JP2010091768A - Method of manufacturing liquid crystal device and liquid crystal device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device reducing positional deviation of an optical axis of a liquid crystal cell and an optical axis of a polarizer, and to provide the liquid crystal device. <P>SOLUTION: The method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device includes: a step for preparing a liquid crystal cell 50 provided with a liquid crystal layer 40 interposed between an element substrate 10 and a counter substrate 30 that are arranged so as to face each other and a wire grid polarizer 60 provided in at least one spot of the element substrate 10 and having a polarization separation function; a first step for measuring the intensity of light 57 transmitted through an area of the liquid crystal cell 50, in which the wire grid polarizer 60 is provided, and a polarizing plate 44 by rotating at least one of the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 44 within an opposing face in a state in which the polarizing plate 44 is arranged so as to face on an outer side of the element substrate 10 of the liquid crystal cell 50; and a second step for determining the relative positional relationship of the polarizing plate 44 to the wire grid polarizer 60 based on the result of measurement of the intensity of the light 57 and attaching the polarizing plate 44 to the element substrate 10 of the liquid crystal cell 50. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device and a liquid crystal device.

  The liquid crystal device includes a liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a pair of opposed substrates and a pair of polarizing plates disposed on both outer sides of the liquid crystal cell. Since the liquid crystal device performs display using polarized light, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer and the optical axes of the pair of polarizing plates are set to have a predetermined positional relationship. Therefore, in the step of attaching the polarizing plate to the liquid crystal cell, if a deviation occurs in a predetermined arrangement position between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate, desired optical characteristics (contrast, etc.) cannot be obtained and display quality is deteriorated. Become.

  In view of this, a method has been proposed in which alignment with the outer shape of the polarizing plate is performed with reference to an alignment mark provided on one substrate of the liquid crystal cell (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, a method has been proposed in which the alignment direction of the liquid crystal cell and the optical axis of the polarizing plate are aligned with respect to the optical axis of the master polarizer (see, for example, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3).

JP 2000-221461 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-201801 JP 2003-107452 A

  However, in the method described in Patent Document 1, since alignment is performed using the alignment mark and the outer shape of the polarizing plate, if there is a deviation between the outer shape of the polarizing plate and the optical axis, There is a problem that it is difficult to accurately align the optical axis. In the methods described in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal cell and the optical axis of each polarizing plate are individually aligned and pasted with reference to the optical axis of the master polarizer. In addition, the number of steps increases and the number of man-hours increases, and when the master polarizer is displaced, the displacement is reflected in the alignment between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plate.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following forms or application examples.

  Application Example 1 A liquid crystal device manufacturing method according to this application example is sandwiched between a first substrate and a second substrate that are arranged to face each other, and the first substrate and the second substrate. Providing a liquid crystal cell comprising: a liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate; and a first optical element having a polarization separation function provided in at least one location of the first substrate, and the first of the liquid crystal cell. In a plane in which at least one of the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer is opposed to each other in a state where the first polarizer is opposed to the outside of one of the substrate and the second substrate. The first step of measuring the intensity of the light transmitted through the first polarizer and the region where the first optical element of the liquid crystal cell is provided, and the measurement result of the intensity of the light Relative surface of the first polarizer to the first optical element based on Determining the positional relationship in, characterized in that it comprises a second step of the paste into one substrate of the first liquid crystal cell polarizer.

  According to this configuration, the optical axis of the first polarizer is optically aligned with a predetermined position on the basis of the optical axis of the first optical element, so that the relative relationship of the first polarizer with respect to the liquid crystal cell is increased. Determine the positional relationship. For this reason, the relative positional deviation between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer can be reduced. As a result, deterioration of optical characteristics such as contrast of the liquid crystal device can be suppressed, so that display quality of the liquid crystal device can be improved. Furthermore, since the positional relationship between one polarizer and the liquid crystal cell is determined in the same process and the polarizer is attached to the liquid crystal cell, an increase in man-hours due to alignment and attachment can be suppressed.

  Application Example 2 In the liquid crystal device manufacturing method according to the application example, in the first step, the first substrate is disposed outside the first substrate of the liquid crystal cell so as to face the first substrate. One polarizer may be disposed.

  According to this configuration, since the first polarizer is disposed outside the first substrate on which the first optical element is provided, a liquid crystal layer is provided between the first optical element and the first polarizer. There is no intervening. For this reason, when the optical axis of the first polarizer is optically adjusted to a predetermined position on the basis of the optical axis of the first optical element, the optical influence of the liquid crystal layer is eliminated. Thereby, alignment of the 1st polarizing body with respect to a liquid crystal cell can be performed more correctly.

  Application Example 3 A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the application example, wherein an optical axis of the first optical element is arranged in parallel to an alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer in the first substrate, In the second step, the relative positional relationship of the first polarizer with respect to the first optical element may be determined so that the intensity of the light is maximized.

  According to this configuration, when measuring the intensity of the light transmitted through the region where the first optical element of the liquid crystal cell is provided and the first polarizer, the measuring instrument has high sensitivity on the side where the light intensity is high. Can be suitably used.

  Application Example 4 In the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, the optical axis of the first optical element is disposed orthogonal to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer on the first substrate. In the second step, the relative positional relationship of the first polarizer with respect to the first optical element may be determined so that the intensity of the light is minimized.

  According to this configuration, when measuring the intensity of the light transmitted through the region where the first optical element of the liquid crystal cell is provided and the first polarizer, the measuring instrument has high sensitivity on the side where the light intensity is small. Can be suitably used.

  Application Example 5 In the method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device according to the application example, the first optical element may include a metal reflection film arranged in a stripe shape.

  According to this configuration, the wire grid polarizer can be used as the first optical element.

  Application Example 6 In the method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device according to the application example, the first optical element may include a prism array and a dielectric interference film formed on the prism array.

  According to this configuration, an optical element including a dielectric interference film formed on the prism array can be used as the first optical element.

  Application Example 7 In the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the application example, the first optical element may be provided at two or more locations.

  According to this configuration, since the first optical element is provided at two or more places, the optical axis of the first polarizer is set at two or more different positions with reference to the optical axis of the first optical element. Can be optically adjusted to a predetermined position. Thereby, alignment of the 1st polarizing body with respect to a liquid crystal cell can be performed much more correctly.

  Application Example 8 In the method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device according to the application example, the first optical element provided at the two or more locations is provided at a first location, and the first substrate is provided. And an optical element in which an optical axis is arranged in parallel with the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer, and a second position different from the first position, and the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer on the first substrate And an optical element in which an optical axis is arranged orthogonally.

  According to this configuration, when the intensity of light transmitted through the first polarizer and the optical element in which the optical axis is arranged in parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer is increased, the optical axis is orthogonal to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer. The intensity of the light that has passed through the optical element in which the is disposed and the first polarizer is reduced. For this reason, if the positional relationship is determined so that the difference between the measured values of the light intensities of the two is maximized, the alignment of the first polarizer with respect to the liquid crystal cell can be performed more accurately.

  Application Example 9 In the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the application example, the first optical element may be disposed at a position that does not overlap the liquid crystal layer in a planar manner.

  According to this configuration, even if the first polarizer is disposed outside either of the first substrate and the second substrate, the first polarizer is interposed between the first optical element and the first polarizer. Since the liquid crystal layer is not interposed, the optical influence of the liquid crystal layer is eliminated when the optical axis of the first polarizer is optically aligned with a predetermined position on the basis of the optical axis of the first optical element.

  Application Example 10 In the method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device according to the application example, the first substrate has an overhanging portion that does not overlap the second substrate in a planar manner, and the first optical The element may be disposed on the overhang portion.

  According to this configuration, even if the first polarizer is disposed outside either of the first substrate and the second substrate, the first optical element is flat on the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate. Therefore, the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate are not interposed between the first optical element and the first polarizer. For this reason, when the optical axis of the first polarizer is optically adjusted to a predetermined position on the basis of the optical axis of the first optical element, the optical influence of the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate is eliminated. . Thereby, alignment of the 1st polarizing body with respect to a liquid crystal cell can be performed more correctly.

  Application Example 11 In the method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device according to the application example, the liquid crystal cell includes a reflective display region arranged in a display region contributing to display, and the first optical element is the reflective device. It may be arranged in the display area.

  According to this configuration, when aligning the first polarizer in the transflective liquid crystal device, the optical element disposed in the reflective display region can be used as a reference for alignment.

  Application Example 12 In the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the application example, the liquid crystal cell is provided in a reflective display area arranged in a display area contributing to display, and in the reflective display area of the first substrate. And a second optical element having a provided polarization separation function.

  According to this configuration, if the first optical element used as a reference for alignment of the first polarizer and the second optical element arranged in the reflective display area are configured in the same manner, the second optical element In the step of forming the element, the first optical element can be formed together.

  [Application Example 13] A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the application example, wherein after the second step, the outside of the other substrate of the first substrate and the second substrate of the liquid crystal cell. The first optical element of the liquid crystal cell is rotated by rotating at least one of the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer in a state where the second polarizer is disposed opposite to the liquid crystal cell. And a third step of measuring the intensity of light transmitted through the first polarizer and the second polarizer, and the first intensity measurement result based on the measurement result of the light intensity. A relative position of the second polarizer with respect to the polarizer and the liquid crystal cell in a plane is determined, and the second polarizer is attached to the other substrate of the liquid crystal cell. And a process.

