JP2010083810A - Method for producing extract - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing an extract having little raffinate and high concentration of a solid solute easily, efficiently and at a low cost. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing an extract includes filling a dry feed to be extracted in one or more solvent-permeable containers and extracting the solid solute by immersing the container in a solvent, wherein the volume of the container is smaller than that of the filled feed swollen by the solvent. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing an extract extract that extracts an extract component from an extract (for example, plant tissue), and in particular, a method for efficiently obtaining an extract extract having a high solid content with low residue contamination and low cost. About.

  Conventionally, when extracting an extract component from plant tissue, the plant tissue is put into an extraction tank as it is, and the extract component is extracted while stirring and heating as necessary using a solvent such as water or alcohol. (Patent Document 1). The plant tissue raw material used here is generally dried in advance in consideration of problems such as storage stability, that is, spoilage. Moreover, since the dried plant tissue has cells destroyed, the extraction efficiency of useful components can be improved.

  However, the dried plant tissue is very liquid-absorbing due to the high moisture content of the plant before drying, and swells by absorbing a large amount of the solvent used for extraction. For this reason, in extraction using a relatively small amount of extraction solvent, the amount of extract extract recovered is reduced, the amount of extract solids that is the residue after removal of the solvent from the extract extract is small, and the extraction rate of extract components There is a problem that becomes worse.

  In order to obtain a high extraction amount of the extract component, a large amount of extraction solvent of about 20 times the weight of the dried plant tissue is required. However, in that case, the extract solid content concentration in the extract extract decreases due to a large amount of the extraction solvent, and when concentrating the extract components, the energy cost for concentration increases and the concentration efficiency deteriorates. Problems arise.

  Moreover, after an extraction process, isolation | separation of a plant tissue and a residue is required, and cost becomes high. In general, a filter plate or the like is installed in the extraction tank, but there are problems that the apparatus becomes complicated and that the extraction tank needs to be cleaned and the cost is increased.

Japanese Patent No. 3841458

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an extract extract that can easily and efficiently obtain an extract extract having a high concentration of extract solids with little residue mixing.

As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventor used a small amount of extraction solvent when the dried extract was sealed in a container smaller than the swelling volume of the extract and extracted. Even in the case, a high extract extraction rate was obtained, and an extract extract having a high extract solid content concentration was successfully produced. In addition, it has been found that a particularly high extract extraction rate can be obtained when the extraction object is divided into a plurality of containers and extracted.
As a result of further studies based on these findings, the present inventor has completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) A method for producing an extract extract comprising enclosing a dried extract in one or more solvent-permeable containers, immersing the container in a solvent, and extracting the extract solids with a solvent, A method characterized in that the volume of the container is smaller than a swelling volume of the encapsulated extract by a solvent.
(2) The method according to (1), wherein the volume of the container is 0.6 to 0.9 times the swelling volume of the extract to be encapsulated.
(3) The method according to (1) or (2), wherein the extract is a plant tissue.
(4) The method according to (3), wherein the plant tissue is ginseng callus.
(5) A method for producing an extract solids concentrate, comprising concentrating an extract extract obtained by the method according to any one of (1) to (4) above.

  According to the present invention, an extract extract with a high extract solid content concentration can be obtained using a relatively small amount of an extraction solvent, so that the cost and labor required for concentration of the extract extract can be reduced, and it is easy. In addition, it is possible to provide a method for producing an extract extract that can be obtained efficiently and at low cost. Moreover, since the extract extract with little residue mixing is obtained, the post-extraction process can be simplified.

  The present invention is a method for producing an extract extract comprising enclosing a dried extract in one or more solvent-permeable containers and immersing the container in a solvent to extract the extract solids by solvent. The method is characterized in that the volume of the container is smaller than the swelling volume of the encapsulated extract by the solvent.

The extract in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it swells in a solvent, and examples thereof include plant tissues or animal materials. From the viewpoint of high swellability, a plant tissue is preferable, and examples of plant tissues include herbal medicines (acupuncture, magnolia, crust, licorice, ginger, oats, garlic, shredded sand, glaze, Toki, Kawakyu, Ground yellow, cocoon, cinnamon bark, cinnamon, carrots, ryoko, musk, bonito, opium, etc.), coffee, teas, fruits, cereals or roasted cereals (wheat etc.), spices, beans, nuts , Herbs and seaweeds.
Among them, dried herbal medicine is preferable, more preferably dried ginseng (ginseng, ginseng, chixetsu ginseng, American ginseng, ginseng, Siberian ginseng, etc.), particularly preferably dried ginseng. . As the plant tissue, callus cultured in a culture apparatus such as a fermenter can be preferably used.
The most preferable extract is a dried ginseng callus tissue-cultured.

