JP2010090822A - Vertical shaft valve type hydraulic turbine generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the generation of an air suction swirl in a vertical shaft valve type hydraulic turbine generator. <P>SOLUTION: The vertical shaft valve type hydrulic turbine generator has a hydraulic turbine disposed such that a rotary shaft faces a vertical direction, and a generator 2 connected to the hydraulic turbine and driven with the hydraulic turbine. The generator has a horizontal passage 80 formed with a free water surface 20 and formed such that water flows substantially horizontal toward the upper part of the hydraulic turbine, and a vertical passage 70 extending downward from the opening 71 formed on the bottom of the horizontal passage 80 toward the generator 2 and formed such that water passed through the horizontal passage 80 flows downward toward the hydro turbine. A swash plate 10 is provided, disposed in a vicinity of the free water surface 20 above an opening 71, and fixed such that an end 82 side drops and such that the end 82 side is below the free water surface 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility that takes water flowing in a horizontal flow channel into a vertical flow channel and supplies the water to a water turbine.

  A Kaplan turbine is a type of turbine that uses propeller-shaped blades to rotate the turbine, and the guide vanes that are installed together are movable so that it can be operated with high efficiency against changes in the flow rate of fluid passing through the turbine. Vertical shaft type hydroelectric power generation equipment, which is a kind of power generation equipment using the Kaplan turbine, is often applied for a relatively low head.

For this reason, the vertical distance from the upper surface of the horizontal flow path above the water turbine to the inlet of the vertical flow path is shorter than that of a Francis turbine or the like. Similarly, the amount of water flowing in the water wheel is relatively large.
JP 2005-163563 A JP 2007-120461 A

  For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, when operating an upright valve type hydroelectric power generation facility, a rope-shaped vortex flow having a strong swirl velocity component called an air suction vortex from the water surface of the horizontal channel toward the water turbine May occur locally.

  This vortex (air suction vortex) is generated when water is suddenly sucked into the water turbine channel by the operation of the water turbine, but continuously generated from the water surface to the water turbine. For this reason, a large hydraulic energy loss due to this vortex occurs in the water turbine, and the vortex collides with the water turbine to generate vibration and noise, which may hinder the operation of main equipment such as the water turbine. become.

  In general, this air suction vortex is closely related to the shape of the flow path through which water flows, and the non-uniformity of the horizontal flow speed in the horizontal flow path develops a swirl flow and grows as a vortex flow. is there. In addition, this air suction vortex is deeply related to the uniformity of the flow pattern in the flow path, and it is known that the vortex does not occur when the flow pattern in the flow path is uniform and not disturbed. .

  However, it is often difficult to make the flow pattern in the horizontal flow path uniform due to limitations in civil engineering work and problems in construction, etc., which makes it easy to generate air suction vortices. Yes.

  When the vertical flow path is formed in the vertical direction below the horizontal flow path with an opening (water supply port) at the bottom end of the horizontal flow path, as in the case of a vertical valve type hydroelectric power station, the direction of water flow Is changed from the horizontal direction to the vertically downward direction, a downward flow is generated at the end of the horizontal flow path. Therefore, the vortex generated on the water surface may be easily extended downward. At this time, as the water level in the horizontal flow path becomes lower and the amount of water in the water turbine increases, the vortex strength increases and an air suction vortex is generated, and air is sucked continuously or intermittently toward the water supply port of the vertical flow path. .

  Occurrence of this air suction vortex may cause fluctuations in the operation state of the water turbine due to air flowing into the water turbine, which may hinder the operation of equipment such as the main turbine. In addition, a large energy loss occurs in the water turbine.

  As a method for avoiding such air suction vortex, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a rectifying rod having one end fixedly supported on the upper surface of a valve of a generator and the other end protruding into a water channel is used. It is known that the water flow becomes a flow having a gentle swirl around the rectifying rod, and the local vortex flow hardly occurs.

  However, with this method, when a vortex is generated and the rod is steadily gathered around the rod, the vortex will cause the round bar to vibrate due to the excitation force, which may be undesirable for the soundness of the structure. It is done.

  Moreover, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, the generation of vortices is suppressed by arranging a horizontal rectifying plate so as to be substantially horizontal near the water surface of the water inlet for taking water from the horizontal flow path. Etc. are known.

  In general-purpose pumps, as a means for avoiding the above-mentioned air suction vortex, optimization of the shape of the suction pipe and a suction device for suppressing swirl flow have been considered. Has not been put to practical use.

  As described above, in the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility, a vortex flow due to air suction is generated toward the water turbine on the water surface forming the water channel of the water turbine. When this air suction vortex reaches the water turbine, hydraulic energy loss increases and the turbine performance decreases. Even if it is possible to drive, a decrease in turbine performance is inevitable.

  Since this water turbine is applied to the low head region, even a relatively small loss becomes a large one that cannot be ignored from the viewpoint of the water turbine loss expressed as a ratio to the effective head. Further, when the eddy current collides with and comes into contact with the water turbine, a phenomenon that disturbs the operation of the water turbine such as noise and vibration occurs.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to suppress the generation of air suction vortices in a vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility.