  According to this configuration, the optical axis of the second polarizer is optically predetermined with respect to the liquid crystal cell in which the first polarizer is attached with the optical axis aligned with the predetermined position in the second step. Since the position is matched, the positional deviation between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer can be reduced.

  Application Example 14 A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the application example, wherein at least one of the first polarizer and the second polarizer is laminated on a polarizing plate and the polarizing plate. And an optical compensation plate.

  According to this configuration, even when the polarizer includes the polarizing plate and the optical compensation plate, it is possible to reduce the relative positional deviation between the liquid crystal cell, the first polarizer, and the second polarizer.

  Application Example 15 A liquid crystal device according to this application example includes a first substrate and a second substrate which are arranged to face each other, and a liquid crystal sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. A first optical element having a layer, a pair of polarizers disposed on both outer sides of the first substrate and the second substrate, and a polarization separation function provided in at least one location of the first substrate And a display area that contributes to display, wherein the first optical element is disposed outside the display area.

  According to this configuration, the liquid crystal device includes the first optical element that serves as a reference for alignment of the polarizer when the polarizer is attached. For this reason, since the optical axis of the polarizer can be optically adjusted to a predetermined position with the optical axis of the first optical element as a reference, the relative positional deviation between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizer can be reduced. Thereby, since the contrast fall of a liquid crystal device is suppressed, the display quality of a liquid crystal device can be improved.

  Application Example 16 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, the optical axis of the first optical element is arranged in parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer on the first substrate, and The optical axis of at least one of the polarizers may be arranged parallel to the optical axis of the first optical element.

  According to this configuration, when the polarizer is attached to the liquid crystal cell, when the optical axis of the polarizer is at a predetermined position with respect to the optical axis of the first optical element, the first optical element of the liquid crystal cell is The intensity of light transmitted through the provided region and the polarizer is maximized. Therefore, when measuring the light intensity, it is possible to suitably use a measuring instrument having high sensitivity on the side where the light intensity is high.

  Application Example 17 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, the optical axis of the first optical element is arranged orthogonal to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer on the first substrate, and the pair The optical axis of at least one of the polarizers may be arranged orthogonal to the optical axis of the first optical element.

  According to this configuration, when the polarizer is attached to the liquid crystal cell, when the optical axis of the polarizer is at a predetermined position with respect to the optical axis of the first optical element, the first optical element of the liquid crystal cell is The intensity of light transmitted through the provided region and the polarizer is minimized. Therefore, when measuring the light intensity, it is possible to suitably use a measuring instrument having high sensitivity on the side where the light intensity is small.

  Application Example 18 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, the first optical element may be provided at two or more locations.

  According to this configuration, since the first optical element is provided at two or more places, the optical axis of the first polarizer is set at two or more different positions with reference to the optical axis of the first optical element. Can be optically adjusted to a predetermined position. Thereby, alignment of the 1st polarizing body with respect to a liquid crystal cell can be performed more correctly.

  Application Example 19 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, the first optical element provided at the two or more locations is provided at a first location, and the liquid crystal on the first substrate is provided. An optical element having an optical axis arranged parallel to the alignment direction of the layer, and a second location different from the first location, orthogonal to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer on the first substrate And an optical element having an optical axis that is arranged.

  According to this configuration, when the intensity of light transmitted through the optical element having the optical axis arranged parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer and the polarizer increases, the optical axis is arranged orthogonal to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer. The intensity of the light transmitted through the optical element and the polarizer becomes small. For this reason, if the positional relationship is determined so that the difference between the measured values of the two light intensities is maximized, the polarizer can be more accurately aligned with the liquid crystal cell.

  Application Example 20 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example, the first optical element may be disposed at a position that does not overlap the liquid crystal layer in a planar manner.

  According to this configuration, the liquid crystal layer is not interposed between the first optical element and the polarizer. For this reason, when the optical axis of the polarizer is optically adjusted to a predetermined position with reference to the optical axis of the first optical element, the optical influence of the liquid crystal layer is eliminated. The alignment can be performed more accurately.

  Application Example 21 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, the first substrate has a projecting portion that does not overlap the second substrate in a planar manner, and the first optical element includes: You may arrange | position to the said overhang | projection part.

  According to this configuration, since the first optical element does not overlap the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate in a plane, the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate are interposed between the first optical element and the polarizer. No intervention. For this reason, when the optical axis of the polarizer is optically adjusted to a predetermined position with reference to the optical axis of the first optical element, the optical influence of the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate is eliminated. The alignment of the polarizer with respect to the first optical element can be performed more accurately.

  Application Example 22 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, the first optical element may include metal reflective films arranged in a stripe shape.

  According to this configuration, the wire grid polarizer can be used as the first optical element.

  Application Example 23 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, the first optical element may include a prism array and a dielectric interference film formed on the prism array.

  According to this configuration, an optical element including a dielectric interference film formed on the prism array can be used as the first optical element.

  Application Example 24 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, a reflection display area arranged in the display area and a second having a polarization separation function provided in the reflection display area of the first substrate. The optical element may be further provided.

  According to this configuration, if the first optical element used as a reference for alignment of the polarizer and the second optical element provided in the reflective display region are configured in the same manner, the second optical element is formed. In this step, the first optical element can be formed together.

  Application Example 25 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, at least one of the pair of polarizers may include a polarizing plate and an optical compensator laminated on the polarizing plate. .

  According to this configuration, even when the polarizer includes the polarizing plate and the optical compensation plate, it is possible to reduce the relative positional deviation between the liquid crystal cell, the first polarizer, and the second polarizer.

  The present embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each of the drawings to be referred to, in order to show the configuration in an easy-to-understand manner, the layer thickness, dimensional ratio, angle, and the like of each component are appropriately changed.

(First embodiment)
<Liquid crystal device>
First, the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 1A is a plan view of the liquid crystal device, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing an electrical configuration of the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a pixel of the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 3A is a plan view showing the configuration of the pixel when viewed from the counter substrate side, and FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal cell. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. In FIG. 3A, the counter substrate is not shown.

  The liquid crystal device 100 according to the first embodiment is, for example, an active matrix type liquid crystal device including a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) element as a switching element, and an FFS (Fringe-Field Switching) type transmission type. This is a liquid crystal device.

  As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the liquid crystal device 100 includes a liquid crystal cell 50. The liquid crystal cell 50 is sandwiched between the element substrate 10 as the first substrate, the counter substrate 30 as the second substrate disposed opposite to the element substrate 10, and the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30. And a liquid crystal layer 40. The element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30 are bonded to each other with a frame-shaped sealing agent 41 therebetween. The liquid crystal layer 40 is sealed in a space surrounded by the element substrate 10, the counter substrate 30, and the sealing agent 41.

  The display area 2 is an area contributing to display in the liquid crystal device 100. The display region 2 is located in a region surrounded by the sealing agent 41, that is, a region in which the liquid crystal layer 40 is enclosed. The element substrate 10 is provided with a wire grid polarizer 60 as a first optical element. The wire grid polarizer 60 is disposed outside the display region 2 in the region surrounded by the sealant 41. The wire grid polarizer 60 has a polarization separation function.

  The element substrate 10 has a protruding portion 10 a which is larger than the counter substrate 30 and is a portion protruding from the counter substrate 30. A driver IC 42 for driving the liquid crystal layer 40 is mounted on the projecting portion 10a.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, a polarizing plate 44 as a first polarizer is disposed on the outer surface of the element substrate 10. A polarizing plate 45 serving as a second polarizer is disposed on the outer surface of the counter substrate 30. Although not shown, an illumination device such as a backlight is disposed on the polarizing plate 44 side so as to face the polarizing plate 44.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of scanning lines 12, a plurality of signal lines 14, and a plurality of common wirings 17 are formed in the display region 2. The plurality of scanning lines 12 and the plurality of common wirings 17 are arranged substantially parallel to each other. The plurality of signal lines 14 are arranged so as to intersect with the plurality of scanning lines 12 and the plurality of common wirings 17, respectively. Pixels 4 are provided corresponding to the intersections of the scanning lines 12 and the common lines 17 and the signal lines 14.

  The pixels 4 are arranged in a matrix so that there is a space between adjacent pixels 4. The pixel 4 contributes to display of any one of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and one pixel group is configured from the three pixels 4 that contribute to each display of R, G, and B. ing. In the liquid crystal device 100, various colors can be displayed by appropriately changing the brightness of each of the three pixels 4 in each pixel group.

  In each of the pixels 4, a pixel electrode 16 and a TFT element 20 for controlling the pixel electrode 16 are formed. Each pixel 4 is formed with a common electrode 18 for generating a horizontal electric field with the pixel electrode 16. The common electrode 18 is electrically connected to the common wiring 17.

