JP2010088123A - Piezoelectric oscillator, and reception device using piezoelectric oscillator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a piezoelectric oscillator shortening an acquisition time of a positioning signal of a GPS satellite by using a piezoelectric oscillator having no temperature compensating circuit incorporated, and also to provide a reception device using the piezoelectric oscillator, and a satellite acquisition control method of the reception device using the piezoelectric oscillator. <P>SOLUTION: When the piezoelectric oscillator 1 is constituted by assembling an IC 2 for the piezoelectric oscillator and a piezoelectric vibrator 4 in the same package, a temperature sensor 7 can precisely detect the temperature of the piezoelectric vibrator 4. The piezoelectric oscillator 1 is put in a thermostatic chamber and the relation between a temperature T and a frequency of an output frequency fout is obtained. Temperature coefficients (A, B, C, and D) and an offset coefficient (E) are calculated from the obtained frequency-temperature characteristics and written in a memory 10. When the piezoelectric oscillator 1 is incorporated in the reception device, a temperature coefficient and an offset coefficient are extracted from the memory 10 to find a frequency deviation of the piezoelectric oscillator 1 from an approximate curve calculation expression, and a search range from the satellite is offset by the frequency deviation to obtain the frequency of the GPS satellite. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a piezoelectric oscillator used to perform position measurement based on a positioning signal from a GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite, a receiver using the piezoelectric oscillator, and a satellite acquisition control method for the receiver using the piezoelectric oscillator. More specifically, a piezoelectric oscillator in a receiving device such as a portable terminal equipped with a GPS positioning signal receiving function, a receiving device using the piezoelectric oscillator, and satellite acquisition control of the receiving device using the piezoelectric oscillator It is about the method.

A receiving device such as a mobile phone equipped with a GPS function and a mobile phone equipped with a GPS receiving function measure the current position by demodulating and analyzing positioning signals transmitted from a plurality of GPS satellites. As a reference oscillator used in these receivers, a temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO (Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator) having a small frequency change due to temperature is widely used. The reason is that the higher the frequency accuracy of the oscillator built in the receiver, the higher the GP
The search range for acquiring the positioning signal transmitted from the S satellite can be narrowed. As a result, the search time is shortened, that is, the time for acquiring the positioning signal of the GPS satellite is shortened,
This is because positioning can be performed in a short time.

Piezoelectric oscillator SPXO (Simple Packaged Crystal Osci) with no built-in temperature compensation circuit
When the llator) is used as a reference oscillator, there is a disadvantage that the frequency deviation due to temperature is large and the time until the positioning signal is supplemented becomes long.
FIG. 25 is a diagram showing frequency temperature characteristics of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO and the piezoelectric oscillator SPXO. In FIG. 25, the vertical axis represents the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO and the piezoelectric oscillator SP.
XO frequency deviation Δf / f, and the horizontal axis represents the ambient temperature. Here, f is a frequency at an ambient temperature of 25 ° C. of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO and the piezoelectric oscillator SPXO, and Δf is an oscillation frequency at each temperature of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO and the piezoelectric oscillator SPXO. Temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TC in the temperature range of −40 to + 85 ° C.
The frequency deviation of the XO and the piezoelectric oscillator SPXO is ± 2.
Whereas it is within 5 ppm, the piezoelectric oscillator SPXO is as large as about ± 10 ppm. As a result, when the piezoelectric oscillator SPXO is used as the reference oscillator of the GPS receiver, the GPS capture time is several times or more that of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO, which is not preferable in practice. Therefore, at present, GP
A temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO is mainly used as a reference oscillator of the S receiver.
FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of a conventional temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO41. The temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO 41 includes a TCXO IC 42 including a constant voltage circuit 5, a temperature sensor 7, a temperature compensation circuit 43, an oscillation circuit 6, a control circuit 9, and a memory 10, and a piezoelectric vibrator 4 that is a crystal vibrator. It is configured. That is, the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TC
The XO 41 incorporates a temperature sensor 7 and a temperature compensation circuit 43 so that a stable output frequency fout can be taken out regardless of temperature fluctuations.
In order to prevent frequency fluctuations due to fluctuations in the power supply voltage supplied from the outside, the power supply voltage Vcc of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO is made constant by the constant voltage circuit 5 and supplied to the temperature compensation circuit 43 and the oscillation circuit 6. Is done.
At this time, the memory 10 stores temperature compensation data for compensating the temperature characteristic of the oscillation circuit 6. The temperature compensation circuit 43 outputs a temperature compensation voltage to be applied to the oscillation circuit 6 based on the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor 7 and the temperature compensation data from the memory 10. As a result, the oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is temperature-compensated by the temperature compensation circuit 43, so that a stable output frequency fout that is hardly dependent on a temperature change is output from the oscillation circuit 6.

Japanese Patent No. 292435 JP 2001-281322 A

In recent years, small and handy receivers such as mobile phones having a GPS function have become widespread, so positioning signals from when the receiver is turned on until positioning data is output for convenience. It is desired to shorten the capture time. In order to shorten the acquisition time to a desired value, for example, about 10 seconds after the power is turned on, the frequency accuracy of the reference oscillator is set to ± 0.
It is required to be about 1 × 10 ⁻⁶ (± 0.1 ppm). However, the frequency accuracy of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO as shown in FIG. 26 is generally ± 1 to 1, as shown in FIG.
The frequency accuracy is about ± 2.5 ppm and does not meet the required frequency accuracy.

In addition, the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO needs to write compensation data in a memory at the time of manufacture, and the circuit scale becomes larger than the piezoelectric oscillator SPXO due to the built-in temperature compensation circuit and memory circuit. There is a disadvantage that it is large and the manufacturing cost is high.
Furthermore, it is technically difficult to manufacture a temperature-compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO with a temperature compensation system of ± 0.1 ppm level. Even if it can be manufactured, there are problems such as large size, power consumption, and extremely high cost. is there. Further, since the contents of the memory cannot be changed after the adjustment of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO at the time of manufacture, even if the temperature changes due to the piezoelectric vibrator or the like, even if the temperature is compensated, There are problems such as the capture time changing over time.
As for the reference oscillator of the GPS receiver, the offset of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO is estimated from the value of the temperature sensor installed outside the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO, and the center frequency for searching the signal from the satellite is slid. A technique for making this is described in Japanese Patent No. 2912435. However, this technique only considers the offset of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO, and does not appropriately control the search range according to the temperature characteristics of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO. Also, a temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TC as a reference oscillator
A technique using a piezoelectric oscillator SPXO instead of XO is described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-281322. However, this technique divides the frequency change with respect to the temperature change, that is, the frequency temperature characteristic into a plurality of sections, and controls the frequency change range to be searched for each of the divided sections, or changes the frequency temperature characteristic change rate. Accordingly, correction processing such as searching by changing the frequency range is performed, and complicated software processing such as changing the search range according to the piezoelectric oscillator SPXO to be used is necessary, which is not practical.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems. The object of the present invention is to use an inexpensive piezoelectric oscillator that does not have a built-in temperature compensation circuit and to improve the GPS accuracy without improving the frequency accuracy due to temperature changes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a piezoelectric oscillator capable of shortening a time for capturing a positioning signal from a satellite, and a receiving apparatus using the piezoelectric oscillator.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a temperature detecting temperature information in the vicinity of a piezoelectric vibrator in a piezoelectric oscillator that does not include a temperature compensation circuit and outputs a signal of a desired oscillation frequency using the piezoelectric vibrator. Detection means; storage means for storing an approximate curve coefficient for expressing an approximate curve representing a temperature change of a frequency deviation (Δf / f) indicating a frequency deviation (Δf) of the piezoelectric vibrator with respect to a reference frequency; And a control means for outputting temperature information from the temperature detection means and an approximate curve coefficient from the storage means.