  In order to achieve the above object, an upright valve type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention includes a water turbine arranged such that a rotating shaft faces a vertical direction, a generator connected to the water turbine and driven by the water turbine, A free water surface is formed, and a horizontal flow path is formed so that water flows substantially horizontally from the water supply port to the upper part of the water wheel near the end portion, and is formed near the end portion at the bottom of the horizontal flow path. A vertical flow path that extends downward from the opening toward the generator and is formed such that water flowing through the horizontal flow path flows downward toward the water wheel, and the upper portion above the opening. A swash plate disposed near the free water surface, maintaining a predetermined inclination with respect to the free water surface so that the end portion side is lowered, and disposed so that the end portion side is below the free water surface. Features.

  Further, the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation equipment according to the present invention includes a water turbine arranged so that a rotating shaft faces a vertical direction, a generator connected to the water turbine and driven by the water turbine, and a free water surface. A horizontal channel formed so that water flows almost horizontally with a substantially constant width from the water supply port to the upper part of the water wheel near the terminal part, and formed near the terminal part at the bottom of the horizontal channel. A vertical flow path that extends downward from the opening toward the generator and is formed such that water flowing through the horizontal flow path flows downward toward the water turbine, and each is above the opening. Attached to each of the wall surfaces on both sides of the horizontal flow path, and arranged so as to maintain a predetermined inclination with respect to the free water surface so that the terminal end side is below the free water surface and the terminal end side is lowered. The opening Upward and having a swash plate which is configured to be opened.

  Further, the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation equipment according to the present invention includes a water turbine arranged so that a rotating shaft faces a vertical direction, a generator connected to the water turbine and driven by the water turbine, and a free water surface. The water is formed so that the water flows substantially horizontally from the water supply port to the upper part of the water wheel near the terminal end, and has a substantially constant width from the water supply port to the water supply port side end of the opening. The water that has flowed through the horizontal flow path and extends downward from the circular flow path formed near the terminal end of the horizontal flow path and the end of the horizontal flow path toward the generator. A vertical flow path formed to flow downward toward the surface, and on each of the wall surfaces on both sides of the horizontal flow path above the opening, the free end surface is provided so that the end side is lowered. Having a predetermined inclination with respect to the opening The inclined surface above parts is configured to be opened is formed, characterized by.

  Further, the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation equipment according to the present invention includes a water turbine arranged so that a rotating shaft faces a vertical direction, a generator connected to the water turbine and driven by the water turbine, and a free water surface. A horizontal flow path formed so that water flows substantially horizontally from the water supply port to the upper portion of the water wheel near the terminal end, and an opening formed near the terminal end of the bottom of the horizontal flow path. A vertical flow channel that extends downward toward the generator and is formed such that water flowing through the horizontal flow channel flows downward toward the water turbine, and extends upward from the bottom of the horizontal flow channel, A partition wall of a porous member arranged so as to cover each of the wall surfaces on both sides of the horizontal flow path and the corners made of the terminal portion from the horizontal direction on the terminal portion side of the opening. Features.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to suppress generation | occurrence | production of the air suction vortex in a vertical shaft type | mold water turbine power generation equipment.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
First, the configuration and operation of the first embodiment according to the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an upright valve type water turbine power generation facility of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional side view of FIG.

  The vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present embodiment includes a horizontal flow path 80 in which a free water surface 20 is formed and water flows substantially horizontally from a water supply port 81 toward a terminal end 82, and a terminal portion at the bottom of the horizontal flow path 80. A vertical flow path 70 that extends downward from a circular opening 71 formed near 82 and is formed so that water flowing through the horizontal flow path 80 flows downward. The direction of water flow near the water supply port 81 of the horizontal channel 80 and the direction of water flow below the opening 71 of the vertical channel 70 are indicated by arrows 50.

  A water turbine generator 21 having a main shaft 3 extending vertically is disposed below the vertical flow path 70.

  The turbine generator 21 has an egg-shaped valve 1, and a generator 2 including a generator stator and a rotor as main components is disposed in the valve 1. The main shaft 3 is arranged in the vertical direction, a rotor is coupled to the upper end portion of the main shaft 3, and a runner 4 is attached to the lower end portion.

  Above the runner 4, a plurality of guide vanes 5 for adjusting the flow rate are circumferentially arranged, and the plurality of guide vanes 5 are formed so as to be linked by a link mechanism or the like located on the outer peripheral portion thereof. ing.

  On the upper side (upstream side) of the guide vane 5, support members called stays 6 for supporting the valve 1 are arranged radially from the valve 1 toward the outside of the longitudinal flow path 70. In addition, inspection ports for inspecting the inside of the generator 2 are arranged above and below the valve 1, respectively.

  Further, the swash plate 10 is disposed in the vicinity of the free water surface 20 above the opening 71. The swash plate 10 is a substantially rectangular flat plate having substantially the same width as the length of the horizontal flow path 80 in the short direction, that is, the width of the horizontal flow path 80. A predetermined inclination is maintained with respect to the free water surface 20 so that the terminal end side edge 10a on the terminal end 82 side of the swash plate 10 is lowered, and the terminal end side edge 10a is below the free water surface 20, that is, It is fixed to be submerged. The end portion side edge 10 a is preferably arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the free water surface 20.