The dried extract in the present invention is dried by sunlight, heat drying, hot air drying, vacuum drying, freeze drying, blow drying, or the like, and is preferably sun or hot air dried. For example, the ginseng itself slowly drys the ginseng itself or the callus obtained by tissue culture at a temperature of 30 to 90 ° C., more preferably 50 to 85 ° C., by sun or hot air drying. If drying is performed at a high temperature exceeding 90 ° C, the scent peculiar to ginseng may be lost or the contained active ingredient may be decomposed. Therefore, drying is performed at a low temperature of less than 30 ° C. And it takes a long time, so there is a risk of decay during drying.
The dried extract in the present invention has a water content of 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 2 to 10% by weight.
For example, the moisture content of ginseng (including callus) after drying is preferably 2 to 9% by weight, particularly 3 to 6% by weight from the viewpoint of drying cost and storage stability.

Further, the extract can be used as it is, but it is also possible to use a product that has been subdivided (cut, pulverized, etc.) into an appropriate size as long as the swellability of the extract by the solvent is not impaired. Thereby, the extraction rate of an extract component can be improved. For example, when using ginseng callus as an extract, callus having an average particle diameter of 500 to 20000 μm, preferably 1000 to 10,000 μm, obtained as it is or after being pulverized with a pulverizer or a stone mortar, is preferably used. Can be used.
Moreover, what is necessary is just to select the magnitude | size of to-be-extracted object according to the target extract component, when the extract component extracted according to the magnitude | size of an extract is different.

The solvent-permeable container in the present invention has solvent permeability and can enclose an extract, and its shape is not particularly limited. By encapsulating the extract in the container, it is possible to extract the extract component easily and efficiently because the mixture of residues is prevented and the swelling force of the extract with the solvent is suppressed. Examples of the solvent permeable container include a solvent permeable bag, a cage, and a cylinder, and a solvent permeable bag can be preferably used.
In the present invention, one or more solvent-permeable containers are used. It is preferable to increase the number of containers and divide the extraction object into a plurality of containers for extraction, thereby increasing the extraction rate of the extract component and enabling efficient extraction.

The material of the solvent-permeable container is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit the function of permeating the solvent, but cloth and mesh cloth are preferable because good solvent permeability can be obtained. Here, preferred examples of the mesh cloth include nylon mesh cloth, polyester mesh cloth, polyethylene mesh cloth, polypropylene mesh cloth, Teflon (registered trademark) mesh cloth, and metal mesh cloth (for example, stainless steel mesh cloth).
Among these, a single-layer nylon mesh cloth is particularly preferable because of excellent solvent permeability and chemical resistance.

  Further, the opening of the solvent-permeable container is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of efficient extraction, a coarse one is preferable to the extent that the residue of the extraction object does not leak from the opening, and is usually 5 to 5000 μm, Preferably it is 10-1000 micrometers.

  Further, it is preferable to enclose the extract in a solvent permeable container in such an amount that the extract does not tear off when the extract absorbs the solvent and swells. Therefore, the volume of the solvent-permeable container is smaller than the swelling volume of the extract to be normally enclosed from the viewpoint of efficiently extracting the extract component from suppressing the force of the extract to swell with the solvent. The swelling volume of the extract to be extracted is 0.35 to 0.98 times, and preferably 0.6 to 0.9 times.

Specifically, the volume of the container can be determined as follows.
For example, when the extract volume (dry plant tissue 10 g) has a swelling volume of 100 mL, when the extract component is extracted from a 60-90 mL container, dry plant tissue 100 kg, the swelling volume becomes 1000 L. A container having a volume of 0.6 to 0.9 times, that is, a volume of 600 to 900 L may be used.

Moreover, the swelling volume of the to-be-extracted object can be measured using the following method.
For example, a sufficient amount of extraction solvent is added to an extract (200 g of dry plant tissue) in a 200 mL graduated cylinder, and the mixture is stirred sufficiently to swell, then the graduated cylinder is allowed to settle and settle. Measure the apparent volume of plant tissue in the extraction solvent.
In the present invention, from the viewpoint of efficiently extracting the extract component, it is preferable that the extractables become 1.2 to 4 times, preferably 1.4 to 3 times the volume before swelling due to swelling. Specifically, in the case of ginseng, it is preferably 1.6 to 2.5 times the volume before swelling due to swelling.

  Moreover, as a solvent in this invention, although it changes also with to-be-extracted, water, methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol, 1, 3- butylene glycol, acetone, or those mixtures are mentioned, It is preferable to use water or ethanol. it can. Specifically, for ginseng, water or a water / ethanol 1: 1 mixture is preferred.

