JP2010089164A - Numerically controlled lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the breakage of a tool or an apparatus by stopping a numerically controlled lathe with alarming based on the detection of a rotation stop of a rotating tool of an air tool. <P>SOLUTION: A tool mount 21 is provided on an outer-peripheral surface of a turret 11. A tool body 41 of the air tool 31 is fixed to the tool mount 21. The air tool 31 has a tool shaft 42 extending in parallel to a T shaft. A reflection plate 51 is mounted to the tool shaft 42. A reflection type photoelectric sensor 52 is mounted to the tool body side of the air tool 31. The reflection type photoelectric sensor 52 has an optical axis M extending in parallel to the tool shaft 42. During one turn of the tool shaft 42, the reflection plate 51 makes the optical axis M shut off and pass through. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an NC lathe using an NC lathe using a fluid pressure driven rotary tool driven by a fluid pressure which is a drive source different from the main power source of the NC lathe.

  In NC lathes, it is common to perform turning with a tool mounted on the tool rest on the work held rotatably on the headstock, but it is as simple as deburring or drilling with a small-diameter drill. There are times when I want to make a rough process. In that case, it is expensive to give the function of the rotary tool to the NC lathe body. In order to avoid this, it is conceivable to add an inexpensive rotary tool to the tool post. The use of electricity as the power source of the rotary tool is complicated by wiring and the like, and therefore it is preferable to use a fluid pressure drive type.

  Usually, since air piping is given in each place in a factory, an air tool is easy to use as a fluid pressure drive type rotary tool.

  When the air tool is stopped due to cutting resistance, chip clogging, or the like, the main power source of the NC lathe remains ON, and the feed of the turret of the NC lathe cannot be stopped. This can damage the air tool and related equipment.

  Conventionally, when a situation occurs in which the air tool stops, an operator manually turns off the main power source of the NC lathe, and measures such as automatic machine stop have not been taken.

  An object of the present invention is to detect a rotation reduction or rotation stop of a fluid pressure driven rotary tool, and based on this, stop an alarm or perform a predetermined operation of the NC lathe to prevent damage to the rotary tool or equipment. It is in.

  The NC lathe according to the present invention has a tool post that is relatively movable in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction perpendicular thereto with respect to the head stock for holding the workpiece rotatably around the Z-axis, and the Z-axis on the tool post. Turret supported rotatably around the T-axis extending in the direction and provided with a tool mounting portion on the outer peripheral surface, a fluid pressure driven rotary tool mounted on the tool mounting portion, and detecting the number of rotations of the rotary tool And a NC device for controlling the movement of the spindle, the tool post and the turret based on the detection value of the detection means.

  In the NC lathe according to the present invention, the rotation of the fluid pressure driven rotary tool can be detected by the detecting means and monitored.

  Further, the NC device stops the movement of at least one of the headstock, the tool post and the turret when the rotational speed of the rotary tool detected by the detecting means is equal to or lower than the set rotational speed. The NC lathe can be automatically stopped by an alarm, and damage to tools and equipment can be prevented.

  Further, the detection means includes a detection element fixed to the rotation shaft of the rotary tool and a non-contact type sensor that is fixed to the tool post and outputs an ON / OFF signal during one rotation of the detection element. Since the degree of freedom in selecting the installation location of the child to be detected and the sensor increases, the detection means can be easily installed.

  Further, the detecting means is a reflection plate, and the non-contact sensor is a reflection type photoelectric sensor having an optical axis that is blocked and passed by the rotating reflection plate, so that the detection means is structurally simple. be able to.

  According to this invention, it is possible to detect a decrease in the rotational speed of the fluid pressure driven rotary tool, and based on this, stop the alarm of the NC lathe and prevent damage to the tool or equipment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  In the following description, “front and rear” refers to the left side of FIG. 1 as the front and the opposite side as the rear, based on FIG.

  Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the turret 11 is rotated around the T-axis on the tool post 10 which is relatively movable in the Z-axis direction (front-rear direction) and the X-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction (not shown). It is supported freely. The T-axis extends in the Z-axis direction.

  A tool mounting portion 21 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the turret 11. The tool mounting portion 21 is equipped with an air tool 31 that is a fluid pressure driven rotary tool. The air tool 31 is fixed to the tool mounting portion 21 and includes a tool body 41 having a built-in air motor (not shown), and a tool that protrudes forward from the tool body 41 and is connected to the output shaft of the air motor. A shaft 42.

  The tool body 41 is supplied with pressure air from an air hose 43 connected through a tool post and a turret turning center from a fixed part in the lathe. The tool shaft 42 has a rotation axis C extending radially outward of the turret 11 in parallel with the T axis. A reflection plate 51 is fixed to the tool shaft 42. The reflection plate 51 is a substantially rectangular plate shape that is orthogonal to the rotation axis C of the tool shaft 42 and extends outward in the radial direction of the rotation axis C.