  The height of the water supply side edge 10b of the swash plate 10 from the free water surface 20 is that air suction vortices are most likely to occur when the water level is at the lowest level. It is preferable that the water flowing through 80 is set to have a height higher than the water supply side edge 10b.

  According to the present embodiment, when the water turbine generator 21 is operated, the water flowing horizontally from the water supply port 81 side of the horizontal flow path 80 toward the end portion 82 is deflected downward by the swash plate 10 and smoothly opened. Into the unit 71. At this time, since the small separation vortex generated on the water supply port 81 side (upstream side) of the horizontal flow path 80 is broken, the water surface on the end portion 82 side (downstream side) with respect to the swash plate 10 is stable and near the end portion 82. The generation of vortices can be suppressed.

  Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the air suction vortex generated toward the water turbine generator 21 from the water surface can be suppressed. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently operate the turbine generator 21 while suppressing energy loss.

[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and the same or similar parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing the vertical axis valve type turbine power generation facility of the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional side view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the result of examining the relationship between the angle α and the number of vortex generations by conducting a model experiment to determine the angle α formed by the swash plate 10 and the free water surface 20. FIG. 6 shows a relationship between the ratio of the submergence depth h and the opening diameter D0 (h / D0) and the number of vortex generations in order to determine the submergence depth h of the end portion side edge 10a. It is the graph which showed the result examined. FIG. 7 shows a ratio of the horizontal width direction intersection line 10c and the horizontal distance ΔX at the center of the opening 71 to the diameter D0 of the opening 71 by performing a model experiment to determine the relative position between the opening 71 and the swash plate 10. It is the graph which showed the result of having examined the frequency | count of vortex generation with respect to.

  In the present embodiment, the angle α formed by the surface of the swash plate 10 that receives the water flow and the free water surface 20 shown in FIG. 4 is configured to satisfy Expression (1).

30 ° ≦ α ≦ 60 ° (1)
Further, when the diameter of the opening 71 is D0, the swash plate 10 is fixed so that the submergence depth h from the terminal side edge 10a of the swash plate 10 to the free water surface 20 satisfies the formula (2). Has been.

h / D0 ≧ 0.15 (2)
Further, when the horizontal distance between the horizontal width direction intersection line 10c formed by the swash plate 10 and the free water surface 20 and the center of the opening 71 is ΔX, the ratio of ΔX to the opening diameter D0 ( ΔX / D0) is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.3 when the horizontal width direction intersection line 10c is closer to the water supply port 81 (upstream side) than the center of the opening 71. Further, when the horizontal width direction intersection line 10c is closer to the end portion 82 side (downstream side) than the center of the opening 71, it is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2.

  At this time, when ΔX when the horizontal width direction intersecting line 10c is closer to the water supply port 81 (upstream side) than the center of the opening 71 is positive and the opposite case is negative, the expression (3) is satisfied. .

−0.2 ≦ ΔX / D0 ≦ 0.3 (3)
Note that ΔX in FIG. 4 takes a positive value.

  By determining the angle α, the submergence depth h, and the horizontal distance ΔX as described above, vortices generated on the free water surface 20 can be suppressed.

  Hereinafter, a model test performed to determine these parameters (α, h, ΔX) will be described.

  In the model experiment, a straight water channel having a standard shape is used, the diameter of the opening of the longitudinal channel 70 is D0, the width of the horizontal channel is B, and the center of the opening 71 from the end 82 of the horizontal channel 80. When the horizontal distance up to X is X, the dimensional ratio satisfying equations (4) and (5) is obtained.

B / D0 = 1.59 (4)
X / D0 = 0.74 (5)
Since the standard as the suction tank of the water wheel is not defined, the standard pump suction tank of “JSME S 004-1984” was referred to.

  The vertical distance (water depth) Z from the bottom surface of the horizontal flow path 80 to the free water surface 20 was set to a dimensional ratio satisfying the equation (6) assuming the lowest water level to the highest water level of the actual water turbine power generation facility.

Z / D0 = 0.83 to 1.0 (6)
The experimental flow rate was set in a range that covers the intermediate flow rate from the actual fluid number matching condition, in accordance with the “pump suction water tank model test method (TSJ S 002: 2005)”.

  First, a model test performed to determine the angle α will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the angle of the swash plate 10 is α, and the number of vortex generations when the angle α is changed in the range of 0 ° (horizontal) to 90 ° (vertical) was measured. The experimental conditions were an intermediate flow rate based on the normal flow rate of the horizontal flow path 80, and the water level was the lowest water level that could be taken as power generation equipment.

  At this time, the submergence depth h of the swash plate 10 was set to satisfy h / D0≈0.19 when α ≧ 30 °. Further, the horizontal distance ΔX between the horizontal width direction intersection line 10 c formed by the intersection of the free water surface 20 and the swash plate 10 and the center of the opening 71 is ΔX = 0, that is, horizontally above the center of the opening 71. The width direction intersection line 10c was set.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when α = 0 °, the swash plate 10 is horizontal, so that the swash plate 10 has no effect of deflecting the water flow, and an air suction vortex is always generated at the rear portion of the opening 71 (on the end portion 82 side). . As the angle α is increased, the frequency of vortex generation gradually decreases. Around α = 30 °, the generation of vortices is almost eliminated. The range in which no vortex is generated is up to about α = 60 °, and when the angle α is made larger than this, vortex is generated on the water supply port 81 side (upstream side) of the swash plate 10 and further the end portion 82 side. A small vortex is also generated (downstream).