Further, the extraction conditions can be appropriately determined according to the type or amount of the extraction object. The extraction can be carried out at a temperature of 30 to 95 ° C., preferably 60 to 85 ° C., when the extraction is heated. Although extraction time changes with temperature, it can implement in 15 to 360 minutes, Preferably it is 30 to 90 minutes. The ratio of the extraction solvent to the extract can be 5 to 30 times, preferably 8 to 15 times the amount of the extraction solvent with respect to the weight of the extract.
As an example of preferable extraction conditions, it is preferable to add 10 times the amount of water as an extraction solvent with respect to the weight of the dried plant tissue as an extract, and heat the mixture to 80 ° C. for 1 hour.

In addition, the extraction operation can be performed any number of times, and when the extraction operation is performed a plurality of times, the extraction operation can be performed a plurality of times under the same extraction conditions (extraction temperature, extraction time, etc.). The extraction conditions can also be changed.
The extraction may be performed in a state where the container in which the extraction object is sealed is allowed to stand in the extraction solvent, but the extraction solvent may be stirred using the container. However, it is necessary to stir so that the container does not break. Alternatively, the extraction solvent may be circulated with a pump.
Since there is little residue mixing after the extraction operation, an extract extract can be obtained without particularly requiring a filtration step.

In the extract obtained by the method of the present invention, the volume of the solvent-permeable container is made smaller than the swelling volume of the extract to be enclosed, so that the force of swelling with the solvent of the extract is suppressed, and the extract solvent The amount of extract extract recovered relative to the amount added is high. For this reason, when it is desired to improve the extract solid content concentration, it is possible to reduce the amount of extraction solvent added, and it is possible to perform efficient extraction with a small amount of extraction solvent. As a result, the energy cost for concentration can be kept low.
In addition, the obtained extract extract may be concentrated after pre-filtering using a suitable filter medium, but it can be concentrated as it is because there is little contamination of the residue, and the process after extraction is simplified. Can do. Thereby, an extract can be provided at low cost.

As another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing an extract solids concentrate characterized in that the extract extract described above is concentrated.
Examples of the method for concentrating the extract in the present invention include heat concentration, reduced pressure concentration, spray concentration, vacuum concentration, and freeze concentration, and vacuum concentration and spray concentration are preferred.
The most preferable concentration method is vacuum concentration. For example, it is preferable to continuously supply the extract to a centrifugal thin film vacuum evaporator and perform concentration at an evaporation temperature of 70 to 85 ° C. under vacuum.
The extract solid concentrate in the present invention is prepared by concentrating the extract extract obtained by the present invention by the above-described concentration method so that the solid concentration is 40 to 80%.
The extract solids concentrate produced by the method of the present invention is used as a pharmaceutical preparation, cosmetics, food, etc. as it is or by carrying out formulation treatment, processing treatment, sterilization treatment, etc. together with appropriate carriers and additives. be able to.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. The present invention is not limited by these.

Example 1
As an extract, 7.5 g of dried ginseng callus (swelled volume of 10 g of dried product is 90 mL, moisture content of 3.5%, average particle size of 3000 μm) is filled in a bag made of nylon mesh with an opening of 180 μm. Sealed. Here, the volume of the bag is 48 mL (0.71 times the swelling volume of the dried product of 7.5 g of ginseng callus).
This filling material was put into a 300 mL glass beaker, 80 g of purified water was added thereto as an extraction solvent, and the beaker was immersed in a constant temperature water bath at 80 ° C. for extraction for 60 minutes.
After extraction, the extract extract was cooled to room temperature, and the weight of the cooled extract extract was measured (extract extract recovery amount).
Furthermore, 10 g of the extract extract filtered through a filter paper is taken into a weighing bottle, the water is evaporated to dryness in a thermostatic chamber at 105 ° C., and the weight of the dried product is measured, whereby the extract solid concentration in the extract extract and The amount of extract solid extract obtained from 7.5 g of dried ginseng callus was determined. Moreover, extract solid content extraction rate was calculated | required from the amount of extract solid extract with respect to 7.5 g of dried ginseng callus.

Example 2
7.5 g of dried ginseng callus used in Example 1 was filled in a nylon mesh bag with an opening of 180 μm in two bags and sealed. The volume of the bag is 24 mL (0.71 times the swelling volume of the dried product of 3.75 g of ginseng callus). Other than that was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 3
7.5 g of the dried ginseng callus used in Example 1 was filled into 2.5 bags of nylon mesh bags having an opening of 180 μm, and sealed in three bags. The volume of the bag is 16 mL (0.71 times the swelling volume of the dried product of 2.5 g of ginseng callus). Otherwise, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed.