  A source electrode 20 s (see FIG. 3A) of the TFT element 20 is electrically connected to a signal line 14 extending from the signal line driving circuit 13. Data signals S1, S2,..., Sn are supplied to the signal line 14 from the signal line driving circuit 13 in a line sequential manner. A gate electrode 20 g (see FIG. 3A) of the TFT element 20 is a part of the scanning line 12 extending from the scanning line driving circuit 15. The scanning signals G1, G2,..., Gm are supplied to the scanning lines 12 from the scanning line driving circuit 15 in a line sequential manner. The drain electrode 20 d (see FIG. 3A) of the TFT element 20 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 16.

  The data signals S1, S2,..., Sn are written to the pixel electrode 16 through the signal line 14 at a predetermined timing by turning on the TFT element 20 for a certain period. The data signal of a predetermined level written in the liquid crystal layer 40 through the pixel electrode 16 in this way is held for a certain period with the common electrode 18. Here, a storage capacitor 19 is formed between the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 18, and the voltage of the pixel electrode 16 is held for a time longer than the time when the source voltage is applied, for example. As a result, the charge retention characteristics are improved, and the liquid crystal device 100 can perform display with a high contrast ratio.

  Next, the configuration of the liquid crystal device 100 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3A, the pixel 4 includes a pixel electrode 16, a common electrode 18 for generating a horizontal electric field between the pixel electrode 16, and a TFT element 20 for controlling the pixel electrode 16. And are provided.

  The pixel electrode 16 is formed in a rectangular shape and has a plurality of slit-shaped openings 16a. The slit-shaped openings 16a are formed in parallel to each other in a direction along the extending direction of the signal line 14, for example. The pixel electrode 16 is electrically connected to the drain electrode 20d of the TFT element 20 through a contact hole 24a that penetrates the insulating layer 24 (see FIG. 4). The pixel electrode 16 is made of a light-transmitting conductive material, for example, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide).

  The common electrode 18 is formed in a rectangular shape and is provided so as to overlap the pixel electrode 16 in a planar manner. The common electrode 18 overlaps the common wiring 17 on one side, and is electrically connected to the common wiring 17 at this portion. The common electrode 18 is made of a light-transmitting conductive material, for example, ITO.

  The TFT element 20 includes a gate electrode 20g, a semiconductor layer 20a, a source electrode 20s, and a drain electrode 20d. The gate electrode 20g is a part of the scanning line 12. The semiconductor layer 20a is formed at a position overlapping the gate electrode 20g in a planar manner. The source electrode 20s is a portion branched from the signal line 14, and a part thereof is formed so as to cover a part (source side) of the semiconductor layer 20a. The drain electrode 20d is formed so as to partially cover the semiconductor layer 20a (drain side).

As shown in FIG. 4, the element substrate 10 is configured with the substrate 11 as a base, and the TFT element 20, the common wiring 17, the common electrode 18, the gate insulating layer 22, and the insulating layer are formed on the substrate 11. 24, the pixel electrode 16, the alignment film 28, and a wire grid polarizer 60 (see FIG. 5). The substrate 11 is made of a light-transmitting material, for example, glass, quartz, resin, or the like. The substrate 11 may be covered with an insulating layer made of a silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) film or the like.

  On the liquid crystal layer 40 side of the substrate 11, a gate electrode 20g, a common wiring 17 and a common electrode 18 are formed. The gate insulating layer 22 is formed so as to cover the substrate 11, the gate electrode 20 g, the common wiring 17, and the common electrode 18. On the gate insulating layer 22, a semiconductor layer 20a, a source electrode 20s, and a drain electrode 20d are formed.

  The insulating layer 24 is formed so as to cover the gate insulating layer 22, the semiconductor layer 20a, the source electrode 20s, and the drain electrode 20d. The pixel electrode 16 is formed on the insulating layer 24. The pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 18 are opposed to each other via the gate insulating layer 22 and the insulating layer 24, and the gate insulating layer 22 and the insulating layer 24 sandwiched between the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 18 are provided. A storage capacitor serving as a dielectric film is formed.

  In the element substrate 10, when a voltage is applied between the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 18, a lateral electric field in a direction parallel to the element substrate 10 is generated around the slit-shaped opening 16 a and its periphery. The orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 40 is controlled by this lateral electric field. The arrangement of the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 18 is not limited to this form. The common electrode 18 may be disposed closer to the liquid crystal layer 40 than the pixel electrode 16. In the case of such a configuration, the common electrode 18 has a slit-shaped opening.

  An alignment film 28 is formed on the element substrate 10 on the side in contact with the liquid crystal layer 40. The alignment film 28 is made of, for example, a polyimide resin. On the surface of the alignment film 28, for example, an alignment such as a rubbing process is performed with a direction that forms an angle of 5 degrees clockwise with respect to the extending direction of the signal line 14 as an alignment direction (see FIG. 3B). Processing has been applied.

  Next, the counter substrate 30 is located on the observation side of the liquid crystal device 100. The counter substrate 30 includes a substrate 31 as a base, and includes a light shielding layer 32, a color filter layer 34, an overcoat layer 35, and an alignment film 36 on the substrate 31.

  The substrate 31 is made of a light-transmitting material, and is made of glass, quartz, resin, or the like, for example. The light shielding layer 32 and the color filter layer 34 are formed on the substrate 31. The light shielding layer 32 is disposed in a region between adjacent pixels 4 on the substrate 31. The color filter layer 34 is disposed corresponding to the region of the pixel 4. The color filter layer 34 is made of, for example, an acrylic resin and contains color materials corresponding to R, G, and B colors. The overcoat layer 35 is formed so as to cover the light shielding layer 32 and the color filter layer 34.

  An alignment film 36 is formed on the side of the counter substrate 30 that contacts the liquid crystal layer 40. The alignment film 36 is made of, for example, a polyimide resin. On the surface of the alignment film 36, for example, the rubbing of the alignment film 28 is performed with a direction that forms an angle of 5 degrees clockwise with respect to the extending direction of the signal line 14 as an alignment direction (see FIG. 3B). An orientation process such as a rubbing process is performed in a direction different from that of 180 degrees.

  The liquid crystal layer 40 is disposed between the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30. The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 40 are regulated by the alignment treatment applied to the alignment film 28 and the alignment film 36 in a state where no electric field is generated between the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 18 (off state). They are oriented horizontally along the orientation direction (see FIG. 3B). Further, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 40 generate an electric field generated in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the opening 16a in a state where the electric field is generated between the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 18 (on state). Orient along. Thus, in the liquid crystal layer 40, a phase difference is imparted to the light passing through the liquid crystal layer 40 using the birefringence based on the difference in the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules between the off state and the on state.

  Next, the wire grid polarizer 60 will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the wire grid polarizer 60 according to the first embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the wire grid polarizer 60, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 5A.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the wire grid polarizer 60 includes a plurality of metal reflection films 61 arranged in a stripe shape. The metal reflection film 61 has a linear shape, and is disposed on the substrate 11 substantially parallel to each other. The metal reflection film 61 is made of a metal having high light reflectivity, for example, aluminum. The material of the metal reflective film 61 may be APC (silver-palladium-copper alloy) or the like.

  The metal reflection films 61 are arranged at a predetermined pitch. The arrangement pitch of the metal reflection films 61 is set smaller than the wavelength of incident light, and is, for example, about 40 nm to 140 nm. The height of the metal reflection film 61 is, for example, about 100 nm. The width of the metal reflection film 61 is, for example, about 100 nm.

  The wire grid polarizer 60 is formed in a process of forming the TFT element 20 and the like by a semiconductor process. Therefore, the wire grid polarizer 60 is formed with the same accuracy as the TFT element 20 or the like. The wire grid polarizer 60 is formed in alignment with a mark or the like provided on the element substrate 10 for alignment (positioning) when the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30 are bonded together.

  The wire grid polarizer 60 has a function of separating incident light into reflected light and transmitted light having different polarization states. The wire grid polarizer 60 reflects a polarization component parallel to the extending direction of the metal reflection film 61 in the incident light and transmits a polarization component orthogonal to the extending direction of the metal reflection film 61. That is, the wire grid polarizer 60 has a transmission axis 60a and a reflection axis 60b as optical axes. As shown in FIG. 5A, the transmission axis 60 a is orthogonal to the extending direction of the metal reflecting film 61, and the reflecting axis 60 b is parallel to the extending direction of the metal reflecting film 61.

The metal reflection film 61 may be formed on the gate insulating layer 22 or may be formed on the insulating layer 24. The metal reflective film 61 may be covered with a protective layer made of silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) or the like.

  Next, optical design conditions of the liquid crystal device 100 will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining optical design conditions of the liquid crystal device 100. The polarizing plates 44 and 45 have a transmission axis and an absorption axis as optical axes. FIG. 6A shows a transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 and a transmission axis 45 a of the polarizing plate 45. The transmission axis 44a of the polarizing plate 44 and the transmission axis 45a of the polarizing plate 45 are disposed so as to be orthogonal to each other.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, the slit-like opening 16 a of the pixel electrode 16 extends along the extending direction of the signal line 14. The direction of the electric field generated between the pixel electrode 16 and the common electrode 18 in the on state is a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the signal line 14, that is, a direction along the extending direction of the scanning line 12. The rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36 is a direction that forms an angle of 5 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to the extending direction of the signal line 14 (opening 16a).