  From this result, it is desirable to set the angle α formed by the surface of the swash plate 10 that receives the water flow and the free water surface 20 of the horizontal flow path 80 within the range represented by the above equation (1).

  Next, a model test performed to determine the submergence depth h will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the submergence depth of the terminal portion side edge 10a of the swash plate 10 is h, and the ratio (h / D0) between the submergence depth h and the opening diameter D0 is 0.05-0. The number of vortex generations when changing in the range of 3 was measured.

  The experimental conditions were the same as when the angle α was studied, and the flow rate was an intermediate flow rate and the water level was the lowest water level. In addition, the angle α of the swash plate 10 is set to the median value of the range in which the vortex suppression effect studied above is satisfied, that is, α = 45 °. Further, the horizontal distance ΔX between the center of the opening 71 and the horizontal width direction intersection line 10c is set so that ΔX = 0, that is, the horizontal width direction intersection line 10c is directly above the center of the opening 71.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the generation of vortices decreases from h / D0 = 0.1, and no generation of vortices is observed at h / D0 = 0.15 or more.

  From this result, it is desirable to set the vertical distance between the terminal end side edge 10a and the free water surface 20, that is, the submergence depth h so as to satisfy the above formula (2).

  Next, a model test performed to determine the horizontal distance ΔX will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the ratio (ΔX / D0) between the horizontal distance between the horizontal width direction intersection line 10c and the center of the opening 71 and the opening diameter D0 (ΔX / D0) is −0.3 to 0.56. The number of vortex generation was measured when changed in the range of.

  Here, the sign of ΔX is positive when the horizontal width direction intersection line 10c is closer to the water supply port 81 (upstream side) than the center of the opening 71, and the opposite is negative.

  The experimental conditions were the same as when the angle α was studied, and the flow rate was an intermediate flow rate and the water level was the lowest water level. In addition, the angle α of the swash plate 10 is set to the median value of the range in which the vortex suppression effect studied above is satisfied, that is, α = 45 °. Further, the submergence depth h of the terminal end side edge 10a was set so as to satisfy h / D0 = 0.19.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when ΔX / D0 is ΔX / D0 ≧ 0.3, a vortex is generated on the end portion 82 side (downstream side) of the swash plate 10, and when Δx / D0 ≦ −0.2. A vortex is generated on the water supply port 81 side (upstream side) of the swash plate 10.

  From this result, it is desirable that the horizontal distance ΔX between the horizontal width direction intersection line 10c and the center of the opening 71 is set so as to satisfy the above formula (3).

[Third Embodiment]
A third embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and the same or similar parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view showing a third embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional side view of FIG.

  In the present embodiment, instead of the swash plate 10 used in the first and second embodiments, a lattice swash plate 11 having a lattice formed in the plane is attached to the horizontal flow path 80. The fixing method is the same as in the first embodiment.

  The lattice swash plate 11 has a plurality of lattice plates 11a extending in the horizontal flow path width direction. These lattice plates 11 a are arranged at intervals from each other along the inclination of the lattice swash plate 11. The lattice plate 11a is an elongated flat plate, and is arranged so that the lateral direction is vertical. That is, it is configured so that water can easily flow in the vertical direction between the lattice plates 11a.

  When the water flow is deflected from the horizontal flow path 80 to the vertical flow path 70 through the opening 71, the pressure in the vertical flow path increases as the flow path is suddenly closed. At this time, an upward flow that flows upward from below the opening 71 may occur. Due to this upward flow, a large pressure may act on the swash plate 10.

  On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the grid swash plate 11 is used instead of the swash plate 10, even if such an upward flow collides with the grid swash plate 11, a part of the upper both flows is Since it passes through the grid swash plate 11 upward, it does not receive a large resistance.

  According to the present embodiment, the generation of air suction vortices generated from the water surface toward the water turbine generator 21 can be suppressed as in the first embodiment. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently operate the water turbine generator while suppressing energy loss.

  Moreover, even when the upward flow accompanying the sudden blockage of the flow path occurs, the water flow in the flow path can be maintained in a healthy state.

[Fourth Embodiment]
A fourth embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and the same or similar parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional side view showing a state where the swash plate 10 is disposed below in the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility of the present embodiment. FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional side view showing a state in which the swash plate 10 in FIG. 10 is disposed above.

  In the present embodiment, the swash plate vertical movement device 31 is arranged on the wall surface of the horizontal flow path 80. The swash plate up-and-down moving device 31 is configured to be movable up and down along this inclination while the swash plate 10 maintains a predetermined inclination.

  FIG. 10 shows the position of the swash plate 10 when the water turbine generator 21 is in operation, and the generation of air suction vortices can be suppressed as in the first embodiment.

  When it becomes necessary to perform work such as maintenance or replacement of the turbine generator 21, the worker accesses from above the turbine generator 21. When the swash plate 10 is fixed in the state shown in FIG. 10, the swash plate 10 may obstruct access to the turbine generator 21.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11, the swash plate up-and-down moving device 31 can move upward from the position of the swash plate 10 in FIG. Thereby, since the upper part of the turbine generator 21 is opened, an operator can easily access the turbine generator 21. Further, since the swash plate 10 can move up and down while maintaining a predetermined inclination, the swash plate 10 can be easily returned to the state before maintenance.