The approximate curve coefficient of the piezoelectric oscillator of the present invention is the temperature coefficient A that determines the curve of the frequency deviation.
, B, C, D and an offset coefficient E for determining the offset of the frequency deviation curve, the frequency deviation is Δf / f, the reference temperature is T0, the current temperature is T, and the temperature coefficients are A, B, C, D When the offset coefficient is E, the temperature coefficients A, B, C, D and the offset coefficient E are
Δf / f = A (T-T0) ⁴ + B (T-T0) ³ + C (T-T0) ² + D (T-T0) + E (1)
Is calculated by changing the current temperature T in various ways.

In the piezoelectric oscillator of the present invention, when the offset coefficient E changes to E ′ (= E ± ΔE) due to the change with time of the frequency characteristics of the piezoelectric oscillator, the frequency deviation Δf / f ′ after change with time is
Δf / f ′ = A (T−T0) ⁴ + B (T−T0) ³ + C (T−T0) ² + D (T−T0) + E ′ (2)
It is calculated by the following formula.

The piezoelectric oscillator of the present invention further includes offset means for correcting the offset value of the frequency deviation at the time of manufacture, and the offset adjusting means is based on temperature information from the temperature detecting means. It is characterized by correcting the value.

In the piezoelectric oscillator of the present invention, the offset adjusting means is constituted by a variable circuit that varies the capacitance of the oscillation capacitor of the oscillation circuit including the piezoelectric vibrator.

In addition, the present invention provides a piezoelectric oscillator that does not include a temperature compensation circuit and outputs a signal having a desired oscillation frequency using a piezoelectric vibrator, and a satellite capturing unit that matches the frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator with the frequency of a positioning signal from a GPS satellite. In a receiving device comprising:
The above-described piezoelectric oscillator includes temperature detection means for detecting temperature information in the vicinity of the piezoelectric vibrator, and a frequency deviation (Δf / f) indicating the deviation (Δf) of the frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator with respect to the reference frequency (f). Storage means for storing an approximate curve coefficient for expressing an approximate curve representing a temperature change, and control means for outputting temperature information from the temperature detection means and an approximate curve coefficient from the storage means,
The satellite capturing means includes means for obtaining temperature information from the temperature detecting means and an approximate curve coefficient from the storage means, means for calculating a frequency deviation Δf / f at the current temperature, and corresponding to the frequency deviation. And a capturing means for capturing a satellite by offsetting a frequency range for searching a positioning signal from a GPS satellite.

The approximate curve coefficient of the piezoelectric oscillator used in the receiving apparatus of the present invention includes temperature coefficients A, B, C, and D that determine the frequency deviation curve, and an offset coefficient E that determines the offset of the frequency deviation curve. When the frequency deviation is Δf / f, the reference temperature is T0, the current temperature is T, the temperature coefficients are A, B, C, D, and the offset coefficient is E, the temperature coefficients A, B, C, D and the offset coefficient E are ,
Δf / f = A (T-T0) ⁴ + B (T-T0) ³ + C (T-T0) ² + D (T-T0) + E (1)
The current temperature is calculated by changing T in various ways.

Further, in the piezoelectric oscillator used in the receiving apparatus of the present invention, when the offset coefficient E changes to E ′ (= E ± ΔE) due to the change over time of the frequency characteristics of the piezoelectric oscillator, the frequency deviation Δf / f ′ after the change over time. Is
Δf / f ′ = A (T−T0) ⁴ + B (T−T0) ³ + C (T−T0) ² + D (T−T0) + E ′ (2)
It is calculated by the following formula.

Further, the piezoelectric oscillator used in the receiving device of the present invention further includes an offset adjusting means for correcting the offset value of the frequency deviation at the time of manufacture, and the offset adjusting means is based on temperature information from the temperature detecting means, The offset value of the piezoelectric vibrator is corrected.

Further, the offset adjustment means of the piezoelectric oscillator used in the receiving apparatus of the present invention is characterized by being constituted by a variable circuit that varies the capacitance of the oscillation capacitor of the oscillation circuit including the piezoelectric vibrator.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a piezoelectric oscillator that does not include a temperature compensation circuit that outputs a signal of a desired oscillation frequency using a piezoelectric vibrator, and a frequency for searching for a positioning signal from a GPS satellite according to the frequency deviation of the piezoelectric oscillator. In a satellite acquisition control method for controlling satellite acquisition of a receiving device including satellite acquisition means for offsetting a range,
The piezoelectric oscillator includes a temperature detection step for detecting temperature information in the vicinity of the piezoelectric vibrator, and an oscillation frequency deviation (Δf / f) indicating the deviation (Δf) of the frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator with respect to the reference frequency (f).
A storage step of storing an approximate curve coefficient for expressing an approximate curve representing a temperature change of
A control step for outputting temperature information from the temperature detection means and an approximate curve coefficient from the storage means,
The satellite acquisition means corresponds to the step of obtaining the temperature information from the temperature detection means and the approximate curve coefficient from the storage means, the step of calculating the frequency deviation Δf / f at the current temperature, and the frequency deviation Δf / f. And the step of acquiring the satellite by offsetting the frequency range for searching the positioning signal from the GPS satellite of the piezoelectric oscillator.

Furthermore, the approximate curve coefficients of the piezoelectric oscillator used in the satellite acquisition control method of the present invention are the temperature coefficients A, B, C, and D that determine the frequency deviation curve, and the offset coefficient E that determines the offset of the frequency deviation curve. These temperature coefficients A, B, C, D and offset coefficient E are
If the frequency deviation is Δf / f, the reference temperature is T0, the current temperature is T, the temperature coefficients are A, B, C, D, and the offset coefficient is E,
Δf / f = A (T-T0) ⁴ + B (T-T0) ³ + C (T-T0) ² + D (T-T0) + E (1)
In the above formula, the present temperature is calculated by a step of calculating T by changing T variously.

Further, when the offset coefficient E changes to E ′ (= E ± ΔE) due to the change over time of the frequency characteristics of the piezoelectric oscillator used in the satellite acquisition control method of the present invention,
The satellite acquisition means is based on the new offset coefficient E ′
The frequency deviation Δf / f ′ after the change over time is
Δf / f ′ = A (T−T0) ⁴ + B (T−T0) ³ + C (T−T0) ² + D (T−T0) + E ′ (2)
And a step of acquiring a satellite by offsetting a frequency range for searching for a positioning signal from a GPS satellite corresponding to the frequency deviation Δf / f ′.

Furthermore, the piezoelectric oscillator used in the satellite acquisition control method of the present invention includes an offset adjustment step for correcting the offset value of the frequency deviation at the time of manufacture, and the offset adjustment step corrects the offset value of the piezoelectric vibrator and is corrected. The satellite acquisition step acquires the satellite based on the oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator obtained by the offset value.

Furthermore, the offset adjusting means used in the satellite acquisition control method of the present invention is characterized by comprising a step of varying the capacitance of the oscillation capacitor of the oscillation circuit including the piezoelectric vibrator.