Example 4
75 kg of dried ginseng callus (swelled volume of 10 g of dried product is 95 mL, moisture content 4%, average particle size 3000 μm) is packed into 18 bags of 4.2 kg each in a bag made of nylon mesh with an opening of 180 μm and sealed. Did. The volume of one bag is 35 L, which is 0.88 times the swelling volume of the dried ginseng callus [35000 ÷ (4200 ÷ 10 × 95) = 0.88].
This was put into a 1200 L stainless steel extraction tank, 800 kg of purified water was added thereto, and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C. and extracted for 60 minutes. At this time, the extraction solvent was circulated from the lower tank to the upper tank by a circulation pump.
After extraction, the extract extract was cooled to room temperature, and the weight of the cooled extract extract was measured.
Furthermore, 10 g of the extract extract filtered through a filter paper is placed in a weighing bottle, the water is evaporated to dryness in a thermostat at 105 ° C., and the weight of the dried product is measured to determine the concentration of extract solids in the extract extract and The amount of extract solid extract obtained from 75 kg of dried ginseng callus was determined. Moreover, extract solid content extraction rate was calculated | required from the extract solid content extraction amount with respect to 75 kg of dried products of ginseng callus.

Comparative Examples 1-3
7.5 g of dried ginseng callus used in Example 1 is not put in a bag, but is put in a 300 mL beaker as it is, and purified water is 80 g in Comparative Example 1, 120 g in Comparative Example 2, 160 g in Comparative Example 3 The procedure was the same as in Example 1 except for the addition.
The extract extract was recovered by filtering the callus with a stainless steel mesh.

Table 1 shows the results of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
In Examples 1 to 4, the extract extract was obtained as a brown transparent liquid. Moreover, in Examples 1-4, the extract extract recovery amount with respect to the extraction solvent addition amount was high. For this reason, if more efficient extraction is desired, the amount of extraction solvent added can be reduced, which can improve the concentration of extract solids and increase the concentration efficiency, with a small amount of extraction solvent. It is possible to perform efficient extraction.
Moreover, in Examples 1-3, the extract solid content extraction amount was higher than the comparative example 1 whose same extraction solvent addition amount is 80 g, and the extract solid content extraction amount was so high that the number of bags was increased. Therefore, as in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, a high extract solid content extraction amount was obtained without increasing the extraction solvent addition amount, and efficient extraction could be performed. Moreover, although Example 4 was implemented on the actual production machine scale, also in Example 4, high extract solid content extraction amount was obtained similarly to Examples 1-3.

On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the extract extract was a brownish and slightly turbid liquid, and contained impurities (cell residue).
Further, in Comparative Example 1, most of the water (extraction solvent) was absorbed by the dry plant tissue as the extract, and the amount of extract extract that could be recovered was reduced, and the amount of extract solid extract was also reduced.
In Comparative Examples 2 and 3, the amount of extract solid extract increased from that of Comparative Example 1 by increasing the amount of extraction solvent added, but the extract solid concentration in the extract extract was lowered.
In Comparative Examples 1 to 3, since the absorption of the extraction solvent by the dried plant tissue is high and the extract extract recovery amount relative to the addition amount of the extraction solvent is low, the extraction solvent addition amount is reduced as in Examples 1 to 4, and the extract solid The partial concentration cannot be improved. Therefore, the extraction requires a large amount of extraction solvent, which requires a lot of time and effort for concentrating the recovered extract extract and increases the energy cost. There wasn't.

  Moreover, in Examples 1-4, the plant tissue after extraction should just take out the bag from an extraction container, and it is easy to wash | clean a container, In contrast, in the comparative example, the plant tissue adhering to the wall surface of the extraction container, An operation of washing with water or the like and an operation of filtering the washed plant tissue for disposal are required, which is not preferable because it takes time and effort to wash the container.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to produce an extract extract that can be obtained easily and efficiently at a low cost, with an extract extract having a low concentration of residue and a high concentration of extract solids, and efficiently extracting an extract extract such as ginseng. Can be manufactured.

Claims (5)

  A method for producing an extract extract comprising enclosing a dried extract in one or more solvent-permeable containers, immersing the container in a solvent and extracting the extract solids with a solvent, A method characterized in that the volume is smaller than the swelling volume of the encapsulated extract by a solvent.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the container is 0.6 to 0.9 times the swelling volume of the encapsulated extract.   The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extract is plant tissue.   The method according to claim 3, wherein the plant tissue is ginseng callus.   A method for producing an extract solids concentrate, comprising concentrating an extract extract obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.