  As can be seen from the above description, according to the present embodiment, when the water turbine generator 21 is operating, the generation of air suction vortices can be suppressed, and when the water turbine generator 21 is maintained, maintenance work is performed. Can be performed more efficiently.

[Fifth Embodiment]
A fifth embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. This embodiment is a modification of the fourth embodiment (FIGS. 10 and 11), and the same or similar parts as those of the fourth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional side view showing a state in which the swash plate 10 is disposed on the terminal end 82 side in the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility of the present embodiment. FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional side view showing a state in which the swash plate 10 in FIG. 12 is disposed on the water supply port 81 side.

  In the present embodiment, the swash plate horizontal movement device 32 is disposed on the wall surface of the horizontal flow path 80. The swash plate horizontal movement device 32 is configured to be capable of horizontal translation along the direction in which the horizontal flow path 80 extends while the swash plate 10 maintains a predetermined inclination.

  FIG. 12 shows the position of the swash plate when the water turbine generator 21 is operating, and the generation of air suction vortices can be suppressed as in the first embodiment.

  When it becomes necessary to perform maintenance or replacement of the turbine generator, the worker accesses from above the turbine generator 21. When the swash plate 10 is fixed in the state of FIG. 12, this swash plate 10 may become an obstacle to access to the turbine generator 21.

  On the other hand, the swash plate horizontal movement device 32 can horizontally move toward the water supply port 81 while maintaining the inclination of the swash plate 10 as shown in FIG. Thereby, it can be in the state where the upper part of water turbine generator 21 was opened.

  As can be seen from the above description, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effects as in the fourth embodiment.

[Sixth Embodiment]
A sixth embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15. This embodiment is a modification of the fourth embodiment, and the same or similar parts as those in the fourth embodiment (FIGS. 10 and 11) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional side view showing a state where the split swash plate 14 is closed, which is the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation equipment of the present embodiment. FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional side view showing a state where the divided swash plate 14 in FIG. 14 is opened.

  In the present embodiment, the divided swash plate rotating device 33 is disposed on the wall surface of the horizontal flow path 80. This divided swash plate rotating device 33 has inclined rotating shafts 41 fixed to the wall surfaces on both sides of the horizontal flow path 80 while maintaining a predetermined inclination.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, instead of the swash plate 10 described in the first to fifth embodiments, a divided swash plate 14 that can be divided into two at the center along the direction in which the horizontal flow path 80 extends is used. Yes. The division | segmentation swash plate 14 of the state which is not divided | segmented has a function similar to the swash plate 10 used in 1st Embodiment. Each of the divided swash plates 14 that can be divided into two at the center is configured to be rotatable around an inclination rotation shaft 41 provided on the wall surface on both sides of the horizontal flow path 80.

  FIG. 14 shows the position of the swash plate when the water turbine generator 21 is operating, and the generation of air suction vortices can be suppressed as in the first embodiment. The divided swash plate 14 at this time maintains the same state as the swash plate 10 described above.

  When it becomes necessary to perform work such as maintenance or replacement of the turbine generator 21, the worker accesses from above the turbine generator 21. When the divided swash plate 14 is fixed in the state of FIG. 14, the divided swash plate 14 may become an obstacle to access to the turbine generator 21.

  On the other hand, when each of the two divided swash plates 14 rotates around the tilt rotation shaft 41 and rotates around the tilt rotation shaft 41 as shown in FIG. The upper part of the generator 21 is opened.

  As can be seen from the above description, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effects as in the fourth embodiment.

[Seventh Embodiment]
A seventh embodiment of the vertical valve type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17. This embodiment is a modification of the fourth embodiment (FIGS. 10 and 11), and the same or similar parts as those of the fourth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional side view showing a state where the swash plate 10 is maintained at a predetermined angle in the vertical axis valve-type water turbine power generation facility of the present embodiment. FIG. 17 is a schematic sectional side view showing a state in which the surface of the swash plate 10 in FIG. 16 that receives the water flow is vertical.

  In the present embodiment, the swash plate rotating device 35 is attached to the bottom of the horizontal flow path 80 on the terminal end 82 side of the opening 71. The swash plate rotating device 35 extends horizontally in the width direction of the horizontal flow path 80 and is attached to the bottom of the horizontal flow path 80, and can rotate about the horizontal rotation axis 45. The rotating plate 35a is configured.

  Further, the end portion side edge 10a of the swash plate 10 is attached in parallel to the side edge farther from the horizontal rotation shaft 45 of the rotation plate 35a.

  The swash plate 10 of the present embodiment is configured to be rotatable around a horizontal rotation shaft 45. When performing maintenance or the like of the water turbine generator 21, the swash plate 10 is rotated and fixed so that the surface of the swash plate 10 is vertical. Thereby, it will be in the state where the upper part of water turbine generator 21 was opened.

  As can be seen from the above description, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effects as in the fourth embodiment.