  The transmission axis 60 a of the wire grid polarizer 60 is arranged in parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36. Therefore, the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60 is a direction that forms an angle of 5 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to the extending direction of the signal line 14 (opening 16a). The reflection axis 60b of the wire grid polarizer 60 is a direction orthogonal to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36, and an angle of 95 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to the extending direction of the signal line 14 (opening 16a). It is a direction to make.

  The transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36, and the transmission axis 45 a of the polarizing plate 45 is orthogonal to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36. That is, the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is parallel to the transmission axis 60 a of the wire grid polarizer 60, and the transmission axis 45 a of the polarizing plate 45 is orthogonal to the transmission axis 60 a of the wire grid polarizer 60. Therefore, the linearly polarized light that passes through the wire grid polarizer 60 passes through the polarizing plate 44 but does not pass through the polarizing plate 45.

  When the transmission axes 44a and 45a of the polarizing plates 44 and 45 are arranged at such predetermined positions, light incident on the liquid crystal device 100 from the illumination device in the off state is parallel to the transmission axis 44a by the polarizing plate 44. It is converted into linearly polarized light and enters the liquid crystal layer 40. The linearly polarized light emitted from the liquid crystal layer 40 in the same polarization state is blocked by the polarizing plate 45 because the polarization direction is orthogonal to the transmission axis 45a of the polarizing plate 45, so that the liquid crystal device 100 performs dark display. Become. Therefore, the liquid crystal device 100 is in a normally black mode.

  By the way, if the relative positional relationship between the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36 and the transmission axes 44a and 45a of the polarizing plates 44 and 45 is shifted, a small amount of incident light is transmitted in the off state. The display quality is deteriorated such as the contrast is lowered and the background color is colored. Therefore, when the polarizing plates 44 and 45 are attached to the liquid crystal cell 50, the liquid crystal is arranged such that the transmission axes 44a and 45a are arranged at predetermined positions in the optical design with respect to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36. In order to ensure the display quality of the liquid crystal device 100, it is important to accurately match the relative positional relationship between the polarizing plates 44 and 45 with respect to the cell 50.

  Therefore, in the liquid crystal device 100, the wire grid polarizer 60 having the transmission axis 60a parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36 is used as a reference for alignment when the polarizing plates 44 and 45 are attached to the liquid crystal cell 50. It is provided on the substrate 10. That is, the liquid crystal cell 50 (the rubbing of the alignment films 28 and 36 is rubbed) by optically aligning the transmission axis of one of the polarizing plates 44 and 45 with reference to the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60. Misalignment of the polarizing plates 44 and 45 with respect to (direction) can be reduced.

  In the liquid crystal device 100, the optical design conditions such as the extending direction of the opening 16a of the pixel electrode 16 and the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36 are not limited to the above forms.

<Method for manufacturing liquid crystal device>
Next, a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment. 8, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are diagrams for explaining a method of attaching a polarizing plate according to the first embodiment.

  In FIG. 7, process P <b> 11 and process P <b> 12 are processes for manufacturing the element substrate 10, and process P <b> 21 and process P <b> 22 are processes for manufacturing the counter substrate 30. Process P11 and process P12 and process P21 and process P22 are performed independently, respectively. Process P31 and process P32 are processes in which the liquid crystal cell 50 is prepared by combining the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30. Step P33 is a step of attaching the pair of polarizing plates 44 and 45 to the liquid crystal cell 50. In addition, a well-known technique is applicable to the process which is not explained in full detail among these processes.

  First, the process for manufacturing the element substrate 10 and the process for manufacturing the counter substrate 30 will be described. In step P11, the TFT element 20, the common wiring 17, the common electrode 18, the gate insulating layer 22, the insulating layer 24, the pixel electrode 16, the wire grid polarizer 60, and the like are formed on the substrate 11.

  Here, the wire grid polarizer 60 is formed in a process of forming the TFT element 20 and the like by a semiconductor process. More specifically, a metal thin film made of a material for forming the wire grid polarizer 60 is formed on the substrate 11, and the metal thin film is patterned by using, for example, a photolithography method, thereby arranging a plurality of stripes arranged in a stripe shape. A wire grid polarizer 60 having the metal reflective film 61 is formed. Thereby, the wire grid polarizer 60 can be formed with the same accuracy as the TFT element 20 and the like, and without complicating the manufacturing process. As a method for forming the wire grid polarizer 60, a two-beam interference exposure method using a laser beam, an electron beam exposure method, or the like may be used.

  Subsequently, in step P12, an alignment film 28 is formed on the surface of the element substrate 10 on which these elements, electrodes, and the like are formed, and a rubbing process is performed on the surface of the alignment film 28 in the direction shown in FIG.

  Next, in process P21, a light shielding layer 32, a color filter layer 34, an overcoat layer 35, and the like are formed on the substrate 31. Subsequently, in step P22, an alignment film 36 is formed on the surface of the counter substrate 30, and a rubbing process is performed on the surface of the alignment film 36 in the direction shown in FIG.

  Next, in process P31, the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30 are bonded together. The bonding is performed by applying the sealing agent 41 to the element substrate 10 or the counter substrate 30 and performing alignment, and then bringing the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30 into contact with each other and pressing them. Subsequently, in step P32, liquid crystal is injected between the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30 from the opening (injection port) of the sealant 41, and the injection port is sealed. Thus, the liquid crystal cell 50 is prepared.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. 10, the method of attaching the polarizing plate in step P33 will be described in detail. Step P33 includes a first step of disposing the polarizing plate 44, a second step of attaching the polarizing plate 44 to the liquid crystal cell 50, a third step of disposing the polarizing plate 45, and the polarizing plate 45 in the liquid crystal cell. And a fourth step of attaching to 50.

  In the first step, as shown in FIG. 8, a polarizing plate 44 is disposed outside the element substrate 10 of the liquid crystal cell 50. The liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 44 are held in parallel with each other by the holding unit 52. The liquid crystal cell 50 is held on the counter substrate 30 side, and the polarizing plate 44 is held so as to face the element substrate 10. Further, the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 44 are rotatably held with the normal direction of the surface of the liquid crystal cell 50 (the surface of the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 30) and the surface of the polarizing plate 44 as a rotation axis.

  The holding part 52 has, for example, suction holes and the like, and is configured to be able to suck and fix the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 44. The holding part 52 is made of a material having translucency, for example. When the material of the holding portion 52 is non-translucent, the holding portion 52 may be provided with a through hole that transmits light.

  Subsequently, the light source 56 is disposed on the counter substrate 30 side of the liquid crystal cell 50. In addition, a light receiving portion 58 is disposed on the opposite side of the polarizing plate 44 from the liquid crystal cell 50. Then, light from the light source 56 is sequentially incident on the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 44. At this time, it arrange | positions so that the wire grid polarizer 60 provided in the element substrate 10 may be located on the optical path of the light which goes to the light-receiving part 58 from the light source 56. FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9, while maintaining the state where the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 44 face each other, at least one of the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 44 is rotated within the facing surface. Here, the liquid crystal cell 50 is fixed and the polarizing plate 44 is rotated. Then, the light 57 transmitted through the region where the wire grid polarizer 60 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is provided and the polarizing plate 44 is received by the light receiving unit 58 and the intensity of the light 57 is measured. In addition, in FIG. 9, illustration of the holding | maintenance part 52 is abbreviate | omitted.

  As the light source 56, for example, a lamp that emits light having a wavelength in the visible light region may be used, or a light emitting diode (LED) or a laser diode may be used. Further, as the light receiving unit 58, for example, a photomultimeter may be used to convert the intensity of the light 57 into an electrical signal and measure it. Alternatively, the luminance of the light 57 may be measured using a luminance meter or the like as the light receiving unit 58.

  In addition, it is desirable to arrange the light source 56 relative to the liquid crystal cell 50 so that the light emitted from the light source 56 enters from the normal direction of the liquid crystal cell 50. In addition, the positional relationship between the light source 56 and the light receiving unit 58 may be upside down in the drawing.

  Next, in the second step, the relative positional relationship in the plane of the polarizing plate 44 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 is adjusted so that the intensity of the light 57 is maximized based on the measurement result of the intensity of the light 57. . At this time, the intensity of the light 57 is maximized at a position where the transmission axis 44a of the polarizing plate 44 is parallel to the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60 (see FIG. 6B). The position where the intensity of the light 57 is maximum is a predetermined position where the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment film 28.

  When the intensity of the light 57 reaches the maximum, the relative position in the plane of the polarizing plate 44 with respect to the wire grid polarizer 60 (liquid crystal cell 50) is determined, and the polarizing plate 44 is used as the element substrate 10 of the liquid crystal cell 50. Paste to. At this time, the polarizing plate 44 may be moved to the liquid crystal cell 50 side by the holding unit 52, or the liquid crystal cell 50 may be moved to the polarizing plate 44 side by the holding unit 52.

  Next, in the third step, as shown in FIG. 10, the opposite side of the liquid crystal cell 50 to the side where the polarizing plate 44 is attached, that is, the outside of the counter substrate 30, is opposed to the counter substrate 30. A polarizing plate 45 is disposed. The liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 45 are held parallel to each other. Although not shown, the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 45 are held by the holding unit 52.

