JP2010084053A - Carbonized material producing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonized material producing apparatus that efficiently recovers pulverized coal. <P>SOLUTION: The carbonized material producing apparatus 1 includes a carbonized material generating section 2 for heating an objective substance comprising an organic waste to generate a carbonized material and a cooling section 3 for spraying water to the carbonized material T obtained in the carbonized material generating section 2 and cooling the carbonized material, and the apparatus recovers the cooled carbonized material T. The apparatus includes a pulverized coal recovering section 4, in which a cyclone 42 is connected through a pipe 41 to the cooling section 3, pulverized coal H that is stirred up by steam generated in the cooling section 3 is sent together with the steam to the cyclone 42, and the pulverized coal H is separated from the steam by the cyclone 42 and recovered. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbide manufacturing apparatus that heats a carbonized material that is an organic waste to produce a carbide, and particularly has a cooling unit that sprays water on a high-temperature carbide and cools it. The present invention relates to a carbide manufacturing apparatus that collects pulverized coal.

  For organic waste such as manure stored in a barn, it is considered to use carbide for effective use. However, there is a problem that the carbide generated from the organic waste itself generates heat and burns while being stored. This is considered that carbide has a self-heating property, generates heat during storage, rises in temperature, and ignites when the temperature exceeds a certain temperature. Therefore, in the production of carbide, it is necessary to cool the produced carbide in order to suppress combustion due to this ignition.

In the carbide manufacturing apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 described below, an object to be carbonized introduced from a hopper is transferred by a conveyor and dropped onto a transfer conveyor of a carbonization furnace. The objects to be carbonized are sent so as to descend one stage at a time in the carbonization furnace by a transfer conveyor provided in a plurality of stages above and below. Since the inside of the carbonization furnace is heated by hot air generated by a burner, the object to be carbonized is carbonized while moving in the transfer conveyor. Since the generated carbide has a high temperature exceeding 350 ° C., it is then cooled through a cooling device, which includes cooling through a cooling jacket or cooling by spraying water directly on the carbide. Done.
JP 2001-192668 A

  However, indirect cooling through a cooling jacket has poor cooling efficiency, so that there is a drawback that the apparatus becomes large for sufficient cooling. Although spraying water onto the carbide has a high cooling effect, there is a problem that pulverized coal rises with rapid evaporation of water and flows back into the furnace. The pulverized coal that has flowed back into the furnace itself ignites as fuel, causing thermal runaway in the furnace, or burned in the furnace to become ash, which takes time and labor. End up. On the other hand, the pulverized coal that has passed through the cooling device without backflowing is discharged together with the lump carbide. However, as the carbonized product, it is necessary to distinguish between lump carbide and pulverized coal.

  Then, this invention aims at providing the carbide manufacturing apparatus which collect | recovers pulverized coal efficiently in order to solve this subject.

The carbide manufacturing apparatus of the present invention cools the carbide by spraying water onto the carbonized product part for heating the carbonized product of organic waste to produce the carbide, and the carbide obtained in the carbonized product part. A cooling unit for collecting the cooled carbide, a cyclone is connected to the cooling unit via a pipe, and the pulverized coal that rises with the water vapor generated in the cooling unit together with the water vapor A pulverized coal recovery unit is provided that collects pulverized coal that is sent to the cyclone and separated from water vapor by the cyclone.
In the carbide manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the pipe or the cyclone is one in which one or both of a heat insulating material and a heater are wound.

  According to the present invention, the object to be carbonized is heated to become a carbide in the carbonization generation part, which is sent to the cooling part to be cooled. At that time, since water is directly sprayed on the carbide in the cooling section, water vapor is generated and pulverized coal rises, but the pulverized coal is sucked into the cyclone through the pipe with the water vapor, and the swirl in the cyclone is swirled. The pulverized coal solid-gas separated by the flow is recovered. Further, in the present invention, pulverized coal is sent together with water vapor through the piping from the cooling section to the cyclone, but since the temperature of the piping and cyclone is maintained by a heat insulating material or a heater, the water vapor is not condensed. The pulverized coal can be efficiently recovered.

