper end surface n of the bamboo 3. Note that a slight gap may be provided between the arc-shaped lower end surface m and the arc-shaped upper end surface n so as not to allow the animal to eat. Moreover, the bamboo sheet | seat 1 is fixed to the greening target ground 2 by the anchor 4 being driven in the longitudinal direction both ends a and b of each bamboo 3. FIG.

  And in each bamboo sheet | seat 1, although there exists an effect which slips when a pest is put on the surface of the bamboo 3 whose cross section is circular arc shape, in order to improve a slip effect, it rubs before arrange | positioning the bamboo sheet | seat 1 to the planting site 2 Resin having reduced resistance and further anticorrosive effect is applied in advance to at least the surface of the bamboo 1, so that the coefficient of static friction of the surface is 0.7 or less.

Thus, first, the vegetation surface 2c is formed on the surface of the slope 2 by spraying plant seeds, for example, by spraying or the like, and the greening target land 2 is obtained. A vegetation mat containing plant seeds may be laid on the surface of the slope N, and other vegetation surfaces may be used for forming the vegetation surface. Subsequently, a plurality of bamboo sheets 1 prepared in advance so as to cover the entire surface of the greening target area 2 are arranged in the Y direction as shown in FIG. 1, and in this embodiment, the longitudinal direction (r direction) of the bamboo 3. Is installed in a state along the Y direction, and is fixed to the greening target site 2 by the anchor 4. A plant grows from the gap S, but when a feeding animal is placed on the arcuate bamboo 1 having a cross section of the bamboo sheet 1, the feeding animal becomes a greening target site 2 because the frictional resistance is reduced and the balance is lost. Can't invade. In addition, since the gap S is set to 5 cm or less, it is not possible to enter when the animal is trying to put a foot into the gap S, and a more unstable state can be created. As a result, it is possible to prey on the plants that have grown from the gap S within the reach of the neck of the feeding animal.
In other words, the plant that grew in the greening target area 2 is not allowed to be eaten by 100% prey animals, but the vegetation is maintained to the extent that does not interfere with the protection of vegetation, and prey to the prey animals to some extent, causing a sudden change in the natural ecology. However, the natural bamboo 3 can be used to exert a food damage effect while coexisting with food animals.

Thus, since the state which used the natural bamboo 3 and covered the greening target ground 2 whole surface is the planar bamboo sheet | seat 1, it does not have a bad influence on scenery. Also, there is no adverse effect on the environment.
Furthermore, the bamboo sheet 1 covering the entire surface of the greening target area 2 can obtain the effect of preventing slope N erosion.
Moreover, by changing the place where the bamboo sheet 1 is installed, it is possible to adjust the predatory or non-predatory part, which can contribute to not having a sudden impact on the ecology of the predatory animals.
Instead of the bamboo sheet 1, a plurality of natural bamboos 3 may be installed and fixed one by one.
In addition, as a bamboo constituting the bamboo sheet 1, instead of the bamboo 3 having a length L (= 80 cm) used in this embodiment, a bamboo having a length shorter than the bamboo 3, for example, a bamboo having a length of about 3 to 20 cm is used. What was connected flexibly in the Y direction can also be used. In this case, even when the inclined surface has irregularities, it can be flexibly installed along it.

  In FIG. 2A, the bamboo sheet 1 on the shoulder side (upper side) is superposed on the bamboo sheet 1 on the side of the next side (lower side) as a form of continuous arrangement of the bamboo sheet 1 in the Y direction. A second embodiment of the present invention will be described. 2A, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 1 are the same or equivalent.

2A, in this embodiment, a vegetation surface 2c is formed on the surface of the slope N by spraying plant seeds, for example, by spraying or the like, and is designated as a greening target site 2. Subsequently, a plurality of bamboo sheets 1 are installed as shown in FIG. 2A so as to cover the entire surface of the greening target site 2 and fixed to the greening target site 2 by the anchor 4.
That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the bamboo sheets 1 are arranged in parallel in the Y direction by providing a gap S of, for example, 5 cm or less between the bamboos 3 and 3. And the continuous arrangement | positioning to the Y direction of the bamboo sheet | seat 1 is the arc-shaped lower end part m 'of the bamboo 3 of the upper bamboo sheet | seat 1 on the arc-shaped upper end part n' of the bamboo 3 of the adjacent lower bamboo sheet | seat 1. The anchor 4 is placed on the overlapping portion 7 and fixed to the greening target site 2. By adopting such a superposition structure, the superposition part 7 is not effective for preventing intrusion because the foot of the predatory animal is not applied. When this superposition configuration is reversed, that is, the arc-shaped lower end m ′ of the bamboo 3 of the upper bamboo sheet 1 is superimposed under the arc-shaped upper end n ′ of the bamboo 3 of the adjacent lower bamboo sheet 1. In this case, the end surface 8 of the arcuate upper end n ′ is directed upward, and the end surface 8 is hung on the end surface 8 and supported by the end surface 8 as shown in FIG. There is a possibility that the insects will be placed on the bamboo sheet 1 from the direction.
Also in this embodiment, instead of the bamboo sheet 1, a plurality of natural bamboos 3 may be installed and fixed one by one.

  FIGS. 3 and 4 show only the outer edge portion (that is, a place that must be passed when a pest is invaded into the greening target area 2) 2a in the greening target area 2 (2a, 2b) that is the construction site for greening. A third embodiment of the present invention is shown in which a plurality of bamboo sheets are installed to prevent the feeding animals from jumping over. 3 and 4, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A are the same or equivalent.