1 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a piezoelectric oscillator in a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of the piezoelectric oscillator of 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the flow of the data between a piezoelectric oscillator and a temperature variable apparatus (constant temperature chamber) for implementing the adjustment process of a piezoelectric oscillator in the flowchart of FIG. It is the perspective view which decomposed | disassembled the package of the piezoelectric oscillator shown in FIG. 1, and showed the internal structure. It is a figure which shows an example of the data written in the memory of each piezoelectric oscillator by the data processing shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of temperature coefficient data and offset data stored in the memory of the piezoelectric oscillator according to the first embodiment. It is a figure explaining the operation | movement of the control circuit 9 in the piezoelectric oscillator 1 shown in FIG. 1 in detail. It is a figure which shows an example of the mode setting in the operation mode which the control circuit 9 shown in FIG. 7 performs. It is a block block diagram of the receiver which used the piezoelectric oscillator in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 10 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing in which the receiving apparatus shown in FIG. 9 determines a search frequency of a positioning signal. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the relationship between the frequency deviation of a piezoelectric oscillator, and acquisition time. It is a frequency-temperature characteristic figure which shows the relationship between the frequency deviation and temperature when a piezoelectric oscillator changes with time. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the process which correct | amends offset data corresponding to the secular change of the frequency deviation of a piezoelectric oscillator. It is a figure which shows an example of the piezoelectric oscillation circuit comprised by the C-MOS oscillation circuit. It is a figure which shows an example of the piezoelectric oscillation circuit comprised by the bipolar oscillation circuit. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of the piezoelectric oscillator in 2nd Embodiment. In the piezoelectric oscillator of 2nd Embodiment, it is a figure which shows an example of the circuit which added the offset adjustment part to the C-MOS oscillation circuit. In the piezoelectric oscillator of 2nd Embodiment, it is a figure which shows an example of the circuit which added the offset adjustment part to the bipolar oscillation circuit. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of the piezoelectric oscillator of 2nd Embodiment shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the data flow between a piezoelectric oscillator and a thermostat for implementing the adjustment process of a piezoelectric oscillator in the flowchart of FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the data creation figure written in the memory of each piezoelectric oscillator by the data processing shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram of temperature coefficient data, offset data, and offset correction data stored in the memory of the piezoelectric oscillator according to the second embodiment. It is a figure explaining the control circuit 9 operation | movement in the piezoelectric oscillator shown in FIG. 16 in detail. It is a figure which shows an example of the operation mode setting in the control circuit shown in FIG. This is a frequency deviation characteristic due to temperature changes of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator and the piezoelectric oscillator. It is a block diagram which shows the internal structure of the conventional temperature compensation type | mold piezoelectric oscillator. It is a characteristic figure of the frequency short-term stability in a piezoelectric oscillator and a temperature compensation type piezoelectric oscillator.

Hereinafter, several embodiments of a piezoelectric oscillator and a receiving apparatus using the piezoelectric oscillator according to the present invention will be described in detail. The present invention realizes a piezoelectric oscillator that improves the frequency characteristics by a piezoelectric oscillator SPXO that does not incorporate a temperature compensation circuit, and shortens the acquisition time of a positioning signal from a GPS satellite. In the following description, a piezoelectric oscillator that does not include a temperature compensation circuit is simply referred to as a piezoelectric oscillator.

In the present invention, when manufacturing a piezoelectric oscillator, offset information is stored in advance in a memory inside the piezoelectric oscillator as temperature characteristic information of the piezoelectric oscillator and an offset coefficient (E) indicating a frequency deviation of the oscillation frequency at a predetermined temperature. When the receiving device incorporating the piezoelectric oscillator captures the positioning signal of the GPS satellite, the temperature characteristic information and the offset information stored in the memory are read to calculate an accurate frequency deviation of the piezoelectric oscillator. Further, the search range of the signal from the satellite is offset based on the calculation result. As a result, the same effect as the improvement of the frequency accuracy of the piezoelectric oscillator as the reference oscillator can be obtained, and the difference between the frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator and the positioning signal of the GPS satellite can be reduced. Time can be shortened.

First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a piezoelectric oscillator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The piezoelectric oscillator 1 includes a piezoelectric oscillator IC 2 including a constant voltage circuit 5, an oscillation circuit 6, a temperature sensor 7, an A / D converter 8, a control circuit 9, and a memory 10, and a piezoelectric vibrator 4 that is a crystal vibrator. Configured and contained within one package.

The constant voltage circuit 5 has a function of maintaining a constant voltage Vreg and supplying it to the oscillation circuit 6 even if the power supply voltage Vcc fluctuates in order to prevent frequency fluctuations due to fluctuations in the power supply voltage reduction Vcc supplied from the outside. ing. Further, the temperature sensor 7 includes the oscillation unit 3 (particularly the piezoelectric vibrator 4) in the same package.
The temperature of the oscillation unit 3 is not controlled by this detection signal. As the temperature sensor 7, an IC temperature sensor or the like can be used. The IC temperature sensor is made in an IC chip and outputs temperature characteristics in the IC chip.

The memory 10 is composed of an electrically erasable E-PROM. The temperature coefficient data (A, B, C, D) of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 acquired when the piezoelectric oscillator 1 is manufactured and the piezoelectric with respect to the reference frequency. Frequency deviation Δ of the oscillation frequency at a predetermined temperature of the vibrator 4 (reference temperature T0: 25 ° C.)
Offset data (E) indicating f / f is stored in advance. The A / D converter 8 has a function of converting analog voltage or current output data output from the temperature sensor 7 into a digital value, and the control circuit 9 controls the reading and writing of data in the memory 10. A /
It has a function of controlling the reading of temperature data from the D converter 8.

As external terminals, a power supply terminal 14 for supplying a power supply voltage Vcc, an output terminal 15 for sending an output frequency fout for tracking the frequency of a positioning signal of a GPS satellite, and temperature data from the temperature sensor 7 to an external device. A control terminal 16 that controls reading and reading from and writing to the memory 10 and an I / O terminal 17 that reads and writes data from the memory 10 or reads temperature data from the temperature sensor 7 are provided. The component shown in FIG. 1 is formed as a one-chip IC as the piezoelectric oscillator IC 2 except for the piezoelectric vibrator 4, but can also be formed of discrete components.

The two data of the temperature coefficient data (A, B, C, D) and the offset data (E) are the temperature output from the temperature sensor 7 and the output frequency fout output from the piezoelectric oscillator 1 when the piezoelectric oscillator 1 is adjusted. Is generated as a temperature coefficient and stored in the memory 10, and becomes unique data for each piezoelectric oscillator. Therefore, unlike the prior art, there is no need to change the ambient temperature of the GPS receiver after the GPS receiver is assembled, and store correction data in the receiver or create a correction table. As a result, the frequency accuracy for capturing the positioning signal of the GPS satellite can be improved.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing manufacturing steps of the piezoelectric oscillator according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a data flow between the piezoelectric oscillator and the temperature variable device for performing the adjustment process of the piezoelectric oscillator in the flowchart of FIG. That is, FIG. 3 shows a data flow when the temperature characteristic data of the piezoelectric oscillator in the thermostat is obtained by changing the temperature of the temperature variable device (hereinafter referred to as the thermostat) in the adjustment process of the piezoelectric oscillator. The symbols and arrows indicate the type and flow of each data. 2 is input / output between the piezoelectric oscillator in the thermostat of FIG. 3 and the control computer,
Alternatively, the type of data written to the memory of the piezoelectric oscillator is also shown. The flow of data processing in the piezoelectric oscillator manufacturing process will be described below with reference to FIGS.

First, in the assembling process, the piezoelectric oscillator IC 2, the piezoelectric vibrator 4 and various terminals are mounted on a package and sealed to assemble a piezoelectric oscillator having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 (step S1).
. Here, an assembly configuration of the piezoelectric oscillator will be described.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the package of the piezoelectric oscillator shown in FIG. That is, the piezoelectric oscillator 1 shown in FIG. 1 is housed and assembled in the package 30 shown in FIG. A ceramic package housing 31 houses a piezoelectric oscillator IC 2 in which components other than the piezoelectric vibrator 4 are integrated. Furthermore, the terminal portion 40 of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is bonded to the package-side terminal portion 32 from the upper surface with a conductive adhesive. The lid 33, which is a metal lid, is placed on the piezoelectric oscillator 1. The wire bonding 34 in the figure is used to connect the terminal of the piezoelectric oscillator IC 2 to the terminal portion 32 and to an external terminal (not shown).