  A light source 56 is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal cell 50 where the polarizing plate 44 is attached, and a light receiving portion 58 is disposed on the opposite side of the polarizing plate 45 from the liquid crystal cell 50. The positional relationship between the light source 56 and the light receiving unit 58 may be upside down. Then, light from the light source 56 is sequentially incident on the polarizing plate 44, the liquid crystal cell 50, and the polarizing plate 45. At this time, it arrange | positions so that the wire grid polarizer 60 may not be located on the optical path of the light which goes to the light-receiving part 58 from the light source 56. FIG.

  Subsequently, while maintaining the state in which the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 45 face each other, at least one of the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 45 is rotated within the facing surface. And the light 57 which permeate | transmitted the area | region where the wire grid polarizer 60 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is not provided, and the polarizing plate 44 and the polarizing plate 45 is received by the light-receiving part 58, and the intensity | strength of the light 57 is measured.

  Next, in the fourth step, within the relative plane of the polarizing plate 45 with respect to the polarizing plate 44 and the liquid crystal cell 50 so that the intensity of the light 57 is minimized based on the measurement result of the intensity of the light 57. Adjust the positional relationship. At this time, since the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is arranged in parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment film 28 of the element substrate 10 (see FIG. 6B), the transmission axis 45 a of the polarizing plate 45 is At a predetermined position orthogonal to the transmission axis 44a and the rubbing direction of the alignment film 36 of the counter substrate 30 (see FIG. 6B), the intensity of the light 57 is minimized.

  When the intensity of the light 57 is minimized, the relative position in the plane of the polarizing plate 45 with respect to the polarizing plate 44 and the liquid crystal cell 50 is determined, and the polarizing plate 45 is attached to the counter substrate 30 of the liquid crystal cell 50. wear. Thus, the liquid crystal device 100 is completed. When the polarizing plates 44 and 45 protrude from the outer shape of the liquid crystal cell 50, the protruding portions may be cut.

  According to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) The relative positional relationship of the polarizing plate 44 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 is determined based on the measurement result of the intensity of the light 57 transmitted through the polarizing plate 44 and the region where the wire grid polarizer 60 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is provided. Therefore, the transmission axis 44a of the polarizing plate 44 can be optically adjusted to a predetermined position with reference to the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60. Thereby, the relative position shift of the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 44 can be reduced. Further, since the polarizing plate 44 optically aligns the liquid crystal cell 50 with the transmission axis 44a aligned at a predetermined position and the polarizing plate 45, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 45 are aligned. Misalignment with the transmission axis 45a can be reduced. As a result, a decrease in display quality such as a decrease in contrast of the liquid crystal device 100 and a background color can be suppressed, so that the display quality of the liquid crystal device 100 can be improved.

  (2) Since the alignment and attachment of the polarizing plate 44 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 and the alignment and attachment of the polarizing plate 45 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 are respectively performed in the same process, the number of steps is increased due to the alignment and attachment. Can be suppressed.

  (3) Since the polarizing plate 44 is disposed outside the element substrate 10 provided with the wire grid polarizer 60 when the polarizing plate 44 is aligned with the liquid crystal cell 50, the wire grid polarizer 60 and the polarizing plate 44 There is no liquid crystal layer 40 between them. Thereby, when the transmission axis 44a of the polarizing plate 44 is optically adjusted to a predetermined position on the basis of the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60, the optical influence by the liquid crystal layer 40 is eliminated. The alignment of the polarizing plate 44 with respect to 50 can be performed more accurately.

  (4) In the second step, the positional relationship is determined so that the intensity of the light 57 transmitted through the polarizing plate 44 and the region where the wire grid polarizer 60 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is provided is maximized. When measuring the intensity, a measuring instrument having high sensitivity on the side where the light intensity is high can be suitably used.

  In the liquid crystal device 100, the transmission axis 44a of the polarizing plate 44 is orthogonal to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36 (the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60), and the transmission axis 45a of the polarizing plate 45 is the alignment film. 28 and 36 may be parallel to the rubbing direction (the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60). In this case, in the second step of step P33, the intensity of the light 57 is at a predetermined position where the transmission axis 44a of the polarizing plate 44 is orthogonal to the rubbing direction of the alignment film 28 (the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60). Minimal.

  In addition, the liquid crystal device 100 may be in a normally white mode in which light incident from the illumination device is transmitted in an off state and a bright display is obtained. Even when the liquid crystal device 100 is in the normally white mode, the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device according to the present embodiment can be applied. When the liquid crystal device 100 is in the normally white mode, the transmission axis of the polarizing plate 44 and the transmission axis of the polarizing plate 45 are arranged in parallel to each other. Therefore, in the fourth step of the step P33, the relative positional relationship of the polarizing plate 45 with respect to the polarizing plate 44 and the liquid crystal cell 50 may be adjusted so that the intensity of the light 57 is maximized. In this case, the intensity of the light 57 is maximized at a predetermined position where the transmission axis 45 a of the polarizing plate 45 is parallel to the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 and the rubbing direction of the alignment film 36 of the counter substrate 30.

  In this embodiment, the polarizing plate 44 is first attached in the second step of the step P33, and then the polarizing plate 45 is attached in the fourth step. However, the polarizing plate 45 is attached in the second step. May be attached first, and then the polarizing plate 44 may be attached in the fourth step. However, in this case, when the positional relationship of the polarizing plate 45 with respect to the wire grid polarizer 60 (liquid crystal cell 50) is adjusted in the second step, the liquid crystal layer 40 is opposed between the wire grid polarizer 60 and the polarizing plate 45. The substrate 30 is interposed.

(Second Embodiment)
<Liquid crystal device>
Next, a liquid crystal device according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a wire grid polarizer according to the second embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 11A is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a wire grid polarizer, and FIG. 11B is a diagram showing optical design conditions.

  The liquid crystal device according to the second embodiment differs from the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment in the direction of the transmission axis and the reflection axis of the wire grid polarizer, but the other configurations are the same. Constituent elements common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 11A, the wire grid polarizer 62 provided in the liquid crystal device according to the second embodiment includes a plurality of metal reflection films 63 arranged in a stripe shape. The wire grid polarizer 62 has a transmission axis 62a and a reflection axis 62b as optical axes.

  As shown in FIG. 11 (b), the transmission axis 62a of the wire grid polarizer 62 is orthogonal to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36, and with respect to the extending direction of the signal line 14 (opening 16a). This is a direction that forms an angle of 95 degrees in the clockwise direction. The reflection axis 62b of the wire grid polarizer 62 is parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36, and forms an angle of 5 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to the extending direction of the signal line 14 (opening 16a). Direction.

  The transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is orthogonal to the transmission axis 62 a of the wire grid polarizer 62, and the transmission axis 45 a of the polarizing plate 45 is parallel to the transmission axis 62 a of the wire grid polarizer 62. Accordingly, the linearly polarized light that passes through the wire grid polarizer 62 does not pass through the polarizing plate 44 but passes through the polarizing plate 45.

<Method for manufacturing liquid crystal device>
Next, a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device according to the second embodiment will be described. The liquid crystal device manufacturing method according to the second embodiment is different from the liquid crystal device manufacturing method according to the first embodiment in the liquid crystal cell 50 so that the intensity of the light 57 is minimized in the second step. Although the point which aligns the polarizing plate 44 differs, the other manufacturing method is the same. The following will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the present embodiment, a wire grid polarizer 62 is provided on the element substrate 10 instead of the wire grid polarizer 60 in FIG. In the first step and the second step in this embodiment, the intensity of the light 57 transmitted through the polarizing plate 44 and the region where the wire grid polarizer 62 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is provided is measured. The relative positional relationship in the plane of the polarizing plate 44 with respect to the wire grid polarizer 62 (liquid crystal cell 50) is adjusted so as to be minimized.

  At this time, the intensity of the light 57 is minimized at a position where the transmission axis 44a of the polarizing plate 44 is orthogonal to the transmission axis 62a of the wire grid polarizer 62 (see FIG. 11B). The position where the intensity of the light 57 is minimum is a predetermined position where the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment film 28.

  When the intensity of the light 57 is minimized based on the measurement result of the intensity of the light 57, the positional relationship in the plane of the polarizing plate 44 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 (wire grid polarizer 62) is determined. The plate 44 is attached to the element substrate 10 of the liquid crystal cell 50.

  According to the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  In the second step, the positional relationship is determined so that the intensity of the light 57 transmitted through the polarizing plate 44 and the region where the wire grid polarizer 62 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is provided is minimized. When measuring, a measuring instrument having high sensitivity on the side where the light intensity is small can be suitably used. Also in the fourth step, the positional relationship is set so that the intensity of the light 57 transmitted through the region where the wire grid polarizer 62 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is not provided and the polarizing plate 44 and the polarizing plate 45 is minimized. Similarly, a measuring instrument having high sensitivity on the side where the light intensity is small can be suitably used. Therefore, in both the step of attaching the polarizing plate 44 to the liquid crystal cell 50 and the step of attaching the polarizing plate 45, the polarizing plate 44 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 is used by using a measuring instrument having high sensitivity on the side where the light intensity is low. , 45 can be more accurately aligned.

(Third embodiment)
<Liquid crystal device and manufacturing method thereof>
Next, a liquid crystal device according to a third embodiment and a manufacturing method thereof will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 12 is a plan view illustrating a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal device according to the third embodiment.