[Eighth Embodiment]
An eighth embodiment of an upright valve type turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 18 and 19. This embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment (FIGS. 3 and 4), and the same or similar parts as those of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. FIG. 18 is a schematic plan view showing the vertical shaft valve-type turbine power generation facility of the present embodiment. FIG. 19 is a schematic sectional side view of FIG.

  In the present embodiment, there are two small swash plates, that is, a first small swash plate 12a and a second small swash plate 12b. Each of these small swash plates 12 a and 12 b is attached to each of the wall surfaces on both sides of the horizontal flow path 80.

  When the horizontal flow path width direction of each of the first and second small swash plates 12a and 12b is b1, the width of the horizontal flow path 80 on the water supply port 81 side is B, and the opening diameter is D0, the first and first The two small swash plates 12a and 12b are configured such that b1 satisfies the equation (7).

b1 ≦ (B−D0) / 2 (7)
That is, the free water surface 20 above the opening 71 is open to the atmosphere.

  In addition, each of the first and second small swash plates 12a and 12b has an angle α, a submerged depth h, and a horizontal distance ΔX, as in the second embodiment.

  According to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the second embodiment, and since there is no obstacle above the opening 71, maintenance of the turbine generator 21 is performed. When performing, access from above the turbine generator 21 is facilitated.

[Ninth Embodiment]
A ninth embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 20 and 21. FIG. This embodiment is a modification of the eighth embodiment, and the same or similar parts as those of the eighth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. FIG. 20 is a schematic plan view showing an upright valve type water turbine power generation facility of the present embodiment. 21 is a schematic sectional side view of FIG.

  In the present embodiment, each of the wall surfaces on both sides of the horizontal flow path 80 above the opening 71 is an inclined surface that receives a water flow while having a predetermined inclination with respect to the free water surface 20 so that the end portion 82 side is lowered. 13 is formed.

  The width of the horizontal flow path 80 on the water supply port 81 side from the opening 71 is defined as B, and the width of the horizontal flow path 80 on the terminal end 82 side from the opening 71 is defined as C. Assuming b2, the inclined surface 13 is configured such that b2 satisfies the formula (8).

b2 = (BC) / 2 (8)
Further, the angle α formed by each inclined surface 13 and the free water surface 20 is formed so as to satisfy the expression (1), as in the second embodiment.

  Similarly to the eighth embodiment, an intersection line between each inclined surface 13 and the free water surface 20 is defined as a horizontal width direction intersection line 10c, and the horizontal of the center of the opening 71 and the horizontal width direction intersection line 10c. When the directional distance is ΔX, ΔX / D0 is configured to satisfy Expression (3).

  According to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the eighth embodiment, and it is possible to improve durability because the flow path is fixed.

[Tenth embodiment]
A tenth embodiment of a vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23. This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, and the same or similar parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. FIG. 22 is a schematic plan view showing the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility of the present embodiment. FIG. 23 is a schematic sectional side view of FIG.

  In the present embodiment, three flat first partition walls 27 a, second partition walls 27 b, and third partition walls 27 c extending upward from the bottom of the horizontal flow path 80 are arranged closer to the end portion 82 side than the center of the opening 71. Has been.

  The first partition wall 27a is attached to one wall surface of the horizontal flow path 80, and the third partition wall 27c is attached to the other wall surface. The second partition wall 27b is disposed so as to connect the first partition wall 27a and the third partition wall 27c. That is, the three partition walls 27a, 27b, and 27c are disposed so as to surround the outer half circumference of the opening portion 71 on the end portion 82 side, and the horizontal flow path 80 is formed on the side where the opening portion 71 is formed and the end portion 82. It is comprised so that the side may be separated.

  Further, a fourth partition wall 27d is provided so as to connect the connecting portion between the first partition wall 27a and the second partition wall 27b and the terminal portion 82. Similarly, the fifth partition wall 27e is provided so as to connect the connecting portion between the third partition wall 27c and the second partition wall 27b and the terminal portion 82.

  These partition walls 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d, and 27e are configured to allow water to flow while applying a predetermined resistance force to the water flow. For example, the partition walls 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d, and 27e are made of a porous member such as punching metal or perforated concrete. Is formed.

  When the water turbine generator 21 is operated, a part of the water flowing in the horizontal flow path 80 from the water supply port 81 toward the end portion 82 passes above the opening portion 71 toward the end portion 82.

  The water in the vicinity of the end portion 82 flows through the first partition wall 27a, the second partition wall 27b, and the third partition wall 27c, thereby reducing the flow velocity and rectifying.

  Since it reaches the end portion 82 in a state where the flow velocity is reduced and rectified, the generation of a circulating flow can be suppressed. At this time, since the water in the vicinity of the terminal end portion 82 flows through the fourth and fifth partition walls 27d and 27e, the rectification effect can be further enhanced.

  Since the water surface closer to the end portion 82 than the first to third partition walls 27a, 27b, and 27c is stable, the generation of vortices near the end portion 82 is suppressed. For this reason, since generation | occurrence | production of an air suction vortex can be suppressed, the water turbine generator 21 can be drive | operated stably. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently operate the water turbine generator while suppressing energy loss.