In the conventional GPS receiver, since the temperature sensor unit is disposed near the substrate on which the piezoelectric oscillator SPXO and the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO are mounted, a temperature offset occurs between the piezoelectric vibrator and the temperature sensor, and temperature detection is performed. There were drawbacks that were likely to cause errors.
However, according to the piezoelectric oscillator of the present invention having the structure shown in FIG. 4, the temperature sensor 7 shown in FIG. 1 is also housed in the same package as a component of the IC 2 for the piezoelectric oscillator. The physical distance to 7 can be made as short as possible. Therefore, the temperature difference between the piezoelectric vibrator 4 and the temperature sensor 7 can be reduced as much as possible, and almost accurate temperature detection can be performed. The package casing 31 is not limited to ceramic, and the same effect can be obtained even if it is made of plastic.

2 and 3, a plurality of piezoelectric oscillators 1 a, 2 a...
When the assembly of na is completed, the piezoelectric oscillator adjustment process starts. In the adjustment step, first, with the plurality of piezoelectric oscillators 1a, 2a... Na placed in the thermostatic chamber 12, the temperature in the thermostatic chamber 12 is set to the reference temperature (T0) by the control computer 13 (step S2). . Furthermore, in the adjustment step, the temperature of the thermostatic bath 12 is controlled by the control computer 13 to change the bath temperature.
The control computer 13 acquires characteristic data indicating the relationship between the temperature of the output frequency fout of the oscillating unit 3 and the temperature for each of the plurality of piezoelectric oscillators 1a, 2a... Na (step S3). That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the control computer 13 changes the temperature of the thermostatic chamber 12, acquires temperature data D31 and frequency fout1 from the piezoelectric oscillator 1a, and acquires temperature data D32 and frequency fout2 from the piezoelectric oscillator 2a. The temperature data D3 and the frequency fout of each of the piezoelectric oscillators 1a, 2a... Na are acquired, such as the temperature data D3n and the frequency foutn are acquired from the piezoelectric oscillator na.

Next, the control computer 13 changes each piezoelectric oscillator 1 while changing the temperature of the thermostatic chamber 12.
a, 2a... temperature coefficient data (A, B, C, D) and offset data (E) for calculating an approximate curve in the frequency temperature characteristics based on the characteristics of the temperature data D3 acquired from na and the frequency fout. Is calculated (step S4). At this time, the temperature measurement point may be equal to or greater than the minimum number of data (for example, 5 point data) required for the approximate calculation.

Here, if the reference temperature is T0, the measured temperature is T, and the frequency deviation due to temperature change is Δf / f, the temperature coefficient data (A, B, C, D) and offset data ( E) is calculated as a coefficient shown in the following approximate expression (1).
Δf / f = A (T-T0) ⁴ + B (T-T0) ³ + C (T-T0) ² + D (T-T0) + E (1)

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the control computer 13 performs temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D) and offset data D2 (E) by the least square method based on the acquired temperature data D3 and the frequency fout. ) And output to each piezoelectric oscillator 1a, 2a. FIG.
More specifically, the temperature coefficient data D11 and the offset data D21 are input to the piezoelectric oscillator 1a based on the coefficient calculation result by the least square method, and the piezoelectric oscillator 2a.
Temperature coefficient data D12 and offset data D22 are input to the piezoelectric oscillator na, and temperature coefficient data D1n and offset data D2n are input to the piezoelectric oscillator 1a. Offset data D2 is input. The temperature coefficient data D1 and offset data D input to each piezoelectric oscillator 1a, 2a.
2 is written as temperature coefficient data (A, B, C, D) and offset data (E) in each memory 10 in each piezoelectric oscillator (step S5).

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of data written to the memory of each piezoelectric oscillator by the data processing shown in FIG. For example, the control computer 13 uses the reference temperature T0 of 25 ° C., −45 ° C., −10 ° C., + 50 ° C., + 85 ° C. as measurement points for the piezoelectric oscillator 1a.
The temperature data D3 and the frequency data f at each temperature are acquired, and the temperature data D3 and the frequency data f are also acquired at the same measurement point for the piezoelectric oscillators 2a. Then, the control computer 13 calculates the temperature coefficient data D11 and the offset data D21 of the piezoelectric oscillator 1a by the least square method, and writes it to the memory 10 of the piezoelectric oscillator 1a. Similarly, for the piezoelectric oscillators 2a... Na, the respective temperature coefficient data and offset data are calculated and written to each memory 10.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of temperature coefficient data and offset data stored in the memory of the piezoelectric oscillator. The temperature coefficient data D1 and offset data D2 obtained in FIG. 5 are written as temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D) and offset data D2 (E) in the memory 10 of each piezoelectric oscillator 1a, 2a. Stored. These data are stored in each piezoelectric oscillator 1a.
2a... Individual data for each na.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining in detail the operation of the control circuit 9 in the piezoelectric oscillator 1 shown in FIG. The control circuit 9 includes a controller 91 that processes measured temperature data D3, calculated temperature coefficient data D1, and offset data D2, and a serial interface 92 that exchanges data with external devices. .

The M0 and M1 terminals of the serial interface 92 are terminals for determining the input / output mode, and the data input / output mode is changed according to the operation mode information input to the M0 and M1 terminals. The WR terminal is a terminal used when writing temperature coefficient data D1 and offset data D2 to the memory 10 or reading temperature coefficient data D1 and offset data D2 from the memory 10. The CLK terminal is an input terminal for a clock signal that determines the timing for inputting / outputting various data, and the DATA terminal is an input / output terminal for inputting / outputting various data. Through these terminals, when the piezoelectric oscillator is manufactured, various data are exchanged between the control computer 13 and the piezoelectric oscillator 1 shown in FIG. 3, and when the piezoelectric oscillator is used,
Various data is exchanged between the CPU of the receiving apparatus described later and the piezoelectric oscillator 1.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of operation mode setting in the control circuit shown in FIG. In the default state, both the input signals at the M0 and M1 terminals are set to “0”, and the operation mode is “data input / output inhibition mode”. First, at the time of manufacturing the piezoelectric oscillator, the control computer 1
3 sets both the input signals of the M0 and M1 terminals to “1” to set the operation mode to the “temperature data read mode”. On the other hand, the control computer 13 reads the temperature data D3 via the temperature sensor 7, the A / D converter 8 and the control circuit 9, and measures the frequency fout. Next, the control computer 13 performs an approximate calculation by the least square method to obtain temperature coefficient data (A, B, C).
, D) and offset data (E). Next, the input signal at the M0 terminal is set to “0”, the input signal at the M1 terminal is set to “1”, and the operation mode is set to the “memory write mode”. The control computer 13 then determines the determined temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D) and offset data D.
2 (E) is written to the memory 10.

Next, when using the piezoelectric oscillator mounted on the receiving apparatus, when the power is turned on, the input signal at the M0 terminal is set to “1”, the input signal at the M1 terminal is set to “0”, and the operation mode is set to the “memory read mode”. . Then, the temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D) recorded in the memory 10
And the offset data D2 (E) are read by the control circuit 9 and transferred to the CPU of the receiving device via the I / O terminal 17. Further, the input signal at the M0 terminal is “1”, the input signal at the M1 terminal is “1”, and the operation mode is set to the “temperature data read mode”. by this,
Temperature data (D3) when using the piezoelectric oscillator is detected by the temperature sensor 7,
The data is transmitted to the CPU of the receiving apparatus via the A / D converter 8, the control circuit 9, and the I / O terminal 17.

As a result, the CPU of the receiving apparatus uses the temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D), the offset data D2 (E), and the temperature data (D3), and the approximate calculation formula shown in the formula (1). The frequency deviation from the reference value of the output frequency fout output from the piezoelectric oscillator is calculated, and the search range of the signal from the satellite is offset by the frequency deviation. As a result, GP
The frequency range for searching for the S satellite can be narrowed.