  The liquid crystal device according to the third embodiment is different from the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment in that the wire grid polarizer is disposed outside the region surrounded by the sealing agent 41. Other configurations are the same. Constituent elements common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the example of the liquid crystal device 110 illustrated in FIG. 12A, the wire grid polarizer 60 is disposed outside the region surrounded by the sealant 41, that is, at a position that does not overlap the liquid crystal layer 40 in a plane.

  According to such a configuration, even when the polarizing plate 45 is first attached to the liquid crystal cell 50 in the second step, the liquid crystal layer 40 is not interposed between the wire grid polarizer 60 and the polarizing plate 45. . For this reason, when the transmission axis 45a of the polarizing plate 45 is optically adjusted to a predetermined position with reference to the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60, the optical influence by the liquid crystal layer 40 is eliminated. Thereby, alignment of the polarizing plate 45 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 can be performed more accurately.

  In the example of the liquid crystal device 120 illustrated in FIG. 12B, the wire grid polarizer 60 is disposed on the protruding portion 10 a of the element substrate 10. That is, the wire grid polarizer 60 is disposed at a position that does not overlap the liquid crystal layer 40 and the counter substrate 30 in a planar manner.

  According to such a configuration, when the polarizing plate 45 is first attached to the liquid crystal cell 50 in the second step, the liquid crystal layer 40 and the counter substrate 30 are disposed between the wire grid polarizer 60 and the polarizing plate 45. There is no intervening. For this reason, when the transmission axis 45a of the polarizing plate 45 is optically adjusted to a predetermined position on the basis of the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60, the optical influence by the liquid crystal layer 40 and the counter substrate 30 is eliminated. . Thereby, alignment of the polarizing plate 45 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 can be performed more accurately.

(Fourth embodiment)
<Liquid crystal device and manufacturing method thereof>
Next, a liquid crystal device according to a fourth embodiment and a manufacturing method thereof will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 13 is a plan view illustrating a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal device according to the fourth embodiment.

  The liquid crystal device according to the fourth embodiment is different from the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment in that wire grid polarizers are provided at two or more locations, but the other configurations are the same. is there. Constituent elements common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the example of the liquid crystal device 130 illustrated in FIG. 13A, two wire grid polarizers 60 are provided at the first position and the second position in the protruding portion 10 a of the element substrate 10, respectively. The first position and the second position are positions separated from each other, for example.

  In the first process and the second process of the process P33 for manufacturing the liquid crystal device 130, the light source 56 and the light receiving unit corresponding to the first position and the second position where the wire grid polarizer 60 is provided, respectively. 58, the light 57 transmitted through the polarizing plate 44 and the region where the wire grid polarizer 60 is provided at the first position of the liquid crystal cell 50, and the wire grid polarizer 60 at the second position of the liquid crystal cell 50. And the light 57 transmitted through the polarizing plate 44 are received by the light receiving unit 58 and the intensity of each light 57 is measured.

  According to such a configuration, the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is optically set at a predetermined position in parallel at two different locations of the liquid crystal cell 50 with reference to the transmission axis 60 a of each wire grid polarizer 60. Can be adapted to Therefore, the alignment of the polarizing plate 44 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 can be performed more accurately.

  In the example of the liquid crystal device 140 shown in FIG. 13B, the wire grid polarizer 60 is provided at the first position, and the wire grid polarizer 62 is provided at the second position. The first position and the second position are different positions in the projecting portion 10a of the element substrate 10, and are, for example, positions close to each other. As described above, the transmission axis 60 a of the wire grid polarizer 60 is parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36, and the transmission axis 62 a of the wire grid polarizer 62 is orthogonal to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36. .

  In the first step and the second step of the process P33 for manufacturing the liquid crystal device 140, the first position where the wire grid polarizer 60 is provided and the second position where the wire grid polarizer 62 is provided. A light source 56 and a light receiving unit 58 are arranged corresponding to each, and light 57 transmitted through the region of the liquid crystal cell 50 where the wire grid polarizer 60 is provided and the polarizing plate 44 and a wire grid polarizer 62 are provided. The light 57 transmitted through the region and the polarizing plate 44 is received by the light receiving unit 58, and the intensity of each light 57 is measured.

  The intensity of the light 57 transmitted through the polarizing plate 44 and the region where the wire grid polarizer 60 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is provided is such that the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is parallel to the transmission axis 60 a of the wire grid polarizer 60. At the maximum. On the other hand, the intensity of light 57 transmitted through the polarizing plate 44 and the region where the wire grid polarizer 62 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is provided is such that the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is orthogonal to the transmission axis 62 a of the wire grid polarizer 62. Minimal in position.

  Here, if the difference between the measured values of the intensity of the light 57 is taken, the amount of change in the measured value at the time of alignment will be larger than when either one of the measured values is taken. Thus, if the positional relationship is determined so that the difference between the two measurement values is maximized, the alignment of the polarizing plate 44 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 can be performed more accurately.

  Further, according to the configuration of the liquid crystal device 140, according to the sensitivity characteristic of the measuring instrument used for measuring the light intensity (the sensitivity is high on the side where the light intensity is low, or the sensitivity is high on the side where the light intensity is high). It is also possible to align the polarizing plate 44 with reference to one of the wire grid polarizer 60 and the wire grid polarizer 62 as a reference.

  In any of the liquid crystal devices 130 and 140 of the present embodiment, the same effect can be obtained when the polarizing plate 45 is first attached to the liquid crystal cell 50 in the second step. Further, in the liquid crystal devices 130 and 140 of the present embodiment, the wire grid polarizer 60 or 62 may be provided at three or more locations. In the liquid crystal device 130, a wire grid polarizer 62 may be provided instead of the wire grid polarizer 60.

(Fifth embodiment)
<Liquid crystal device>
Next, a liquid crystal device according to a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal device according to the fifth embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 14A is a plan view showing a configuration of a pixel when viewed from the counter substrate side, and FIG. 14B is a diagram showing optical design conditions.

  The liquid crystal device according to the fifth embodiment is a transflective type having a reflective display region with respect to the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment, and a wire grid polarizer is provided in the reflective display region. Are different, but the other configurations are the same. Constituent elements common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 14A, the liquid crystal device 200 according to the fifth embodiment is a transflective liquid crystal device in which a pixel 4 includes a transmissive display region T and a reflective display region R. The liquid crystal device 200 has substantially the same configuration as the liquid crystal device 100 according to the first embodiment, and instead of the wire grid polarizer 60, a wire grid polarizer 64 as a second optical element is reflected and displayed. The difference in the area R is different. In FIG. 14A, the wire grid polarizer 64 is indicated by hatching for easy understanding of the configuration.

  The wire grid polarizer 64 has the same configuration as the wire grid polarizer 60. Although not shown, the wire grid polarizer 64 is formed between the substrate 11 and the common electrode 18, for example. The wire grid polarizer 64 and the common electrode 18 are insulated by an insulating layer or a protective layer provided in the wire grid polarizer 64.

  As shown in FIG. 14B, the transmission axis 64a of the wire grid polarizer 64 is arranged in parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36. Therefore, the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is parallel to the transmission axis 64 a of the wire grid polarizer 64, and the transmission axis 45 a of the polarizing plate 45 is orthogonal to the transmission axis 64 a of the wire grid polarizer 64.

<Method for manufacturing liquid crystal device>
Next, a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the fifth embodiment will be described. The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device according to the fifth embodiment is different from the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment in that a wire is used instead of the wire grid polarizer 60 in the first step and the second step. The difference is that the grid polarizer 64 is used as a reference for optical alignment of the polarizing plate, but the other manufacturing methods are the same. Constituent elements common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the first step and the second step in the present embodiment, although not shown, the region of the liquid crystal cell 50 where the wire grid polarizer 64 is provided, that is, the light 57 transmitted through the reflective display region R and the polarizing plate 44. The intensity is measured, and the relative positional relationship in the plane of the polarizing plate 44 with respect to the wire grid polarizer 64 (liquid crystal cell 50) is adjusted so that the intensity of the light 57 is maximized. At this time, the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is parallel to the transmission axis 64 a of the wire grid polarizer 64 (see FIG. 14B), that is, the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is in the rubbing direction of the alignment film 28. At a predetermined position that is parallel, the intensity of the light 57 is maximized.

  Further, in the third step and the fourth step, the intensity of the light 57 transmitted through the region where the wire grid polarizer 64 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is not provided, that is, the transmissive display region T, the polarizing plate 44 and the polarizing plate 45. , And alignment and pasting to the polarizing plate 45 with respect to the liquid crystal cell 50 may be performed.

  According to the fifth embodiment, in a transflective liquid crystal device including the wire grid polarizer 64 in the reflective display region R as in the liquid crystal device 200, the transmission axis 64a of the wire grid polarizer 64 is used as a reference. The transmission axis 44a of the polarizing plate 44 can be optically adjusted to a predetermined position. Thereby, the relative positional deviation between the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plate 44 can be reduced without providing a wire grid polarizer for alignment.

  Note that the liquid crystal device 200 of the fifth embodiment may further include the wire grid polarizers 60 and 62 for alignment in the above embodiment. In such a case, the wire grid polarizers 60 and 62 for alignment can be formed together in the step of forming the wire grid polarizer 64 disposed in the reflective display region R.