  A reflective photoelectric sensor 52 is disposed behind the air tool 31. The reflective photoelectric sensor 52 is attached to the side surface of the tool post 10 via a bracket 61 and emits and receives light from the rear of the air tool 31. The reflective photoelectric sensor 52 has an optical axis B extending parallel to the rotation axis C of the tool shaft 42. is doing. The optical axis B is configured to intersect the reflecting plate 51 at a predetermined rotation angle position.

  When the processing by the air tool 31 is normally performed, the reflection plate 51 is rotated together with the tool shaft. In this case, the optical axis B is interrupted by the reflecting plate 51 once during a cycle of one rotation of the tool shaft 42 for a predetermined time. When the optical axis B is blocked by the reflecting plate 51, the reflective photoelectric sensor 52 outputs an ON signal, and otherwise outputs an OFF signal.

  When an overload is applied to the air tool 31, the rotation of the tool shaft 42 may be stopped. When the rotation of the tool shaft 42 is stopped, the rotation of the reflecting plate 51 is also stopped. In that case, depending on the rotation angle position of the stopped reflecting plate 51, the optical axis B is either blocked or passed by the reflecting plate 51, and the reflective photoelectric sensor 52 is turned on or off. Are continuously held in either state.

  The output signal of the reflective photoelectric sensor 52 is input to the NC device 73 via the rotation speed detection unit 71 and the determination unit 72. In the rotation speed detection unit 71, the output signal of the reflective photoelectric sensor 52 is converted into the rotation speed. The determination unit 72 determines the rotation state of the tool shaft 42 based on the rotation number converted by the rotation number detection unit 71. Based on the determination result, the NC device 73 controls the NC lathe. When the rotation of the tool shaft 42 is stopped, the converted rotation number is “0”. In this case, it is determined that an abnormal situation has occurred, and an alarm signal is output. Based on the alarm signal, the movement of the tool post 10 is stopped, and an alarm is displayed on the monitor screen of the NC device to notify the operator. If the converted rotation speed is equal to or less than the set rotation speed, the NC lathe is controlled by the NC device 73 depending on whether the movement of the tool post 10 is stopped, the movement speed is reduced, or the movement is reversed, or depending on the processing conditions. Be controlled. Of course, when the rotation speed of the tool shaft 42 becomes “0”, these operations may be performed instead of the alarm stop.

  3 and 4 show another embodiment. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the air tool 31 is mounted on the tool mounting portion 21 of the turret 11 so that the tool shaft 42 is parallel to the T axis. In this embodiment, the tool shaft 42 is mounted vertically downward on the front side surface of the turret 11 so as to be orthogonal to the T axis. A cutout 81 is formed in a part of the outer surface of the reflection plate 51. When the optical axis B is allowed to pass through the notch 81, the output signal of the reflective photoelectric sensor 52 is turned OFF, and when the optical axis M is irradiated to a portion other than the notch 81, the optical axis M is formed on the outer surface of the reflecting plate 51. Is reflected, and the reflective photoelectric sensor 52 outputs an ON signal.

It is a top view of NC lathe by this invention. It is the same front view. It is a top view of NC lathe equivalent to FIG. 1 by other embodiment of this invention. It is the same side view.

Explanation of symbols

11 Turret
21 Tool mounting
31 Air tool
41 Tool body
42 Tool shaft
43 Air hose
51 reflector
52 Reflective photoelectric sensor
61 Bracket
71 Rotation detector
72 Judgment part
73 NC unit
M Optical axis

Claims (4)

  A tool post that is relatively movable in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis direction with respect to the headstock that holds the workpiece rotatably around the Z-axis, and around the T-axis extending in the Z-axis direction on the tool post. A turret that is rotatably supported and provided with a tool mounting portion on the outer peripheral surface, a fluid pressure driven rotary tool equipped on the tool mounting portion, a detection means that detects the number of rotations of the rotary tool, and a detection means NC lathe equipped with an NC device that controls the movement of the spindle, the tool post and the turret based on the detected value.   The NC device is configured to stop the movement of at least one of the headstock, the tool post, and the turret when the rotational speed of the rotary tool detected by the detecting means is equal to or less than a set rotational speed. The NC lathe according to 1.   The detection means comprises a detection element fixed to a rotating shaft of a rotary tool and a non-contact type sensor that is fixed to the tool post and outputs an ON / OFF signal during one rotation of the detection element. NC lathe according to 1 or 2.   The NC lathe according to claim 3, wherein the detection target is a reflecting plate, and the non-contact sensor is a reflecting photoelectric sensor having an optical axis that is blocked and passed by a rotating reflecting plate.

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