When the piezoelectric oscillator 1 is used, by setting the input signal of the M0 terminal to “0”, the input signal of the M1 terminal to “1”, and setting the operation mode to “memory write mode”, the CPU of the receiving device The offset data D2 ′ (E ′) generated by the aging of the piezoelectric oscillator is used as the piezoelectric oscillator 1.
The offset data D2 (E) at the time of manufacture can be updated to D2 ′ (E ′).

FIG. 9 is a block configuration diagram of a receiving apparatus using the piezoelectric oscillator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This receiving apparatus has an antenna 21 for receiving a positioning signal from a GPS satellite.
And an RF (Radio Frequency) circuit 22 that converts and amplifies the frequency of the received positioning signal.
A signal processing circuit 23 that demodulates a signal from the RF circuit and performs predetermined signal processing, the piezoelectric oscillator 24 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the operation control of the signal processing circuit 23, and the piezoelectric oscillator 24 The CPU 25 performs data processing, and the display unit 26 displays positioning data, positioning results, and the like based on data from the CPU 25.

The RF circuit 22 includes a PLL, a mixer, and an amplifier. Based on the positioning signal from the GPS satellite and the output frequency fout from the piezoelectric oscillator 24, the frequency of the positioning signal is changed from RF to IF (Int
ermediate Frequency) and input to the signal processing circuit 23. The signal processing circuit 23
Based on the positioning signal converted into the IF frequency and the output frequency fout output from the piezoelectric oscillator 24, the positioning signal from the GPS satellite is demodulated and input to the CPU 25.

Based on information from the CPU 25, the signal processing circuit 23 changes the frequency range for capturing the positioning signal from the GPS satellite, that is, the search range. This search range includes temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D) and offset data D recorded in the memory 10 of the piezoelectric oscillator.
Based on 2 (E), the CPU 25 determines the frequency deviation information obtained by calculation using the approximate calculation formula shown in the formula (1). That is, the satellite capturing means for matching the positioning signal frequency of the GPS satellite and the oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator, which is a feature of the present invention, is constituted by the RF circuit 22, the signal processing circuit 23, and the CPU 25.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing in which the receiving apparatus shown in FIG. 9 determines the search frequency of the positioning signal. The flowchart of FIG. 10 will be described with reference to the flow of each data shown in the receiving apparatus of FIG. First, when the power of the receiving device is turned on (step S11), CP
U25 reads the temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D) and the offset data D2 (E) from the memory of the piezoelectric oscillator 24 (step S12). Further, the CPU 25 reads the temperature data D3 from the temperature sensor of the piezoelectric oscillator 24, and obtains the current temperature T (step S13). And CPU25, temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D),
The offset data D2 (E), the current temperature T, and the reference temperature T0 are substituted into the above equation (1), and the frequency deviation (Δf / f) of the piezoelectric oscillator 24 at the current temperature T is calculated (step S14). .

Next, based on the calculation result of the frequency deviation, the frequency range for searching for the signal from the satellite is offset (step S15), and then the positioning signal of the GPS satellite is searched. (Step S16).

Thus, since the frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator 24 is shifted in advance to the vicinity of the positioning signal frequency of the GPS satellite and then the frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator 24 is swept to match the frequency of the positioning signal of the GPS satellite. Can narrow the frequency range to search for,
As a result, the capture time can be significantly reduced. That is, the same effect as that obtained by improving the frequency accuracy of the piezoelectric oscillator using the temperature compensation circuit can be obtained. FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the frequency deviation (Δf / f) of the piezoelectric oscillator and the capture time. As shown in FIG. 11, the frequency deviation of the piezoelectric oscillator is substantially proportional to the acquisition time, and it can be seen that the acquisition time can be shortened by reducing the frequency deviation.

By the way, the oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator tends to change with aging. FIG. 12 is a frequency-temperature characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the frequency deviation and temperature when the frequency deviation of the piezoelectric oscillator changes over time. As shown in the frequency-temperature characteristic diagram of FIG. 12, the offset value of the oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator also changes with the passage of time due to aging. That is, an error occurs between the calculated value of the frequency deviation obtained by the approximate calculation formula (1) and the actual frequency fout. As a result, there are problems that the satellite acquisition time increases and the satellite cannot be acquired.
For example, at the time of manufacturing the piezoelectric oscillator, the frequency deviation at the reference temperature T0 has zero offset data E (herein referred to as an offset value) as in the characteristic (a).

However, with the passage of time, the original characteristic (a) changes to the characteristic (b) or the characteristic (c). In the characteristic (b), the offset value is E + ΔE, and in the characteristic (c), the offset value is E−ΔE. For this reason, the frequency deviation at the reference temperature T0 is the characteristic (b).
In this case, + ΔE, and in the case of characteristic (c), −ΔE. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to compensate for changes in frequency deviation due to aging of the piezoelectric oscillator.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing for correcting the offset data corresponding to the secular change of the frequency deviation of the piezoelectric oscillator. First, according to the flowchart of FIG. 10 described above, when the acquisition of the positioning signal of the GPS satellite is completed and positioning is possible (step S21).
), The CPU 25 calculates the difference between the frequency offset at the time of acquisition completion and the calculated value of the frequency deviation obtained by the approximate expression (1) (step S22), and based on this difference, the reference An offset error (± ΔE) with respect to the temperature is obtained (step S23). Then CPU2
In the arithmetic processing of 5, the offset error (± ΔE) is added to or subtracted from the offset data E stored in the memory of the piezoelectric oscillator 24 to obtain the offset data E ′ (= E ± ΔE). It is rewritten with new offset data E ′ (= E ± ΔE) and stored in the memory of the piezoelectric oscillator 24 (step S24).

As a result, the frequency deviation (Δf / f) when the offset data is E is the above equation (1
), But when the offset data changes to E ′ (= E ± ΔE) due to secular change, the temperature coefficient data A, B, C, and D hardly change, so the frequency deviation at the time of secular change ( Δf / f) ′ can be obtained by replacing E with E ′ as in equation (2).
(Δf / f) ′ = A (T−T0) ⁴ + B (T−T0) ³ + C (T−T0) ² + D (T−T0) + E ′ (2)

That is, the offset error (± ΔΔ) with respect to the initial offset data E due to secular change.
When E) occurs, new offset data E ′ (= E ± ΔE) taking into account this offset error (± ΔE) is calculated, E is updated to E ′, and rewritten in the memory of the piezoelectric oscillator 24 By compensating for the offset change due to secular change, the oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator can be matched with the frequency of the positioning signal of the GPS satellite. In the above embodiment, the expression (1
) And equation (2), the temperature characteristic curve is approximated by a quartic equation, but the same effect can be obtained by approximating it by a cubic equation or a quintic equation or higher.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a piezoelectric oscillation circuit configured by a C-MOS oscillation circuit.
That is, this is a circuit configuration in which the oscillation circuit 6 including the piezoelectric vibrator 4 shown in FIG. 1 is realized by a C-MOS oscillation circuit. Since this circuit is a commonly used piezoelectric oscillation circuit, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. However, a Colpitts oscillation circuit is constituted by a resistor, a capacitor and an inverter IC to drive the piezoelectric vibrator 4 and drive the inverter IC at the output stage. Thus, the output frequency fout of a predetermined frequency is taken out by isolation and waveform shaping. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a piezoelectric oscillation circuit configured by a bipolar oscillation circuit. That is, this is a circuit configuration in which the oscillation circuit 6 including the piezoelectric vibrator 4 shown in FIG. 1 is realized by a bipolar oscillation circuit. Since this circuit is also a commonly used piezoelectric oscillation circuit, a detailed description thereof is omitted, but the piezoelectric vibrator 4 is driven to be excited by an oscillation circuit unit including transistors Q1 and Q2, a resistor, a capacitor, and the piezoelectric vibrator 4. The output frequency fout is taken out.