  3 and 4, in this embodiment, not the entire surface of the greening target land 2 (2a, 2b) on the slope N having a vertically long rectangular shape in plan view, but the greening target land 2 (2a, 2b) Only the outer edge 2a is covered. And while installing the some bamboo sheet | seats 1a-1f so that the inside 2b of the greening target ground 2 may not be covered, it prevents that the predatory animal a walks from the shoulder 5 and descends to the greening target ground 2 of the slope N. Therefore, an additional bamboo sheet 1 g is installed on the shoulder 5. In this embodiment, the bamboo sheets 1b to 1e are of the same size, and any of the bamboo sheets 1a to 1g is rectangular in plan view, but the shape thereof is arbitrary depending on the area to be laid. Of course.

The outer edge 2a includes a butt 6 and the butt 6 is covered with a bamboo sheet 1a. The vertical length Y ₂ in the Y direction of the bamboo sheet 1a is set to about 2 m in order to make it higher than, for example, a deer's jumpable height (jump height in the direction perpendicular to the ground; about 1.8 m) as a feeding animal. It is.

Bamboo sheet 1f covers the face of slope N uppermost greening target area 2a, the vertical length Y ₁ in the Y direction is substantially 1 m. On the other hand, the bamboo sheet 1g covers a part of the shoulder 5 directly above the greening target area 2a covered by the bamboo sheet 1f, and the length A in the direction toward the slope is approximately 1 m, and each bamboo of the bamboo sheet 1f. 3 is placed on the shoulder 5 while the lower end 3b of each bamboo 3 of the bamboo sheet 1g is opposed to the upper end 3a of the bamboo sheet 3g. The length in the X direction is the same length P for the bamboo sheet 1f, the bamboo sheet 1g, and the bamboo sheet 1a.
Here, it is apparent from FIG. 4 that the vertical length Y1 of the bamboo sheet 1f is about ₁ m shorter than about 1.8 m and the length A of the bamboo sheet 1g is about 1 m, as shown in FIG. This is because it is not possible to descend from the slope direction to the greening target area 2 on the slope N.
That is, as for the predatory animal a in front of the bamboo sheet 1g installed on the shoulder 5, the bamboo sheets 1f and 1g cover the whole area near the shoulder, so it is possible to walk down from the shoulder 5 and get off the shoulder. You can't jump from the place (you can't skate with a bamboo sheet 1g). In addition, the feeding animal a cannot see the slope N (slope) from the ground e 5 before the shoulder, and does not jump from fear.

On the other hand, the bamboo sheet 1b and the bamboo sheet 1d are installed between the bamboo sheet 1f and the bamboo sheet 1a in a state in which the end faces of the bamboo 3 are in close contact (contact) with each other in the Y direction. The length X ₁ in the X direction is about 3 m. The bamboo sheet 1c and the bamboo sheet 1e are also installed between the bamboo sheet 1f and the bamboo sheet 1a in a state in which the end faces of the bamboo 3 are in close contact (contact) with each other in the Y direction. The length X ₂ in the X direction is about 3 m. By the way, the reason why the lengths X ₁ and X ₂ are set to about 3 m is as follows.
That is, in FIG. 5, the situation is different from the case of FIG. 4, and the animal pest “a” can jump from the X direction (horizontal direction of the slope N), and the slope N is a slope. The flight distance in the X direction of the damaging animal a (at the position t on the slope N) can be assumed to be about 2 m (if it is a flat ground, it can jump further). In addition, as shown by the arrow i, when the feeding animal “a” jumps diagonally downward, the vector in the X direction acts while falling down, so that the flight distance is longer than the simple jump in the X direction. Because it becomes.

As described above, the bamboo sheets 1a to 1f having an appropriate shape and size corresponding to the width of the outer edge 2a are installed only in the outer edge 2a of the greening construction site 2, and the carnivorous animal a is walking. Since the bamboo sheet 1g having an appropriate shape and size is provided at the margin of the shoulder 5 so that it cannot descend from the shoulder 5 to the planting target area 2 on the slope N, the revegetation construction site 2 may escape from damage. it can. Moreover, the range which the neck of a feeding animal reaches can prey on the plant which grew from the clearance gap S.
In this embodiment, a plurality of natural bamboos 3 may be installed and fixed one by one instead of the bamboo sheets 1a to 1g.

It is a perspective view which shows the installation state of the food damage protection member which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. (2A) is a figure which shows the installation state of the damage protection member which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. (2B) is a configuration explanatory view showing a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the installation state of the damage protection member which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is composition explanatory drawing which shows the use condition in the said 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating the jumping operation | movement of a feeding animal.

Explanation of symbols

1 Bamboo sheet (corrosion protection member)
2 Vegetation protection area N Inclined surface S Clearance

Claims (4)

  A method for preventing damage to a vegetation on an inclined surface from a damaging animal, at least to a slope where the damaging animal passes when entering the vegetation protection area, the coefficient of static friction of the surface against the sole of the damaging animal A method for preventing damage, characterized in that a plurality of damage protection members having a thickness of 0.7 or less are arranged in parallel with a gap of 10 cm or less continuously in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction.   A food damage protection member for use in the food damage prevention method according to claim 1, wherein the static friction coefficient of the surface against the sole of the food damage animal is 0.7 or less.   The food damage protection member according to claim 2, wherein the cross-sectional shape is any one of a semicircular shape, an arc shape, and a triangular shape.   4. The food damage protection member according to claim 3, wherein a space of 10 cm or less in the lateral direction is opened and a plurality of them are connected in parallel.

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