(Sixth embodiment)
<Liquid crystal device>
Next, a liquid crystal device according to a sixth embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an optical element according to the sixth embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 15A is a perspective view of the optical element, and FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 15A. FIG. 15C illustrates the optical design conditions.

  The liquid crystal device according to the sixth embodiment is different from the liquid crystal device of the above embodiment in that a dielectric interference film prism is provided instead of a wire grid polarizer, but the other configurations are the same. is there. Constituent elements common to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the liquid crystal device according to the sixth embodiment includes a prism array 71 and a dielectric interference film 74 formed on the prism array 71 as the first optical element. The optical element which has these. Here, this optical element is referred to as a dielectric interference film prism 70.

  The prism array 71 is formed on the substrate 11 and includes a plurality of ridges 72 having a triangular prism shape (prism shape) having two inclined surfaces. In other words, the convex stripes 72 are formed continuously and periodically, whereby the prism array 71 having a triangular wave section is formed. The prism array 71 is made of, for example, a thermosetting or photocurable transparent resin such as an acrylic resin. The height of the ridges 72 of the prism array 71 is, for example, about 0.5 μm to 3 μm, and the pitch between the adjacent ridges 72 is, for example, about 1 μm to 6 μm.

Since the dielectric interference film 74 is formed on the prism array 71, the dielectric interference film 74 has a surface reflecting a triangular prism-shaped (prism-shaped) slope formed by the plurality of ridges 72. The dielectric interference film 74 is a so-called three-dimensional photonic crystal layer in which a plurality of dielectric films made of two kinds of materials having different refractive indexes are alternately stacked. The dielectric interference film 74 is formed, for example, by laminating seven layers of titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ) films and silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) films alternately. The material of the dielectric film may be tantalum oxide (Ta ₂ O ₅ ) or silicon (Si). The film thickness of one dielectric film constituting the dielectric interference film 74 is, for example, about 10 nm to 100 nm, and the total film thickness of the dielectric interference film 74 is, for example, about 300 nm to 1 μm.

  The dielectric interference film prism 70 has a function of separating incident light into reflected light and transmitted light having different polarization states. As shown in FIG. 15A, the dielectric interference film prism 70 reflects a polarization component parallel to the extending direction of the ridges 72 in the incident light, and is orthogonal to the extending direction of the ridges 72. Transmits polarized light components. That is, the dielectric interference film prism 70 has a transmission axis 70a and a reflection axis 70b as optical axes. The transmission axis 70 a is orthogonal to the extending direction of the ridge 72, and the reflection axis 70 b is parallel to the extending direction of the ridge 72.

  As shown in FIG. 15C, the transmission axis 70 a of the dielectric interference film prism 70 is arranged in parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36. Therefore, the transmission axis 70a of the dielectric interference film prism 70 is a direction that forms an angle of 5 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to the extending direction of the signal line 14 (opening 16a). The reflection axis 70b of the dielectric interference film prism 70 is a direction orthogonal to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36, and is 95 degrees in the clockwise direction with respect to the extending direction of the signal line 14 (opening 16a). It is a direction that makes an angle. Therefore, the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 is parallel to the transmission axis 70 a of the dielectric interference film prism 70, and the transmission axis 45 a of the polarizing film 45 is orthogonal to the transmission axis 70 a of the dielectric interference film prism 70.

  The stacking pitch of the dielectric films constituting the dielectric interference film 74 and the pitch of the ridges 72 are appropriately adjusted according to the characteristics required for the dielectric interference film prism 70. In the dielectric interference film 74, the transmittance (reflectance) can be controlled by the number of laminated dielectric films constituting the dielectric interference film 74. That is, by reducing the number of laminated dielectric films, it is possible to increase the transmittance of linearly polarized light parallel to the reflection axis 70b (the extending direction of the ridges 72) and to reduce the reflectance. When a predetermined number or more of dielectric films are stacked, most of the linearly polarized light parallel to the reflection axis 70b is reflected.

  In the dielectric interference film prism 70 according to the present embodiment, by adjusting the dielectric interference film 74, for example, about 70% of linearly polarized light parallel to the reflection axis 70b is reflected among the incident light, and the remaining 30% is transmitted. It is set to be. The surface of the dielectric interference film 74 may be covered with a resin layer and flattened.

  The liquid crystal device according to the embodiment includes the dielectric interference film prism 70 as the first optical element instead of the wire grid polarizers 60 and 62, or the dielectric as the second optical element instead of the wire grid polarizer 64. Even when the body interference film prism is provided in the reflective display region R, the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device of the above embodiment can be applied, and the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained.

  When a dielectric interference film prism is provided instead of the wire grid polarizer 62, the transmission axis of the dielectric interference film prism is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the rubbing direction of the alignment films 28 and 36. Therefore, the transmission axis of the dielectric interference film prism is orthogonal to the transmission axis 44 a of the polarizing plate 44 and parallel to the transmission axis 45 a of the polarizing plate 45.

<Electronic equipment>
The liquid crystal device of the above embodiment can be mounted and used in an electronic device such as a mobile phone, for example. The electronic device may be a mobile computer, a digital camera, a digital video camera, an audio device, a liquid crystal projector, or the like. By providing the display unit with the liquid crystal device of the above embodiment, an electronic apparatus having excellent display quality can be provided.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, various deformation | transformation can be added with respect to the said embodiment in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention. As modifications, for example, the following can be considered.

(Modification 1)
The liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment has a configuration in which the wire grid polarizer 60 is provided on the element substrate 10, but is not limited to this configuration. The wire grid polarizer 60 may be provided on the counter substrate 30. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device according to the first modification.

  As shown in FIG. 16, in the liquid crystal device according to the first modification, the wire grid polarizer 60 is provided on the counter substrate 30. Compared with the element substrate 10, the counter substrate 30 has a larger space in which the wire grid polarizer 60 can be arranged around the display region 2 (see FIG. 1). Therefore, by providing the wire grid polarizer 60 on the counter substrate 30, restrictions on the place where the wire grid polarizer 60 is disposed are eased.

  In the liquid crystal device according to Modification 1, it is preferable that the polarizing plate 45 is first attached to the liquid crystal cell 50 in the process P33. In the first step of the step P33, the polarizing plate 45 is disposed outside the counter substrate 30 of the liquid crystal cell 50. And the intensity | strength of the light 57 which permeate | transmitted the area | region in which the wire grid polarizer 60 of the liquid crystal cell 50 was provided, and the polarizing plate 45 is measured, for example, the wire grid polarizer 60 (liquid crystal) so that the intensity | strength of the light 57 may become the minimum. The relative position in the plane of the polarizing plate 45 with respect to the cell 50) is determined, and the polarizing plate 45 is attached to the counter substrate 30 of the liquid crystal cell 50.

  According to such a method, since the polarizing plate 45 is disposed outside the counter substrate 30 provided with the wire grid polarizer 60, the liquid crystal layer 40 and the element are interposed between the wire grid polarizer 60 and the polarizing plate 45. There is no interposition with the substrate 10. Thereby, when the transmission axis 45a of the polarizing plate 45 is optically adjusted to a predetermined position with reference to the transmission axis 60a of the wire grid polarizer 60, the optical influence by the liquid crystal layer 40 and the element substrate 10 is eliminated. The Instead of the wire grid polarizer 60, a configuration in which a wire grid polarizer 62 or a dielectric interference film prism 70 is provided may be employed.

(Modification 2)
The liquid crystal device of the above embodiment is configured to include a wire grid polarizer or a dielectric interference film prism as the first optical element or the second optical element, but is not limited to this form. The first optical element or the second optical element may be another optical element as long as it has a polarization separation function.

(Modification 3)
In the above-described embodiment, the polarizing body made of a polarizing plate is attached to the liquid crystal cell. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Even if the polarizer has a configuration including an optical compensator in addition to the polarizing plate, the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device of the above embodiment can be applied. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a liquid crystal device and a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device according to the third modification. Specifically, FIG. 17A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal device according to Modification Example 3, and FIG. 17B is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device.

  As shown in FIG. 17A, the liquid crystal device 150 according to Modification 3 includes a liquid crystal cell 50, and a polarizer 46 and a polarizer 48 that are disposed on both outer sides of the liquid crystal cell 50. The polarizing body 46 includes a polarizing plate 44 and an optical compensation plate 47 laminated on the polarizing plate 44, and the optical compensation plate 47 is disposed so as to face the element substrate 10 side. The polarizing body 48 includes a polarizing plate 45 and an optical compensation plate 49 stacked on the polarizing plate 45, and the optical compensation plate 49 is disposed so as to face the counter substrate 30 side. The optical compensators 47 and 49 are, for example, for performing optical compensation of the liquid crystal cell 50 and the polarizing plates 44 and 45 so as to increase the viewing angle in the display of the liquid crystal device and compensate for the coloring of the background color. is there.