Second Embodiment FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a piezoelectric oscillator according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the piezoelectric oscillator of the second embodiment and that of the first embodiment is that an offset adjusting unit 11 is added to correct the initial frequency deviation of the piezoelectric oscillator 1. The piezoelectric oscillator IC 2 includes a constant voltage circuit 5, an oscillation circuit 6, a temperature sensor 7, an A / D converter 8, a control circuit 9, a memory 10, and an offset adjustment unit 11 that corrects initial frequency deviations of the piezoelectric oscillator 1. It is composed of

In the following, the description overlapping the first embodiment will be avoided as much as possible, and the operation of the offset adjustment unit 11 will be mainly described. When the piezoelectric oscillator 1 is manufactured, the offset adjusting unit 11 corrects the initial frequency deviation of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 at room temperature. At this time, the data used for correcting the frequency deviation is stored in the memory 10 as offset correction data (F), and is rewritten after manufacturing together with the temperature coefficient data (A, B, C, D) and offset data (E). Stored as eigenvalues that do not. When the piezoelectric oscillator 1 is incorporated in a receiving device and used, the offset correction data (F) is read to correct the offset at room temperature to a value close to zero and the temperature coefficient data (A, B, C, D). Then, the frequency range in which the signal from the satellite is captured is offset by the approximate calculation formula in the above formula (1) using the offset data (E). In the first embodiment, the offset frequency at room temperature varies within a range of about ± 20 ppm. However, according to the second embodiment, the offset frequency at room temperature can be within ± 0.2 ppm, so that signal processing is performed. The circuit 23 can be easily designed.

The offset adjustment unit 11 can be realized by configuring a capacitor array group by connecting capacitors constituting the vibration circuit of the piezoelectric vibrator 4 in parallel. FIG. 17 shows an offset adjustment unit 11 in the C-MOS oscillation circuit in the piezoelectric oscillator according to the second embodiment of the invention.
It is an example of the circuit which added. FIG. 18 is an example of a circuit in which the offset adjustment unit 11 is added to the bipolar oscillation circuit in the piezoelectric oscillator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 17 and 18, a series of capacitors C1, C2,... Cn and switches SW1, SW2,... SWn are connected in parallel to the Colpitts capacitor C0 connected to the piezoelectric vibrator 4 to form a capacitor array group. is doing.

Based on the temperature information from the temperature sensor 7, the control circuit 9 switches the switches SW1, SW2,.
Since n is sequentially turned ON / OFF, the number of capacitors C1, C2,... Cn connected in parallel changes according to temperature information. Therefore, since the frequency deviation at normal temperature can be varied, the offset amount of the frequency for searching for a signal from the satellite at normal temperature can be reduced. By adding such an offset adjustment unit 11, the frequency deviation at the time of manufacture is ± 0.
. Since it can be 2 ppm or less, the frequency offset range required when designing the signal processing circuit 23 can be reduced, and the design of the signal processing circuit is facilitated. Note that the capacitors C1, C2,... Cn constituting the capacitor array group have a weighted capacitance value, so that frequency adjustment with high accuracy can be performed with a smaller number of capacitors.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing manufacturing steps of the piezoelectric oscillator according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 20 is a conceptual diagram showing a data flow between the piezoelectric oscillator and the control computer for adjusting the piezoelectric oscillator in the flowchart of FIG. First, in the assembly process, the piezoelectric oscillator IC 2, the piezoelectric vibrator 4, various terminals, and the like are mounted and sealed in a package, and the piezoelectric oscillator having the configuration shown in FIG. 16 is assembled (step S31).

Next, the piezoelectric oscillator adjustment process is started, a plurality of piezoelectric oscillators 1a, 2a... Na are placed in a thermostatic chamber, and then the temperature in the chamber is set to room temperature (25 ° C.). The offset correction data D4 (F) of the offset adjustment unit 11 is sent to the piezoelectric oscillator so that the frequency deviation at room temperature is minimized. Next, based on the offset correction data D4 (F), the piezoelectric vibrator 4 performs frequency adjustment at room temperature (step S3).
2). Specifically, the control circuit 9 in the piezoelectric vibrator 4 performs ON / OFF control of the switches SW1, SW2,... SWn in FIG. 17 or 18 based on the offset correction data D4 (F), and the Colpitts capacitor C0. The frequency is adjusted by adjusting the number of capacitors C1, C2,.

After performing such adjustment, the temperature of the thermostatic chamber 12 is changed, and each piezoelectric oscillator 1a, 2a is changed.
... Na frequency-temperature characteristics are acquired (step S33). That is, as shown in FIG. 20, the control computer 13 changes the temperature of the thermostatic chamber 12, acquires temperature data D31 and frequency fout1 from the piezoelectric oscillator 1a, and temperature data D32 and frequency fout2 from the piezoelectric oscillator 2a.
And temperature data D3n and frequency foutn are obtained from the piezoelectric oscillator na. Generally speaking, the control computer 13 acquires the temperature data D3 and the frequency fout of each piezoelectric oscillator 1a, 2a... Na.

Next, based on the characteristics of the temperature data D3 and the frequency fout acquired from the piezoelectric oscillators 1a, 2a... Na, the control computer 13 performs an approximate calculation by the least square method to obtain the temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D) and offset data D2 (E) are calculated (step S34).
).

Next, as shown in FIG. 20, the control computer 13 calculates the calculated temperature coefficient data D1 (
A, B, C, D) and offset correction data D4 (F) together with offset data D2 (E)
Are input to each piezoelectric oscillator 1a, 2a... Na. More specifically, referring to FIG. 20, temperature coefficient data D11, offset data D21 and offset correction data D41 are input to the piezoelectric oscillator 1a, and temperature coefficient data D12 and offset data D2 are input to the piezoelectric oscillator 2a.
2 and offset correction data D42 are input, and temperature coefficient data D1n is input to the piezoelectric oscillator na.
And offset data D2n and offset correction data D4n are input. Generally speaking, temperature coefficient data D1, offset data D2, and offset correction data D4 are input to each piezoelectric oscillator 1a, 2a... Na. Next, each piezoelectric oscillator 1a, 2a ... n
temperature coefficient data D1, offset data D2, and offset adjustment data D4 input to a
Are written in each memory 10 as temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D), offset data D2 (E), and offset correction data D4 (F) (step S35).

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of data written to the memory of each piezoelectric oscillator by the data processing shown in FIG. For example, the control computer 13 uses the reference temperature T0 of 25 ° C., −45 ° C., −10 ° C., + 50 ° C., +8 as measurement points for the piezoelectric oscillator 1a.
The temperature data D3 and frequency data f at each temperature of 5 ° C. are acquired, and the piezoelectric oscillator 2a.
Also, temperature data D3 and frequency data f are acquired at the same measurement point. Then, the control computer 13 calculates the temperature coefficient data D11 and the offset data D21 of the piezoelectric oscillator 1a by the approximate calculation formula shown in the equation (1) and writes the temperature coefficient data D11 and the offset data D21 to the memory 10 of the piezoelectric oscillator 1a. Write to. Similarly, the piezoelectric oscillator 2
Also for a ... na, the respective temperature coefficient data D12 ... D1n and offset data D2
2 ... D2n and offset correction data D42 ... D4n are written to each memory 10.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of temperature coefficient data D1, offset data D2, and offset correction data D4 stored in the memory of the piezoelectric oscillator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. That is, the temperature coefficient data D1, the offset data D2, and the offset correction data D4 are:
Temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D), offset data D2 (E), and offset correction data D4 (F) are written and stored in the memory 10 of each piezoelectric oscillator 1a, 2a. These data become individual data for each piezoelectric oscillator 1a, 2a.

FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining in detail the operation of the control circuit 9 in the piezoelectric oscillator shown in FIG. The control circuit 9 includes a controller 91 that processes the measured temperature data D3, the calculated temperature coefficient data D1, the offset data D2, and the offset correction data D4, and a serial interface 92 that exchanges data with an external device. It is constituted by.

The M0 and M1 terminals of the serial interface 92 are terminals for determining the input / output mode, and the data input / output mode is changed according to the operation mode information input to the M0 and M1 terminals. The WR terminal is a terminal used when temperature coefficient data D1, offset data D2, and offset correction data D4 are written to the memory 10 or when temperature coefficient data D1, offset data D2, and offset correction data D4 are read from the memory 10. The CLK terminal is an input terminal for a clock signal that determines the timing for inputting / outputting various data, and the DATA terminal is an input / output terminal for inputting / outputting various data. Through the terminals, various data are exchanged between the control computer 13 and the piezoelectric oscillator 1 shown in FIG. 3 when the piezoelectric oscillator is manufactured. When the piezoelectric oscillator is used, the C of the receiving device described later is used.
Various data is exchanged between the PU and the piezoelectric oscillator 1.

FIG. 24 shows an example of operation mode setting in control circuit 9 shown in FIG. In the default state, both the input signals at the M0 and M1 terminals are set to “0”, and the operation mode is “data input / output inhibition mode”. First, at the time of manufacturing the piezoelectric oscillator, the control computer 13 sets both the input signals of the M0 and M1 terminals to “1” and sets the operation mode to the “temperature data reading mode”. On the other hand, the control computer 13 reads the temperature data D3 via the temperature sensor 7, the A / D converter 8 and the control circuit 9, and measures the frequency fout. Next, the control computer 13 performs an approximate calculation by the least square method to obtain temperature coefficient data (A, B
, C, D) and offset data (E) are determined. Next, the input signal of the M0 terminal is set to “0”, M
The input signal at one terminal is set to “1”, and the operation mode is set to “memory write mode”. Then, the control computer 13 writes the determined temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D), offset data D2 (E), and offset correction data D4 (F) in the memory 10.

Next, when using the piezoelectric oscillator mounted on the receiving apparatus, when the power is turned on, the input signal at the M0 terminal is set to “1”, the input signal at the M1 terminal is set to “0”, and the operation mode is set to the “memory read mode”. . Then, the temperature coefficient data D1 (A, B, C, D) recorded in the memory 10
The offset data D2 (E) and the offset correction data D4 (F) are read by the control circuit 9 and transferred to the CPU of the receiving device via the I / O terminal 17. In addition, M
The input signal at the 0 terminal is “1”, the input signal at the M1 terminal is “1”, and the operation mode is set to the “temperature data read mode”. As a result, temperature data (D
3) is detected by the temperature sensor 7 and transmitted to the CPU of the receiving device via the A / D converter 8, the control circuit 9, and the I / O terminal 17.

As a result, the CPU of the receiving apparatus performs temperature data (D3) and offset correction data D4.
(F) corrects the frequency deviation at room temperature, and uses temperature coefficient data D1 (A,
B, C, D), offset data D2 (E) and temperature data (D3),
The frequency deviation from the reference value of the output frequency fout output from the piezoelectric oscillator is calculated by the approximate calculation formula shown in 1), and the search range of the signal from the satellite is offset by the frequency deviation. Thereby, the frequency range for searching for GPS satellites can be narrowed.

When the piezoelectric oscillator 1 is used, by setting the input signal of the M0 terminal to “0”, the input signal of the M1 terminal to “1”, and setting the operation mode to “memory write mode”, the CPU of the receiving device The offset data D2 ′ (E ′) generated by the aging of the piezoelectric oscillator is used as the piezoelectric oscillator 1.
The offset data D2 (E) at the time of manufacture can be updated to D2 ′ (E ′) in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above.

In this way, by correcting the frequency deviation at normal temperature during operation of the piezoelectric oscillator,
The amount of frequency offset can be reduced, and the signal processing circuit of the GPS receiver can be easily designed.

The embodiment described above is an example for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the invention. For example,
Although the MOS oscillation circuit and the bipolar oscillation circuit are cited as the oscillation circuit of the piezoelectric vibrator, the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to any oscillation circuit. .

(The invention's effect)
As described above, by using the piezoelectric oscillator according to the present invention, the frequency of the reference oscillator can be adjusted to the reference level more accurately than the conventional receiver using the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO. Therefore, the frequency search range for supplementing the positioning signal of the GPS satellite can be narrowed, and the supplementary time of the positioning signal can be further shortened.
In addition, since frequency correction can be performed for frequency changes due to secular changes or the like, the acquisition time can be shortened over a long period of time. Furthermore, since the piezoelectric oscillator according to the present invention does not perform temperature compensation, a temperature characteristic adjustment process at the time of manufacture like the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO becomes unnecessary. In addition, since components other than the piezoelectric vibrator can be made into an IC and a temperature compensation circuit is not required, the size can be reduced, so that the cost of the piezoelectric oscillator can be reduced. In addition, since there is no temperature compensation circuit, the current consumption is reduced, so that the life of the battery built in the receiver can be extended.

Further, the frequency variation at the time of manufacturing the piezoelectric oscillator is usually about ± 20 ppm, but according to the piezoelectric oscillator of the present invention, the initial frequency variation of each piezoelectric oscillator can be corrected by the offset adjusting means. As a result, the frequency variation of the piezoelectric oscillator is ± 0.
It is possible to ship the product while suppressing it to about 2 ppm. Furthermore, temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCX
In O, the short-term stability of the frequency deteriorates due to noise generated from the temperature compensation circuit and adversely affects the reception sensitivity when the receiving device receives a positioning signal from a GPS satellite. However, according to the piezoelectric oscillator of the present invention, the temperature Since there is no compensation circuit, it becomes an extremely low noise oscillator, and good frequency short-term stability can be obtained. FIG. 27 shows a piezoelectric oscillator SPXO and a temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator T.
It is the schematic which shows the frequency short-term stability in CXO. The frequency short-term stability on the vertical axis is a measure of frequency stability in the time domain, and the smaller this value, the higher the frequency stability. The averaging time on the horizontal axis indicates the time for measuring the frequency, that is, the average measurement time. As is apparent from the figure, the short-term frequency stability of the piezoelectric oscillator SPXO is better than that of the temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO. In the case of a piezoelectric oscillator, when the averaging time is 1 second, the short-term frequency stability is 1 × 10 ⁻¹⁰ or less, and this value is a good value as the noise level of the receiving apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a, 2a, na ... Piezoelectric oscillator, 2 ... Piezoelectric oscillator IC, 3 ... Oscillator, 4 ... Piezoelectric vibrator, 5 ... Constant voltage circuit, 6 ... Oscillator circuit, 7 ... Temperature sensor, 8 ... A / D Converter: 9 ... Control circuit, 10 ... Memory, 11 ... Offset adjustment unit, 12 ... Temperature variable device (constant temperature chamber), 13 ... Control computer, 21 ... Antenna, 22 ... RF circuit, 23 ... Signal processing circuit, 24 ... Piezoelectric oscillator, 25 ... CPU, 26 ... display unit, 30 ... package, 31 ... package housing, 32 ...
Terminal part, 33 ... Lid, 40 ... Terminal part, 41 ... Temperature compensated piezoelectric oscillator TCXO, 42 ... T
IC for CXO, 43 ... temperature compensation circuit, 91 ... controller, 92 ... serial interface.