  Next, an embodiment of a carbide manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the carbide manufacturing apparatus of the present embodiment. In the carbide manufacturing apparatus 1, the accumulated manure discharged from a poultry house or the like is dried, and then carbonized by heating to generate carbides. And in this FIG. 1, the carbonization production | generation part 2 which makes carbide | carbonized_materials, such as manure stored after that drying, a carbide | carbonized_material, the cooling part 3 for cooling the carbide | carbonized_material produced | generated there, and the pulverized coal generated at the time of cooling are collect | recovered A pulverized coal recovery unit 4 is described.

  The carbonization production | generation part 2 was made to become a carbide | carbonized_material by heating and thermal decomposition, when the to-be-carburized material thrown into the hopper 11 is sent through the inside of the conveyors 13-16 for heating of the carbonization furnace 12 in order. It is. The heating conveyors 13 to 16 arranged in the vertical direction in this way are screw conveyors in which a cylindrical trough 21 is installed on the opposite wall surface of the carbonization furnace 12 and a screw 22 is inserted into the trough 21. That is, the heating conveyors 13 to 16 are configured as conveying means for conveying the object to be carbonized in the axial direction by the rotating screw 22.

  The screw 22 has a spiral blade formed in a spiral shape with a predetermined pitch on its rotating shaft, is supported by a bearing, and is configured to be rotated by a drive motor (not shown). Therefore, the conveyance speed of the carbide to be moved in the trough 21 can be adjusted by drive control of a drive motor (not shown). In such heating conveyors 13 to 16, troughs 21 arranged in the vertical direction are connected by a chute 25 so that the conveying direction is alternately switched from top to bottom. In addition, in this embodiment, although comprised by the four-stage heating conveyors 13-16, it is not limited to the number.

  Moreover, the heating production | generation part which sends hot air (hot air) from the downward direction to the conveyance part which consists of the conveyors 13-16 for a heating is comprised in the carbonization production | generation part 2. As shown in FIG. The heating unit is configured by a burner 19 in which a heating chamber 18 is provided in the lower part of the carbonization furnace 12 and a flame is injected into the heating chamber 18. The heat generated by the flame injected from the burner 19 is transmitted from the heating chamber 18 to the carbonization furnace 12, and the other heating conveyors 13 to 15 are also heated while directly heating the lowermost heating conveyor 16. . On the other hand, a recombustion furnace 20 is provided above the carbonization furnace 12 to burn and heat dry distillation gas that has not been burned in the carbonization furnace 12 and to thermally decompose the odor.

  In such a carbonization production | generation part 2, a to-be-carburized material is conveyed by rotating the screw 22 of the conveyors 13-16 for heating, and a to-be-carburized material carbonizes while moving the inside of the heated trough 21. FIG. At that time, combustible dry distillation gas is generated from the heated carbide. In the present embodiment, this dry distillation gas is used, and the dry distillation gas emitted from the gas outlets 23 of the heating conveyors 14 to 16 located at the lower stage is burned to form a flame, thereby heating each of the heating stages located at the upper stage. The conveyors 13 to 15 are heated. Accordingly, the heating conveyors 13 to 16 are provided with gas outlets 23 protruding from the upper surface of the trough 21, so that the dry distillation gas generated inside blows upward and becomes a flame by the surrounding heat.

  Therefore, in the carbide manufacturing apparatus 1, first, the object to be carbonized is put into a drier not shown to remove a certain amount of moisture, and then supplied to the carbonization generating unit 2. In the carbonization production | generation part 2, the to-be-carburized material thrown in from the hopper 11 is conveyed so that it may descend in order from the top to the conveyors 13-16 for heating arranged in an up-down direction. In the carbonization furnace 12, in addition to heating by the flame of the burner 19, dry distillation gas generated from the carbonized material blows out from the gas outlet 23 during the carbonization process, and becomes a flame at the heating temperature in the carbonization furnace 12. The conveyors 13 to 16 are heated. And the to-be-carburized substance carbonizes gradually, and the carbide | carbonized_material T is produced | generated when it passes the heating conveyor 16. FIG.

Since the carbide T has a high temperature of about 250 ° C. to 450 ° C., it burns when exposed to the outside air, so it needs to be cooled to a certain temperature. Therefore, in this embodiment, the high-temperature carbide T is cooled to a temperature at which it does not ignite even when it is exposed to the outside air through the cooling unit 3.
The cooling unit 3 includes two stages of cooling conveyors 31 and 32. Each of the cooling conveyors 31 and 32 is a screw conveyor in which a rotatable screw 36 is inserted into a cylindrical trough 35, and is configured as a conveying means that moves the carbide T in the axial direction by the rotating screw 36. Yes. And the cooling conveyors 31 and 32 are arrange | positioned up and down, and are mutually connected via the chute | shoot 37, and the rotary valve 29 is provided in the discharge port 32a in the cooling conveyor 32. As shown in FIG.