[Eleventh embodiment]
An eleventh embodiment of the vertical valve type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 24 and 25. This embodiment is a modification of the tenth embodiment, and the same reference numerals are given to the same or similar parts as those of the tenth embodiment, and the duplicate description is omitted. FIG. 24 is a schematic plan view showing an upright valve type water turbine power generation facility of the present embodiment. 25 is a schematic sectional side view of FIG.

  In the present embodiment, there are two corner partition walls, that is, a first corner partition wall 28a and a second corner partition wall 28b. Each of the first and second corner partition walls 28a, 28b is closer to the end portion 82 than the opening 71, and each of the two corner portions 83 formed by the wall surfaces on both sides of the horizontal flow path 80 and the end portion 82, respectively. Is arranged so as to cover from the horizontal direction. The materials and the like of the first and second corner partition walls 28a and 28b are the same as those of the first to fifth partition walls 27a to 27e described in the tenth embodiment.

  When the water turbine generator 21 is operated, a part of the water flowing in the horizontal flow path 80 from the water supply port 81 toward the end portion 82 passes over the opening portion 71 toward the end portion 82. The water that has reached the end portion 82 is divided into left and right parts and flows through the first corner partition walls 28a and the second corner partition walls 28b, thereby reducing the flow velocity and rectifying. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of a circulation flow can be suppressed.

  Since the water surface on the end portion 82 side is stable, the generation of vortices in the vicinity of the end portion 82 is suppressed as in the tenth embodiment. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of an air suction vortex can be suppressed and the water turbine generator 21 can be operated stably. Accordingly, it is possible to efficiently operate the turbine generator while suppressing energy loss.

[Other Embodiments]
The description of the above embodiment is an example for explaining the present invention, and does not limit the invention described in the claims. Moreover, each part structure of this invention is not restricted to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible within the technical scope as described in a claim.

  For example, the lattice swash plate 11 of the third embodiment may be used in the second embodiment. Further, the features of the fourth to seventh embodiments may be combined with the features of the second embodiment.

  Further, the features of the first embodiment can be combined with the features of the tenth and eleventh embodiments.

1 is a schematic plan view showing a first embodiment of a vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention. It is a schematic sectional side view of FIG. It is a schematic plan view which shows 2nd Embodiment of the vertical axis | shaft valve-type water turbine power generation equipment which concerns on this invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional side view of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the result of a model experiment conducted to determine the angle α formed between the swash plate and the free water surface in FIG. FIG. 4 shows the result of examining the relationship between the number of vortex generations with respect to the ratio of the submergence depth h and the opening diameter D0 by conducting a model experiment in order to determine the submergence depth h at the end of the swash plate in FIG. It is a graph. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of examining the number of vortex generations with respect to the ratio between the horizontal distance ΔX and the opening diameter D0 by conducting a model experiment to determine the relative position between the opening and the swash plate of FIG. 4. It is a schematic plan view which shows 3rd Embodiment of the vertical axis | shaft valve type water turbine power generation equipment which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic sectional side view of FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic side sectional view showing a state in which the swash plate is moved downward, according to a fourth embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional side view showing a state in which the swash plate has moved upward in the embodiment of FIG. 10. FIG. 10 is a schematic side sectional view showing a state in which the swash plate has moved to the terminal end side according to the fifth embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention. It is a schematic sectional side view which shows the state which the swash plate moved to the water supply port side in embodiment of FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional side view showing a state in which a split swash plate is closed, which is a sixth embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention. FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional side view showing a state in which the divided swash plate is opened in the embodiment of FIG. 14. FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional side view illustrating a state in which the swash plate is maintained at a predetermined angle, according to a seventh embodiment of the vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to the present invention. It is a schematic sectional side view which shows the state where the surface which receives the water flow of a swash plate is perpendicular | vertical in embodiment of FIG. It is a schematic plan view which shows 8th Embodiment of the vertical axis | shaft valve-type water turbine power generation equipment which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic sectional side view of FIG. It is a schematic plan view which shows 9th Embodiment of the vertical axis | shaft valve-type water turbine power generation equipment which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic sectional side view of FIG. It is a schematic plan view which shows 10th Embodiment of the vertical axis | shaft valve type water turbine power generation equipment which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic sectional side view of FIG. It is a schematic plan view which shows 11th Embodiment of the vertical axis | shaft valve-type water turbine power generation equipment which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic sectional side view of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Valve, 2 ... Generator, 3 ... Main shaft, 4 ... Runner, 5 ... Guide vane, 6 ... Stay,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Swash plate, 10a ... Terminal part side edge, 10b ... Water supply port side edge, 10c ... Horizontal width direction crossing line,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Lattice swash plate, 11a ... Lattice plate, 12a ... First small swash plate, 12b ... Second small swash plate, 13 ... Inclined surface, 14 ... Divided swash plate, 20 ... Free water surface, 21 ... Water turbine generator, 27a ... 1st partition, 27b ... 2nd partition, 27c ... 3rd partition, 27d ... 4th partition, 27e ... 5th partition, 28a ... 1st corner partition, 28b ... 2nd corner partition, 31 ... Swash plate vertical movement device 32 ... Swash plate horizontal movement device, 33 ... Split swash plate rotation device, 35 ... Swash plate rotation device, 35a ... Rotation plate, 41 ... Inclination rotation shaft, 45 ... Horizontal rotation shaft, 70 ... Vertical direction Flow path, 71 ... Opening part, 80 ... Horizontal flow path, 81 ... Water supply port, 82 ... Terminal part, 83 ... Corner