  Here, in the process P33, for example, the polarizer 46 is attached to the liquid crystal cell 50 first, and then the polarizer 48 is attached. As shown in FIG. 17B, in the first step and the second step, the polarizer 46 is disposed outside the element substrate 10 of the liquid crystal cell 50 and the optical compensation plate 47 is opposed to the element substrate 10 side. Deploy. Then, the relative relationship of the polarizer 46 with respect to the wire grid polarizer 60 (liquid crystal cell 50) so that the intensity of the light 57 transmitted through the region where the wire grid polarizer 60 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is provided and the polarizer 46 is maximized. The positional relationship in a specific plane is determined, and the polarizer 46 is attached to the element substrate 10 of the liquid crystal cell 50.

  Next, although not shown, in the third step and the fourth step, the polarizer 48 is disposed outside the counter substrate 30 of the liquid crystal cell 50 so that the optical compensation plate 49 faces the counter substrate 30 side. Then, in the relative plane of the polarizer 48 to the liquid crystal cell 50, the intensity of the light 57 transmitted through the region where the wire grid polarizer 60 of the liquid crystal cell 50 is not provided and the polarizer 48 is maximized. After determining the positional relationship, the polarizer 48 is attached to the counter substrate 30 of the liquid crystal cell 50.

  The polarizers 46 and 48 may have a configuration in which two or more optical compensation plates are laminated on the polarizing plates 44 and 45. Further, either one of the polarizers 46 and 48 may be configured not to include an optical compensation plate.

(Modification 4)
In the above embodiment, the liquid crystal device is an FFS type liquid crystal device, but is not limited to this mode. The liquid crystal device may be an IPS (In-Plane Switching) type liquid crystal device that controls the alignment of liquid crystal molecules by a lateral electric field in a direction parallel to the element substrate, as in the FFS mode. In addition, the liquid crystal device controls the alignment of liquid crystal molecules by a vertical electric field generated between the element substrate and the counter substrate, such as TN (Twisted Nematic) method, VA (Vertical Alignment) method, ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence) method, etc. It may be a liquid crystal device. Even in these liquid crystal devices, the configuration of the liquid crystal device and the method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device of the above embodiment can be applied.

1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal device according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating an electrical configuration of the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a pixel of the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment. Sectional drawing along the B-B 'line in Fig.3 (a). The figure explaining the wire grid polarizer which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 4A and 4B illustrate an optical design condition of a liquid crystal device. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device according to the first embodiment. The figure explaining the sticking method of the polarizing plate which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The figure explaining the sticking method of the polarizing plate which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The figure explaining the sticking method of the polarizing plate which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The figure explaining the wire grid polarizer which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal device according to a third embodiment. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal device according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal device according to a fifth embodiment. The figure which shows schematic structure of the optical element which concerns on 6th Embodiment. 8A and 8B illustrate a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to Modification Example 1. FIG. 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating a liquid crystal device according to Modification 3 and a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Display area, 4 ... Pixel, 10 ... Element substrate, 10a ... Overhang part, 11 ... Substrate, 12 ... Scan line, 13 ... Signal line drive circuit, 14 ... Signal line, 15 ... Scan line drive circuit, 16 ... Pixel Electrode, 16a ... opening, 17 ... common wiring, 18 ... common electrode, 19 ... holding capacitor, 20 ... TFT element, 20a ... semiconductor layer, 20d ... drain electrode, 20g ... gate electrode, 20s ... source electrode, 22 ... gate Insulating layer, 24 ... Insulating layer, 24a ... Contact hole, 28, 36 ... Alignment film, 30 ... Counter substrate, 31 ... Substrate, 32 ... Light shielding layer, 34 ... Color filter layer, 35 ... Overcoat layer, 40 ... Liquid crystal layer , 41 ... Sealing agent, 42 ... Driver IC, 44, 45 ... Polarizing plate, 44a, 45a ... Transmission axis, 46, 48 ... Polarizer, 47, 49 ... Optical compensator, 50 ... Liquid crystal cell, 52 ... Holding part, 56 ... Light 57 ... light, 58 ... light receiving portion, 60, 62, 64 ... wire grid polarizer, 60a, 62a, 64a ... transmission axis, 60b, 62b ... reflection axis, 61,63 ... metal reflection film, 70 ... dielectric interference Film prism, 70a ... transmission axis, 70b ... reflection axis, 71 ... prism array, 72 ... ridge, 74 ... dielectric interference film, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 200 ... liquid crystal device.

Claims (25)

Provided in at least one location of the first substrate and the second substrate disposed opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the first substrate Preparing a liquid crystal cell comprising: a first optical element having a polarized light separating function;
Of the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer, the first polarizer is placed opposite to the outside of one of the first substrate and the second substrate of the liquid crystal cell. A first step of measuring the intensity of light transmitted through the first polarizer and the region of the liquid crystal cell provided with the first optical element by rotating at least one of the first and second liquid crystal cells in an opposing plane; ,
Based on the measurement result of the intensity of the light, a relative positional relationship of the first polarizer with respect to the first optical element is determined in the plane, and the first polarizer is the one of the liquid crystal cells. A second step of attaching to the substrate of
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device, comprising: A manufacturing method of a liquid crystal device according to claim 1,
In the first step, the first polarizer is disposed outside the first substrate of the liquid crystal cell so as to face the first substrate. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein:
The optical axis of the first optical element is arranged in parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer in the first substrate,
In the second step, the relative positional relationship of the first polarizer with respect to the first optical element is determined so that the intensity of the light is maximized. . A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein:
The optical axis of the first optical element is disposed orthogonal to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer in the first substrate,
In the second step, the relative positional relationship of the first polarizer with respect to the first optical element is determined so that the intensity of the light is minimized. . A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, wherein the first optical element includes metal reflective films arranged in a stripe shape. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, wherein the first optical element includes a prism array and a dielectric interference film formed on the prism array. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, wherein the first optical element is provided at two or more locations. It is a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device according to claim 7,
The first optical elements provided at the two or more locations are:
An optical element provided at a first location and having an optical axis disposed in parallel with an alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer on the first substrate;
An optical element that is provided at a second location different from the first location, and in which an optical axis is arranged orthogonal to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer on the first substrate;
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device, comprising: A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, wherein the first optical element is disposed at a position that does not overlap the liquid crystal layer in a planar manner. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to claim 9,
The first substrate has an overhanging portion that does not overlap the second substrate in a plane.
The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, wherein the first optical element is disposed in the projecting portion. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The liquid crystal cell includes a reflective display area arranged in a display area contributing to display,
The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device, wherein the first optical element is disposed in the reflective display region. It is a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The liquid crystal cell further includes a reflective display region arranged in a display region contributing to display, and a second optical element having a polarization separation function provided in the reflective display region of the first substrate. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
After the second step,
Of the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer, the second polarizer is disposed opposite to the other of the first substrate and the second substrate of the liquid crystal cell. The intensity of light transmitted through the region where the first optical element of the liquid crystal cell is not provided, the first polarizer, and the second polarizer by rotating at least one of the first and second polarizers. A third step of measuring
Based on the measurement result of the light intensity, the relative position of the second polarizer with respect to the first polarizer and the liquid crystal cell is determined in a plane, and the second polarizer is A fourth step of attaching to the other substrate of the liquid crystal cell;
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device, further comprising: It is a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 1 to 13,
At least one of the first polarizer and the second polarizer includes a polarizing plate and an optical compensator laminated on the polarizing plate. . A first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite to each other;
A liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate;
A pair of polarizers disposed on both outer sides of the first substrate and the second substrate;
A first optical element having a polarization separation function provided in at least one location of the first substrate;
A display area that contributes to display,
The liquid crystal device, wherein the first optical element is disposed outside the display area. The liquid crystal device according to claim 15,
The optical axis of the first optical element is arranged in parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer in the first substrate,
The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein an optical axis of at least one of the pair of polarizers is arranged in parallel to the optical axis of the first optical element. The liquid crystal device according to claim 15,
The optical axis of the first optical element is disposed orthogonal to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer in the first substrate,
The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein an optical axis of at least one of the pair of polarizers is arranged orthogonal to an optical axis of the first optical element. The liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 15 to 17,
The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein the first optical element is provided at two or more locations. The liquid crystal device according to claim 18, wherein
The first optical elements provided at the two or more locations are:
An optical element provided at a first location and having an optical axis disposed parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer in the first substrate;
An optical element provided at a second location different from the first location, and having an optical axis disposed orthogonal to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer on the first substrate;
A liquid crystal device comprising: The liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 15 to 19,
The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein the first optical element is disposed at a position not overlapping the liquid crystal layer in a planar manner. The liquid crystal device according to claim 20,
The first substrate has an overhanging portion that does not overlap the second substrate in a plane.
The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein the first optical element is disposed in the projecting portion. The liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 15 to 21,
The liquid crystal device, wherein the first optical element includes a metal reflection film arranged in a stripe shape. The liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 15 to 21,
The liquid crystal device, wherein the first optical element includes a prism array and a dielectric interference film formed on the prism array. 24. A liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 15 to 23, wherein
A reflective display area arranged in the display area;
A liquid crystal device, further comprising: a second optical element having a polarization separation function provided in the reflective display region of the first substrate. The liquid crystal device according to any one of claims 15 to 24, wherein:
At least one of the pair of polarizers includes a polarizing plate and an optical compensator laminated on the polarizing plate.

Images