  The cooling conveyors 31 and 32 are installed in a cooling tank 33 through which the trough 35 flows. Therefore, in the cooling unit 3, the carbide T moving in the trough 35 is indirectly cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water. And in the cooling part 3 of this embodiment, water is further sprayed in the trough 35 in the shape of a mist, and it cools by applying water directly to the carbide | carbonized_material T. Therefore, a spray nozzle (not shown) is provided in the trough 35, and a water supply pipe 38 connected to a pump 39 is connected thereto.

  The water supply pipe 38 is branched in the middle, the water supply pipes 38a and 38b are connected to the cooling conveyors 31 and 32, respectively, and the flow rate control valve 43 is connected to the water supply pipe 38a connected to the upper cooling conveyor 31. Is provided. That is, in the present embodiment, a fixed amount of water is supplied from the pump 39, and the amount of water flowing through the water supply pipes 38a and 38b by adjusting the valve opening degree of the flow rate control valve 34, that is, the carbide T in the cooling conveyors 31 and 32. The amount of water sprayed can be adjusted.

  By the way, when water is sprayed on the carbide T having heat, water vapor is suddenly generated. In particular, in the cooling conveyor 31 in the upper stage, the pressure inside the trough 35 is increased, and the pulverized coal H rises in the inside. If the pulverized coal H remains as it is, a part of the pulverized coal H flows backward into the carbonization furnace 12 and ignites. Further, when the carbide T is discharged together with the carbide T from the discharge port 32a of the cooling conveyor 32, it is necessary to distinguish the lump of carbide T that becomes the carbonized product from the pulverized coal H. Furthermore, the cooling conveyor 31 is provided with a seal structure between the rotating shaft of the screw 36 and the trough 35. However, since the airtightness is not high, the pulverized coal H leaks to the outside together with the water vapor due to an increase in internal pressure. There is also a risk. Therefore, in the present embodiment, in consideration of such various problems, a pulverized coal recovery unit 4 that recovers the pulverized coal H generated in the cooling unit 3 is provided.

  In the pulverized coal recovery unit 4, a cyclone 42 is connected to the trough 35 of the cooling conveyor 31 via a pipe 41. The cyclone 42 is formed with a main body having a conical funnel portion 42b downward from a cylindrical portion 42a positioned above, and the inside thereof is hollow. The upper surface of the cylindrical portion 42 a is connected to an exhaust pipe 43, and a fan 44 for exhausting water vapor is provided at the tip of the cylindrical portion 42 a and connected to the exhaust system of the carbonization furnace 12. The pressure loss necessary for the cyclone 42 is obtained by the fan 44.

  The pulverized coal H and water vapor sent from the cooling unit 3 to the cyclone 42 are separated from each other by the swirling flow generated in the pulverized coal H, and the pulverized coal H falls through the funnel portion 42b and is collected. Therefore, the rotary valve 45 is attached to the lower end of the funnel portion 52, and the pulverized coal H falling by the rotation is accumulated in the collection container 46 placed below and collected. On the other hand, a bag filter (not shown) is installed in front of the exhaust pipe 43 so that the pulverized coal H sucked by the fan 44 is not exhausted together with the water vapor, and the pulverized coal H can be recovered there.

  When water vapor is generated on the cooling conveyor 31, the water vapor is sucked and flows to the pipe 41 due to the increase in internal pressure and the cyclone 42 having a negative pressure. Adhere to the inner wall of the pipe 41 And since the water droplet contains the pulverized coal H, when it dries, only the pulverized coal H remains in the pipe 41, and it accumulates and clogs the pipe 41. Therefore, the pipe 41 is provided with a heat insulating material or a heater such as a heating wire so as not to cause condensation. Further, both of them may be used. Furthermore, it is preferable to install a heat insulating material and a heater around the cyclone 42 in order to prevent condensation in the cyclone 42.