Claims (15)

In a piezoelectric oscillator that outputs a signal of a desired oscillation frequency using a piezoelectric vibrator and does not incorporate a temperature compensation circuit,
Temperature detecting means for detecting temperature information in the vicinity of the piezoelectric vibrator;
Storage means for storing an approximate curve coefficient for expressing an approximate curve representing a temperature change of the oscillation frequency deviation (Δf / f) indicating the deviation (Δf) of the frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator with respect to a reference frequency (f); ,
A piezoelectric oscillator comprising: control means for outputting temperature information from the temperature detection means and the approximate curve coefficient from the storage means. The approximate curve coefficient includes temperature coefficients A, B, C, and D that determine the frequency deviation curve, and an offset coefficient E that determines the offset of the frequency deviation curve,
The frequency deviation is Δf / f, the reference temperature is T0, the current temperature is T, the temperature coefficients are A, B, C, D,
If the offset coefficient is E,
The temperature coefficients A, B, C, D and the offset coefficient E are:
Δf / f = A (T-T0) ⁴ + B (T-T0) ³ + C (T-T0) ² + D (T-T0) + E (1)
2. The piezoelectric oscillator according to claim 1, wherein the current temperature is calculated by changing T in various ways. The offset coefficient E is E ′ (= E ± Δ) due to the change with time of the frequency characteristics of the piezoelectric oscillator.
E)
The frequency deviation Δf / f ′ after change over time is
Δf / f ′ = A (T−T0) ⁴ + B (T−T0) ³ + C (T−T0) ² + D (T−T0) + E ′ (2)
The piezoelectric oscillator according to claim 2, wherein the piezoelectric oscillator is calculated by the following formula. Furthermore, an offset adjustment means for correcting the offset value of the frequency deviation at the time of manufacture is provided,
4. The piezoelectric oscillator according to claim 1, wherein the offset adjustment unit corrects an offset value of the piezoelectric vibrator based on temperature information from the temperature detection unit. 5. The piezoelectric oscillator according to claim 4, wherein the offset adjusting unit is configured by a variable circuit that varies a capacitance of an oscillation capacitor of an oscillation circuit including the piezoelectric vibrator. Receiving device comprising: a piezoelectric oscillator that outputs a signal of a desired oscillation frequency using a piezoelectric vibrator and does not include a temperature compensation circuit; and a satellite capturing means that matches the frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator with the frequency of a positioning signal from a GPS satellite. In the device
The piezoelectric oscillator is
Temperature detection means for detecting temperature information in the vicinity of the piezoelectric vibrator, and a temperature change of the oscillation frequency deviation (Δf / f) indicating the deviation (Δf) of the frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator with respect to a reference frequency (f). Storage means for storing an approximate curve coefficient for expressing the approximate curve to be expressed, and control means for outputting the temperature information from the temperature detection means and the approximate curve coefficient from the storage means,
The satellite capturing means includes
Means for obtaining temperature information from the temperature detection means and approximate curve coefficient from the storage means, means for calculating a frequency deviation Δf / f at the current temperature, and corresponding to the frequency deviation from the GPS satellite A receiving apparatus comprising: a capturing unit that captures a satellite by offsetting a frequency range for searching for a positioning signal. The approximate curve coefficient of the piezoelectric oscillator used in the receiver includes temperature coefficients A, B, C, and D that determine the frequency deviation curve, and an offset coefficient E that determines the offset of the frequency deviation curve,
The frequency deviation is Δf / f, the reference temperature is T0, the current temperature is T, the temperature coefficients are A, B, C, D,
If the offset coefficient is E,
The temperature coefficients A, B, C, D and the offset coefficient E are:
Δf / f = A (T-T0) ⁴ + B (T-T0) ³ + C (T-T0) ² + D (T-T0) + E (1)
The receiving apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the current temperature is calculated by changing T in various ways. When the offset coefficient E changes to E ′ (= E ± ΔE) due to the change over time of the frequency characteristics of the piezoelectric oscillator used in the receiver,
The satellite acquisition means is based on a new offset coefficient E ′
The frequency deviation Δf / f ′ after the change over time is
Δf / f ′ = A (T−T0) ⁴ + B (T−T0) ³ + C (T−T0) ² + D (T−T0) + E ′ (2)
Calculate with the formula
8. The receiving apparatus according to claim 7, wherein a satellite is acquired by offsetting a frequency range in which a positioning signal from the GPS satellite is searched corresponding to the frequency deviation Δf / f ′. Furthermore, the piezoelectric oscillator used in the receiving device comprises an offset adjusting means for correcting the offset value of the frequency deviation at the time of manufacture,
The offset adjustment unit corrects the offset value of the piezoelectric vibrator based on temperature information from the temperature detection unit,
9. The receiving device according to claim 6, wherein the satellite capturing unit captures a satellite based on an oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator obtained by the corrected offset value. The receiving apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the offset adjusting means used in the receiving apparatus is configured by a variable circuit that varies a capacitance of an oscillation capacitor of an oscillation circuit including the piezoelectric vibrator. A piezoelectric oscillator that outputs a signal of a desired oscillation frequency using a piezoelectric vibrator and does not include a temperature compensation circuit, and a satellite that offsets a frequency range for searching for a positioning signal from a GPS satellite according to the frequency deviation of the piezoelectric oscillator. In a satellite acquisition control method for controlling satellite acquisition of a receiving device including acquisition means,
The piezoelectric oscillator is
A temperature detecting step for detecting temperature information in the vicinity of the piezoelectric vibrator;
A storage step of storing an approximate curve coefficient for expressing an approximate curve representing a temperature change of the oscillation frequency deviation (Δf / f) indicating the deviation (Δf) of the oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator with respect to a reference frequency (f) When,
A control step of outputting temperature information from the temperature detection means and the approximate curve coefficient from the storage means; and the satellite acquisition means,
Obtaining temperature information from the temperature detection means and an approximate curve coefficient from the storage means;
Calculating a frequency deviation Δf / f at the current temperature;
A satellite acquisition step for acquiring a satellite by offsetting a frequency range in which the piezoelectric oscillator searches for a positioning signal from the GPS satellite in accordance with the frequency deviation Δf / f. Method. The approximate curve coefficient of the piezoelectric oscillator used in the satellite acquisition control method includes temperature coefficients A, B, C, and D that determine the frequency deviation curve, and an offset coefficient E that determines the offset of the frequency deviation curve. ,
The frequency deviation is Δf / f, the reference temperature is T0, the current temperature is T, the temperature coefficients are A, B, C, D,
If the offset coefficient is E,
The temperature coefficients A, B, C, D and the offset coefficient E are:
Δf / f = A (T-T0) ⁴ + B (T-T0) ³ + C (T-T0) ² + D (T-T0) + E (1)
The satellite acquisition control method according to claim 11, wherein the current temperature is calculated by changing T in various ways. When the offset coefficient E changes to E ′ (= E ± ΔE) due to the change over time in the frequency characteristics of the piezoelectric oscillator used in the satellite acquisition control method,
The satellite acquisition means is based on a new offset coefficient E ′
The frequency deviation Δf / f ′ after the change over time is
Δf / f ′ = A (T−T0) ⁴ + B (T−T0) ³ + C (T−T0) ² + D (T−T0) + E ′ (2)
The step of calculating with the formula of
The satellite acquisition step of acquiring a satellite by offsetting a frequency range in which a positioning signal from the GPS satellite is searched corresponding to the frequency deviation Δf / f ′. Satellite acquisition control method. Furthermore, the piezoelectric oscillator used in the satellite acquisition control method includes an offset adjustment step for correcting an offset value of a frequency deviation at the time of manufacture,
The offset adjustment step corrects an offset value of the piezoelectric vibrator,
The satellite acquisition control according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the satellite acquisition step acquires a satellite based on an oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric oscillator obtained with the corrected offset value. Method. 15. The satellite acquisition control method according to claim 14, wherein the offset adjustment means used in the satellite acquisition control method includes a step of varying a capacitance of an oscillation capacitor of an oscillation circuit including the piezoelectric vibrator.

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