Claims (13)

A water turbine arranged such that the rotation axis faces the vertical direction;
A generator connected to and driven by the water wheel;
A horizontal flow path formed such that a free water surface is formed and water flows substantially horizontally from the water supply port toward the upper part of the water wheel near the terminal end,
From the opening formed near the terminal end of the bottom of the horizontal flow path, it extends downward toward the generator, and is formed such that water flowing through the horizontal flow path flows downward toward the water turbine. A longitudinal flow path,
The slant is disposed near the free water surface above the opening, maintains a predetermined inclination with respect to the free water surface so that the terminal end side is lowered, and is disposed so that the terminal end side is below the free water surface. The board,
A vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility characterized by comprising:   The vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to claim 1, wherein the swash plate is configured to be movable in the vertical direction along the predetermined inclination while maintaining the predetermined inclination.   2. The vertical shaft valve-type water turbine power generation equipment according to claim 1, wherein the swash plate is configured to be horizontally movable in a direction in which the horizontal flow path extends while maintaining the predetermined inclination. 3. An inclined rotation axis arranged to maintain the predetermined inclination on each wall surface of the horizontal flow path;
The swash plate is formed so as to be divided into two along the direction in which the horizontal flow path extends, and each of the swash plates divided into two can turn around the respective tilt rotation shafts. It is comprised, The vertical axis | shaft valve-type water turbine power generation equipment of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. A horizontal rotation shaft disposed at the bottom of the horizontal flow path on the terminal end side of the opening and extending horizontally in the width direction of the horizontal flow path;
The vertical shaft valve-type water turbine power generation facility according to claim 1, wherein the swash plate is configured to be rotatable around the horizontal rotation axis. A water turbine arranged such that the rotation axis faces the vertical direction;
A generator connected to and driven by the water wheel;
A horizontal flow path formed such that a free water surface is formed and water flows substantially horizontally with a substantially constant width from the water supply port toward the upper part of the water wheel near the terminal end;
From the opening formed near the terminal end of the bottom of the horizontal flow path, it extends downward toward the generator, and is formed such that water flowing through the horizontal flow path flows downward toward the water turbine. A longitudinal flow path,
A predetermined inclination with respect to the free water surface so that the end portion side is below the free water surface and the end portion side is lowered so that each is attached to the respective wall surfaces on both sides of the horizontal flow path above the opening. A swash plate that is arranged so as to maintain an upper portion of the opening,
A vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility characterized by comprising:   The vertical axis water turbine power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the predetermined inclination is not less than 30 degrees and not more than 60 degrees. The opening is circular, the diameter of the opening is D0, the water level from the end of the swash plate to the free water surface is h, and the water level in the horizontal channel is the lowest water level. When
8. The vertical shaft valve-type water turbine power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein h / D0 ≧ 0.15 is satisfied. The opening is circular, and the diameter of the opening is D0,
When the horizontal distance between the swash plate and the horizontal intersecting line formed by the free water surface and the center of the opening is ΔX,
ΔX / D0 is
When the horizontal crossing line is closer to the water supply port than the center of the opening, it is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 0.3.
When the horizontal crossing line is closer to the terminal end side than the center of the opening, it is configured to be larger than 0 and equal to or less than 0.2.
The vertical shaft valve-type water turbine power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that:   The vertical shaft valve-type water turbine power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the swash plate has a lattice formed in a plane. A water turbine arranged such that the rotation axis faces the vertical direction;
A generator connected to and driven by the water wheel;
A free water surface is formed so that water flows substantially horizontally from the water supply port toward the upper part of the water wheel near the terminal end, and is substantially constant from the water supply port to the water supply port side end of the opening. A horizontal channel formed to have a width;
Extending downward from the circular opening formed near the end portion of the bottom of the horizontal flow path toward the generator, so that water flowing through the horizontal flow path flows downward toward the water turbine. A formed longitudinal flow path;
Have
Each wall surface on both sides of the horizontal flow path above the opening is configured such that the end portion side is lowered and has a predetermined inclination with respect to the free water surface, and the upper portion of the opening is opened. An inclined surface is formed,
Vertical shaft type water turbine power generation equipment characterized by A water turbine arranged such that the rotation axis faces the vertical direction;
A generator connected to and driven by the water wheel;
A horizontal flow path formed such that a free water surface is formed and water flows substantially horizontally from the water supply port toward the upper part of the water wheel near the terminal end,
From the opening formed near the terminal end of the bottom of the horizontal flow path, it extends downward toward the generator, and is formed such that water flowing through the horizontal flow path flows downward toward the water turbine. A longitudinal flow path,
It extends upward from the bottom of the horizontal flow path and is disposed so as to cover each of the corners formed by the wall surfaces on both sides of the horizontal flow path and the terminal end from the horizontal direction on the terminal end side of the opening. Porous partition walls,
A vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility characterized by comprising:   The partition is arranged on the terminal end side with respect to the opening, and is configured to separate the horizontal flow path from the side on which the opening is arranged and the terminal end side. The vertical shaft type water turbine power generation facility according to claim 12.

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