  Then, in such a carbide manufacturing apparatus 1, in the carbonization production | generation part 2, as above-mentioned, while a to-be-carbonized material passes the inside of the conveyors 13-16 for heating in order from the top, the flame by the burner 19 in the heating chamber 18 or The carbide T is heated by the flame of the dry distillation gas blown out from the respective heating conveyors 14 to 16 below. And the carbide | carbonized_material T is sent to the cooling part 3, and is cooled. In the cooling unit 3, the carbide T is deprived of heat by the cooling water while passing through the cooling conveyors 31 and 32 penetrating the cooling tank 33, and is directly cooled by the water sprayed in the trough 35. At that time, in the cooling conveyor 31 having a particularly high temperature, steam is generated and pulverized coal H rises.

  That is, when water is sprayed on the carbide T fed into the cooling conveyor 31, the water is instantly evaporated to cause a bumping phenomenon in which water vapor is generated. Therefore, the carbide T is crushed, for example, by being repelled by the water vapor, and the pulverized coal H that has become a fine powder rises. In the cooling conveyor 31, there is a pressure difference between both the carbonization furnace 12 and the cyclone 42, but since the cyclone 42 has a lower pressure, the pulverized coal H rising in the cooling conveyor 31 is piped together with steam. It is sucked into the cyclone 42 through 41.

  The water vapor flowing through the pipe 41 is fed into the cyclone 42 without condensation because the pipe 41 is maintained at a temperature by a heat insulating material or a heater. In the cyclone 42, solid gas separation is performed by the swirling flow generated inside, the solid pulverized coal H falls, and the gas water vapor is sucked upward by the fan 44. The fallen pulverized coal H is stored at the bottom of the funnel portion 42b, discharged by the rotation of the rotary valve 45, and accumulated in the collection container 46 placed therebelow. Further, the water vapor is sucked out of the cyclone 42 by the fan 44 and exhausted through the exhaust pipe 43. At that time, a bag filter in front of the exhaust pipe 43 is provided, where the pulverized coal H is stopped and collected.

  On the other hand, in the cooling unit 3, the carbide T is cooled through the cooling conveyors 31 and 32, and then sent out from the discharge port 32a and collected as a product. At that time, in the present embodiment, since the pulverized coal H is actively recovered using the cyclone 42, the carbide T to be a product has less pulverized coal H and is required for the work of separating the pulverized coal H compared to the conventional case. The effort has been greatly reduced. In other words, pulverized coal H is produced in a certain proportion of the entire carbide, but most of it can be recovered via the cyclone 42. The recovered pulverized coal H can be used as a ground improvement material or the like, like the carbide T, by adding moisture to pellets.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, a heat insulating material, a heater, etc. are provided in the piping 41, the dew condensation of water vapor | steam can be prevented, and the clogging of the piping 41 etc. can be avoided. Thereby, it becomes possible to reduce maintenance work due to clogging of the piping 41 without reducing the recovery capability of the pulverized coal H by the cyclone 42. And the recovery rate of pulverized coal H improves by installing a heat insulating material and a heater also in the cyclone 42, and preventing the dew condensation in the inside.

  As mentioned above, although one Embodiment was described about the carbide manufacturing apparatus and the carbide manufacturing method, this invention is not limited to this, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.

It is the conceptual diagram which showed embodiment of the carbide manufacturing apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carbide production apparatus 2 Carbonization production | generation part 3 Cooling part 4 Pulverized coal collection | recovery part 12 Carbonization furnace 13-16 Heating conveyor 31, 32 Cooling conveyor 38 (38a, 38b) Water supply pipe 41 Pipe 42 Cyclone T Carbide H Pulverized coal

Claims (2)

There is a carbonization generator for heating the carbonized material of organic waste to generate carbide, and a cooling unit for cooling the carbide by spraying water on the carbide obtained in the carbonization generator. In the carbide production device for recovering the cooled carbide,
A pulverized coal recovery unit that connects a cyclone to the cooling unit via a pipe, sends pulverized coal that soars with water vapor generated in the cooling unit together with water vapor to the cyclone, and collects the pulverized coal separated from water vapor by the cyclone. The carbide manufacturing apparatus characterized by having. In the carbide manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1,
The said piping or the said cyclone is a carbide | carbonized_material manufacturing apparatus characterized by the one or both of a heat insulating material and a heater being wound.

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